（直击高考）2013高考英语语法重难点系列专题10 名词性从句考
点
在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句(Noun Clauses），引导名词性从句的词叫连词。名词性从句又分别称为: 主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句
主语从句：是在复合句中充当主语的从句，常放在谓语动词之前或者用形式主语it代替，将其本身放在句尾。
例如：1. That he came here just now has been proved.
他刚才来的这里得到了证实。
解析：That he came here just now在谓语has been proved的前面，所以是主语从句。
2. It’s true that we are going next week.
我们下星期走是真的。
解析：真正的主语是 that we are going next week，前面的i t是形式主语。
宾语从句：在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，通常放在主句谓语动词（及物动词）和介词之后。
例如：1. We all know what he is.
我们都知道他是干什么的。
解析：what he is作及物动词know的宾语从句。
2. His worry is about whether he can succeed.
他的担忧是关于他是否能成功。
解析：whether he can succeed作介词about的宾语从句。
表语从句：在复合句中作表语的名词性从句，放在系动词之后，一般结构是：主语+联系动词+表语从句
例如：1. His question is where he can buy a house.
他的问题是他能在哪里买房子。
解析：where he can buy a house是联系动词is后面的表语从句。
2. This is why we can’t get their support.
这就是我们得不到他们支持的原因。
解析:why we can’t get their support是联系动词is后面的表语从句。
同位语从句：是用以说明所修饰名词的具体内容的，它与被修饰的词语通常可以划等号。例如：We heard the news that our team had won.
我听说了我们球队获胜的消息。
为了思维的连贯性，此专题我们不以从句的分类来讲，而以连词的分类讲。
引导名词性从句的连词主要有以下几类：
1.具有词汇意义的连词（what, how, who, when, where, why,whose, which）
2.没有词汇意义的that（that在句中没有如何意义，只起连词的作用）
3.if/whether（是否）
4.具有双重身份的what
5.疑问词+ ever（whatever、whoever、whomever、however、whenever、wherever、whichever）
一、具有词汇意义的连词
1. I know when he was born.
我知道他什么时候出生的。
2. Where he lives is known to us all.
他住在哪里我们大家都清楚。
3. My question is how you came to school.
我的问题是你怎样来的学校。
4. He told us why she was late.
他告诉我们她为什么迟到。
5. Please let me know what you are .
让我们知道你是干什么的。
6. Which team will win isn’t clear.
哪只队将要赢还不清楚。
从上面的例句我们可以看出上述引导名词性从句的连词都具有词汇意义。
二、that的用法
1.I know that your name is Tom. （宾语从句）
我知道你名字叫汤姆。
2.The news that they won the match excited us very much. （同位语从句）
他们获得了比赛胜利的消息使我们都非常兴奋。
3.That he often helps my sister makes me happy. （主语从句）
他经常帮我妹妹使得我开心。
4.My demand is that you (should ) try to study hard. （表语从句）
我的要求是你们尽力努力学习。
从上述四个句子我们可以看出that在句中不具有任何词汇意义，也不充当任何成分。一）that引导主语从句常用it作形式主语的情况：
（should) do.（因为其动词都是表“建议、命令、要求、主张、决定”等）
动词原形的虚拟语气。
1）老师建议我们早上早起。
The teacher suggests that we (should) get up early in the morning. (宾语从句）2）我们决定你们下个星期去郊游。
We have decided that you (should) go for an outing next week.(宾语从句）
3）班长要求我们的家庭作业尽早地交上去。
The monitor demands that our homework (should) be handed in as soon as possible. （宾语从句）
3. It+特殊动词+ that从句
常见动词有:occur, happen, seem, turn out，come about
1）It seems that...（好像。。。。。。）
a. It seems that you object to his idea .
好像你反对他的想法。
b. It seems that he has been to Japan.
好像他去过日本。
2）It happens that...(碰巧。。。。。。）
a. It happens that we all like physics,so we always have much to talk with each other.
碰巧我们都喜欢物理，所以我们常相互有许多话谈。
b. It happened that we went to visit the factory last week too .
碰巧我们也是上个星期去参观的那家工厂。
It doesn’t happen that...=It happens...not...（碰巧不。。。。。。）
a. It happened that he was not in yesterday. =
It didn’t happen that he was in yesterday.
碰巧他昨天不在家。
b. It happened that I didn’t have any money on me then,either.=
It didn’t happen that I had any money on me then ,either.
碰巧当时我身上也没有带钱。
4）It turned out that ...（结果是。。。。。。）
a. It turned out that my answer was wrong.=
My answer turned out (to be) wrong .
结果我答案是错的。
b. It turned out that it was a sunny day.=
It turned out (to be)a sunny day.
结果是个大晴天。
5）How does/did it come about that...?（。。。。。。是怎么回事？）
a. How did it come about that you didn’t play foo tball ?
你没有踢足球是怎么回事？
b. How does it come about that you often come late ?
你常迟到是怎么回事？
c. I wan t to know how it comes about that you don’t like him.
我想知道你不喜欢他是怎么回事。
4.It’s said/reported/considered…that从句（据说/据报道/据认为。。。。。。）
a. 据说/认为/报道你是个好医生。
It is said/considered/reported that you are a good doctor.→You are said/considered/reported/to be a good doctor.
b. 据说他们正在国外踢球。
It is said that they are playing football in a foreign country.→
They are said to be playing footbal l in a foreign country.
c. 据认为那本书翻译成了英语。
It is considered that the book has been put into English. →
The book is considered to have been put into English.
以上句子的考点在绿色部分的变体：主要考句中动词不定式的形式（一般式、进行式和完成式等）,如果是一般性的就用一般式，正在进行就用进行式、已经完成就用完成式。
二）that引导宾语从句
1.一般动词后面直接跟宾语从句
a. He told me (that )you came from Wuhan.
他告诉我他是武汉人。
b.Yesterday we knew (that )he had been to that village three times.
昨天我们知道他去过那个村庄三次了。
c. They hear( that ) a hospital will be built in their hometown.
他们听说在他们家乡将修一家医院。
3. 动词find(发现、觉得），feel（感觉、觉得），consider（认为）、think （认为），make （使得），believe（相信）等后面有宾语补足语时，it作形式宾语，that从句放在后面。
a. We find it hard that we must finish the work in three days.
我们发现我们必须在三天内完成工作难。
b. Please make it clear to everyone that they are innocent.
必须让人人都清楚他们是清白的。
c. I believe it true that he will come here tomorrow.
我相信他明天要来这里是真的。
d. Do you think it fair that he wasn’t punished last week ?
你认为他上个星期没有受到处罚公平吗？
e. They consider it my duty that I look after my students well.
他们认为我好好照顾我的学生是我的职责。
f. I feel it easy that th ey clean the classroom three times a day .
我感觉他们一天扫三次教室容易。
但是如果宾语从句是what（双重身份）类时，则不可以用it
a.We consider what y ou said (to be)reliable.
我们认为你说的可靠。
b. We found what we had learned (to be) valuable.
我们发现我学的有价值。
c. Do you think what I bought yesterday (to be)cheap?
你认为我昨天买的便宜吗？
except/but/besides that(除……之外）是例外
1) He works hard in that he wants to go to a good college.
他刻苦学习在于他想上一所好大学。
2)He stood there still except that his lip moved.
他除了嘴唇在动，一动不动地站在那里。
6.宾语从句中that不可省略的使用情况：引导宾语从句中的that 通常可以省略，但是在下列情况下不能省
a. 一个动词后面跟有两个或两个以上的宾语从句时 , 最后一个从句前的that不能省
I know (that) you are very clever and that you always work hard.
我知道你很聪明你很用功。
b. 当that从句作learn, suggest, explain , agree, prove, mean, feel, state等动词的宾语时
I learn that he has arrived.
我得知他已经到了。
c. 当宾语从句的状语（从句）位于句首时
He told me that every other day he came here.
He told me (that) he came here every other day.
他告诉我他每两天来这里。
d. 当主句的谓语动词和宾语从句之间有插入语时
He says that , if time permits, he will come to help me.
他说如果时间许可的话，他会来帮我。
e. 当宾语从句的主语是非谓语动词或主语从句时
I know that what you need is just a book.
我知道你需要的仅仅是本书。
f. 当主句中的谓语动词是固定词组时
He has made up his mind that he will try to catch up with his classmates.
他下决心他将努力赶上他同班同学。
7.宾语从句中否定的转移：当主句的主语是第一人称，谓语是think, believe, suppose 等表示“意念，信念，揣测”的动词时，宾语从句的否定要提到主句上来，反义疑问句则要根据宾语从句的主谓进行变化。
a. I don’t think your answer is right, is it?
我认为你的答案不对，是吗？
b. I don’t believe you can go next year。
我相信你明年不会去
c. I don’t suppose he will succee
d.
我猜想他不会成功。
8.宾语从句中的时态：
当主句的谓语是一般现在时的时候，宾语从句的谓语用各种所需要的时态。
a.I know (that) he lives here.
我知道他住在这里。
b.I know when he was born.
我知道他什么时候出生的。
c.I hear (that1)he has been a soldier for three years.
我听说他已当兵三年了。
d.I can see (that) you are happy every day.
我能看出你每天很快乐。
当主句的谓语动词是一般过去时态时, 宾语从句的谓语动词必须用过去时态的某一种形式。
a.He said that he was watching TV.
他说他在看电视。
b. I was told when the meeting would be put off.
我被告知会议将延期。
c. She mentioned in his talk that his name was Li Ping.
他在报告中提到他的名字叫李明。
但是：即使主句的谓语是一般过去时，宾语从句如果是表示客观真理性的，格言，谚语类时，其谓语动词仍然要用一般现在时。
a.The teacher told us knowledge is power.
老师告诉我们知识就是力量。
b. When I was a boy, I knew the earth is round.
当我小的时候我知道地球是圆的。
三、if/whether（是否）的用法
四、what：在从句中具有双重身份。即：既引导名词性从句，在名词性从句中又充当一个成分。
我父母把我培养成我现在的样子。
解析：这里的what相当于the person who/that
7. After what seemed five years , he came .→ After five years，he came.
似乎过了五年之后，他来了。
解析：这里的what相当于the time that
8.Finally he went to what is called America.→ Finally he went to America.
最后他去了叫美国的地方。
解析：这里的what相当于the place that
9. I live in what people call Wuhan . → I live in Wuhan.
我住在人们称作武汉的地方。
解析：这里的what相当于the place that
10.A modern city has been set up in what was a wasteland 10 years ago.
一座现代化的城市已在10年前还是一片荒地的地方建起来了。
解析：这里what相当于the place that
11.I would like to play what is called rock music.
我想演奏所谓的摇滚音乐。
解析：这里what=the thing that
五，疑问词-ever(无论……):这类词既可以引导名词性从句也可以引导状语从句，在引导状语从句时可以换成no matter +疑问词，而在引导名词性从句时只能用疑问词-ever.
难点：
1. whoever/whomever
whoever/whomever在句中相当于anyone who/anyone that，而whomever只作宾语。
2. however
1）不管怎样
However =No matter how you come to school, you must arrive on time.
不管怎样来上学，你都必须准时。
2）形容词或者副词要紧跟在后面
a. However hard English is , I want to study it well.= No matter how hard English is,…
不管英语多难，我都想学好。
b. However busy he is ,he will come to see me.= No matter how busy he is, …
不管他多忙，他都要来看我。
c. However carefully he writes, he always makes some minor mistakes.=
No matter how carefully he writes, …
不管他写得多认真，他总是犯一些小错误。
3. 注意下面这类完成句子题：
1）______________ (不管发生什么事) , I will go. (what）
答案: No matter what
解析：在做这道题时，许多学生的答案可能会是Whatever. 在这里是引导的状语从句，但由于是要求用括号内的单词完成句子，所以答案就只能是No matter what
2)___________________ (不管你什么时候方便）, please come to my home .(when) 答案：No matter when it is convenient to you。
解析：在这里就不能是Whenever it is convenient, 理由是括号里给的是when。
七，表语从句的补充：
1.This is where he lives.
这就是我住的地方。
2.That’s where I first met her.
那就是我第一次遇见她的地方。
3.That’s how he studies his lessons.
他就是这样学习功课的。
4.That’s why he didn’t come.
这就是他没有来的原因。
5.This is why he ran so quickly .
这就是他跑得这样快的原因。
6.That was when I was fifteen .
这是我15岁的时侯发生的事。
根据上面的例句大家注意到了where，how，when，why在引导表语从句时的中文意思。where 的意思是“……的地方”、why的意思是“……原因”、how的意思是“这样”、 when 的意思是“……的时候”
在这种情况下其句子的主语都是“this”或者“that”，否则他们的词汇意义就会有变。
1.My problem is how he can arrive so early.
我的问题是他怎样能那样早到。
2.His doubt is when they will finish the project.
他的疑问是他们什么时候将完成那项工程。
3.What I want to know is why you always sleep in class.
我想知道的是你为什么上课总睡觉。
4.His question is where he must go.
他的问题是他必须去哪里。
八、同位语从句
在句中作同位语的名词性从句叫同位语从句.它用以进一步说明与它同位的名词所表示的具体内容。常可带同位语从句的名词有advice,belief,doubt,dream,hope,idea,message, news,order,possibility，promise, problem, question, suggestion, thought, truth, view,wish,word等
1.The news that they have won the match is true.
他们获得比赛胜利的消息是真的。
解析：that they have won the match是前面news的内容。
2.You are sure to live your dream that you can find a good job.
你肯定能实现你找到好工作的梦想。
解析：梦想的内容就是找到好工作。
3.Do you remember your promise that you will buy me a computer?
你记得你要给我买台电脑的诺言吗？
解析：给我买电脑就是诺言的内容。
4.Word came that he would give us a talk.
有消息说他将给我们做演讲。
解析：that he would give us a talk就是前面word的内容。
注意：在某些名词（如：demand,advice,suggestion,idea,decision,wish,order等）后面的同位语从句谓语动词要用（should）+动词原形的虚拟语气。
1.I like your idea that we (should) do some reading every day.
我喜欢你的我们每天读书的想法。
2.The suggestion that they (should)go next week is reasonable.
他们下个星期走的建议合乎情理。
3.You must obey the order that you (should) drill on time.
你们必须听从你们准时操练的命令。
九、同位语从句、定语从句的区别
1. 同位语从句进一步说明前面名词的具体内容;定语从句则对其先行词起修饰,限制的作用。
2. 引导同位语从句的连词没有任何词汇意义,也不在从句中担任成分,但不能省略,而引导定语从句的关系词则代表先行词的词义,在从句中必须担任成分,作宾语时常可省略.
试比较:
6)
从句）
在暖和又常下雨的地方竹子长得很好。
解析：where在后面的句子中作状语。
十、与名词性从句有关的常用句型
1.There is no doubt that… 毫无疑问……（同位语从句）
There is no doubt that we can succeed only by hard work.
毫无疑问只有通过努力我们才能成功。
2.It is no wonder that… 难怪……（主语从句）
It is no wonder that you both often play together.
难怪你们两个常在一起玩。
3.There is no possibility tha t… ……不可能（同位语从句）
There is no possibility that it will snow tomorrow.
明天不可能下雪。
Is there any possibility that it will snow tomorrow?
明天有可能下雪吗？
4.There is no deny that… 不可否认……（同位语从句）
There is no deny that China is developing very quickly.
不可否认的是中国正在迅猛发展。
soon.
据说/认为/报道/宣布不久将有狂风暴雨。
10.It’s universa lly acknowledged that… ……是大家公认的（主语从句）
It’s universally acknowl edged that America is a superpower.
美国是一个超级大国是大家公认的。
11.What they have in common (with…)is that… (与…….)共同之处是……（主语从句） What they have in common is that they are all fat.
他们的共同之处是他们都胖。
What they have in common with me is that we are all fat.
他们和我的共同之处是我们都胖。
12.It turned out that… 结果是……（主语从句）
It turned out that all of them succeeded.
结果是他们都成功了。
13.How does/ did it come about that…? ……是怎么回事（主语从句）
How does it come about that you are so sleepy every day ?
你每天昏昏欲睡是怎么回事？
14 .It happened that… 碰巧……（主语从句）
It happened that the Taikonaut Wang Yaping was my neighbour.
碰巧宇航员王亚平是我的邻居。
15.It occurred to me that… 我突然想到…..（主语从句）
It flashed upon me that…
It struck/hit me that…
It crowded in on me that...
It crowded into my mind that...
It occurred to me that I still had many words to remember.
我突然想到我还有许多单词要记。
16.What struck me most is... 给我印象最深的是......
What impressed me most is...
What struck/impressed me most is the way he solved the problem.
给我印象最深的是他解决那个问题的方法。
高考\模拟题再现：
1.（2012高考湖北卷80）Things aren’t always ______(appear).
事情往往不是他们看上去的那样。
答案：what they appear (to be)
解析：这里的what既引导表语从句又在从句中作主语。
2.（2012高考福建卷）We promise _____attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star.
A. who
B. whom
C. whoever
D. whomever
答案：C
5.
office.
A. whether
B. where
C. which
D.that
答案：D
解析：“他突然想到他把钥匙掉在办公室了”，是句型it occurred to sb. tha t...“某人突然想到。。。。。。”。
6.（2012高考北京卷）Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt ___he could have expressed it differently.
A. why
B. which
C. that
D. whether
答案：C
解析：“Jerry不后悔所做的评判，但他感觉到他本可以用不同的方式来表达的”。考查宾语从句，不差任何词汇意义，所以选that.
7.（2012高考山东卷）It doesn’t matter ___you pay by cash or credit card in this store.
A. how
B. whether
C. what
D. Why
答案：B
解析：“在这家商店你是用现金还是刷卡没关系”。It是形式主语，后面考的是主语从句，根据结构是whether...or...“是。。。。。。还是。。。。。。”。
8.（2012高考新课标卷）It is by no means clear ____the president can do to end the strike.
A. how
B. which
C. that
D. what
答案：D
解析：“总统会采取什么措施来结束罢工还不清楚”。it是形式主语，后面才是一个真正的主语从句，根据结构来看，后面的句子要有一个连词来引导，do后面没有宾语，所以就只能用what,并且do what是“采取什么措施”之意。
9.（2012青岛统一质量检测）____is expected that it will be fine tomorrow,when we
can do some outdoor activities.
A. As
B. It
C. That
D. Which 答案：B
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第一讲座：名词---基础篇 一、名词的复数： 1. 名词变复数的规则形式： 1). 一般情况下直接加s：book------books cup-----cups 2). 以辅音字母+y结尾的，先变y为i再加es： city-------cities family-----families 3). 以s、x、sh、ch结尾的加es： bus-----buses wish------wishes watch------watches 4). 以o结尾的多数加S 初中阶段只有三个单词加es： tomato-----tomatoes potato------potatoes hero-----heroes Negroes 5). 以f、fe 结尾的，先把f、fe变v 再加es： leaf----leaves self---selves shelf----shelves life----lives thief---thieves 2. 少数名词的复数形式是不规则的： man----men woman---women child----children foot-----feet tooth----teeth mouse---mice 3. 单数和复数形式相同： deer---deer fish----fish sheep----sheep Chinese ----Chinese Japanese---Japanese 4. 某国人的复数： 1). 中、日不变：Chinese----Chinese Japanese---Japanese 2). 英、法变：Englishman----Englishmen Frenchman----Frenchmen 3).其余s加后面：American-----Americans German----Germans Australian---Australians 二、不可数名词： 1. 不可数名词： 1). 不能直接用数字表数量；2). 不能直接加a或an；3). 没有复数形式； 4). 可用some、any、lots of、plenty of、much 修饰；5). 可用“量词短语”表示； 2. 不可数名词的数量的表示方法：a / 数字+ 量词+ of + 不可数名词： a piece of paper a cup of tea a glass of milk 三、名词的所有格： 1. ’s 所有格：
名词性从句 区别什么从句应看主句，主句不完整时从句肯定是名词性从句。主句完整时，从句可能是定语从句，状语从句，或者同位语从句。 需要用什么引导词看从句。名词性从句中缺什么意思用什么意思的引导词; 缺名词性成 份时，指人用指物用不缺意思和成份时用That只有在宾语从句中可以省略。 引导主、宾、表语从句时，what要充当主语、宾语或表语等句子成分，that不作任何成分，只在语法上起连接的作用。 ◆____we can’t get∧seems better than ____ we have∧. A. What; what B. what; that C. That; that D. That; what 本句包含一个主语从句和一个宾语从句，且两个从句都缺乏宾语，可见两个引导词都必须充当成分，所以答案是A。 ◆____ ∧caused the accident is still a complete mystery. A. What B. That C. How D. Where 该题答案是A，what在主语从句中作主语，即作谓语动词caused的执行者。在下面的例句中，that不充当任何成份，只起语法连接作用（因为句子本身不缺成分）： 〖2011江西卷〗The villagers have already known we’ll do is to rebuild the bridge. A．this B．that C．what D．which 考察宾语从句和主语从句。村民们已经知道我们将要做的事情是重建这座桥，后面的宾语从句的主语从句中缺少主语且指物，所以选择what。答案：C 〖2011四川卷〗Our teachers always tell us to believe in we do and who we are if we want to succeed. A. why B. how C. what D. which in介词后面接宾语从句，且从句中缺do的宾语，故选C项。why、how在句中作状语；which在名词性从句中作定语。选C. 〖2011陕西卷〗I’d like to start my own business –that’s I’d do if I had the money. A.why B.when C.which D.what 所填词引导的从句位于系动词之后，是表语从句，所填词在从句中做宾语，指物，用what，选D。其余选项与题意不符。 〖2011北京卷〗Barbara Jones offers to her fans is honesty and happiness. A. Which B. What C. That D. Whom 考察名词性从句中的主语从句。主语从句中缺少offer的宾语，选择what。
2020届高考一轮复习语法专项十七：连词连词分为并列连词和从属连词两大类。并列连词是连接主语与主语，谓语与谓语，句子与句子，分词与分词的词，它要求前后两部分有相同的形式和语法作用；而从属连词一般连接主句与从句，从句形式有名词性从句，定语从句和状语从句等。 （一）并列连词： 并列连词可用来连接词与词，词组与词组，分句与分句。常用的并列连词有：and（和），as well as（既…又），both … and（不但…而且），not only … but also（不但…而且），not … but（不是…而是），neither … nor（既不…也不），either … or（不是…就是），or（或者），but （但是），yet（然而），for（因为），so（所以），while（而），when（这时）等。如：Both my brother and my sister are teachers./ His room is bright but mine is gloomy（暗沉沉的）./ He can not only repair radios but also fix them./ It is a glorious（光荣的）yet difficult task./ Strike while iron is hot. （二）从属连词 从属连词是指在复合句中引导从句的连结词。常见的从属连词有： 引导时间状语从句的：after, before, when, as, while, since, until, till, as soon as 引导原因状语从句的：because, since, as 引导让步状语从句的：although, though, no matter（无论）, even if (though) 引导条件状语从句的：if, unless, once, so (as) long as 引导结果状语从句的：so … that …, such … that … 引导目的状语从句的：so that …, in order that … 引导比较状语从句的：as … as …, not so (as) … as …, … than … 引导方式状语从句的：as if … 引导主语，宾语或表语从句的连词主要有：that, whether, if三个。其中that 和whether 间或还可以引起同位从句和状语从句。 （三）某些用法比较特殊的从属连词用法区别 1、当while, when, as引导时间状语从句时的区别：①while引导的状语从句中动词必须是持续性。谓语动词多为进行时，或状态动词的一般时。while 的这些用法可用when代替，等于“at the time that”, “during the time that”。例如：Please keep quiet while (when) others are studying；② when除可指一段时间外，还可用来指一点时间，等于“at the time”，也就是说
高考英语语法复习专题（2）名词性从句(附参考答案) 1、名词性从句中连接词的运用 名词性从句中的连接词有连词that / whether / as if，连接代词what / who/ which / whose / whatever / whoever / whomever / whichever，连接副词where / when / why / how / wherever / whenever。 （1）that的用法。 ①主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中用that但不能省略。如： That they are good at English is known to us all. The problem is that we don’t have enough money. She expressed the hope that they would come to China one day. ②宾语从句中的连接词that有时可省有时又不可省，在以下几种情况中that不能省略：（A）当that 从句和主句谓语动词之间有插入词语或者从句主语之间有插入语时，that不可省略；（B）当that 从句与另一名词性从句并列作宾语时，that不能省；（C）当that作介词宾语时，that不可省掉。如：He judged that,because he was a child, he did not understand wine Everyone knew what happened and that she was worried. The reason lies in that she works harder than the others do. ③that从句作主语和宾语时，可以用it 来替换成以下几种结构表达。 (A)It is clear/certain/likely/true/surprising that… （B）It is a pity/shame/good idea/no wonder that ...（C）It is said/reported/ believed/known/thought/suggested that … （D）It seems/happens that。如： It happened that I went out last night. It is said that China will win in the World Cup. ④that和what的区别。 that 引导名词性从句时，在主从句中不以当任何句子成分，也没有任何含义；而what引导名词性从句时，在主从句中都要充当一定的句子成分，what可以分解成定语从句中的先行词+ 关系代词即常说的先行词+ that。如： It’s shame that he has made such a mistake. Do what he says. ⑤同位语从句与定语从句中that的区别。 同位语从句中的连词that只起连接作用，在从句中不担当任何句子成分；而定语从句中的关系代词that在句中做宾语或主语，宾语与先行词有修饰关系。如果句子是同位语从句，就应用连词that而不能用which.同位语从句一般放在表具体含义的名词后解释名词的含义或内容，如以下名词：news、fact、suggestion、truth、plan、belief、doubt、possibility、idea等，而定语从句只是对先行词的限定和修饰。如： They expressed the hope that they would come to visit China again.(同位语从句) The hope she expressed is that they would come to visit China again.（定语从句） 选择填空 1._____________ you have done might do harm to other people. A. That B. What C. Which D. This 2. They have no idea at all ____________. A. where he has gone B. where did he go C. which place he has gone D. where he has gone 3. _____________ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights. A. Anyone B. The person C. Whoever D. Who 4. _____________ the Games will be held in Beijing is not known. A. Whenever B. If C. Whether D. That 5. _____________ you like him is none of my business. A. What B. Who C. That D. Whether 6. _____________ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present. A. What B. That C. The fact D. The matter 7. —Do you remember ____________ he came? —Yes, I do, he came by car. A. how B. when C. that D. if 8. Sarah hopes to become a friend of _____________ shares her interests. A. anyone B. whomever C. whoever D. no matter who 9. ____________ we can’t get seems better than ____________ we have. A. What; what B. What; that C. That; that D. That; what 10. _____________ we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. A. If B. Whether C. That D. Where 11. It is generally considered unwise to give a child _____________ he or she wants. A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever
专题一定语从句 一、关系代词引导的定语从句 1、that 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语 which 指物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语（作宾语时可以省略） who 指人在从句中作主语，宾语或表语 whom 指人在从句中作宾语 whose 指人或物在从句中作定语 as 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语 but 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语 注意：指物时，whose+名词=the+名词+of which 或of which+the+名词 2、as 的用法 （1）常用于下列结构：such…as; so…as;the same…as; as…as 注意：the same…as 表示同一类，不同一个 the same…that 表示同一个 （2）as与which的区别 a、位置不同 as可放在主句后，主句前或主句中间；which只能放在主句后。 b、as起连接作用，表达说话人的观点、看法，并指出主句内容的根据或出处，意为“正如，正像”。 Which相当于并列句，可以用and this来代替，意为“这一点，这件事’”。 注意：as常用于下列结构：as we know/ as is known to all, as we all can see, as has been said before/above, as might be excepted, as is often the case, 一般不能用which代替as。 C、在从句中作主语时，which既可作系动词be的主语也可作实义动词的主语，而as只可作系动词be的主语。 3、but用作关系代词，相当于who/that…not 例：In China there is no one but knows Lei Feng. 二、只用that不用which的情况 1、.先行词为all , much, everything, nothing , something ,anything, nothing, none, the one等不定代词时 2、先行词被only, any, few, little, no , all, just , very ,right等修饰时. 3、当先行词是最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。 4、当先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时。 5、当先行词是数词时. 6、当先行词既指人又指物时。 7、如有两个定语从句，其中一个关系代词已用which，另一个关系代词则宜用that。 8、主句是There be结构,修饰其主语的定语从句宜用that 作关系代词。 9、被修饰成分为表语,或者关系代词本身是定语从句的表语时，该关系代词宜用that。 10、先行词为what，关系代词用that。
高考英语语法填空专题练习含答案 阅读下面短文，根据上下文填入适当的词语，或使用括号中的词语的适当形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡上标号的相应位置. 〔1〕 In the United States, there were 222 people 1.__________〔report〕to be billionaires〔亿万富翁〕in 2003. The 2.__________of these is Bill Gates, worth at least $ 41 billion, who made his money 3. 4. 5. __________the time he was 6.__________, there are still some other people who have made lots of money at even 7.__________〔young〕ages. Other young people who have struck it rich include Jackie Coogan and Shirley Temple. 8.__________of these child actors made over a million dollars 9.__________〔act〕in movies before they were 14. But 10. __________ youngest billionaire is Albert von Thurn und Taxis of Germany, who, in 2001, inherited 〔继承〕a billion dollars when he turned 18! 〔2〕 Finishing their shopping at the mall, a couple discovered that their new car 1.__________〔steal〕. They filed a report 2.__________the police station and a detective drove them 3.__________to the parking lot to look for evidence. To their 4.__________〔amaze〕, the car had been returned 5.__________there was a note in it that said: “I apologize for taking your car. My wife was having a baby and I had to rush her to the 6.__________. Please forget the inconvenience. There are two tickets 7.__________tonight's M ania Twain concert.” Their faith in humanity restored. The couple attended 8.__________concert. But when they returned home, they immediately found. 9.__________their house had been ransacked 〔洗劫〕. On the bathroom mirror was 10.__________note: “I have to put my kid through college somehow, don't I?” 〔3〕 People 1.__________〔live〕in different countries made different kinds of words. Today there are about fifteen hundred 2.__________in the world. Each contains many thousands of words. A very large dictionary, for example, contains four 3.__________ five hundred thousand words. But we do not need 4.__________these. To read short stories you need to know only about two thousand words. 5.__________you leave school, you will learn only one thousand or more.
江苏高考英语语法专题复习知识点汇总 一、冠词The Article 知识要点： 冠词是一种虚词，放在名词的前面，帮助说明名词的含义。冠词分不定冠词（The Indefinite Article）和定冠词（The definite Article）两种。a (an) 是不定冠词，a用在辅音之前：如a book, a man; an用在元音之前，如：an old man, an hour, an interesting book等。the是定冠词。 一、不定冠词的用法 1、指人或事物的某一种类（泛指）。这是不定冠词a (an)的基本用法。如：She is a girl. I am a teacher. Please pass me an apple. 2、指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人或何物。如：He borrowed a story-book from the library. A Li is looking for you. 一位姓李的同志正在找你。 3、表示数量，有“一”的意思，但数的概念没有one强烈。如： I have a mouth, a nose and two eyes. 4、用于某些固定词组中。如： a bit, a few, a little, a lot of, a piece of, a cup of, a glass of, a pile of, a pair of, have a good time, for a while, for a long time等。 5、用在抽象名词前，表具体的介绍——a + 抽象名词，起具体化的作用。如： This little girl is a joy to her parents. 这女孩对她父母来说是一个乐趣。 It is a pleasure to talk with you. 跟您交谈真是一件愉快的事情。 It is an honour to me to attend the meeting. 参加这个会，对我来说是一种荣誉。 二、定冠词的用法： 1、特指某（些）人或某（些）事物。这是定冠词the的基本用法。如： Beijing is the capital of China. The pen on the desk is mine. 2、指谈话双方都知道的人或事物。如： Where is the teacher? Open the window, please. 3、指上文提过的人或事物（第二次出现）。如： There was a chair by the window. On the chair sat a young woman with a baby in her arms. The baby was thin. 4、用在世界上独一无二的事物前。如： the earth, the moon, the sun. 5、用在序数词和形容词最高级前。（副词最高级前的定冠词可省略）如： He is always the first to come to school. Bob is the tallest in his class. 6、用在某些专有名词前（由普通名词构成的专用名词）。如： the Great Wall, the Summer Palace, the Science Museum, the Children’s Palace, the Party等。 7、用在一些习惯用语中。如： on the day, in the morning (afternoon, evening), the day after tomorrow, the day before yesterday, the next year, by the way等。 8、用在江河湖海、山脉前。如： the Yellow River, the Pacific Ocean, the Alps, the Himalayas 9、用在报刊、杂志前。如： the People’s Daily, the Evening Paper, the Times 泰晤士报。 10、表示某一家人要加定冠词。如： The Browns are at home to receive visitors today. 布朗一家今天要接待客人。 11、用在形容词前，表某一类人。如： the poor, the wounded, the living, the dead, the rich, the sick等。 12、定冠词可以表示一事物内部的某处。如： The driver always sits in the front of the bus(car). 三、零冠词（即不用冠词）： 1、专用名词和不可数名词前。如： China, America, Grade One, Class Two, milk, oil, water, paper, science等。 2、名词前已有作定语用的this, that, my, your, some, any等代词。如： Go down this street. 3、复数名词表示一类人或事物时。如： We are students.
最新精品汇编2013高考模拟试题分类汇编：冠词 1. Li Qun, who graduated from_____university in South China, is now studying for her degree in _ European country, A．a, a B．the, an C．the, a D．a ,an 2. spacecraft Shenzhou VII took off On November 1，2011 at Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in Northwest China． A．The；the B．The；不填C．A；the D．A；不填 3. I don't know who invented _____ iphone, but I think it is _____ useful invention． A．the; a B．the; the C．an; the D．an; a 4. If you are hunting chance to improve yourself in English，I think the English corner will be smart choice. A．a；a B．a；the C. the；a D．the；the 5. -----How about________ Christmas evening party? -----I should say it was _________ success. A. a; a B. the; / C. a; / D. the; a 6. The government said the city is facing ______ short supply of about 1 million cubic meters of ________ natural gas. A. a; / B. the; the C. a; a D. the; / 7. If you fail this time, don't lose ______ heart．Try to do it ______ second time． A．your; a B．your; the C．不填;a D．不填;the 8. —Which of the two poems do you like most? —shorter one, of course. I think it’s really most interesting one. A．The; a B．The; the C．A; the D．The; 不填 9. It is said that ______ wool produced in Australia is of ______ high quality. A. 不填; 不填 B. the; 不填 C. the; a D. the; the 10. People who drink and drive are __________ danger both to themselves and to ________others. A. the；不填 B. a；不填 C. 不填；the D. the；the 11. Yue Yue, _____ 2-year-old girl who was twice run over by vans and then ignored by 18 passers-by as she lay critically injured on a street, draws _____ concern from all over the country. A. the, / B. a, the C. a; / D. the, a 12. _______ most efficient way to understand thousands of new words is to gain _______ good knowledge of basic word formation． A．A; a B．The; / C．A;/ D．The; the 13. When you grow up in___________ large family，you are more likely to develop__________ ability to get on well with others． A．the；the B．the；a C．a：a D．a：the 14. ----I hear that there was a terrible crash in the subway in Shanghai the other day. ----Yes, ______news came as ______shock to all of us. A. the; the B. a; / C. the; a D. /; a 15. It is thought that custom of coloring eggs was brought to Europe during Middle Ages．A．the：the B．a；不填C．a；the D．the；不填 16. Nicknames are interesting. If ______ man were unusually strong, he might adopt _____name
高考英语常考必考六个语法知识点 高考英语常考必考六个语法知识点 1. 语态和时态 —do you see those people on the little sandy island? —yes, they _______ handkerchiefs for the last half hour. i wonder why. a. were waving b. waved c. had waved d. have been waving 【正确答案】d 【高考考点】考查动词时态。现在完成进行时：表示一个从过去某一时刻开始的动作，一直延续到说话时还在进行或刚结束，句中常出现用for, since,how long等引导的时间状语。 his telephone has been ringing for a long it hasbeen raining since last sunday. how long have you been wearing glasses? 【题干句意】“你有没有看见那些在小岛上的人?”“是的，我看见了。他们在过去的半小时里一直在挥手帕，我不知道为什么。” 【详细解析】这个挥手帕的动作是在半小时前开始的，然后一直在挥，一直挥到了说话的这个时候，所以我们用的是一个现在完成进行时，强调一个动作的持续。我们再来看
一下其他几个时态： a选项是were waving——过去进行时，它指的是：①过去某一时刻正在进行;②过去某一阶段正在进行;——过去时，过去某时间发生的且已完成的动作，所以我们知道a 和b这两个时态都是和过去有关，而和现在是没有一点关系的，所以a和b这两个答案错了。 c. had waved——过去完成时：过去某一时刻或某一动作前完成的动作或状态，那么它所表达的时候是在过去的过去，例如： by theend of last year, we had built 5 newschools.到去年年底为止，我们已经建造了5所学校。首先，过去的时间是去年年底;而句子表达的意思是在去年年底之前，所以我们用过去完成时——hadbuil d.和现在是更加没有联系了，所以这个答案也是不正确的。 题干中的时间状语是“for the last halfhour”，注意这个last不是指“最后的”，而是指“刚才的——在刚才的半个小时里”，那么往往呢句中出现last,或者是last halfhour、recent这种词的话，我们一般都会选择现在完成进行时，因为它指的是“刚才”，那么肯定指“从刚才到现在”。所以本题答案是d. 2. 名词性从句 the information could be helpful to ____will take over the job.
英语高考语法知识点总结大全 英语语法是针对英语语言进行研究后，英语语法系统地总结归纳出来的一系列语言规则。英语高考语法知识点有哪些?下面就是给大家带来的英语高考知识点，希望能帮助到大家! 英语高考知识点1 主语从句 主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。 1. It 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较。 It 作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调，无论强调的是什么成分，都可用连词that。被强调部分指人是也可用who/whom。 例如： It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film. It doesn’t interest me whether you succeed or not. It is in the morning that the murder took place. It is John that broke the window. 2. 用it 作形式主语的结构。 (1) It is +名词+从句
It is a fact that … 事实是… It is an honor that …非常荣幸 It is common knowledge that …是常识 (2) it is +形容词+从句 It is natural that… 很自然… It is strange that… 奇怪的是… (3) it is +不及物动词+从句 It seems that… 似乎… It happened that… 碰巧… (4) it +过去分词+从句 It is reported that… 据报道… It has been proved that… 已证实… 3. 主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况。 (1) if 引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首。 (2) It is said ，(reported) …结构中的主语从句不可提前。 例如： It is said that President Jingo will visit our school next week. (right) That President Jiang will visit our school next week is said. (wrong) (3) It happens…，It occurs… 结构中的主语从句不可提前。 例如： It occurred to him that he failed in the examination. (right)
高中英语语法填空练习（24篇） 阅读下面短文，根据上下文填入适当的词语，或使用括号中的词语的适当形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡上标号的相应位置。 （1） In the United States, there were 222 people 1.__________（report）to be billionaires（亿万富翁）in 2003. The 2.__________of these is Bill Gates, worth at least $ 41 billion, who made his money 3.__________starting the company Microsoft. Mr. Gates was only 21 years old 4.__________he first helped to set up the company in 1976. He was a billionaire 5. __________the time he was 6.__________, there are still some other people who have made lots of money at even 7.__________（young）ages. Other young people who have struck it rich include Jackie Coogan and Shirley Temple. 8.__________of these child actors made over a million dollars9.__________（act）in movies before they were 14. But10.__________ youngest billionaire is Albert von Thurn und Taxis of Germany, who, in 2001, inherited （继承）a billion dollars when he turned 18! （2） Finishing their shopping at the mall, a couple discovered that their new car 1.__________（steal）. They filed a report 2.__________the police station and a detective drove them 3.__________to the parking lot to look for evidence. To their 4.__________（amaze）, the car had been returned 5.__________there was a note in it that said: “I apologize for taking your ca r. My wife was having a baby and I had to rush her to the 6.__________. Please forget the inconvenience. There are two tickets 7.__________tonight's Mania Twain concert.” Their faith in humanity restored. The couple attended8.__________concert. But when they returned home, they immediately found. 9.__________their house had been ransacked （洗劫）. On the bathroom mirror was 10.__________note: “I have to put my kid through college somehow, don't I?” （3） People 1.__________（live）in different countries made different kinds of words. Today there are about fifteen hundred 2.__________in the world. Each contains many thousands of words. A very large dictionary,