Unit Twelve
Section A
The City 参考译文
城市
[1] 从某种意义上来说，我们可以把美国城市存在的所有问题归咎于一个根源：我们美国人不很喜欢我们的城市。
[2] 这乍看起来荒诞不经。毕竟我们中四分之三的人目前住在城市，并且每年有更多的人涌进城市。据说，我们的城市问题正在受到美国政府更多的关心。专家学者们发现了城市研究中的一个全新领域。
[3] 然而，从历史角度来看，这是千真万确的：在美国人的心理上，城市已经是一个基本上值得怀疑的社会，它充斥了欧洲的腐败现象，完全缺乏边远地区的那种空旷、清纯感和乡村的景色。
[4] 我不敢自命为美国人生活的中研究城市历史的学者。但是我担任公职十三年，先是美国司法部的一名官员，然后任过国会议员，现在是美国最大城市的市长。我的经历清楚地告诉我，美国人的思想主流中始终贯穿着一种强烈的反抗城市的观念。到美国定居很多是因欧洲工业中心的恶劣条件造成的；在美国，人们可以获得土地，可以不受城市的腐败影响而日臻完善，这使多数理论认为在美国是有自由的。
[5] 这和现代城市的尴尬处境有何关系呢？我认为有很大的关系。因为事实上，美国，特别是历史性地确立了我国优越地位的联邦政府，从来没认为美国的城市值得改造，最起码还没有到需要花费基本资源来改造的地步。
[6] 人们对城市的厌恶出现在来到美国之前。当工业化驱使欧洲的工人进入欧洲大陆的主要城市时，就出现一些书和小册子，抨击城市是犯罪、腐败、污秽、疾病、罪恶、放荡、颠覆和高物价的根源。诸如《摩尔·弗兰多斯》之类的一些最早的英国小说的主题都是有关一个单纯的乡下青年来到大城市，遭受到各种恐怖的威胁，最后又回归到乡村生活中去。
[7] 欧洲人的正确看法似乎证实了这一位法国人的观点，他写道：“在乡村，人的思想自由，心情舒畅；但是在城市里，朋友和熟人、自己和他人的事务、荒谬的争吵、礼仪、拜访、胡扯闲聊，以及其他许许多多的纨绔习气和消闲娱乐占去了我们的绝大部分时间，使我们无暇
更好地进行必要的工作。大都市不过是禁锢心灵的一座较大的监狱，象关鸟的笼子或象捕兽的猎狗。”
[8] 当然，这非是对城市生活的唯一看法。其他一些人则认为城市是“文明的壁炉，它的光和热向寒冷、黑暗的世界辐射。“威廉·贝恩将费城设计成”神圣的城市“，通过精心的安排使每座房子都具有乡村木屋的外表以避免再现欧洲城市的拥挤不堪。
[9] 然而，毫无疑问，对城市生活方式明确表示反感的第一个大思想家是托马斯·杰佛逊。在他看来，伦敦和巴黎这些欧洲城市（他任美国外交代表时曾多次访问过）所象征的一方面是欧洲的政治专制和由于财富大量集中而产生的经济专制，另一方面则是贫穷。在新大陆，由于有机会广泛地拥有土地，真正的自由可以得到发展，每个公民没有经济上的依赖性，他们既有能力也渴望参与规划自己的未来。从真正的意义上说，美国摆脱了曾经盛行于欧洲的权利侵害，这种权利侵害正是大城市的弊端。
[10] 杰佛逊的观点曾一直是美国传统中不可分割的一部分。整个十九世纪中，随着美国的开拓进一步向外扩展，新的外来移民异口同声地庆祝他们摆脱了城市枷锁。
[11] 关键是这一观点没有表示对城市的厌恶，它暗示着一种强烈的民族感：城市的促进和发展决不是民族优越性的表现，我们的命定扩张论（注：19世纪为美国向外搞扩张辩解的资产阶级史观）立足于西部未开发的土地和向西部不停地挺进，立足于最大程度地将土地分给尽可能多的人。
[12] 因此，1787年的《西北法令》（也许是发布的第一个重要的国家政策）明确鼓励向西北部移民，向移民提供土地，向学校无偿提供公用土地。与此形成对照的是纽约市直到1842年才开始实行公共教育制度。当然，它得不到联邦政府的任何帮助。同样，1862年的《住宅地条例》是根据好几代美国理论所支持的设想而制定的。这一设想认为在西部可以找到真正的发展机会，而美国东部沿海城市则完全绝望地充满了罪恶和权利侵害。
[13] 南北战争以后，由于各种各样的原因，持这种信念的人增加了。随着移民进入市区，乡村也感到了第一次移民浪潮。移民大量来自爱尔兰和北欧，他们都很贫穷，这使许多住在美国乡村的人将贫穷与劣等人性等同起来。这一观点至今还未从我们的民族思想中消除。民族思想中一个不变的部分就是对爱尔兰人、斯拉夫人以及来到美国的每一个其他少数民族的非美国和犯罪倾向进行抨击，并不断地极力阻止“不受欢迎”的人再移居到我国。
[14] 随着高速工业化的到来，对城市贫困和绝望（我们认为这是最近的发现）进行调查的所有结果在被披露出来。每一报道都可以证实国家缔造者的观点是正确的：城市不是值得尊敬的美国人居住的地方。
[15] 所有这些仅仅是与过去的观念以及过去的立法史有关吗？我想不是这样的。事实上，至今，城市应该由它自谋生计这同一基本信念仍然是我们民族传统中很有影响的成分。[16] 多想想现代历史吧！二十五年来最重要的住房法令不是一个提供公共住房的法令，而是允许联邦住房协会向那些想买房子的美国人提供资助性的低息抵押的法令。尤其是它使居住在郊区的梦想成真。它展现了这样一幅画面：数百万的美国工人都能拥有一块长着树木花草并可供孩子嬉戏的地方。其结果真让人不可思议。人们没有考虑到这种立法对城市的影响，也没考虑到提供一些资助金对城市街区进行整修使之能与郊区相媲美。相反，在十几年的时间内，八十万具有中等收入的纽约人离开城市来到郊区，取而代之的是基本上无技术的工人。这意味着在许多方面，他们将会花掉更多的钱而不是创造经济财富。
[17] 不是在一百年前而是两年前有人建议立法，要联邦政府提供少量资金用于控制鼠患。可是众议院对此一笑了之，并讥笑说这是对乡下老鼠的歧视，对城里老鼠的纵容。
[18] 我认为，所发生的一切并非是“城市为万恶之源，因而不要帮助它”这一观念的直接结果，而是一种思想上的更间接的、更微妙的结果。这种思想使我们能花费数十亿美元的资金来保护家庭农场而毫不考虑在城市里实施有效的就业计划，使我们能够设立政府机构来关心农业、退伍军人、小企业、劳务、商业和美国印地安人的利益而直到1965年才设立了城市发展部；这种思想使我们如此紧缩经费，以至有实际意义的资助仍旧不能获得。
[19] 换句话说，黑暗凄凉的美国城市不配受到支持和帮助，这在美国人的意识中已经根深蒂固。今天，在我们的城市里我们正为这种观点付出很大的代价。
Keys for Reference
Part II Vocabulary
A: C B D C A B D A C B
B: A C B A B A B D C A
C: 1. injustice 2. symbolized 3. deprivation 4. inferiority 5. subsidized
6. industrialization
7. spaciousness
8. availability
9. perfectibility 10. undeserving
Part III Cloze
B A D
C B A
D B A C D B A C D
Section B
城市发展的前景未来
[1] 我们有一个潜在的城市发展线路图，犹如发动机的引擎，能够促使城市快速扩展。在此同时，也可以使城市的发展更显得富有弹性和适应性。我们仅仅50年的城市化建设工作经验，使我们更加专注于城市建筑和基础设施的建设，以便我们帮助社区躲避像“大衰萧条”时的冲击，因而可以更有效地利用全球化的机会。
[2] 在城市，有三个基础设施特别关键，从而来实现以下双重目标：城市建筑的弹性和适应性；社区经济增长合理平衡性。首先，最成功的城市基础设施应具有必须的物质性能，能够承受并转移破坏性的冲击，包括全球化带来的全球变暖等灾难。
[3] 到2100年，海平面很有可能上升三英尺。这将使美国的数千平方英里海岸线和许多沿海大城市陷落水下。这也将使数千万亚洲人居无住所，因为那里的大城市，撒落在沿海和河流三角洲一带，受到无法居住的威胁。
[4] 为了帮助城市建立基础设施，使其在不可预测和面临前所未有变化的时间里得到帮助，洛克菲勒基金会成立了亚洲城市气候变化应对网络(ACCCRN)，以帮助城市的发展。了解和准备可能出现的劫难，即不可预测的灾难性气候。该网络可以帮助亚洲10个城市中的7千万人在选择和决定最佳城市发展方法，增强气候变化的适应能力，用灵活的方法来执行这些方法。这已经形成规模和并在全球广为流传。我们是否可以设想一下，在新奥尔良或太子港如果施行了这些做法，情况会有什么不同呢。
[5] 同样，设计更紧凑的城市，可以使城市本身富有弹性，减少拥塞和驾驶时间，减少对石油燃料的依赖，减少二氧化碳排放。新的基础设施理念涉及到全球气候变化时代的经济基础设施，这在全球化的时代同样重要。
[6] 建筑经济富有弹性和适应性意味着城市必须有经济，且具有多样性，足以抵御金融冲击和具有足够的创新能力，并且能够抓住全球化带来的机遇和挑战，如气候变化等等。特别对于欧洲和美国而言，失业率高，经济恢复慢，对气候变化的适应性脆弱。一个基于低碳经济的增长新模型将产生绿色就业机会，促进城市经济的更大繁荣和多样化。
[7] 正像我们看到全球监测报告的那样，世界各地快速、成功增长的城市就是那些最有效利用手上全球化解决方案资源的城市。最近，我们在美国没有这样做----但是原本我们可以这样做的。根据经济政策研究所和美国进步中心估计，每年在美国投资1500亿美元清洁能源将导致失业率下降1%。这样的数据，反过来也意味着平均收入增加约2%，即可以同时建立一个更加能源持续的基础设施，创造出170万个工作岗位----其中一半岗位将提供给美国人只具有高中或高中以下程度的人员。
[8]换句话说，绿色就业是一个产业领域，能够促进经济恢复和为穷人提供工作机会，使美国经济更有弹性和适应性，是在近来没有繁荣和萧条的商业经济情况下的可持续发展成长之路。如果这种情况发生，我们很难想象美国城市会转化为怎样一个更可持续的国家——城市密度更大，增加步行几率，高效提速交通和控制温度？这绝不是一个激进的提议。因为它常常会被认为是国内事务。绿色城市设计悄然而起，在中国、中东和其他地方遍地可见。实现这一设想，同时在这绿色新行业中创造数以千计的新职位，涉及住房、运输以及环境保护各个领域。我们美国落后于在这个经济可持续复原建设的全球曲线后面，令人感到不安。
[9] 除了物质和经济弹性，我们还需要一个强有力的社会基础设施，用来丰富城市。使城市真正宜居，为很多的努力和机会奠定像我前面叙述那样的理论指导依据。洛克菲勒基金会可以促进一些干预措施，以建立一个更强大的社区和城市基础设施。例如，美国理念的志愿精神和社区责任可以影响协调和平衡。一种措施就是由美国市长组成的城市服务联盟：每一个市长都有一份有效的计划，协调全市服务策略，服务于各个方面。当地市民积极参与进来作为志愿者，首先解决急需解决的问题和有意义的活动。在这些城市里有一个关键人物，具有执行权利，专职置于促进志愿服务。
[10] 让我给你举一个非常现实的例子吧。2010年的春天，当巨大的洪水袭击了纳什维尔，田纳西州时，洪水造成近三十几人身亡。该市首席服务官用她的获奖城市服务计划快速动员了1万7千名当地居民，做了大量的协助、救援和清理工作。纳什维尔的市长，卡尔院长，启用了迅速的反应和恢复服务措施，不是依靠联邦应急管理署（联合会），也不是依靠国家机关或地方官员，而是依靠城市开发措施中对志愿服务计划的一部分，将其应用到城市服务。它允许纳什维尔人民自发组织取来，从而激发一个前所未有的志愿者服务机制。
[11] 总之，最近的发展甚为紧迫――或更有希望――加速全球的城市化建设。需要注意的是影响全球城市化深层次挑战和机遇的革命性。明了信服的证据表明，世界未来将十分肯定地属于城市。我们没有退路。我们必须为二十一世纪建立一个新型、更具弹性物质的，基于经济和社会的基础设施，摆脱经济萧条。
Keys for Reference
Part A
参见课文译文
Part B
I
1. The Chinese declared to implement the policy of peaceful reunification on the premise that
there is only one China in the world and Taiwan is only one part of China.
2. In the difficult circumstances of responding to the global financial crisis, we gave greater
priority to ensuring and improving people's wellbeing and effectively solved the most practical problems of the greatest and most direct concern to the people.
3. When John recovered unexpectedly from cancer, his doctors attributed his recovery to his
strong will and faith in the future
4. In order to ease the city's congestion for the Olympic Games, Beijing adopted even-odd license
plate method during that period.
5. With such heavy investment in the public sector, the municipal government has successfully
made quality health care services accessible and affordable to every resident in the city.
II
If you can do without the few pastoral pleasures of the country, you will find the city can provide you with the best that life can offer. You never have to travel miles to see your friends. They invariably live nearly and are always available for an informal chat or an evening's entertainment. Nor is the city without its moments of beauty. There is something comforting about the warm glow shed by ads on cold wet winter nights. Few things could be more impressive than the peace that descends on deserted city streets at week-ends when the thousands that travel to work every day are tucked away in their homes in the country. It has always been a mystery to me why city dwellers, who appreciate all these things, pretend that they would prefer to live in the county.
大学英语读写译(1)期末测试题及答案1
大学英语读写译（一） 期末测试题（1） Part I. Reading Comprehension (50%) Section A. Skimming and Scanning (10%) Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet. For questions 1-7, mark Y (for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage; N (for NO) if statement contradicts the information given in the passage; NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. For question 8-10,complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. Spiders Spiders can be distinguished from other Arachnids because the prosoma (combined head and thorax) is only separated from the opisthosoma (abdomen) by a narrow waist, in other Arachnids the whole body appears to be much more of a single unit. All spiders produce
Unit1奔向更加光明的未来 1 下午好！作为校长，我非常自豪地欢迎你们来到这所大学。你们所取得的成就是你们自己多年努力的结果，也是你们的父母和老师们多年努力的结果。在这所大学里，我们承诺 将使你们学有所成。 2 在欢迎你们到来的这一刻，我想起自己高中毕业时的情景，还有妈妈为我和爸爸拍的合影。妈妈吩咐我们：“姿势自然点。” “等一等 , ”爸爸说，“把我递给他闹钟的情景拍下来。” 在大学期间，那个闹钟每天早晨叫醒我。至今它还放在我办公室的桌子上。 3 让我来告诉你们, 一些你们未必预料得到的事情。你们将会怀念以前的生活习惯，怀念父母曾经提醒你们要刻苦学习、取得佳绩。你们可能因为高中生活终于结束而喜极而泣，你 们的父母也可能因为终于不用再给你们洗衣服而喜极而泣！但是要记住：未来是建立在过 去扎实的基础上的。 4 对你们而言，接下来的四年将会是无与伦比的一段时光。在这里，你们拥有丰富的资源：有来自全国各地的有趣的学生，有学识渊博又充满爱心的老师，有综合性图书馆，有完备的运动设施，还有针对不同兴趣的学生社团——从文科社团到理科社团、到社区服务等等。你们将自由地探索、学习新科目。你们要学着习惯点灯熬油，学着结交充满魅力的人，学着 去追求新的爱好。我想鼓励你们充分利用这一特殊的经历，并用你们的干劲和热情去收获 这一机会所带来的丰硕成果。 5 有这么多课程可供选择，你可能会不知所措。你不可能选修所有的课程，但是要尽可能 体验更多的课程！大学里有很多事情可做可学，每件事情都会为你提供不同视角来审视世 界。如果我只能给你们一条选课建议的话，那就是：挑战自己！不要认为你早就了解自己对什么样的领域最感兴趣。选择一些你从未接触过的领域的课程。这样，你不仅会变得更加博学，而且更有可能发现一个你未曾想到的、能成就你未来的爱好。一个绝佳的例子就是时装设计师王薇薇，她最初学的是艺术史。随着时间的推移，王薇薇把艺术史研究和对时装的热爱结合起来，并将其转化为对设计的热情，从而使她成为全球闻名的设计师。 6 在大学里，一下子拥有这么多新鲜体验可能不会总是令人愉快的。在你的宿舍楼里，住在你 隔壁寝室的同学可能会反复播放同一首歌，令你头痛欲裂！你可能喜欢早起，而你的室友 却是个夜猫子！尽管如此，你和你的室友仍然可能成为最要好的朋友。如果有些新的经历让你感觉不那么舒心，不要担心。我保证快乐的经历会多于不快的经历。而且我保证几乎所有这些经历都会给你带来宝贵的经验教训，从而使你的生活更加丰富多彩。所以，带着热切的目光和欢乐的心情，勇敢向前去拥抱这些新的体验吧！ 7 我们相信，你们的自我发现之旅和对爱好的寻求带给你们的将不仅仅是个人的进步。我们相信，当你们成为我们的学者群体中的一员时，你们很快就会认识到，大学不仅提供大量自我充实的机会，同时也带来了责任。一位智者说过：“教育代代相传，它就是社会的灵魂。”你们是你们家庭辛勤劳动成果的传承者，也是无数前辈辛勤劳动成果的传承者。他们积累了知识，并把知识传递给你们，而这些知识正是你们取得成功所必需的。现在轮到你们了。你们会获取什么样的知识？你们会发现什么样的兴趣爱好？你们怎样做才能为你们的子孙后代创造一个强大昌盛的未来？ 8 我们很高兴能为你们人生旅途中这一重大阶段开启大门。我们很高兴你们将获得许多机会，也很高兴你们将作为社区、国家乃至世界的公民承担起应有的责任。欢迎你们！
Unit 1 1学习外语是我一生中最艰苦也是最有意义的经历之一。虽然时常遭遇挫折，但却非常有价值。 2我学外语的经历始于初中的第一堂英语课。老师很慈祥耐心，时常表扬学生。由于这种积极的教学方法，我踊跃回答各种问题，从不怕答错。两年中，我的成绩一直名列前茅。 3到了高中后，我渴望继续学习英语。然而，高中时的经历与以前大不相同。以前，老师对所有的学生都很耐心，而新老师则总是惩罚答错的学生。每当有谁回答错了，她就会用长教鞭指着我们，上下挥舞大喊：“错！错！错！”没有多久，我便不再渴望回答问题了。我不仅失去了回答问题的乐趣，而且根本就不想再用英语说半个字。 4好在这种情况没持续多久。到了大学，我了解到所有学生必须上英语课。与高中老师不。大学英语老师非常耐心和蔼，而且从来不带教鞭！不过情况却远不尽如人意。由于班大，每堂课能轮到我回答的问题寥寥无几。上了几周课后，我还发现许多同学的英语说得比我要好得多。我开始产生一种畏惧感。虽然原因与高中时不同，但我却又一次不敢开口了。看来我的英语水平要永远停步不前了。 5直到几年后我有机会参加远程英语课程，情况才有所改善。这种课程的媒介是一台电脑、一条电话线和一个调制解调器。我很快配齐了必要的设备并跟一个朋友学会了电脑操作技术，于是我每周用5到7天在网上的虚拟课堂里学习英语。 6网上学习并不比普通的课堂学习容易。它需要花许多的时间，需要学习者专心自律，以跟上课程进度。我尽力达到课程的最低要求，并按时完成作业。 7我随时随地都在学习。不管去哪里，我都随身携带一本袖珍字典和笔记本，笔记本上记着我遇到的生词。我学习中出过许多错，有时是令人尴尬的错误。有时我会因挫折而哭泣，有时甚至想放弃。但我从未因别的同学英语说得比我快而感到畏惧，因为在电脑屏幕上作出回答之前，我可以根据自己的需要花时间去琢磨自己的想法。突然有一天我发现自己什么都懂了，更重要的是，我说起英语来灵活自如。尽管我还是常常出错，还有很多东西要学，但我已尝到了刻苦学习的甜头。 8学习外语对我来说是非常艰辛的经历，但它又无比珍贵。它不仅使我懂得了艰苦努力的意义，而且让我了解了不同的文化，让我以一种全新的思维去看待事物。学习一门外语最令人兴奋的收获是我能与更多的人交流。与人交谈是我最喜欢的一项活动，新的语言使我能与陌生人交往，参与他们的谈话，并建立新的难以忘怀的友谊。由于我已能说英语，别人讲英语时我不再茫然不解了。我能够参与其中，并结交朋友。我能与人交流，并能够弥合我所说的语言和所处的文化与他们的语言和文化之间的鸿沟。 III. 1. rewarding 2. communicate 3. access 4. embarrassing 5. positive 6. commitment 7. virtual 8. benefits 9. minimum 10. opportunities IV. 1. up 2. into 3. from 4. with 5. to 6. up 7. of 8. in 9. for 10.with V. 1.G 2.B 3.E 4.I 5.H 6.K 7.M 8.O 9.F 10.C Sentence Structure VI. 1. Universities in the east are better equipped, while those in the west are relatively poor. 2. Allan Clark kept talking the price up, while Wilkinson kept knocking it down. 3. The husband spent all his money drinking, while his wife saved all hers for the family. 4. Some guests spoke pleasantly and behaved politely, while others wee insulting and impolite. 5. Outwardly Sara was friendly towards all those concerned, while inwardly she was angry. VII. 1. Not only did Mr. Smith learn the Chinese language, but he also bridged the gap between his culture and ours. 2. Not only did we learn the technology through the online course, but we also learned to communicate with friends in English. 3. Not only did we lose all our money, but we also came close to losing our lives.
Unit1 她连水都不愿喝一口，更别提留下来吃饭了。 She wouldn't take a drink, much less would she stay for dinner. 他认为我在对他说谎，但实际上我讲的是实话。 He thought I was lying to him, whereas I was telling the truth. 这个星期你每天都迟到，对此你怎么解释？ How do you account for the fact that you have been late every day 他们利润增长，部分原因是采用了新的市场策略 The increase in their profits is due partly to their new market 这样的措施很可能会带来工作效率的提高。 Such measures are likely to result in the improvement of work efficiency. 我们已经在这个项目上投入了大量时间和精力，所以我们只能继续。 We have already poured a lot of time and energy into the project, so we have to carry on. Unit2 尽管她是家里的独生女，她父母也从不溺爱她。 Despite the fact that she is the only child in her family, she is never babied by her parents. 迈克没来参加昨晚的聚会，也没给我打电话作任何解释。 Mike didn't come to the party last night, nor did he call me to give an explanation. 坐在他旁边的那个人确实发表过一些小说，但决不是什么大作家。 The person sitting next to him did publish some novels, but he is by no means a great writer. 他对足球不感兴趣，也从不关心谁输谁赢。 He has no interest in football and is indifferent to who wins or loses. 经理需要一个可以信赖的助手，在他外出时，由助手负责处理问题。 The manager needs an assistant that he can count on to take care of problems in his absence. 这是他第一次当着那么多观众演讲。 This is the first time that he has made a speech in the presence of so large an audience. Unit3 你再怎么有经验，也得学习新技术。 You are never too experienced to learn new techniques. 还存在一个问题，那就是派谁去带领那里的研究工作。(Use an appositional structure.) There remains one problem, namely, who should be sent to head the research there. 由于文化的不同，他们的关系在开始确实遇到了一些困难。 Their relationship did meet with some difficulty at the beginning because of cultural differences. 虽然他历经沉浮，但我始终相信他总有一天会成功的。 Though he has had ups and downs, I believed all along that he would succeed someday. 我对你的说法的真实性有些保留看法。 I have some reservations about the truth of your claim. 她长得并不特别高，但是她身材瘦，给人一种个子高的错觉。 She isn't particularly tall, but her slim figure gives an illusion of height. Unit4
(第三版)新视野大学英语读写教程1答案
Unite 1 1.选词填空 explore(v.勘探，探测) transmit(v.传送，传递，传播) resource(n.资源) emerge(v.出现，为···所公认) yield(v.产生，出产，屈从，让步) pose(v.摆姿势，导致) assume(v.认为，假定，假设) confidence(n.信任信赖，自信心) inherit(v.沿袭，秉承，继承) comprehensive(a.综合的，多方面的) 1. Given the chance to show his ability, he regained confidence and began to succeed in school. 2. It is so difficult to explore the bottom of the ocean because some parts are very deep. 3. It was about 30 seconds before Alex emerged from the water; we were quite scared. 4. We often assume that when other people do the same things as we do, they do them for the same reasons; but this assumption is not always reasonable. 5. There is widespread concern that the rising unemployment may pose a threat to social stability. 6. After a(n) comprehensive physical exam, my doctor said I was in good condition except that my blood pressure was a little high. 7. It is well known that China is a country with rich natural resources and a very big population. 8. Some people believe that the earth can yield enough food to support at least twice its present population. 9. Sam inherited the gift of imagination from his family, but he lacked the driving power to take action. 10. A bee that has found honey is able to transmit to other bees the information they need in order to collect the honey. 2.15选10 attain赢得，获得，得到 fascinating迷人的，吸引人fulfill履行，执行pursue追求，致力于 available可获得的可利用的 qualify使合适，合格raise提升，增加 passion强烈的爱好，热爱 virtually实际上classify分类归类 acquire获得，取得，学到 fashionable流行的especially特别的 sample样品，标本 prosperous繁荣的University students come from different parts of the country with various purposes. However, a closer look at their reasons for studying at the university will enable us to (1)classify them roughly into three groups: those who have a(n) (2)passion for learning, those who wish to (3)attain a bright future, and those who learn with no definite purpose. Firstly, there are many students who learn simply because they (4)pursue their goal of learning. Some read a wealth of British and American novels because they are keenly interested in literature. Others sit in front
新视野大学英语（第三版）第二册读写教程课后答案 新视野大学英语（第三版）第二册读写教程课后答案Unit 1 Language in mission Text A An impressive English lesson Ex.1 Understanding the text 1、Because he is tired of listening to his father and he is not interested in grammar rules. 2、The civilization of Greece and the glory of Roman architecture are so marvelous and remarkable that they should be described at least in a brief account; however, what the student could do was only one single utterance :“whoa!” without any any specific comment. 3、Because the schools fail to set high standards of language proficiency. They only teach a little grammar and less advanced vocabulary. And the younger teachers themselves have little knowledge of the vital structures of language. 4、Because teaching grammar is not an easy job and most of the students will easily get bored if it’s not properly dealt with. 5、He familiarized his son with different parts of speech in a sentence and discussed their specific grammatical functions including how to use adverbs to describe verbs. 6、Because the son had never heard about the various names and functions of words in an English sentence before. 7、The author uses “road map”and “car”to describe grammar and vocabulary. Here,“road map”is considered as grammar and “car”as vocabulary. 8、Since the subjunctive mood his son used is a fairly advanced grammar structure, the interjection“whoa!”reflects the tremendous pride the father had toward his son; it also reflects the author’s humor in using the word because it was once used by his student, tho ugh in two different situations and with two different feelings. Ex.3 Words in use 1.condense 2.exceed 3.deficit 4.exposure 5.asset 6.adequate https://www.doczj.com/doc/a112817977.html,petent 8.adjusting 9.precisely 10.beneficial Ex.4 Word building -al/-ial: managerial/editorial/substance/survival/tradition/margin -cy : consistency/accuracy/efficient -y : recovery/ministry/assembly Ex.5 Word building 1.editorial 2.recovery 3.accuracy 4.substance 5.managerial 6.margin 7.assembly 8.Ministry 9.survival 10.tradition 11.consistency 12.efficient Ex.6 Banked cloze 1-5: L C J A I 6-10: O N E H F Ex.7 Expressions in use 1.feel obliged to 2.be serious about 3.run into 4.distinguish between 5.thrust upon 6.was allergic to 7.get lost 8.be attracted to 9.make sense 10.looked upon as Ex.8 Structured writing Some bookworms in my dormitory often spend hours reading their “Bible”, Practical English Grammar, and do a lot of exercises in that book , but I don’t care about it at all. My assumption is since I have never learned Chinese grammar, what’s the sense of l earning English grammar? In fact, English grammar has always been a big headache to me. English grammar is very complicated because, unlike Chinese, there are many verb tenses. Even
Unit 1 1.选词填空 explore(v.勘探，探测) transmit(v.传送，传递，传播) resource(n.资源) emerge(v.出现，为···所公认) yield(v.产生，出产，屈从，让步) pose(v.摆姿势，导致) assume(v.认为，假定，假设) confidence(n.信任信赖，自信心) inherit(v.沿袭，秉承，继承) comprehensive(a.综合的，多方面的) 1. Given the chance to show his ability, he regained confidence and began to succeed in school. 2. It is so difficult to explore the bottom of the ocean because some parts are very deep. 3. It was about 30 seconds before Alex emerged from the water; we were quite scared. 4. We often assume that when other people do the same things as we do, they do them for the same reasons; but this assumption is not always reasonable. 5. There is widespread concern that the rising unemployment may pose a threat to social stability. 6. After a(n) comprehensive physical exam, my doctor said I was in good condition except that my blood pressure was a little high. 7. It is well known that China is a country with rich natural resources and a very big population. 8. Some people believe that the earth can yield enough food to support at least twice its present population. 9. Sam inherited the gift of imagination from his family, but he lacked the driving power to take action. 10. A bee that has found honey is able to transmit to other bees the information they need in order to collect the honey. 2.15选10 attain赢得，获得，得到fascinating迷人的，吸引人fulfill履行，执行 pursue追求，致力于available可获得的可利用的qualify使合适，合格 raise提升，增加passion强烈的爱好，热爱virtually实际上 classify分类归类acquire获得，取得，学到fashionable流行的 especially特别的sample样品，标本prosperous繁荣的 University students come from different parts of the country with various purposes. However, a closer look at their reasons for studying at the university will enable us to (1)classify them roughly into three groups: those who have a(n) (2) passion for learning, those who wish to (3) attain a bright future, and those who learn with no definite purpose. Firstly, there are many students who learn simply because they (4) pursue their goal of learning. Some read a wealth of British and American novels because they are keenly interested in literature. Others sit in front of the computer screen, working on a new program, (5) virtually day and night, because they find some computer programs (6)fascinating, and they dream of becoming a "Bill Gates" one day. Secondly, there are students who work hard mainly for a better and more (7) prosperous future. It seems that the majority of students fall into this group. After admission to the university, they read books after books to (8) acquire knowledge from all of the resources which are (9) available to
---------------------考试---------------------------学资学习网---------------------押题------------------------------ Unit1 奔向更加光明的未来 1 下午好！作为校长，我非常自豪地欢迎你们来到这所大学。你们所取得的成就是你们自己多年努力的结果，也是你们的父母和老师们多年努力的结果。在这所大学里，我们承诺将使你们学有所成。 2 在欢迎你们到来的这一刻，我想起自己高中毕业时的情景，还有妈妈为我和爸爸拍的合影。妈妈吩咐我们：“姿势自然点。”“等一等,”爸爸说，“把我递给他闹钟的情景拍下来。”在大学期间，那个闹钟每天早晨叫醒我。至今它还放在我办公室的桌子上。 3 让我来告诉你们,一些你们未必预料得到的事情。你们将会怀念以前的生活习惯，怀念父母曾经提醒你们要刻苦学习、取得佳绩。你们可能因为高中生活终于结束而喜极而泣，你们的父母也可能因为终于不用再给你们洗衣服而喜极而泣！但是要记住：未来是建立在过去扎实的基础上的。 4 对你们而言，接下来的四年将会是无与伦比的一段时光。在这里，你们拥有丰富的资源：有来自全国各地的有趣的学生，有学识渊博又充满爱心的老师，有综合性图书馆，有完备的运动设施，还有针对不同兴趣的学生社团——从文科社团到理科社团、到社区服务等等。你们将自由地探索、学习新科目。 你们要学着习惯点灯熬油，学着结交充满魅力的人，学着去追求新的爱好。我想鼓励你们充分利用这一特殊的经历，并用你们的干劲和
热情去收获这一机会所带来的丰硕成果。 5 有这么多课程可供选择，你可能会不知所措。你不可能选修所有的课程，但是要尽可能体验更多的课程！大学里有很多事情可做可学，每件事情都会为你提供不同视角来审视世界。如果我只能给你们一条选课建议的话，那就是：挑战自己！不要认为你早就了解自己对什么样的领域最感兴趣。选择一些你从未接触过的领域的课程。这样，你不仅会变得更加博学，而且更有可能发现一个你未曾想到的、能成就你未来的爱好。一个绝佳的例子就是时装设计师王薇薇，她最初学的是艺术史。随着时间的推移，王薇薇把艺术史研究和对时装的热爱结合起来，并将其转化为对设计的热情，从而使她成为全球闻名的设计师。 6 在大学里，一下子拥有这么多新鲜体验可能不会总是令人愉快的。在你的宿舍楼里，住在你隔壁寝室的同学可能会反复播放同一首歌，令你头痛欲1 / 11 裂！你可能喜欢早起，而你的室友却是个夜猫子！尽管如此，你和你的室友仍然可能成为最要好的朋友。如果有些新的经历让你感觉不那么舒心，不要担心。我保证快乐的经历会多于不快的经历。而且我保证几乎所有这些经历都会给你带来宝贵的经验教训，从而使你的生活更加丰富多彩。所以，带着热切的目光和欢乐的心情，勇敢向前去拥抱这些新的体验吧！ 7 我们相信，你们的自我发现之旅和对爱好的寻求带给你们的将不仅仅是个人的进步。我们相信，当你们成为我们的学者群体中的一员
Because he is tired of listening to his father and he is not interested in grammar rules. The civilization of Greece and the glory of Roman architecture are so marvelous and remarkable that they should be described at least in a brief account; however, what the student could do was only one single utterance: "whoa!" without any specific comment. Because the schools fail to set high standards of language proficiency. They only teach a little grammar and less advanced vocabulary. And the younger teachers themselves have little knowledge of the vital structures of language Because teaching grammar is not an easy job and most of the students will easily get bored if it's not properly dealt with. He familiarized his son with different parts of speech in a sentence and discussed their specific grammatical functions including how to use adverbs to describe verbs. Because the son had never heard about the various names and functions of words in an English sentence before. The author uses "road map" and "car" to describe grammar and vocabulary. Here, "road map" is considered as grammar and "car" as vocabulary. Since the subjunctive mood his son used is a fairly advanced grammar structure, the interjection "whoa!" reflects the tremendous pride the father had toward his son; it also reflects the author's humor in using the word because it was once used by his student, though in two different situations and with two different feelings. ? Motivation. ? Family support. ? Peer pressure. ? Financial status. ? Future career goals
新视野大学英语（第2版）第1册Unit 1答案 (1) 新视野大学英语（第2版）第1册Unit 2答案 (2) 新视野大学英语（第二版）第1册Unit 3答案 (3) 新视野大学英语（第二版）第1册Unit 4答案 (4) 新视野大学英语（第二版）第1册Unit 5答案 (5) 新视野大学英语（第二版）第1册Unit 6答案 (7) 新视野大学英语（第二版）第1册Unit 7答案 (8) 新视野大学英语（第二版）第1册Unit 8答案 (9) 新视野大学英语（第2版）第1册Unit 9答案 (10) 新视野大学英语（第2版）第1册Unit 10答案 (11) 新视野大学英语（第2版）第1册Unit 1答案 III. 1. rewarding 2. communicate 3. access 4. embarrassing 5. positive 6. commitment 7. virtual 8. benefits 9. minimum 10. opportunities IV. 1. up 2. into 3. from 4. with 5. to 6. up 7. of 8. in 9. for 10.with V. 1.G 2.B 3.E 4.I 5.H 6.K 7.M 8.O 9.F 10.C Sentence Structure VI. 1. Universities in the east are better equipped, while those in the west are relatively poor. 2. Allan Clark kept talking the price up, while Wilkinson kept knocking it down. 3. The husband spent all his money drinking, while his wife saved all hers for the family. 4. Some guests spoke pleasantly and behaved politely, while others wee insulting and impolite. 5. Outwardly Sara was friendly towards all those concerned, while inwardly she was angry. VII. 1. Not only did Mr. Smith learn the Chinese language, but he also bridged the gap between his culture and ours. 2. Not only did we learn the technology through the online course, but we also learned to communicate with friends in English. 3. Not only did we lose all our money, but we also came close to losing our lives. 4. Not only do the workers want a pay increase, but they also want reduced working hours. 5. Not only is the house expensive, but it is also too far away from my company. Translation VIII. 1. Not only can students choose when and where to learn for an online course, but they can also take time to think through answers before making a reply. 2. She is excited by the idea of online learning while be considers it meaningless and useless. 3. Communicating with native English speakers is a very rewarding experience from which we can learn a lot. 4. Today, more and more people have access to the Internet through which they look for the information they need. 5. He wants her to give up working and stay home to look after the children. She feels, however, that this is too much for her. 6. Now that we have finished the course, we shall start doing more revision work. IX. 1. 我永远都不会忘记那位老师，是他告诉我学外语是有趣的、有价值的。如果没有他，我的英语说得不会像现在这样好。 2 没有任何其他语言能像英语那样让你感受到多姿多彩的世界文化。有了过硬的英语知识，你就可以体验奇妙的文化之旅。 3. 写作不仅仅要写老师布置的话题，而且要写自己感兴趣的东西，例如，给朋友写电子邮件。 4. 远程教学课程是指授课者与学生通过计算机通信技术进行交流的课程。 5. 英语不但是世界上最有用的语言，也是世界上最易学、易用的语言之一。 6远程教学课程在时间安排上给予学生更多的自由，但与其他课程比，这些课程要求学生有更强的自律能力。Cloze 1. B 2.A 3.B 4.B 5.C 6,C 7.B 8.A 9.a 10.B 11.A 12.A 13.B 14.A 15.B Structured Writing XII. I am proud to say that I succeeded in learning a foreign language. It was a real challenge and, needless to say, it took a lot of practice. I carried a small dictionary with me everywhere I went as well as a notebook in which I listed new words I