2012年12月4日，中央政治局做出关于改进工作作风，密切联系群众的八项规定。其主要内容是：
（1）要改进调查研究，到基层调研要深入了解真实情况，总结经验、研究问题、解决困难、指导工作，向群众学习、向实践学习，多同群众座谈，多同干部谈心，多商量讨论，多解剖典型，多到困难和矛盾集中、群众意见多的地方去，切忌走过场、搞形式主义；要轻车简从、减少陪同、简化接待，不张贴悬挂标语横幅，不安排群众迎送，不铺设迎宾地毯，不摆放花草，不安排宴请。
（2）要精简会议活动，切实改进会风，严格控制以中央名义召开的各类全国性会议和举行的重大活动，不开泛泛部署工作和提要求的会，未经中央批准一律不出席各类剪彩、奠基活动和庆祝会、纪念会、表彰会、博览会、研讨会及各类论坛；提高会议实效，开短会、讲短话，力戒空话、套话。
（3）要精简文件简报，切实改进文风，没有实质内容、可发可不发的文件、简报一律不发。
（4）要规范出访活动，从外交工作大局需要出发合理安排出访活动，严格控制出访随行人员，严格按照规定乘坐交通工具，一般不安排中资机构、华侨华人、留学生代表等到机场迎送。
（5）要改进警卫工作，坚持有利于联系群众的原则，减少交通管制，一般情况下不得封路、不清场闭馆。
（6）要改进新闻报道，中央政治局同志出席会议和活动应根据工作需要、新闻价值、社会效果决定是否报道，进一步压缩报道的数量、字数、时长。
（7）要严格文稿发表，除中央统一安排外，个人不公开出版著作、讲话单行本，不发贺信、贺电，不题词、题字。
（8）要厉行勤俭节约，严格遵守廉洁从政有关规定，严格执行住房、车辆配备等有关工作和生活待遇的规定。
N1 能力考真题【 2012.12】 問題１ _____ の言葉の読み方として最もよいものを、１、２、３、４から一つ選びなさい。 1.従来の枠を超えて新しい分野に進出する企業が増えている。 1) かべ 2) わく 3) みぞ 4) ふち ２.この情報誌は国内の主な観光名所をほぼ網羅している 1) ぼうろう 2) もうろう 3) もうら 4) ぼうら3.このような賞を受けることは、私にとって大変名誉なことです 1) めいゆう 2) めいゆ 3) めいよう 4) めいよ4. 新商品の開発には多額の資金を費やした。 1) ひやした 2) つやした 3) ついやした 4) ひいやした5. あそこに見えるのは、千年前に建てられた由緒あるお寺です。 1) ゆうしょ 2) ゆいしょ 3) ゆうしょう 4) ゆいしょう6. 若いスタッフたちが手際よく作業を進めていた。 1) しゅざい 2) てきわ 3) しゅさい 4) てぎわ問題２（）に入れるのに最もよいものを、１、２、３、４から一つ選びなさい。 7.会議の直前に部長の都合が悪くなり、（）私が代理で出席することにった。 1) 瞬時に 2) 迅速に 3) 即刻 4) 急遽 8.あの人は?申請書は締め切りまでに絶対に提出した?と、まだ（）いる1) 言い残して 2) 言い張って 3) 言い渡して 4) 言い放って9.このままでは交渉がまとまらないので、互いに（）せざるをえない。1) 同調 2) 妥協 3) 和解 4) 融合 10.この論文が今後の医学の発展に（）するところは大きいだろう。 1) 寄与 2) 普及 3) 供与 4) 波及 11.今年の花火大会は、30 万人を超える（）が予想されている。 1) 人込み 2) 人波 3) 人通り 4) 人出12.仕事の分担を決める前に、必要な作業をすべて（）した。
2013年12月大学英语四级听力真题 PartⅡListening Comprehension(30 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. 1. A) The woman is now working in a kindergarten. B) The man will soon start a business of his own. C) The man would like to be a high school teacher. D) The woman is going to major in child education. 2. A) The furniture has to be rearranged. B) The sound equipment has to be set up. C) The conference room has to be cleaned. D) The video machine has to be checked. 3. A) She is exhausted. B) She is near-sighted. C) She cannot finish work in time. D) She cannot go straight home. 4. A) The woman is too particular about food. B) He would rather have a meal an hour later. C) The woman should order her food quickly. D) He usually prefers ice-cream to sandwiches. 5. A) He is not a good mechanic. B) He doesn't keep his promises. C) He spends his spare time doing repairs. D) He is always ready to offer help to others. 6. A) Sam has a big family to support. B) Sam is not interested in traveling. C) The pay offered by the travel agency is too low. D) The work hours in the travel agency arc too long 7. A) International trade.
Doctoral degree 1,5501,2721,038 712626444Master’s degree Bachelor’s degree Some college,no degree High school diploma Less than high school degree 2012年12月大学英语四级真题(3) Part ⅠWriting (30minutes)注意：此部分试题在答题卡1上，请在答题卡1上作答。 Direction:For this part,you are allowed 30minutes to write a composition entitled E ducation Pays based on the statistics provided in the chart below (Weekly earnings of 2010).Please write at least 120words but no more than 180words. Education:A Worthy Investment Weekly earnings in 2010($) Source:U.S.Bureau of Labor Statistics Education Pays Part ⅡReading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)(15minutes)Di rections:In this part,you will have 15minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer sheet 1.For questions 1-7,choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).For questions 8-10,complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. Suffering in silence Despite a law designed to protect them,many people with disabling conditions are unaware of their rights.Carole Concha-Bell tells of her experiences. Being diagnosed with a disabling condition is always a shock.Learning to live without the guarantee of health is like having to unlearn a previous life.The implications for your working life may seem intimidating. There is the disability Discrimination Act (DDA),of course.But does it really provide the
Section A 11. W: I just heard about a really beautiful park in the east end of the town. There are a lot of roses in bloom. M: Why don’t we walk over there and see for ourselves? Q: What will the speakers probably do? 答案：C. Go to the park to enjoy the flowers. 点评：对话中女士介绍了一处漂亮的公园，从男士的回答“为什么不去看看呢？”可以判断，接下去两人可能会去这个公园。see for 看见 12. M: My presentation is scheduled for 9:30 tomorrow morning at the lecture hall. I hope to see you there. W: Oh, sorry. I was about to tell you that I have an appointment wi th my dentist at 9:00 o’clock tomorrow. Q: What do we learn about the woman? 答案：C. She cannot attend the presentation. 点评：从对话中可知，女士九点要去看牙医，无法参加男士的讲座了。 13. W: How long have you been running this company? M: Twenty years if you can believe that. I brought it from a small operation to what it is today. Q: What do we learn about the man? 答案：B. He is a very successful businessman. 点评：从对话中可知，男士经营这家公司20年了，而且成功把公司从一家小公司发展到了现在较大的规模。run v. 经营，管理 14.
Suffering in silence Despite a law designed to protect them, many people with disabling conditions are unaware of their rights. Carole Concha-Bell tells of her experiences. Being diagnosed v. 诊断；被诊断为（diagnose的过去分词）with a disabling condition is always a shock. Learning to live without the guarantee of health is like having to unlearn vt. 忘却；抛掉以前的想法；去掉…的弊习a previous life. The implications n. 蕴涵式；暗指，暗示；含蓄，含意； 卷入for your working life may seem intimidating 吓人的、令人不安的. There is the Disability Discrimination Act (DDA) 残障歧视法, of course. But does it really provide the protection in the workplace that parliament n. 议会，国会intended v. 打算；准备? Are employers merely paying lip service to 口头上承认the DDA? Or are they even aware of an employer's legal duties and responsibilities义务与责任? In my experience, it is the latter. I have received little support from employers to whom I have revealed v. 透 露（reveal的过去式）；显示my condition. This has often left me feeling at a disadvantage and wondering adj. 疑惑的；觉得奇怪的why I bothered doing so in the first place 首先，第一，原本. I had been struggling with illness long before 很早以前；在…以前很久I was diagnosed. In practical terms 实际上；在实践中the diagnosis did little to aid me有助于. Of course, it enabled me to understand my body, my limitations and set me on a course to stabilize vt. 使…坚固；使…安定；装稳定器my symptoms. But it brought a new dilemma n. 困境；进退两难；两刀论法. Where I had previously struggled to work while ill, ignorant adj. 无知的；愚昧的of why my body was misbehaving vi. 作弊；行为不礼貌, I now had a name for my daily struggle: Lupus (狼疮). This is a chronic (慢性的) auto-immune 自身免疫的disorder that can affect virtually adv. 事实上，几乎；实质上any system in the body. It also leaves a huge, dark question hanging over my head when seeking employment: should I tell my employers I have a condition? It is a dilemma that continues to be a root cause of anxiety [??'za??t?] both for myself and for thousands of other UK employees. The rocky road 坎坷崎岖的路to my unfortunate enlightenment about work and disability began just after graduatio n n. 毕业；毕业典礼；when I'd set my sights on a career in communications and landed my dream job with a respected p ublic relations consultancy (咨询公司) in Bristol. But while I was learning the art of media relations, my body w asn't quite making it in health terms. I often went to work with swollen limbs n. [解剖] 四肢and fevers. At my first a nd last performance review 服务表现检讨；业绩评价, my boss was amazed that, despite my many capabilities, I hadn't quite taken control of my responsibilities. A few months later, my contract n. 合同；婚约wasn't renewed and I plunged 投入；跳 进；使陷入further into new depths of ill health. However, I was determined not to be beaten and returned to the interview trail. My next job was in publishing. But despite a shining adj. 光亮的；华丽的performance at the interview, I felt like a fraud n. 欺骗；骗子；诡计. How long would it be before I sank into ill health and depression n. 沮丧；洼地；不景气；忧愁again? The job was to end with a monumental adj. 不朽的；纪念碑的；非常的bang when I became so poorly I could no longer f unction n. 功能；[数] 函数；vi. 运行；活动；. A few feverish adj. 发热的；极度兴奋的weeks in bed ended in specialist appointment, where I was diagnosed with Lupus and rushed into hospital for fear that 生怕，唯恐；以免；以防万一it may have attacked my interna l adj. 内部的；内在的；国内的organs. The next 12 months were filled with confusion n. 混淆，混乱；困惑. I had no idea about benefits, felt alienated (被视为另类) by the medical establishment 医疗机构and lived off 靠……生活my savings until I was broke. I realized 意识I needed help from my family and moved to London. As soon as I felt better, I marched into a marketing recruitment n. 补充；征募新兵consultancy n. 咨询公司；顾问工作and, within 10 minutes, I had impressed the interviewer enough to be offered a job with the agency. We agreed on a decent adj. 正派的；得体的；相当 好的salary and I told him I had arthritis (关节炎) and would need to work a four-day week. Things went well at the start but soon the client 客户meetings began to fall on my day off, and I rarely le ft the office on time. I began to slip both in health and professional terms n. 术语；学期；期限；条款. The 10-hour days cras hed around my head; no amount of make-up 化装化妆组成could disguise my ill health as I battled against the odds迎 难而上，成败之际，冲破万重的困难to prove to myself that I could still make it in the business world. I often cried on the bus on 不久前my contract was due to be made permanent adj. 永久的，永恒的；不变的, I was called to the boss's office and given the "talk" about how my performance n. 性能；绩效；表演；执行was slipping, how awful I looked. I
2010年12月英语四级听力原文完整版 Section A 短对话(11~18) 11. M: Oh my god! The heat is simply unbearable here. I wish we’ve gone to the beach instead. W: Well, with the museums and restaurants in Washin gton I’ll be happy here no matter what the temperature. Q：What does the woman mean? 12. M: How’s the new job going? W: Well, I’m learning a lot of new things, but I wish the director would give me some feedback. Q：What does the woman want to know? 13. M: Can you help me work out a physical training program John? W: Sure, but whatever you do be careful not to overdo it. Last time I had two weeks’ worth of weight-lifting in three days and I hurt myself. Q: What does the man suggest the woman do? 14. M: I have an elderly mother and I’m worried about her going on a plane. Is there any risk? W: Not if her heart is all right. If she has a heart condition, I’d recommend against it. Q: What does the man want to know about his mother? 15. M: Why didn’t you stop when we first signaled you at the crossroads? W: Sorry, I was just a bit absent-minded. Anyway, do I have to pay a fine? Q: what do we learn from the conversation? 16.
Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to a foreign friend who wants to learn Chinese. Please recommend a university to him. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words. Part II Listening Comprehension (25 minutes) Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A) , B) , C) and D) . Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Questions I and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard. 1.A)Many facilities were destroyed by a wandering cow. B) A wandering cow knocked down one of its fences. C)Some tourists were injured by a wandering cow. D) A wandering cow was captured by the police. 2.A) It was shot to death by a police officer. B)It found its way back to the park' s zoo. C)It became a great attraction for tourists. D)It was sent to the animal control department. Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard. 3.A) It is the largest of its kind. B)It is going to be expanded. C)It is displaying more fossil specimens. D)It is staring an online exhibition. 4.AJA collection of bird fossils from Australia. B)Photographs of certain rare fossil exhibits. C)Some ancient wall paintings from Australia. D)Pictures by winners of a wildlife photo contest. Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard. 5.A) Pick up trash. B)Amuse visitors. C)Deliver messages. D)Play with children. 6.A) They are especially intelligent. 8)They are children' s favorite. C They are quite easy to tame. D) They are clean and pretty. 7.A) Children may be harmed by the rooks. B)Children may be tempted to drop litter. C)Children may contract bird diseases.
2012年12月四级听力真题原文 11. W: I just heard about a really beautiful park in the east end of the town. There are a lot of roses in bloom. M: Why don’t we walk over there and see for ourselves? Q: What will the speakers probably do? 12. M: My presentation is scheduled for 9:30 tomorrow morning at the lecture hall. I hope to see you there. W: Oh, sorry. I was about to tell you that I have an appointment with my dentist at 9:00 o’clock tomorrow. Q: What do we learn about the woman? 13. W: How long have you been running this company? M: Twenty years if you can believe that. I brought it from a small operation to what it is today. Q: What do we learn about the man? 14. M: Have you read the news on the campus net? Susan has won the scholarship for next year. W: I knew she would from the very beginning. Such a brilliant and diligent girl! She certainly deserves it.
2012年12月英语四级完整版真题:第二套 Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 19. A) Make phone calls to promote sales. B) Arrange business negotiations. C) Handle complaints from customers. D) Take orders over the phone. 20. A) They had different business strategies. B) Customers often mistook one for the other. C) Conflicts between them could not be properly solved. D) Customers' questions could not be answered on the same day. 21. A) They each take a week. B) They like to spend it together. C) They have to take it by turns. D) They are given two weeks each. Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 22. A) At a road crossing. B) Outside a police station. C) D) In front of a kindergarten. 23. A) He drove too fast to read it. B) He did not notice it. C) It says 45 miles an hour. D) It is not clearly visible. 24. A) It should have been renewed two months ago. B) It actually belongs to somebody else. C) It is no longer valid. D) It is not genuine. 25. A) He got a ticket. B) He was fined $35. C) He had his driver's license canceled. D) He had to do two weeks' community service. Section B Passage One Questions 26 to 29 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 26. A) They care more about an item's price than its use. B) They grab whatever they think is a good bargain. C) They become excited as if they had never been there. D) They behave as if their memories have failed totally. 27. A) Those with a VIP card. C) Those needing assistance. B) Those with 15 items or less. D) Those paying in cash. 28. A) Go back and pick up more items. C) Change the items they have picked up. B) Take out some unwanted purchases. D) Calculate the total cost of the groceries.
2012年12月大学英语六级考试真题 Part I Writing (30 minutes) Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay entitled Man and Computer by commenting on the saying, “The real danger is not tha t the computer will begin to think like man, but that man will begin to think like the computer.” You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. Man and Computer Part II Reading Comprehension （Skimming and Scanning）（15 minutes）Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on A nswer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. Thirst grows for living unplugged More people are taking breaks from the connected life amid the stillness and quiet of retreats like the Jesuit Center in Wernersville, Pennsylvania. About a year ago, I flew to Singapore to join the writer Malcolm Gladwell, the fashion designer Marc Ecko and the graphic designer Stefan Sagmeister in addressing a group of advertising people on “Marketing to the Child of Tomorrow.” Soon after I arrived, the chief executive of the agency that had invited us took me aside. What he was most interested in, he began, was stillness and quiet. A few months later, I read an interview with the well-known cutting-edge designer Philippe Starck. What allowed him to remain so consistently ahe ad of the curve? “I never read any magazines or watch TV,” he said, perhaps with a little exaggeration. “Nor do I go to cocktail parties, dinners or anything like that.” He lived outside conventional ideas, he implied, because “I live alone mostly, in the middle of nowhere.” Around the same time, I noticed that those who part with $2,285 a night to stay in a cliff-top room at the Post Ranch Inn in Big Sur, California, pay partly for the privilege of not having a TV in their rooms; the future of travel, I’m reliably told, lies in “black-hole resorts,” which charge high prices precisely because you can’t get online in their rooms. Has it really come to this? The more ways we have to connect, the more many of us seem desperate to unplug. Internet rescue camps in South Korea and China try to save kids addicted to the screen. Writer friends of mine pay good money to get the Freedom software that enables them to disable the very Internet connections that seemed so emancipating not long ago. Even Intel experimented in 2007 with conferring four uninterrupted hours of quiet time (no phone or e-mail) every Tuesday morning on 300 engineers and managers. Workers were not allowed to use the phone or send e-mail, but simply had the chance to clear their heads and to hear themselves think. The average American spends at least eight and a half hours a day in front of a screen, Nicholas Carr notes in his book The Shallows. The average American teenager sends or receives 75 text messages a day, though one girl managed to handle an average of 10,000 every 24 hours for a month. Since luxury is a function of scarcity, the children of tomorrow will long for nothing more than intervals of freedom from all the blinking machines, streaming videos and scrolling headlines that leave them feeling empty and too full all at once. The urgency of slowing down—to find the time and space to think—is nothing new, of course, and wiser souls have always reminded us that the more attention we pay to the moment, the less time and energy we have to pla ce it in some larger context. “Distraction is the only thing that consoles us for our miseries,” the French philosopher Blaise Pascal wrote in the 17th century, “and yet it is itself the greatest of our miseries.” He also famously remarked that all of man’s problems come from his inability to sit quietly in a room alone. 1