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英语说明文阅读技巧

英语说明文阅读技巧
英语说明文阅读技巧

高考英语说明文阅读技巧

潍坊七中郑秀春2011年7月17日 12:19

“英语说明文”,顾名思义,就是一种以“说明、解释”为主要表达方式的英语文体。它是对客观事物的性状、特点、功能和用途等等做科学解说的。它既不像故事那样重在情节的叙述和描写,也不像议论文那样,重在阐明主张和论点论据;更不像科幻作品那样富于想象和虚构夸张。说明文是通过解说事物、阐明事理,使人们增长知识和技能。说明文是高考英语阅读理解题中的重点内容之一。说明文具有与自己特点相适应的说明方法,因此说明文结构复杂,专业术语多,易于拉开考生分数档次,便于高校分层次选拔人才。然而对于考生来说说明文抽象度高,解题难度增大了。高考对说明文的考查多为科普知识,动植物特性、自然现象和新产品、新工艺介绍以及人文地理、风土人情等方面的说明文,文中解释性、定义性、说明性的句子居多。因此考生要掌握说明文的命题特点,叙述方式,以冷静的心态阅读原文,重点突破长句结构特点和逻辑关系,以便对其做出准确的

语意理解。

一、说明文阅读理解的特征一般说来,英语说明文与其它文体一样,文章所涉及的内容不外乎以下几个方面,即who→what→when→where→how→why。

1. who:问的是这篇文章的主体是谁?(即所要说明和描述的人或事物)

2. what:问的是主体做了什么事情?(即主体表现出的特性、功能和用途)

3. when和where:是在何时何地发生的?(即何时何地所表现出的特性、功能和用途)

4. how:通过什么方式表现出来的?

5. why:这种特性功能用途的原因是什么?

做说明文阅读阅读的时候,一定要记住上面的wh-word。边阅读,边搜记,牢记要点,把握全文。

二.说明文阅读理解的类型掌握说明文阅读理解题的类型对考生来说非常有必要。一般来说,高考对阅读理解的命题类型主要有以下几种:

1. 细节理解题

说明文中考查的细节理解题大致与记叙文相似。命题区域都有其共同点。⑴在列举处命题。如用first(1y)、second(1y)、third(1y)finally、not only…but also、then、in addition 等表示顺承关系的词语列举出事实。试题要求考生从列举出的内容中选出符合题干要求的答案项。⑵在例证处命题。句中常用由as、such as、for example、for instance等引导的短语或句子作为例证,这些例句或比喻就成为命题者设问的焦点。⑶在转折对比处命题。一般通过however、but、yet、in fact等词语来引导。对比用unlike、until、not so much…as等词语引导,命题者常对用来对比的双方属性进行考查。⑷在比较处命题。无端的比较、相反的比较、偷换对象的比较,经常出现在干扰项中,考生要标记并且关注到原文中的比较,才能顺利地排除干扰。⑸在复杂句中命题。包括同位词、插入语、定语、从句、不定式等,命题者主要考查考生对句子之间的指代关系和语法关系。

细节类问题一般都能在原文中找到出处,只要仔细就可以在文中找到答案。但正确的选择项不可能与阅读材料的原文完全相同,而是用不同的语句成句型表达相同的意思。

2. 语义猜测题说明文为了把自然规律,事物的性质等介绍清楚或把事理阐述明白,因此学术性强的生词较多,所以常进行生词词义判断题的考查。命题方式多以the underlined part “…” in paragraph…refers to….或what does the underlined word mean?或what is the meaning of the underlined word?为设问方式。解题时考生应认真阅读原文,分析其对某些科学原理是如何定义、如何解释的,并以此为突破口抽象概括出生词词义。也可以通过上下文来猜测某个陌生词语的语意。或者找出某个词语在文章中的同义词。要注意破折号、同位语从句、定语从句、插入句等具有解释、说明作用的语言成分。说明文在阐述说明

对象时易发生动作变换、人称转变的现象,这类题目常以 it,they,them 等代词为命题点,因此考生要根据上下文语境,认真阅读原文,分析动作转换背景,弄清动作不同执行者,以便准确判断代词的其实际指代对象。

3. 主旨理解题

说明文常用文章大意判断题考查考生对通篇文意的理解。即对文章的主题或中心意思的概括和归纳。主要考查考生对文章的整体理解能力。命题形式常以this passage mainly talks about ____.what is the main idea of the passage?为设问方式。这种试题多以this passage mainly talks about the major

surprising findings about….为回答方法。答题时首先阅读题干,掌握问题的类型,了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息,然后有针对性地对文章进行扫读,对有关信息进行快速定位,再将相关信息进行整合、甄别、分析、对比,有根有据地排除干扰项,选出正确答案。

4. 判断推理题。

这种试题常以the passage is intended to...(2) the author suggests that...(3) the story implies that…(4) which point of view may the author agree to?(5) from the passage we can conclude that...(6) the purpose of the passage is to...为设问方式。这种题型的答案在原文中不是直接就能找到的,它要求考生进行合理的推断。如因果关系,文中的某些用词、语气也往往具有隐含意义,考生要将这种含义读出来。说明文常出现图示判断题,这种试题可以事物之间正确的依赖关系为命题点,要求考生判断其正确的流程顺序相互关系等。考生一定要认真阅读原文,并对照原文介绍的情况,弄清图示的差异,根据题干需要最终做出正确判断。如:动物介绍性说明文常出现动物能力判断题,考查考生对特定动物所具有能力的判断。解题时考生应认真阅读原文对动物形态活动能力的判断,了解动物的生存环境和是否会使用工具,是否善于爬行、飞翔和游泳等。

观点态度题也是判断推理题考查的内容之一。说明文的对象为客观事实,但设题以议论的表达方式抒发对该说明对象的想法。如对某种新发明的赞赏,或对某个事物的批判。这类题目常见的题干表达方式有what was the author?s attitude towards ...? 等。

【问题设计】

according to the passage which is not likely to cause desertification?

a. climate changes.

b. cutting down trees.

c. digging up grass.

d. saving water.

【试题简析】

高考说明文写作指导

大连经济技术开发区一中李霞吴蔚林

说明文是今年来高考英语书面表达比较常见的一种体裁,其特点是对事物或做事情的方法进行客观地介绍。有些书面表达题虽是以应用文的形式出现的,但其主要内容也属于说明象、介绍方位地点和指导如何做事情,要求学生能够按照一定的说明顺序进行介绍和说明,以达到实际应用和交际的目的。

写说明文宜采用三段式:第一段主要介绍要说明的对象及说明的目的;第二段说明事物的主要特征或做事情的方法步骤;第三段进行总结概括。时态通常用一般现在时。写作时应遵循以下几个步骤:

一、仔细审题,明确说明对象,抓住要说明的事物或事理的主要特征。

二、选择合理的说明顺序(时间顺序、空间顺序或逻辑顺序)分层次进行说明,注意条理清晰。

三、选择恰当的说明方法,比如定义法、举例法、比较法和细节描述法等,不要遗漏主

要内容。

四、根据说明顺序及内容确定过渡词和恰当的句型结构。文字应客观、简洁、明了,不要追求华丽和加入太多个人观点。

以下将就高考中常见的三种说明文类型进行具体的写作指导。

【如何进行方位说明】

写作要点

在介绍一个地点时,首先要抓住该地点的特征,在第一段中进行简要介绍:要说明的是工厂还是学校?是农村还是城市?是图书馆还是公园?它们各自有什么区别于其他地点的特征?第二段中要按照一定的顺序对该地点进行具体说明。说明的顺序可从外到内,从上到下,从前到后,由远及近,也可按顺时针方向或逆时针方向等来介绍。这样可以避免文章杂乱无章。通常建议考生采用以下两种说明顺序:1、选择中心坐标进行说明:在介绍规则排列的方位或有多个建筑物时,先选定中心坐标,然后再就其前后左右的其他建筑物进行说明。这样写作可以突出重点,语言也会非常紧凑。2、按照参观的顺序进行说明:介绍不规则排列的方位时,可以按照参观的顺序,选择好起点,然后逐一进行介绍。这种写作方法条理清晰,符合人们认识事物、欣赏事物的习惯,让人读起来很舒服。但无论选择以上哪种方法进行说明都要注意in front of, behind, on the left, on the right, in the east, to the west等方位词的使用。在句型结构方面建议学生多使用倒装句、定语从句和with短语。介绍方位的文章最容易写得呆板单调,缺乏生气,让人读起来感到乏味。所以可适当地运用描写,增加文章的文采,使所写内容打动读者,达到最佳的表达效果。例如在介绍学校时,可以这样写:on the west of the teaching building lies a small garden, which is very beautiful in spring with all kinds of flowers bursting into blossom.

另外,方位说明类的文章出题常以图画形式出现。这类文章在写作时考生最常犯的两种错误一是未能抓住主题进行说明,二是遗漏画面中主要要点。解决第一种问题,要求考生仔细观察画面,结合提示中的文字信息搞清几幅画间的内在联系,然后进行抽象概括,找出主要的说明对象。然后对图中所给信息进行筛选:哪些是与主题有关的需要加以说明?哪些与主题无关可以忽略?为避免遗漏要点,建议考生把与文章主题有关的事物先在图上圈出,再逐条以文字形式列出。说明时也要按照一定的顺序合理安排这些要点,使文章条理清晰。通常先说明完一幅画再去说明另一幅画,不要穿插着进行说明,否则会显得杂乱无章。

好词好句推荐:

1.过渡词

above, in front of, in the center of, on the left, across, below, in the distance, on the right, beyond, nearby, opposite to, over, further, next to, on top of, up, down, close to, beneath, under, around, near to, along

2.常用句式:

1)it is located / situated in…

2)it lies between …and …

3)in front of it is…, with …on its left and …on its right.

4)turning to the left, you will see …, behind which is …

5)walking past …, the building that appears in front of you is …

6)along the road are lines of trees, from which students can find shade from the hot sun.

7)a walk around ?is a feast for the mind as well as the eye.

8)opposite to the …stands …

9)the door on your left leads you to ….

10) next to the door against the wall there is a …, in which we sit to watch tv every evening.

11) on your left lies a …, with all kinds of… in it.

实战演练

2006高考英语作文全国卷i

假定你是李华。应英国朋友bob的要求,写一封短信介绍你校图书馆的基本情况。内容须包括下面两幅图中的相关信息。注意:

1、字数100左右

2、可以适当增减细节,以使行文连贯

3、开头语已为你写好

dear bob,

thank you for your last letter asking about our library.______________________ best wishes

li hua

注:上面的小字是:借阅须知:每人每次5本,借期10天。下面的小字是:开放时间:周一至周五,早9:00至晚7:00,周末闭馆。)

【例文1】

dear bob,

thank you for your last letter asking about our library. here is some information about it. located between the garden and the teaching building, our school library situates in the center of the school and has beautiful surroundings. it has all kinds of books, magazines and newspapers providing us with all kinds of knowledge and the latest information. according to the rules, each student can borrow no more than 5 books at a time for at most 10 days, and it is open from 9 a.m. to 7 p.m every day except weekends, which makes it convenient for us students to read in it or to borrow books from it.

the school library is our favorite place after class. we enjoy reading in it.

点评:该生作文属于第五档(23分)。考生充分理解了题目要求,带着一种自豪的语气但又很客观准确地介绍了学校图书馆。写作内容覆盖了两幅图中所有要点,在说明第一幅图时采用了选择中心坐标法,在说明第二幅图时将图书馆规则和便于学生使用结合起来,逻辑非常清晰,全文结构紧凑。该考生对倒装句、定语从句使用熟练恰当,行文流畅。完全达到了预期的写作目的。

【例文2】

dear bob,

thank you for your last latter asking about our library.

our library, which is surrounded by green trees, ①in the middle of our school, just behind the garden and in front of the teaching building. even though it has not

②there are quantities of books for us to read or to borrow. we can borrow books from

9 a.m. to 7 p.m. on ③are available too, but we can’t take them away.

点评:该生作文属于第四档(18分) 该文基本覆盖了所有主要内容,也应用了一些高级表达法和词汇,语言基本准确,但也出现了一些错误(文中①②③处)。第一幅图说明较好,采用了中心坐标法,但第二幅图在说明过程中缺乏一定的顺序和逻辑,只运用了简单的连接词and。总的说来完成了试题规定的任务,达到了预期的写作目的。

模拟练习

假如你叫李华,你的一位外籍朋友john要来你所在的城市工作,请你帮忙租一套公寓。请你根据下面两幅图中所提供的信息给他发电子邮件,向他介绍公寓情况。

字数:100字左右。开头结尾已为你写好,不计入总字数。

hi john,

i have found a suitable flat for you to stay in when you are working in my city. ___________

____________________________________________________________________________ yours,

li hua

参考答案

hi john,

i have found a suitable flat for you to stay in when you are working in my city. it is on the third floor of a four-storeyed building in nanhua street. it lies to the north of a beautiful park, with a hospital, a school, a shop and a post office all within walking distance, which makes it convenient for life. inside the flat, there is a sitting-room on the right hand side of the door, opposite to which is a dining-room and a kitchen. two bed-rooms lie on the east of the sitting-room and the dining-room, with a bathroom in between.

it’s a nice flat with all furniture and appliances. i hope you’ll be satisfied with it.

yours,

li hua

【如何说明一件事物的特点或优势】

写作要点

近两年高考英语书面表达中出现过要求学生介绍一个新开业的宾馆或一幅图画内容的说明文,这类说明文属于事物性说明文,其说明对象是具体事物,说明目的是使读者了解、认识这个事物的特点或优势。该类文章还可包括产品介绍、人物介绍、地点或景物介绍、图片说明、现象说明等。

事物类说明文多以提纲要点式和提纲表格式出现。考生在动笔前一定先要仔细审题,了解介绍和说明的目的。文章是写给什么人的?他关心的内容是什么?需要说明的主要对象是什么?应该以什么样的语气来写?头脑中有个大概认识之后再来看需要介绍的具体内容。

给文字提示的说明文,考生最容易写成逐句翻译,这样会严重影响得分。为避免这种现象发生,考生需要将所给要点根据一定的中心重新分类,用“同类合并”的方法把全文划分为几个相对独立的部分,并进而概括出每部分的大意,再用过渡词把每部分的大意连缀起来,就能比较清楚地显示出全文的说明顺序。比如介绍一个地点时,可以从它的位置规模人口、气候植被、旅游景点特产、工农业及重要性四个方面进行概括;介绍一件产品时,可以从物体的形状、规格大小、颜色和功能几个方来介绍;介绍一个人物时,可以从他的外貌年龄、学习工作经历、性格特点、行为举止四方面来说明。

在明确各段说明要点之后,使用什么说明顺序,还要看说明的对象。一般来说,说明事物的演变发展的,用时间顺序;说明建筑物,用空间顺序;介绍高科技产品或说明事物间的联系的,用逻辑顺序。

在语言使用方面,应尽量使语言显得客观公正,不要使用太多夸张的修饰词和表达个人观点的语句,因为你是在客观说明而不是发表议论。为达到这一效果,推荐考生多用被动句,句子不要太复杂,最好长短句结合,另外还要记住尽量使用第三人称。

好词好句推荐

1.过渡词

表顺序:first, second, third, in the first place, above all, at first, in the beginning, to begin with, besides, what’s more, in addition, furthermore, moreover, another, also, especially, in particular 表时间:first, then, next, after that, next, finally now, at present, recently, after, afterwards, after that, after a while, in a few days, form now on, from then on, at the same time, meanwhile, till, not…until, before, after, when, while, as during,

表示解释说明:for example, for instance, in this case, such as…, take… for example,in fact, actually

2. 常用句式:

1) …is a new kind of …produced by…, which is …

2) made of …, it is light, small, and easy to carry.

3) …containing much top and new technique is famous for its excellent quality and reasonable

price.

4) china is a large country with rich history and much population.

5) …, the capital of …, lies in the middle of …

6) it has an area of 160,000 square kilometers with a population of over 90 million.

7) it is rich in natural sources such as coal and gold and has mild weather.

8) …is located at the foot of/ by the side of …, to the east of…and to the north of…

9) … is provided for the convenience of customers/ visitors.

实战演练

07 年全国卷

一家宾馆新开业,为吸引外国宾客,希望在互联网上进行宣传,请你用英语为其写一篇文字篇三:英语说明文结构特点与阅读策略

英语说明文结构特点与阅读策略

1、说明文的特点

说明文用平实的语言客观地解释或探讨各种问题,如机器的制造过程、自然或社会现象产生的原因、工程项目的规划或问题的解决方案等等,介绍自然科学、社会科学领域的最新成果,社会经济发展过程中出现的新生事物等等。

2、说明顺序:时间顺序,空间顺序、逻辑顺序或认识顺序

3、说明方法:例如举例、分类法或类比、对比法,给事物下定义或分析事物产生的原因以及后果。

举例说明文使用例子说明事物阐明观点;分解展开法着重于事物的区别、差异,分类展开法则强调事物的相似之处;类比说明事物如何相似,对比说明事物如何不同;因果说明文表明事物发生的原因及结果。除了用文字说明以外,说明文中常常使用数据、图片等资料。

无论采用什么说明方法,作者都是为了说明事物的本质特征、清晰地展现所说明的事物。

因此,阅读说明文的关键是:抓住事物的特点,即抓住说明对象的本质特征。

以“goals”为题打开一篇说明文的思路。参考思路

1)目标的分类:(可根据时间顺序,空间顺序、逻辑顺序或认识顺序,任选一个进行分类和排列)

2)各个类别的特点和细节:

3)组织成文:

范文点评

goals

everyone has goals. many people do not reach their goals for lack of planning. these three sets of goals should be developed: lifetime, intermediate and short term. lifetime goals should be written out. these goals should be clear and reasonable.

f

对这些方法我们要了解并且掌握:

1. 定义法(definition)

定义法是用下定义的方式去揭示事物本质特征或概念内涵。它能使读者迅速抓住本质属性和基本特点。此法的句型:①? is a/the ? of ? which/that ?②? relate to/involve/refer to ?

【例】

2. 举例法(illustration)举例法就是举出实际事例来说明事物的方法,是最常见,往往也是最有效的阐释模式。

专家提醒

举例时应挑选具体、典型且有能力表达清楚的例子,并注意按照一定的顺序编排。

请看上述范文第二段:“for instance”引出“lifetime goals”的实例,如,赢得研究奖金、出版有影响书或文章、获得大学的系主任职位、获得国家自然科学基金及大公司稳定的顾问职位。

3. 分类法(classification)

分类法就是把说明的对象,按一定的标准划分成不同类别分别加以说明的方法。如:上述范文介绍人生的三种目标,并按照时间的长短对终生目标、长期目标和短期目标做了分类说明。

比较法是用一个事物和与其有联系的其他事物加以对比的说明方法。目的是为了帮助读者准确地区分事物,通过对比达到对该事物的深刻认识。如:上述范文对三种人生目标在时间上和实际*作上进行了比较,并阐明了彼此的联系。

(1)lifetime goals should be written out.

(2)like lifetime goals, these are measurable and clearly stated.

(3)these goals are more performance oriented, and they help with achievement of intermediate goals.

5. 数字法(statistics)

数字法是运用数据来表明事物的本质和特点,准确合理的数据使文章精确可信。

(2)and it seems sensible to wait. one quarter of all marriages between people under twenty-one

end in divorce. in *ritain in 1972, there were 124,248 divorces.

说明文的说明方法除上面介绍的常见的几种以外,还有诸如

分项法、列举法、比喻法及引用法等,只有综合运用多种说明方法,才能多角度、多层次地全面、清晰、准确地展示客观事物的本来面貌。

说明文结构特点:1 时态:多为一般现在时。 2:条理十分清晰;3 多为被动语态,表达客观的事物。出题特点:1 信息对应查找; 2 标题判断题; 3.生词词义判断题;4.代词指代判断题; 5 读者对象判断

★解题要旨:1 通读全文,把握文章行文特点; 2 题文对照,逐一筛选。

阅读理解解题方法指导——科普说明文

【解题说明】

这种题材的文章大部分是介绍科技前沿、科学动态、新的发明创造、科研方法,或是对某一个问题的来龙去脉和解决方法等加以介绍。作者的目的就是让读者获得知识、信息,对说明对象有所了解,并获得某些方面的启示。其特点如下:

1. 文章中会牵涉到实验、研究者、研究方法、在某项主题上的不同意见和争鸣,有时会出现读者还不熟悉的前沿性的科学题材,但作者一般持客观的态度,不显示自己的褒贬之意;

2. 此类文章为了做到通俗易懂,在语言上尽量避免使用专业性词汇,对于动词,做到这一点较轻易,但是有些专有名词则无法避免,不过,作者通常会对较难的专有名词进行解释,甚至举例说明,这往往也是出题的地方;

3. 在语法上,此类文章长句使用较多,主从复合句、同位语、插入语、非谓语动词形式和被动语态使用率较高;

4. 此类文章语篇模式一般比较固定、整洁,主题句通常位于段首,多使用平行结构。

【做题技巧】

针对科普文章的这些特点,首先我们平时要多关注科学题材的文章,了解一些基本的科普知识;其次,在阅读时要注重实验的目的和结果,不能凭想象和猜测下结论;对于较难理解的句子要利用语法结构去分析;最后,要利用文章特点找准主题句,把握中心,从而一一破解题目。

大学英语B作文万能模板

温馨提醒: 对于英语基础较差的同学,作文可采用背模板的方法应对。 以下模板仅适用于英语书面表达较差,到目前为止看到题目仍然无从下笔的同学。实属考前临时抱佛脚的无奈之举。 基础较好的同学,请按照题目要求与提示正常完成写作。 写作注意事项: 1、无论如何要写够字数80词 2、如果实在无法写出完整的符合语法的句子,可以按题目提示的中文顺序罗列你所知道的 英文单词 3、一时想不起如何拼写的英文单词,可以到阅读理解等题目中查找。 万能模板1:(适用所有作文类型) The topic of 此处抄写作文题目is becoming more and more popular recently. It is my thinking about this topic below. This First point is very important. 此处翻译题目的中文提示1(如果实在不会写,可抄写阅读理解中的句子两到三个凑数,如能做适当修改更好) This Second point is important, too. 此处翻译题目的中文提示2(如果实在不会写,可抄写阅读理解中的句子两到三个凑数,如能做适当修改更好) So I believe that we should pay more and more attention to this topic from now on. 万能模板2:(适用所有作文类型) I think it is very important to understand 此处抄写作文题目. Why? That’s because many people don’t understand it well enough nowadays. For one thing, 此处翻译题目的中文提示1(如果实在不会写,可抄写阅读理解中的意义有关联的句子两到三个凑数,如能做适当修改更好) For another, 此处翻译题目的中文提示2(如果实在不会写,可抄写阅读理解中的意义有关联的句子两到三个凑数,如能做适当修改更好) It is my point of view about此处抄写作文题目above. Let’s pay more and more attention to this together from now on. 万能模板3:(适用所有作文类型) I think此处抄写作文题目is an interesting topic. Many people around me are talking about this. In my opinion, we should understand 此处抄写作文题目like this. First, 此处翻译题目的中文提示1(如果实在不会写,可抄写阅读理解中的意义有关联的句子两到三个凑数,如能做适当修改更好) Second, 此处翻译题目的中文提示2(如果实在不会写,可抄写阅读理解中的意义有关联的句子两到三个凑数,如能做适当修改更好) In conclusion, let’s pay more and more attention to this together from now on. 万能模板4:(适用信件类作文) Dear **,

中考英语阅读理解-说明文练习(带答案)

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英语作文说明文

英语作文说明文 说明文类 写作指导 说明文的出题形式为文字提示或图表,文体有报道、投稿、书信等。写作步骤如下: 第一步:审题,确定主题句、主体时态(一般以现在时态为主)和中心人称; 第二步:在主题句后按提示顺序将各要点以完整的句子表达出来; 第三步:用过渡词将上下文的逻辑关系体现出来。 常用词有: ①表示时间:now, then, afterwards, soon, five minutes later,before long, shortly after that, soon after supper, to this day, just now, just then ②表示顺序、动作过程:first, firstly, first of all, second, secondly, at first, at last, next ③表示转折:but, yet, and yet, however, although, otherwise, in spite of ④表示结果:thus, therefore, so, as a result, seeing that, luckily, unfortunately ⑤表示强调:above all, indeed, surely, certainly, of course, after all, without any delay, at least, at most ⑥表示并列:and, also, as well as, and then ⑦表示递进:besides, what's more, in addition, even, once more, what was worse ⑧表示解释和说明:that is to say, namely, for example, actually, and so on, such as, believe it or not,to tell you the truth,according this, for this reason ⑨表示比较、对比:just like, just as, in the same way, more or less, sooner or later, on the contrary, on the other hand ⑩表示总结:finally, in conclusion, in a word, in general, generally speaking, in short, as you know, in the end 需要注意的是:使用上述过渡性词必须根据上下文需要的原则,力求自然,决不可牵强附会,让人感觉别扭。 精选范文 以“早起是好习惯”为题写篇议论文。请围绕以下几点来写: ①早起与健康; ②早起与学习; ③早起与一天的活动。 (字数80~120,要求自拟标题) Getting Up Early Is a Good Habit Getting up early is a good habit. It is very important to our health, our study, our life and so on. First, getting up early helps to keep us strong. We can do morning exercises in the open air in the morning and breathe fresh air to build our bodies. Second, getting up early helps us to memorize what we have learned in class by reading aloud in the morning. Third, getting up early can help us to find enough time to prepare our work of the day. If we stick to getting up early every day, it will do us a lot of good. 练习 ①某国际性英语刊物有一个介绍各国风俗习惯的专栏,请为该专栏写一篇短文,简单介绍中国的农历新年(春节)。请包括以下要点: a.春节是中国人的重要节日;

英语说明文阅读技巧

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Work sheet for reading expository articles说明文阅读理解学案 Reading guide In-class reading Passage 1 ①A Chinese scientist, He Jiankui of Southern University of Science and Technology, claimed in a video on Nov. 25, 2018 that he had used CRISPR-Cas9 to edit embryos for seven couples, with two twin girls resulting so far. He said his goal was to try to make the babies resistant to HIV. What's behind the creation? ②As he said, the tool He Jiankui used to create the babies is called CRISPR-Cas9—a gene-editing tool that has been discovered in recent years. This relatively easy way to edit genes makes it possible to operate on DNA to supply a needed gene or disable one that is causing problems. ③CRISPR is a guide molecule (分子) made of RNA, which targets a specific site on the DNA double helix (双螺旋). CRISPR is attached to Cas9, a bacterial enzyme(酶) that works as a pair of "molecular scissors" to cut the DNA at the exact point required. He Jiankui sought to disable a gene called CCR5 that forms a protein doorway that allows HIV, the virus that causes Aids, to enter a cell. ④He said the gene editing occurred during the following process. First, sperm was “washed” to separate it from semen, in which HIV can hide. Next, a single sperm was placed into a single egg to create an embryo. Then the gene-editing tool was added. Is this helpful? ⑤“I believe this is going to help the families and their children,” He Jiankui said. “Society will decide what to do next in terms of allowing or forbidding such science.” ⑥However, many mainstream scientists think it's too unsafe to try. “If true, this experiment is monstrous,” said Julian Savulescu, a professor of practical ethics at the University of Oxford. “Gene editing is experimental and capable of causing social and ethical problems.” 1. What is the purpose of the passage? 2. What do the underlined "that" in paragraph 3 refer to respectively? 3. What does the word “monstrous” mean in the last paragraph? 4. Which of the following statement is true? A. CRISPR-Cas9 was used in the first step of the creation. B. CRISPR made of a bacterial enzyme is used to edit certain genes. C. CCR5 is a protein that allows HIV to enter a cell. D. The chosen sperm should be processed first to avoid HIV virus. 5. What is the attitude of Professor Julian Savulescu mentioned in the last paragraph towards the claimed creation? 6. What is the author's attitude towards the claimed creation?

大学英语作文全)

作文范文 请以“How should parents help their children to be independent?”为题,按照以下要点写作: 1. 目前很多父母为子女包办一切 2. 其实父母应该。。。。。。 In recent years, the vast majority of Chinese parents tend to …… And most children …… According to a survey, of all the parents interviewed, over 80% ……and more than 85% ….. However, kids cannot depend on their parents forever because …… Besides, being independent …… Therefore, parents need to realize the importance of helping their children to be independent. Parents should encourage their children to …… By doing so, parents …… In addition, parents should urge their kids to …… For example, …… 范文 In recent years, the vast majority of Chinese parents tend to make arrangements and decisions for their children. And most children take such excessive attention for granted and depend on their parents for almost everything. According to a survey, of all the parents interviewed, over 80% still accompany their children to schools, even to examinations, and more than 85% do housework for their kids including cooking

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