Unit 4
一、词汇短语
Text A
coincide [ ] vi. 一致，同时发生，符合
【例句】They didn’t coincide in opinion. 他们的意见不统一。
【词组】coincide with一致，符合
【派生】coincidence n. 巧合；一致；同时发生
cobbler [ ] n. 补鞋匠；工匠；冷饮料；脆皮水果馅饼
compulsory [ ] adj. 义务的；必修的；强制的，强迫的
【例句】Education is compulsory in Britain. 英国实行义务教育。
【助记】com（共同）+puls（推）+ory→共同推行→强迫的，义务的
【派生】compulsion n. 强制；强迫；强制力
aristocracy [ ] n. 贵族；贵族统治；上层社会；贵族政治
ritualize [ ] vt. 使仪式化；奉行仪式主义
【例句】Ritualize practice. 使练习仪式化。
grouse [ ] n. 松鸡；雷鸟科的猎鸟；怨言
vi. 埋怨
duel [ ] n. 决斗；斗争，抗争
vi. 决斗
equivalent [ ] adj. 相等的，相当的，等价的
n. 等价物，相等物
【例句】Some American words have no British equivalent.美国英语的一些单词在英国英语中没有对等的词。
【词组】the equivalent of …的等同物
【助记】equi（相等）+val（强壮的）+ent→相等的，等量的
【派生】equivalence n. 等值；相等
aggressive [ ] adj. 侵略的，好斗的；敢做敢为的，有进取心的；强有力的；坚持己见的
【例句】He is respected as a very aggressive and competitive executive.他是一位锐意进取、竞争意识很强的主管，颇受尊敬。
【词组】aggressive behavior 攻击行为；侵犯行为
aggressive weapons攻击性武器
an aggressive young executive一个进取心很强的年轻管理人员
【助记】ag（加强语气）+gress（行走）+ive（形容词后缀）→再走过去→攻击性的
【派生】aggressively adv. 侵略地；攻击地；有闯劲地
aggression n. 侵略；进攻；侵犯；侵害
apt [ pt] adj. 恰当的，适当的；易于…的，有…倾向的；灵敏的
【例句】Food is apt to deteriorate in summer. 食物在夏天容易变质。
【词组】apt to易于…的；适当的
【助记】近于appropriate 适当的
Text B
counsel [ ] n. 讨论，商议；辩护律师
vt. 劝告，忠告；建议
【例句】I listened to an old man’s counsel. 我听从了一个老人的劝告。
【派生】counselor n. 顾问；法律顾问；参事（等于counsellor）
counselling n. 辅导；建议
span [ ] n. 跨度，跨距；一段时间
vt. 跨越；持续；以手指测量
【例句】His professional career spanned 16 years. 他的职业生涯持续了16年。
【助记】sp（专家）+an（一个）→一个专家持续一段时间。
considerable [ ] adj. 可观的，相当大（或多）的；值得考虑的
【例句】He has done considerable things for me. 他为我做了不少事。
【助记】consider（考虑）+able（可以的）→可以考虑在内的，说明相当多，不能忽视
ethnic [ ] adj. 人种的，种族的；异教徒的；人种学的
【例句】There are still several million ethnic Germans in Russia. 在俄罗斯仍有几百万德国族裔。【词组】ethnic minorities, groups, communities, etc. 少数民族的；族群的；种族社区的等
【助记】ethn（种族）+ic→种族的
【派生】ethnical adj. 种族的（等于ethnic）；人种的；人种学的
handicap [ ] n. 缺陷，障碍；不利条件，困难
v. 妨碍，使不利，阻碍
【例句】Lack of money handicapped him in his business badly. 缺少资金对他的生意十分不利。【助记】手里（hand）拿着我（i）的帽子（cap）妨碍（handicap）我工作。
conviction [ ] n. 确信；定罪
【例句】This was her third conviction for cheating. 这是她第三次被判犯有欺诈罪。
【助记】con（共同）+vict（联想victory）+ion→深信共同努力就会成功
perceive [ ] v. 感知，察觉；理解，领悟，意识到
【例句】Did you perceive a red colour or a green one? 你看出来是红颜色还是绿颜色？
【词组】perceive sth. as sth. 理解或领悟某事物；认为
【助记】per（透过）+ceive（取）→透过感觉来拿→察觉。
【派生】perception n. 知觉；[生理] 感觉；看法；洞察力；获取
aptitude [ ]n. 天资，才能；倾向，习性
【例句】①He is a boy of remarkable aptitude.他是一个神童。
②He drifted into publishing and discovered an aptitude for working with accounts.他偶
入出版界，发现自己具有管账的天资。
【词组】have an aptitude for有…的天性，有…的才能
have an aptitude to（vices）易染（恶习）
coordinate [ ] n. 同等者，同等物
adj. 同等的，并列的
vt. 调整，协调；使同等
【例句】Tie it with fabric bows that coordinate with other furnishings. 扎上和其他的饰品相配的布制蝴蝶结。
【词组】coordinate with 使协调；配合
【助记】co一起+ order 命令，秩序→一起听从命令就是协调
【派生】coordinated adj. 协调的
coordination n. 协调，调和；对等，同等
extensive [ ] adj. 广大的，广阔的，广泛的
【例句】The school has extensive playing fields. 这个学校有宽阔的活动场地。
【助记】ex（出）+tens（伸展）+ive（形容词后缀）→伸展出去→广泛的
moderate [ ] adj. 有节制的；中等的；温和的；适度的；稳健的
v. 减轻，缓和；使节制
【例句】The wind has moderated, making sailing safer. 风势已减弱，做帆船运动较为安全了。【助记】mod（方式）+er+ate（具有…的）→有方式的→不过分的→有节制的
【派生】moderation n. 适度；节制；温和；缓和
predictor [ ] n. [气象] 预报器；预言者
clarify [ ] v. 澄清，阐明
【例句】My mind suddenly clarified. 我的脑子突然清醒过来了。
【助记】源自clear，clear + ify使；clar（联想：clear清晰）+ify（使…化）→使清晰。【派生】clarification n. 澄清，说明；净化
psychology [ ] n. 心理学；心理；心理状态
【例句】I can’t understand that man’s psychology. 我无法理解那个人的心理。
【派生】psychological adj. 心理的；心理学的；精神上的
legitimate [ ] adj. 合法的；正当的，合理的；正统的
vt. 使合法；认为正当（等于legitimize）
【例句】Politicians are legitimate targets for satire. 政治家理所当然是讽刺的靶子。
【助记】leg（法律）+i（我）+ti（拼音：提）+mate（伙伴）→法律上讲，我提到我的伙伴
是合法的。
【派生】legitimacy n. 合法；合理；正统
orientation [ ] n. 方向（位）；适应；定位；倾向性
【例句】The winding trail caused the hikers to lose their orientation. 弯弯曲曲的小径使徒步旅行者迷失了方向。
【助记】o（形似：太阳）+ri（联想rise）+ent（联想enter）+ation（名词后缀）→太阳从东方升起。
enrich [ ] v. （使）富足；（使）肥沃；装饰；浓缩；加料于
【例句】Music can certainly enrich your whole life. 音乐肯定会使你的整个生活丰富多彩。【词组】enrich with使…丰富
【助记】en（使）+rich（富有）
【派生】enrichment n. 丰富；改进；肥沃；发财致富
ultimately [ ]adv. 最后，终于；根本，基本上
【例句】She was confident that she would ultimately triumph over adversity. 她相信自己最终能战胜逆境。
二、课文精解
Text A
1. Wystan H. Auden：威斯坦·休·奥登（Wystan Hugh Auden，1907—1973年），英裔美国诗人，是继托马斯·艾略特之后最重要的英语诗人。毕业于牛津大学。30年代崭露头角，成为新一代诗人代表和左翼青年作家领袖。1939年移居美国，后入美国籍并皈依基督教。前期创作多涉及社会和政治题材，后期转向宗教。以能用从古到今各种诗体写作著称。代表作有《西班牙》《新年书信》《忧虑的时代》等。
2. In a society where slavery in the strict sense has been abolished, whether what a man does has social value depends on whether he is paid money to do it, but a laborer today can rightly be called a wage slave.在一个严格意义上已废除奴隶制的社会里，一个人做的事情是否具有社会价值取决于他是否为完成此项工作得到了报酬。然而，今天的劳动者可以被称为名副其实的工资奴隶。
句中but连接两个并列分句；in a society引导地点状语，其中where引导定语从句，修饰society；前一个分句的谓语动词是depends on，主语和宾语都是whether引导的名词性从句。
in the strict sense从严格意义上说，严格来讲。例：
So far the discussion has centered entirely around mutation in the strict sense.到目前为止，严格来讲，讨论完全集中于围绕突变问题上。
wage工资；报偿。与salary的区别是：salary按月发放的工资，领工资者常是有专门技能和知识的人。wage按星期或按天发放的工资才页工资者常是体力劳动者。例：Congress has legislated a new minimum wage for workers.国会制定了一项新的关于工人最低工资的法律。
The government has decided to increase salaries for all civil servants.政府已决定给所有公
务员加薪。
3. A man is a laborer if the job society offers him is of no interest to himself but he is compelled to take it by the necessity of earning a living and supporting his family.如果社会给一个人提供一份他本人不感兴趣的工作，他出于养家糊口的需要不得已才从事这项工作，那这个人就是一个劳动者。
句子的主干为：A man is a laborer…；if引导条件状语从句，其中but连接两个并列句，在第一个分句中society offers him是定语从句，修饰job。
be compelled to不得不…；被强迫…。例：
The enemy were compelled to lay down their arms.敌人被迫放下武器。
compel与force均有“强迫；迫使”之意，区别：compel指在法律、权力、力量或行动等的驱使下被迫而为。force指用个人意志、权力、权威或暴力等，迫使他人改变看法或做本不愿做的事。例：
The law can compel fathers to make regular payments for their children.这项法律可强制父亲定期支付子女的费用。
You shall never force him to suppress the facts of his life.你绝对不能强迫他把过去生活中的那些事实隐瞒起来。
earn a living谋生；赚钱过活。例：
Nowadays it is very easy to earn a living.现今谋生很容易。
4. The difference does not, for example, coincide with the difference between a manual and a mental job; a gardener or a cobbler may be a worker, a bank clerk a laborer.这种差异与体力劳动和脑力劳动之间的差异并不吻合。譬如，一个园丁或者鞋匠也许就是一个工作者，而一个银行职员则可能是一个劳动者。
句子的主干为：The difference does not coincide with the difference between a manual and a mental job…；for example为插入语，分号后面为作者给出的例子。
coincide with与…一致；相符，符合。例：
His tastes and habits coincide with those of his wife.他的爱好跟习惯恰好和他的妻子相同。
mental脑力的；精神上的，心理上的。短语make a mental note of意为“记在脑子里；把…牢记在心”，例：
I made a mental note of the phrase.我牢牢记住了那个短语。
5. At a guess I would say sixteen per cent, and I do not think that figure is likely to get bigger in the future.我估计大概有16%，而且，我认为这个数字将来也不会增加。
at a guess据推测；凭猜想。例：
At a guess he’s been dead for two days.据猜测，他已死了两天。
与guess相关的其他短语：
①keep sb. guessing让（人）捉摸不定。例：
The author’s intention is to keep everyone guessing until the bitter end.这位作家打算把悲惨结局的悬念一直保留到最后。
②guess what你猜怎么着；想不到吧。例：
Guess what, I just got my first part in a movie.你猜怎么着，我刚刚得到了自己的第一个电影角色。
be likely to倾向于，很有可能。例：
Train fares are likely to remain unchanged.火车票价很可能会保持不变。
6. Technology and the division of labor have done two things: by eliminating in many fields the need for special strength or skill, they have made a very large number of paid occupations which formerly were enjoyable work into boring labor, and by increasing productivity they have reduced the number of necessary laboring hours.技术和劳动的分工成就了两件事：通过在许多领域取消了特别才能和技术的需要，把过去本来令人愉快的大量受雇职业的工作变成了令人厌倦的劳动；通过提高生产力，缩短了劳动所需的时间。
句子的主干为：Technology and the division of labor have done two things；这“两件事”分别是：they have made a very large number of paid occupations into boring labor和they have reduced the number of necessary laboring hours；句中有连个由by引导的介词短语作方式状话，说明技术进步和劳动分工造成这两件事的手段；定话从句which formerly were enjoyable work修饰occupations。
division of labor分工，劳动分工。例：
They do not take advantage of the division of labor and other forms of specialization.他们不能利用劳动分工以及其他形式的专业化。
division除了表示“分开；分配”之意外，还有“分歧；除法；部门”之意。例：
division of wealth财产的分配。division of business营业部。
mak e…into表示“使…转变为，使成为；把…做成”，相当于change…into。例：
Bees gather nectar and make it into honey.蜂采花蜜制成蜂蜜。
7. Again, the masses cannot go in for hunting, for very soon there would be no animals left to hunt.再者，广大民众也不会再去狩猎，因为，要不了多久可供猎取的动物就没有了。
句子的主干为：the masses cannot go in for hunting；for ve ry soon…为原因状语。
the masses意为“民众；普通老百姓”，例：
It’s necessary for leading cadres to keep frequent contacts with the masses.领导应和群众经常见面。
a mass of许多；一堆；一大群（人）。例：
After the crash the car was a mass of twisted metal.那辆车撞成了一堆扭曲的废铁。
There is a mass of people in the cafeteria today.今天自助餐厅里有很多人。
in the mass总体上，总的说来。例：
The design in the mass is good.这个设计总体上还是好的。
go in for 参加(比赛等)；从事；爱好。例：
Most students in our class go in for scientific activities.我们班上大多数学生参加各项科学活动。
They go in for tennis and bowls.他们爱打网球和保龄球。
hunt句中意为“打猎”，相关搭配：①hunt for搜寻；寻找。例：
A forensic team was hunting for clues.法医小组正在寻找线索。
②hunt down对…穷追到底，追捕到。例：
Last December they hunted down and killed one of the gangsters.去年12月他们追捕到其中一名匪徒并将其击毙。
8. For other aristocratic amusements like gambling, dueling, and warfare, it may be only too easy
Unit 4 Earthquake 1、shake v.＆n. ①v t.＆vi.(shook, shaken) 摇动；震动；颤抖; shake hands with sb /shake sb’ s hand / shake sb. by the hand 与…握手 shake one’ s head at sb 朝某人摇头(表否定, 怀疑, 悲伤, 不赞成等) shake with…. 因…..而颤抖 e.g.: a. shake with laughter, fear, rage, etc 笑得, 吓得, 气得……打颤 b. shake with cold 冻得发抖 shake one’ s fist at sb 向某人挥拳表示愤怒或恐吓. e.g.: a. shake the bottle before using. 使用之前请摇动瓶子. b. The earthquake shook the building. 地震使房子振动. ②n. [ c ] (多用单数) 摇动; 震动; e.g.: a shale pf the head 摇头 辨析: shake, tremble ,quake ①shake 为常用词, 表示短促而迅速地上下往来摇动. ②tremble 尤指身体因恐惧、激动或愤怒轻微、快速、不由自主地颤抖. e.g.: tremble with rage, excitement etc trembling hands 颤抖的手 ③quake 较为正式, 常同tremble ,但含“猛烈”的意思. e.g.: quake with fear/cold 因恐惧[寒冷]而颤抖. △quake n. (口) == earthquake 练习: The boy shook his mother’s hand. →The boy shook hand. 2、right away == at once / without delay. 毫不耽搁地；不可用于进行时态. e.g.: I’ll write to him right away. right now == immediately / in no time / in a moment / at this very moment / at present 立刻;在此时;在此刻. 在作“在此时”, “在此刻”讲时,可用于进行时态. e.g.: He’s writing a novel right now. 2、rise vi. (rose; risen) ①(太阳, 月亮, 星星等)升起;出现; == go up / come up 反义→set ②(物价, 东西等)上涨;上升; == go up / increase(vi.) 反义→go down / fall / drop rise to 上升到; rise by 上升了; ③(人等)站起来,起床,起身. rise to one’s feet == stand up 站起来 raise sb to one’s feet 把某人扶起来 early to bed and early to rise 早睡早起 n. 升起;升高；增加=increase give rise to sth 引起;导致; == cause sth / lead to / result in / bring about sth give sb a rise 给某人涨工资;提职; the rise and fall of the British Empire 大英帝国的兴衰 e.g.: a. The Sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
.精品文档. 人教版2018 高一英语必修一Unit4 单词表 人教版2018 高一英语必修一Unit 4 单词表Unit 4 earthquake n. 地震quake n. 地震right away 立刻；马上well n. 井 △ rak n. 裂缝；噼啪声 vt. ≈ vi. (使)开裂；破裂 △ selly ad. 发臭的；有臭味的 △ faryard n. 农场；农家pipe n. 管；导管burst vi. (burst, burst) 爆裂；爆发n. 突然破裂；爆发illin n. 百万event n. 事件；大事as if 仿佛；好像at an end 结束；终结 natin n. 民族；国家；国民anal n. 运河； 水道stea n. 蒸汽；水汽 .精品文档. dirt n. 污垢；泥土ruin n. 废墟；毁灭vt. 毁灭；使破产in ruins 严重受损；破败不堪suffering n. 苦难；痛苦extree ad. 极度的inure vt. 损害；伤害 △ survivr n. 幸存者；生还者；残存物 destry vt. 破坏；毁坏；消灭brik n. 砖；
砖块da n. 水坝；堰堤trak n. 轨道；足迹；痕迹useless ad. 无用的；无效的；无益的shk vt. ≈ vi. （使）震惊；震动n. 休克；打击；震惊resue n. ≈ vt. 援救；营救 trap vt. 使陷入困境n. 陷阱；困境eletriity n. 电；电流；电学disaster n. 灾难；灾祸dig ut 掘出；发现bury vt. 埋葬；掩埋；隐藏 .精品文档. ine n. 矿；矿山；矿井iner n. 矿工shelter n. 掩蔽；掩蔽处；避身处 a (great) nuber f 许多；大量的title n. 标题；头衔；资格reprter n. 记者bar n. 条；棒；条状物daage n. ≈ vt. 损失；损害frighten vt. 使惊吓；吓唬frightened ad. 受惊的；受恐吓的 frightening ad. 令人恐惧的ngratulatin n. 祝贺；(复数)贺词udge n. 裁判员；法官vt. 断定；判断；判决sinerely adv. 真诚地；真挚地express vt. 表示；表达n. 快车；速递utline n. 要点；大纲；轮廓headline n. 报刊的大字标题ylist n. 骑自行
应Key to book4 unit1-4 Unit 1 Active reading (1) Looking for a job after university? First, get off the sofa Reading and understanding Dealing with unfamiliar words 3 Match the words in the box with their definitions. 1 to make progress by moving to the next stage in a series of actions or events (proceed) 2 the process of changing from one situation, form or state to another (transition) 3 not feeling involved with someone or something in a close or emotional way (detached) 4 referring to something which will happen soon (upcoming) 5 to be sitting still in a position that is not upright (slump) 6 to return to a previous state or way of behaving (revert) 7 to say what happened (recount) 4 Complete the paragraph with the correct form of the words in Activity 3. It isn‘t easy to make the (1) transition from a busy university student to an unemployed young adult (2) slumped on a bar stool or half watching a mindless television show, wondering if and how their career is going to (3) proceed. Many people who have experienced a long period of inactivity like this, when (4) recounting how they felt at the time, refer to the same strange psychological effect. As the days pass, they begin to feel (5) detached from any sense of pressure to go and look for a job, and tend to regard (6) upcoming interviews as if they were not very important. Typically, back at home after three or four years away, they (7) revert to old habits, start seeing old friends, and, in many cases, become dependent again on their parents. 5 Replace the underlined words with the correct form of the words in the box. You may need to make other changes. 1 I went to a mixed-ability secondary school just outside London. (comprehensive) 2 I got stopped by a policeman who asked to see my driving licence. (cop) 3 Have you seen this beautiful from the air view of Oxford? (aerial) 4 Isabel tightly her bag as she walked down the corridor towards the office. (clutched) 5 You should speak to Toby; he‘s an supporter of flexible working hours. (advocate) 6 I hurt my leg badly a couple of months ago, and it still hasn‘t got better completely. (healed) 6 Answer the questions about the words. 1 Is a dead-end job one with (a) exciting prospects, or (b) no future? 2 Is a tricky problem (a) difficult, or (b) easy to solve? 3 If an activity saps all your energy, do you feel (a) tired, or (b) more active than usual? 4 Does a pushy person try to (a) persuade you to do something you don‘t want to, or (b) help you by listening to what you have to say? 5 If you feel apathy, do you want to (a) change the world, or (b) stay at home and do nothing? 7 Answer the questions about the phrases.
高考英语必修5 Unit4 学案教案（含答案） 早读： Ⅰ.词汇短语过关 1．assist vi. & vt. & n．帮助；援助；协助 assistance n．援助；帮助；补助 assistant n．助手；助理 adj.辅助的；助理的 assist sb. with sth.帮助某人做某事 assist sb. in doing sth./to do sth.帮助某人做某事 assist at/in sth.参加某事物 come to sb.’s assistance帮助某人 with the assistance of在……的帮助下 [即学即练1] (1)The students ________________________ doing the experiment.学生们协助教授做实验。 (2)We all ____________ mending the roof.我们都帮助修理屋顶。 (3)We asked him to _______________ designing a new bridge.我们请他帮助我们设计一座新桥。 答案是：assisted the professor in;assisted in;assist us in (4)He can walk only ________________________ crutches.他只能靠一副拐杖走路。 (5)Despite his cries, no one ________________________.尽管他喊叫，却没有人来帮助他。 答案是：with the assistance of;came to his assistance 2．concentrate vt. 集中；全神贯注 concentration n. 专心；专注 concentrate (sth.) on (doing) sth. 集中于；专心于…… concentrate one‘s attention/efforts/thoughts on...把注意力/努力/思想集中到……be concentrated in/on/upon sth. 集中于，专心于 [即学即练2](1)We should ____________ all our effort ______ improving education. 我们应该致力于改进教育工作。 (2)He _______________ the study of English.他把重点放在英语学习上。 (3)Our population __________________ the big cities.我国人口集中在大城市里。 答案是：concentrate on；concentrated on;is concentrated in 拓展：focus/fix one‘s attention on... 集中注意力于…… put one’s mind/heart in (into) 专心于…… be absorbed in... 一心一意于…… apply oneself/one‘s mind to... 专心于…… pay attention to 专心，注意…… 以上短语中 in, to 都是介词，后接名词或动名词。 3．acquire vt. 获得，取得，学到 [即学即练3](1)I managed to __________________ for the concert.我设法弄到了两张音乐会的票。 (2)She ________________________ French.她学会了法语。 (3)Mr Brown __________________ in the oil business.布朗先生在石油生意上发了财。答案是：acquire two tickets;acquired a knowledge of;acquired a fortune
综合英语教程第三版4 邹为诚主编 第二单元p37 1.玛丽看到一个贼眉鼠眼的男人走进邻居家里。shifty Mary saw a shifty-eyed man walking into a neighbor’s house. 2.鲍勃总是嘲笑我对服饰的眼光。sneer at Bob always sneers at my taste in clothes. 3.打探别人的秘密是不礼貌的。pry It is impolite to pry into other’s secrets. 4.我想克里斯想要抢我的饭碗。be after sth I think Chris is after my job. 5.她看到克里斯给他使的眼色，说话的声音便越来越小了。trail off She trailed off, silenced by the look Chris gave her. 6.那些树枝干而易断。brittle The branches were dry and brittle. 7.收音机老是发出噼里啪啦的声响，我们几乎听不清里面说些什么。crackle The radio cracked so much that we could hardly hear what was said. 8.地面向海倾斜。slope The land slopes down to the sea. 9.他的口袋里鼓鼓囊囊的塞满了钞票。bulge His pockets were bulging with money. 10.我不得不和出租车司机就车费讨价还价。haggle I had to haggle with the taxi driver over the fare. 第三单元p58 1. 这样的好机会千载难逢。once in a blue moon An opportunity as good as this arises/occurs only once in a blue mo on. 2. 这个孩子因为私自拿了母亲包里的钱而觉得十分愧疚。guilty of The boy felt guilty for taking money from his mother’s handbag with out permission. 3. 她知道他的话一句真的也没有。give credence to She did not give credence to a single word of his story. 4. 一般来说，老师对学生的错误都比较宽容。be tolerant of Generally speaking, teachers are tolerant of their students’ mistakes. 5. 我想当然地以为你会跟我们一起来，于是就给你买了票。take… for granted I took it for granted that you’d want to come with us, so I boug ht you a ticket. 6. 由于经理的不断劝导，工作人员很快就改掉了迟到的坏习惯。break the habit Thanks to the manager’s repeated counseling, the staff soon broke th e bad habit o f comin g late to work. 7. 他现在对她发火，但不久会原谅她的。这只是几小时的事，仅此而已。a matter of, that’s all He’s furious with her now, but he’ll forgive her soon. It’s just/ only a matter of a few hours, that’s all. 第四单元p78
1 In 1812, Napoleon Bonaparte, Emperor of the French, led his Grand Army into Russia. He was prepared for the fierce resistance of the Russian people defending their homeland. He was prepared for the long march across Russian soil to Moscow, the capital city. But he was not prepared for the devastating enemy that met him in Moscow -- the raw, bitter, bleak Russian winter. 1812年，法国皇帝拿破仑·波拿巴率大军入侵俄罗斯。他准备好俄罗斯人民会为保卫祖国而奋勇抵抗。他准备好在俄罗斯广袤的国土上要经过长途跋涉才能进军首都莫斯科。但他没有料到在莫斯科他会遭遇劲敌—俄罗斯阴冷凄苦的寒冬。 2 In 1941, Adolf Hitler, leader of Nazi Germany, launched an attack against the Soviet Union, as Russia then was called. Hitler's military might was unequaled. His war machine had mowed down resistance in most of Europe. Hitler expected a short campaign but, like Napoleon before him, was taught a painful lesson. The Russian winter again came to the aid of the Soviet soldiers. 1941年，纳粹德国元首阿道夫·希特勒进攻当时被称作苏联的俄罗斯。希特勒的军事实力堪称无敌。他的战争机器扫除了欧洲绝大部分地区的抵抗。希特勒希望速战速决，但是，就像在他之前的拿破仑一样，他得到的是痛苦的教训。仍是俄罗斯的冬天助了苏维埃士兵一臂之力。
高中英语必修三 u n i t4学案及答案-CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN
Book3 Unit4 Period 6 编写：孙东夷 3/10/2015 学习目标：A/B 1.复习并掌握本单元单词和词组 2.能拓展相关词汇并应用 C 1复习并掌握本单元单词和词组 2.能拓展相关词汇 D.1. 复习并掌握本单元单词和词组 Ⅰ.立体式复习单词 A．基础单词 1．________n．系统；体系；制度2．________n．宗教；宗教信仰3．________n．学说；理论4．________prep.不同，不像5．________vi.& vt.乘；增加6．________adv.因此，于是7．________n．万有引力；重力8．________adj.温和的；文雅的9．________n．气候 10．________vi.& vt.碰撞，坠落11．________n．& vt.拉(力)，拖，牵引(力) 12．________vi.& vt.(使)浮动，(使)漂浮 B．词汇拓展 13．________adj.猛烈的；激烈的；强暴的→________n．暴力；暴行；剧烈14．________adj.基本的；基础的→________adv.根本上；完全地 15．________adj.有害的→________n．危害；害处 16．________vi.存在；生存→________n．存在，生存 17．________n．谜；难题 vt.& vi.(使)迷惑；(使)为难→________adj.令人迷惑的，困惑的→________adj.迷惑的，困惑的 18．________n．地球，世界→________adj.全球性 Ⅱ.递进式回顾短语 A．短语互译 1．________________及时，终于2．________________下蛋 3．________________产生，分娩4．________________阻止，制止5．________________in one's turn 6．________________cheer up 7．________________break out 8．________________watch out 9．________________block out 10．________________now that B．用上面短语的适当形式填空 11．Do you know that crocodiles reproduce by__________ 12．During the car accident，he was____________to escape from the car without being hurt. 13．The tall tree____________the sunlight. 14．The war____________between the two countries. 15．____________for wild animals when you go up the hills. Ⅲ.仿写式活用句型 2
Unit 1 1.他对这次面试中可能提到的问题作好了准备。（confront） He has prepared answers to the questions that he may confront during the interview. 2.他悲惨的遭遇深深打动了我们，使我们几乎哭出声来。（touch） His sad experience touched us so deeply that we nearly cried. 3.他们俩手挽着手沿着河边散步，有说有笑。(hand in hand) The two of them are walking hand in hand along the riverbank, chatting and laughing. 4.听到这令人激动的消息之后，他眼睛里涌出欢乐的泪水。(well up) When he heard the exciting news, tears of joy welled up in his eyes. 5.上海人容易听懂苏州话，因为上海话和苏州话有许多共同之处。(in common) People from Shanghai can understand Suzhou dialect with ease, for Shanghai dialect and Suzhou dialect have much in common. 6.亨利和妻子正在考虑能不能在3年内买一幢新房子。(look into) Henry and his wife are looking into the possibility of buying a new house within three years.
别再为迟到找借口 哈里·贝地 每个办公室总有那么几个人习惯上班迟到。管理者该如何处理多元文化环境里的这一问题呢？文化背景不同，时间观念也大不相同，作为老板，应持何种态度，是忍气吞声还是采取惩罚措施呢？ 专家告诉我们，西方人和东方人对时间的看法是不同的。从文化角度来说，西方人更多地生活在当前和不远的将来，而亚洲人却更多地生活在古老的过去和遥远的未来。 亚洲人尽力避免成为时间的神经质的奴隶。生活在他们看来只是永恒中的匆匆一瞬。他们喜欢旅游所带来的那种“失重”感，没有近期目标，也没有紧急任务。 对许多亚洲人来说，生活是一次漫长的旅行。幸福绝对不是一个时间问题。他们喜欢按部就班，不愿来去匆匆。静观季节的变化、儿女的成长也不认为是在虚度光阴。 西方人相信幸福就在不远的前方。多花点时间，多费点金钱，多下点工夫就能达到。尤其是美国人，他们就靠时间紧迫的日程安排和最后期限而生存。 但是学究们深思熟虑悟出的这一见解又是如何与上班守时这一问题联系起来的呢？是否我们应该从这种文化方面的差异得出结论，一些雇员上班拖拖拉拉就是合情合理的？还是说这意味着一个管理者应该忽略守时这一工作守则呢？ 表面上看来，管理者会不得不对一些文化群体比对另一些文化群体在守时方面更宽容一些，但是这在城市文明中是站不住脚的，它将使人相信此种文化的时间观念比西方的时间观念逊色这一学术论调。 这便混淆了两种截然不同的事情：遵守时间和对时间的哲学观。 一个人认为时间是以百年来度量的，并非以秒来计算，这与他每天能够按时到办公室上班并无关系。没有哪一个亚洲雇员会为自己的迟到找一个文化背景方面的借口。他可能会寻找一些更现代化的借口，如交通堵塞、表慢了以及停车麻烦等。这些措辞与西方办公室人员所用的藉口并无区别。为什么在亚洲经常以这些借口迟到可以被接受，而在西方这样一个人却被认为是不可依靠、不可信赖的呢？ 问题可能是，在我们亚洲人的社会生活中，对于那些让我们在市区约会的地点等候半小时的亲友们，我们往往比较宽容。我们不会认为他们不把我们的友谊和亲情当回事儿。我们也不会认为他们失礼。更糟糕的是，我们还容许他们用含糊其辞的借口来为自己开脱。 可是，如何对待社会生活中的那些迟到者却是个人问题。而在现代商业领域，我们不容许有这种灵活性。 如果一个人偶尔一次上班迟到，谁也不会在意。遵守时间不应成为一时的风尚。而在一个办公环境中，应该有这样一种纪律约束的氛围来使人们遵守时间。 即使那些实行弹性工作时间的公司，也会规定哪些时间雇员必须在办公室，否则就无法召集各个部门一起开会。 一些公司可能会主动改变他们的上下班时间，以使雇员能够避开交通高峰期。但那并不是说就不再需要守时。 一般来说，迟到这一问题只和少数雇员有关。管理者应该试图通过劝告——必要的话可反复教育——来改变他们的坏习惯。这并非易事，而且有时还颇需要些耐心。 但是，我们也应摆脱那种认为期望别人守时就是不能容忍某种文化的迂腐观点。这种陈词滥调应当立即摒 弃。
全新版大学英语综合教程4课后翻译答案 Unit 1 1) The offensive had already lasted three days, but we had not gained much ground. Our troops engaging the enemy at the front were faced with strong/fierce/stiff resistance. The division commander instructed our battalion to get around to the rear of the enemy and launch a surprise attack. To do so, however, we had to cross a marshland and many of us were afraid we might get bogged down in the mud. Our battalion commander decided to take a gamble. We started under cover of darkness and pressed on in spite of great difficulties. By a stroke of luck, the temperature at night suddenly dropped to minus 20 degrees Celsius and the marsh froze over. Thanks to the cold weather, we arrived at our destination before dawn and began attacking the enemy from the rear. This turned the tide of the battle. The enemy, caught off guard, soon surrendered. Unit 2 Automobiles have, since their invention, revolutionized transportation, changing forever the way people live, travel, and do business. On the other hand, they have brought hazards, especially highway fatalities. However, today the application of computer technology and electronic sensors in designing and manufacturing cars makes it possible to eliminate most of traffic accidents. For example, electronic sensors mounted in your car can detect alcohol vapor in the air and refuse to start up the engine. They can also monitor road conditions by receiving radio signals sent out from orbiting satellites and greatly reduce your chances of getting stuck in traffic jams. Unit 3 Well begun, half done,as the saying goes. It is extremely important for a job applicant to do his
3 1.An opportunity as good as this arises / occurs only once in a blue moon. 2. The boy felt guilty of taking money from his mother's handbag without permission. 3. She did not give credence to a single word of his story. 4. Generally speaking, teachers are tolerant of their students' mistakes. . I took it for granted you'd want to come with us, so I bought you a ticket. 6. Thanks to the manager's repeated counseling, the staff soon broke the bad habit of coming late to work. 7. He's furious with her now, but he'll forgive her soon. It's just/only a matter of a few hours. That's all. 4 1.只有通过调查我们才有发言权。(only) Only after investigation can we have the right to speak. 2.我们决不应当盲从。(on no account) On no account should we follow others blindly. 3.他决不是担任这项工作的最佳人选。(by no means) By no means is he the best person for the job. 4.第一次成功决非是最后的胜利。(in no way) In no way was the success in the first round the ultimate/ final victory. 5.别处找不到这样美丽的景色。(nowhere) Nowhere else could one find such beautiful scenery.
Word-learning Step1: Word learning 1. 兼类词：有两种词性的词。 bubble vi,______ n._________ weed v.________ n._____ grill n._______ vt._______ leftover n._______ adj._______ evil adj._____ n.______ otherwise conj._____ adv.___ toast vt.______ n.______ comb n._______ vi._______ purchase vt._______ n._____ click v.______n._______ tailor n._______ vt._____ plough vi._______ n.______ 2．派生词 mud---- _______ (adj.) week---______ (adj.) rectangle---_________(adj.) adjust---______(n.) participate---__________ (n.) interpreter---_________(v) arrangement---______(vt.) donate ---_______(n.) voluntary---______ (n.v.) vaccination----_______(n.) supplement---________(v.) ox----_______(pl.) roof---______(pl.) economic---______(n.) political---_____(n.) distribute---________(n.) financial ---________(adj.) operate---__________(n.) 3.合成词 airmail textbook otherwise paperwork platform 4.短语 hear from=_________________ be dying to do=_________ the other day dry out dry up in need trunk library sewing machine 5.国名 Papua New Guinea Kenya Bangladesh Tanzania Nepal Uganda Sudan Malawi Step2: 单词串联 ___________, I ___________Jo by_________, who is my friend and has gone to a ______village to offer teaching to the children there as a ________ teacher. In the letter, he told something __________to his life. He told me that it took him a long time to ______himself ___ the life there. The students had no _________and had no _______of doing experiments. So sometimes he doubted whether he was __________to the students’lives at all. One weekend, he and another teacher went to visit a student’s house, which there was a low bamboo hut with grass sticking out of the______ and in which there was nothing but a______ and a few ______. The language was hard to understand so he could hardly __________the conversation. Fortunately, his student could be their________. In the letter, he also listed a _________which the local people were________. He called on people to _______some things like_____, ________, _______and so on. In the end, he said he felt it was a _________to have a chance to go there. Step 3 单词拼写 1This paragraph is not r__________ to the topic of your article; you may cross it out. 2. The old man is warm-hearted. He has d___________ millions of pounds to a charity(慈善机构). 3. The unfair _________(分配) of wealth led to the outbreak of war in that region. 4. Y ou may __________（调整）the table to any height you want. 5. We promise that if you are not satisfied with your ______（购物）, we will give you a full refund. 6. The patient must be o__________ on in no time; otherwise he will die. 7. How can he support a family of six kids on his little __________(收入)? 8. All those who p__________ in the yesterday’s discussion please write out our reflections(感想). 9. I will make ___________ (安排)for you to be met at the airport. 10. My parents got married 20 years and tomorrow is their 20th wedding __________（周年纪念）. 1 Don’t _______ your head ________ of the car window. 2 I _________ this old vase and bought it for $ 200. 3 During the drought (干旱), the river _________. 4 Water the plant regularly, never letting the soil _________. 5 I haven’t _________ Jane for long. I don’t know what has happened to her. 6 Help those who are _________and that will be rewarding. 7 Those students ___________ know the results of the College Entrance Examination. Reading Fill in the blank 1. __ __ is a young Australian women. 2. ______ was dying to hear all about Jo’s life in Papua New Guinea. 3. ____ walked a long way to get to the school. 4. ___ __ didn’t have any textbooks. 5. _____ __ became a lot more imaginative when teaching. 6. ________ started jumping out the windows during a chemistry experiment 7. _________visited a village that was the home of one of the boys, Tombe. 8. ____ started crying “ieee ieee” to welcome them. 9. _______ led us to a low bamboo hut. 10. _____ was going to share the platform with Jenny and Jo. 11. __________ softly talked to each other in their language Jo didn’t understand. True or false 1. The classrooms are made from bricks and the roofs from grass. 2. It always takes the boys only a few minutes to get to the school. 3. Science is the most challenging subject for Jo. 4. When Jo and Jean arrived at the village, they shook hands with all the villagers. 5. Tombe threw out the tin can because it was very dirty. Answer the questions. 1.Why did Jo send Rosemary some photos? _______________________________________________________