Unit 1
Learning about language
1. victim ，physician ，analyse ，defeat ，challenge ，enquiry ，pump ，blame，absorbed ，link
2. sever ，suspect ，exposed ，experts ，cure，foresee ，conclude，announce，attend
3. make a suggestion，make a decision，make a plan，make a contribution ，make a speech ，make a noise，make a change ，meke a description ，make a investigation
Using words and expression
1. link , to, polluted , cule, nightborhood,suspected, blame, cure, severe, drew the conclusion,
instructed, handles, defeated
2. 1,2,5,6,3,4
3. 1. 除了去公园之外，我的活动范围仅限于邻近地区。
Apart from going to the park, I limit my movements to my neighborhood.
2. 没有足够的证据很难做出决定。
It is difficult to draw a conclusion without enough evidence.
3. 这些科学的探索将有助于我们项目的成功。
The scientific enquiries will contribute to the success of our project.
4. 居斯特夫.埃菲尔对他修建铁塔的计划满怀热情,而这座塔使他闻名于世。
Gustave Eiffel is enthusiastic about his plan to construct the iron tower, which made him world-famous.
5. 他常提出些不同寻常的计划。你在加入之前要慎重对待。
He always puts forward unusual plans. So be cautious about them before you decide to join in.
6. 谁是第一个反对"地心说"的人？
Who w as the first person to reject the idea/theory that the earth was the center of the universe?
7. 虽然他的写作没什么意思,但弗雷德还是确信自己的作文会得高分。
Although his writing does not make sense, Fred is positive that his composition will score a high mark.
Using structures
1. preapared，interestedworried, continued ，arrived，concerned，frightened
2. 1. I found this broken plate on the floor.
2. I saw a tall, dark and handsome man named Xiao Ming.
3. I looked at that modern abstract painting coloured in yellows and greens.
4. Yesterday I got the expected answer to my question on the Internet.
5. She is my friend devoted to my interests.
6. On the doorstep I found a lot of bottles marked in green ink.
7. We saw many Cracked windows in that room.
必修5 Unit1 Great scientists 1.explain（vt.）解释;说明;阐明 sth. to sb. Please explain this rule to me. explain + that从句He explained that he had been cheated. +wh- Can you explain how the machine operates? 2.characteristic n. 特征；特性 e.g. Kindness is one of his characteristics. adj.独特的 e.g. I heard my friend’s characteristic laugh. 短语：be characteristic of sb./sth. 是.....的特性 e.g. Such bluntness is characteristic of him. 3. put forward 提出（建议等）；提名; 提前，把时钟往前拨 e.g. He put forward a new plan. [归纳拓展] put down 记下；镇压put out 关掉；熄灭put on 穿上 put away 收好put aside 放在一边；储存；保留put off 推迟；延期 put up 建造；举起；张贴 选词填空（put off, put up, put forward, put aside, put out） ①The plan that you _____ at the meeting is wonderful. ②Many tall buildings were _____ along the road. ③Firefighters have been called to _____ the fire in the city center. ④He has a little money to _____ for a rainy day. ⑤Don’t _____ until tomorrow wha t can be done today. 2.draw a conclusion得出结论 1）conclusion作名词，意为―结束，结论 短语：come to/reach/arrive at a conclusion 得出结论 in conclusion 最后 e.g. I will in conclusion say a few words about my visit to Tokyo. 2）conclude作动词，―结束；断定；决定 to conclude（作插入语）最后,作为总结(= to sum up) e.g. To conclude, I think smoking does more harm than good to us. 4. expert 1）n.专家，能手 an expert in psychology（心理学）an agricultural expert 2）adj.熟练的，有专门技术的 be expert in/at sth 精通…… doing sth. an expert job需要专门知识的工作 e.g. He is expert in / at cooking. 5.attend vt. & vi. 参加，注意，照料 1）attend a ceremony / lecture / a meeting 2）attend to (on)伺候, 照顾，看护 e.g. Mother had to attend to her sick son. 3）attend to处理，注意倾听 e.g. Can you attend to the matter immediately? 4. But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera. 1）暴露expose sb/ sth to sth e.g. He exposes his skin to the sun. 2）揭露 e.g.He
按住Ctrl键单击鼠标打开配套教学视频名师讲课播放 必修5 Unit 1 JOHH SHOW DEFEATS “KING CHOLERA” John Snow was a famous doctor in London - so expert, indeed, that he attend ed Queen Victoria as her personal physician. But he became inspired when he tho ught about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera. This was the deadly dise ase of its day. Neither its cause nor its cure was understood. So many thousand s of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak. John Snow wanted t o face the challenge and solve this problem. He knew that cholera would never b e controlled until its cause was found. He became interested in two theories that possibly explained how cholera ki lled people. The first suggested that cholera multiplied in the air. A cloud of dangerous gas floated around until it found its victims. The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals. From the stomach the disease quickly attacked the body and soon the affected person die d. John Snow suspected that the second theory was correct but he needed eviden ce. So when another outbreak hit London in 1854, he was ready to begin his enqu iry. As the disease spread quickly through poor neighbourhoods, he began to gat her information. In two particular streets, the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days. He was determined to find out why. First he marked on a map the exact places where all the dead people had liv ed. This gave him a valuable clue about the cause of the disease. Many of the d eaths were near the water pump in Broad Street (especially numbers 16, 37, 38 a nd 40). He also noticed that some houses (such as 20 and 21 Broad Street and 8 and 9 Cambridge Street) had had no deaths. He had not foreseen this, so he made further investigations. He discovered that these people worked in the pub at 7 Cambridge Street. They had been given free beer and so had not drunk the water from the pump. It seemed that the water was to blame. Next, John Snow looked into the source of the water for these two streets. He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London. H e immediately told the astonished people in Broad Street to remove the handle f rom the pump so that it could not be used. Soon afterwards the disease slowed d own. He had shown that cholera was spread by germs and not in a cloud of gas. In another part of London, he found supporting evidence from two other deat hs that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak. A woman, who had moved away f rom Broad Street, liked the water from the pump so much that she had it deliver ed to her house every day. Both she and her daughter died of cholera after drin king the water. With this extra evidence John Snow was able to announce with ce rtainty that polluted water carried the virus.
Unit 1 语法重点 一、动词不定式 不定式可以用来做主语、表语、定语、状语、宾语、独立成分，表示比较具体的意义。 （1）做主语 ①动词不定式短语 To master a foreign language is no easy job. To see this film is to waste time. To solve this problem is out of the question ②为平衡整个句子，避免头重脚轻，常用it做形式主语，而将真正主语不定式放后 面，用于这种形式是一些特定的结构。例如： 1）谓语部分是系表结构，表语是某些形容词或名词。例如： It is foolish to do in this way. It sounds reasonable to do it this way. 2）某些动词做谓语时。例如： It took much time to do this. It makes us excited to think about that. (2) 做表语 表示打算、计划、命令和要求，用于appear, seem, happen等系动词后面 Such questions are to be avoided. What he said proved to be true. He seems to be ill. (3) 做定语 做定语时不定式一般紧跟其所修饰名词或代词后面。例如： He was the first one to come this morning. He didn’t have the chance to go to school in the past. 如果不定式是不及物动词时，应注意其相应介词的搭配。例如： He has nothing to worry about. She is a very nice person to work with. (4) 作状语 不定式作状语可以表示目的、原因和结果。 ①表目的常用in order to, so as to,等结构但so as to只能放在主句之后。 Check your homework so as to avoid mistakes. She goes home (in order) to see her grandmother every week. ②表结果常用only to do, enough to do, too…to do等句型，不定式短语作结果状语具有 “意料之外”之意。 He is too excited to speak anything. I hurried to his house, only to find him out. ③原因 She seemed surprised to see us. He is sorry for what he did to think of his past. -不定式作方式状语时，通常采用as if 或 as though + to 的结构，其意为“好像要……”。 He raised his hand as if to hit me. She took out a pen and a piece of paper as though to write something. (5) 做宾语
U n i t1G R E A T S C I E N T I S T S JOHN SNOW DEFEATS “KING CHOLERA” John Snow was a famous doctor in London — so expert, indeed, that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician. But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera. This was the deadly disease of its day. Neither its cause nor its cure was understood. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak. John Snow wanted to face the challenge and solve this problem. He knew that cholera would never be controlled until its cause was found. He became interested in two theories that possibly explained how cholera killed people. The first suggested that cholera multiplied in the air, a cloud of dangerous gas floated around until it found its victims. From the stomach the disease quickly attacked the body and soon the affected person died. John Snow suspected that the second theory was correct but he needed evidence. So when another outbreak hit London in 1854, he was ready to begin his enquiry. As the disease spread quickly through poor neighbourhoods, he began to gather information. In two particular streets, the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days. He was determined to find out why. First he marked on a map the exact places where all the dead people have lived. This gave him a valuable clue about the cause of the disease. Many of the deaths were near the water pump in Broad Street (especially numbers 163738 and 40). He also noticed that some houses (such as 20 and 21 Broad Street and 8 and 9 Cambridge Street) had had no deaths. He had not foreseen this, so he made further investigations. He discovered that these people worked in the pub at 7 Cambridge Street. They had been given free beer and so had not drunk the water from the pump. It seemed that the water was to blame, Next, John Snow looked into the source of the water for these two streets. He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London. He immediately told the astonished people in Broad Street to remove the handle from the pump so that it could not be used. Soon afterwards the disease slowed down. He had shown that cholera was spread by germs and not in a cloud of gas. In another part of London, he found supporting evidence from two other deaths that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak. A woman, who had moved away from Broad Street, liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day. Both she and her daughter died of cholera after drinking the water. With this extra evidence John Snow was able to announce with certainty that polluted water carried the virus. To prevent this from happening again, John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies be examined. The water companies were instructed not to expose people to polluted water any more. Finally “King Cholera” was defeated.
必修五语法重点练习题 第一单元三种形态作定语和表语 练习一、用括号中的词的正确形式填空 1.Have you read the novel by Dickens.（write） 2.I know the man on the bench.（sleep） 3.Listen! The song is very popular with the students.（sing） 4.The students the meeting will arrive here tomorrow. （attend）【总结】非谓语作定语 现在分词V-ing being done 主动；进行, 被动；进行 过去分词V-ed 被动；完成；状态 不定时to do 将来，目的，计划 【加强练习】 1. Do you know the boy ___________ (lie) under the big tree? 2. You will see this product _____ (make) in this factory advised wherever you go. 3. --- What’s the language ____________(speak) in New Zealand? -- English. 4. There are many people ______________ (want) to buy cars in the modern world. 5. The car _____________ (produce) in Germany in the 1960s looks old now. 6. --- What are on show in the museum? -- Some pictures ____________(draw) by the Africans. 7. What is the best way do you think ____________ (protect) the wild animals? 8. There was a sudden burst of light (show) a terrible noise. 9. The problems (discuss)at the meeting tomorrow are really hard to solve． 10. The words _______ (start) with “L” aren’t easily forgotten 练习二、表语从句练习请根据句意填进正确的引导词 1. The question is ________ we will have our sports meet next week. 2．The reason why he failed is _____he was too careless. 3. Go and get your coat. It’s _____you left. 4. What I want to know is ______ he likes the gift given by us. 5. The reason is_________I missed the bus. 6. That is_________ we were late last time. 【总结】在表语从句中，从句充当了表语的成分。 练习三、非谓语作表语练习 1. In April, thousands of holiday-makers remained___abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud(火山灰). stick abroad 坚持出国 A.sticking B. stuck C. to be stuck D. to have stuck 2.The purpose of new technology is to make life easier, _______it more difficult. A. not making B. not make C. not to make D. to not make https://www.doczj.com/doc/a514209503.html,dies and gentlemen, please remain_______until the plane has come to a complete stop. A. seated B. seating C. to sea t D. seat 4.He lost all his money when travelling long distance. The only thing he could do was____his wife for help. A. calling B. call C. called D. calls 5. What Tom said is______at the next meeting. A. to discuss B. to be discussed C. discussing D. to have discussed
按住Ctrl键单击鼠标打开配套教学视频名师讲课播放必修5 Unit 1 JOHH SHOW DEFEATS “KING CHOLERA” John Snow was a famous doctor in London - so expert, indeed, that he attend ed Queen Victoria as her personal physician. But he became inspired when he tho ught about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera. This was the deadly diseas e of its day. Neither its cause nor its cure was understood. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak. John Snow wanted to face the challenge and solve this problem. He knew that cholera would never be contr olled until its cause was found. He became interested in two theories that possibly explained how cholera kille d people. The first suggested that cholera multiplied in the air. A cloud of dangero us gas floated around until it found its victims. The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals. From the stomach the dis ease quickly attacked the body and soon the affected person died. John Snow suspected that the second theory was correct but he needed evide nce. So when another outbreak hit London in 1854, he was ready to begin his en quiry. As the disease spread quickly through poor neighbourhoods, he began to gat her information. In two particular streets, the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days. He was determined to find out why. First he marked on a map the exact places where all the dead people had liv ed. This gave him a valuable clue about the cause of the disease. Many of the de aths were near the water pump in Broad Street (especially numbers 16, 37, 38 an d 40). He also noticed that some houses (such as 20 and 21 Broad Street and 8 and 9 Cambridge Street) had had no deaths. He had not foreseen this, so he mad e further investigations. He discovered that these people worked in the pub at 7 C ambridge Street. They had been given free beer and so had not drunk the water f rom the pump. It seemed that the water was to blame. Next, John Snow looked into the source of the water for these two streets. He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London. He imm ediately told the astonished people in Broad Street to remove the handle from the pump so that it could not be used. Soon afterwards the disease slowed down. He had shown that cholera was spread by germs and not in a cloud of gas. In another part of London, he found supporting evidence from two other deaths that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak. A woman, who had moved away fr om Broad Street, liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day. Both she and her daughter died of cholera after drinking the water. With this extra evidence John Snow was able to announce with certaint y that polluted water carried the virus. To prevent this from happening again, John Snow suggested that the source o f all the water supplies be examined. The water companies were instructed not to expose people to polluted water any more. Finally "King Cholera" was defeated. COPERNICUS’ REVOLUTIONRRY THEORY
新人教版高中英语课文译文 必修五 第一单元伟大的科学家 Reading 约翰.斯诺击败“霍乱王” 约翰.斯诺是伦敦一位著名的医生—他的确医术精湛，因而成为照料维多利亚女皇的私人医生。但当他一想到要帮助那些得了霍乱的普通百姓时，他就感到很振奋。霍乱在当时是最致命的疾病，人们既不知道它的病源，也不了解它的治疗方法。每次暴发霍乱时，就有大批惊恐的老百姓病死。约翰.斯诺想面对这个挑战，解决这个问题。他知道，在找到病源之前，霍乱疫情是无法控制的。 斯诺对霍乱致人死地的两种推测都很感兴趣。一种看法是霍乱病毒在空气中腐殖着，像一股危险的气流到处漂浮，直到找到病毒的受害者为止。第二种看法是在吃饭的时候人们把这种病毒引入体内的。病从胃里发作而迅速殃及全身，患者就会很快地死去。 斯诺推测第二种说法是正确的，但是他需要证据。因此，在1854年伦敦再次暴发霍乱的时候，约翰.斯诺着手准备对此调研。当霍乱在贫民区迅速蔓延的时候，约翰.斯诺就开始收集资料。他发现特别在两条街道上霍乱流行的很严重，在10天之内就死去了500多人。他决心要查明其原因。 首先，他在一张地图上标明了所有死者住过的地方。这提供了一条说明霍乱起因的很有价值的线索。许多死者是住在宽街的水泵附近（特别是这条街上16、37、38、40号）。他发现有些住宅（如宽街上20号和21号以及剑桥上的8号和9号）却无人死亡。他以前没预料到这种情况，所以他决定深入调查。他发现，这些人都在剑桥街7号的酒馆里打工，而酒馆为他们免费提供啤酒喝，因此他们没有喝从宽街水泵抽上来的水。看来水是罪魁祸首。 接下来，约翰.斯诺调查了这两条街的水源情况。他发现，水是从河里来的，而河水被伦敦排出的脏水污染了。他马上叫宽街上惊慌失措的老百姓拆掉水泵上的把手。这样，水泵就用不成了。不久，疫情就开始得到了缓解。他证明了，霍乱是由病菌而不是由气团传播的。 在伦敦的另一个地区，他从两个与宽街暴发的霍乱有关联的死亡病例中发
JOHN SNOW DEFEATS “KING CHOLERA John Snow was a famous doctor in London—so expert, indeed, that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician. But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera. This was the deadly disease of its day. Neither its cause nor its cure was understood. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak. John Snow wanted to face the challenge and solve this problem. He knew that cholera would never be controlled until its cause was found. 约翰·斯洛是伦敦一位著名的医生——他的确医术精湛，因而成为照料维多利亚女王的私人医生。但他一想到要帮助那些得了霍乱的普通百姓时，他就感到很振奋。霍乱在当时是最致命的疾病，人们既不知道它的病源，也不了解它的治疗方法。每次霍乱暴发时，就有大批惊恐的老百姓死去。约翰·斯洛想面对这个挑战，解决这个问题。他知道，在找到病源之前，霍乱疫情是无法控制的。 He became interested in two theories that possibly explained how cholera killed people. The first suggested that cholera multiplied in the air. A cloud of dangerous gas floated around until it found its victims. The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals. From the stomach the disease quickly attacked the body and soon the affected person died. 斯洛对霍乱致人死地的两种推测都很感兴趣。一种看法是霍乱病毒在空气中繁殖着，像一股危险的气体到处漂浮，直到找到病毒的受害者为止。第二种看法是人们在吃饭的时候把这种病毒引入体内的。病从胃里发作而迅速殃及全身，患者就会很快地死去。 John Snow suspected that the second theory was correct but he needed evidence. So when another outbreak hit London in 1845, he was ready to begin his enquiry. As the disease spread quickly through poor neighborhoods, he began to gather information. In two particular streets, the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days. He was determined to find out why. 斯洛推测第二种说法是正确的，但他需要证据。因此，在1854 年伦敦再次暴发霍乱的时候，约翰·斯洛着手准备对此进行调研。当霍乱在贫民区迅速蔓延的时候，约翰·斯洛就开始收集资料。他发现特别在两条街道上霍乱流行的很严重，在10 天之内就死去了500 多人。他决心要查明原因。 First he marked on a map the exact places where all the dead people had lived. This gave him a valuable clue about the cause of the disease. Many of the deaths were near the water pump in Broad Street (especially numbers 16,37, 38 and 40) . He also noticed that some houses (such as 20 and 21 Broad Street and 8 and 9 Cambridge Street) had had no deaths. He had not foreseen this, so he made further investigations. He discovered that these people worked in the pub at 7 Cambridge Street. They had been given free beer and so had not drunk the water from the pump. It seemed that the water was to blame. 首先，他在一张地图上标明了所有死者住过的地方。这提供了一条说明霍乱起因的很有价值的线索。许多死者是住在宽街的水泵附近（特别是这条街上16、37、38、40 号）。他发现有些住宅（如宽街上20 号和21 号以及剑桥街上的8 号和9 号）却无人死亡。他以前没预料到这种情况，所有他决定深入调查。他发现，这些人都在剑桥街7 号的酒馆里打工，而酒馆为他们免费提供啤酒喝，因此他们没有喝从宽街水泵抽上来的水。看来水是罪魁祸首。Next, John Snow looked into the source of the water for these two streets. He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London. He immediately told the astonished people in Broad Street to remove the handle from the pump so that it could not be used. Soon
必修 5 Unitl Great scientists Part 1. Warming up 1. explain 及物动词(vt.) 解释;说明；阐明[(+to)][+wh-][+(that)] He expla in ed that he had bee n cheated. 他解释说他是上当受骗了。 Can you expla in how the machi ne operates? 你能解释一下这机器是如何运转的吗? Please expla in this rule to me. 请给我讲解一下这条规则。 不及物动词(vi.)解释；说明；辩解 r ve got to explai n about it. 我得解释一下此事。 2. characteristic n. 特征；特性Kindn ess is one of his characteristics. adj. 独特的I heard my friend ' characteristic laugh. be characteristic of sb./sth. 是..... 的特性 Such blu ntn ess is characteristic of hin. 如此迟钝是他的特性。 3. Who put forward a theory about black holes? put forward 提出(建议等)；提名；提前，把时钟往前拨 He put forward a new pla n. 他提出一个新计划。 May I put your n ame forward as a possible chairma n of the committee? 我能否提名你当委员会主席？ [归纳拓展] put dow n 记下；镇压put out 关掉；熄灭 put aside 放在一边；储存；保留put off 推迟；延期 put up 建造；举起；张贴put on 穿上 put away 收好 选词填空 (put off, put up, put forward, put aside, put out ) ①The pla n that you ___ at the meet ing is won derful. ②Many tall buildi ngs were ___ along the road. ③Firefighters have bee n called to ___ the fire in the city cen ter. ④He has a little money to ____ for a rainy day. ⑤Don't ____ u n til tomorrow what can be done today. Part 2. Pre-readi ng, readi ng and comprehe nding 1. Do you know how to prove a new idea in scie ntific research how to prove a new idea 为"疑问词+不定式”结构，该结构可在句中作主语、宾语、 衣?口等。 We haven 'decided where to go. 我们还没有决定去哪里。 The questio n is whe n to leave. 问题是什么时候动身。 2. draw a con clusi on 得出结论 1) conclusion 作名词，意为结束，结论” come to/reach/arrive at a con clusi on 得出结论 in con clusi on 最后