英语学科中考专项复习
宾语从句和定语从句教学设计
一：教学内容：
宾语从句的定义和结构、引导词、语序和时态
定语从句的关系代词 that, which, who ,whom,whose
二：学情分析：
九年级学生的英语水平参差不齐，成绩好的学生能够很好的掌握各个知识点，成绩中等的学生对于有些知识点可能是模糊不清，成绩不好的学生对英语可能完全是一窍不通。此次宾语从句和定语从句的专项复习，很多学生对两种从句认识不清，对他们应遵守的语法规则认识模糊，直接影响学生的理解句子的能力，尽管宾语从句和定语从句的考核只有两分，但它们涉及的面是广泛的。因此，我对这两种从句进行了详细的分析并通过历年各市的中考题来加深学生的印象。
三、教学目标
知识与技能：复习宾语从句的定义和结构、引导词、语序，掌握时态的变化以及定语从句的定义、结构和关系代词。
过程与方法：通过课堂活动，熟悉话题进行简单的交流，从历年中考题目中找出有关的信息，理解题意，并能简单归纳知识点。
情感态度价值观：通过课堂探究培养学生积极思考，踊跃发言的能力，增强他们解决问题的决心，提高学习英语的兴趣。
四、教学重点、难点：
重点：宾语从句的语序；定语从句的关系代词：that，which，who，whom，whose的使用。
难点：宾语从句中，主句与从句在时态上的相互呼应；定语从句中关系代词的使用
五、教具：
PPT课件、资料
六、教学过程：
Step1、进行中考考情考点分析
分析：岳阳中考题型
2016,2018年考的特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句，2017，2019年考的是定语从句.2019年湖南省有5个市考了定语从句，6个市考了宾语从句，而且都是由特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句。所考题型都以单项选择题为主。
Step2、板书一些宾语从句和定语从句，让学生分析它们的相同之处以及不同之处，然后老师进行总结。
I heard (that ) he got into a good high school last year.
I like music that sounds good.
This is the most interesting book (that) I have ever read. Could you tell me who he talked to just now?
Tom prefers the singers who write their own songs.
Do you know which city he has been to?
She has many beautiful skirts which were given by her friends.宾语从句和定语从句的相同之处：
都能用that, who,whom,whose,which,why,when where连接句子。关系代词：what, who, whom, whose,which
关系副词：how, why, when , where
宾语从句和定语从句的区别：
1，通过从句的位置: 定语从句的位置在名词或者代词的后面（先行词一般是由名词或者代词充当的）。宾语从句的位置一般在动词或者介词短语之后，因为宾语一般都在动词或者介词短语之后。
2，通过引导词：定语从句的关系代词只有that ,who, which, whom,whose 关系副词也只有when ,where, why，所以如果有的句子是if ,what whether, how 等词引导的，肯定不是定语从句。宾语从句的特殊疑问词有意义，需要翻译出来，定语从句的引导词不翻译，没有实际意义。
3,通过从句的成分：都是that引导的从句，宾语从句中that不作任何成分，定语从句中that可以作主语和宾语。
Step3、系统讲解宾语从句的句子结构，引导词，语序以及时态。
Step4、教师逐一讲解：宾语从句的引导词以及时态
A、由that 引导的宾语从句，连词that只起连接作用，在从句中不做句子的成分，也无词汇意义，通常可省略
B、由连词if、whether 引导的表示“是否…”的宾语从句。whether, if 在从句中不做句子的成分，一般情况下，whether和if 可以替换。
注意事项：在以下情况中只能用whether不能用if
老师出示例句，学生总结。
例：I don’t know whether he will come or not.
1）与or not 连用只能用whether
例：I don’t care of whether he is handsome
2) 介词后只能用whether
例：He wondered whether to stay here the next week.
3) 与to do 不定式连用只能用whether
例：whether he will come is not decided.
4) 作主语只能用whether
C 当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时引导词是特殊疑问词
Do you know who they are waiting for?
Do you know when we will have a meeting?
Please tell me where she is?
Can you tell me how I can get to the station?
Could you tell me why the train is late?
注意：特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句用陈述句语序（先主后谓）。
Step5、教师讲解宾语从句的时态
Xiao Ming wants to know what time you got up this morning. We asked what Lucy was doing at that time.
Lisa asked whether light travels faster than sound.
总结：主句一般现在时，从句时态不限制。主句一般过去时，从句时态都过去。客观真理（一般）现在时。
注意：否定转移问题当主句的主语为第一人称，谓语动词是think, believe, suppose等时，要将宾语从句的否定词转移到主句中，即主句的谓语动词用否定式，而宾语从句的谓语动词用肯定式。
如:I don't think he will come with you.
我认为他将不会和你一起来
Step6,学生活动：小试牛刀，体验中考（小组竞赛模式）
1，Do you know____?(2016岳阳)
A.when No-Car Day is
B. when is No-Car Day
C. what time is No-Car Day
2，---Excuse me, do you know________?
---It closes at 9:00 p.m.(2018岳阳)
A when does the bookstore close today
B.When the bookstore closes today
C.When will the bookstore close today
3，---Can you tell me _______on Father’s Day?(2019湘潭) ---Guess what? Well... I wrote a poem for my dad.
A.when did you shop
B. where you go
C. what you did
D. what you do 4，—Do you know__________ yesterday?
—Yes. He went for the boat race. (2018广东)
A. why didn’t Peter go to school
B. why doesn’t Peter go to school
C. why Peter didn’t go to school
D. why Peter doesn’t go to school
5，—Excuse me, I wonder__________.
—Yes, it’s near t he bookstore. (2019德州)
A. where we will go for the holiday
B. if there is a lost and found office
C. when she will give me a call
D. how we can go to Hong Kong
Step7、教师讲解定语从句的结构以及关系词的用法。
This is the solider（who saved his life）定语从句.
先行词连接词
注意：只用that不用which九字真言：多少（数量）不（不定代词）一（唯一）恰（恰好）人物（人和物）最（最高级）序（序数词）。
Step8、学生活动：熟能生巧，体验中考(小组竞赛模式)
1，We should look up to those scientists_____sent Tianzhou-1Cargo Spaceship(天舟一号货运飞船) to space.(2017岳阳)
A.which
B. who
C. what
2，China is getting better at making hi-tech products____can be bought in all parts of the world.(2019长沙)
A.who
B. which
C. what
3，--- Tomorrow is Fat her’s Day. What’s your surprise for your father?
----The first thing ____I will do is to make a card for him.(2019黄冈)
A.who
B. which
C. whose
D.that
4，I will never forget the story_____.(2019岳阳)
A.that cheers me up
B. who cheers me up
C. what cheers me up
5,This is a heartwarming story about a boy____saved his
moth er’s life. (2019十堰)
A. which
B. who
C. whose
D. whom
Step9、课堂小结
宾语从句三要素：1.引导词2.语序3.时态的变化
定语从句关系词：that, which, who, whom, whose
Step10、感悟中考，中考模拟演练。
1,We have decided to sell five things____we no longer use.(2019株洲)
A.that
B. where
C. who
2，The man ___ is talking to my math teacher is my father.(2018邵阳)
A.Who
B. which C what
3，-- Tomorrow is Father’s Day. What’s your surprise for your father?
--The first thing ____I will do is to make a card for him.(2019黄冈) A.who B. where C. whose D. that
4, ---Hi, Shirly. Could you tell me____?(2019湘西)
---At 11:30 tomorrow morning.
A.When will you arrive
B. when you will arrive
C. where you will arrive
5，----Did you notice ____in her office?
-----Yes. She was going over our writing.(2019北京)
A, what was Miss Lin doing B,what Miss Lin was doing
C, what does Miss Lin do D,what Miss Lin do
板书：中考专项复习——宾语从句和定语从句
作主语作宾语（可省略）作定语指人who/that who/whom/that whose
指物which/that which/that whose
教学反思：本节课通过知识点的讲解让学生充分了解宾语从句和定语从句的相似之处，不同之处，掌握宾语从句和定语从句的知识点与考点，然后
再通过做历年中考题让学生把知识点学以致用。
定语从句教学设计 赵红 教学目标：1. 学生能掌握关系代词的正确使用。 2.学生能正确掌握理解整个句子的意思。 教学重点：定语从句中关系代词who ,that, which 的正确使用。 教学难点：学生能正确掌握并运用定语从句 学情分析：学生以前学过的宾语从句和状语从句，在此基础上学习定语从句能容易些。 教学过程： Step1.Lead—in 定语：形容词修饰名词，限定名词的范围，做定语 ↓I have a cute boy. 从句：1.整个句子充当每个句子的成分 ↓I think you are right. 2.公式：连+主+谓 定语从句是本质：整个句子去充当另一个句子的成分，相当于一个形容词，去修饰主句中的名词，作定语 I have a son who loves me very much. Step 2 1.定语从句：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句 Mary is a beautiful girl. Mary is a girl who has long hair. 2.Mary is a girl who has long hair. ↓↓↓ 先行词关系词定语从句 ↓↓ 关系代词关系副词 Who,whom,that,which where,when,why 关系词的作用：1.连接主从句 2.指代先行词 3.在从句中作成分 关系代词的实质：Join the two sentences: A plane is a machine. The machine can fly. A plane is a machine. The machine can fly. ↓that \which A plane is a machine that\which can fly. 3.关系代词的用法： （1）who 指人，作主语或宾语（做宾语可省略） The man (who) I talked with is our teacher. (2)whom 指人，作宾语（可省略） The man(whom) I nodded to is Mr Li. (3)which 指物，作主语或宾语（作主语可省略） There are trees which were planted last year. (4)that 指人，物作主语或宾语（作宾语课省略）
语法 29时间状语从句 一、什么是状语从句 状语就是在一句话中表示该句子的时间、地点、方式、原因、条件等成分。状语从句就是用一个从 句表示状语。状语从句根据它表达的意思不同，可分为时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等九类。 与状语一样，状语从句的位置比较灵活。既可置于主句之前（通常用逗号与主句隔开），也课置于主句之后（不需要用逗号与主句隔开），有时甚至可以置于主句之中。 二、时间状语从句 1. 主句和从句同时发生，这类从句由从属连词when, while, as引导。 He was hungry when he came home. I was crying while everyone was laughing. As I walked out, he walked in. as, when, while, 的区别 ① as强调从句的动作与主句动作同时发生及持续，具有at the same time的意思 他继续往下谈的时候，越来越兴奋。 as还可以表示一边??一边??，强调从句和主句中两个动作交替进行或同步进行。 他们边走边聊。 as还有“ 随着”的含义 随着春天的到来，天气暖和起来。 ② when 强调动作点的特定时间，具有at the time that 的意思 当老师走进来的时候，我们都站起来了。 ③ while 表示较长的期间，具有during the time that 的意思 当我在这的时候，我很安全。 2.主句发生在从句之前，这类从句由从属连词before, until 引导 ,before 意为“ 在---之前” until 在肯定句中意为“直到 --- 为止”，在否定句中意为“直到 --- 才”。从句既可置于主句前，也可置 于主句之后。 回家之前我必须干完所有的活。
Teaching Plan Grammar ：Attributive Clauses ⅠTeaching goals: 1. Students are able to choose proper relative pronouns or adverbs for attributive clauses. 2. Students are able to apply attributive clauses to describing and writing. ⅡTeaching important and difficult points: Enable students to learn how to use attributive clauses and relatives ⅢTeaching methods: Student-centered method ⅣTeaching procedures and ways Step 1 Leading in 1.Show students a song “Seasons in the Sun” including an attributive clause 2.Translate the following three sentences into Chinese. 翻译下边三个句子 ①Hewho does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man. ②He who does not visit Hainan is not a wise man. ③不努力学习的学生并非一个好学生。 Step 2 Find out antecedents. 找出先行词 1. April Fool’s Day is the day wh en people play jokes on friends. ________ 2. It is now a children’s festival, when they can dress up and ask for sweets. ________ 3. The most energetic and important festivals are the ones that look forward to the end of winter and to the coming of spring. ________ 4. India has a national festival to honor Mohandas Gandhi, the leader who helped gain India’sindependence. Step 3 Grammar 1.Fill in the blanks with the proper relatives.用适当的关系词填空 (1)①This is the Array supermarket is near our school. ②This is the supermarketwe often do some shopping. (2) ①We can’t accept the reasonhe gave yesterday. ②We can’t accept the reasonhe was late again. (3) ①April Fool’s Day is the daypeople celebrate on April 1st . ②April Fool’s Day is the day people play jokes on friends.
课题：The Revise of the Object Clause Teaching plan Teacher : Teaching time: March 13th, 2015 Teaching place：Chihe Middle School Class1, Grade9 Teaching contents: Object clause Teaching type: Grammar I. Teaching Aims A. Aims of Knowledge By the end of the lesson, Ss will have a better understanding of the object clause. Then Ss will grasp the usage of 3 introductory words: that、if、whether，the tense and word order, etc. B. Aims of Ability Enable students to identify what is the object clause and learn to use different kinds of introductory words C. Aims of Emotion Develop students’ interest of learning grammar. II. Teaching important points Explain the three important aspects of the objective clause: the introductory words, tense and sentence order. Besides, explain the usage of 3 introductory words：that, if, whether.. III.Teaching difficult points How to choose the introductory words correctly and appropriately in the objective clause IV. Teaching methods Combine the inductive method with the deductive method. V. Teaching aids textbook, multimedia and chalks VI. Teaching procedures Step 1 Warm up
定语从句优秀教案设计 所谓定语从句,就是在复合句中起定语作用以修饰主句中的名词或代词的从句。分享了定语从句的教案设计给大家参考！ 1．初步掌握及运用定语从句，如让学生用定语从句来完成对人物喜欢的人物进行描述，如I like music that I can dance to. She is the only one who’s studying French.等。 2．本课的学习任务就是能初步掌握及运用定语从句，为了使学生顺利地完成教学任务，教师以学生为主体，为学生设计了几个以他们的认知水平出发的符合生活实际的他们感兴趣的一环扣一环的子任务，每个子任务紧紧围绕总任务展开，再深入，在一个一个完成任务的活动中培养学生的能力。 语言目标：能用定语从句较自如地描述及谈论人和物。在活动中训练学生的听力，口头表达能力，培养学生的观察，想象和创造力。 情感目标：促进同学间积极合作交流，发展同学间的友谊。 2．教学方法：多媒体的运用能创设真实的语言情景，学生也很感兴趣，极大地鼓动了学生学习英语的积极性，而且呈现在课堂上能使教学更生活化，也更直观和具体。
以学生为主体，用多媒体辅助教学，通过帮助学生理解、归纳、总结、讨论等方式学习定语从句，由于本节课是学生第一次系统学习定语从句，要达到让学生初步掌握定语从句这一目的。 优点：本节课教学目标明确，条理清楚，板书设计合理，教学内容紧扣学生生活实际，学生在教师的引导下自主学习、合作学习，较好地归纳了定语从句的特殊用法，并能用定语从句写文章，完成了学习任务。 不足： 1、在引入部分没有充分引导学生把他们描述图片的简单句用关系词合并为定语从句。 2、最后一个环节用定语从句翻译文章时间安排不足，应多用二至三分钟的时间对学生的翻译进行进一步分析总结，让学生提出更多的修改意见。教学机智：本节课学生在归纳特殊用法时，提出了设计内容之外的规律，教师能给予肯定，并提出在下一教学环节进一步讨论。能够放手让学生发表不同的意见，并适时进行点播。 再教设计：第一环节讨论图片，把学生说出的简单句写在黑板上让学生改为复合句，使引入部分目标更明确。最后翻译文章留出十分钟时间让更多学生展示范文，师生共同提出修改意见。
【英语】初中英语状语从句试题经典 一、初中英语状语从句 1． the journey was tiring，Jeff thought it was worth both the time and the money. A．As B．Since C．Unless D．Although 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 句意：虽然旅途很累，杰夫认为时间和金钱都值得。 A. As当……的时候； B. Since 自从； C. Unless除非； D. Although尽管。根据下文Jeff thought it was worth both the time and the money.可知上文是让步状语从句，这里用Although引导。根据题意，故选D。 2．-- Can’t I park my car free here? -- You can, for four hours, __________ you spend over 100 yuan in this supermarket. A．though B．if C．unless 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 句意：-我不能把车免费停在这里吗？- 如果你在这家超市花费超过100元，你可以免费停车四个小时。though 虽然；if 如果；unless 除非。这里是形容一种条件，如果消费超过100元，就能免费停车，故选B。 3．My English teacher has taught English she came to the school. A．since B．as C．when D．for 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】 考查连词辨析，句意：我的英语老师自从来到这个学校就教英语．结合语境推断句意是"我的英语老师自从来到这个学校就教英语．"，此句中的谓语动词用了现在完成时，本题设空处后面的时间状语从句用了一般过去时，所以结合句意用现在完成时的标志词since引导，故选A 4．He made a serious mistake, but he took immediate action to change that ______ it got worse. A．until B．when C．because D．before 【答案】D 【解析】 试题分析：句意：他犯一个严重的错误。但他采取行动来改变它以免变得更糟。A. Until直到；B. When当……时；C. Because因为；D. Before在……之前。在变得更糟之前采取行动改
英语学科中考专项复习 宾语从句和定语从句教学设计 一：教学内容： 宾语从句的定义和结构、引导词、语序和时态 定语从句的关系代词 that, which, who ,whom,whose 二：学情分析： 九年级学生的英语水平参差不齐，成绩好的学生能够很好的掌握各个知识点，成绩中等的学生对于有些知识点可能是模糊不清，成绩不好的学生对英语可能完全是一窍不通。此次宾语从句和定语从句的专项复习，很多学生对两种从句认识不清，对他们应遵守的语法规则认识模糊，直接影响学生的理解句子的能力，尽管宾语从句和定语从句的考核只有两分，但它们涉及的面是广泛的。因此，我对这两种从句进行了详细的分析并通过历年各市的中考题来加深学生的印象。 三、教学目标 知识与技能：复习宾语从句的定义和结构、引导词、语序，掌握时态的变化以及定语从句的定义、结构和关系代词。 过程与方法：通过课堂活动，熟悉话题进行简单的交流，从历年中考题目中找出有关的信息，理解题意，并能简单归纳知识点。 情感态度价值观：通过课堂探究培养学生积极思考，踊跃发言的能力，增强他们解决问题的决心，提高学习英语的兴趣。 四、教学重点、难点： 重点：宾语从句的语序；定语从句的关系代词：that，which，who，whom，whose的使用。
难点：宾语从句中，主句与从句在时态上的相互呼应；定语从句中关系代词的使用 五、教具： PPT课件、资料 六、教学过程： Step1、进行中考考情考点分析 分析：岳阳中考题型 2016,2018年考的特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句，2017，2019年考的是定语从句.2019年湖南省有5个市考了定语从句，6个市考了宾语从句，而且都是由特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句。所考题型都以单项选择题为主。 Step2、板书一些宾语从句和定语从句，让学生分析它们的相同之处以及不同之处，然后老师进行总结。 I heard (that ) he got into a good high school last year. I like music that sounds good. This is the most interesting book (that) I have ever read. Could you tell me who he talked to just now? Tom prefers the singers who write their own songs. Do you know which city he has been to?
状语从句 一. 单项填空 1. _______ he’s old, he can still carry this heavy bag. A. Though B. Since C. For D. So 2. ---Do you know if he _______ to play basket ball with us? ---I think he will come if he ______ free tomorrow. A. comes; is B. comes; will be C. will come; is D. will come; will be 3. In the zoo if a child _____ into the water and can’t swim, the dolphins may come up ______ him. A. will fall; to help B. falls; to help C. will fall; help D. falls; helping 4. I don’t remember ________ he worked in that city when he was young. A. what B. which C. where D. who 5. We will stay at home if my aunt ________ to visit us tomorrow. A. comes B. come C. will come D. is coming 6. The police asked the children _______ cross the street ________ the traffic lights turned green. A. not; before B. don’t; when C. not to; until D. not; after 7. I was late for class yesterday _______ there was something wrong with my bike. A. when B. that C. until D. because 8. I’ll go swimming with you if I ________ free tomorrow. A. will be B. shall be C. am D. was 9. In the exam, the ________ you are, ______ the _______ mistakes you will make. A. careful; little B. more careful; fewest C. more careful; fewer D. more careful; less 10. Y ou should finish your lessons _______ you go out to play. A. before B. after C. when D. while 11. I hurried _____ I wouldn’t be late for class. A. since B. so that C. as if D. unless 12. When you read the book, you’d better make a mark _______ you hav e any questions. A. which B. that C. where D. though 13. The teacher raised his voice _______ all the students could hear him. A. for B. so that C. because D. in order 14. He took off his coat _______ he felt hot. A. because B. as C. if D. since 15. It is ______ that we’d like to go out for a walk. A. a lovely day B. too lovely a day C. so lovely a day D. such lovely a day 16. Mary had ______ much work to do that she stayed at her office all day. A. such B. so C. too D. very 17. _______ I felt very tired, I tried to finish the work. A. Although B. Because C. As D. As if 18. ______ the day went on, the weather got worse. A. With B. Since C. While D. As
宾语从句教学设计 一、导入 1.复习什么是宾语。动词/介词后面的名词就是宾语。 I play basketball. We are talking about our homework.. 2.宾语从句就是在宾语的位置上放一个完整的句子。 3.I love that I can earn some coupons. $ 板书：He knows me. He knows what’s wrong with his wife. 说出2个句子的宾语。 说出2个句子的宾语是词（词组）还是句子。 第一个句子的宾语是一个词构成的，第二个句子的宾语是一个句子，我们称这种做宾语的句子叫宾语从句。在句子中充当宾语的从句叫宾语从句。其中he knows 叫主句，what’s wrong with him是从句。 说出下面4个句子的主句和从句。 A．He said that he had a very good journey home. ^ B．He asked if /whether they had come. C．He told me that the earth goes around the sun. D．He asked me how he could get to the nearest post office. 总结：。。是主句，剩下的是由that，if，how引导的宾语从句。 初步认识了宾语从句，下面我们开始了解宾语从句的三要素 引导词（连接词） 语序 [ 时态 1)从属连词that引导陈述句宾语从句，在口语或者非正式语中可以被省略 比如上面四句话中的A,C就是that引导的陈述句的宾语从句。如果省略掉that，该如何修改。（让学生口头修改） A．He said that he had a very good journey home. C．He told me that the earth goes around the sun. 2）由从属连词whether, if 引导一般疑问句的宾语从句，表示“是否”，比如上面的B就是由if引导的宾语从句， B．He asked if /whether they had come. 3）由连接代词who,whom,whose,which,what, whoever, whichever, whatever 和连接副词where, how, why,when引导的宾语从句
T e a c h i n g D e s i g n Grammar — The Attributive Clause (I) (who, whom, which, that, whose) 淅川二高贾丽君 I. Teaching aims: 1. Help students understand what the Attributive Clause is and its function. 2. Enable students to use relative pronouns (who, whom, which, that, whose) in the Attributive Clause properly. 3. Encourage students to express their love to fathers using the Attributive Clause. II. Teaching important and difficult points: Enhance students’ proficiency and accuracy in using the relative pronouns to write the Attributive Clauses. III. Teaching methods: Task-based teaching method; Audio-lingual method; Cooperative learning; Group discussion IV. Teaching steps: Step I：Lead in 1. Guess a riddle. This is a man who loves us very much. This is a man whose love is as great as a mother’s.
初中英语状语从句知识点总结(一） 用来修饰主句中的动词，形容词或副词等而充当状语的从句叫做状语从句。状语从句常用从属连词来引导,与主句连接起来。若置于句末,则前面不加逗号。根据意义和作用，状语从句可分为时间原因条件等几种。下面我们就来分析一下这几种状语从句。 1时间状语从句 时间状语从句常用从属连词wheｎ,aｆtｅｒ，unｔil,as soon as，等来引导。 当主句是祈使句或谓语动词是一般将来时态或情态动词时,其时间状语从句中的谓语动词常用一般现在时态表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态。这就是我们常说的“主将从现”。 如:Ｐlease cａll me ｗheｎ yｏu ｇeｔｔｈere．当你到那时,请给我打个电话。 I ｗill write tｏ you ａs ｓｏｏn as I arrｉｖe in Beｉjing.我一到北京就给你写信。 <温馨提示>siｎce引导时间状语从句表示“自从…以来”，从句中的动词一般表示动作的起点，用过去时;而主句的动作延续的情况则用一般现在时或现在完成时。常用的句型为： It hａs beｅn/is+一段时间+ｓｉnｃe+过去时。 如：I hａs ｂeｅｎ/is three yeａrs since ｗe meｔ laｓt ｔｉｍe.自从我们上次见面,已经三年了。 2条件状语从句 引导条件状语从句的连词或词组有：if(如果),unless(除非),as ｌｏnｇ as(只要）等。如果主句是将来时，条件状语从句也用一般现在时来表示。 如：I will ｓtａy at home ｉf it raiｎs tomorrｏｗ.如果明天下雨,我就待在家。 You can’t learn Englisｈweｌl unｌess you woｒk ｈard． 除非你努力学习，否则是学不好英语的。 <温馨提示>由ｉf引导的条件状语从句，若从句表达的是与现在事实相反的事实,则常用虚拟语气,即用过去时态表示(如果涉及到ｂe动词，一律都用wｅre)。此时,主句则用过去将来时。
高三英语定语从句公开课教学设计 语法专题十二定语从句 (一)ⅰ. 定义定语从句，起形 容词的作用，在句中常用来修饰名词或代词。被修饰的词称为先行词,引导定语 从句的词称为关系词, 关系词的作用一是放在先行词与定语从句中间起引导作 用;二是在意义上代替先行词,并在从句中充当一个成分。其中关系代词：who, whom, whose, which, that, as；关系副词：when, where, why。eg. she is the girl who sings best of all.the pen which my uncle gave me is missing.he lives in a house whose windows face south.the factory where my father works is in the east of the city.perhaps the day will come when people will be able to breathe clean air in cities. ⅱ. 关系代词1. 先行词是人，作主语，关系代词用who, that eg. he is a man （）never leaves today’s work till tomorrow. the boy ( ) is standing there is my cousin.2. 先行词是人，作宾语，关系代词用 whom, who, that,eg. here is the man ( ) you’ve been expecting to meet.the man ( ) you met yesterday is mr. smith.3. 先行词是物， 作主语，关系代词用which, thateg . the train （） has just left is for guangzhou.children like to read books ( ) have wonderful pictures.4. 先行词是物，作宾语，关系代词用which, that,或省略eg. the book ( ) you borrowed yesterday is really interesting.the pen ( ) my uncle gave me is missing.5. 先行词是人、物，作定语，关系 代词用whoseeg. he is the professor ( ) name was jackson.china, （） population is the largest in the world, is developing very fast. ⅲ. 关系副词1. 先行词是表示时间的名词，在定从中作时间状语，关系代词用when eg. i can’t remember the date ( ) he went abroad.i’ll never forget the day ( ) i joined the army.2. 先行词是表示地点的名词， 在定从中作地点状语，关系代词用where; 其中注意表示抽象概念的地点名词，如，situation、stage、degree、point等表示方面或程度时，也需用whereeg. this is the village （） uncle wang once lived.they have reached the
初中英语状语从句 【考点直击】 1. 时间状语从句 2. 条件状语从句 3. 原因状语从句 4. 结果状语从句 5. 比较状语从句 6. 目的状语从句 7. 让步状语从句 8. 地点状语从句 【名师点睛】 用来修饰主句中的动词，副词和形容词的从句叫状语从句。根据其含义状语从句可分为时间状语从句，地点状语从句，条件状语从句，原因状语从句，结果状语从句，比较状语从句，目的状语从句，让步状语从句。 1. 时间状语从句 (1)时间状语从句常用when, as, while, before, after, since, till, until, as soon as等连词来引导。例如： It was raining hard when got to school yesterday. While he was doing his homework, the telephone rang. As he walked along the lake, he sang happily. He had learned a little Chinese before he came to China. After he finished middle school, he went to work in a factory. (2)在时间状语从句里，通常不用将来时态，用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。例如： I’ll ring you up as soon as I get to New York. I will tell him everything when he comes back. He won’t believe it until he sees it with his own eyes. (3)在带有till或until引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句里，如果主句用肯定式，其含义是“一直到……时”，谓语动词只能用延续性动词。如果主句用否定式，其含义是“直到……才……”, “在……以前不……”, 谓语动词可用瞬间动词。例如：The young man read till the light went out. Let’s wait until the rain stops. We won’t start until Bob comes. Don’t get off until the bus stops. 2. 条件状语从句 (1)条件状语从句通常由if, unless引导。例如： What shall we do if it snows tomorrow? Don’t lea ve the building unless I tell you to. (2)在条件状语从句里，谓语动词通常用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。例如： I’ll help you with your English if am free tomorrow. He won’t be late unless he is ill. (3)“祈使句+ and (or)+ 陈述句”在意思上相当于一个带有条件状语从句的复合句。例如： Hurry up, or you’ll be late. =If you don’t hurry up, you’ll be late. Study hard and you will pass the exam. =If you study hard, you will pass the exam. 3. 原因状语从句 (1)原因状语从句通常由because, since, as引导。例如： He didn’t come to school because he was ill. As it is raining, we shall not go the zoo. Since you can’t answer the question, I’ll ask someone else. (2)because表示直接原因，语气最强。Because引导的原因状语从句多放在主句之后。回答由why提出的问题，只能用because。
必备英语【初中英语】状语从句专项练习经典 一、初中英语状语从句 1．—Betty, do you know if Tony ______ the photo competition? —He will, if he ______ his project on Australia. A．enters; finishes B．enters; will finish C．will enter; finishes D．will enter; will finish 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 句意：贝蒂，你知道托尼是否要参加摄影比赛？他会的，如果他完成了有关澳大利亚的课题。 问句中if引导的是宾语从句，翻译为是否，前者问的是将来；答语是由if引导的条件状语从句，所以遵循主将从现的原则，所以if之后用一般现在时。所以答案选C。 2．You won't succeed _____ you work hard A．if B．because C．unless D．so that 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 句意：你不会成功的，除非你努力工作。if如果；because 因为，引导原因状语从句；unless如果不，除非；so that以至于，引导结果状语从句；为的是，引导目的状语从句。根据句意可知，这里表示“如果不努力工作”，故应选C。 3．-- Can’t I park my car free here? -- You can, for four hours, __________ you spend over 100 yuan in this supermarket. A．though B．if C．unless 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 句意：-我不能把车免费停在这里吗？- 如果你在这家超市花费超过100元，你可以免费停车四个小时。though 虽然；if 如果；unless 除非。这里是形容一种条件，如果消费超过100元，就能免费停车，故选B。 4．I won't go he comes back. A．until B．while C．when D．why 【答案】A 【解析】 句意：直到他回来，我才走。A. until 直到； B. while当---时候； C. when当---时候； D. why为什么；not---until--- 直到---才---；故选A
宾语从句 学生分析 本课的教学对象是九年级学生，学生英语基础较好，学习积极性较高，具有一定的自主学习能力，而且在课前能进行自主学习，完成预习任务，上课都能认真听讲，积极配合。本课采用课堂小组合作学习以及分组竞争的形式进行，意在充分调动学生的积极性和培养合作探究的精神，既能照顾到不同层次的学生，又能循序渐进、尊重个别差异，尽量让他们各有所学，各有所得。 教材分析 宾语从句是中学阶段一个很重要的语法点，是每年中考的必考点。中考考点主要是考宾语从句的引导词、语序和时态。 教学目标1.知识目标：复习宾语从句，理解、掌握宾语从句的结构，进一步熟练运用宾语从句。 2.能力目标：准确把握各种引导词的用法，尤其是以后能够在写作和其他练习中能熟练运用该结构。 3.情感目标：在任务及活动的过程中，培养学生的观察、归纳能力和合作意识，提高他们学习英语的兴趣。 教 学 宾语从句的引导词、语序和时态的复习
重 点 教 学 难 点 教学难点能在真实的情境中正确运用宾语从句 教学策略自学策略：通过自主学习，理解掌握宾语从句的相关知识 合作学习策略：学会与他人分享，培养小组互助合作的学习策略.注意学习策略的共享。 教学准备1．布置预习作业（请学生在课前预习有关宾语从句的知识，查找相关资料，找出宾语从句需注意的几个问题） 2．根据教师自身特点、教学内容、教材分析、学情分析，优化教学设计，进行课件制作，评价材料等。 教学过程 教学教学 步骤 教师活动学生活动设计意 图 Step1 Warmin g 1.FreetalktotheSs. 2.AsktheSstolisten tothesong takemetoy 1.TalktotheT. 2.Listentotheson gandguess 1、 Freetalk 是让学生 们放松心
云南德宏州芒市第一中学高中英语定语从句教学设计新人教版必修1 A. Teaching content and analysis Content:1.To review Get the students to master the Attributive Clause introduced by the Relative Adverb 2.Enable the students learn how to choose relative adverbs Analysis: By reviewing relative pronoun, Ss are expected choose relative pronoun properly. B. Teaching goals and analysis Goals： 1. Enable the Ss to grasp the definition, kinds and use of Attributive Clause through revision. 2. Enable the Ss to know how to choose correct relative for Attributive Clauses in grammatical filling. 3. Enable the Ss to know how to use Attributive Clauses in writing. Analysis：Ss are expected to apply what they have learnt to practice by fulfilling some written tasks. C. Teaching important points and difficult points 1. To know about function of each relative. 2. Enable the students to know how to choose proper relative adverbs for attributive clauses. D. Predicting problems and analysis 1. The teacher should make a good preparation for the pre-class to help our students understand the concept and category better. Because of their poor basis, they may not be familiar with some words, phrases, sentences. 2. The teacher should introduce some skills properly so that it enables students work out many questions of this grammar learning. 3. The teacher must pay more attention to students’ feedback in the class and timely adjust.. E. Teaching Methods 1. Review, explanation, and consolidation. 2. Make every student work in class. F. Teaching Aids The multimedia; The blackboard; The courseware G. Teaching procedures Pre-class -----lead-in -----exercise -----presentation -----Summary -----consolidation -----homework Step1. Pre-class Ask Ss write down four sentences which we left yesterday. Ask some volunteers to read out some sentenced in the text which learnt last class related to the attributive clause when, where and why. These sentences are, for example “The school where I studied for only two year was three kilometers away.”“The time when I first met Mandela was a very difficult time of my life.”…. Designing purpose：It’ s easy and useful for the Ss to understand the grammar points by the