Electronic Teaching Portfolio
Book Three
Unit Four: Sports
Part I Get Started
Section A Discussion
▇ Work in groups of threes or fours and discuss the following questions.
1.What’s your favorite sport? Why do you like it?
2.Which Olympic champion(s) has / have impressed you the most? Why?
3.Why are the Olympic Games so popular all over the world?
▇ Answers for reference:
1. A sample answer:
I am fond of swimming, which benefits me a lot. It keeps me fit, physically flexible and strong as well. It also builds up my endurance and persistence. I’m a member of our school’s swimming team. Participation in swimming contests has made me both competitive and cooperative. Meanwhile, I have made friends with many other swimmers.
2. A sample answer:
Liu Xiang impressed me most. He was the gold medalist of the men’s 110-meter hurdles in the Olympic Games in Athens, 2004. It was the first gold medal won by a man of yellow skin in the short distance race in the history of the Olympics.
3. A sample answer:
a. The Olympic Games offers excellent sportsmen worldwide a big arena in which to
demonstrate their talent in athletic performance. It also provides people with an opportunity to enjoy the performances and witness the thrilling moments of record-breaking in history.
b. The competition for the medals in every event is fierce and breathtaking, but it is carried out
under the rules of fair play. The Olympics is also an occasion to uphold the human ideals of equality, cooperation and peace.
c. The Olympic motto ―Swifter, Higher and Stronger‖ inspires both athletes and common folks
alike to outperform themselves so as to fulfill their dreams.
Section B Quotes
▇Study the following quotes about sports. Which quote do you like best? Why?
George F. Will
⊙ Sports serve society by providing vivid examples of excellence.
— George F. Will Interpretation:
In the sports circle we find distinguished men and women who, with their athletic skills, sportsmanship and undaunted spirit, provide perfect examples for people of different walks of life who wish to excel others and prove their own value.
About George F. Will (1942- ): a well-known American editor and columnist. His newspaper column appears in 480 newspapers, and his biweekly Newsweek column is widely read. He is also a political commentator on ABC (American Broadcasting Corporation). In 1977 he won the Pulitzer Prize for Commentary.
Bill Bowerman
⊙ The athlete makes himself; the coach doesn’t make the athlete.
— Bill Bowerman Interpretation:
Bill Bowerman tells us from his own experience that the making of a successful athlete does not depend solely on the coach. No athlete can excel others if he or she does not train hard and strive for excellence.
About Bill Bowerman (1911-1999): a legendary coach at the University of Oregon. He developed and guided 24 NCAA [National Collegiate Athletic Association (美国全国高等院校体育协会)] individual champions, won four national team titles and coached the U.S. track and field team in the 1972 Olympic Games. In 16 of his 24 years at Oregon his track teams finished in the top ten in the NCAA championships. He is also famous for turning the college town of Eugene, Oregon, into the running capital of the world.
Juan Antonio Samaranch
⊙ Throughout its history, the International Olympic Committee has struggled to spread its ideal of fraternity, friendship, peace and universal understanding.
— Juan Antonio Samaranch Interpretation:
Samaranch speaks of the mission of the International Olympic Committee, which is to promote peace, understanding, brotherhood and friendship among people of different nations and countries.
About Juan Antonio Samaranch (1920-2010): a well-known Spanish sports official and was President of the International Olympic Committee (IOC) from 1980 to 2001. During his presidency, he managed to make the Olympic Movement financially healthy, with big television deals and sponsorships.
⊙ The goal of Olympism is to place everywhere sport at the service of the harmonious (和谐的) development of man, with a view to (旨在) encouraging the establishment of a peaceful society
concerned with the preservation (维护) of human dignity. To this effect, the Olympic Movement engages, alone or in cooperation with other organizations and within the limits of its means, in actions to promote peace.
— From The Olympic Charter Interpretation:
In this quote from the Olympic Charter, the goal of the Olympics is made clear: Sports should serve the harmonious development of mankind, and sports should help build up world peace. Section C Watching and Discussion
▇Watch the following video clip “Inspirational Sport Speeches” and do the tasks that follow: 1.Please decide whether each of the following statements is true (T) or false (F) based on the
information in the video clip.
( F ) Winning a game is done by having nothing in your mind.
( T ) To play well in a game, you need to cooperate with your team members.
( T ) Being confident and working hard are necessary to be winners.
( T ) You should keep moving forward no matter what happens.
( F ) In a game, you might get hit and die.
2.Did anyone say any encouraging words to you and help you to achieve your goal? Or did
you find any inspirational words which contribute to your achievement? Please share them with your classmates.
Answers for reference:
Open.
Script：
Great moments are born from great opportunity.
You shouldn’t have any doubt in your mind about what you are supposed to do tonight and about how you are supposed to do it. This is your time. Now, I don’t want them to gain another yard. We gotta go out there and we gotta take it. Take their game and you shove it right back in their face. That’s how winning is done.
Team is something you belong to, something you feel, something you have to earn. If we don’t come together, it’s over. And I guarantee a week won’t go by in your life you won’t regret, walking out letting them get the best of you.
I’ll ask you one last time. To be the best that you could be. Play like champions. Win.
It’s about heart. It’s about who can go out there and play the hardest. It’s about how hard you can get hit and keep moving forward. I don’t care what the scoreboard says at the end of the game. In my book we’re gonna be winners.
In any fight it’s the guy who’s willing to die, willing to take the hits, who’s going to win that inch.
Let me tell you something, you don’t let anyone, nothing, come between us.
On this team we fight and we shut them down, because we can.
Part II Listen and Respond
Section A Word Bank
tip n. [C] a helpful piece of advice忠告；建议
take advantage of use a particular situation to do or get what one wants利用
ideally ad. perfectly; most suitably 理想地；完美地
aerobic exercise a type of exercise intended to strengthen the heart and lungs 有氧健身运动start off begin an activity 开始
endurance n. [U]the ability to suffer difficulties or pain with strength and patience （忍）耐力
workout n. a period of physical exercise that one does to keep fit 锻炼，训练
hydrate vt. [often pass.] supply sb./sth. with water to keep them healthy and in good condition [常用被动语态]提供或补充水分
fluid n. [C; U] tech a liquid〖术语〗流体；液（体）
faint a. weak and about to lose consciousness虚弱得发晕的
Section B Task One: Focusing on the Main Ideas
▇Choose the best answer to complete each of the following statements according to the information contained in the listening passage.
1. Jogging is a good way to exercise because ________.
A)it is healthier than any other type of exercise
B)it is less tiring than any other type of exercise
C)it does not need special equipment
D)it does not need a lot of time or effort
2. When you start jogging, you should ________.
A)jog with somebody else
B)keep a suitable pace until you are strong enough
C)keep jogging for more than an hour
D)push yourself a bit hard to test your endurance
3. To increase your jogging pace, you may choose to jog ________.
A)uphill
B)downhill
C)on a flat surface
D)uphill, then downhill
4. It is a good suggestion to ________.
A)start jogging even if you have a full stomach
B)drink cold water if you jog on hot days
C)stop jogging if the weather is too cold or too hot
D)breathe through your nose in cold weather
5. This passage is mainly about ________.
A)the benefits of exercise
B)the advantages of jogging
C)some useful tips for jogging
D)ways of keeping fit
▇ Key:
1. C
2. B
3. A
4. D
5. C
Section C Task Two: Zooming In on the Details
Listen to the recording again and fill in each of the blanks according to what you have heard.
1) Most __________________ are capable of jogging without extra help.
2) Pushing yourself too hard can be _________, especially if you are jogging alone.
3) Running downhill is actually worse for your _________ than running on a flat surface.
4) To start jogging, wait ____________________________________ after eating.
5) Be careful if you jog in _________ heat or cold. If it is hot, drink __________________ and
stop to _________ if you feel faint. If it is cold, protect your ___________________________.
▇ Answers for reference:
1) Most healthy individuals are capable of jogging without extra help.
2) Pushing yourself too hard can be dangerous, especially if you are jogging alone.
3) Running downhill is actually worse for your knees than running on a flat surface.
4) To start jogging, wait at least thirty minutes after eating.
5) Be careful if you jog in extreme heat or cold. If it is hot, drink extra water and stop to rest if
you feel faint. If it is cold, protect your hands and feet.
Script:
Jogging
These days it is not easy to find the time to exercise. Nonetheless, doing exercise regularly can help you live a healthier and happier life. Jogging is a great way to get at least part of the exercise your body needs, and most healthy individuals are capable of jogging without the need to buy special exercise equipment.
There are a few jogging tips to keep in mind if you plan to take advantage of these benefits. The first tip is that running should ideally be an aerobic exercise. Starting off, you should find a pace at which you can jog for about half an hour. Try to keep this pace each time you jog until you have worked your way up to a full hour. Then, if you still want to keep building endurance, begin to increase your pace. Always be careful not to push yourself too hard; doing so can be dangerous, especially if you are jogging alone.
Once you have gained enough strength and endurance and started to consider increasing your pace, however, you should consider other options first. Anyone who knows great jogging tips can tell you that jogging, though great exercise, is not always good to your knees. Consider jogging on a route that takes you up more hills if you are looking for a more intense workout. Running downhill is actually worse for your knees than running on a flat surface.
In addition, it is important to be hydrated when you jog, but you should not have a stomach full of water. Wait at least thirty minutes after drinking any fluids or eating to start jogging. Also be careful jogging in extreme heat or cold. If it is hot, drink extra water and stop to rest if you feel faint. If it is cold, make sure your hands and feet are protected and try to breathe through your nose as much as possible to warm your breath before it reaches your lungs. Jogging can be a great form of exercise, but you should always do it safely.
Part III Read and Explore
Text A
Section A Discovering the Main Ideas
Exercise 1: Answer the following questions with the information contained in Text A.
1) Why wasn’t Owens worried in the face of Hitler’s ―master race‖ theory?
2) What made Owens angry with Hitler? What was the consequence of his anger?
3) How did Luz Long help Owens?
4) How was it that Owens and Long formed a real friendship during the Games although they
were rivals in the competition?
5) Why did Owens think Long was the perfect example of what Pierre de Coubertin had
conceived of as the spirit of the Games?
▇ Answers for reference:
1) He had been well-prepared and had performed very well especially in the running broad
jump. In fact, a year before, as a sophomore at Ohio State University, he had set the world’s record of 26 feet 8-1/4 inches. That’s why he was confident and very sure of his success in this event.
2) Hitler had intentionally kept the world in the dark about an excellent athlete by the name of
Luz Long, who had a good chance of winning the running broad jump. If Long won, Hitler would prove to the world that Aryans were better than any other races. Hitler’s intention angered Owens. The consequence of his anger was that he made mistakes twice in the three qualifying jumps.
3) Long reassured Owens that he didn’t believe in Hitler’s theory. Then he offered Owens a
useful tip to avoid fouling again in the third qualifying jump.
4) Despite the fact that they were fierce competitors, Long helped Owens qualify for the finals,
which meant Long himself might miss the gold medal. Then they poured out their hearts, sharing their views on life and sports. When Owens won, Long congratulated him heartily and sincerely. Their friendship was thus forged.
5) Because what Long did for Owens well illustrates the Olympic spirit advocated by Pierre de
Coubertin, founder of the modern Olympic Games. According to him, the important thing in the Games is not winning but taking part. This spirit is also true of life, the essence of which is not conquering but fighting well.
Exercise 2: Text A can be divided into three parts with the paragraph number(s) of each part provided as follows. Write down the main idea of each part.
Part Para(s). Main Idea
One1-5 Jesse Owens was determined to get gold medals at the 1936 Olympic Games, especially in the running broad jump where he had already set the world record. Due to his anger with Hitler and the tension arising from it, however, he fouled twice in the first two qualifying jumps. He would probably fail to qualify for the finals.
Two6-18 With Luz Long’s help, Owens overcame his tension. He qualified for the finals and won the gold medal eventually. Major rivals as they were, they formed a true friendship despite the anger of Hitler.
Three 19 Owens cherished his friendship with Long dearly and in the meantime he realized that Long perfectly symbolized the Olympic spirit—not winning but taking part.
Section B In-Depth Study
At the 1936 Olympic Games, Jesse Owens, a black athlete from America, amazed the world by winning four gold medals, including the one for his achievement in the broad jump. Now Owens tells this story about putting differences aside for the spirit of the Games. His well-cherished friendship with the German broad jumper Luz Long bears out the Olympic spirit, which is, in Pierre de Coubertin’s words, “The important thing in the Olympic Games is not winning but taking part. The essential thing in life is not conquering but fighting well.”
My Greatest Olympic Prize
Jesse Owens
1 It was the summer of 1936. The Olympic Games were being held in Berlin. Because Adolf Hitler childishly insisted that his performers were members of a ―master race,‖ nationalistic feelings were at an all-time high.
2 I wasn’t too worried about all this. I’d trained, sweated and disciplined myself for six years, with the Games in mind. While I was going over on the boat, all I could think about was taking home one or two of those gold medals. I had my eye especially on the running broad jump. A year before, as a sophomore at Ohio State University, I’d set the world’s record of 26 feet 8-1/4 inches. Everyone kind of expected me to win that Olympic event hands down.
3 I was in for a surprise. When the time came for the broad-jump trials, I was startled to see a tall boy hitting the pit at almost 26 feet on his practice leaps! He turned out to be a German named Luz Long. I was told that Hitler had kept him under wraps, evidently hoping to win the jump with him.
4 I guessed that if Long won, it would add some new support to the Nazis’ Aryan-superiority theory. After all, I am a Negro. A little hot under the collar about Hitler’s ways, I determined to go out there and really show Der Fuhrer and his master race who was superior and who wasn’t.
5 An angry athlete is an athlete who will make mistakes, as any coach will tell you. I was no exception. On the first of my three qualifying jumps, I leaped from several inches beyond the take-off board for a foul. On the second jump, I fouled even worse. ―Did I come 3,000 miles for this?‖ I thought bitterly. ―To foul out of the trials and make a fool of myself?‖
6 Walking a few yards from the pit, I kicked disgustedly at the dirt. Suddenly I felt a hand on my shoulder. I turned to look into the friendly blue eyes of the tall German broad jumper. He had easily qualified for the finals on his first attempt. He offered me a firm handshake.
7 ―Jesse Owens, I’m Luz Long. I don’t think we’ve met.‖ He spoke English well, though with
a German twist to it.
8 ―Glad to meet you,‖ I said. Then, trying to hide my nervousness, I added, ―How are you?‖
9 ―I’m fine. The question is: How are you?‖
10 ―What do you mean?‖ I asked.
11 ―Something must be eating you,‖ he said—proud the way foreigners are when they’ve mastered a bit of American slang. ―You should be able to qualify with your eyes closed.‖
12 ―Believe me, I know it,‖ I told him—and it felt good to say that to someone.
13 For the next few minutes we talked together. I didn’t tell Long what was ―eating‖ me, but he seemed to understand my anger, and he took pains to reassure me. Although he’d been schooled in the Nazi youth movement, he didn’t believe in the Aryan-supremacy business any more than I did. We laughed over the fact that he really looked the part, though. An inch taller than I, he had
a lean, muscular frame, clear blue eyes, blond hair and a strikingly handsome, chiseled face. Finally, seeing that I had calmed down somewhat, he pointed to the take-off board.
14 ―Look,‖ he said. ―Why don’t you draw a line a few inches in back of the board and aim at making your take-off from there? You’ll be sure not to foul, and you certainly ought to jump far enough to qualify. What does it matter if you’re not first in the trials? Tomorrow is what counts.‖15 Suddenly all the tension seemed to ebb out of my body as the truth of what he said hit me. Confidently, I drew a line a full foot in back of the board and proceeded to jump from there. I qualified with almost a foot to spare.
16 That night I walked over to Luz Long’s room in the Olympic village to thank him. I knew that if it hadn’t been for him I probably wouldn’t be jumping in the finals the following day. We sat in his quarters and talked for two hours—about track and field, ourselves, the world situation,
a dozen other things.
17 When I finally got up to leave, we both knew that a real friendship had been formed. Luz would go out to the field the next day trying to beat me if he could. But I knew that he wanted me to do my best—even if that meant my winning.
18 As it turned out, Luz broke his own past record. In doing so, he pushed me on to a peak performance. I remember that at the instant I landed from my final jump—the one which set the Olympic record of 26 feet 5-5/16 inches—he was at my side, congratulating me. Despite the fact that Hitler glared at us from the stands not a hundred yards away, Luz shook my hand hard—and it wasn’t a fake―smile with a broken heart‖ sort of grip, either.
19 You can melt down all the gold medals and cups I have, and they couldn’t be a plating on the 24-carat friendship I felt for Luz Long at that moment. I realized then, too, that Luz was the perfect example of what Pierre de Coubertin, founder of the modern Olympic Games, must have had in mind when he said, ―The important thing in the Olympic Games is not winning but taking part. The essential thing in life is not conquering but fighting well.‖
▇课文参考译文
我最珍贵的奥运奖牌
杰西·欧文斯
1 那是1936年的夏天。奥林匹克运动会正在柏林举行。阿道夫·希特勒天真地坚持认为自己的运动员来自―优等民族‖，这使得民族主义情绪空前高涨。
2 对这一形势我并不十分忧虑。六年来，我训练、流汗、严于律己，头脑里装的就是奥运会。我乘船渡海，所思所想的就是夺一两枚金牌回家。我尤其期待跳远项目的冠军。一年前，当我还是俄亥俄州立大学二年级学生的时候，就以26英尺8.25英寸的成绩打破了世界纪录。人人都有些许期待：我在这个奥运项目上会轻而易举地夺冠。
3 事情却令我措手不及。跳远预赛的时间到了，我看见一个高个子男孩在跳远练习时以近乎26英尺的成绩跳入沙坑，这让我震惊！原来他是德国人，叫卢兹·朗。我听说，希特勒一直将其雪藏，明显是希望他赢了跳远项目。
4 我暗自思量，卢兹·朗若赢，定会为纳粹的―雅利安人优越‖理论增添新的证据。我毕竟是一个黑人。我对希特勒的做法有点恼火，决定去拼搏，让这个纳粹元首、让他的优等民族实实在在地看看孰优孰劣。
5 带着怒气的运动员会犯错，任何教练都会这样说。我不例外。三轮资格赛的第一轮，我越过跳板几英寸起跳，犯规了。第二次起跳，违规程度更严重。―我越洋三千英里，难
道就为了这个结局？‖我痛悔地想，―就为了在预赛犯规出局，出尽洋相吗？‖
6 我离开沙坑，走了几码，憎恶地踢地上的土。突然，我感到有一只手放在我的肩头。我扭头，看到一双友善的蓝眼睛，正是那个高个子德国跳远运动员。他在第一轮预赛中已然轻松地获得决赛资格。他紧紧地握住我的手。
7 ―杰西·欧文斯，我是卢兹·朗。我想，我们是初次见面。‖他的英语说得很好，尽管带有德语口音。
8 ―很高兴见到你，‖我说。为了竭力掩饰内心的紧张，我接着说：―你好吗？‖
9 ―我很好。问题是：你怎么样？‖
10 ―你想说什么？‖我问。
11 ―一定有什么事儿让你心神不安，‖他说，显现一副外国人掌握了一点儿美国俚语的那种得意神情。―你本来闭着眼睛也能获得决赛资格。‖
12 ―说真的，这一点我也知道，‖ 我对他说道——这句话对人说出来，感觉不错。
13 我们一起聊了几分钟。我没有告诉他是什么在―吞噬‖我，然而他好像理解我的愤怒，就千方百计消除我的焦虑。他虽然一直在纳粹的青年运动中接受教育，却和我一样，不相信雅利安人种优越论。当然，他看起来的确很有优势，这一事实让我俩开怀大笑。他高我一英寸，身体精瘦，肌肉发达，明亮清澈的蓝眼睛，金黄的头发，棱角分明、非常英俊的面庞。最后，他看我稍稍安静下来，就用手指着起跳板。
14 ―看，‖他说, ―为什么不在跳板后面数英寸处画一条线,尝试从那里起跳？你肯定不会犯规，而且肯定应该能跳出足以获得决赛资格的成绩。预赛不得第一名，有什么关系呢？明天才是最重要的。‖
15 我领会了他话中的真谛，所有的紧张情绪仿佛突然从我身上退去。我信心百倍，在跳板后足足一英尺处画了一条线，接下来就从那里起跳。我以几乎超出一英尺的成绩获得决赛资格。
16 那天晚上，我走到卢兹·朗在奥运村的房间向他致谢。我知道，若没有他，我不可能参加第二天跳远项目的决赛。在他的住处，我们坐着谈了两个小时——讨论田径、我们自己、世界形势还有许多别的事情。
17 最后，我起身告辞，此时我们都知道真正的友谊已经建立。第二天，卢兹将走上田赛场尽全力打败我。但是，我知道他希望我发挥最佳水平——即使这意味着将夺冠的是我。
18 卢兹最终打破了自己的历史记录。他这么做，也激励我攀登成绩的巅峰。我依然记得，在我最后一跳落地时——这一跳把奥运纪录推向26英尺5.31英寸——他就在我身边祝贺我。尽管希特勒在距离不到100码的看台上对我们怒目而视，卢兹依然使劲地握住我的手，这一握绝非那种―伤心欲绝却强颜欢笑‖的虚情假意。
19 在那一刻，我对卢兹的纯真情谊如同24克拉的宝石，即使熔化我毕生的金牌金杯，都不足以为这颗宝石镀上一层金光。我接着体会到，现代奥运的奠基人皮埃尔·德·顾拜旦当年头脑里正是孕育着卢兹这样的完美形象才说道：―奥运最重要的不是夺冠而是参与。生命最重要的不是征服而是奋力拼搏。‖
Good Usage （Paras. 1-2）
childishly insisted
nationalistic feelings
at an all-time high
disciplined myself
with the Games in mind
was going over on the boat
had my eye especially on
set the world’s record of
win that Olympic event hands down Good Usage （Paras. 3-4）
was in for a surprise
hitting the pit at almost 26 feet
kept him under wraps
add some new support to
hot under the collar about
Good Usage （Paras. 5-6）
was no exception
qualifying jumps
foul out of the trials
make a fool of myself
look into the friendly blue eyes of easily qualified for the finals
on his first attempt
offered me a firm handshake
Good Usage （Paras.7-12）Something must be eating you.
be able to qualify with your eyes closed Good Usage （Paras.13-14）
took pains to reassure me
not… any more than
laughed over the fact
looked the part
a lean, muscular frame
a strikingly handsome, chiseled face What does it matter if …?
Tomorrow is what counts.
Good Usage （Paras.15-16）
the tension…ebb out of
the truth of what he said hit me
Good Usage （Paras.17-18）
broke his own past record
pushed me on to a peak performance a fake smile with a broken heart
Good Usage （Para. 19）
melt down all the gold medals and cups
the 24-carat friendship I felt for
have had …in mind
not winning but taking part
not conquering but fighting well
Key Words and Expressions for Text A
all-time a.being the greatest, biggest, most, etc., ever known 前所未闻的；空前的
e.g. 1. After nearly a month of heavy rain, the water in the lake had reached an all-time high.
2. The president's popularity nationally is at an all-time low.
总统在全国的人气目前正处于历史最低点。
discipline vt. train or develop, esp. in self-control and obedience训练；训导；管教
e.g. 1. Though (he is) very busy, he disciplines himself to exercise at least twice a week.
2. Out on the golf course you must discipline yourself to let go of detailed theory.
在高尔夫球场上，你必须训练自己做到不拘泥于细枝末节的理论。
have one’s eye on sth. infml have sth. as an aim; have a wish for sth.〖非正式〗以……为目标；想要……
e.g. 1. Jack isn’t content with his present job, so he has his eye on a new one.
2. Mark has his eye on the captaincy of the basketball team.
马克一心想当那支篮球队的队长。
kind of infml in a certain way; rather; slightly 〖非正式〗有点儿；有几分；相当
e.g.1. I was kind of disappointed when I found that my mailbox was still empty.
2. It was kind of strange to see him again.
再看到他有点奇怪。
win (sb./ sth.) hands down infml win sb. or sth. very easily 〖非正式〗轻易取胜
e.g.1. Your team is much stronger than theirs; it’s obvious that you’ll win them hands down.
2. If she's on her game, she can win the match hands down.
如果竞技状态好的话，她可以轻而易举地赢得这场比赛。
be in for be about to have (sth. unpleasant) 肯定会经历，注定要遭受（不愉快的事情）
e.g.1. I’m afraid we’re in for a storm.
2. Whoever breaks the school windows will be in for trouble!
无论谁打破了学校的窗子，都要受罚。
under wraps infml kept secret from the public〖非正式〗不公开的；不对外泄漏的
e.g.1. The documents about this research project will be kept under wraps for ten years.
2. As introduction day approached, the dealers would keep their new cars under wraps.
样车介绍之日临近，承销商会把他们的新车严密地裹起来。
hot under the collar angry or excited and ready to argue恼怒的，气冲冲的
e.g. 1. Fred will get hot under the collar if you play a joke on his younger sister.
2. He became hot under the collar when he realized that he had been cheated.
当他意识到自己被骗时，不禁勃然大怒。
qualify vi. [(for)] be of a high enough standard to enter a competition [常与for连用]获得参赛资格
e.g. 1. Our team didn’t perform well enough to qualify for the second round of the competition.
2. You must qualify yourself for the post.
你必须使自己具备担任这一工作的资格。
make a fool of oneself behave unwisely or in a silly way and lose people’s respect出丑，闹笑话
e.g. 1. I really made a fool of myself when I presented a bunch of roses to Judy, who
surprisingly turned round to kiss the young man behind her.
2. If you go to the wedding in this dress, you'll make a fool of yourself.
你要是穿这件衣服去参加婚礼，你会出丑的。
look the part have the appearance of being a particular kind of person看上去像某一类人
e.g. 1. He’s a very successful businessman, but he doesn’t really look the part, wearing a pair
of worn-out shoes and driving an old car.
2. You'd never guess he was a security guard – he doesn't look the part at all.
你根本就猜不到他是保安，他看上去不是干这一行的。
proceed vi. [(to, with)] rather fml begin or continue in a course of action or set of actions [常与to或with连用]〖较正式〗着手；继续进行
e.g. 1. Angela had a cup of tea and proceeded to tell us every detail about what had happened
to her husband during the war.
2. We're not sure whether we still want to proceed with the sale.
我们不确定是否还要继续减价促销。
CF: advance, progress, proceed, move on, go
这些动词均含―前进，行进，进展‖之意。
advance主要用于具体的人或物，也可指科学技术和运动等。
progress指按某一既定目标前进，取得发展，目的性很明确，强调经常和稳定地前进。
proceed侧重指继续前进。
move on 非正式用语，侧重从某一停止点向某地前进，但不表示前进的目的地。
go最常用词，含义宽泛而不确切，依上文确定其具体意思。
congratulate vt. [(on)] express one’s pleasure, praise, or admiration for (sb.) because of a happy event or sth. successfully done [常与on连用]祝贺，向……道贺
e.g. 1. My friends congratulated me on having passed the swimming test.
2. She congratulated him on the birth of his son.
她祝贺他喜得贵子。
CF: celebrate, congratulate
这两个动词均有―庆祝，祝贺‖之意。
celebrate通常指举行盛大隆重的仪式庆祝或纪念有意义的日子或某件事情，多暗示节日般的欢乐场面。
congratulate指对他人祝贺为目的，希望他人幸福或走运。
despite prep.fml in spite of; not prevented by〖正式〗不管；尽管，任凭
e.g. 1. She went on with her training despite the fact that her doctor had told her to rest.
2. Despite a thorough investigation, no trace of Dr Southwell has been found.
尽管进行了彻底的调查，还是没有发现索思韦尔博士的任何踪迹。
Collocation:
despite oneself 不由自主地；身不由己地
e.g. Despite herself Fran felt a ripple of appreciation for his beauty.
弗兰不由自主地欣赏他的勃勃英姿。
CF: despite, in spite of, notwithstanding
这些前置词或前置短语都含有―虽然，尽管‖之意。
despite书面用词，指不受某事或某种原因的阻碍，语气轻于in spite of。
in spite of在这些词中语气最强，可与despite换用，口语或书面语中均可使用。
notwithstanding语气最弱，仅表示一种障碍的存在。
fake a. made and intended to deceive假（装）的，冒充的，伪造的
e.g. 1. She likes to wear fake diamond necklaces and always keeps the real ones in her safe.
2. He looked like a postman but he was really a fake one.
他看上去像个邮递员，但实际上是个骗子。
CF: fake, false
这两个形容词都含有―假的‖之意。
fake指某物不是真的。
false指某物与真的相像，强调看上去像真的，不一定用作冒充、谎骗。
grip n. a very tight, forceful hold紧握
e.g. 1. Don’t loosen your grip on the rope or you’ll fall.
2. To improve your tennis strokes you try using a different grip.
为了提高你网球的击球法，你试试用另一种握拍方法。
Collocation:
come / get to grips with 与……战斗
e.g. British forces never came to grips with the enemy.
英国部队从未与敌人交过手。
get a grip （非正式）保持（或恢复）自控能力，控制住自己
e.g. Get a grip, guys!
冷静点，伙计们。
get / take a grip on 控制，支配
e.g. Hypochondria began to take a grip on him.
他开始陷入莫名的忧郁之中。
in the grip of 受……的控制（或支配）
e.g. Britain was in the grip of a nostalgia boom.
英国笼罩着日趋浓厚的怀旧氛围。
CF: take, grasp, grab, grip, clasp, clutch, snatch, seize
这些动词均有―抓住，握紧‖之意。
take最普通用词，不带感情色彩。指用手抓、取某东西或控制某物。
grasp指紧紧抓住、抓牢。
grab指粗暴而急迫的抓住。
grip语气比grasp强，指用手的最大力量紧紧抓住。
clasp指用手紧握或用臂紧抱。
clutch强调匆忙、紧急地抓、抓紧。
snatch指突然抢走，侧重动作更快或更具暴力性质。
seize指突然抓住某物，强调突然的猛烈动作。
melt down make (a metal object) liquid by heating, esp. so as to use the metal again熔化掉(金属物)
e.g. 1. During wartime many of the city’s bronze statues were melted down and used to make weapons.
2. A lot of scrap metal can be melted down and used again.
大量金属碎片可以熔化进行再利用。
Difficult Sentences for Text A
1)While I was going over on the boat, all I could think about was taking home one or two of
those gold medals. (Para. 2)
Q：What is the implied meaning of the italicized part of the sentence?
A：Since I had made sufficient preparation for the Games by training and disciplining myself for six years, I was fully confident of winning in the Games.
Q：Please translate the sentence into Chinese.
A：我乘船渡海，所思所想的就是夺一两枚金牌回家。
2)I was in for a surprise. (Para. 3)
Q：What is the meaning of the sentence?
A：When everyone believed I would easily win the gold medal, and while I myself was fully confident, I was going to be shocked by the real challenge: a German athlete who performed so well that he stood a good chance of winning the gold medal in the running broad jump. It turned out that Hitler, for the sake of his political purpose, had intentionally kept this athlete unknown to the world.
Q：Please translate the sentence into Chinese.
A：事情却令我措手不及。
3)You should be able to qualify with your eyes closed. (Para. 11)
Q：What is the meaning of the sentence?
A：I know the trials are only too easy for you, so what stands in your way of qualifying for the finals is not lack of competence but something emotional.
Q：Please translate the sentence into Chinese.
A：你本来闭着眼睛也能获得决赛资格。
4)We laughed over the fact that he really looked the part, though. (Para. 13)
Q：What is the meaning of the sentence?
A：In stature(身高) and appearance he did look the very image of the perfect Aryan portrayed in Nazi propaganda, which we both found amusing, given that neither of us believed in Hitler’s Aryan-superiority theory.
Q：Please translate the sentence into Chinese.
A：当然，他看起来的确很有优势，这一事实让我俩开怀大笑。
5)But I knew that he wanted me to do my best—even if that meant my winning.(Para. 17)
Q：What is the meaning of the sentence?
A：In Long’s eyes, taking part and doing one’s best was far more important than winning the gold medal. Even if he knew that he would lose the gold medal if I won, he still cherished the hope that I would try my best and achieve my peak performance in the finals the next day.
Q：Please translate the sentence into Chinese.
A：但是，我知道他希望我发挥最佳水平——即使这意味着将夺冠的是我。
6)…it wasn’t a fake ―smile with a broken heart‖ sort of grip,…(Para. 18)
Q：What is the meaning of the sentence?
A：Long congratulated me with genuine happiness. He was not jealous of my achievements but very truly pleased and proud of me.
Q：Please translate the sentence into Chinese.
A：这一握绝非那种―伤心欲绝却强颜欢笑‖的虚情假意。
Extended Questions
▇ Extended questions (Paras.1-2)
Q: What does ―master race‖ mean?
A: A master race is a race of people who believe that they are superior to all other races and therefore have the right to control or rule over others. Hitler and the Nazis believed that the Aryan race, to which Germans belonged, were the master race.
▇ Extended questions (Paras.3-4)
Q: What do you think of Hitler’s intention of keeping Luz Long under wraps?
A: I think it was a crafty plot of Hitler’s. He meant to take advantage of the Olympic Games to prove his Aryan-superiority theory and his intention of making athletes serve his political purpose ran counter to the Olympic spirit.
▇ Extended questions (Paras.13-14)
Q: What do you think of Long’s coming to encourage Owens, a rival player?
A: Despite the fact that Hitler was advocating his ―Aryan-superiority‖ theory, Long came to see his rival competitor, a black athlete, and tried to encourage him. It was indeed an act of bravery and good sportsmanship. He displayed admirable courage, generosity and altruistic spirit.
▇ Extended questions (Paras.17-18)
Q: What can you learn from the friendship and rivalry between Long and Owens?
A: As a friend, Long helped and encouraged Owens, pushing him on to a peak performance.
Besides, after Owens set a new world record, Long expressed his sincere congratulations. It was a totally altruistic act. On the other hand, as rivals, both Owens and Long tried to bring out their best in the competition. Their rivalry reveals their keen sense of fair play as well as good sportsmanship, which accords well with the fundamental principles of the Olympic Games.
▇ Extended questions (Para.19)
Q: How do you understand what Pierre de Coubertin said about the Olympic Games?
A: Participation is more meaningful than winning gold medals because if participation is valued, athletes will focus on bringing out their best instead of having their eyes on the medals only.
It is also true of life where our goal does not lie in the final conquest but in the process of fighting. We derive more happiness from the process rather than from the end result. Section C Voicing Your Views
▇Numerous athletes in the Olympic history have inspired us in various ways. Their greatness does not lie in the number of gold medals they have won but in the spirit they have displayed. Work in groups and do the following tasks.
1. Tell a story about such an athlete or an athletic team.
For example:
At the 2008 Summer Olympics, Pavle Kostov and his Croatian teammates Petar Cupa?, Ivan Bulaja made a spectacular decision during the final sailing race. When Danish sailors Jonas Warrer and Martin Kirketerp were about to win the gold medal, their mast broke in high winds on the way to the start line of the final race. The Croatian team lent their boat to the Danes, who went on to win a gold medal. This inspiring story demonstrates the Croatian team’s good sportsmanship, and for this, Pavle Kostov and his teammates won the Pierre de Coubertin medal in November, 2008.
Answers for reference:
Open.
2. Discuss what qualities are demonstrated by the athletes mentioned in your group and then explain what is meant by the Olympic spirit. Here are some hints:
They have such qualities as In our eyes, the Olympic spirit highlights
1) passionate love for sports;
2) utmost efforts to do well;
3) an acute sense of fair play;
4) a strong will to overcome difficulties;
5) good wish to promote world peace; 1) cooperation and teamwork;
2) mutual understanding with a spirit of
friendship, solidarity and fair play;
3) the will to build a peaceful and better world;
4) the concept of being
… ―swifter, higher, stronger‖;
…
Answers for reference:
Open.
Text B
Section A Key Words and Expressions
Key Words:
flash vt. spin v.consultant n.champion n. initial https://www.doczj.com/doc/a66078297.html,pete vi.narrowly ad.confess vt. feature vt.trip vi.barrier n.crawl vi. applause n.
flash vt. 1. show sth. for a short time 闪现
e.g. She flashed a shy smile at him as he passed by.
2. make a sudden bright light with 使闪耀，使闪光
e.g. Flash your light about and see if anyone is hiding here.
用手电筒四周照照，看看是否有人藏在这里。
spin v. (span or spun, spun) turn round and round fast快速旋转
e.g. 1. We span the coin to decide who would take the only free ticket we got for the movie.
2. The propeller started to spin around.
螺旋桨开始飞快地旋转起来。
consultant n. [(to)] a person who gives expert advice to a person or organization on a particular subject
[常与to连用]顾问
e.g.1. To improve our products, we need to employ a design consultant.
2. Shirley’s brother is now a consultant heart surgeon in Sweden.
雪利的兄弟现在在瑞典做心脏外科高级顾问医师。
champion n. a person who has won a competition of skill, strength, etc., esp. a sporting competition（尤指体育比赛中的）冠军，优胜者
e.g. 1. If our team defeats yours, we’ll be the champions.
2. She knows that becoming world champion is going to be a long haul.
她知道要成为世界冠军需要长时间的艰苦努力。
initial a. happening at the beginning; first开始的；最初的
e.g.1. After she had overcome her initial shyness, she calmed down and felt quite at ease.
2. We hope to recoup our initial investment in the first year.
我们希望我们的前期投资在第一年就能赚回来。
compete vi. [(with, against, for)] try to win sth. in competition with sb. else [常与with, against
或for连用]竞争；争夺
e.g. 1. The two athletes from the same country are competing for the gold medal.
2. These products are of high quality and able to compete internationally.
这些产品品质很好，在国际市场上有竞争能力。.
narrowly ad. by only a small margin; only just 勉强地；仅仅
e.g. 1. He accidentally fell into the lake and narrowly escaped drowning.
2. The car narrowly missed a cyclist.
汽车差点儿撞上一位骑自行车的人。
confess vt. admit sth. that one feels embarrassed about 坦白；承认（尴尬的事情）
e.g. 1. I must confess that I didn’t believe you at first.
2. Most people confess to a bad memory.
大多数人都承认记性差。
feature vt. include or show sth. as a special or important part of sth. 以……为特色，是……的特色
e.g.1. The exhibition features paintings by young female artists.
2. The hour-long program featured highlights from recent games.
这个时长一小时的节目重点介绍最近比赛的精彩片断。
trip vi. [(over)] catch one’s foot (in or on sth.) and lose one’s balance [常与over连用]绊倒
e.g.1. Move the box to the corner or someone might trip over it.
2. He tried to follow Jack’s footsteps in the snow and tripped on a rock.
他想要跟着杰克在雪中留下的脚印走，却让一块石头绊倒了。
barrier n. sth. that is used to prevent or control people’s movement 障碍物；关卡
e.g. 1. Show your ticket at the barrier before you board the train.
2. The demonstrators broke through heavy police barriers.
示威者们冲破了警察的重重设防。
crawl vi. move slowly with the body close to the ground, or on the hands and knees 爬行
e.g.1. The lovely baby is crawling on the carpet.
2. I began to crawl on my hands and knees towards the door.
我开始手脚并用朝门口爬去。
applause n. [U] loud praise for a performance or performer, esp. by striking the hands together; clapping 鼓掌，掌声
e.g. 1. There was loud applause when the famous singer appeared onto the stage.
2. The speaker was received with a mixture of applause and hisses.
那演说者同时得到喝彩声和嘘声。
Expressions:
rise to one’s feet bring out take shape cling to
bring up come in…like crazy squeeze in
put in fill in for in an emergency capitalize on
rise to one’s feet stand up 站起来
e.g.1. After telling us what to do next, the teacher rose to his feet and left the laboratory.
2. Rise to your feet when the visitor comes in.
来宾进来时请大家站起来。
bring out cause to be seen; make clear 发挥；显示出
e.g. 1. Difficult conditions will sometimes bring out a person’s best qualities.
2. I want to bring out clearly all the issues that are involved.
我想把所涉问题都清楚地提出来。
take shape develop towards completion 形成，成形
e.g.1. After some discussion our vacation plans were taking shape.
2. The new building is beginning to take shape.
新大楼已初具规模。
cling to be unwilling to get rid of sth., or stop doing sth. 坚持；不愿放弃
e.g. 1. He clung to the hope that his daughter would be cured even though doctors had told him
it was impossible.
2. It is dangerous to cling to outdated ideas and theories.
坚持过时的观点和理论是很危险的。
bring up educate and care for (a child) 养育，教养（孩子）
e.g. 1. George was brought up in London by his wealthy uncle.
2. Bringing up a handicapped child can be a long and hard road.
养育一个残疾的孩子是一项长期而艰巨的任务。
come in …finish in the stated place in a race or competition （比赛中）获得……名次
e.g. 1. I bet that the black horse will come in first in the race.
2. He came in third in the hundred-meter dash.
在百米竞赛中他跑了第三名。
like crazy infml wildly and very actively〖非正式〗发狂似地；拼命地
e.g.1. Ben got up later than usual; he had to drive like crazy to get to his office on time.
2. You’ll have to work like crazy to get this finished.
你一定要拼命地把这份工作完成。
squeeze in find time or space for 为……挤出时间（空间）
e.g. 1. I have a tight schedule for this week; I can’t squeeze in any other activities.
2. There were already ten people in the lift, but he managed to squeeze in.
电梯里已经有十个人了，但他还是挤进去了。
put in do (work) or spend (time), esp. for a purpose（为某一目的）干（活），花费（时间）
e.g. 1. He puts in half an hour on his English studies every morning.
2. His victory was seen as payback for all the hard work he’d put in during training.
他的胜利被视为训练期间所有辛苦的回报。
fill in for take sb.’s place 代替
e.g. 1. The teacher was sick and Mr. Shaw filled in for her.
2. Can you fill in for me for a few minutes? I have to run an errand.
你能代替我几分钟吗？我必须去办点事。
in an emergency if there is an emergency 在紧急情况下
e.g.1. Many people are at a loss what to do in an emergency.
2. The police must be able to react swiftly in an emergency.
警方在面对紧急情况时必须能迅速作出反应。
capitalize on use to one’s advantage （为自己的利益而）利用
e.g. 1. The young man capitalized on every chance he got to improve his oral English.
2. Do we have the capability to capitalize on the opportunities and mitigate the threats?
我们是否能够利用机会并且减少威胁？
Section B Difficult Sentences
1. She answered simply and eloquently. ―Believe in your child,‖ she said. (Para. 4)
1) Explain the implied meaning of the sentence. Pay special attention to the italicized part. Key: It is wise for parents to support their children’s dream and have complete confidence in their ability to succeed.
2) Translate this sentence into Chinese.
Key: 她的回答简单却极具说服力。―相信你的孩子吧，‖ 她这样说。
2. But being able to dream is the first step on every road to success —even if the initial dream
eventually leads to a different road. (Para. 5)
1) Explain the implied meaning of the sentence. Pay special attention to the italicized part. Key: Having a dream is the first step on the road to success, no matter what outcomes it may lead to.
2) Translate this sentence into Chinese.
Key: 但是，梦想是通向成功的第一步——哪怕当初的梦想最终让孩子走向另一条不同的道路。
3. He leaned on his father, and the two limped to the finish line together, to deafening applause.
(Para. 12)
1) Explain the implied meaning of the sentence. Pay special attention to the italicized part. Key: The spectators were greatly moved by the true sportsmanship shown by Derek Redmond and they cheered him enthusiastically for his courage and dedication.
2) Translate this sentence into Chinese.
Key: 他倚靠着自己的父亲，父子俩蹒跚而行，直到终点，观众的掌声震耳欲聋。
第四章答案 Enhance Your Language Awareness Words in Action ▇Working with Words and Expressions 1 In the boxes below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the following sentences with them. Change the form where necessary. ■Answers: 1) mass 2) gambled 3) voluntary 4) hunted 5) classified 6) abolished 7) division 8) senseless 9) fashions 10) coordination 11) declarations 12) committed 13) necessity 14) moderately 15) slightest 16) considerable 17) evaluate 18) derived 2In the boxes below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Complete the sentences with them. Change the form where necessary. ■Answers: 1) stands/stood a chance 2) ruled out 3) consist /consists of 4) gone through 5) in the strict sense 6) At a guess 7) earns a living 8) coincide with 9) gone in for 10) got their teeth into ▆ Increasing Your Word Power 1 Word Building Did you notice the suffix -ary and -ory in words such as “voluntary” and
Unit 1 I. Reading for information 1.B 2.D 3.B 4.C 5.A 6.C II. Translation 1. 但是只要说上几句话，他的口音就很容易被辨认出来。 2. 他不会轻易发火，有一颗金子般的心，你很少能从他的嘴里听到攻击和批评别人的话。 3. 常言道：善行胜于善言。父亲的身教对我的影响远远超过了他的言传。 4. 面对生活的沧桑，大布鲁诺怎么能不提高嗓门，怎么能保持心气平和？难道力气这么大的人不该脾气也大吗？ 5. 体育明星和歌星|、影星的确能够鼓舞人心，但是“英雄”这个头衔还是应该留给像我父亲 那样，为了自己所爱的人孜孜不卷地工作的人。 III. Summary 1.hard work, pays off 2.Big Bruno, strong in stature, a gentle spirit 3.most patient, slow to get angry, a heart of gold, a lot of friends 4. a role model, a true friend, a treasure 5.hero, does good, loves everyone, doesn’t expect anything, in return, work tirelessly, the good race I. Skimming question 1 A II. Skimming question 2 A teacher should … 1. be pleasant live and attractive 2. have a genuine capacity for sympathy 3. be both intellectually and morally honest 4. be mentally alert 5. be capable of infinite patience 6. have the kind of mind which always wants to go on learning III. Scanning question 1 4
Unit Two Optimism and Positive Thinking Enhance Your Language Awareness Words in Action ■ Working with Words and Expressions 1. In the box below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the following sentences with them. Change the form where necessary. ■ Answers: positive startled perspective harden shape address crises curse incredible 10) conversely 11) issue 12) response 13) prior 14) rare 15) accomplish 2. In the box below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Do you understand their meanings? Do you know how to use them in the proper context? Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Change the form where necessary. ■ Answers: get the hang of have lived through makes a difference have no idea concerned with slipped over ran into in reverse mull over ■ I ncreasing Your Word Power 1. D ecide whether “do ”, “make ”or “take ”is needed to complete each of the following sentences. Change the verb form where necessary. ■ A nswers: does make take do make Take done taken making ))))))))) ))))))))) ))))))))) 10) took
新世纪大学英语综合教程4课后WORDS IN ACTION答案Unit1 WORDS IN ACTION Unit Two WORDS IN ACTION 1. 1) monitor 2) phenomenon 3) isolation 4) gradual 5) opponent 6) advent 7) genetic 8) consciously 9) extreme 10) nasty 11) boom 12) formal 13) soar 14) survey 15) Similarly 16) modify 17) rough 2. 1) at the same time 2) are stuck with 3) for certain 4) make no difference 5) on average 6) when it comes to 7) depends on 8) built into 9) come to mind 10) at work unit 3WORDS IN ACTION 1. 1) quest 2) remained 3) consume 4) likewise 5) vessel 6) qualify 7) stiff 8) collapsed 9) predict 10) inevitably 11) absorbed 12) sheer 13) refining 14) paralyzed 15) exchange 2. 1) In a way 2) act on 3) to such an extent that 4) opens up 5) close off 6) look into Unit4 WORDS IN ACTION 1. (1) mass (2) gambled (3) voluntary (4) hunted (5) classified (6) abolished (7) division (8) senseless (9) fashions (10)coordination (11) declarations (12) spanned (13)recommends/recommended (14)moderately (15) slightest 2. (1) stands/stood a chance (2) ruled out (3) worthy of (4) gone through (5) in the strict sense (6) At a guess (7) earns a living (8) coincide with (9) gone in for (10) got their teeth into Unit5 WORDS IN ACTION 1. (1) fortune (2) dull (3) chased (4) launched (5) finance (6) reputation (7) liberty (8) publicity (9) sufficiently (10) sympathy (11) target (12) educate (13) commerce (14) alike (15) bored (16) audiences (17) regard (18) assure 2. (1) thrown out (2) and so on (3) for dear life (4) dedicate himself to (5) was tired of (6) turn away (7) hang on (8) for the sake of
Unit One People Around Us Enhance Your Language Awareness Words in Action ▆ Working with Words and Expressions 1.In the box below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the following sentences with them. Change the form where necessary. ▆ Answers: 1) crease 2) hint 3) assured 4) awaiting 5) hovering 6) scrawled 7) glistening 8) frail 9) sole 10) visible 11) engaged 12) biased 13) dreading 14) grinning 2.In the boxes below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Do you know how to use them in the proper context? Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Change the form where necessary. ▆ Answers: 1) for fear of 2) pulled up 3) except for 4) get by 5) make a living 6) every so often 7) in the background 8) Shut off 9) each and every 10) as it is 11) wraps … around her little finger 12) caught us …unawares ▆Increasing Y our Word Power 1.Choose the definition from Column B that best matches each phrasal verb in Column A, paying attention to the V+ Prep./Ad. collocation.
Unit1 Reading for information 1D 2C 3B 4A 5B 6C Translation 1 今天你们将离开培育你们的学术环境，直面真实的世界。 2 你们即将离开学校，终于可以开始接受教育了。 3 想找到一位保守的教授，那比要找到一个雪人还难。若想挑战一些有关政治正确性的正统观点，那你将污名缠身。 4 如果你不相信我的话，那不妨去问一问那些因信奉网络公司是通往财富之路这一理论而破产的人们。现实击碎了他们的梦想。 5 因此，欢迎你来到我们生活的这个理性的世界。一旦你把那些白日梦拒之门外，你就会发现这个世界并不是太糟。 Summary 1 emerge from/face the real world/go about 2 commitment to/benefit from 3 the enjoyment of reading/ was associated with 4 reallity/theory/realist/in theory 5 wishful thinking/ go for/wind up with/twists and turns Unit 2 Reading for information 1B 2A 3D 4C 5B 6D Translation 1 爱是一种艺术吗？如果是，它就需要靠知识和努力来争取。或者爱是一种愉快的感受，能否体验到它是机率问题，如果一个人运气好就能够“坠入爱河”？ 2 大多数人认为爱这个问题主要是被爱，而不是主动去爱，或者主动去爱的能力。因此，他们的问题便是如何被爱，怎么样变得招人爱。 3 关于爱没有什么可学，这一想法背后的第二个前提是一个假设，此假设认为爱的问题是对象的问题，而不是能力的问题。 4 我来做一笔交易：爱的对象从它的社会价值来看应该是最理想的，与此同时他也应该处于对我的显性的和隐性的资质和潜力的考虑而接纳我。 5 两个人变得很熟悉了，他们的亲密感越来越多地失去了神秘色彩，直到他们的对抗、失望和彼此的厌倦抹杀了最初兴奋感消逝后残留下来的点滴东西。 6 爱是再简单不过的事，这一观点至今仍然十分盛行，尽管有大量证据与此相悖。Summary 1 a matter of chance/learned about 2 is based on/primarily/how to be loved 3 assumption/the right object 4 leading to/initial excitement/permanent state 5 theorectical knowledge/ the mastery of the art
2. (1) obtain (2) confident (3) communicate (4) advantage (5) relevant (6) helpful (7) extreme (8) enjoyable (9) means (10) process (11) particularly (12) characters (13) astonished (14) apparently 3. (1) fond of (2) is…related to (3) according to (4) To a certain degree (5) vice versa (6) no doubt (7) rid… of (8) cleare d up (9) or else (10) at all costs (11) sure enough (12) let alone (13) similar to (14) It’s no use (15) in my opinion (16) was worth (II)Increasing Your Word Power 1. (1) c (2) d (3) b (4) b (5) b (6) d 2. (1) highly/very (2) quite/very (3) quite/very/increasingly (4) quite/simply/very 3. 4.No Mistake especial→ especially
necessarily → necessary frequent → frequently No Mistake ea sily → easy No Mistake i ndividually → individual m uch → many h igh → highly a pparently → apparent r emarkably → remarkable p robable → probably No Mistake (III)Grammar Task 1: (1)would/should (2) should/would (3) might (4) would (5) must (6) can’t (7) should would (8) must Task 2: (1)We passed the afternoon very pleasantly, roller-skating in the sun and talking about our childhood under a tree. / The afternoon passed very pleasantly, while we roller-skated in the sun and talked about our childhood under a tree. (2)On entering the lecture hall, I was surprised at the size of the crowd. / When I entered the lecture hall, I was surprised at the size of the crowd. (3)When I was only a small boy, my father took me to Beijing and we had a lot of fun together. (4)To write well, a person must read good books. (IV)Cloze (1) doubt (2) efficient (3) where (4) advantage (5) afford (6) claim (7) fluently (8) qualified (9) extent (10) ridiculous (11) perfect (12) as (13) because (14) individual (V)Translation 1. Translate the sentences (1) The baby can’t even crawl yet, let alone walk. (2) Will claimed he was dining with a group of friends at the time of the murder, but in my opinion he told a lie. (3) To a certain extent the speed of reading is closely related to reading skills; and with reading skills you can cope with outside class reading better. (4) According to the regulation/rule, they both can play the game/participate in the game.
第一单元答案 Enhance Your Language Awareness Words in Action ▆ Working with Words and Expressions 1.In the boxes below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the following sentences with the words given. Change the form where necessary. ▆ Answers: 1) spark 2) compelled 3) bare 4) scrape 5) destruction 6) output 7) retreat 8) tipped 9) miracle 10) eternal 11) pile 12) transfer 13) mass 14) thereby 15) have emerged 16) trigger 17) threaten 18) consumed 19) hollow 2.In the boxes below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Complete the sentences with them. Change the form where necessary. ▆ Answers: 1) show signs of 2) cope with 3) lives in fear of 4) tough it out 5) cut down 6) from head to foot 7) searched out 8) nothing short of
U5 1.培养正确的感情是极其必要的，因为它可以为一个人将来学习和工作的成功奠定基础。 Cultivating the right emotions is indispensable in that it lays the foundations for the success of one’s future work and studies. 2.中国西部发展急需人才，政府为此制定了优惠政策，号召更多大学毕业生去西部工作。West China is crying out for talented people for its development .To this end，the government has laid down favorable policies，calling for more college graduates to go and work there. 3.你怎么可以在我这样艰难的时候对我置之不理呢？我们患难与共差不多半个世纪了。How can you turn your back on me when I am in such difficulty? We have gone through trials and tribulations for practically half a century. 4.网虫们很多时间都泡在网上，以至于他们无法分辨虚拟世界与现实世界。 Web addicts spend so much time on the Internet that they are unable to draw a distinction between the virtual world and the real world. 5.生活在城市的人常常会有这样的幻想：乡村生活是闲适安逸的。其实不一定是这回事儿。Urban residents often have the illusion that rural life is always leisurely and comfortable. In fact, that may not be the case. 6.远程学习是个全球化的趋势。随着它的迅速发展，人们无论身处何地都能有同样方便的途径享受教育资源。 Distance learning is a global trend. With its quick growth，people are given an equally convenient access to educational resources，no matter where they are. U6 1.我们中国人会再三地请客人多吃饭桌上的菜，以表明我们好客。 As a proof of our hospitality，we Chinese will repeatedly ask our guests to help themselves to
新世纪大学英语阅读教程（2）参考答案 Unit One PartⅠ Reading for Information Exercises Ⅰ Reading for Information A.Reading to find main ideas 1.A, 2. C, B. Reading to find major details 3. D, 4. B, C. Reading to find relevant facts 5. C, 6. A Ⅱ.Translation Translate the following sentences into Chinese 1.有一百份卷子要批，而且全是男孩们用潦草的字迹写成的，这事他已经拖了好几个星期 了。这些日子，他一直觉得头上仿佛悬着把剑。 2.我私下里已经花了一大笔钱来学习音乐了。 3.他的脸上挂满了汗珠。 4.没有哪个宣布判决的法官会比此时的谢卡夫更痛苦、更无助。 5.说出事实和接受事实同样需要勇气。 Ⅲ. Summary https://www.doczj.com/doc/a66078297.html,plete the following statements with words and expressions from the box. Use their proper forms. 1.sun, straight in the face, blinking, dazed 2.morning, night, tempering truth, shock 3.truth, trials, wife, colleague, headmaster 4.apple pie, culinary masterpiece, good, swallow 5.fine, mean, selfish 6.singing, stupefied 7.frogs, buffalo, window shutters 8.strength, give, receive PartⅡ Reading for Pleasure Exercises Ⅰ. Answer the following questions. (The answers are open.) 1.Hell is not so terrible as most people think because it can be transformed into Heaven through hard work, courage, faith and love. The real Hell is in one’s heart. 2.Heaven is a land of beauty and peace, and it is the result of our hard work. 3.All those hardworking people with courage and determination can rest in Heaven after they die, because although they cannot all reach Heaven in the first place, they can build Hell into Heaven. 4.Those who are afraid of Hell and do not have courage to fight difficulties and disasters will end up in Hell.
The Answers to Unit 1 Enhance Your Language Awareness (I) Working with Words and Expressions 2. (1) obtain (2) confident (3) communicate (4) advantage (5) relevant (6) helpful (7) extreme (8) enjoyable (9) means (10) process (11) particularly (12) characters (13) astonished (14) apparently 3. (1) fond of (2) is...related to (3) according to (4) To a certain degree (5) vice versa (6) no doubt (7) rid... of (8) cleared up (9) or else (10) at all costs (11) sure enough (12) let alone (13) similar to (14) It's no use (15) in my opinion (16) was worth (II) Increasing Your Word Power 1. (1) c (2) d (3) b (4) b (5) b (6) d 2. (1) highly/very (2) quite/very (3) quite/very/increasingly (4) quite/simply/very 3. Adverbs Adjectives efficiently efficient particularly particular fluently fluent quickly quick cheaply cheap continually continual probably probable adventurously adventurous finally final steadily steady slowly slow solemnly solemn really real apparently apparent tentatively tentative exactly exact 4. No Mistake especial→ especially necessarily → necessary frequent → frequently No Mistake easily → easy No Mistake individually → individual much → many high → highly apparently → apparent remarkably → remarkable probable → probably No Mistake (III) Grammar Task 1: (1) would/should (2) should/would (3) might (4) would (5) must (6) can't (7) should would (8) must Task 2: (1) We passed the afternoon very pleasantly, roller-skating in the sun and talking about our childhood under a tree. / The afternoon passed very pleasantly, while we roller-skated in the sun and talked about our childhood under a tree. (2) On entering the lecture hall, I was surprised at the size of the crowd. / When I entered the lecture hall, I was surprised at the size of the crowd. (3) When I was only a small boy, my father took me to Beijing and we had a lot of fun together. (4) To write well, a person must read good books. (IV) Cloze
U1 1. disaster 2. compelled 3. historical 4. disciplined 5. destruction 6. output 7. retreat 8. abandoned 9. trace 10. eternal 11. investment 12. transfer 13. justify 14. nonetheless 15. contributions 16. accelerate 17. threaten 1. show signs of 2. called upon 3. off limits 4. in fear of 5. slow down 6. cut down 7. from head to foot 8. come by 9. lost out 10. As yet 11. reside in IN CREASING YOUR WORD POWER smoke + fog; web + log; breakfast + lunch ;medical + care ;motor + hotel; net + citizen ;science + fiction; work + alcoholic Anthropology: the scientific study of the human race, especially of its origins, development, customs and beliefs Archaeology: the study of the buried remains of the ancient times, such as houses, pots, tools, and weapons Ecology: the study of the relations of plants, animals, and people to each other and to their surroundings Geology: the study of rocks, soils, etc. which make up the Earth, and of their changes during the history of the world Ideology: a set of ideas that an economic or political system is based on Musicology: the study of the history and theory of music Psychology: the scientific study of the mind and how it influences behaviour Sociology: the scientific study of the nature and development of society and social behaviour Zoology: the scientific study of animals and their behaviour 1. collective individual 2. consistent contradictory 3. constructive destructive 4. irrational rational 5. modern primitive 6. natural synthetic 7. nearby distant 8. optimistic pessimistic 9. replaceable irreplaceable 10. small enormous GRAMMAR REVIEW 1. She wished us health and success in the new year. 2. He asked how we were getting along with our work. 3. Jack said to me that I would be happy to know that his condition had improved. 4. Rose asked Jack whether he was sure his mother would like the idea. 5. He asked John how long he had been waiting for them. 6. She said I needn't have done all
1)What I didn’t count on was that over time I would sincerely take pride in being a social worker.(我不曾想到，随着时间的流逝，我果真以身为社工而感到自豪） 2)Shooting a quick look at the clock on the wall, Grandma let out a cry, “Oh, My dear /My goodness/My gracious, we’re going to miss the train!”(奶奶迅速瞥了一眼墙上的时钟，发出一声惊呼;天哪，我们要赶不上火车了！) 3)At the kindergarten entrance, I always see some kids/children holding firmly on to their parents. Should young parents be sterner towards their kids/children and leave immediately under these circumstances?(我总在幼儿园门口看到一些孩子抓住父母不让走。请问；在这种情况下，年轻的父母是得对孩子严厉些，赶紧离开？） 4)In the dim street light stood a weeping little girl/ a girl weeping. （昏暗的路灯下站着一个哭泣 的小女孩。） 5)When making donations, rich people should be as considerate as possible in order not to put the recipient in an embarrassing situation. 6)Since last month, my work has been revolving around the routine office duties, so now I am counting the days until the National Day comes, when my friends and I are going hiking in the countryside. 1)In either friendship or love / In both friendship and love, you should never expect to take / receive the maximum while you give the minimum. （无论是友情还是爱情，你都不可能期待自己付出最少而得到最多。） 2)I built all my hopes on his promise(s), only to find that he was not a man of sincerity at all. （我 把全部希望寄托在他的承诺上，结果却发现他根本不是个真诚的人） 3)We took Mother to all the best hospitals we could find, but all our efforts were in vain; she failed to survive the disease. （我们带父母亲去了所有我们能找到的最好的医院，但是一切都是徒劳的，母亲还是没能熬过那次疾病) 4)Valentine’s Day is an annual holiday celebrated on February 14, a perfect dayto express love to the object of your / one’s affection. 5)In the information era, communications with far-away friends via e-mail can be almost / virtually simultaneous. 6)Love needs to be nurtured, and the “eternal / everlasting love”that we all dream to have is not forged until we learn to appreciate and tolerate the other. 1)The gasoline price is now at an all-time high, which has brought about wide public concern. (当下汽油价格达到历史新高，这引发了公众的广泛关注） 2)He found that fish and rice feature the Japanese diet, and he then proceeded to write a report on Japanese cooking culture. （他发现鱼和米方是日本人的饮食特色，随即开始就日本饮食文化撰写一份报道） 3)The spectators expected me to come in first but they were in for a shock. With a tumble, my chances for a gold medal in figure skating evaporated. （观众们以为我会轻而昐举名列第一名，哪知我使他们大吃一惊。因为跌倒，我获得花样滑冰金牌的希望就化为了泡影） 4)He was a beggar but he didn’t look the part at all, because he was clean-shaven, wearing glasses and a brand-new suit.