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从颜色词看中西文化差异

从颜色词看中西文化差异
从颜色词看中西文化差异

学期论文

Chinese and English Cultural Differences Reflected in

the Color Terms

从颜色词看中西方文化的差异

Chinese and English Cultural Differences Reflected in

1

the Color Terms

Abstract:

During the intercultural communication, there are many differences in the use of color words as well as in the understanding of the same color due to the different cultural and historical background. A comparison between them can help us to have a better understanding of these words and improve our intercultural communication ability.

Key words : color words ; cultural connotations ; cultural differences

Culture is a complex social phenomenon, permeated all aspects of social life. It is the complex achievement of social life and spiritual life. Culture is a term that covers a wide range of content. From the anthropological point of view, culture can be divided into two categories, in a narrow sense and in broad sense. The culture in a narrow sense, including literature, history, philosophy, politics,

social science and natural science achievements, reflects the human spiritual civilization and corporeal civilization .The so-called generalized culture, confirms human life in a series of different characteristics, such as the social customs, social habits, customs and other aspects of life. Language is one of the most important part plays a great role of culture. On one hand, language is the carrier of culture -- no language, no culture. On the other hand, language is influenced by culture at the same time; it likes a mirror, reflecting the representation of culture. Language it not only contains the nation's historical and cultural background, but also contains the nation's views on life and their way of life and their mode of thinking.

Language is the reflection and summarizes of social life. We all live in a colorful world; however, color is also an indispensable embellishment of human life. Because of the presence of color, we can obtain the colorful life.

From the scientific definition, color is fired by an object; it is the reflection or light waves caused by a certain visual phenomena, the basic characteristics of human vision. From the definition of color, color is a kind of objective existence; it is the same essential to every nation. But the cognition of color to each nation, especially the definition, reality origin, cultural images and associative meaning each nation gives, are not the same.

Experts point out that there are 11 common color categories in human language: white, black, red, green, and yellow, blue, pink. Even though, human beings has various kinds of language, the basic color words that indicated the color does not exceed the above 11 categories.

Color words are a kind of sense words; it not only describes the color, but also plays a major role in the expression of ideological content and strengthens the language emotions. The color words may have different meanings for different languages in different cultures. In daily life, people often use color to express their feelings and enrich their speeches.

However, due to the cultural differences, the use of color words of each nation always exist many difference in language, while the same color also have different symbolic meanings. I will introduce Chinese and English cultural differences reflected in the color terms from these main causes.

1. Differences of Cultural

In Chinese culture, yellow is the supreme symbol, while in western culture, the noble color is blue (or purple). This cultural phenomenon

is not accidental. From the geographical sense, the colors of the different cultural connotations and different natural environment are closely related; yellow and blue represent two different cultural characteristics and cultural psychology, color also has the behavior sense of cultural implication. In Chinese culture, the symbols of color are based on the traditional feudal rule, the feudal superstition and primitive, the backward science and outdate education. So the colors have strong political symbolism and mystical tendencies. The symbols of colors in western culture is more benefit from the western nations, open and scientific

education, so the symbolic significance is with less mysterious meaning, it is more rational that causes its semantics more easier to understand.

2. Difference of Value Orientation

In ancient times, Chinese people like yellow, they believed yellow is the symbol color of dignity, and it can only be used in royal family. What’s more, it is also the same color as gold. In China, people are keen on the special significance of yellow, then derived "zodiac" and other lucky words. Yellow also represents the power and majesty, because in the ancient “Wu Xing”, “Wu Se”, the central color is yellow. But after a long time of development, yellow has not so strong meaning in dignity, but still retain some auspicious meaning, such as it now

related with "sex" that caused by the fusion of Chinese and western cultural exchange. It is said that the New York newspaper is printed in yellow ink. This newspaper is full of tasteless comic and some low-level news, so people will say this kind of unhealthy publication of "黄色书刊"(nasty publication), and is aimed to exaggerate, render the report of pornographic, vendettas and crime news, people also named that kind of news for "黄色新闻"(vulgar news). Such as yellow press黄色报刊, yellow journalism黄色办报作风,yellow back廉价轰

动一时的小说. In addition, yellow also represents timid and cowardly in Chinese. For example:(1)yellow dog卑鄙的人,(2)yellow streak胆

怯,(3)yellow-livered胆小的。These phenomena all have great relation of people's orientate in value.

3. Differences of the Thinking Mode.

The misunderstanding of the people in the world hindered the communication is not only caused by the language, but also caused by the differences of thinking mode. In some way, it is determined by people knowledge and organized thinking method. Due to the impact and deposition in history and geography and cultural, Chinese and western thinking mode are different and unique. This different way of thinking mode makes the two ethnic different understanding and application in color words.

4. Differences in Religion

In western culture, Judas, who betrayed Jesus Jewish wears yellow clothes, so with this situation that the symbolic significance yellow is not so good. In English, there's a "black Friday" word and the symbolic significance with “black” as Christian has the close relation in English. In English, “black” is usually associated with unhappy feeling, it means misfortune, disaster, disgust, anger, depression, gloomy and significance. Friday in religion is the Friday before Easter, Jesus in the suffering. According to the national culture background and traditional customs, people from English-speaking countries with black Friday refers to the great plagues, dangerous days of unknown, this is peculiar to the English culture. In Chinese, yellow represents the Buddhism; the clothes of mocks always wear yellow clothes. And the royal family also regards yellow as their family color.

Besides the above reasons, the differences between Chinese and western in color words also influences by geography, living habit and other reasons. These reasons all mix and influence together with a long time each other result the different meaning in each language culture.

Because of the color words are difference in Chinese and western culture so that it makes us can not translate some color words in literal. According to the specific scene, we should translate English into Chinese base on the actual reality, for the unfamiliar with the cultural background is easy to cause some embarrass and this phenomenon may go against with communication in culture and daily life.

Conclusion

With the development of our society, the international exchanges also become more and more frequently, especially the business communication. The regions, cultural background, the values, the mode of thinking, communication mode, language and custom are not identical that may direct influence the success of international business negotiation. The color word as an important component of the language will certainly bring important influence

从颜色词看中英文化差异

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中西方文化差异详细 中西方颜色差异

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中英颜色词汇的对比与翻译

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从颜色词看中西文化差异

学期论文 Chinese and English Cultural Differences Reflected in the Color Terms 从颜色词看中西方文化的差异Chinese and English Cultural Differences Reflected in

the Color Terms Abstract: During the intercultural communication, there are many differences in the use of color words as well as in the understanding of the same color due to the different cultural and historical background. A comparison between them can help us to have a better understanding of these words and improve our intercultural communication ability. Key words : color words ; cultural connotations ; cultural differences Culture is a complex social phenomenon, permeated all aspects of social life. It is the complex achievement of social life and spiritual life. Culture is a term that covers a wide range of content. From the anthropological point of view, culture can be divided into two categories, in a narrow sense and in broad sense. The culture in a narrow sense, including literature, history, philosophy, politics, social science and natural science achievements, reflects the human spiritual civilization and corporeal civilization .The so-called generalized culture, confirms human life in a series of different characteristics, such as the social customs, social habits, customs and other aspects of life. Language is one of the most important part plays a great role of culture. On one hand, language is the carrier of culture -- no language, no culture. On the other hand, language is influenced by culture at the same time; it likes a mirror, reflecting the representation of culture. Language it not only contains the nation's historical and cultural background, but also contains the nation's views on life and their way of life and their mode of thinking. Language is the reflection and summarizes of social life. We all live in a colorful world; however, color is also an indispensable embellishment of human life. Because of the presence of color, we can obtain the colorful life.

中西方文化颜色词的不同

中西方文化颜色词的不同 一、中英文颜色词由于风俗习惯,环境、思维方式、宗教信仰的不同而造成的不同 红色是人们最早使用的颜色,在汉语中,它是火和血的颜色,是吉利、喜庆和兴旺发达的象征。英雄和新娘都要披红戴花,新娘更需里里外外,上上下下都是红色,连头上都盖上红盖头,传统婚礼上门窗上都张贴大红喜字。在传统春节中,都张贴红对联,挂红灯笼,长辈给孩子压岁钱,称为红包。受上司宠爱的称为红人,撮合美满婚姻的人称为红娘,红运指好运,红颜指青春美丽的女子。西方文化中红色含有比较多的贬义,象征着残暴流血,red hands 指血腥的手,杀人的手;red alert 指空袭警报;还象征放荡,淫秽,比如a red light district(红灯区)。 白色在中国文化中指无生命,象征着死亡,凶兆。家中有人去世,亲朋好友要披麻戴孝,办白事,设白色灵堂,打白幡。 而在西方,白色象征着高雅纯洁,在婚礼上新娘穿上洁白的婚纱,代表爱情的纯洁。Snow white(白雪公主)是纯洁善良的化身,还表示合法,无恶意,比如white lie指的是善意的谎言。 黑色在中国传统文化中象征着严肃、正义,比如张飞,李逵都是黑色脸谱。在西方,黑色象征着黑暗、邪恶和痛苦,比如black words指不吉利的话。2001年9月11日,美国世贸大楼被恐怖分子袭击,被称为black 9.11, 还可以指犯罪,比如black money指黑钱,

blackdeed指及其邪恶的行为。BlackFriday指黑色星期五。 绿色象征和平、青春、生机和希望。但在中西方文化中都有贬义:如汉语中,妻子辜负丈夫是丈夫蒙羞我们称为戴绿帽子;在英语中绿色有幼稚、嫉妒的意思,如the greeneyes 指的是红眼,Green hand 指新手。 黄色在中国传统文化中象征着帝王。而在西方文化中,黄色有很强的贬义,比如yellowbook指黄书,Yellowdog指卑鄙的人。 二、中英文颜色词的不同对于跨文化交际带来的影响 鉴于上文中提到的颜色词在中英文当中的这些不同,在英语翻译中我们要格外的注意。在跨文化交际中使用颜色词的时候,我们也要格外注意,否则我们就会犯愚蠢的错误,被其他人耻笑。比如,当我们想表达一个蓝眼睛的男孩,我们不能说 a blue-eyed boys, 因为blue-eyed 指的是被很多人爱的红人。如果我们想说一只黑羊,我们不能用a black sheep,因为a black sheep 指的是害群之马。再比如,green house 不是指绿色的房子,而是指温室。Green back 指美元。Black指不高兴。White night 不是白色的夜晚,而是指不眠之夜,white war 指经济上的战争而不是其他方面的。 三、避免在跨文化交际中产生失误的措施 1. 尽可能多的学习中英文在文化和宗教上的不同,我们能够通过很多途径扩展我们的眼界,增长我们的见识。比如,向亲朋好友请教、多读书、多看杂志、上网,与他人交流过程中,在我们日常生活中多注意观察。

关于的基本颜色词文化内涵

关于汉英基本颜色词文化内涵对比研究 摘要语言是文化的载体,词汇是语言中最为活跃的元素,而颜色词更与我们人类密切相关,体现不同地区和民族的文化特征。本文就汉英两种语言中基本颜色词汇的不同文化内涵进行了对比分析,其目的在于能够更好更为准确地使用颜色词的同时,进一步到达交际的目的。 关键词基本颜色文化特征对比交际 一、颜色词语的意义 语言是文化的载体,同时又是文化的重要组成部分。而词语又是语言中最为活跃的因素,是语言中最能反映文化特征的部分。它们的产生、变化和发展都包含着丰富、复杂的文化信息,如地理环境、历史传统、政治经济、风俗民情、宗教信仰、审美取向、价值观念及思维方式等等,其中色彩词语最能体现出浓厚的民族色彩和鲜明的文化特征,使不同民族的语言呈现出不同的特色。带有明显的文化烙印。这就要求译者在翻译不同文化和语言中带有颜色的词汇时,要充分理解该颜色在不同地区和领域中的显著特征和具体内涵,切不可“望文生义”。 颜色与人类的生活息息相关,我们无时无刻不在与颜色打交道。大干世界的颜色种类无穷无尽,有各自的独特物理属性,在语言中也有鲜明生动的体现。对颜色的认知,是人类最基本的认知范畴之一。世界各民族语言表达颜色的词语数量不一,分类各异。但英语和汉语对基本颜色词的分类差别不大。汉语中有赤、橙、黄、绿、青、蓝、紫,英语中有 red(~),white(白),black(黑),green(绿),yellow(黄),blue(蓝),purple(紫),gray(灰),brown(棕)。这些基本颜色之间有相同的方面,也有不同的区别。不同之处主要受到地理环境、民情风俗、思维方式、宗教信仰等因素的影响,使不同的颜色在视觉和心理上对不同地区和民族的人产生不一样的联想和象征意义。下面对英汉两种语言中的几种主要颜色词进行一下对比研究。 二、颜色词语的翻译 1.红色 (red)

颜色词“红”汉英对比翻译

颜色词“红”的汉英对比及翻译 (郑州大学河南郑州 450001) 摘要:作为文化中的重要组成部分,颜色词在英汉两语言中被广泛使用,其物理属性对各民族一样,但受不同历史背景、文化传统、风俗习惯、宗教信仰、思维方式、民族心理的影响,两民族对颜色词产生的联想、象征、申义大不相同。本文从颜色词“红”着手,探其文化根源,分析它在英汉语言中体现的文化内涵并提出相应的翻译策略。 关键词:颜色词;红色;文化内涵;翻译 中图分类号:h313 文献标识码:a 文章编号:1006-026x(2012)09-0000-01 abstract: as an important part of culture,color words are widely used in english and chinese.their physical properties arouse same response to all nations,but their associative,symbolic meaning and connotation rendered by english and chinese are quite different due to different historical backgrounds,cultural traditions,customs,religious faith,ways of thinking and national ideology.the paper aims at exploring the cultural sources and connotations reflected by “red” in english and chinese,and proposing relevant translation skills accordingly.

论 中国颜色词的文化内涵

论中国颜色词的文化内涵 摘要:人类生活与颜色息息相关,在人类语言中有着大量的表示色彩的颜色词。语言作为文化的载体,是文化的主要表现形式。因而这些颜色词除表示基本色彩意义外,还被赋予了丰富的感情色彩和文化内涵。然而“社会总是在不断发展变化的,社会的发展变化,归根结底是社会文化的发展变化,语言既然是文化的表现形式,文化的发展变化就必然会在语言中有所表现。”①颜色词作为语言词汇中重要的一个组成部分,在保持其基本文化内涵的同时,必然也会随着社会的变化发生一些变化。颜色词也以它们解释角度的不同包容了多重甚至相矛盾的文化内涵。本文主要从不同时空和不同视角来探讨红、白、黑、黄、绿五种常见中国颜色词的丰富的文化内涵。 关键词:中国;颜色词;文化内涵;发展;矛盾 一、中国颜色词的文化内涵 (一)红色 提到中国,提到颜色,很多人想到的词就是“红色”:红色的中国结、红色的对联、红色的汉服、红色的国旗、红色的灯笼、红色的结婚场面……红色是中国人最喜欢的颜色,民间有俗语说“紫多发恶,红主新”,②因此在新婚婚礼上和辞旧迎新的春节人们都喜欢用红色来装饰。“开门红”“红双喜”“生意红火”“走红”,这些词都表达了中国人认为红色是能带来运气的颜色。 红色在中文中最早也被称为“赤”色,代表着吉祥、喜气、热烈、奔放、激情、斗志。中国人以红为贵,古书上的记载,几乎每一位皇帝都会被附会出一段这种神秘的故事,罩上一层九五之尊的光环。红色从而演化为高贵、尊严的意义。古代宫殿室内色彩以红色为主色调,帝王宫殿叫丹墀、朱阙、丹楹等,象征喜庆和富贵。古代高贵人家叫朱门,杜诗曰:“朱门酒肉臭,路有冻死骨。”还有朱户、朱邸、朱轮皆是尊贵者、有权有势者专有词。红色服饰自古也显得尊贵,“《诗经·七月》:‘我朱孔阳,为公子裳。’《礼记·月令·孟春三月》:‘天子居名堂太庙……衣朱衣,服赤玉。’中古时代以朱赤为高官之服色也与此一脉相承。”③ 这种自古以来的意识观念一直影响着人们生活的方方面面:在传统的中国婚礼上,新娘要穿大红衣服,盖红头巾,门窗上要贴大红喜字,桌上点上红蜡烛,这样不但给婚礼带来喜庆的气氛,更让人联想到婚后的日子会越过越红火。春节点红蜡烛、贴红对联、新衣以红色为主。逢年过节,送的是红包……出现

中外颜色文化差异—了解外国颜色文化

颜色趣谈 第一篇:红色 1.汉语-英语 红茶black tea 红白事weddings and funerals 红榜honor roll 红薯sweet potato 开门红make a good beginning 红心loyal heart 红得发紫extremely popular 红宝石ruby 走红运to have a good luck 红利bonus 大红人a favorite with sb. in power 红外线infrared rays 红绿灯traffic light 看破红尘see through the vanity of the world 2.英语-汉语 red alert (台风,空袭)紧急警报the red carpet 隆重的欢迎red battle 一场血战red ruin 火灾red herring 天关紧要的题外话red-eye 廉价的威士忌酒 red ball 特快列车red box 英国大臣用的文件匣 3 .与红色有关的社会内涵 (1)国际上一个专门负责监督各国履行“救死扶伤”和协助受灾国家和地区的组织叫国际红十字会”(International Red Cross或IRC);各国及各地区的“红十字会”也叫“Red Cross”,如中国红十字会(Chinese Red Cross),香港红十字会(Hong Kong Red Cross)。 (2)某些资本主义国家,一些充满色情的地方.在英语里把这种风化区一概称为red-light district(红灯区),非常形象地向人们发出危险的信号。这是因为红灯是危险,停止前进的信号。 (3)red tape字面的意思“红带子”,若是这样来译,那就错了。这个词组源于三个世纪以前,官方使用红带子捆文件.它的词意逐渐演变成为“繁文缛节,官样文章”,烦杂费事的手续,官僚的形式主义等。 颜色趣谈 白色(white) 1 .汉语一英语 白班day shift 白鹭egret 白喉diphtheria 白金platinum 白内障cataract白痴idiot 白开水plain boiled water 白铁galvanized iron 白血病leukemia 白眼supercilious look 白粉病powdery mildew

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题目(英文)A Contrastive Study of Color Words’Cultural Connotation in Chinese and English 院系外国语2016级12班__________________专业_师范英语________________________ 学生姓名黄多多 学号1234567899 指导教师某某 指导教师职称教授

绵阳师范学院教务处制二Ο一四年五月

本科生毕业设计(论文)开题报告表 题目中英颜色词文化内涵对比研究 一、设计选题的依据 (一)选题研究的目的: 人类生活的世界五彩斑斓,色彩缤纷。各种各样的颜色构成了我们这个精彩纷呈,五光十色的地球,给人类的生活添加了趣味,让人类能够享受到视觉的饕餮大餐。颜色是物体的自然属性,人们用它来描绘不同事物给人们的视觉的第一感受。颜色不仅可以用来描绘人们所看到的物体,也可以用来表达人们的内心感受。颜色不仅仅承载着一个国家从古至今的物质文化发展轨迹,更加沉淀着不同地域的人们所独有的政治观念,文化观念,审美观念等文化精髓。 进入21世纪以来,人们大步迈向了经济全球化,信息网络化,交流无国界化的时代。随着世界各国对外贸易政策日趋开放,现代交通工具飞速发展这些“硬实力”大幅提升,随着现代新型信息交流媒介电脑,通讯媒介手机等在全球人民的普及这些“软实力”迅猛发展,各国人民在现实生活和网络生活中的接触和交流日趋频繁。不同地域的人们交流,即是不同文化从碰撞到融和的过程。在这种形势之下,对中西颜色词的文化内涵进行对比研究便是很必要并且迫切的一件事情。 首先,透过对中西方颜色词语的文化内涵的对比研究,我们能更加了解我们这个有着5000年悠久历史的四大文明古国之一的祖国的文化起源,发展。我们能更加感受到我们中华民族在世界民族之林的独特性,民族自豪感便会从内心深处油然而生,让我们对自己的祖国更加地挚爱。 其次,拨开颜色词语的表象来看颜色词语的文化内涵,有助于更加精确地理解不同语言的文化作品通过颜色词语所传达的意境。在文学作品中,颜色词语广泛运用于环境描写,来渲染和烘托作品主题。只有对颜色词语的文化内涵做到准确的拿捏,才能对文学作品有透彻的理解。 最后,关注颜色词语在中西文化中的差异,能让人们在跨文化交际中做到“知己知彼,绝不冒犯”。在当今的”地球村”,不同国家的人们在生活,工作等各方面有了更多的交集。只有避免文化的冲突,才能让跨文化交际取得实质性的成功。

从颜色词看中西方文化差异

从颜色词看中西方文化差异 41432054 李静 人类世界色彩斑斓,光怪陆离,“赤橙黄绿青蓝紫”如一条五光十色的彩带为人类编织出光彩夺目的生态环境。颜色作为一种感官认知,人类对其的认知有明显的共通之处,基本颜色词的含义在各个语言中应是相同的,但因东西方地理环境、历史传统、宗教信仰、价值观念、文化风俗、思维定势以及审美情趣等方面的不同,人们总是按照自己的思维定势和价值尺度去描绘事物的颜色,赋予词汇以本民族的文化内涵,带有显著的文化烙印。 不同国家对不同颜色赋予了不同的含义,因此对不同颜色的喜爱程度也不一样。中国、朝鲜、印度、巴基斯坦、缅甸等国均喜爱红色、绿色、黄色等较鲜艳之色,而日本则尤爱素雅之色,并将绿色视为不详之色。这些国家共同禁忌的颜色是黑色、灰色。沙特阿拉伯、也门、伊朗、科威特和伊拉克等一些国家则喜欢绿色和深蓝色,忌讳的是大红色、紫色和黄色。欧洲大多数国家都喜欢红色、蓝色,而禁忌黑色。 正因如此,人们对各种颜色词的判断就会产生偏误。 Mr. Brown is a very white man. He was looking rather green the other day. He has been feeling blue lately. When I saw him, he was in a brown study. I hope he soon be in the pink again. (误译)布朗先生是个很白的人。那天他脸上却有点绿色。近来他一直感到蓝蓝的。每当看到他时,他总是在棕色的学习中,我希望他早日处于粉红色之中。 (正译)布朗先生是个非常忠实可靠的人。那天他脸上颇有病色。近来他一直感到闷闷不乐。每当我看到他时,他总是处在极度深思之中,我希望他早日恢复健康。 由此可以看出,简单的颜色词在不同的文化背景下竟然有如此大的差别。 本文以在文化 中差异较大的红白两色为例,分析中西方文化差异。

英汉颜色词汇的文化差异

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