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研究生翻译第二章翻译技巧第二章翻译技巧1.Every life has its roses and thorns.人生总是有苦有乐，甘苦参半。
2.He was a dead shot,however,he met his Waterloo this time.他是一个神枪手，可这一次却遭惨败。
3.After the failure of his last novel,his reputation stands on slippery ground.他上一部小说写砸了，从此就名誉扫地。
4.He carried on his age astonishingly well.他一点都不显老。
5.She’d never again believe anything in trousers.他再也不相信任何男人了。
6.There were straws in the wind.真还有蛛丝马迹可寻。
7.Nixon was pleased by the distinction,but not overwhelmed.尼克松对能受到这种礼遇而非常高兴，但并没有受宠若惊。
8.I’ll have Czech where I want her.我让捷克要乖乖地听我的话。
9.How much did you suffer?Plenty.你一定吃了不少苦啊？一言难尽。
10.Yet China was a land of constant surprise and shifting impression.而中国是一个变化无穷的难以捉摸的国家。
11.We don’t want to have to go to the bank,Mama remind us,No,no,we all shook our heads.我们不能去动存在银行里面的那笔存款，妈妈提醒我们说，对，对，我们都点头同意。
12.He was not the eldest son of his father for nothing.你作为父亲的长子是有好处的。
第一课：1. 所有的人都会生儿育女，组成家庭或社会，发展一种语言以及适应他们周围环境的这种倾向特别具有欺骗性，因为它带来了一种期望，这种期望就是这些行为的形式以及围绕这些行动的态度与价值观念将是相似的。
(段二倒6排The tendency for all people to reproduce, group into families or societies, develop a language ,and adapt to their environment is particularly deceiving because it leads to the expectation that the forms of these behaviors and the attitudes and values surrounding them will also be similar.2. 力求证明达尔文关于面部表情是共同的这一理论的跨文化研究给人极大的希望，研究者发现脸部的某些看得见的表情，即因愤怒、恐惧、惊讶、悲伤、厌恶、幸福而紧缩的肌肉组合，我们人类成员都是一样的。
但是这似乎无济于事，只要我们意识到一个人生长的文化决定了这种情感是否会表露或压抑, 决定了在何种场合和多大的程度上会表露或压抑。
(段三正1句Promising are the cross-cultural studies seeking to support Darwin’s theory that facial expressions are universal and researchers found that the particular visible pattern on the face, the combination of muscles contracted for anger, fear, surprise, sadness, disgust, happiness is the same for all members of our species, but this seems helpful until it is realized that a person’s cultural upbringing determines whether or not that emotion will be displayed or suppressed, as well as on which occasions and to what degree.3. 由于似乎没有普遍的人性可以作为自动理解的基础，所以我们必须把每交往当作个别案例来处理，寻求任何共同的认知和交流方法并以此作为出发点。
1．这20美元是你应得的奖金The sum of $20 is due to you as a bonus.2. 他刚刚获得了心理学博士学位，以表彰他对心理学的贡献He had just received a doctorate in recognition of his contributions to psychology.3.保险只有在达到一种目的时才有价值Insurance is only valuable if it serves a purpose.4.别担心，一切都会在适当的时候得到处理的Don’t worry, everything will be attended to in due course.5. 这个问题应该首先讨论，因为它比其他问题都重要This problem should be discussed first, as it takes precedence over all the others.6. 你被提升?这需要庆祝一下You’ve been promoted? This calls for a celebration.7. 这位学者渴望得到几本新书The scholar’s mind thirsted for a few new books .8. 我写信给你是关于你们部门的工作机会I am writing to you with reference to the job opening in your department.9. 玛丽兴趣广泛，她喜欢运动、旅游、摄影和制作收音机。
Mary has a great diversity of interests, she like sports, travel, photography and making radio sets.10.银行已承诺通过削减成本来提高利润。
The banks have committed themselves to boosting profits by slashing costs.1)罗杰一时兴起喜欢上了画画，但不久就失去了兴趣。
Unit one The Hidden Side of Happiness1.But to their surprise, many people find that enduring such a harrowing ordeal ultimatelychanges them for the better.但出人意料的是，很多人发现遭受这样一次痛苦的磨难最终会使他们向好的方面转变。
2.Their refrain might go something like this: I wish it hadn’t happened, but I’m a better personfor it. 他们可能会这样说：我希望这事没发生，但因为它我变得更完美了。
3.we love to hear the stories of people who have been transformed by their tribulations,perhaps because they testify to a bona fide type of psychological truth, one that sometimes gets lost amid endless reports of disaster:我们都爱听人们经历苦难后发生转变的故事，可能是因为这些故事证实了一条真正的心理学上的真理，这条真理有时会淹没在无数关于灾难的报道中。
4.This and other promising findings about the life-changing effects of crises are the province ofthe new science of post-traumatic growth. 诸如此类有关危机改变一生的发现在创伤后成长领域中有着可观的研究前景。
5.Those who weather adversity well are living proof of the paradoxes of happiness. 那些经受住苦难打击的人是有关幸福悖论的生动例证。
Unit 11.对一些人来说，婚姻是爱情的坟墓；而对另一些人来说，婚姻是拯救那些过着孤独单调生活的人的好办法。
salvation1. For some, marriage is the grave of love, while for others , marriage is an effective salvation for those who lead a solitary life.2.此次会议肩负着重大的历史责任，必然将对该组织的发展产生深远的影响。
be destined to2. Blessed with a great historical responsibility, the Conference is destined to have far-reaching impact on the development of the organization.3.所有这些都寄寓着人们对美好生活的向往，因此得以代代流传。
yearning3. All of these show people’s yearning for a better life, so they have been carried forward generation after generation.4.总统警告说，如果国会现在通过这一法案，那么他一直努力维护的脆弱的和平进程可能就会破裂。
fall apart4. If Congress approved the bill now, the president warned, the fragile peace process that he is trying to keep could fall apart.5.夫妻之间必须能够容忍彼此性格上的一些瑕疵，否则的话他们的婚姻很可能会以离婚而告终。
imperfection5. The couple must be tolerant of the little imperfections in each other’s character , otherwise their marriage may end up in divorce.Unit 21.因为对文化和艺术的热爱，让我们通过提高中文水平来利用我们的文化遗产吧。
Unit 1 从“美国梦”中醒来1.没有出路的工作和昂贵的大学学费可能阻断社会地位的提升。
Dead-end jobs andthe high cost of college could be choking off upward mobility.2.但多年来，即便在经济迅速发展的20世纪90年代，企业文化盛行的美国社会早已普遍在控制劳动力成本方面引入了沃尔玛式的策略。
But for years, even during the 1990s boom, much of Corporate America had already embraced Wal-Mart-like stratagems to control labor costs.3.尽管这些策略在降低消费品价格方面成效显著，在其他方面却造成严重损失。
Whilethese tactics have the admirable outcome of holding down consumer prices, they‟re costly in other ways.4.超过劳动力人口总数1/4的约3400万名工人因工资低、工作没有前途而陷入困境。
More than a quarter of the labor force, about 34 million workers, is trapped in low-wage, often dead-end jobs.5.20世纪70年代，二战后生产的繁荣消退之际，社会地位提高的劳动者人数开始减少。
The number of workers progressing upward began to slip in the 1970s, when the post-World WarⅡproductivity boom ran out of steam.6.80年代，随着全球化和科技的发展，蓝领阶层的工资大幅度下滑，向上升迁的减弱趋势更甚于以往。
研究生基础综合英语课后翻译集团标准化工作小组 #Q8QGGQT-GX8G08Q8-GNQGJ8-MHHGN#研究生基础综合英语课后翻译Unit1textAP221.我基本是一个空想社会改良家，在教这门课之前我将孩子们的学习能力差归咎于毒品、离婚和其他妨碍注意力集中的东西，要想学习好就必须集中注意力。
2.我的小儿子是个世界级的万人迷，学习不怎么动脑筋却总能蒙混过关。
直到施蒂夫特夫人当了他的老师，这种局面才彻底改变了。
3.但我在夜校中看见了一群愤怒、怨恨的学生，他们愤恨的原因是学校让他们一路混，直到他们甚至都无法再假装跟得上。
4.这些学生智力水平至少也算中等，但最终都退学了，他们总结说自己太笨，学不下去了5.似乎没有人停下了想想看，无论孩子们来自何种环境，他们当中大多数若不是发现情况到了危急关头，才不会把功课当做头等大事呢。
他们宁可混日子。
6.年轻人往往不够成熟，不会像我的成人学生们那样重视教育7.这表明老师和家长都对学生有信心，相信他们能够学好发给他们的学习材料。
UNIT 2TEXT B1.Why do some adults who have had bad experiences decide to kill my happiness with nasty remarks instead of just saying congratulations.为什么几个有过不幸经历的成年人非要说那些难听的话来扼杀我的幸福，而不是就送上几句祝福呢2. I know all about the heartache :that children can strain a marriage ,that money issues can blow up ,that a couple can lose their connection ,that job stress can take a toll and that changing and growing older can aid in the dissolution of what once was real love.我知道那些令人头痛的事：小孩子能拖垮婚姻，经济的问题也会爆发，夫妻之间不再情感交流，工作压力能造成伤害，人是不断变化的而且越来越老，这都会为解除当年的真爱起到推波助澜的作用3.You never know where life will take you , but I think it is a dangerous assumption that a marriage can never work out ,or that it isn’t worth a try.你永远都无法知道生活会给你什么，但是认为婚姻永远不能白头偕老，不值得一试可就是很危险看法了。
Unit 1●翻译：（黑体的汉字表示与教师用书不同，斜体的汉字表示重点翻译不要遗漏）passion, wisdom, altruism, insight, creativity—sometimes only the trials of adversity canfoster these qualities, because sometimes only drastic situations can force us to take on the painful process of change. (Para.6)慈悲、智慧、无私、洞察力及创造力——有时只有经历逆境的考验才能培育这些品质，因为有时只有极端的情形才能迫使我们去承受痛苦的改变过程。
2.In that moment, our sense of invulnerability is pierced, and the self-protective mental armorthat normally stands between us and our perceptions of the world is torn away. (Para.12) 在事情发生的那一瞬间，我们的安全感被冲破了，平时处于我们与我们对世界的种种看法之间的自我保护的精神盔甲被剥离了。
toto put aside their personal pleasure in order to care for the baby.Unit 4●翻译：1.Immersing myself in a book or a lengthy article used to be easy. My mind would get caughtup in the narrative or the turns of the argument, and I’d spend hours strolling th rough long stretches of prose. (Para.1)过去总是不费什么劲儿就能让自己沉浸在一本书或者一篇长文章中，被其中的叙述或不同的论点深深吸引。
一、A Working Community5、None of us, mind you, was born into these communities. Nor did we move into them, U-Hauling our possessions along with us. None has papers to prove we are card-carrying members of one such group or another. Y et it seems that more and more of us are identified by work these days, rather than by street.值得一提的是，我们没有谁一出生就属于这些社区，也不是后来我们搬了进来。
这些身份是我们随身携带的，没有人可以拿出文件证明我们是这个或那个群体的会员卡持有者。
然而，不知不觉中人们的身份更倾向于各自所从事的工作，而不是像以往一样由家庭住址来界定。
6、In the past, most Americans live in neighborhoods. W e were members of precincts or parishes or school districts. My dictionary still defines communtiy, first of all in geographic terms, as ―a body of people who live in one place.‖过去大多数彼邻而居的美国人彼此是同一个街区、教区、校区的成员。
今天的词典依然首先从地理的角度来定义社区，称之为“一个由居住在同一地方的人组成的群体”。
7、But today fewer of us do our living in that one place; more of us just use it for sleeping. Now we call our towns ―bedroom suburbs,‖ and many of us, without small children as icebreakers, would have trouble naming all the people on our street.然而，如今的情况是居住和工作都在同一个地方的人极少，对更多的人来说家成了一个仅仅用来睡觉的地方。
第一章1.I have read with much satisfaction the phrase which you quote concerning the number of strongholds. Yes, there must be few of them, but good ones.我非常满意的阅读了你所引用的关于要塞数量的一段文字。
是的，你讲的对，要塞的数量一定不宜过多，但是质量要好。
2.When she pointed out that it must be he who spread the rumor, he retorted:“No,no!”当她指出一定是他散布的谣言时，他极力反驳到，“不，这事不是我干的。
”3.“We do not”, she reminded us gently, “Want to trouble him”, we all shook our heads.她轻轻地提醒我们说，“我们不要去打扰他了。
”我们都点点头表示同意。
4.“几点了？”“都22了，还不快点。
”What’s the time?It’s already twenty-two past the hour.So hurry us,then.5. It seems to me what is sauce for the goose is sauce for the gander.我似乎觉得应该一视同仁。
6.The birds with the same feather flock together.物以类聚7.All that glitters is not gold. 发光的不一定都是金子。
8.他看见我那辆漂亮的新车就非常眼红。
When he saw my splendid new car, he was absolutely green with envy.9.我讨厌这个寻花问柳的家伙。
第一章1.I have read with much satisfaction the phrase which you quote concerning the number of strongholds. Yes, there must be few of them, but good ones.我非常满意的阅读了你所引用的关于要塞数量的一段文字。
是的，你讲的对，要塞的数量一定不宜过多，但是质量要好。
2.When she pointed out that it must be he who spread the rumor, he retorted:“No,no!”当她指出一定是他散布的谣言时，他极力反驳到，“不，这事不是我干的。
”3.“We do not”, she reminded us gently, “Want to trouble him”, we all shook our heads.她轻轻地提醒我们说，“我们不要去打扰他了。
”我们都点点头表示同意。
4.“几点了？”“都22了，还不快点。
”What‟s the time?It‟s already twenty-two past the hour.So hurry us,then.5. It seems to me what is sauce for the goose is sauce for the gander.我似乎觉得应该一视同仁。
6.The birds with the same feather flock together.物以类聚7.All that glitters is not gold. 发光的不一定都是金子。
8.他看见我那辆漂亮的新车就非常眼红。
When he saw my splendid new car, he was absolutely green with envy.9.我讨厌这个寻花问柳的家伙。
I feel disgusted at this womanzing man.10. Tanslation consists in reproducing in the receptor language the closest natural equivalent of the source language, first in terms of meaning and secondly in terms of style.翻译在于在译文中用最为贴切自然的对等语，首先在含含义上，再在风格上再现原文的思想。
11. Translation can be defined as follows: The replacement of textual material in one language by equivalent textual material in another language.翻译可以定义为，用一种语言的篇章材料代替与之对等的另一种语言的篇章材料。
12. A translation should give a complete transcript of the ideas of the original work; The style and manner or writing should be of the same character as that of the original;A translation should have all the ease of the original composition.翻译应该完全再现原文的思想，译文的风格与特点要与原文保持一致，译文与原文一样要自然流畅。
第二章1.The very earth trembled as with the tramps of horses and murmur of angry men.大地在颤抖，仿佛万马奔腾，千夫怒吼。
2.The message is profoundly simple, and profoundly mysterious also: life goes on. That is all there is to it. Everything that is, was; and everything that is, will be.这段话既简单无比有神秘无穷，生命在继续，世界上一切事物也都是如此，现在是这样，过去是这样，将来也是这样。
3.当老师的应当有耐心Teachers should be patient with their students.4.他耸耸肩摇摇头，两眼看天，一句话也不说。
He shrugged his shoulders, shook his head, cast up his eyes, but said nothing.5.狮子是百兽之王。
A lion is a king of the animals.6. In the evening, after the banquets, the concerts and the table tennis, he would work on the drafting of the final communiqué.晚间，在参加完宴会，听完音乐会，看完兵乓球比赛后，他还要起草最后文件。
7. He is a complicated man---moody, mercurial, with a melancholy streak.他性格复杂---情绪多变，反复无常，忧郁寡欢。
8. A red sun rise slowly from the calm sea.一轮红日从平静的海面上冉冉升起。
9. Reading makes a full man, conference a ready man, writing an exact man.阅读使人充实，讨论使人机敏，写作使人严谨。
10. Better be wise by the defeat of others than by your own,从别人的失败中吸取教训比从自己的失败中吸取教训更好。
11. Don‟t take it seriously. I am just making fun of you.别当真嘛，我只是和你开个玩笑罢了。
12. 虚心使人进步，骄傲使人落后。
Modesty helps one to go forward, whereas conceit makes one lag behind.13 没有调查研究就没有发言权。
He who makes no investigation and study has no right to speak.14. 三个臭皮匠，胜过诸葛亮。
Three cobbles with their wits combined equal Zhuge Liang the mastermind.15. Several millions of people have lived near or below the breadline for almost two decades.几百万的人生活在贫困线附近或者贫困线之下近二十年。
16. “小李，什么时候请吃糖啊？”王奶奶笑着问道。
“还没定呢”他脸一红。
“Xiao Li,” Granny smiled, “ when can I eat your wedding candy?”“ I don‟t know.”She blushed with shyness.17. He started to his feet with the intention of awaking the sleepers, for there was no time to lose.他突然起身打算叫醒睡觉的人们，因为时间很紧，必须马上出发。
18. She was ready to go, but first she wanted her book to be (in print)她准备离开人世，不过首先她要看到自己的书出版之后再离开。
19.In the evening, after her favorite TV drama and a hot bath, she would take a short walk in the neighborhood.晚间，他在看了他最喜爱的电视剧，洗个热水澡后，在附近散了会步。
20.The ice melted away. 冰雪慢慢地融化了。
21.Monica has a cleanliness disorder and everything in her kitchen shines.Monica患有洁癖，她把厨房里的每样东西都擦得闪闪发光。
22.I had never thought that he‟d like me, but he did.我从来都没想到他会喜欢我，但他居然会喜欢我。
23.他喜欢指出别人的缺点，但用意是好的He likes to point out others‟ weaknesses, but he means well.24.早知道他不在家，我就不来了。
If I had known he was not in, I would not have come.25.阳光灿烂，晴空万里。
The sun is bright, and the sky is clear.26.她洗了头，用毛巾擦干。
She washed her hair and dried it with a towel.27.打一场胜仗不如战胜自己。
It is better to conquer yourself than to win a thousand battles.28.He was thin and haggard and he looked miserable.他很瘦很憔悴看上去一副可怜相。
29.Outside it was pitch dark, and it was raining cats and dogs.外边漆黑一团，大雨倾盆。
30.If winter comes, can spring be far behind?冬天来了，春天还会远么？31.University applicants who had worked at a job would receive preference over those who had not.报考大学的考生有工作经验者优先录取。
32.The prole suffers physically, but he‟s a free man when he isn‟t working.无产者在身体上承受巨大的痛苦，可是不工作时却是自由的。
