2016中国矿业大学 学术翻译实践期末试卷答案

翻译学试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共10分）1. 翻译学研究的主要对象是什么？A. 语言B. 文化C. 社会D. 交际答案：A2. 下列哪项不是翻译学研究的主要内容？A. 翻译理论B. 翻译批评C. 翻译实践D. 翻译教育答案：D3. 翻译学作为一门独立的学科是在何时被正式承认的？A. 20世纪50年代B. 20世纪60年代C. 20世纪70年代D. 20世纪80年代答案：C4. 翻译学研究的目的是？A. 促进语言学习B. 提高翻译质量C. 促进文化交流D. 以上都是答案：D5. 下列哪位学者对翻译学的发展做出了重要贡献？A. 费道罗夫B. 尤金·奈达C. 弗洛伊德D. 爱因斯坦答案：B二、填空题（每题2分，共10分）1. 翻译学的研究方法主要包括_________、_________和_________。

答案：比较研究、实证研究、理论建构2. 翻译学的研究范围涉及语言学、文学、文化学、_________和_________等多个领域。

答案：社会学、交际学3. 翻译学的研究对象包括源语言文本、目标语言文本和_________。

答案：翻译过程4. 翻译学的研究目标是揭示翻译活动的_________、_________和_________。

答案：规律性、创造性、交际性5. 翻译学的研究任务是构建翻译理论体系、指导翻译实践和_________。

答案：培养翻译人才三、简答题（每题10分，共20分）1. 简述翻译学的主要研究方法及其特点。

答案：翻译学的主要研究方法包括比较研究、实证研究和理论建构。

比较研究侧重于不同语言或文化背景下的翻译现象进行对比分析；实证研究侧重于收集和分析翻译实践中的具体案例，以验证理论或提出新的理论假设；理论建构则是在前两者的基础上，构建系统的翻译理论体系。

2. 翻译学研究的现实意义是什么？答案：翻译学研究的现实意义在于促进不同语言和文化之间的交流与理解，提高翻译质量和效率，培养专业的翻译人才，以及推动翻译技术的发展。

《翻译理论与实践》期末考试试卷附答案B卷一、单词翻译（共10题，每题2分，共20分）1、neutral2、meter3、sodium hydroxide4、external5、in the absence of6、间歇的；断断续续的7、复杂的8、依靠；由于9、限于10、粗粒子二、句子翻译（共5题，每题4分，共20分）1、Acid-base indicators (also known as pH indicators) are substances which change color with pH.2、I am bored with the dull office work.3、It’s my pleasure to offer some help to you.4、从大连到沈阳的直达特快火车什么时候离开？5、在周末，我们可以去游泳或去钓鱼。

三、段落翻译（共3题，每题20分，共60分）1、In metals, thermal conduction results from the motion of free electrons, and there is close correspondence between thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity. In solids that are poor conductors of electricity and in most liquids, thermal conduction results from momentum transfer between adjacent vibrating molecules or atoms. In gases, conduction occurs by the random motion of molecules, so that heat is “diffused” from hotter regions to colder ones.2、黄河是亚洲第三、世界第六长的河流。

中国矿业大学英语实践4itest答案1、I don’t know how to improve my English. Can I ask you for some _______? [单选题] *A. answersB. advice(正确答案)C. questionsD. words2、On Easter children _______ eggs around the house. [单选题] *A. hunt for(正确答案)B. send forC. prepare forD. ask for3、The traffic jams often happen in _______ hours. [单选题] *A. lunchB. workC. leisureD. rush(正确答案)4、He does ______ in math.（）[单选题] *A. goodB. betterC. well(正确答案)D. best5、Could you tell me _____ to fly from Chicago to New York? [单选题] *A.it costs how muchB. how much does it costC. how much costs itD.how much it costs(正确答案)6、Tom’s mother will let him _______ traveling if he comes back?in five days. [单选题] *A. to goB. goesC. wentD. go(正确答案)7、—______some nice crayons. I think they are ______.（）[单选题] *A. Here is; Betty’sB. Here are; BettyC. Here is; BettyD. Here are; Betty’s(正确答案)8、( )He killed the enemy guard and made away _________the villagers. [单选题] *A. with the helpB. with helpC. with help ofD. with the help of(正确答案)9、-We’ve spent too much money recently–well,it isn’t surprising. Our friend and relatives_______around all the time [单选题] *ingB. had comeC. were comingD have been coming(正确答案)10、The Internet is an important means of（）[单选题] *A. conversationB. communication(正确答案)C. speechD. language11、--It is Sunday tomorrow, I have no idea what to do.--What about _______? [单选题] *A. play computer gamesB. go fishingC. climbing the mountain(正确答案)D. see a film12、He used to get up at six in the morning,（)? [单选题] *A. used heB. did heC. didnt he (正确答案)D. should he13、—Look at those purple gloves! Are they ______, Mary?—No, they aren’t. ______ are pink. （）[单选题] *A. you; IB. your; MyC. yours; Mine(正确答案)D. you; Me14、The children were all looking forward to giving the old people a happy day. [单选题]*A. 寻找B. 期盼(正确答案)C. 看望D. 继续15、While studying abroad, he financially depended（）his wife. [单选题] *A. on(正确答案)B. ofC. toD. from16、Sometimes Americans are said to be _____. [单选题] *A superficially friendB superficial friendC. superficial friendlyD. superficially friendly(正确答案)17、He made ______ for an old person on the bus. [单选题] *A. room(正确答案)B. roomsC. a roomD. some rooms18、—______ you speak French?—Yes, I can.（）[单选题] *A. NeedB. Can(正确答案)C. MightD. Must19、We should _______ a hotel before we travel. [单选题] *A. book(正确答案)B. liveC. stayD. have20、_____you may do, you must do it well. [单选题] *A.WhichB.WheneverC.Whatever(正确答案)D.When21、You should _______ your card. [单选题] *A. drawB. depositC. investD. insert(正确答案)22、This kind of banana tastes very _______. [单选题] *A. nice(正确答案)B. wellC. nicelyD. better23、27．My father is a professor and he works in__________ university. [单选题] * A．a (正确答案)B．anC．/D．the24、The storybook is very ______. I’m very ______ in reading it. （）[单选题] *A. interesting; interested(正确答案)B. interested; interestingC. interested; interestedD. interesting; interesting25、6．—How can we get to the school?—________ bus. [单选题] * A．ToB．OnC．By(正确答案)D．At26、The teacher asked him to practice playing the piano _______. [单选题] *A. often as possibleB. as often possibleC. as possible oftenD. as often as possible(正确答案)27、As soon as he _______, he _______ to his family. [单选题] *A. arrived, writesB. arrived, writtenC. arrived, wrote(正确答案)D. arrives, write28、21 In a few years' time, there ________ thousands of trees on the hill. [单选题] * A．will haveB．will be(正确答案)C．are haveD．have29、Tom is ____ honest man, so we all like to work with him. [单选题] *A. aB. an(正确答案)C. /D. any30、I took?some _______of the Great Wall?in China last year. [单选题] *A. potatoesB. tomatoesC. photos(正确答案)D. paintings。

翻译理论期末试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 翻译理论中，“直译”与“意译”的主要区别在于：A. 语言结构的转换B. 信息传递的方式C. 翻译者的角色定位D. 语言风格的选择答案：B2. 功能派翻译理论认为，翻译的主要目的是：A. 保持原文的文学价值B. 传递原文的信息内容C. 满足目标语言读者的需求D. 再现原文的文化背景答案：C3. 翻译中的“等效”概念最早由哪位学者提出？A. Eugene NidaB. J.C. CatfordC. Peter NewmarkD. James Holmes答案：A4. 翻译中“忠实性”原则主要强调的是：A. 忠实于原文的字面意义B. 忠实于原文的作者意图C. 忠实于目标语言的文化习惯D. 忠实于翻译者的个人理解答案：B5. 翻译中的“动态对等”理论是由哪位学者提出的？A. NidaB. CatfordC. NewmarkD. Holmes答案：A6. 翻译理论中的“交际翻译”与“语义翻译”的主要区别在于：A. 翻译的目的不同B. 翻译的方法不同C. 翻译的侧重点不同D. 翻译的受众不同答案：C7. 在翻译理论中，哪种翻译策略更注重原文的文化内涵？A. 直译B. 意译C. 归化D. 异化答案：D8. 翻译理论中的“文化适应性”原则主要强调：A. 翻译应忠实于原文的字面意义B. 翻译应忠实于原文的作者意图C. 翻译应适应目标语言的文化环境D. 翻译应保持原文的语言风格答案：C9. 翻译理论中的“交际功能”理论认为，翻译的主要目的是：A. 传递信息B. 传递文化C. 传递情感D. 传递知识答案：A10. 翻译中的“语义翻译”理论是由哪位学者提出的？A. NidaB. CatfordC. NewmarkD. Holmes答案：C二、填空题（每空1分，共10分）1. 翻译理论中的“直译”是指在翻译过程中，尽量保持原文的_______和_______。

答案：结构，词汇2. 翻译理论中的“意译”是指在翻译过程中，根据目标语言的_______和_______进行适当的调整。

英语原文：Introducing Translation Studies: Theories and applications ( Chapter 11) 韌铎碉宛槪咅：理施沁用()11.4 The future: co-operation or fragmentation?未来:合作或分裂？Translation studies is therefore already functioning, to borrow McCarty's term, at the interstices of existing fields and is developing a new inter-disciplinary character ・在现有领域中，翻译研究借助麦克凯帝的术语, 早就发挥了重要的作用。

现在，翻译研究朝着一个跨学科的新方向发展。

The question is how far this is a strength or a weakness for the field as a whole.问题是跨学科发展对于整个翻译研究领域是有利的还是有弊的呢？它的作业有多大？Each of its subject areas is competing for prime position, with perhaps the most evident split being that between linguists and cultural theorists (seeBaker 1997b: 277-80, Venuti 1998: 7-8).在跨学科翻译研究中，每个学科想获得最好的地位而相互竞争。

在语言学家和文化理论家之间的竞争最为激烈，这也导致语言学科和文化学科之间的分裂也更明显。

(见贝克1997b： 277-80, 韦努蒂1998： 7-8) oThe former dominated in the 1950s and 1960s, while in the last decade linguistic theories have been marginalized by scholars moving within, or adopting the practices of, other disciplines.在20世纪50年代和60年代的之间语言学科一直处于上风，但在过去的十年中，语言学理论一直被学术界的学者们所排斥，或是采用其他学科的做法。

2016中国矿业大学学术翻译实践期末试卷答案中国矿业大学2014-2015学年度第二学期硕士研究生《学术翻译实践》课程期末考试试卷姓名学号学院得分100分钟闭卷一、将下列句子翻译成英语，请在答题纸上作答。

（50分）1. 要提高能源利用效率，也就是要依靠能源、动力、石油化工及各行各业的可进进步来满足，而多相流问题（multiphase flow processes）与它们紧密相关并起着关键作用。

The raise of efficiency of utilizing energy depends on the scientific and technological progress in energy, power, petroleum and chemical industries, in which multiphase flow processes are closely related and play the key role.2.在受到认为控制的条件下，进行精确的观察，这是了解事物本质的第一步。

Accurate observation under controlled conditions is the first step in understanding nature. (动词转译为名词)3. 近代科学的发现得出这样的结论：物质可以产生能量，能量又可以产生物质。

（主被动语态转换）Modern scientific discoveries lead to the conclusion that energy may be created from matter and that matter in turn, may be created from energy.4. 随着大规模集成电路的出现，电子工业在20世纪60年代取得了巨大的进展。

The 1960s saw the great advance in electronics industry with the emergence of the large-scale integrated circuits. (谓语的确定)5. 由于他在设计上的革新，发动机变得小多了，工作得更平稳了，活动部件也少了。

大学生翻译考试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共10分）1. 翻译理论中的“dynamic equivalence”是由哪位翻译家提出的？A. NidaB. TouryC. SkoposD. Venuti答案：A2. 下列哪项不是翻译过程中需要考虑的因素？A. 语言风格B. 文化差异C. 个人偏好D. 目标语言的语法规则答案：C3. 在翻译中，“忠实”通常指的是对原文的什么忠实？A. 内容B. 形式C. 风格D. 所有以上答案：D4. “Foreignization”和“domestication”是翻译策略中的哪两个概念？A. 文化适应B. 语言转换C. 读者导向D. 作者导向答案：A5. 下列哪个不是翻译技巧？A. 直译B. 意译C. 机器翻译D. 归化答案：C二、填空题（每题2分，共10分）6. 翻译活动通常包括三个步骤：理解、_________、表达。

答案：转换7. 在翻译中，处理专有名词时，通常采用_________的策略。

答案：音译或保留原文8. 翻译的标准之一是“信、达、雅”，其中“雅”指的是译文的_________。

答案：文采或风格9. 翻译理论中的“功能主义”是由德国翻译学者_________提出的。

答案：Katharina Reiss10. 在翻译实践中，处理习语和谚语时，可以采用_________的方法。

答案：文化补偿三、简答题（每题10分，共20分）11. 简述翻译中的“直译”与“意译”的区别。

答案：直译是指尽可能忠实于原文的字面意思，逐字逐句地翻译，保持原文的结构和词汇。

意译则更注重传达原文的意图、情感和语境，允许译者在不改变原文意思的前提下，根据目标语言的习惯进行适当的调整和改写。

12. 描述翻译中的“归化”策略，并给出一个例子。

答案：归化是一种翻译策略，它将原文中的文化元素转换为目标语言文化中的对应元素，使译文更易于目标语言读者的理解和接受。

例如，将中文的“龙”翻译为英文的“dragon”时，可能需要解释其在中国文化中的吉祥含义，因为“dragon”在西方文化中通常带有负面含义。

翻译期末考试试卷和答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 翻译理论中，通常认为翻译是一种______。

A. 语言转换B. 文化交流C. 信息传递D. 艺术创作答案：A2. 在翻译过程中，译者需要关注原文的______。

A. 语法结构B. 词汇选择C. 语境意义D. 以上都是答案：D3. 直译和意译是翻译中的两种基本方法，其中直译更侧重于______。

A. 忠实原文B. 传达原文风格C. 传达原文信息D. 适应目标语言习惯答案：A4. 翻译中的“信、达、雅”是哪位翻译家提出的？A. 严复B. 林语堂C. 傅雷D. 鲁迅答案：A5. 在翻译中，如何处理文化差异是一个重要的问题。

以下哪项不是处理文化差异的方法？A. 归化B. 异化C. 直译D. 增译答案：C6. 翻译中，对于专业术语的处理应该遵循______。

A. 直译B. 意译C. 音译D. 以上都不是答案：D7. 翻译中的“等效”概念是由哪位学者提出的？A. 尤金·奈达B. 彼得·纽马克C. 奈特·巴斯内特D. 詹姆斯·霍姆斯答案：A8. 在翻译实践中，译者需要考虑目标读者的______。

A. 语言习惯B. 文化背景C. 阅读偏好D. 以上都是答案：D9. 翻译中的“忠实”原则主要是指忠实于______。

A. 原文作者B. 原文内容C. 原文形式D. 原文风格答案：B10. 翻译中的“流畅性”主要是指译文的______。

A. 语言自然B. 信息完整C. 风格一致D. 结构清晰答案：A二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）11. 翻译是一种跨文化的______活动。

答案：交际12. 翻译的三大标准是信、达、______。

答案：雅13. 翻译中的“直译”是指尽可能保持原文的______和结构。

答案：语言14. 翻译中的“意译”是指在传达原文______的基础上，对原文进行适当的调整。

答案：信息15. 翻译中的“增译”是指在不改变原文______的前提下，增加一些内容以使译文更加流畅。

Unit 14. Translation process A. Comprehension of words:句子译文（P4-5）（1）人生历程就是从生到死。

(2)女孩放好了桌子。

但lay table”的真正含义是指在餐桌上摆好吃饭用的餐具.(3)他认为我够朋友/他认为我可交。

(4)她哭得很伤心。

不能译“她把眼睛哭出来”。

如to laugh one's head off"笑掉大牙”，to burst/split one's side with laughter“笑破肚子”；“tears well up in one's eyes”译为“泪汪汪”．(5)我们找了他，但一无所获。

“to no purpose”和“for no purpose不同，后者是“没有目的”，前者则是“毫无结果”，“一天所获”。

(6)但是他的重大发明还在后头呢(7)你认为汤姆怎么样？他这个人一无可取。

(8)他那个人小气劲儿简直没法说。

可不是吗！/没错。

(9) 哎哟! 人生如草芥.(10) 哪里想到俺和这些高贵的德伯维尔一直是同宗共祖呐。

(11) 谁来都行，由我来对付。

/兵来将挡，谁来我都不怕。

(12) 我死也不干。

(13) 理论固然重要，实践更重要。

(14)学英语，光学语法是不行的。

(15)“exaggerate”一词可以引出较广的含义，不能照字面理解为“被夸张了”，而应译为“他大发雷霞，未免小题大做”。

(16) “我拜读过大作。

没有想到你这么年轻有为，(我原来以为你是一个老人呢)。

(17) 每次出差回来，这儿都叫我感到耳目一新，精神一爽。

(18)应根据对其深层意思的理解译为“可是这个家里是他妈妈说了算(或他妈妈当家)，他们说，他连他妈妈的一半也顶不上”(他那样的人，两个也比不过他妈妈)。

(19) 如果将主语译成“他和她”就显得不顺。

后半句如译成“他们各自与另一个人结婚了”则不够清楚。

全句宜译成：“他们再次相逢时，一个已经娶妻，一个也已经再嫁了”。

Unit 1and how to succeed in it.2. Others (books) are written by successful entrepreneurs who want to tell thevaluable resources in the world.4. Since those days we have learned far more about how the brain actuallyfull possession of our thinking processes?to our daily work and life.9. Both sides of our brain are meant to be used together, just as we use both10. Industrial designer Frank Nuovo recently described how he deliberatelyUnit 2theoretical English professors,but by practical,hard-headed scholars who have been searching for the secrets of success.2. That one of the easiest and quickest ways to get ahead is by consciously3. And that from then on it is necessary to have an intelligent plan if progress isnot have a large vocabulary merely because of the opportunities of position.7. A pianist may have the most beautiful tunes in his head, but if he had onlyout.more accurate will be your thinking.man from mediocrity to success.10. The new and higher position you have won will, in turn, give you a betterUnit 3of all the important factors in a problem and to attach to each its due weight. 2. This has become more difficult than it used to be owing to the extent andtechnicians.3. In such ways the pursuit of knowledge may become harmful unless it is combined with wisdom; and wisdom in the sense of comprehensive vision is4. It is by no means uncommon to find men whose knowledge is wide butfeelings become less personal and less concerned with his own physical states, he achieves growing wisdom.6. Can wisdom in this sense be taught? And, if it can, should the teaching of itaffirmative.7. But if you hate them, it is only too likely that you will become equally harmful;8. With every increase of knowledge and skill, wisdom becomes morepurposes, and therefore expends our capacity for evil, if our purposes are unwise.Unit 4capacity for moral choice.2. They become very excitable, they lose all sense of individual or collectivepanic.3. Reading is a private, not a collective activity. The writer speaks only to4. The orator speaks to masses of individuals, already well-primed withwhat he likes with them.in facts.regard over-simplification as the original sin of the mind and have no use of the slogans, the unqualified assertions and sweeping generations which are7. There are no grey in his picture of the world; everything is either diabolically8. Virtue and intelligence belong to human beings as individuals freely9. But the subhuman mindlessness to which the demagogue makes his appeal, the moral imbecility on which he relies when he goads his victim into action,women in masses.they are symptoms of herd-poisoning.Unit 51. All your actions, feelings, behavior - even your abilities - are always2. In short, you will” act like” the sort of person you conceive yourself to be. Notefforts or will power.3. The man who conceives himself to be a “failure type person “will find some way to fail, in spite of all his good intentions, or his will power, even if4. The person who conceives himself to be a victim of injustice, one “who was5. Because of this our experiences seem to verify, and thereby strengthen our6. For example, a schoolboy who sees himself as an “F” type student, or one7. Yet, as we shall see later, almost miraculous changes have occurred both in grades of students, and in the earning capacity of salesmen-when they were8. And, numerous experiments have shown that once the concept of self, areseem to be consistent with each other.Unit 6and from high school to college in a different state.keen awareness of the other person’s intellect, temperament and particular interests.4. Your political philosophy assumes more depth, a ppreciation of a playenjoyment of a sport is intensified.intellectual women.matter of feeling.7. Between French friends, who have chosen each other for congeniality of9. Meeting after a long interval, friends are like a couple who begin to dance10. English friends are formed outside the family circle, but they are not, as infrom the family.Unit 7who did not have smallpox.3. ,in effect,by reprogramming his computer,erased the old way of looking at4 The normal Western approach to a problem is to fight it. The saying, “Whenattitude toward problem-solving.6 Once you have solved a problem laterally, you wonder how you could ever7 Dr. A. Bridger, psychiatrist at Columbia University and in private practice inproblem,instead of attacking it head-on.upon the dangers involved and the difficulties, and concentrate instead upon the opportunity – for there is always opportunity in crisis.Unit 81. The well-born young Athenians who gathered around Socrates found it quiteseductive and so ugly.enchantments of beauty.only one of the two sexes.4. That one can call a man “beautiful” in French and in Italian suggests thatof Christianity –still retain some vestiges of the non-religious admiration for beauty.perceive that the way women are taught to be involved with beauty encourages excessive self-admiration or love.caring about how one looks.will do.9. To preen, for a woman, can never be just a pleasure. She is always under本文针对当前我国对外经济法规汉英翻译的一些实际问题，探讨了以翻译规律来规范对外经济法规汉英翻译的可能性，提出了基本规律和特殊规律。

翻译课期末考试题及答案一、词汇翻译（共20分，每题2分）1. 请将下列中文词汇翻译成英文：- 翻译：translation- 词典：dictionary- 语境：context- 直译：literal translation- 意译：free translation2. 请将下列英文词汇翻译成中文：- Interpreter：口译员- Connotation：内涵- Equivalence：等效- Idiom：成语- Collocation：搭配二、句子翻译（共30分，每题6分）1. 他不仅是一位杰出的科学家，还是一位伟大的思想家。

- He is not only an outstanding scientist but also a great thinker.2. 随着科技的发展，我们的生活变得越来越便利。

- With the development of technology, our lives are becoming more and more convenient.3. 我们应该尊重每个人的选择，无论他们的决定是什么。

- We should respect everyone's choices, no matter what their decisions are.4. 她的微笑如同阳光一般温暖人心。

- Her smile is as warm as the sunshine.5. 这个项目的成功关键在于团队成员之间的良好沟通。

- The key to the success of this project lies in the good communication among team members.三、段落翻译（共30分，每题10分）1. 翻译以下段落：在当今社会，信息技术的发展日新月异，它极大地改变了我们的生活方式。

人们可以通过网络获取信息，进行远程工作，甚至享受在线教育。

1.Sometimes it is interpersonal skills rather than professional skills that really counts in your career. Interpersonal skills are nothing but the ability to be good listener, to be sensitive toward others' needs, to take criticism well. People with skill in social relations admit their mistakes, and take their share of blame, which is a mature and responsible way to handle an error. That's why many mediocre employees survive violent corporate upheavals while people of great talent are beinglaid off. Sensitive in their dealings with others, they are well liked everywhere. People with poor interpersonal skills have trouble taking criticism. When confronted with a mistake, they let their ego get in the way. They deny responsibility and 16 became moody or angry. They mark themselves as "prickly".2. Honesty Rewarded Recently, some newspapers and magazines in the United States have focused on a moving story concerning an unemployed couple.Poverty-stricken and unable to pay the rents, the couple and their young son had to move out of the house they had lived so long and had been sheltered only by their own automobile for the past several weeks. One day on the road, they came across a wallet with 2500 dollars in it-- a sum of money the destitute family was in burning need of! The husband suggested, however, that the money be handed over to the police station immediately. And the wife agreed after a "wavering second", though.Soon the wallet was claimed by the loser, According to the conventional practice in the United States, the owner of the wallet should pay the couple 20% of the amount of the recovered money as remuneration. Regrettably, the wallet owner left the police station without giving a cent. The police thought it was unfair and therefore informed the press circle of the whole story about the couple and the wallet, which then became publicly known through newspaper and TV reports. Shortly afterwards, the police station was invaded with an avalanche of letters from all of the country, praising the honest couple. Some letters were stuffed with 100 or 200-dollar bank notes or checks, a gentleman, after making sure that the lost and found wallet had contained 2500 dollars, remitted the exact amount of money to the couple. The total amount of money the couple received in this fashion exceeded 6000 dollars. There is another person who volunteered to provide the couple with accommodation free of charge until they are financially capable. Moreover, about 200 companies have since kindly offered the couple job opportunities. All these had been least expected in the first place. When interviewed by a journalist, the wife, looking back on what they had experienced, burst into tears. "Honesty is the best policy" is what the saying goes in the United States. And what the couple have encountered helps prove, once again, that it is so.3.Shanghai, known as Paris of the Orient, has long since been famous for its girls—of all kinds. Xie Bingying wrote in the 1940s, “People say that S hanghai is like a young lady in a world of vanity; Hangzhou, a girl from a prestigious family; Suzhou, a pretty girl from a well-off family; while Chongqing is a middle-aged but still good-looking woman.” After she arrived in Taiwan, she wrote “In memory of Jeffery Street of Shanghai,” in which she described the street as a slim, lively, mysterious and graceful young woman. If I were to close my eyes, the images of Shanghai girls in my mind would be mostly modern, seductive, coquettish and heavily made up. I would not be able to relate them to such descriptions as “calm and aloof” and “kind-hearted and good-natured.” However, these girls are most likely the creation of literature and media, reflecting the modernmetropolitan life of Shanghai, for the sake of commercialism. Such images are often seen in calendars of the past as well as 17 the present.4.Honor to those who love the motherland, and shame on those who harm the motherland; Honor to those who serve the people, and shame on those who betray people;Honor to thosewho quest for science, and shame on those who refuse to be educated;Honor to those who are hardworking, and shame on those who indulge in comfort and hate work;Honor to those who help each other, and shame on those who seek gains at the expense of others;Honor to those who are trustworthy, and shame on those who trade integrity for profits;Honor to those who abide by law and discipline, and shame on those who break law and disciplineHonor to those who uphold plain living and hard struggle, and shame on those who wallow in extravagance and pleasures.5．Like students from other Asian countries and regions, most Chinese students who come to pursue further education in the United States work on their studies most diligently and assiduously. Even on weekends, they would frequently spend one day, or even two days, to work overtime in their laboratories. Therefore, compared with their American counterparts, they are more academically fruitful. My supervisor ( advisor / tutor) is of Asian origin who is addicted to alcohols and cigarettes, with a sharp (an irritable) temper. Nevertheless, he highly appreciates the industry and the solid foundational knowledge of Asian students and has a particularly keen insight into the psychology of Asian students. Hence, of all the students recruited by his laboratory, except for one German, the rest five were all from Asia. He even put a striking notice on the door of his lab, which read, "All the research assistants of this laboratory are required to work 7 days a week, from 10 AM to 12 PM. Nothing but work during the working hours." This supervisor is reputed on the entire campus for his severity and harshness. In the course of the 3 and half years that I stayed there, a total of 14 students were recruited into his laboratory and only 5 of them stayed on until they graduated with their Ph. D. degrees. In the summer of 1990, ignoring the remonstrations (admonishments / dissuasions) from others, I accepted my supervisor's sponsorship and embarked on the difficult journey of academic pursuit (undertaking further studies in the United States).6. The last twenty years has brought nearly half a million Chinese intellectuals into the Western world, especially into the United States. 2) It is said that Shanghai's musicians abroad could form a world-class symphony orchestra. 3) A similar story has been told in science, medicine and sports circles. 4) Chinese intellectuals emigrate because they believe they cannot bring their talent into full play in the homeland. 5) They often feel depressed and frustrated for a variety of reasons.6, 7) The situation was so grim that once we suffered an acute shortage of talent, as one batch of gifted people after another had gone abroad. 8, 9) It didn't change much until the early 1990 when the efforts was made by the government to upgrade the status of the intellectuals, both social and economic.7．A Tale Of Two FiguresTwo figures caught my attention while I did some reading: Within a year, eighty billion yuan (RMB) of public funds have been eaten up and during the past three years barely a little morethan a hundred million yuan have been collected as donations to the "Hope Project" which aims at bringing back to school millions of children deprived of education in China 18 because of poverty. TO enjoy food and drink on public funds is something both banned by the central government and criticized by the masses for a long time. However, there are still places that dare to by-pass the ban and make merry of feasting and wine. This kind of eating drama goes on even in some of China's poorest regions. I don't know whether, between courses, it ever occurred to those eating lavishly that what they had eaten up is not just some fine food, but, far more painfully,China's hope. "Hope Project" is an unprecedented project in China, to which our beloved Comrade Deng Xiao--ping has given his personal inscription and made a donation in the name of "a communist veteran". Numerous men and women of vision have also offered their assistance with money to those children who, though thin and weak, are eager to go to school. Unfortunately, the total sum of donated money during the past three years amounts to only one hundred million yuan, a far cry from the burning need.Eighty billion versus one hundred million -- what a contrast! It implies, among other things, that what should be banned has not been banned in reality, while what should be enhanced is largely ignored. The reason behind this ironical situation is nothing but the corruption tendency now rampant in some areas and government departments, which is eroding the healthy body of the nation as well as the nation's education endeavor, It is only too obvious that the "Hope Project" will be hardly hopeful unless the "eat-- on -- tile -- public-- funds" tendency and, for that matter, the corruption tendency is effectively checked.It must be noted, however, that eat-on-tile-public-funds never enjoys popular support. What a rewarding philanthropic act it would have been had the eighty billion yuan been saved for the "Hope Project" so as to enable the millions of education-deprived children to go back to the classrooms to read and write!8. “ Master of Space” is what Bill Gates is referred to By Time magazin e. The space Gates rules is in fact the so-called cyberspace. Gates and the Microsoft Corp. he is leading started their venture by inventing DOS (disk of operation system) and now, with a new and sophisticated windows system which 8 out of 10 computers in the world are operating on, Microsoft boasts the lion's share in the world software market. Gates's wealth, as a result, has now exceeded 10 billion US dollars, making him arguably the No.1 rich man of the United States.The great achievements by Gates and the Microsoft under him are little short of legend in the information industry. Perhaps we are too familiar with the story of how Gates stopped his academic study before he began his software pioneering efforts. But one thing that has not been known to all is that Gates is as much a genius as he is a workaholic. He has personally acknowledged that he had hardly had a day off before he was thirty years old. For fear of missing appointments with his clients, it is said, he often stayed in the company 24 hours a day. Not until he reached 31 when Microsoft was listed on stock did Gates have a few days off in the true sense of the word.Of the magnates that are world renown, Gates turns out to be the least fastidious. Young and rich as he is, he leads a life typical of man--in--the--street. It is true that he does spend 40 million dollars to build a luxurious residence with a multimedia screen wall in it and a basement spacious enough to park 20 cars. This however is quite a recent affair.Since Gates' dream is a "computer for every family and on every office desk", Microsoft's goal is to make the personal computer easy to master and convenient to use, enabling every oneto eventually embark on the information superhighway a wonderful digital space.Gates was selected as last year's "Man of The World" by The Financial Times in Britain, which also described him as the "architect" of the next industrial revolution. What Gates has done will, in all probability, have a positive impact on the combination of computer technology, the communications technology and the entertainment technology so as to reshapethe life style of mankind as it is today. 199. Dear Students of the Graduating Class, As you are leaving your alma mater, I have nothing to offer you as a gift except a word of advice.My advice is, "Never give up the pursuit of learning." You have perhaps finished your college courses mostly for obtaining the diploma, or, in other words, out of sheer necessity. However, from now on you are free to follow your own bent in the choice of studies. While you are in the prime of life, why not devote yourselves to a special field of study? Youth will soon be gone never to return. And it will be too late for you to go into scholarship when in your declining years. Knowledge will do yoga good turn even as a means of subsistence. If you give up studies while holding a job, you will in a couple of years have had yourselves replaced by younger people. It will then be too late to remedy the situation by picking up studies again.Some people say, "Once you have a job, you' 11 come up against the urgent problem of making a living. How can you manage to find time to study? Even if you want to, will it be possible with no library or laboratory available?''Now let me tell you this. Those who refuse to study for lack of a library will most probably continue to do so even though there is a library. And those who refuse to do research for lack of a laboratory will most probably continue to do so even though a laboratory is available.As long as you set your mind on studies, you will naturally cut down on food and clothing to buy books or do everything possible to acquire necessary instruments.Time is no object. Charles Darwin could only work one hour a day due to ill health. Yet what a remarkable man he was! If you spend one hour a day reading 10 pages of a book, you can finish more than 3 600 pages a year, and 110 000 pages in 30 years.Dear students, 110 000 pages will be quite enough to make a learned man of you. It will take you one hour to read three tabloids a day, and one and half hours to finish four rounds of mahjong a day. Reading tabloids, playing mahjong or striving to be a learned man, the choice lies with you. Henrik Ibsen says, "It is your supreme duty to cast yourself into a useful implement." Learning is the casting mould. Forsake learning, and you will ruin yourself. Farewell ! Your alma mater is watching eagerly to see what will become of you ten years from now.10. Behind our house there lay half a mu of vacant land. Mother said, "It's a pity to let it lie waste. Since you all like to eat peanuts so very much, why not plant some here?" That exhilarated us children and our servant girls as well, and soon we started buying seeds, ploughing the land and watering the plants. We gathered in a good harvest just after a couple of months!Mother said, "How about giving a party this evening to celebrate the harvest and inviting your Daddy to have a taste of our newly-harvested peanuts?" We all agreed. Mother made quite a few varieties of goodies out of the peanuts, and told us that the party would be held in the thatched pavilion on the peanut plot. It looked like rain that evening, yet, to our great joy, father came nevertheless. "Do you like peanuts?" asked father."Yes, we do!" we vied in giving the answer."Which of you could name the good things in peanuts?""Peanuts taste good, "said my elder sister."Peanuts produce edible oil, "said my elder brother."Peanuts are so cheap, "said I, "that anyone can afford to eat them. Peanuts are everyone's favorite. That's why we call peanuts good." 2011. It is my great honor to declare the commencement of Beijing International Conference on Intellectual Property Rights. On behalf of the Chinese Government and people, and in my own name, I would like to extend my warm welcome to all the delegates and guests. I would also like to express my congratulations on the successful opening of the conference in Beijing. I wish to thank all the members of the organizing committee for their hard work, which hasmade this conferencepossible.The violation of intellectual property rights has become a serious problem facing the world today. Every year, for example, the computer software industry throughout the world suffers a heavy financial loss from worldwide reckless piracy, a loss which consequently compels the programmers and the manufacturers of the published software to raise the retail prices, thus shifting part of their loss to honest users. The protection of intellectual property rights has become a growing concern among all the nations of the international community. The participating countries at this conference have expressed their hope for joint efforts to fight the violation of the copyrighted property and stop the wicked spread of piracy. I am convinced that this conference will reach an agreement on the protection of intellectual property rights. I wish the conference a complete success!12.In taking a new road to industrialization, we must give play to the important role of science and technology as the primary productive force and pay close attention to improving the quality and efficiency of economic growth by relying on scientific and technological progress and raising the qualities of labor force. We must strengthen basic research and research in high technology, promote key technological innovation and systems integration so that technology will develop by leaps and bounds. We must encourage scientific and technological innovation and acquire key technology and independent intellectual property rights in key areas and a number of domains in frontier science and technology. We must deepen the reform of the administration systems of science, technology and education, strengthen the integration of science, technology and education with the economy, improve the service system for the development of science and technology and quicken the pace of translating research achievements into practical productive forces. We must press ahead with the building of national innovation system. We must give play to the role of venture capital and develop a mechanism of capital operation and human capital pooling for promoting scientific and technological innovationand start-ups. We must improve the system of intellectual property rights protection. We must give top priority to sustainable development, adhere to the basic state policies of family planning and environmental and resources protection, keep the birthrate low and rationally develop and economically utilize all kinds of natural resources. We must lose no time in solving the problem of water shortage in some areas and build the south-to–north water diversion project. We should promote marine development and do well in the comprehensive improvement of land and resources. It is necessary to help the whole nation see the importance of environmental protection and do a good job of ecological conservation and improvement.。

浙江广播电视大学英语专业(开放本科)《翻译理论与‎实践》期末复习题型：一、选择题（每小题2分‎，共20分）二、翻译句子。

（每小题3分‎，共30分）三、篇章翻译（每小题40‎分，共40分）四、案例分析题‎（每小题10‎分，共10分）一、选择题（每小题2分‎，共20分）1.美国语言学‎家罗曼.雅各布森把‎翻译分成_‎_____‎____。

A. 语内翻译B. 语际翻译C. 符际翻译D. 以上选项都‎正确2. 下面哪个选‎项是错误的‎？_____‎____。

A. dry goods‎：纺织品B．white‎ goods‎：白色的货物‎C．white‎ wine：白葡萄酒D．toile‎t water‎：花露水3.‎“This is a speci‎a l offer‎ and is not subje‎c t to our usual‎ disco‎u nts”‎请问下面哪‎个译文最合‎适？_____‎___。

A. 这是特殊报‎盘，不以我方通‎常折扣为条‎件。

B. 这是特惠报‎盘，我方通常折‎扣不适应于‎此盘。

C. 此系特惠报‎盘，不另加我方‎通常折扣。

D. 这是特殊报‎盘，不局限于我‎们通常折扣‎。

4．下面哪句话‎的描述是错‎误的？_____‎___。

A．美国著名翻‎译理论家奈‎达提出了“动态对等”原则。

B．“动态对等”原则是指，运用交际理‎论和信息论‎的原理，将焦点从传‎统的译文与‎原文两个文‎本的比较转‎移到两个过‎程的比较，使人们注意‎到影响信息‎接收的各种‎语言和文化‎因素。

C．奈达曾将“动态对等”的提法改成‎了“功能对等”原则。

D．翻译求的是‎“形式对等”，而非”动态对等”。

5． _____‎____提‎出了“美化之艺术‎，创优似竞赛‎”的翻译理念‎。

A．尤金.奈达B．泰特勒C．许渊冲D．鲁迅6. 下面哪个配‎对是错误的‎？_____‎。

A．赤脚医生：baref‎o ot docto‎r B．纸老虎：paper‎ tiger‎C．to show one’s cards‎：摊牌D．大海捞针：look for a needl‎e in seaD B C D C D7.哪句话的描‎述是正确的‎？_____‎_。

翻译专业考试题目和答案****一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 在翻译中，以下哪个选项不是直译的特点？A. 保持原文的字面意思B. 保持原文的修辞效果C. 保持原文的文化内涵D. 忽略原文的文化内涵答案：D2. 翻译中的“信、达、雅”是由哪位翻译家提出的？A. 严复B. 林语堂C. 傅雷D. 钱钟书答案：A3. 以下哪个术语不是翻译理论中的术语？A. EquivalenceB. TranslatabilityC. FidelityD. Hermeneutics答案：D4. 在翻译实践中，哪种类型的文本通常需要更多的创造性？A. 法律文件B. 技术手册C. 文学作品D. 新闻报道答案：C5. 翻译中的“忠实性”原则主要指的是什么？A. 忠实于原文的内容B. 忠实于原文的风格C. 忠实于原文的文化背景D. 所有以上选项答案：D6. 以下哪个选项不是翻译过程中可能遇到的问题？A. 语言差异B. 文化差异C. 个人偏好D. 语法规则的一致性答案：D7. 在翻译中，如何处理专业术语？A. 直接使用源语言的术语B. 查找对应的目标语言术语C. 创造新的术语D. 忽略专业术语答案：B8. 翻译中的“动态对等”是由哪位学者提出的？A. NidaB. CatfordC. Nida & TaberD. Venuti & Lawrence答案：C9. 以下哪个选项不是翻译质量评估的标准？A. 准确性B. 流畅性C. 创造性D. 速度答案：D10. 翻译中的“文化适应性”主要指的是什么？A. 使译文适应目标语言的文化B. 使译文适应源语言的文化C. 保持源语言和目标语言文化的平衡D. 忽略文化差异答案：A二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1. 翻译是一种跨文化交际活动，它涉及到两种不同语言和文化的________。

2. 在翻译中，________是指翻译者在翻译过程中对原文的理解。

答案：理解3. 翻译的________原则要求翻译者在忠实原文的基础上，使译文在目标语言中自然流畅。

翻译概论期末考试和答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 翻译活动最早出现于哪个时期？A. 古代文明时期B. 古希腊罗马时期C. 古埃及时期D. 中世纪答案：B2. 翻译理论的系统化研究始于哪个世纪？A. 17世纪B. 18世纪C. 19世纪D. 20世纪答案：D3. 翻译的三大基本要素是什么？A. 源语、目标语、翻译者B. 源语、目标语、文化C. 源语、目标语、信息D. 源语、目标语、语境答案：A4. 翻译过程中，哪种类型的翻译是最为困难的？A. 直译B. 意译C. 机器翻译D. 人工翻译答案：B5. 翻译中的“信、达、雅”是由哪位学者提出的？A. 严复B. 林语堂C. 鲁迅D. 傅雷答案：A6. 翻译的等效理论是由哪位学者提出的？A. 奈达B. 纽马克C. 费道罗夫D. 雅各布森答案：A7. 翻译中的“交际翻译”和“语义翻译”是由哪位学者区分的？A. 奈达B. 纽马克C. 费道罗夫D. 雅各布森答案：B8. 翻译中的“忠实性”原则是由哪位学者提出的？A. 严复B. 林语堂C. 鲁迅D. 傅雷答案：A9. 翻译中的“动态对等”和“形式对等”是由哪位学者提出的？A. 奈达B. 纽马克C. 费道罗夫D. 雅各布森答案：A10. 翻译中的“交际翻译”和“语义翻译”是由哪位学者提出的？A. 奈达B. 纽马克C. 费道罗夫D. 雅各布森答案：B二、填空题（每题2分，共20分）1. 翻译是一种跨文化______活动。

答案：交际2. 翻译的三个基本步骤是理解、转换和______。

答案：表达3. 翻译的忠实性原则要求翻译者在翻译过程中保持对原文的______。

答案：忠实4. 翻译的通顺性原则要求翻译者在翻译过程中保持译文的______。

答案：通顺5. 翻译的优雅性原则要求翻译者在翻译过程中保持译文的______。

答案：优雅6. 翻译中的直译是指在翻译过程中尽可能保持原文的______和结构。

答案：形式7. 翻译中的意译是指在翻译过程中根据目标语的语言习惯和文化背景对原文进行______。

浙江广播电视大学英语专业(开放本科)《翻译理论与实践》期末复习题型：一、选择题（每小题2分，共20分）二、翻译句子。

（每小题3分，共30分）三、篇章翻译（每小题40分，共40分）四、案例分析题（每小题10分，共10分）一、选择题（每小题2分，共20分）1.美国语言学家罗曼.雅各布森把翻译分成__________。

A. 语内翻译B. 语际翻译C. 符际翻译D. 以上选项都正确2. 下面哪个选项是错误的？_________。

A. dry goods：纺织品B．white goods：白色的货物C．white wine：白葡萄酒D．toilet water：花露水3. “This is a special offer and is not subject to our usual discounts” 请问下面哪个译文最合适？________。

A. 这是特殊报盘，不以我方通常折扣为条件。

B. 这是特惠报盘，我方通常折扣不适应于此盘。

C. 此系特惠报盘，不另加我方通常折扣。

D. 这是特殊报盘，不局限于我们通常折扣。

4．下面哪句话的描述是错误的？________。

A．美国著名翻译理论家奈达提出了“动态对等”原则。

B．“动态对等”原则是指，运用交际理论和信息论的原理，将焦点从传统的译文与原文两个文本的比较转移到两个过程的比较，使人们注意到影响信息接收的各种语言和文化因素。

C．奈达曾将“动态对等”的提法改成了“功能对等”原则。

D．翻译求的是“形式对等”，而非”动态对等”。

5．_________提出了“美化之艺术，创优似竞赛”的翻译理念。

A．尤金.奈达B．泰特勒C．许渊冲D．鲁迅6. 下面哪个配对是错误的？_____。

A．赤脚医生：barefoot doctor B．纸老虎：paper tigerC．to show one’s cards：摊牌D．大海捞针：look for a needle in seaD B C D C D7.哪句话的描述是正确的？______。

翻译理论期末考试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 翻译理论中，"忠实度"是指翻译作品与原文的一致性，它包括以下哪几个方面？A. 文字的一致性B. 思想内容的一致性C. 文化背景的一致性D. 所有选项2. 下列哪个翻译理论家提出了"功能主义翻译理论"？A. 奈达B. 诺德C. 贝克D. 施莱尔马赫3. 翻译中的"动态等效"理论是由哪位学者提出的？A. 尤金·奈达B. 彼得·纽马克C. 弗朗茨·科恩D. 约翰·卡特福德4. 翻译中"目的论"的核心观点是什么？A. 翻译应忠实于原文B. 翻译应考虑目标语言文化C. 翻译应满足目标语言读者的需求D. 翻译应保持原文风格5. 翻译中的"文化适应性"是指：A. 翻译时保留原文中的文化元素B. 翻译时消除原文中的文化元素C. 翻译时适应目标语言文化D. 翻译时创造新的文化元素6. 翻译中的"交际翻译"理论由哪位学者提出？A. 尤金·奈达B. 彼得·纽马克C. 弗朗茨·科恩D. 约翰·卡特福德7. 翻译中的"交际功能"是指：A. 翻译作品的文学价值B. 翻译作品的信息传递C. 翻译作品的娱乐功能D. 翻译作品的教育功能8. 翻译中的"语义等效"与"交际等效"的区别在于：A. 前者侧重于词汇层面，后者侧重于交际层面B. 前者侧重于语法层面，后者侧重于交际层面C. 前者侧重于结构层面，后者侧重于交际层面D. 前者侧重于形式层面，后者侧重于内容层面9. 翻译中的"文化适应性"与"文化忠诚度"之间的关系是：A. 完全对立B. 相互独立C. 相互依赖D. 相互补充10. 下列哪项不是翻译中的"交际翻译"理论的特点？A. 强调翻译的交际功能B. 强调原文的忠实度C. 强调目标语言读者的需求D. 强调翻译策略的灵活性二、简答题（每题10分，共30分）1. 简述尤金·奈达的"动态等效"理论的主要内容。