2019人教版高一英语新教材必修一词汇表
（含教材例句及词汇用法讲解）
本词汇表主要特色：
1.呈现教材原文例句，重视词汇在语境中的运用。
2.词汇用法讲解紧扣新课标和新考纲，深度和广度适中，条理清晰，系统完整。
3.精选高考真题例句、词典例句和时文例句，例句具有典型性和示范性。
4.展示高考真题，揭示高考命题角度和思路。
5.适合高一学生同步使用以及高三学生总复习使用。
Book 1
Unit 4
1.disaster / d??zɑ:st?(r) / n.灾难；灾害
natural disasters 自然灾害（P47）
an air disaster 空难
It was the second air disaster in less than two months. 这是不到两个月内的第二次空难了。Thousands of people died in the disaster. 数千人在这场灾难中丧生。
2. tornado /t?:?ne?d?? / n.(pl. -oes or -os) 龙卷风；旋风
The tornado killed dozens of lives. 那场龙卷风夺去了几十条人命.
3.drought / dra?t / n.旱灾；久旱
The ground is as hard as stone after the drought. 长期干旱后土地硬得就像石头一样。https://www.doczj.com/doc/e58961524.html,ndslide / ?l?ndsla?d / n. ( landfall) ( 山地或悬崖的）崩塌；滑坡
The village was destroyed by a landslide. 滑坡摧毀了村庄。
The heavy rain caused the landslide. 大雨引起山体滑坡。
5.slide / sla?d / vi. & vt. (slid, slid ) (使）滑行；滑动
We slid on the ice. 我们在冰上滑行。
The door slid open. 门慢慢开了。
She slid the door open她滑开了门。
slide into（使）滑入; 溜进
The thief slid into the room. 小偷悄悄溜进房间。
6. tsunami / tsu:?nɑ:mi / 海啸
Large earthquakes can cause powerful tsunamis. 大地震可以引起强烈的海啸。
7.flood / fl?d /
n. 洪水；大量
The heavy rain has caused floods in many parts of the country. 大雨使全国许多地方泛滥成灾。
More than70people were killed in the floods. 70多人因洪灾丧生。
The river is in flood. 河水泛滥。
a flood of 大量的
He received a flood of thank-you letters. 他收到大量感谢信件。
vi.淹没；大量涌入
Water flooded in through the back door. 水从后门涌进来。
Telephone calls flooded in from all over the country. 全国各地的电话像潮水般打来。
vt使灌满水；淹没
The heavy rain flood the village.大雨淹没了这个村庄。
The afternoon light flooded the little rooms午后的阳光洒满一间间小屋。
8.volcanic eruption / v?l?k?n?k ??r?p??n / 火山喷发
Volcanic eruption is the most terrible natural disasters on earth.
火山喷发是地球上最可怕的自然灾害之一。
9. magnitude / ?m?gn?tju:d / n. (地）震级；重大
The Wenchuan earthquake had a magnitude of 8.0. 汶川地震的震级为8.0级。We did not realize the magnitude of the problem.
我们没有意识到这个问题的重要性。
10. rescue / ?reskju: / n.& vt. 营救；救援
What are the rescue workers and soldiers doing in the flood-hit area?
在受灾地区，救援人员和士兵在做什么？（P48）
rescue workers/boats/helicopters/ camps救援人员/ 船只/ 直升机/营
Internet rescue camps in South Korea and China try to save kids addicted to the screen. 韩国和中国的网络救援营试图拯救沉溺于手机的小孩。
Ten fishermen were saved in a sea rescue. 在一次海上营救行动中，十名渔民获救。They were rescued by helicopter. 他们被直升机救走了。
rescue sb./ sth. from…从……中营救某人/某物
Firefighters rescued a child from a burning building
消防队员从着火的大楼里救出了一个孩子。
【拓展】
rescuer /'reskju:?(r)/ n. 救援者；救助者
Many people burst into tears when a rescuer carried a girl out of the ruins.
当一名救援者从废墟里抱出一个女孩时,在场的许多人不禁潸然泪下。
11. damage / ?d?m?d? /
vt. 损害；破坏
Which buildings were damaged in Seoul？首尔哪些建筑物受损？（P48）
The fire badly damaged the town hall. 火灾使市政厅遭到严重破坏。
Smoking seriously damages your health. 吸烟严重损害健康。
n.损坏；损失
cause damage to sb/sth 对……引起损害
The earthquake caused serious damage to the house. 地震给这所房子造成了严重的损坏。do damage to sb/sth 对……造成损害
The storm didn't do much damage to crops. 暴风雨并未对庄稼造成严重损失。
12.destroy/d?'str??/ vt. 摧毁；毁灭
Nearly everything in the city was destroyed.城里几乎所有的东西都被毁了。（P49）They've destroyed all the evidence. 他们销毁了一切证据。
Heat gradually destroys vitamin C. 加热会逐渐破坏维生素C。
You have destroyed my hopes of happiness. 你毁掉了我得到幸福的希望。
13.evacuate / ??v?kjue?t /
vt. 疏散；撤出
Almost 88,000 people have been evacuated from the area.
近88, 000人撤离了该地区。（P49）
The building is on fire. Evacuate all the people immediately.
这座楼着火了，立即疏散人群。
vi. 撤离
When the forest fires broke out, we were told to evacuate.
当森林大火爆发时，我们被通知撤离。
14.helicopter / ?hel?k?pt?(r)/ n. 直升机
Helicopters were used to fight the fire . 直升机被用来灭火。（P49）
The injured were sent to the hospital by helicopter . 伤员由直升机送到医院。
15. death/ deθ/ n.死；死亡
No deaths, no injurie s.没有人员伤亡。（P49）
Two children were burnt to death in the fire . 两个孩子被大火烧死。
He's drinking himself to death. 他这样喝酒非醉死不可。
16.affect /?'fekt/ vt. 影响；（疾病）侵袭；深深打动
82 killed, 500,000 affected 82死亡，50万人受影响（P49）
A bad home environment can affect a child's healthy growth.
不良的家庭环境能影响儿童的健康成长。
The thoughts and behaviors of a teacher will affect those of his pupils.
教师的思想和言行将影响到其学生的品质。
The illness has affected both her mental and physical health. 这种疾病损害了她的身心健康。They were deeply affected by the news of her death. 她死亡的消息使他们悲伤不已。
17．shelter/'?elt?/
n.避难处；居所；庇护
Shelters were set up by the government. 政府搭建了庇护所。（P49）
Workers built shelters for survivors whose homes had been destroyed.
救援人员为那些家园被毁的幸存者盖起了避难所。（P50）
People were running for the shelter from the storm. 人们跑着找地方躲避暴风雨。
Many are sleeping in the open because they have no shelter.
很多人因为没有栖身之所，只好露宿在外。
a night shelter for the homeless 无家可归者夜间收容所
an animal shelter 动物收容处
vt.保护；掩蔽
Perhaps I sheltered my daughter too much. 也许我对女儿保护过度了。
shelter sb/sth from sb/sth 保护……免受……
Some parents want to shelter their children from any harm.
有些父母想保护他们的孩子不受任何伤害。
vi. 躲避（风、雨或危险）
shelter from sth 躲避（风、雨或危险）
We sheltered from the rain in a doorway. 我们在一处门廊里避雨。
18. crack /kr?k/
n..裂纹；裂缝
There were deep cracks that appeared in the well walls. 井壁上出现了深深的裂缝。（P50）This cup has a crack in it. 这杯子有一道裂痕。
vi. & vt. (使）破裂
The glass will crack if you pour hot water into it. 别往玻璃杯里倒热水，不然会烫裂杯子。The ice cracked as I stepped onto it. 我一踩冰就裂了。
The little boy failed to crack the walnut. 小男孩没能砸开核桃。
She dropped a plate and cracked it this morning. 今天早上她把一个盘子掉在地上打破了。
19.as if 似乎；好像；仿佛
It seemed as if the world were coming to an end！世界似乎要到末日！（P50）
It seems as if our team is going to win．看来我们队要胜了。
She stood at the gate as if she was waiting for someone. 她站在门口好像在等人。as if的用法：
【高考链接】
20.ruin /'ru:?n/
n. 破坏；毁坏；废墟（多用复数）
Everywhere survivors looked, there was nothing but ruins.
幸存者无论朝哪里看，除了废墟什么也没有。（P50）
The house has fallen into ruins. 房子倒坍成了废墟。
Drinking was the ruin of him. 酗酒毁了他。
in ruins严重受损；破败不堪
In less than one minute, a large city lay in ruins.
在不到一分钟内，一座大城市就沉沦在一片废墟之中。（P50）
The castle now lies in ruins. 这个城堡现在已成为一片废墟。
vt. 破坏；毁坏
The crops were ruined by the heavy rain. 农作物被大雨全毁了。
The bad weather ruined our trip. 坏天气毁了我们的旅行.
My new shoes got ruined in the mud. 我的新鞋被泥浆毁了。
【辨析】destroy，damage，ruin
21.percent / p??sent / n. 百分之....
About 75 percent of the city’s factories and buildings , 90 percent of its homes, and all of its hospitals were gone.
大约75%的工厂和建筑物、90%的家园所有的医院都消失了。（P50）
We found that only fifteen percent of our students exercise every day.
我们发现仅有15%的学生每天锻炼。
The price of the house has risen by ten percent.房价上升了10%。
22.brick /br?k/ n. 砖；砖块
Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves.残砖就像秋天的红叶覆盖着大地。（P50）The house is built of brick. 那座房子是用砖建造的。
This garden is surrounded by high brick walls. 花园四周有高高的砖墙环绕。
23.metal /'metl/ n. 金属
The railway tracks were now useless pieces of metal.
铁轨如今成了一块块废金属。（P50）
a piece of metal 一块金属
The box is made of metal. 盒子是用金属做的。
24.shock /??k/
n.震惊；令人震惊的事；休克
The little boy was speechless with shock. 那小男孩惊得说不出话来。
He has never recovered from the shock of his wife’s death.
他从未从妻子去世的打击中恢复过来。
Don't touch that wire or you'll get a shock . 别碰那根电线，不然会触电的。
in shock 震惊；吃惊
People were in shock—and then, later that afternoon, another big quake shook Tangshan again. 人们惊呆了。接着，在下午晚些时候，唐山又发生了一次大地震。（P50）
vt (使）震惊
The news of his death shocked all of us. 他死亡的消息我们所有的人都感到震惊。
Everyone in the street was shocked by the news. 街上所有的人都被那条消息震惊了。
【拓展】
（1）shocked /??kt/ adj. （人感到）惊愕的；受震惊的
（2）shocking /???k??/ adj. 令人震惊的；触目惊心的
I was shocked to hear the shocking news. 听到这个令人震惊的消息，我感到很震惊。
25.electricity / ??lek?tr?s?ti / n.电；电能
Water, food, and electricity were hard to get.水、食物，和电都很难弄到。（P50）
The electricity had been cut off. 停电了。
We can use the power of the wind to make electricity．我们可以使用风力来发电。
26.trap /tr?p/
vt. 使落入险境；使陷入圈套
Soon after the quakes, the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the dead.
地震后不久，部队派了15万名战士到唐山将受困的人们挖出来，并将死者掩埋。（P50）
be trapped in…被困在……中
Some of the workers were trapped in the ruins. 有些工人被困在废墟中。
The children trapped in the burning building were saved at last.
被困在燃烧着的楼房里的孩子们最后得救了。
trap sb into（doing）sth诱使某人（做）某事
They trapped her into marrying their son. 他们诱使她嫁给他们的儿子。
n. 险境；陷阱
A fox was caught in a trap. 一只狐狸掉进了陷阱里。
Some women see marriage as a trap. 有些妇女把婚姻视作围城。
27. bury / ?beri / vt. 埋葬；安葬
He died at the age of 80 and was buried in his homeland. 他80岁去世了，被安葬在他的家乡。
I was looking for my handbag, which was buried under a pile of old newspapers.
我正在找被埋在一堆旧报纸下面的手提包。
He buried his face in his hands and wept. 他双手掩面而泣。
She had learnt to bury her feelings. 她已经学会了感情不外露。
bury one’s head / oneself in… = be buried in…专心致志于……
My father buried his head / himself in his newspaper.
= My father was buried in his newspaper. 我父亲专心致志地看他的报纸。
Buried in my book, I didn’t realize it was raining. 我专心致志地看书，没注意到下雨了。
28.breathe / bri:e / vi.& vt.呼吸
Slowly, the city began to breathe again. 慢慢地，这座城市又开始出现了生机。（P50）
It’s good for the health to breathe deeply. 做深呼吸对身体有益。
Most people don't realize that they are breathing polluted air.
大多数人没有意识到自己正呼吸着污染了的空气。
【拓展】
breath /?breθ/ n. 气息；呼吸；一口气
You can see people’s breath on a cold day. 冷天能看到人们呼出的空气。
She took a deep breath. 她做了一次深呼吸。
hold one’s breath 屏住气
out of breath 上气不接下气
29.revive / r??va?v / vt.& vi复活；（使）苏醒
Tangshan began to revive itself and get up on its feet again.
唐山开始恢复元气，重新站起来。（P50）
They managed to revive the injured driver at last. 他们最终使受伤的司机苏醒了过来。
The flowers soon revived in water. 这些花见了水很快就活过来了。
The economy is beginning to revive. 经济开始复苏。
30.revival / r??va?vl/ n. 振兴；复苏
What do you think helped in the revival of Tangshan city?
你认为是什么帮助唐山市的复兴？（P51）
World trade is showing signs of revival. 世界贸易正显示出复苏的征兆。
Jazz is enjoying a revival. 爵士音乐再度盛行。
31.effort /'ef?t / n.努力；艰难的尝试；尽力
With strong support from the government and the tireless efforts of the city, a new Tangshan was built upon the earthquake ruins.
在政府的大力支持和全市人民的不懈努力下，一个新的唐山在地震废墟上建成了。（P50）
You should put more effort into your work.你应该更加努力地工作。
All my efforts ended in failure . 我的一切努力最后都无济于事。
make an effort 作出努力
So I make an effort to be on time when I meet my friends.
所以当我与朋友见面时，我努力做到守时。
He was making an effort to control himself. 他努力控制自己的情绪。
32.unify / ?ju:n?fa? / vi.& vt. 统一；（使）成一体
Germany unified officially in 1990 ; Will the two Koreas unify?
德国在1990年正式统一了；两个朝鲜能统一吗？
The new leader hopes to unify the country. 新领袖希望把国家统一起来。
33.wisdom / ?w?zd?m / n. 智慧；才智
Tangshan city has proved to China and the rest of the world that in times of disaster, people must unify and show the wisdom to stay positive and rebuild for a brighter future.
唐山市已向中国和世界其他地区证明：在灾难时期，人们必须团结一致, 展现智慧，保持积极的心态，重建更光明的未来。（P50）
A man of great wisdom often appears slow . 大智若愚。
Experience is the mother of wisdom.经验为智慧之母。
【拓展】
wise / wa?z / adj. 聪明的；有智慧的
a wise old man 智叟
She is a wise woman. 她是一个才女。
She made a very wise decision. 她作了一个非常明智的决定。
I'm wiser after ten years in the business. 在商界混了十年之后，我变得聪明了。
34.context/ ?k?ntekst/ n. 上下文；语境；背景
Use context to understand new word使用上下文来理解新单词。（P51）
You should be able to guess the meaning of the word from the context.
你应该能从上下文语境猜出这个词的含义。
35.suffer / ?s?f?(r) /
vt. 遭受；蒙受
Within a few days she had become seriously ill and suffered great pain.
几天的时间，她就病得很严重了，疼痛难忍。
The company suffered heavy losses last year. 公司去年出现巨额亏损。
vi. ( 因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等）受苦
They suffered terribly when their son was killed. 儿子遇难之后，他们悲痛欲绝。At least he died suddenly and didn’t suffer. 起码他死得很突然，没遭受痛苦。suffer from 因……而痛苦；患有（疾病等）
Some were found alive, though they were suffering from terrible injuries.
有些人被发现还活着，尽管他们受到了严重的伤。（P51）
He suffered from poor eyesight and could no longer read properly.
他视力不好，再也不能正常阅读了。
He appears to be strong and healthy , but he suffers from heart disease.
他看上去强健, 其实他患有心脏病。
【拓展】
（1）sufferer /?s?f?r?(r)/ n．受苦者；受难者；患病者
This new cancer treatment offers hope to many sufferers.
这新的癌症治疗法给许多病人带来希望。
（2）suffering /?s?f?r??/ n. 痛苦；苦难
We must bring suffering and hunger to an end in the world.
我们必须结束世界上的苦难和饥饿。
A man who fears suffering is already suffering from what he fears.
害怕承受痛苦的人，他已经在承受害怕本身所带来的痛苦了。
36.volcano / v?l?ke?n?? / n. 火山
Etna is Europe's most active volcano. 埃特纳山是欧洲最活跃的火山。
There are more than 100 volcanoes in Japan. 日本有100多处火山。
37.erupt / ??r?pt / vi.& vt. ( 火山）爆发；（岩浆、烟等）喷出
The couple volunteered to hel p after the volcano erupted.
火山爆发后这对夫妇自愿帮忙。（P52）
An active volcano may erupt at any time. 活火山会随时喷发。
A fight has erupted outside the restaurant. 饭馆外发生了斗殴。
【拓展】
eruption /?'r?p?n/ n. 火山爆发；（战争等）爆发
The eruption of the volcano destroyed many villages. 火山爆发破坏了很多村庄。
38.supply / s??pla? /
n.供应（量）；补给；[pl.] 补给品
The supplies which were provided to the disaster area were collected from around the country. 向灾区提供的物资是从全国各地收集的。（P52）
Our water supply has been cut off. 我们断水了。
Books were in short supply. 书籍供应短缺。
vt. 供应；供给
supply sb with sth = supply sth to sb 向某人提供某物
Russia supplies the European countries with natural gas.
= Russia supplies natural gas to the European countries.
俄罗斯向欧盟国家输送天然气。
39.typhoon / ta??fu:n / n.台风
Many homes were destroyed by the typhoon. 许多房屋被台风摧毁。
40.in the open air 露天；在户外
People put up shelters in the open air.人们在户外搭建庇护所。（P52）
The film will be shown in the open air tonight. 今晚电影在露天演。
41.hurricane / ?h?r?k?n / n . ( 尤指大西洋的）飓风
After the hurricane, many people's homes were destroyed.
飓风过后许多人的房屋被毁。
42. survive / s??va?v/
vt. 幸存；艰难度过
She's feeding the baby who survived the earthquake她正在喂养地震中幸存的婴儿。（P52）Many birds didn't survive the cold winter. 很多鸟死于这次严冬。
She survived her husband by ten years. 丈夫死后她又活了十年。
vi.生存；存活
Of the six people injured in the crash, only two survived.
因这次撞车事故受伤的六人中，只有两人活了下来。
Companies must be able to survive in the marketplace.
公司必须有能力在市场竞争中生存下去。
survive from sth 从……中幸存下来
Some strange customs have survived from earlier times.有些奇怪的风俗是从早年留存下来的。survive on sth 依靠……生存
I can't survive on ￡40 a week. 一星期40英镑，我无法维持生活。
【拓展】
（1）survivor/s?'va?v?/ n. 幸存者；生还者
Everywhere survivors looked, there was nothing but ruins.
幸存者无论朝哪里看，除了废墟什么也没有。（P50）
But how could the survivors believe it was natural?
幸存者又怎么能相信这是自然现象呢？
There was only one survivor of the accident. 这次事故中只有一名幸存者。
It is said that there were no survivors of the plane crash. 据说这次飞机失事无一人生还。Many firms will die, but the survivors will get stronger than before.
许多公司将会倒闭，但是幸存下来的会更强大。
（2）survival /s??va?vl/ 存活；幸存
the struggle/battle/fight for survival 为生存而斗争/ 战斗/ 拼搏
I think life is a struggle for survival. 我认为生活就是一场奋力求生的斗争。
If cancers are found early there's a high chance of survival.
如果癌症在早期发现的话，存活的几率会很高。
43. power / ?pa??(r) / n.电力供应；力量；控制力
power lines 电线（P52）
nuclear/wind/solar power 核/ 风/ 太阳能
power cut/failure断电/停电
There was no power at school last night. It was so dark. 昨天晚上学校停电了，漆黑一片。
As is known to us, knowledge is power. 众所周知，知识就是力量。
I think it's important for China to raise its soft power.
我认为中国增加软实力是很重要的。
The Republican Party came to power in 2016. 美国共和党是在2016年上台执政的。
【拓展】
powerful /?pa??fl/ adj.（指人）有权势的；有影响力的；（指物）强有力的
His grandfather once was a rich and powerful man. 他的爷爷曾经是一个有钱有势的人。China is wealthier and more powerful than ever before. 中国比以往任何时候更加富有和强大。
44. tap / t?p/
vi.& vt. 轻叩；轻敲；轻拍
Someone tapped at the door. 有人轻轻叩门。
He was busy tapping away at his computer. 他埋头敲着电脑键盘。
He tapped me on the shoulder. 他轻轻地拍了拍我的肩膀。
n.水龙头；轻叩；轻敲
the hot/cold tap热水/ 冷水龙头
He never drinks tap water. 他从不喝自来水。
Turn the tap on/off . 打开/ 关上龙头。
Don't leave the tap running. 别把水龙头开着白白流水。
He felt a tap on his shoulder and turned round. 他觉得有人轻轻拍他的肩膀便转过身来。
45.pipe/ pa?p/ n.管子；管道
hot and cold water pipes冷、热水管
The pipes are made of plastic . 这些管子是用塑料制作的。
In the city, the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst.
在市内，有些建筑物里的水管爆裂开来。
46.whistle / ?w?sl /
vi.吹口哨；发出笛声
whistle for help 吹哨求救。（P52）
The crowd whistled as the player came onto the field. 那队员上场时，人群吹口哨。
The kettle began to whistle. 烧水壶呜呜地响了起来。
vt. 吹口哨
He was whistling a tune as he was walking. 他一边走，一边用口哨吹曲子。
n. 哨子（声）；呼啸声
He scored the winning goal just before the final whistle. 他就在终场哨声前打进了制胜的一球。
He listened to the whistle of a train. 他听着火车呼啸而过。
47.emergency/ i?m?:d??nsi / n. 突发事件；紧急情况
Call an emergency number.拨打紧急电话（P53）
We must keep as cool as a cucumber in an emergency. 我们要在危急时刻保持镇定自若。
This door should only be used in an emergency .这道门只能在紧急情况下使用。
emergency room/ exit急诊室/紧急出口
48. calm /kɑ:m /
adj.镇静的；沉着的
stay calm保持镇静（P53）
We should stay /keep/ remain calm in the face of danger. 我们在危险面前要保持镇静.
vt. 使平静；使镇静
calm sb/sth down 使……平静、安静或镇定下来
You will go somewhere quiet to calm your friend down. 去个安静的地方让你的朋友平静下来。He took a deep breath to calm himself down．他深吸了一口气使自己平静下来。
【辨析】calm, quiet, still和silent
48.aid / e?d /
n.援助；帮助；救援物资
first aid 急救
economic /emergency aid 经济/ 紧急援助
with the aid of 在…的帮助下
He succeeded with the aid of a new method he discovered.
借助于自己发现的一种新的方法，他获得了成功。
vi.& vt. (formal) 帮助；援助
To aid the poor farmers, the government provided them with a lot of money.
为了帮助贫穷的农民，政府给他们提供了很多钱。
49.kit / k?t / n. 成套工具；成套设备
There are five pieces of luggage except the medical kit. 一共5件行李, 药箱除外。first aid kit 急救箱（P53）
50. on hand现有（尤指帮助）
We would suggest always having on hand enough water and food for three days.
我们建议在三天内保持有足够的水和食物。（P53）
He has too much work on hand. 他手头的工作太多了
I always like to keep some money on hand. 我总喜欢在手头备好一些钱。
51.crash / kr??/
一．英译汉（Unit4 Wildlife protection） 1. protect vt. _________________ n. 2. important adj. ____________________ n. 3. affect vt. ____________________ n. 4. distant adj. ____________________ n. 5. laughter n. _________________v. 6. powerful adj. _____________________ n 7. contain vt. ____________________ n. 8. succeed vi. _________________ n. _________________ a dj. 9. employ vt. _________________ n. ________________ n. (雇员) ________________ n. (雇主) 10. loss n. _________________ v. _________________ 二．单词填空 1. By 1881, the population of Ireland had ______________________ (减少) to 5.2 million. 2. China is getting more and more ________________ (强大) in the world. 3. It is not allowed to _________________________(打猎) wild animals in this area. 4. The climate __________________ (影响) the amount of the rainfall last year. 5. A tiger is a very _________________(凶猛的) kind of animal. However, it won’ t attack you if you don’t. 6. People say that barking dogs don’t b________________ . 7. I'd a_____________________ it if you let me get on with my job. 8. Fresh fruit and vegetables c________________ plentiful Vitamin C. 9.Very few people s___________________ in losing weight and keeping it off. 10.It wouldn't do you any h___________________ to get some experience first. 11.He showed no m_________________ to his enemies. 12.Your mistake resulted in heavy l_______________. 13.Dave didn't r________________(回应)to any of her emails, which made her angry. 14.It is a rule that our baggage should be i_________ by customs officers(海关 人员). 15.I am busy, so I have to e______________ a housekeeper to look after my children. 三．选择词组填空 die out according to in peace in danger so that succeed in do harm to burst into laughter protect…from pay attention to e into being in relief 1. The new country ______________________ only two years ago. 2. _____________________ the teacher, He fell far behind other students as a result of laziness. 3. The government i s doing its best to ______________ those rare animals ________ being hunted. 4. I had warned him of the possible danger, but he didn’t ___________________ it. 5. Elephants would ___________ if men are allowed to shoot as many as they wished. 6. Children’s lives are ________________ every time they cross the road. 7. The two munities live together _________________. 8. Hearing the funny story, all of us _______________________. 9. Why don't you start out early ________________ you don't have to hurry? 10. No one was hurt, and we all smiled _______________. 四．单项选择 1. Much _______ by the story of Cong Fei, I also determined to be a volunteer worker. A. affected B. appreciated C. admired D. effected
词汇表必修二Unit4 1. Confucius n. 孔子 2. mansion n. 公馆;宅第 3. cemetery n. 墓地;公墓 4. philosophy n. 哲学 5. descendant n. 后裔;后代;子孙 6. individual adj. 单独的;个别的n.个人 7. heel n. 足跟;(脚、袜子、鞋等的)后跟 8. Achilles’heel(喻)(希腊神话)阿喀琉斯的脚跟，致命的弱点 9. kingdom n. 王国;领域 10. chief adj. 最重要的;最高级别的n.(公司或机构的)首领;遒长 11. puzzle n.谜;智力游戏;疑问vt.迷惑;使困惑 12. nearby adj. 附近的;邻近的adv.在附近 13. loin…to…. 把…和…连接或联结起来 14. break away (from sb/sth)脱离;背叛;逃脱 15. belong vi. 应在(某处);适应 16. belong to 属于 17. as well as 同(一样也);和;还 18. currency n. 通货;货币 19. military adj. 军事的;军用的 20. defence n. 防御;保卫
21. legal adj. 法律的;合法的 22. surround vt. 围绕;包围 23. evidence n. 证据;证明 24. achievement n. 成就;成绩;达到 25. location n. 地方;地点;位置 26. conquer vt. 占领;征服;控制 27. battle n. 战役;搏斗vi.＆vt.博斗;奋斗 28. port n. 港口(域市) 29. fascinating adj. 极有吸引力的;迷人的 30. keep your eyes open(for)留心;留意 31. charge n. 收费;指控;主管vt.收费;控告;充电 32. announce vt. 宣布;通知:声称 33. amount n. 金额;数量 34. gallery n. (艺术作品的)展览馆;画廊 35. approach n. 方法;途径;接近vt.接近;接;着手处理vi.靠近 36. ensure n. 保证;确保;担保 37. landscape n. (陆上，尤指乡树的)风景 38. generous adj. 慷慨的;大方的;丰富的 39. butter n. 黄油;奶油vt.涂黄油于 40. honey n. 蜂蜜 41. ancestor n.祖宗;祖先
人教版2018高一英语必修一Unit5单词表 人教版2018高一英语必修一Unit 5单词表 Unit 5 △Nelsn andela 纳尔逊•曼德拉（前南非共和国总统） quality n. 质量；品质；性质 △war-hearted ad. 热心肠的 ean ad. 吝啬的；自私的；卑鄙的 ative ad. 积极的；活跃的 generus ad. 慷慨的；大方的 △easy-ging ad. 随和的 温和宽容的 self n. 自我；自身 selfish ad. 自私的 selfless ad. 无私的；忘我的 selflessly adv. 无私地；忘我地 devte vt. （与t连用）献身；专心于 devted ad. 忠实的；深爱的 △illia Tyndale 威廉•廷代尔（英国早期新教改革者） △Bible n. 《圣经》
△Nran Bethune 诺曼•白求恩 （加拿大胸外科医师） △invader n. 侵略者 fund vt. 建立；建设 republi n. 共和国；共和政体 priniple n. 法则；原则；原理 △natinalis n. 民族主义； 国家主义 △livelihd n. 生计；谋生 △handas Gandhi 莫罕达斯•甘地（印度国民大会党领袖）peaeful ad. 和平的；平静的；安宁的 △giant ad. 巨大的；庞大的 △leap n. 飞跃；跳跃 ankind n. 人类 △Elias n. 伊莱亚斯（男名） lawyer n. 律师 guidane n. 指导；领导 legal ad. 法律的；依照法律的 fee n. 费（会费、学费等）；酬金 △passbk n. 南非共和国有色人种的身份证 △hannesburg n. 约翰内斯堡
1.quality n.质量；品质；性质 (1).His action speaks well for his good quality. 他的举止表明他具有良好的品质。 (2).In no case can we cheapen the quality of products. 在任何情况下我们都不能降低产品质量。 high quality高品质quality control质量控制，质量管理 quality first质量第一quality of life生活质量；基本生活条件quality education素质教育；优质教育2.active adj. 积极地；活跃的 active in积极于active role积极任务；活跃角色play active part积极的作用；能动部分，主动部分 3.generously ①慷慨的，大方的+in doing sth做事不吝啬/with sth对物不吝啬 be generous to sb with sth对某人慷慨大方The boss is generous to the poor students with their education. ②宽宏大量的，宽厚的+to sb I belive he was generously enough after your contradicting him. 4.Self n.自我；自身Selfish n.自私的Selfless n. 无私的；忘我的Selflessly n. 无私地；忘我地6.devote vt. 献身于；专心于devoted adj. 忠实的；深爱的 She devoted her life to God. 她献身于上帝。 devote to sth奉献; 投身于; 致力于; 献身于be devoted to sb/sth 专心致力于... to是介词 7.found (founded, founded) Vt.①.建立; 建造 ②.创立,创办They founded a college. 他们创办了一所大学。 ③.将...建立在[H][(+on/upon)] His theory is founded on facts. 他的理论建立在事实的基础上。 founder名词n. 1.创立者;奠基者;缔造者[C] He is the founder of the club. 他是这个俱乐部的创始人。foundation基础Find on what foundation the proposition bottoms. 找出这个命题建立在什么基础上。 the foundation of …的基础 8.legal adj. legally adv. 反义词illegal We engage you as a legal adviser. 我们聘请你当法律顾问。合法的be legal to do sth 9.fee (vs) fare fare: n. 车费fee: n. 薪金，费The fee for the concert is two dollars. 音乐会的票价是两块钱 10.youth ①v. 青年时期②c. 年轻人③ the youth 复数含义 In one’s youth. 在某人年轻时(2).She keeps her youth well. 她善于保养她的青春。 11.violence n. 暴力；侵犯；激烈；歪曲 family violence家庭暴力；家庭暴力事件physical violence身体暴力，躯体暴力 do violence to破坏；歪曲；强暴对待Violent adj. 12.blow up爆发，爆炸；放大；使充气
Unit5 Languages around the world 一、单词拼写 1．We had to ___________(搏斗) against strong winds all the way. 2．Christina has her own ___________(公寓)，with her own car. 3．It’s only five minutes walk to the ___________(地铁) station. 4．Fitness is important in sport，but of at least ___________(同样的) importance are skills. 5．There have been ___________(要求) for the prime minister to resign. 6．The beauty of the waterfall is beyond ___________(形容)． 7．You can ___________(讲述) your experience in the discussion. 8．It’s very rude to stick your ___________(舌头) out at people. 9．There is a ___________(间隔) of ten miles between the two villages. 10．There are many ___________(汽油) stations along this road. 11．They should therefore unite to ___________(奋斗) together. 12．I tried speaking to her in her native ___________(语言)． 13．I locked myself out of our ___________(公寓) and had to break in. 14．Black people are born ___________(相同的) to the whites so they should share the same rights as them. 15．As populations increase across Australia and the rest of the world，___________(需求) for water will also increase. 16．The sentence provides a vivid (生动的) ___________(描写)． 17．He has a poor ___________(词汇)，so he can’t express himself correctly.
高一英语材料 1、词汇（M1 unit4） A、单词拼写（根据句意及所给首字母或汉语提示写出下列单词） 1.The thief is ____________ ( 颤抖 ) with fear when he is being questioned by the policeman. 2.The soldiers are trying to help rescue the ____________ ( 幸存者 ) after the earthquake. 3.Two –thirds of the people died or ___________( 受伤 ) in the earthquake. 4. Life would be very difficult without ______________(电) . 5.The whole city lay in ____________ ( 废墟 ) after the earthquake. 6.The soldiers built s____________ for those homeless people. 7.Every year natur al ’ s d_________ can cause heavy loss to the world. 8.Most of the buildings were completely d ____________in the earthquake. 9. It ’ s a great h for the scientist to give a speech to the students. 10. As we all know, Italy is a _____________ ( 欧洲 )country. B、单词释义(从四个选项中选出与提干中斜体词意思相同的单词) 1. People were sleeping soundly when the earthquake suddenly happened. A. appeared B. took the place C. came out D. broke out 2. Most people thought little of these strange phenomena (现象 ), they just went to bed as usual. A. didn ’ t like B. didn ’ t pay much attention to C. never noticed D. were interested in 3. The terrible earthquake ruined the whole city, which caused a heavy loss to the local people. A. injured B. hurt C. destroyed D. buried 4. He was very surprised to find all his money gone. A. leaving B. missing D. losing D. flying 5. Such a great number of people died because the quake happened while they were sleeping. A. So many B. Such many C. Such lots of D. So much 6. Many shelters were put up for the homeless people. A. set up B. taken up C. sat up D. built up 7. The strange noise woke up all the people who were asleep. A. sleeping people B. people were sleeping C. slept people D. asleep people 8. Workers built shelters for survivors, whose homes had been destroyed. A. their homes B. the homes of them C. the homes of theirs D. the homes of whom 9. I asked a man standing next to me what happened, but he made no answer. A. who stood beside me B. who is standing beside me C. stood beside me D. who stood towards me 10. The cyclists hope to raise money to help thousands of blind children in Tibet. A. pay B. collect C. save D. rise C、配对题 ( ) 1.a very long water way for boats a. nervous ( ) 2.get ready b. canal ( ) 3.people who remain alive c. injure ( ) 4. put sth. under the earth d. rise ( ) 5.go up e. pipe ( ) 6.help to get someone out of danger f. prepare ( ) 7.worried or frightened g. well ( ) 8.hurt h. rescue
Unit 5 ELIAS` STORY My name is Elias.I am a poor black worker in South Africa.The time when I first met Nelson Mandela was a very difficult period of my life.I was twelve years old. It was in 1952 and Mandela was the black lawyer to whom I went for advice. He offered guidance to poor black people on their legal problems.He was generous with his time, for which I was grateful. I needed his help because I had very little education.I began school at six. The school where I studied for only two years was three kilometers away.I had to leave because my family could not continue to pay the school fees and the bus fare. I could not read or write well.After trying hard,I got a job in a gold mine.However,this was a time when one had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg.Sadly I did not have it because I was not born there, and I worried about whether I would become out of work. The day when Nelson Mandela helped me was one of my happiest.He told me how to get the correct papers so I could stay in Johannesburg.I became more hopeful about my future.I never forgot how kind Mandela was.When he organized the ANC Youth League, I joined it as soon as I could.He said:"The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress, until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.” It was the truth.Black people could not vote or choose their leaders.They could not get the jobs they wanted. The parts of town in which they had to live were decided by white people.The places outside the towns where they were sent to live were the poorest parts of South Africa. No one could grow food there .In fact as Nelson Mandela said:“…we were put into a position in which we had either to accept we were less important or fight the government. We chose to attack the laws.We first broke the law in a way which was peaceful; when this was not allowed…only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.…… As a matter of fact, I do not like violence…but in 1963 I helped him blow up some government buildings.It was very dangerous because if I was caught I could be put in prison.But I was happy to help because I knew it would help us achieve our dream of making black and white people equal. Book 1 Unit 5 △Nelson Mandela /'nelsn m?n'del?/ 纳尔逊·曼德拉(前南非共和国总统) quality /'kw?l?ti/ n. 质量；品质；性质 △warm-hearted /w?:m 'ha:tid/ adj. 热心肠的 mean /mi:n/ adj. 吝啬的；自私的；卑鄙的 active /'?ktiv/ adj. 积极的；活跃的 generous /'d?en?r?s/ adj. 慷慨的；大方的 △easy-going /i:zi:'g?ui?/ adj. 随和的；温和宽容的 self /self/ n. 自我；自身 selfish /'selfi?/ adj. 自私的 selfless /'selflis/ adj. 无私的；忘我的 selflessly /'selflisli/ adv. 无私地；忘我地 devote /di'v?ut/ vt. （与to连用）献身；专心于 devoted /di'v?utid/ adj. 忠实的；深爱的 △William Tyndale /'wilj?m 'tindl/ ` v cde2威廉·廷代尔(英国早期新教改革者) △Bible /'baibl/ n．《圣经》 △Norman Bethune /'n?:m?n b?'θu:n/ 诺曼·白求恩(加拿大胸外科医师) △invader /in'veid?/ n. 侵略者 found /faund/ vt. 建立；建设 republic /ri'p?blik/ n. 共和国；共和政体 principle /'prins?pl/ n. 法则；原则；原理 △nationalism /'n??n?liz?m/ n. 民族主义；国家主义
必修二第四单元 I.词汇短语过关 1. respond vi.回答，答复；响应，作出反应 response n. 回答，回复；反应 respond to sb./sth回答（比answer, reply to正式） respond to sb./sth. （with/ by sth.）用. 回应某人（事） respond to （疾病、身体的受伤部分）对医药有良好反应 respo nse to sb./sth.对人/物）的回答/回复/反应 in resp onse to作为对.. 的反应 [即学即练1] （1）______________________ They still haven't my letter. 他们至今仍没有回我的信。 （2）___________ He _________________ my suggestion a laugh/ laughing. 他对我的 建议报以一笑。 （3）______________________ His illness didn't treatment by drugs. 他的疾病对药物治疗没有反应。 （4）_______________________________________ My mother opened the door the knock, but there was no one outside. 听到敲门声后，我妈妈打开了门，但外面一个人都没有。 responded to , responded to , with , by , respond to , in response to 2. certain adj. 确定的；无疑的；某（种） ⑴作“某（种）”讲时，同义于some但some前不加冠词。 for a certa in reason^ for some reas on 由于某种原因 certa in professors^ some professors 某些教授 a certain amount of time 相当一段时间 （2）作“确信的，有把握的”讲时，同义于sure.但是certain的主语既可以是人， 也可用于It is certain that...句型，而sure 主语只能是人。 “be certain/sur3从句”（人）有把握/确信（表示主语的信念） be certain/sure of/about sth. 人（）确信（表示主语的信念） be certain/sure to do sth.必定/肯定会做某事（主语常为二、三人称，表示说话人的信
1.generously This is the school to which your farther subscribed generously in the past. 这就是你父亲生前为之慷慨捐助的学校。 ①慷慨的，大方的 +doing sth/with sth be generous to sb with sth The boss is generous to the poor students with their education. ② 宽宏大量的，宽厚的+to sb I belive he was generously enough after your contradicting him. 2.quality n.质量；品质；性质 (1).His action speaks well for his good quality. 他的举止表明他具有良好的品质。 (2).In no case can we cheapen the quality of products. 在任何情况下我们都不能降低产品质量。 high quality高品质 product quality产品质量 quality control质量控制，质量管理 quality management质量管理 quality first质量第一 quality of life生活质量；基本生活条件 quality education素质教育；优质教育 3.active adj. 积极地；活跃的 (1).Mr. Jack was once active in the church, but he has backslidden. 杰克先生一度在教会里很活跃，但他已变得不虔诚了。 (2).Peace and stability in the world need the active involvement of China.
必修二Unit4 Wildlife protection 一．词性转换 1. protect vt. _________________ n. 2. important adj. ____________________ n. 3. affect vt. ____________________ n. 4. distant adj. ____________________ n. 5. laughter n. _________________v. 6. powerful adj. _____________________ n 7. contain vt. ____________________ n. 8. succeed vi. _________________ n. _________________ a dj. __________________ adv. 9. employ vt. _________________ n. ________________ n. (雇员) ________________ n. (雇主) 10. loss n. _________________ v. _________________ adj. ________________ n. (失败者) 二．单词填空 1. By 1881, the population of Ireland had ______________________ (减少) to 5.2 million. 2. China is getting more and more ________________ (强大) in the world. 3. It is not allowed to _________________________(打猎) wild animals in this area. 4. The climate __________________ (影响) the amount of the rainfall last year. 5. A tiger is a very _________________(凶猛的) kind of animal. However, it won’t attack you if you don 6. People say that barking dogs don’t b__ ______________ . 7. I'd a_____________________ it if you let me get on with my job. 8. Fresh fruit and vegetables c________________ plentiful Vitamin C. 9.Very few people s___________________ in losing weight and keeping it off. 10.It wouldn't do you any h___________________ to get some experience first. 11.He showed no m_________________ to his enemies. 12.Your mistake resulted in heavy l_______________. 13.Dave didn't r________________(回应)to any of her emails, which made her angry. 14.It is a rule that our baggage should be i_________ by customs officers(海关人员). 15.I am busy, so I have to e______________ a housekeeper to look after my children. 三．选择词组填空 die out according to in peace in danger so that succeed in do harm to burst into laughter protect…from pay attention to come into being in relief 1. The new country ______________________ only two years ago. 2. _____________________ the teacher, He fell far behind other students as a result of laziness. 3. The government is doing its best to ______________ those rare animals ________ being hunted. _________________ it. 4. I had warned him of the possible danger, but he didn’t __ 5. Elephants would ___________ if men are allowed to shoot as many as they wished. _____________ every time they cross the road. 6. Children’s lives are ___ 7. The two communities live together _________________. 8. Hearing the funny story, all of us _______________________. 9. Why don't you start out early ________________ you don't have to hurry? 10. No one was hurt, and we all smiled _______________. 五．阅读理解 People realize that, although animals may not have the same intelligence（智力）as human beings, they are smart enough to learn certain things. Dogs are extremely useful as companions for blind people. When a dog has been properly trained, he will always lead his blind master in the right direction and keep him out of danger. For example, seeing-eye dogs learn never to cross a busy road when cars are coming, even if their master ordered them to do so. Horses are also able to learn many things. Horses that are used for guard or police duty must learn never to be frightened of noises, traffic, and other disturbances. Racing horses are able to run much faster than other horses, but they are also quite high strung（易紧张）. Therefore, it is necessary for those people who train them to be very patient(耐心) and understanding. The moving pictures and television can use trained animals too. Some animals, such as monkeys and foxes, are easy to film. All you have to do is make a trail in front of the camera by dragging something that smells good to the animals over the ground. Big animals, such as lions and tigers, can be photographed as they bound happily back to their families and dinner. If a movie actor is nearby, the well-trained animal will pay no attention to him. However, the audience may imagine that the actor escaped a terrible death by the skin of his teeth. 1. Dogs who help blind people must learn . A. to obey all orders B. to obey only safe orders C. never to cross roads D. to cross road when ordered to do so 2. Race horses are hard to train because they are . A. faster than other horses B. smaller than other horses C. clever than other horse D. more nervous than other horses 3. What does “make a trail” mean here in the last paragraph? A. place something to attract the animal B. give the animal a certain task C. order the animal to do things D. follow the animal to hunt 4. Lions can be photographed easily when . A. they are following a trial of something that smells good to them B. they are returning to their families