专四词汇语法突击

虚拟倒装
❖ 如果虚拟条件句中出现了were, had, should,可以省 略 if ,把were ,had ,should 提前，构成虚拟倒装。
例如：All would be well were reason the only judge in the debate.
错综虚拟语气
❖ 如果句子条件句和主句时态不同则各自采用各自的 时间。 例如：If I had locked my door ,I would not be worried about it. 如果我给我的们上了锁（过去），我就不会如此担 心了(现在)。
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30、意志是一个强壮的盲人，倚靠在明眼的跛子肩上。——叔本华
谢谢！
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45、法律的制定是为了保证每一个人 自由发 挥自己 的才能 ，而不 是为了 束缚他 的才能 。—— 罗伯斯 庇尔
专四突击专项
1. 常考的特殊句式 2.常考的语法现象 (虚拟语气英语中，主语和位于有两种顺序：一是主语在 前，
谓语在后，称为自（Natural Order). 反之如果谓语在 主语前面，就是倒装语序（Inverted Order). ❖ 倒装的原因一是结构的需要，一是为了强调。 ❖ 倒装语序：1.全部倒装（Full Inversion)
2. 表建议，请求，决定，命令，需要，重要， 首要，必要，紧要…须接虚拟.
ask ,advise ,command ,necessary ,important impossible … 例如：Some one advise her that she marry me.
3.时态往后退一格。
❖ Would rather (would just as soon ) ❖ It’s (high, about) time (that) ❖ Wish ❖ If only ❖ As if (as though)… ❖ 例如：I wish you hadn’t committed the theft ,but

专四词汇语法突击3(附答案详解)专四词汇语法突击3（附答案详解）1. ?____? the flood, the ship had reached its destination on time.?A. In case ofB. In spite of?C. Because ofD. But for?2. Xenon has a number of applications, ?____? may be mentioned its use in flash lamps for high speed photography.?A. among whichB. whichC. and whichD. each of which?3. Take an umbrella with you in case of ?____?.?A. it rainsB. the rainC. rainD. raining?4. The University of Georgia,?____? in 1785, was the first state?supported University in the United States.?A. charteredB. was chartered ?C. it was charteredD. to be chartered?5. ?____? that is found is valuable.?A. Not every pearlB. Every pearl that is not ?C. It is not every pearlD.When not every pearl?6. A historical novel may do more than mirror history; ?____?future events.?A. even influencingB. it may even influence?C. may even influenceD.that it may even influence?7. ?____?, glasses can correct most sight defects in healthy eyes.?A. When well fittedB. Well fitted when?C. Well fitted ifD. If well fitted when?8. I’ll certainly work all next week except when it ?____?.?A. will be rainingB. would rain?D. is raining?9. I suppose you are not going today, ?____???A. are youB. do youC. aren’t youD. don’t you?10. The size of the audience,?____? we had expected, was well over one thousand.?A. whomB. whoC. asD. that?11. Even before he got to the chemist’s he had lost the ?____?for the medicine, and had to go back to the doctor to get another one.A. receiptB. remedyC. recipeD. prescription?12. Before I noticed a differece, I had thoughtthe machines were ?______?.?A. equivalentB. artificialC. identicalD. occasional13. Robert is reliable, you can ?____?.?A. count onB. count forC. count upD. count out?14. For weeks after, I would see a girl on the street who ?____?my daughter and hope in my heart that it was Jane.?A. identifiedB. imitatedC. resembledD. liberated?15. Modern technology and science have produced a ?____?of new materials and new ways ofusing old materials.A. wealthB. willC. rewardD. realm?16. There is evidence that such differences do ?____?intelligence as measured by tests.?A. infectC. affectD. direct?17. In some small villages in England, tourists can become ?____?because they do not know that street names are posted on the side of buildings, rather than on signs as they are in the U.S.?A. explicitB. rationalC. perplexedD. positive?18. Your nationality is not ?____? when choosing a career, but your ability to speak the language is.?A. relatedB. responsibleC. relevantD. reciprocal?19. His interesting lecture ?____? my interest in history.?A. revealedB. revolvedC. retortedD. revived?20. I was shocked at observing the alteration of her ?____?.?A. appearancesB. aspectsC. outlinesD. looks?21. A carpenter can work best when he uses the ?____?tools.?A. fitB. suitableC. properD. appropriate?22. We ?____?him out of going on such a dangerous journey.?A. arguedB. discussedC. debatedD. disputed?23. All ads are intended to be ?____?, but they can stir up interest and curiosity in varying ways, through humour, information and so on.?A. provocativeB. cooperative ?C. effectiveD. comparative?24. No one’s face is perfect ly ?____? . For example, one eye is often slightly higher than the other.?A. similarB. subtleC. balancedD. symmetrical?25. My brother’s habit of giving advice without being asked makes him seem ?____?.?A. presumptuousB. premature?C. presumptiveD. predominant试题答案与解析??1． B)【句意】尽管发了洪水，船还是准时到达了目的地。

1.Very few scientists ____ completely new answers to the world’s problems.A. come up with B come out C. come round D. come up to2. We are writing to the manager ____ the repairs recently carried out at the above address.A.with the exception ofB. with the purpose ofC. with reference toD. with a view to3. Many of the scientists and engineers are judged ____ how great their achievements are.A. in spite ofB. in ways ofC. in favor ofD. in terms of4. All individuals are required to ____ to the laws made by their governments.A. ObeyB. ConformC. ConcedeD. observe5. The United States is trying to ____ the serious problems created by the energy crisis.A. put up withB. submit toC. comply withD. cope with6. The joys of travel, having long ____ the disabled, are opening up to virtually anyone who has the means.A. OmittedB. MissedC. NeglectedD. discarded7. Most people who travel in the course of their work are given travelling ____ .A. IncomeB. AllowancesC. WagesD. pay8. Some people ____ avoid questions of right and wrong or remain neutral about them.A. violentlyB. enthusiasticallyC. SincerelyD. deliberately9. I was always taught that it was ____ to interrupt.A. RudeB. CoarseC. RoughD. crude10. It is a common theme in many science fiction stories that the world may one day be ____ by insects.A. broken inB. run overC. taken overD. filled in11. His intelligence and experience will enable him to ____ the complicated situation.A. cope withB. settle downC. intervene inD. interfere with12. I am sure I can ____ him into letting us stay in the hotel f o r the night.A. SpeakB. SayC. TalkD. tell13. There is no easy solution to Japan’s labor ____ .A. DeclineB. VacancyC. RarityD. shortage14. Just as a book is often judged ____ by the quality and appeara n ce of its cover, a person is judged immediately by his appearance.A. PreviouslyB. UniquelyC. OutwardlyD. initially15. Frankly speaking, your article is very goodexcept for some ____ mistakes in grammar.A. TrivialB. ObscureC. RareD. glaring16. Advanced computer technology has ____ an answer to accurate weather forecasting.A. set upB. come up withC. filled inD. faced up to17. Both parties promised to ____ the contract to be s igned the following day.A. keep withB. tangle withC. adhere toD. devote to18. The fire has caused great losses, but the factory tried to ____ the consequences by saying that the damage was not as serious as reported.A. DecreaseB. SubtractC. MinimizeD. degrade19. Every society has its own peculiar customs and ____ of acting.A. WaysB. BehaviorC. AttitudesD. means20. All the parts of these washing machines are ____ , so that it is very convenient to replace them.A. NormalizedB. modernizedC. MechanizedD. standardized21. There was once an ____ idea that the earth was flat and motionless.A. EternalB. OffensiveC. AbsurdD. intrinsic22. When they had finished playing, the children were made to ____ all the toys they had taken out.A. put offB. put outC. put upD. put away23. A complete investigation into the cause of the accident should lead to improved standards and should ____ new operating procedures.A. result inB. match withC. subject toD. proceed with24. The fuel of the continental missile is supposed to be ____ by this device.A. LightedB. InspiredC. FiredD. ignited25. Stop shouting! I can’t hear the football ____ .A. ExplanationB. interpretationC. judgementD. commentary1.The manager promised to have my complaint ____ .A. looked throughB. looked intoC. looked overD. looked after2. We regret to inform you that the materials you ordered are ____ .A. out of workB. out of reachC.out of stockD.out of practice3. Some areas, ____ their severeweather conditions,are hardly populated.A.due toB.in spite ofC.but forD.withregard to4. His tastes and habits ____ with those of his wife.binepeteC.coincidepromise5. The criminal always paid ____ cash so the police could not track him down.A. OnB.byC.forD.in6. Being somewhat short sighted, she had the habit of ____ atpeople.A.glancingB.peeringC.gazingD.scanning7. When he appliedfor a ____ in the office of the local newspapers he was told to see the manager.A.locationB.professionC.careerD.position8. The ____ runner can run 2 miles in fifteen minutes.monualC.averageD.general9. The travellers ____ their journey after a short break.A.recoveredB.resumedC.renewedD.restored10. My friend does one thing one day and just the ____ the next.His behaviour is inconsistent.A.otherB.alternativeC.negativeD.opposite11. The terrorists might have planted a bomb on the plane inAthens, set to ____ when it arrived in New York.A. get offB. carry offC. go offD. come off12. Attempts to persuade her to stay after she felt insulted were ______ .A. of no availB. on the contraryC. at a lossD. in no way13. Have you anything to say ____ the proposal?A. with regard toB. in contrast toC. on behalf ofD. for the purpose of14. The prisoner has been ____ of many previleges that average citizens enjoy.A. EnsuredB. InformedC. DeprivedD. convinced15. It has been estimated that the earth’s surface temperature has increased ____ one quarter to three quarters of a degree since 1850.A. ToB. ByC. AtD. with16. He was ____ to steal the money when he saw it lying on the table.A. DraggedB. TemptedC. ElicitedD. attracted17. Dogs are often praised for their ____ ; they almost never abandon their masters.A. FaithB. loyaltyC. trustD. truthfulness18. As an excellent shooter，Peter practised aiming at both ____ targets and moving targetsA. StandingB. StationaryC. StillD. stable19. If each manager makes his usual speech, the meaning will be ____ for forty five minutes.A. ExpandedB. ProlongedC. DelayedD. exceeded20. Small boys are ____ questioners. They ask questions all the time.A. OriginalB. ImaginativeC. PeculiarD. persistent21. There are nations whose lack of contact with the outside world has ____ poverty.A. fallen intoB. consisted inC. resulted inD. come up to22. When a psychologist does a general experiment about the human mind, he selects people ____and ask them questions.A. at lengthB. at randomC. in essenceD. in bulk23. The goal is to make higher education available to everyone who is willing and capable ____his financial situation.A. with respect toB. in accord withC. regardless ofD. in terms of24. To call the music of another music culture “primitive” is ____one’s own standards on a group that does not recognize them.A.puttingB. EmphasizingC. ForcingD. imposing25. This is the first draft of the book.Please feel perfectly free to ____ it.A. cope withB. comment onC. ComplainD. confirm1. When Jack was eighteen he ____ going around with a strange set ofpeople and staying out very late.A. took toB. took forC. took upD. took on2. He ____ so much work that he couldn’t really do it efficiently.A. put onB. turned onC. brought onD. took on3. A large part of human activity, particularly in relation to the environment, is ____ conditions and e v ents.A. in response toB. in favor ofC. in contrast toD. in excess of4. An obvious change of attitude at the top towards women’s status in society will ____through the current law system in Japa n.A. PermeateB. ProbeC. ViolateD. grope5. I seem to have reached a rather gloomy conclusion, but I think that something cheerful may still be derived ____it.A. OfB. OffC. FromD. with6. If the fire alarm is sounded, all residents are requested to ____ in the courtyard.A. AssembleB. ConvergeC. CrowdD. accumulate7. He believed that the greatest of his ____ was that he’d never had a college education.A. GriefsB. MisfortunesC. DisastersD. sorrows8. The service operates 36 libraries throughout the country, while six ____libraries specially serve the countryside.A. MobileB. DriftingC. ShiftingD. rotating9. All our attempts to ____ the child from drowning were in vain.A. RegainB. RecoverC. ReserveD. rescue10. The shop assistant was straight with his customers. If an article was of ____ quality he’d tell them so.A. HumbleB. InferiorC. MinorD. awkward11. The new washing machines are ____ at the ra t e offifty a day.A. turn upB. turn downC. turned outD. turned in12. ____ should any money be given to a small child.A. On no accountB. From all accountsC. Of no accountD. By all accounts13. While in London, we paid a visit to the hospital founded ____ the nurse Florence Nightingale.A. in line withB. in favor ofC. in honor ofD. in place of14. Visitors are asked to ____ with the regulations.A. ContrastB. ConsultC. ComplyD. conflict15. He thought he could talk Mr.Robinson ____ buyingsome expensive equipment.A. OnB. OfC. RoundD. into16. The republication of the poet’s most recent works certainly ____ his national reputation.A. MagnifyB. StrengthenC. EnlargeD. enhance17. Although the two players are ____ in the tennis court, they are really good friends.A. PartnersB. EnemiesC. Rivalspanions18. His body temperature has been ____ for three days, the highest point reaching 40.5 degree centigrade.A. UncommonB. DisorderedC. AbnormalD. extraordinary19. The final document was of course, supposed to mend the damage ______ upon the world by the war.A. ImposedB. ImpressedC. CompelledD. compressed20. The drowning child was saved by Dick’s ____ action.A. AcuteB. AlertC. ProfoundD. prompt专四词汇语法突击211.As, after his death, he defeated the forces of injustice, ____the position in art that had been kept from him during his life.A. so did he gainB. so he gainedC. and he gainedD. and gained2. He thought he had lost his ____for good. However, he found his pillow already taken by the dog when he entered the room.A. beautiful yellow little dogB. yellow beautiful little dogC. little yellow beautiful dogD. beautiful little yellow dog3. In 1900, the place where he had been buried was finally discovered, marked only by ___, with even a simple stone.A. the 61 numberB. the number 61stC. the number 61D. a 61 number4. More than a yearlater he arrived back in America ____ .A. ill, tired and unhappyB. with ill, tired and unhappyC. felt ill, tired and unhappyD. he felt ill, tired and unhappy5. She possessed a quick mind, a sharp tongue and ____ a strong will.A. above allB. first of allC. most of allD. moreover6. The magician picked several persons ____ from the audience and asked them to help him with the perfor m ance.8. I left for the office earlier than usual this morning ____ traffic jam.A. in line withB. for the sake ofC. in case ofD. at the risk of9. We ____ Edison’s success to his intelligence and hard work.A. SubjectB. AttributeC. OweD. refer10. In Britain, and on the continent too, the Japanese are sometimes viewed ____ a threat to domestic industries.A. LikeB. WithC. ForD. as11.“You know so much about literature. It’s a pity you failed your degree,” Harry said, “You ____ a good teacher.”A. would have beenB. can have beenC. must beD. should have been12. ____scientists thought the Red Planet was as lifeless as the Moon with dust swirling over vast sandy deserts.A. To begin withB. Beginning withC. It was begun withD. While beginning with13. The girl always says to her boyfriend, “I do wish you ____ so much.”A. haven’t smokedB. aren’t smokingC. didn’t smokeD. don’t smoke14. Since 1970, millions of enthusiasts ____a substance which they believe can remedy the common cold — Vitamin C.A. have takenB. have been takingC. have been takenD. have being taken15.____can make an immense contribution to the creation of peace and plenty in the world by taking care to understand other nations.A. I and you and all the ordinary peopleB. You and I and all the ordinary peopleC. You and all the ordinary people and meD. All the ordinary people and you and me16. If you start as a junior bank clerk, you will have ____responsibilities connected with the handling of cheques.A.minorB. LessC. SmallD. little17. The city postman has to go on foot, not only along streets, but also up and down stairs , as many ____ offlats have no lifts and no downstairs letter boxes.A. FlightsB. RowsC. BlocksD. storeys18. My father was a dentist in the little town all his life,and it was always taken for granted that I would take over his ____when he retired.A. PracticeB. JobC. WorkD. post19. The same can be said of factory farms, where animals are kept under very ____ conditions.A. SimilarB. LikelyC. CloseD. like20. There is so much terrorism that people are crying out and asking for more law and ____ .A. SecurityB. OrderC. SafetyD. protection专四词汇语法突击221. Color blind people have difficulty ____ between blue and green.A. SeparatingB. comparingC. contrastingD. distinguishing2. He felt ____ as soon as he realized that he has asked a foolish question.A. BoredB. embarrassedC. displeasedD.disappointed3. The city was ____ to me, and I did not know where to go.A. StrangeB. OddC. UniqueD. curious4. I’m in no ____ this evening to listen to his silly jok e s.A. FeelingB. EmotionC. MoodD. tendency5. The first,second and third prizes went to Bob,Jack and Henry ____ .A. DifferentlyB. SeparatelyC. RespectivelyD.equally6. These goods do not come up to the ____ .A. MarkB. SignC. TokenD. signal7. We express our thoughts by ____ of words.A. MethodB. WayC. MannerD. means8. I hope you will be ____ in future about the things you say.A. CarefulB. AttentiveC. CautiousD. precautious9. Think carefully before you answer his questions. You may be ____ into giving away vital information.A. CaughtB. CapturedC. SeizedD. trapped10. When operating a machine, we must use ____ .A. WarningB. CautionC. AdviceD. counsel。

英语专业四级语法、词汇知识1．语法考题的涉及面宽，近年考题曾经考到：几乎所有词类；三种动词的非谓语形式；各种从句及关系词的用法；动词时态、虚拟语气、情态动词的用法；独立主格，主谓一致，倒装，强调、并列结构等基本语法知识。

2．语法考试的重点突出，语法考试的重点为内容庞杂较难掌握的项目，这些项目还反复出现，如：虚拟语气，状语从句，定语从句，独立主格，情态动词。

3．具体考查重点为以上项目中的特殊用法，不常用的情况1）虚拟语气的考点为：would rather＋that从句＋一般过去时：It is vital／necessary／important ／urgent／imperative／desirable／advisable／natural／essential＋that＋动词原形；It is time／about time／high time＋that＋一般过去时：proposal／suggestion＋that＋动词原形；lest ＋that＋should＋动词原形；if only＋that＋would＋动词原形。

2）状语从句的考点为：非if引导的条件状语从句，此类句子多用at times，provided，so long as，in case，once等来替代if；由even if／so，now that，for all等引导的让步状语从句；just／hardly...when引导的时间状语从句；more than，as...as，not so much as，the same as，as much as等引导的比较状语从句。

3）独立主格结构多以逻辑主语＋分词的形式出现。

4）情态动词多与完成时形式连用。

5）定语从句重点考查介词＋关系代词（which）和as作为关系代词。

专业四级考试的词汇部分要求考生能灵活正确运用教学大纲语法结构表一至四级的全部内容，熟练掌握教学大纲词汇表中一至四级规定的5000—6000个认知词汇及其最基本的搭配。

1. Any steam engine gives us an example of ____ into work.A.heats having turnedB. heats turningC. heats having been turnedD. heat being turned 【句意】蒸汽机是将热转化为能的一个例子。

【难点】heat是不可数名词，是being turned的逻辑主语。

2. Essentially, a theory is an abstract, symbolic representation of ______ reality.A. what it is conceivedB. that is conceivedC. that is being conceivedD. what is conceived to be2．【句意】从本质上说，理论是对虚构现实的一种抽象的并具有象征性的展示。

【难点】介词of后应接宾语，B)和C)为定语从句，但无先行词；A)中it为多余，只有D)为名词性从句，可作of的宾语。

3. Not until a monkey is several years old ____ to exhibit signs of independence from its mother. A.it does begin B. when it beginsC. does it beginD. before it begins【句意】猴子要到几岁的时候才能表现出脱离母亲而独立的迹象。

【难点】否定词not用于句首，要用倒装句，即把句子谓语的情态动词或助动词提到主语前面。

4. Television will be used to enable customers to shop from the comfort of their homes by simply ordering via the TV screen, payment ____ by direct debit of their credit cards.A. making itB. is madeC. being madeD. will be made句意】人们将使用电视在家里舒舒服服地购物，可以通过屏幕进行订货，所需支付的款项可直接从信用卡扣除。

专四词汇语法突击3（附答案详解）专四词汇语法突击3（附答案详解）1. ?____? the flood, the ship had reached its destination on time.?A. In case ofB. In spite of?C. Because ofD. But for?2. Xenon has a number of applications, ?____? may be mentioned its use in flash lamps for high speed photography.?A. among whichB. whichC. and whichD. each of which?3. Take an umbrella with you in case of ?____?.?A. it rainsB. the rainC. rainD. raining?4. The University of Georgia,?____? in 1785, was the first state?supported University in the United States.?A. charteredB. was chartered ?C. it was charteredD. to be chartered5. ?____? that is found is valuable.?A. Not every pearlB. Every pearl that is not ?C. It is not every pearlD.When not every pearl?6. A historical novel may do more than mirror history; ?____?future events.?A. even influencingB. it may even influence?C. may even influenceD.that it may even influence?7. ?____?, glasses can correct most sight defects in healthy eyes.?A. When well fittedB. Well fitted when?C. Well fitted ifD. If well fitted when?8. I’ll certainly work all next week except when it ?____?.?A. will be rainingB. would rain?C. will rainD. is raining?9. I suppose you are not going today, ?____A. are youB. do youC. aren’t youD. don’t you?10. The size of the audience,?____? we had expected, was well over one thousand.?A. whomB. whoC. asD. that?11. Even before he got to the chemist’s he had lost the ?____?for the medicine, and had to go back to the doctor to get another one.A. receiptB. remedyC. recipeD. prescription?12. Before I noticed a differece, I had thoughtthe machines were ?______?.?A. equivalentB. artificialC. identicalD. occasional13. Robert is reliable, you can ?____?.?A. count onB. count forC. count upD. count out?14. For weeks after, I would see a girl on the street who ?____?my daughter and hope in my heart that it was Jane.?A. identifiedB. imitatedC. resembledD. liberated?15. Modern technology and science have produceda ?____?of new materials and new ways ofusing old materials.A. wealthB. willC. rewardD. realm?16. There is evidence that such differences do ?____?intelligence as measured by tests.?A. infectB. effectD. direct?17. In some small villages in England, tourists can become ?____?because they do not know that street names are posted on the side of buildings, rather than on signs as they are in the U.S.?A. explicitB. rationalC. perplexedD. positive?18. Your nationality is not ?____? when choosing a career, but your ability to speak the language is.?A. relatedB. responsibleC. relevantD. reciprocal?19. His interesting lecture ?____? my interest in history.?A. revealedB. revolvedC. retortedD. revived?20. I was shocked at observing the alteration of her ?____?.?A. appearancesB. aspectsC. outlinesD. looks?21. A carpenter can work best when he uses the ?____?tools.?A. fitB. suitableC. properD. appropriate?22. We ?____?him out of going on such a dangerous journey.?A. arguedB. discussedC. debatedD. disputed?23. All ads are intended to be ?____?, but they can stir up interest and curiosity in varying ways, through humour, information and so on.?A. provocativeB. cooperative ?C. effectiveD. comparative?24. No one’s face is perfectly ?____? . For example, one eye is often slightly higher than the other.?B. subtleC. balancedD. symmetrical?25. My brother’s habit of giving advice without being asked makes him seem ?____?.?A. presumptuousB. premature?C. presumptiveD. predominant试题答案与解析?1．B)【句意】尽管发了洪水，船还是准时到达了目的地。

19． D)【句意】很难想像一个大城市没有警察，但是十八世纪初叶的伦敦就是这样。
【难点】situation意为“情况，处境；状态”；condition 意为“条件，状况”；affair意为“事情，事件”；environment 意为“环境，周围情况”。condition和situation辨析:condition 指事物或人所处的环境或由其他原因产生的特殊情况；situation 指一个特定时期内的形势或局面，这种状况一般由相关的综合环境条件决定。
7. “I____ poetry as the food of the love,” said Darcy.
A. have been used to considering B. have used to consider
C. use to consider D. used to considering
A. sociableB. socialC. socialistD. socialistic
13. After the cameraman had taken two photographs of the ants, he found they had ____ all over his feet.
20. “Anyone who followed my ____ of rules would be blessed with a richer life and boundless love from his family,”Tom said.
A. packetB. packC. setD. group
8. We have had a most delightful evening.I wish you ____there.

专四词汇语法突击61 If only the arbitration court ____ the dispute.A. resolveB. will resolveC. can resolveD. would resolve2. I advise you ____ of ____ out such a dangerous plan.A. to stop to think... carryB. to stop thinking... carryingC. to stop thinking... carryD. to stop thinking... to carry B)【句意】我建议你不要想着去执行这样危险的计划。

【难点】advise 一般用于句型“advise(sb)that 或advise sb to do sth，意为“建议…做”。

stop后跟动名词或名词时，意为“不再做某事，停止正做的事”。

如果stop后跟动词不定式，则表示停止一件事情而开始做另一件事情。

所以只有答案B)正确。

3. She bought ____ plates.A. one dozen beautiful pale blue dinnerB. one dozen pale blue beautiful dinnerC. beautiful one dozen pale blue dinnerD. one dozen dinner beautiful pale blue4. More and more advanced farm machines ____ , the agricultural production increased tremendously.A. usingB. having usedC. having been usedD. to have been used5. I think you are supposed ____ your graduate study last year.A. to be finishingB. to have finishedC. to finishD. to have been finished6. The paper ____ several persons are risking their lives is an important report on missiles.A. after whichB. for whichC. with whichD. at which B)【句意】好多人冒着生命危险试图得到的那份文件是一份有关导弹的重要报告。

专业四级词汇语法复习的技巧有哪些对于英语专业的学生来说，专业四级考试是一个重要的关卡。

而词汇和语法作为英语学习的基础，在备考专业四级考试中占据着至关重要的地位。

掌握有效的复习技巧，可以帮助我们更高效地提升词汇量和语法水平，从而在考试中取得优异的成绩。

接下来，我将为大家分享一些专业四级词汇语法复习的实用技巧。

一、词汇复习技巧1、制定合理的学习计划词汇的积累是一个长期的过程，因此制定一个合理的学习计划是非常必要的。

可以根据自己的时间和精力，将需要掌握的词汇分成若干个小组，每天安排一定的时间进行学习和复习。

同时，要注意合理安排学习的进度，避免过于紧张或过于宽松。

2、多种方式记忆词汇单纯的死记硬背往往效果不佳，我们可以采用多种方式来记忆词汇。

比如，可以通过联想法，将新学的词汇与已知的事物、场景或经历联系起来，这样更容易记住；还可以利用词根词缀法，掌握常见的词根词缀，有助于推测生词的意思；此外，制作单词卡片，随时随地进行复习，也是一个不错的方法。

3、阅读中积累词汇阅读是扩大词汇量的有效途径。

通过阅读英语文章，我们可以接触到各种语境下的词汇，不仅能够更好地理解词汇的用法，还能加深记忆。

在阅读过程中，遇到不认识的单词，不要急于查字典，可以先根据上下文猜测词义，阅读结束后再进行查阅和整理。

4、运用词汇学习词汇的目的是为了运用，因此要积极创造机会运用所学的词汇。

可以通过写作、口语练习等方式，将词汇融入到实际的语言表达中，这样能够更加牢固地掌握词汇。

5、利用词汇软件和工具现在有很多优秀的词汇学习软件和在线工具，如百词斩、沪江开心词场等。

这些工具可以根据我们的学习情况制定个性化的学习方案，还提供了各种有趣的学习方式和测试，有助于提高学习的积极性和效果。

二、语法复习技巧1、系统学习语法知识首先，要对英语语法的体系有一个全面、系统的了解。

可以选择一本权威的语法教材，按照章节逐一学习，掌握各种语法规则和用法。

在学习过程中，要注意做好笔记，整理归纳重点和难点。

1. He came to know that the knowledge from books can be useful only __ it is linked with practice.A. asB. whenC. whileD. for1. B)【句意】他逐渐认识到，书本上的知识只有与实践相结合才能有用。

【难点】as 作连词时，一般意为“正当…时候”。

While作连词时，一般连接的两个动作同时或几乎同时发生。

when意为“当…时候”，前加only是为强调，only when是一习惯组合。

2. Silk, printing, paper, the compass and powder originated in China, and ____ introduction in the west had far reaching effects.A. theseB. theirC. thoseD. its2. B)【句意】丝绸，印刷，纸张，指南针和火药源于中国，它们的引进给西方造成了深远的影响。

【难点】introduction 单数，所以不能用these.5. The problem is believed ____ at the meeting two days ago.A. to have discussedB. to have been discussedC. being discussedD. having been discussed5．B)【句意】这一问题肯定在两天之前的会议上讨论过。

【难点】跟在believe, think，consider 等词后面作主语补足语的成分一般为动词不定式。

6. Ultrasonic sounds produce pulsed signals ____various defects in metal can be detected.A. for whichB. of whichC. as a result of whichD. by means of which 6．D)【句意】超声波能产生脉冲信号，通过这些信号就能检测出金属中的各种缺陷。

1. Revolution means ____the productiveforces.A. to liberateB. liberatedC. liberateD. liberating2. Variables such as individual and corporate behaviour ____nearly impossible for economiststo forecast economic trend with precision.A. makeB. make itC. makingD. makes it3. Home is home, ____ ever so homely.A. it isB. it wereC. be itD. it be4. Mary is ____ than Alice.A. more experienced a teacherB. a more experienced teacherC. more an experienced teacherD. more experienced teacher5. Arriving at the bus stop, ____ waiting there.A. a lot of people wereB. he found a lot of peopleC. a lot of peopleD. people were found6. She has taken great pains to conceal her emotions, and thereby made them ____conspicuous.A. all the moreB. all the muchC. all moreD. all much7. He didn’t go to the party, but he does wish he____there.A. would beB. has beenC. would have beenD. had been8. It was recommended that passengers ____smoke during the flight.A. notB. need notC. could notD. would not9. Only take such clothes ____reallynecessary.A. as wereB. as they areC. as they wereD. as are10. They lost their way in the forest, and ____made matter worse was that night began to fall.A. thatB. whatC. itD. which11. Bargaining can go on the whole day, or even several days, with the customer coming and going ____.A. in placesB. at intervalsC. in personD. at large12. Human behaviour is mostly a product of learning, ____the behavior of an animal depends mainly on instinct.A. otherwiseB. whereasC. unlessD. nevertheless13. She ____ a little map for me on the back ofmy invitation.A. plannedB. slippedC. sketchedD. worked14. If someone is a witness, then he has to ____in court.A. augmentB. testifyC. certifyD. betray15. Richard’s news report covering the conferencewas so ____that nothing had been omitted.A. comprehensiveB. integratedC. redundantD. productive16. Teachers like students to be ____ and listensto what they are saying.A. cordialB. watchfulC. cumulativeD. attentive17. The captain of the ship ____ the passengersthat there was no danger.A. assumedB. insuredC. assuredD. ensured18. The educational ____ of computers has notbeen fully realized.A. versionB. valueC. qualityD. goal19. Is it possible to make an early ____ to havemy hair cut tomorrow?A. enrollmentB. engagementC. appointmentD. arrangement20. After I heard that I took a deferred pass in chemistry, I was in a ____ emotional state.A.greatlyB. highlyC.doubtfullyD. nervously21. Since I could not see anything through the microscope, ____my careful adjustment, I gaveup.A. for allB. above allC. after allD. in all22. When the Victorians had family reunions, thehosts ____their way to entertain the guests.A. went in forB. went overC. went out ofD. went back on23. The washing machine factory guaranteed that all ____parts would be replaced withoutcharge.A. disappearingB. unusedC. defectiveD. miss24. It was reported that the ____ concerning theaccident would be handled by the chief of police.A. recordingB. gossipC. explorationD. inquiry25. While they were away on vacation, theyallowed their mail to ____ at the post office.A. pile upB. set upC. turn upD. mix up试题答案与解析1．D)【句意】革命意味着解放生产力。

一、考纲要求及语法知识常考点（一）动词的基本时态、语态的构成及其用法2. 动词的语态1) 不能用于被动语态的动词和短语（1）在英语中，不及物动词不能用于被动语态，但有些不及物动词（包括短语）容易引起误用。

如：appear, belong to, die, escape, fall, happen, last, succeed, occur, take place, consist of。

Our success belongs to all the people present. 我们的成功属于在座的每一个人。

（2）某些表示状态或特征的及物动词，如：become, contain, cost, fit, have, resemble, suit也没有被动语态。

2) 少数动词的主动语态有时有被动的意思（专业四级英语重要考点）例1：The book is selling remarkably well.这本书卖得很好例2：The song sounds very beautiful. 这首歌听起来很优美。

能这样用的动词还有read（读起来），clean（擦起来），wash（洗起来），write（写起来）。

例3：My watch needs cleaning. (= My watch needs to be cleaned).能像need这样用的动词还有：want, require, deserve等。

例4：The meat is cooking.例5：The shop doesn’t open（营业）on Sunday. 试比较：The door was opened by Tom.3) 注意几个基本句型．（专业四级英语重要考点）It is said …（据说）.，It is reported …（据报道）, It is widely believed（人们广泛认为）; It is expected …（据期望，应该）It is estimated…. ( 据估计), It was said…, It was believed … It was thought …( 以前人们认为．．．)。

2016英语专业四级考试词汇语法突击（11）附答案详解1.?____?, he is always modest.?A. With all his profound knowledge ?B. Because of all his profound knowledge?C. With his all profound knowledge ?D. For his profound knowledge?2. His honesty is ?____? ; nobody can doubt it.?A. in questionB. out of question?C. beside the questionD. without question?3. When cooking a delicious dish, this kind of spice ?____? into account.?A. must be takenB. was taken?C. had been takenD. would have been taken?4. It was not until he took up fishing that he ?____? to relax.?A. had been beginningB. began ?C. had begunD. beginning?5. Not only you but also I ?____? mistaken on this point.?A. areB. wereC. haveD. am?6. Twenty pounds ?____? enough for such a poor family spend for a month.?A. wereB. beingC. have beenD. was?7. The president of the college, together with the deans, ?____? planning a conference for thepurpose of laying down a series of regulations.?A. wereB. areC. isD. will?8. Many a person ?____? at the gate of the department store.?A. is standingB. are standing?C. have been standingD. have stood?9. “I got to my office on time.”“What if your car?____?”??A. would broken downB. broke down?C. breaks downD. had broken down?10. If the weather had been more favorable, the crops ?____?still better.?A. will be growingB. are growing?C. would have been growingD. would be growing?11. Before the invention of refrigeration, the ?____? of fish andmeat was a thorny problem.?A. keepingB. maintaining?C. protectionD. preservation?12. A sudden movement caught the pony’s attention and he instantly became ?____? and alert.?A. doubtfulB. suspicious?C. suspectingD. hesitating13. During their first teacher?training year, the students often visited local schools for the ?____?of lessons.?A. investigationB. observation?C. inspectionD. observance?14. I’ll be very glad that you agree to?____? this matter.?A. look upB. look for ?C. look overD. look into?15. As there was a power cut in the hospital, the surgeon had to ?____? the operation.?A. call forB. call off ?C. call onD. call out?16. From ancient times, the valley of the Nile has been made ?____? by the river floods.?A. famousB. desertedC. attractiveD. fertile?17. The manager made a far?seeing decision ?____? what she had said.?A. in the light ofB. in the course of?C. in favor ofD. in the face of?18. Each household ?____? five pounds of meat every month.?A. availedB. allocated?C. was endowed withD. was entitled to?BACDA CBDCA CDBCD CDA。

专四词汇语法突击13（附答案详解）1.itwasn’tsuchagooddinner____shehadpromisedus.a.thatb.whichc.asd.what2.能够承受压力。

a、拜安德拉吉。

顺便说一下。

拜诺曼斯。

回归3.bythetimewereachanagreement,theapprovals____.a.willbegotb.havebeengotc.shall havebeengotd.aregot4.世贸中心的顶部有410米高，是世界上最著名的建筑。

a.ofwhichb.whichc.ofwhosed.that5.Doctorgodwin博士说，有什么强有力的论点可以阻止吸烟有很多人坚持吸烟。

a、多想。

然而。

流浪者。

但是6.____manytimes,thisradioreceiverisfoundverysensitive.a.beingtestedb.havingbee ntestedc.havingtestedd.testing7.如果交通问题很快得到解决，那么就不可能进行驾驶。

8.onthisbusyroaddriversoughttobeespeciallycareful,____?a.oughtitb.oughtn’tthe yc.oughtn’titd.don’tthey.a、迪德雷特恩。

hedidreturnc。

这里是艾德。

他转过身来10.____hiseyeswhenshetoldhimthatitwastimeforthemtoleave.a.hardlyhadheopenedb.s carcelydidheopenc.nosoonerdidheopend.hehadnosooneropened11.谢哈斯·阿斯辛格；她正在接受训练。

a、能力b。

能力。

天才。

能力12.theatomicclockis____towithin3secondsinacentury.a.exactb.clearc.accurated.ex plicit13.这种意识正在转变为。

专四备考资料词汇语法总结一、词汇部分。

1. abandon [əˈbændən]（动词）- 释义：放弃；抛弃；放纵。

- 例句：Don't abandon your dreams easily.（不要轻易放弃你的梦想。

）2. ability [əˈbɪləti]（名词）- 释义：能力；才能。

- 例句：He has the ability to solve difficult problems.（他有解决难题的能力。

）3. abnormal [æbˈnɔːml]（形容词）- 释义：反常的；不正常的。

- 例句：The weather is abnormal this year.（今年的天气很反常。

）4. aboard [əˈbɔːd]（副词/介词）- 释义：在（船、飞机、车）上；上船；登机。

- 例句：All passengers aboard the plane are required to fasten their seat belts.（飞机上的所有乘客都被要求系好安全带。

）5. abolish [əˈbɒlɪʃ]（动词）- 释义：废除；废止（法律、制度、习俗等）- 例句：They decided to abolish the old rules.（他们决定废除旧规则。

）二、语法部分。

1. 时态。

- 一般现在时。

- 结构：主语+动词原形（第三人称单数加 -s或 -es）- 用法：表示经常发生的动作、存在的状态或客观事实。

- 例句：He often goes to school by bike.（他经常骑自行车去上学。

）- 一般过去时。

- 结构：主语+动词的过去式。

- 用法：表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。

- 例句：I saw him yesterday.（我昨天见到他了。

）- 现在进行时。

- 结构：主语+am/is/are+动词的 -ing形式。

- 用法：表示此时此刻正在进行的动作。

专四语法重点总结一、代词、名词、数次1. 在使用两个以上的人称代词时顺序是:第二人称第三人称第一人称2. everyone后面不可以跟of短语every one 就可以3. 以‘名词/动名词+介词（短语）/形容词/副词/动词不定式’构成的复合名词，它的复数形式是将作为主要部分的名词或动名词变为复数直接来源于短语或以可数名词结尾的复合名词的复数形式是将最后一个构词部分变为复数以‘man 或者woman+名词’构成的复合名词的复数形式是将两个组成部分全变成复数以不可数名词结尾的复合名词无复数形式如：homework4. 物质名词一般不可数，但用于表示‘各种不同品种’时几乎都可做可数名词如：different teas5. 当抽象名词前后有修饰语表示‘某一种’或‘某一方面’的抽象概念时其前可加a/an6. 名词所有格要点：必须用’s的场合1 )’s属格用于表示时间，度量衡，价值的名词之后2 ) 作为一个整体的词组在最后一个词加’s3) 人或物为两人共有，在第二个名词后加’s4 )当所有格后面的名词是人们熟悉的建筑物如商店，住家，教堂，医院等，此名词常省略5) 复合名词在最后一个词后加’s6) 当被修饰的名词后有同位语时，必须用’s7) 当用来表示类别或属性时，要用’s children’s shoes 儿童鞋必须用of的场合1) 名词后跟有后置修饰语或同位语时2) 以定冠词加分词或形容词表示一类人时7. 如果dozen/score/hundred/thousand/million前有基数词以表示确切数目时，都不能用复数形式如果用来表示很多有不确切的数目时，须用复数，而且后面加of8.表示顺序的两种方式：1)‘名词+基数词’，不用冠词，如Chapter four2) ’the+序数词+名词‘如the Fourth Chapter9. 倍数增减的表示法1) 倍数+形容词/副词比较级+than2) 倍数+as+形容词/副词+as3) 倍数+名词4) 动词+百分比或倍数5) 动词+to+数词6) double/triple/quadruple+名词7) 动词+by+数词/百分比/倍数10. 分数分子为基数词，分母为序数词分母除了在分子为一的其他情况下为复数11. 百分比后接名词时加of二、形容词、副词1 前置修饰语的排列顺序可以置于冠词前的形容词（all both such) -----冠词，指示形容词，所有格形容词，不定形容词（a an the this your his any some)-----------基数词（one ) 序数词（first)------------ 表示性质，状态，质量的形容词（good useful)--------------表示大小，长短，形状的形容词----------------表示年龄，新旧，温度的形容词------------表示颜色的形容词---------------------表示国籍，产地，区域的形容词-----------表示材料，用做形容词的名词----------动名词，分词2．后置修饰语由前缀a-构成的形容词3．形容词修饰由some-,any-,every-,no-,-body,-one,-thing等组成的复合不定代词时，必须后置4．enough作形容词修饰名词时既可放前又可放后，但当它作副词修饰形容词或副词时，必须后置5．有些形容词本身就有‘比……年长’，‘比……优等的意思这些形容词后面用介词to 而不用than6．much too 作为副词短语修饰形容词或副词，不修饰名词7．more 不能用来修饰比较级8．与名词连用的more of a .. ./ as much of a... / more of a.... 意为更像……9．as much of a……意为称得上，less of a 意为算不上10．none other than(不是别人，正是）=no other than11．any/sone/every与other连用时，其后若用可数名词，一般为单数三、情态动词、虚拟语气1．can 用于否定句cannot(help)but表示不能不，只能（but后跟不带to的动词不定式）2．must 表示禁止，一定不要时的否定式为mustn’t 当它表示有把握的推断时意为一定准是时它的否定形式为can’t3．need doing=need to be done 这个句型表示被动意味4．need not have done sth 表示本来没有必要做某事（经常考）虚拟语气1．It is (high/about/the)time... 谓语动词用过去式指现在或将来的情况表示早该做某事而现在已经有点晚了2．It is the first(second/third)time后的that从句中，谓语动词要用完成体来表示一种经验3．as if/though 的虚拟要点1) 对当时事实的假设，从句谓语用过去式，be动词一律用were2)对过去事实的假设，从句谓语用过去完成式3)对未来事实的假设，从句谓语用would+动词原型五、比较级比较等级的含义:英语中形容词与副词有三个比较等级，即原级，比较级和最高级。