记叙文类文章阅读理解技巧
高考阅读理解体裁纷繁多样，但每套试卷通常包含一到两篇记叙文。在所有的阅读体裁中，记叙文的难度相对是比较低的。如果掌握了阅读的技巧，多多实践，阅读能力就有可能大大提高。
要熟练掌握记叙文的阅读技巧，了解记叙文的写作特点与命题特点也是有必要的。
记叙文写作特点
记叙文是一种记载和叙述事件由来，描绘事物和人物情景状态、过程及发展的文体。消息、通讯、传记、游记、小说、童话、寓言以及记叙性的散文等文体，都属于记叙文的范畴。
就写作顺序而言，记叙文要么是按时间顺序，要么是按事件的重要性的顺序来展开。不管是哪种叙述方法，最后经常会有一两句话抒发作者的情绪与感悟，这是记叙文的精华所在，也是阅读的难点所在，可谓“一篇之妙，在于落句”。
记叙文命题特点
从命题形式上看，常见的有细节理解、词义猜测、主旨大意、推理判断、作者意图等题型。除了推论或词义辨识题，记叙文命题的顺序一般都会按照文章的脉络和故事发展的顺序层层推进，否则就会觉得别扭，逻辑不通。同时，记叙文需要事件的发展过程作支撑，一半以上的题目都会用来检测考生对故事的了解，因此，我们必须弄明白整件事情的发展脉络。而其余像主旨大意、作者意图之类的题目，则取决于文章的落句，集中考查对作者所发的感触的理解。总之，细节题是记叙文命题的主流题型。而寓意之类的题则是高一层次的题，有一定的难度和区分度，它们是拉开距离的题，答对了这些题，你才有可能成功地跻身高分之列。综上所述，记叙文的应对策略即：不漏细节，奠定基础；把准寓意，方能成功。
记叙文答题技巧
一把钥匙开一把锁。要解答好记叙文阅读理解题，就应该有一套针对性强的方法和技巧。下面是我们在阅读教学中积累下来的一点心得体会，希望能对大家有所帮助。
一：顺藤摸瓜。
记叙文中有大量的事件发展过程中的细节，包括记叙文的5W（what, who, when, where, why）要素。因此我们作答细节题的时候，就没有那么复杂，一般只需要由前到后，从上到下，一题一题地做就可以了。
二：左顾右盼。
在做题过程中，我们大都不能在文中找到与题干一字不差的词语或句子。这时我们需要认真研究问题，抓住题干中的关键词语，然后到文中准确地找到与之相关的语句，或是疑似语句的位置，接着去左顾，或右盼，在前句或后句寻找线索。
三：刨根问底。
如前所述，主旨大意题或推理判断、作者意图题等实际上是同一类型的问题，或者说是可用同种方法解答的题型。在解答此类题目的时候，不可被题干的表象所迷惑，要像剥洋葱一样，一层一层地剥；在四个可选项中，一个一个地去证实，去排除。特别是解答推论或暗指类的题目，比如“What can be inferred from …?”或是What does the author imply in…?”之类的题目，文中所陈述的往往不是答案。我们要在文前文后去查找，在字里行间里去寻觅。有时还少不了借助自己的生活经验和常理来体会这言外之意。
四：拨云见日。
每年的高考阅读题中，特别是记叙文的阅读题，都会出现一至两道词义猜测题。而这些词汇往往是你素昧平生的，或者和你有点头之交，在文中却另有新意的，总之，猜的是那些在高考词汇表要求之外的词汇。小小的一个词，一个短语，考核的不是你的语法的熟练程度，也不是你的记忆力，而是你对文章通篇或者一个段落的整体把握和变通能力。
这时，你不仅需要“左顾右盼”，还需要在几句话，一个段落，乃至整篇文章的字里行间中快速搜寻，看看前面、后面都发生了些什么；反复琢磨人物、事物，或者人物与事物之间的内在联系，才可能在最后拨开团团迷雾，从四个选项中选出正确答案。
最新英语阅读理解记叙文经典 一、英语阅读理解记叙文（含答案详细解析） 1．阅读理解 Chinese Farmers' Harvest （收获，收割） Festival is the first festival in China for farmers. The festival starting from 2018, falls on the Autumnal Equinox （秋分）each year. The Autumnal Equinox is one of the 24 solar terms（节气）of the Chinese lunar calendar and usually falls between September 22nd and 24th, during the country's harvest season. As we all know, China has the largest population all over the world. It was difficult to feed the largest population in the past. After reform and opening （改革开放）, with the development of modern agriculture （农业）, people's life is getting better and better, and their living conditions have improved a lot. Chinese Farmers' Harvest Festival shows that our government is paying more attention to agriculture and farmers' life. It will greatly encourage farmers to farm and develop further modem agriculture. China has a long history of agriculture. Chinese Farmers' Harvest Festival, the cultural symbol, helps to show China's long farming culture to the world. It also connects the excellent traditional Chinese culture to modem civilization （文明）and improves the cultural self-confidence and national pride. Since the festival is especially created for farmers, they are encouraged to think of their own ways to celebrate harvest. Some activities are held across the country, but most of the celebrations will take place at a local level that comes from local customs. Also, local government usually hosts all kinds of activities for the festival, such as folk culture performances, food tasting and so on. Some people think the festival is the happiest time of a year, even better than the Spring Festival, because food gives people a sense of safety and hope. For other people, the harvest festival is a time to look back at the past and look forward to the future. （1）We probably celebrate the Chinese Farmers' Harvest Festival on ______________. A. September 20th B. September 23rd C. September 25th D. October 1st （2）The main purposes that Chinese Farmers' Harvest Festival was created don't include _______. A. showing the long history of farming culture of China B. improving Chinese cultural self-confidence and national pride C. encouraging Chinese farmers to give up local customs D. connecting the traditional Chinese culture to modem civilization （3）We can learn from the third paragraph that ______________________. A. the celebrations will be differently based on local customs
中考英语阅读理解之记叙文真题解题大揭秘 一、材料特点 人物故事类的阅读理解是中考英语的常考材料之一。这类文章一般可分为人物传记和短篇故事两类。 1. 人物传记主要涉及某人的生平事迹、趣闻轶事、生活背景、个性特征、成长和奋斗历程等，其特点是以时间的先后或事件的发展为主线，脉络清楚，可读性较强。 2. 短篇故事与人物传记不同的是，这类文章一般描述的是某一件具体事情的发生发展或结局，有人物、时间、地点和事件。命题往往从故事的情节、人物或事件之间的关系、作者的态度及意图、故事前因和后果的推测等方面着手，考查考生对细节的辨认能力以及推理判断能力。 二、解题技巧 1. 阅读人物传记类文章时应该抓住时间线索来获取有关信息，即主人翁在某个时间做过什么，然后通过分析推理、综合归纳的方法进行解题。 2. 阅读短篇故事类材料时，同学们一定要根据主要情节掌握文章主旨大意，同时抓住每一个细节，设身处地地根据文章内容揣摩作者的态度和意图，根据情节展开想象，这样的话即使是深层理解题也可迎刃而解。 A（2018年浙江宁波市中考） I graduated from college recently and moved to Washington by myself. While I was in college, it was really easy to meet new people. But "out in the real world", I was finding it really hard. I live in a big city, and it seems like everyone around me is busy or already has all the friends they want. I was feeling so discouraged(沮丧的）and I didn’t know what to do, so I called my sister for some advice. My sister is five years older than I am, so she’s been through all this already. She’s been helping me with my problems all my life. When I explained my problem, she understood completely. She said, "Why don’t you try meeting people online?" "Online? Are you kidding?" I asked. "A friend of mine chatted with a guy online, and when she finally met him face to face, he was nothing like what he said." My sister laughed. "You don’t have to look for dates online," she said. "But you can find other people like you—people who have just moved to town and want to make some new friends. When I first moved to New York after college, I found a book club and a football team online. I met a lot of people that way." "But you don’t even like football!" I said. "I know," she replied. "But that didn’t matter. I still bad a lot of fun. You played volleyball in college. Why don’t you look for a volleyball team to join? Or an art class?" "Yeah! I saw a website about volunteering the other day." I said. "I could volunteer for an organization here in Washington. I bet I could meet a lot of really nice people that way." "Good idea!" my sister answered excitedly. "Hey, you might even meet the perfect guy." "OK, now you’re starting to sound like Mom," I said. "Thanks a lot for the advice. I’m going online rig ht now. I’ll let you know what happens. Will you be home tonight?" "No, but I’ll be here all day tomorrow, so give me a call," my sister replied. "Good luck!" 19. What was the writer’s problem?
?记叙文阅读 ▼“八字诀”：综观理脉检索整合 一、综观——握要。首先着眼于文章的整体，注意理清内部的相互关系，从宏观上居高临下地驾驭文章，领会文章的主旨内涵。其次还要看文章的作者、写作时间和文后的注释等，特别要浏览一下后面问了哪些问题，从题目的选项中揣测文章的主旨，明确作者的主要写作意图。 二、理脉——分层。磨刀不误砍柴功。把握了全篇的主旨，理清了文章的脉络，再解答后面的问题，就如顺风行船，事半功倍。可是有些考生不在这方面下功夫，走马观花地看一遍文章，似懂非懂，就急于解答后面的问题，结果是欲速则不达，不仅费时费力，还容易答错。 三、检索——筛选。先看题目涉及到文中哪些段落或区域，确定对应的语句，题目一般是从选文里有可能被考生忽略且又不一定真懂的地方抽出来编成各种形式的问题，用来考查学生的理解能力。答案要从选文里找，准确抓住关键语句。只要认真揣摩上下文意，大多数题目的答案在原文中是能够“抠”出来的。 四、整合——审查。应注意几点答题要求：1、看是否要用自己的话；2、看要求是否有字数限制(没有要求在简练的基础上多多益善)；3、注意表述的范围、角度和方式，用规范的语言表达。 ▼要求能力 1、理解语篇主旨大意 2、理解文章具体信息 3、根据上下文推断生词的词义 4、作出简单判断和推理 5、理解文章的基本结构 6、理解作者的观点、意图和态度 ▼题型动态 1、主旨大意题 2、细节理解题 3、词义判断题 4、推断题 5、观点态度题
●▓主旨大意题 文章主旨给出的四种形式:文首,文中,文尾,没有明确主旨,需总结. 虽然作者表达主题思想的方式不同，但命题常用的提问方式有以下几种： What’s the main idea/subject/topic of the passage? The main idea of the passage is… ★The passage is mainly about_____. Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the passage? The best title for the passage is/ might be____. The author’s main purpose of writing this passage is____. ★做题要领： 文章主旨通常会出现在文首,文中或文尾，因此寻找主题句或主题段往往是做好此类题的关键。 但当文中没有直接出现主题句，应对文章意思全面理解后归纳概括主旨，但不能太笼统即不切主题,言过其实或以偏概全。 【练一练】 If you were planning to buy a television set, the following advertisement would certainly attract your attention: "Color TV, only $79. Two-day sale. Hurry." However, when you go to the store ready to buy, you may discover that the advertised sets are sold out. But the salesman is quick to reassure you that he has another model, a more reliable set which is "just right for you." It costs $359. This sales tactic is called "bait and switch." Buyers are baited with a sales offer, and then they are switched to another more costly item. Buying items on sale requires careful consideration of the merchandise（商品）and the reasons for the sale. ?Which sentence best expresses the main idea? A) The customer must be on his guard when purchasing items on sale. B) Color television sets which sell for $79 are sold out quickly. C) Many stores use the "bait and switch" technique to attract customers.
高考英语三轮复习天天练 Day 2阅读理解(2)(记叙文) Passage 1 文体：记叙文词数：259 限时：7分钟 Bryan Forbes, who was born in London on 22 July 1926, made his first screen acting appearance in 1918. He landed supporting parts in several outstanding British films, including An Inspector Calls(1954) and The Colditz Story(1955), but it was not long before screenwriting and directing attracted him behind the camera. Together with Richard Attenborough, he set up Beaver Films in 1959. Its first film, The Angry Silence(1960), was written by Forbes and Attenborough played the lead role. His directing career began in 1961 with Whistle down the Wind, featuring child star Hayley Mills. Forbes directed many more films in the 1960s and early 1970s. In 1969 he took over as head of production and managing director of EMI—MGM Elstree, and the studio achieved outstanding successes. But it was a torrid time for the company. Troubled constantly by financial difficulties and staffing issues, Forbes quitted in 1971. He then directed The Stepford Wives, based on the novel by Ira Levin, and in 1975 International Velvet, starring T atum O’Neal, in 1978. Forbes, who counted the late Queen Mother among his friends,
【英语】阅读理解记叙文英语期末复习（word）1 一、英语阅读理解记叙文（含答案详细解析） 1．阅读理解 （1）What kind of the letter may the passage be? A. An admission letter. B. An apology letter. C. A business letter. D. A thank you letter.（2）How much should Zhang Wei pay in all to enter the university? A. HK$ 55,935. B. HK$ 55,810. C. HK$ 55, 685. D. HK$ 55,560.（3）If you were Zhang Wei, how would you feel at this letter? A. Annoyed. B. Excited. C. Upset. D. Anxious. 【答案】（1）A （2）D （3）B 【解析】【分析】句意：这是张伟的一张香港中文大学的录取通知书，其中涉及到专业，学习方式，学位以及费用。 （1）细节理解题。根据文中的语句The Chinese University of Hong kong Admission Notification提示可知，这是一张录取通知书，故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据文中的语句HK$ 55,560.（for native students）以及Zhang Wei （Yuyao，Ningbo）提示可知，张伟的学费是HK$ 55,560，故选D。 （3）理解归纳题。这是一张香港中文大学的录取通知书，张伟收到以后，一定非常的激动，故选B。 【点评】考查阅读理解。本文主要考查细节理解题，首先仔细阅读文后的问题，弄清问题的大意；然后带着问题阅读短文，抓住关键信息，选择正确答案。 2．阅读理解 Chinese Farmers' Harvest （收获，收割） Festival is the first festival in China for farmers. The festival starting from 2018, falls on the Autumnal Equinox （秋分）each year. The Autumnal Equinox is one of the 24 solar terms（节气）of the Chinese lunar calendar and usually falls between September 22nd and 24th, during the country's harvest season. As we all know, China has the largest population all over the world. It was difficult to feed the largest population in the past. After reform and opening （改革开放）, with the development of modern agriculture （农业）, people's life is getting better and better, and their living conditions have improved a lot. Chinese Farmers' Harvest Festival shows that our government is paying more attention to agriculture and farmers' life. It will greatly encourage farmers to farm and develop further modem agriculture. China has a long history of agriculture. Chinese Farmers' Harvest Festival, the cultural symbol, helps to show China's long farming culture to the world. It also connects the excellent traditional Chinese culture to modem civilization （文明）and improves the cultural self-confidence and national pride. Since the festival is especially created for farmers, they are encouraged to think of their own ways to celebrate harvest. Some activities are held across the country, but most of the celebrations will take place at a local level that comes from local customs. Also, local government usually hosts all kinds of activities for the festival, such as folk culture performances, food tasting and so on. Some people think the festival is the happiest time of a year, even better than the Spring Festival, because food gives people a sense of safety and hope. For other people, the harvest festival is a time to look back at the past and look forward to the future. （1）We probably celebrate the Chinese Farmers' Harvest Festival on ______________. A. September 20th B. September 23rd C. September 25th D. October 1st （2）The main purposes that Chinese Farmers' Harvest Festival was created don't include _______. A. showing the long history of farming culture of China B. improving Chinese cultural self-confidence and national pride
(荔湾广雅9月月考) （A） You can probably all ride a bike well. I’m an exception (例外). I started riding a bike when I was three. It was a tiny toy bike with four wheels. I loved it very much and rode it every day. When I was 5, my cousin gave me a pink bike. It was a true bicycle with just two wheels! At the time, my parents were too busy to teach me how to ride it. So I had to learn to ride by myself. I practiced hard on weekends and during vacations, although I still didn’t know how to make turns. One summer vacation, I borrowed an old bike and rode it with my friends on a country road. We sang and practiced our riding skills. Suddenly, a small boy ran into the road. I was shocked and couldn’t control the bike at all. My bike ran into the boy and he f ell. He didn’t get very seriously hurt, but his grandma was too angry to accept my apology. My cousin appeared five minutes later and saved me from the mess. But the experience frightened me: I no longer dared to ride a bike. Then, last year, free bikes were offered to children. My mother tried to teach me how to ride. But the traffic made me so nervous that I had to ride really slowly. But I’m not going to give up. One day, believe me; you’d see me riding a bike in a big street. 47. What kind of bike did the writer have when he was five? A. An electric bicycle. B. A bicycle with two wheels. C. A bicycle with three wheels. D. A bicycle with four wheels. 48. Who taught the writer to ride a bike when he was five? A. His father B. His mother C. His brother D. No one. 49. Who did the writer hit on the road? A. A small girl. B. A small boy. C. An old man. D. An old woman. 50. Why did the writer say ―I no longer dared to ride a bike‖? A. Because his parents didn’t allow him to ride a bike. B. Because he didn’t have bikes any longer. C. Because he hit a small boy and was very frightened. D. Because he was afraid of that small boy’s grandma. 51. What is the best title of the passage? A. My experience of riding bikes. B. The bike I love best. C. How to ride a bike. D. An accident. BDBCA
文体分类练(二)——记叙文 1．文体和结构特点：英语记叙文以描写叙述为主，主要描写人物、地点、事件或过程。其特点是：主题往往隐藏在字里行间，没有直接地表达出来；文章主旨要通过整篇文章来进行提炼；文章大多按时间跨度、空间顺序、上下顺序来展开。 2．答题误区：记叙文阅读理解题的易错点往往在多个事件的先后顺序与人物的情感态度上。解题时，一方面要依据文章的顺序和故事的发展弄清一系列事件的先后顺序以及它们之间的逻辑关系，必要时可以对时间和事件进行排序；另一方面，还要根据人物的处境和描写、议论时所用的特定词语来准确把握人物的情感与态度，做到入情入境，特别要留意描写和议论时所用的形容词和副词。 3．阅读策略：阅读记叙文应采取略读和扫读的方法，快速抓住文章的主要内容，从整体上把握文章的连贯性，进而大体上揣测出作者的写作意图及文章的情感主线，然后阅读题干，在文章中查找相关的信息；最后根据查找到的相关信息做出正确的选择。如果文中所涉及的人物较多，还要弄清人物之间的关系。 (限时28分钟) A (2019·重庆第一次调研)Roberto Clemente is the greatest baseball player of all time. He had an unbelievable batting average (击球率) in all seasons he played. Having won four batting titles, Gold Glove Awards twelve times, and a Most Valuable Player Award, he is certainly the best that ever played. Besides being the best baseball player, Roberto Clemente was also a great man and a hero. In 1972, there was an earthquake in Nicaragua. On December 31 of that year, Clemente flew to Nicaragua to take supplies to the people. Almost immediately after takeoff, the plane crashed into the Caribbean Sea. The best honors for Clemente came after he died. He was the first Latino voted into the Baseball Hall of Fame. In 1999, the city of Pittsburgh, where he played baseball, renamed a
高考英语阅读理解提分专练之记叙文 （一） British children's writer Roald Dahl ate chocolates and sweets “pretty much every mealtime”, remembers daughter Ophelia Dahl. After dinner, whether dining alone or entertaining guests, Dahl would pass around a little red plastic box full of Mars Bars, Milky Ways, Maltesers, Kit Kats and much more. He knew the history of all the sweets and could tell you exactly when they were invented. 1937 was a big year when Kit Kats (his favorite), Rolos and Smarties (his dog, chopper's favorite) were invented. He wrote a history of chocolate, lecturing schoolchildren to commit such dates to memory（熟记）, such as 1928 when “Cadbury's Fruit and Nut Bar popped up on the scene”, saying. “Don't bother with the Kings and Queens of England. All of you should learn these dates instead. Perhaps the Headmistress（女校长）will see from now on that it becomes part of the major teaching in this school.” According to Dahl, the Golden Years of Chocolate were 1930-1937. In 1930, Roald Dahl was 14 years old. He was a student at Repton, a famous boys' boarding school in England. It was a tough environment: those in authority were more interested in controlling than educating the students. Ironically（讽刺地）, it was at this difficult period that chocolate became Dahl's passion. Near Repton was a Cadbury chocolate factory. Every so often, Cadbury would send each schoolboy a sampler（样品）box of new chocolates to taste and grade. They were using the students---“the greatest chocolate bar experts in the world to test out their new inventions. This was when Dahl's imagination took flight. He pictured factories with inventing rooms with pots of chocolate and fudge（软糖）and “all sorts of other delicious fillings bubbling away on the stoves”. “It was lovely dreaming those dreams…when I was looking for a plot for my second book for children. I remembered those little cardboard boxes（纸盒）and the newly invented chocolates inside them, and I began to write a book called Charlie and the Chocolate Factory.” For the record, Roald Dahl did not like chocolate cake or chocolate ice cream. He said, “I prefer my chocolate straight.”
【英语】阅读理解记叙文单元测试题(含答案)经典 一、英语阅读理解记叙文（含答案详细解析） 1．阅读理解 Sitting among the cheering fans of the Chinese Women's Volleyball Team in Rio de Janeiro, a Polish fan caught a lot of attention. It is not because he is not Chinese, but because he has followed the team closely from the very beginning The 60-year-old Jozef fell in love with the Chinese Women's Volleyball Team at the first sight when he watched the girls at the London Olympics on TV in 2012. The Polish man was crazy about the performances of the young team, especially by its core player Hui Ruoqi. Before that Jozef was a loyal fan of his home team﹣ the Polish men's volleyball. Since then, Jozef has become crazy about the team and has kept track of almost all their international competitions. Back in the 2013 Montreux Volley Masters of Switzerland, the Polishman, for the first time, came to cheer up for the team on site. He also drove all the way from Polandto Italy to lend support for the girls during the 2014 Women's World Volleyball Championship. The hardcore fan traveled hundreds of miles from Poland to Brazil, and booked tickets for allmatches of the Chinese Women's Volleyball. This time, Jozef was interviewed by TV and has been recognized by not just fans, but millions of Chinese TV audience. The" Polish grandpa" was a nickname given by Chinese volleyball fans. He has 18,000 followers on Sina Weibo, China's answer to Twitter, where Jozef has been sharing his obsession with Chinese internet users since 2013. （1）Why did Jozef get much attention？ A. He was interviewed by Chinese TV. B. He is a famous and loyal Polish fan. C. He has supported the Chinese team from the start. D. He was sitting among the fans of the Chinese team. （2）When did Jozef first become interested in the Chinese Women's Volleyball Team？ A. In 2012. B. In 2013. C. In 2014. D. In 2015. （3）How did Jozef come to Italy to support the Chinese Woomen's Volleyball Team？ A. By car B. By bus C. By bike D. By plane （4）What can we learn from the passage？ A. Jozef has already had millions of fans in Poland. B. Jozef has been a fan of his home team since 2012. C. Jozef first cheered up for the Chinese team on site in 2014. D. Jozef has followed most of the international matches of the Chinese team. （5）What has Jozef been doing on Sina Weibo？ A. Giving support to the Polish team B. Sharing his love for the Chinese team C. Answering questions about playing volleyball D. Booking tickets for matches of the Chinese team