15选10
Have you ever know anyone famous?......heard them ob/protests/wo/fa/or/al/wa/cr/de/ba
K/G/C/E/N/O/I/L/A/D
Have you ever heard of Jon Stewart?......and government ind/col/de/su/inf/sp/inq/ob/ro/un
I/J/B/D/E/G/F/L/N/A
What happens in America......supposed to notif/co/pe/ne/rece/prov/oc/misu/ri/reco
M/E/G/A/H/C/I/K/O/D
Mr. Li runs a small trade......Internet and transm/dis/in/te/ac/ad/su/po/pr/hi
L/N/D/E/H/I/F/O/J/B
How do you spend your time when.....type of th/so/interr/be/sh/intera/com/ref/st/ra
K/H/M/B/A/O/J/D/F/I
In the past several years......have ne/co/br/ex/in/scratc/ac/sh/unv/exploi
O/E/G/I/J/B/K/N/M/D
The Dsiney Legends program was.....to ac/cr/ce/gi/im/an/re/de/fe/rep
L/J/E/I/D/N/B/O/A/G
完形填空
“So you want ......to seek/per/lu/wo/fa/un/su/bo/if/co/co/diss/expl/as l/cl/pi/cr/discour/wher/ac BACDB/ABACA/DCDAC/DBCAD
It is doubtful......centry th/fe/sh...off/ap/sp/cl/defe/ser/called/pa/or/ho/pl/su/bo/for/when/whi/de/ev CBCBA/CDADC/DAACB/DACBA
The challenges faced.....wha/of/why/wi/co...ac/esp/bu/ch/con/ul/wi/pr/oc/rew/lo...at/op/re/av/va/to BCADB/ADCAB/DACBD/BCADB
We are living...getting left b/ca/th/ov/lo...to/ac/di/ini/ut/st/re/re/re/ta/at s/br/ga/sa/to/when CDABB/CDBCD/ACBDC/DBACC
Have you ever...the fact th/so/fa/dis/cr/so/sp/goi/pr/la/ti/no...b/si/ch/as/ab/bo/sh/bo/in
BDABC/CDDBA/CBACD/BCADC
Bribery may lead...the scene/pr/cl/pi/es/su/to/vi/sh/qu/inv/inv/concl/cont/consci/wh/od/fa/si/ar ADCBB/DACCA/BDBAC/DBCDB
Some pe...has rea/la/em/fig/cr/cl/approp/signs/as we/chat/on/concede/es/as/po/within/of/re/bu/und BBDCA/CBDCA/BCDAB/CABDA
听力
My first memories...In honesty/audiences/regularity/plot/character/mismatched/hopelessly/gift / My parents and grandparents were there to hear Chaplin’s influence on my brief musical career /Charlie was knighted by Queen Elizabeth in 1975/Inscribed on it were the words“The comic geni us who gave pleasure to so many”
Cuts in welfare...would afford/describe/cheat/declared/occur/expect them to bow down to
them/when any help is asked for/they are being lied to
Many developing countries...to invest/compete/promote/facilities/electronically/major//fear/partic ular/underdeveloped/determined
I find it wholesome...in company/wearisome/companionable /chambers/ intervene/solitary/loneso me/mercy/ hence he wonders how the student can sit alone in the house all night /he does not reali ze that the student, though in the house, is still at work in his field/in turn seeks the same recreatio n and society that the latter does, though it may be a more condensed form of it.
Corruption also is...been improving/market/economics/reformed/worsening/bribes/possbility/burri er/corruption/pulish/withdraw
1.我们应该不遗余力地美化我们的环境。 We should spare no effort to beautify our environment. 2. 在建立个人网站前，先问问自己，为什么想要一网站，想要达到的目标是什么。 Before you build a personal site， ask yourself why you want one， and what you want to accomplish. 3. 在造访一个提供网站空间服务的网站时，你会看到种类繁多的方案可供选择，哪一种价位可以给你多少网络空间及多大的传输流量。 When you visit the site of a Web host，you’ll see a wide variety of plans-so much space and so much network traffic for so much money. 4. 典型的网站包括图像、文字及图片，比较精心制作的网站还有动画、影像、声音和其他额外的内容。 Web site typically contain graphics， texts and pictures， while more elaborate ones include animation，video， audio and other extras. 5. 关于网站设计，有许多是很吸引人的，也有许多则令人泄气。 There are many things about Web sites that are appealing and many that are just plain frustrating. 6. Pizza came to the U. S. with Italian immigrants; the first U. S. pizzeria opened in 1905， and pizza became one of the nation’s favourite foods after World War Ⅱ。 It is now popular worldwide. (英译汉)比萨随着意大利移民引进美国;1905年第一家美国比萨店开业了，第二次世界大战后比萨成为全美国最喜爱的食物之一。现在比萨畅销全世界。 1.这架班机正点起飞吧? Is the plane on schedule? 2.准备好机票与登机牌。 Let’s get our tickets and boarding pass ready. 3.如果有退票的，请通知我。 Please notify me if there is any cancellation. 4.请于起飞前一小进到达机场。 Please be at the airport at least one hour before departure? You’ll be late if you don’t arrive in one hour before leaving. 5.我需要提前多少天付款订票? How long in advance of the flight must I pay to confirm the booking? 6. Promises are often like the butterfly， which disappear after beautiful hover。(英译汉) 承诺常常很像蝴蝶，美丽地盘旋然后不见。 1.只要走一下就到了吗? Is it within walking distance? 2.我儿子骑在我肩上看游行。 My son rode pickaback on me to watch the parade. 3.其实我一点都不喜欢我现在的工作。 The fact of the matter is I’m not enjoying my new job at all. 4.他有边吃饭边抽烟那让人讨厌的习惯。 He has the irritating habit of smoking during meals. 5.如果我今早没忘了把油箱加满，我们不会没油的。 If I hadn’t forgotten to fill up the tank this morning，we wouldn’t be out of gas. there any charter flights?(英译汉) 有包机航班吗? 1、A：有什么我可以为您效劳的吗?
Unit 1 Ⅰ. Useful Expressions 1. 被系在…上be attached to… 2. 探索行为exploratory behavior 3. 偶尔on occasion 4. 父母的责任parental duties 5. 揭示，阐明throw light on 6. 最终目的an ultimate purpose 7. 要做的动作desired action 8. 所希望的结果desirable outcome 9. 关键critical point 10. 育儿观 value of child rearing 11. 弥补某种错误行为making up for a misdeed 12. 回想起来in retrospect 13. 善意的well-intentioned 14. 前来帮助某人come to sb.’s rescue 15. 极其熟练、温和地with extreme facility and gentleness 16. 适用于apply to 17. 发展到evolve to 18. 发展创造力promote creativity 19. 值得追求的目标worthwhile goals Ⅵ. Sentence Translation 1. But one of the most telling lessons Ellen and I got in the difference between Chinese and American ideas of education came not in the classroom but in the lobby of the Jinling Hotel where we stayed in Nanjing. (=然而，我和艾伦获得的有关中美教育观念差异的最难忘的体验并非来自课堂，而是来自我们在期间寓居的金陵饭店的大堂。) 2. He probably got as much pleasure out of the sounds the key made as he did those few times when the key actually found its way into the slot. (=他从钥匙声响中得到的乐趣大概跟他偶尔把钥匙成功地塞进槽口而获得的乐趣一样多。) 3. I soon realized that this incident was directly relevant to our assigned tasks in China: to investigate the ways of early childhood education (especially in the arts), and to throw light on Chinese attitudes toward creativity. (=我很快意识到，这件小事与我们在中国要做的工作直接相关：考察儿童早期教育（尤其是艺术教育）的方式，揭示了中国人对创造性活动的态度。) 4. 我的中国同行，除了少数几个人外，对此事的态度与金陵饭店工作人员一样。(= With a few exceptions my Chinese colleagues displayed the same attitude as the staff at the Jinling Hotel.)
一.同义词 16.Children may ridicule other children new to a neighborhood. A. make fun of 17.It is useless to attempt to flee from every danger, some risks must be taken. C. run away 18.Many pure metals have little use because they are too soft, rust too easily, or have some other drawbacks. B. disadvantages 19.Magazines are the fifth most important advertising medium, and magazine advertising requires a substantial investment from advertisers. D. considerable 20.Efforts to ameliorate housing conditions for the poor were halted because government funds were cut off. C. improve 21.Because of the close collaboration of architect and builder, the building was completed ahead of schedule. B. joint work 22.After World War , the Vietnamese believed that the French would allow them to be an autonomous people. A. self-governing 23.Physical well-being presupposes that one should vary his diet and often have some wholesome food. C. healthful 24.The layout of the book, with the text on the left and the notes on the right, makes it a pleasure to use. B. arrangement 25.A child leaving home before he is ready is analogous to bird trying to leave the nest before it can fly. D. similar 单选 26.He had always been oblivious to the way Ruth looked, and had never once paid her a compliment. 27.I like the professor's lecture because he amplified his lecture with some vivid slide shows. 28.On the seminar the historians still cannot agree on the date on which the particular war commenced . 29.Despite the news that her son had been dead years ago, she still clung to the hope that he would return some day. 30.During the night a person's temperature may drop one or two degrees, and it can be difficult to arouse him in the morning if his body hasn't become hot yet. 31.The farmers were more anxious for rain than the people in the city because they had more at stake. 32.Man often wonders how the earth evolved from a hot, violent birth to the celebrated watery planet that stands out in pictures from space. 33.When business is depressed , there is usually an obvious increase in unemployment. 34.Social structure organization is simply the way that people, groups, and institutions are organized with respect. to one another. 35.One of the reasons for his popularity in our village is that he asks after almost everyone every time when he comes back from the big city. 二.同义词 16.The winner was deprived of his gold medal because he was found to have taken stimulants before the race. C. was deprived of 17.The army launched a major assault against the rebel army and many citizens joined the army. A. attack 18.Because Charles had forgotten his key, he was locked out. B. unable to in 19.His behavior had been perturbing me more than had cared to admit. D. troubling 20.Lighting levels are carefully controlled to fall within an acceptable level for optimal reading convenience. A. ideal 21It is said that you can intimidate your enemies by speaking in a low voice and carrying a big stick. C. frighten 22 .If you know in advance that the examination is going to be easy, you have no incentive to study very much. D. motive 23.The soldier discovers martial stirrings in his breast as he puts on his uniform. B. excitement 24.Many pure metals have little use because they are too soft, rust too easily, or have some other drawbacks. C. disadvantages 25.You'll succeed in the final examination if you stick to your belief that you are not a failure. A. adhere to 单选 26Care should be taken to decrease the length of time that one is subjected to loud continuous noise. 27.The teacher set up those obstacles for no other purpose than to challenge the students to overcome them. 28.The police who was lack of experiences was completely, taken in by the thief's disguise. 29.My aunt wound a brightly-colored thread round her finger so as not to forget her appointment. 30.They could not go to the theater together because his free time never coincides with hers. 31.A (n) personnel manager has a variety of role relations with people occupying related statuses. 32.This is a difficult job that needs to be tackled whole-heartedly-not ply at. 33.The curtain had risen hardly when shot startled the audience. 34.He would go to endless trouble to help anyone he thought worthy of encouragement. 35.Some professors prefer to control discussion while others prefer to guide the class without dominating it. 三.同义词 16. If you know in advance that the examination is going to be easy, you have no incentive to study very much. B. motive 17.The mother soothed the disappointed child and then promised to take him on a picnic as soon as it stopped raining. D. comforted 18.It is not easy to remain tranquil when events suddenly change your life. C. calm 19.Sales are an accurate gauge of a book's popularity rather than a representation of it's real value. A. criterion 20.Because Charles had forgotten his key, he was locked out. D. unable to in 21.The army launched a major assault against the rebel army and many citizens joined the army. B. attack 22.The winner was deprived of his gold medal because he was found to have taken stimulants before the race. A. was deprived of 23.At the international conference on the nuclear weapons several dissenting statements were made. D. opposing 24.The dominant theme is of tranquility and peacefulness. C. major 25.A conservative person opposes change and too many new ideas. A. unprogressive 单选 26.It is very likely that the Martian will also be adapted to underground existence, for conditions are much more equable underground. 27.The medicine scientists discovered that the prime reason for her lung cancer is excessive smoking. 28.The interviewer interpreted the applicant's late arrival as a sign of disorganization, undependability or lack of interest in the job. 29.After about an early age of 13, perceptions have already been formed and ambitions cast. 30.South Africa's black majority got its first real say in governing early last December. 31.Technology has facilitated the sharing of information and the storage and 32.delivery of information, thus making more information available to more people. 32.Jack is the very person who can be entrusted with either money or secret information. 33.He stopped the car so abruptly that he was hit by the car behind him. 34.The black people launched civil movement, struggling for abolition of slavery. 35.After a long journey, the tourists who experienced danger and hardship reached their destination at length.
中考英语翻译-英汉互译（含解析） (后附详细答案) (绝对精品试题，提高实战能力，值得下载打印背诵) 一、翻译 1.翻译下列句子 （1）Daniel needs to________ （改变他的生活方式）now. （2）Do they need to buy ________ （两千克胡萝卜）? （3）The hair clip________ （和我的粉色外套搭配）. I'll take it. （4）I want to buy some presents________ （和Amy的不同）. （5）She always walks a long way to school, so she________ （最需要一双鞋）. （6）They visit houses and ________ （和里面的人玩游戏）. （7）________ （欣赏满月）is not much fun for children. （8）The jeans look quite nice. May I________ （试穿一下）? （9）Some dogs just don’t know ________（怎样取乐）. （10）Apple juice ________ （尝起来好）. 2.我明白了，你是—名老师。 ________ ________ ．You are a teacher． 3.根据汉语提示，用句末括号内的英语单词完成句子。 （1）昨天哈利上学迟到了。 Harry ________ school yesterday. (be) （2）王先生因病住院了，他的女儿正在照顾他。 Mr. Wang is ill in hospital and now his daughter ________ him. (take) （3）很多废弃物能变成像纸一样的材料。 Many waste things ________ a paper-like material. (turn)
考研翻译重点词汇 Abstract n.摘要，概要，抽象 adj.抽象的，深奥的，理论的 Accelerate vt.&vi.（使）加快，（使）增速， n.接受速成教育的学生 Account (1)看法,认识 (2)解释,说明 Account for 占…(多大)比重; 解释, 说明 Achievement n.成就；成绩；功绩，达到；完成 Acquire vt.得到，养成，vt 获得；招致，学得（知识等），求得，养成（习惯等），捕获， Action n.作用，动[操]作，行动，机械装置[作用]，（小说等中的）情节 Activity n.活动，活动的事物，活动性，机能，功能 Actually adv.现实的，实际的；目前的；明确的，有效的 Additional adj.增加的，额外的，另外的 Advance vt.&vi.（使）前进，（使）发展；促进， vt.提出 Advantage n.利益，便利，有利方面，有利条件；优点；优势， （网球等）打成平手（deuce ）而延长比赛后一方先得的一分（攻方所得称 advantage in ，守方所得则称 advantage out ） Agree vi.一致；相合同意，赞成约定，允诺，答应，相宜，调和，符合，和睦相处 Almost adv.几乎，差不多，差一点；将近 Amount n.量，数量，数额，总额，总数 vi.合计，共计 An immense amount of … 大量 An amount of … 一些 A certain amount of … 某些 Analogous 与…类似, 与…相似 And 而, 然而 Apply … to … ≈ lie with 存在于,发生于 Approach vt.&vi.接近，走近，靠近； vt.接洽，交涉；着手处理； n.靠近，接近，临近 Appropriate adj.适当的，恰当的； vt.挪用；占用；盗用 Argue vt.&vi.争吵，辩论； vt.坚决主张，提出理由证明，说服，劝说 Arise vi.&link v.呈现；出现；发生； vi.起身，起来，起立 As 译为 (1) 像, 如 ; (2) 作为 As … as (比较的两者要一致) = not so … as 译成:“… 和 … 一样 ” As is mentioned above 如上所述, (如上所示,如图所示---作文可以写) Aspect n.方面，方位，朝向 Assert vt.声称，断言，维护，坚持 Assume vt.假设，认定, 臆断，猜想，假装，担，担任，就职 Attempt n.尝试，企图vt.尝试，企图 Augment vt.增加，提高，扩大； n.增加，提高，扩大 Availability n.可用性，有效性，实用性 Base n.基础，底座，基地，根据地 vt.把…建立在，以…为基础 Behavioral adj.动作的，行为方面的 Big bang 大爆炸理论 Branch n.树枝，枝条，支，分科，分系； vi.出枝，树叉 Breakthrough : 突破 Break prison (监狱)越狱 Break out v. 爆发 Out break: n. 爆发
【翻译原文】 自上世纪90年代后期起，七夕节(the Double SeventhFestival )开始被称为“中国的情人节”。这个节日可以追溯到汉朝，当时对恋人、女孩都是个特殊的日子。这天，女孩会举行仪式，向织女(Zhinv)乞求智慧、技艺和美满婚姻，所以七夕节还被称为“乞巧节(the Begging for SkillsFestival)”。如今，一些传统习俗已经弱化。人们现在把七夕节当作浪漫的情人节来庆祝，尤其是在年轻人中间。 【参考译文】 The Double Seventh Festival has been called ChineseValentine's Day since the late 1990s. The festival canbe traced back to the Han Dynasty. It was then aspecial day not only for lovers, but also for girls.Girls would hold a ceremony to beg Zhinv forwisdom, skills and a satisfying marriage. So it is also called “the Begging for Skills Festival”.Today some traditional customs have been weakened. Now the festival is celebrated as aromantic valentine's day, particularly among young people. 【翻译原文】 腊八节(the Laba Festival)在农历最后一个月的第八天庆祝，标志着春节庆祝活动的开始。“腊”指“腊月(the 12thlunar month)”，是农历第十二个月，“八”指的是数字8。腊八节通常在1月中旬。大多数汉族人遵循腊八节喝腊八粥(Laba rice porridge)的习俗。腊八粥最早在宋朝传入中国。据史料记载，一些大型寺庙会为穷人提供腊八粥来表达对佛祖(Buddha)的虔诚。明朝时，腊八粥成为皇帝在此节日赏赐群臣的神圣食物。 【参考译文】 Laba Festival is celebrated on the eighth day of thelast lunar month, marking the beginning ofcelebrating the Chinese Spring Festival. La means the12th lunar month and ba means the number eight.The date usually falls in mid-January. The majorityof people from Han nationality has followed the tradition of eating Laba rice porridge on theLaba Festival. Laba rice porridge was first introduced to China in the Song Dynasty. Accordingto historical records, some large temples would offer the poor Laba rice porridge to show theirfaith to Buddha. In the Ming Dynasty, it became a holy food that emperors would use to awardtheir officials on the festival. 【翻译原文】 早在公元前200年中国人就开始食用面条，它在中国饮食中占据重要的地位，种类繁多，如鸡蛋面、米粉(rice noodles)，绿豆(mung bean )面和小麦面。在中国北方地区，小麦面条作为主食(staple food)比人米吃得多。米粉则在南方地区更普遍。中国面条有不同的宽度和厚度，似通常都较长，因为中国人认为这象征着长寿，因此面条经常出现在生日庆祝活动中，被称为长寿面(longevity noodles)。 【参考译文】 Noodles were eaten by Chinese as early as 200 BCand occupy an important position in Chinese food.It has many kinds, such as egg noodles, ricenoodles, mung bean noodles and wheat noodles. Inthe northern regions of China, wheat noodles arethe staple food and eaten more than rice. Rice noodles are more commonly consumed insouthern China. Chinese noodles are of varying width and thickness, but they are usually longbecause they
句子 1. ①It's an important matter. ②The article is full of matter. ③It is a matter of no laughing. ④After turning back from the post office, he had brought a lot of printed matter. 翻译： ①这事很要紧。 ②这篇文章内容丰富。 ③这个问题可不是开玩笑 ④从邮局回来后，他带回来一大堆印刷品。 2.①Modern communication facilities were equipped in each fishing boat, so the fishermen could get in touch with each other at any place. ②Regulations regarding the handing of hazardous wastes have become more stringent and complex. Facilities can no longer ignore their wastes. ③All the facilities in this lab should not be taken out without permission. ④The site ideally should have sufficient lands to provide a buffer zone between the facility and the public surrounding it.
1、语言观views on language ①structural view ②functional view ③ interactional view 2、语言学习观views on language learning ①behaviorist theory ②cognitive theory ③constructivist theory ④socio-constructivist theory 3、好教师的素质要素①ethic devotion ②professional qualities ③personal styles . ④补充的excellent teachers: flexibility, encouragement, enthusiasm, leading by example, integrity, never stop learning, good communication. 4、语言教学的最终目标the ultimate goal of ELT: the ultimate of foreign language teaching is to enable students to use the foreign language in work or life when necessary. Thus we should teach that part of the language that will be used (rather than all part of the language). 5、交际能力communicative competence ①linguistic competence ②pragmatic competence ③discourse competence ④strategic competence ⑤fluency 6、交际语言教学的原则principles of Communicative Language Teaching ①communication principle ②task principle ③meaningfulness principle 7、评估交际教学的六个标准 6 criteria for evaluating communicate ①communicative purpose ②communicative desire ③content, not form ④variety of language ⑤no teacher intervention ⑥no materials control 8、任务型教学的特征task-based Language Teaching ①skill and knowledge ②process of doing, thinking in English ③product ④context ⑤purpose 9、任务型教学的定义和四要素：a piece of classroom work which involves learners in comprehending, manipulating, producing or interacting in the target language while their attention is principally focused on meaning rather than form. ①a purpose ②a context ③a process ④a product 10、设计任务时的四种问题four sets of question when designing tasks:①what is the objective of the task ②what is the content of the task ③how is the task to be carried out ④in what situation is the task to be carried out 11、设计任务的步骤①thinking about students’ needs, interests, and abilities ②brainstorm possible tasks ③evaluate the list ④choose the language items ⑤preparing materials 12、语言教学的目标（课程目标）Overall Language Ability ①language knowledge: phonetics, grammar, vocabulary, functions, topics ②language skills: listening, speaking, reading, writing ③learning strategy: cognitive, self management, communication, resourcing ④affect and attitude: international, perspectives, patriotism, confidence, motivation ⑤cultural awareness: knowledge, understanding, awareness. 13、教学计划lesson plan: a lesson plan is a framework of a lesson in which teachers make advance decisions about what they hope to achieve and how they would like to achieve it. In other words, teachers need to think about ①the aims to be achieved, ②materials to be covered, ③activities to be organized, and ④techniques and resources to be used in order to achieve the aims of the lesson. 14、好教学计划的原则principles for good lesson planning ①aim ②variety ③flexibility ④learnability ⑤linkage
译佳林翻译这里把的方法和技巧做个收集归纳，便于大家记忆和运用。 一、方面 ㈠.词义选择 大多数是多义的，时必须选择正确的词义。词义选择的方法有三:根据上下文和词的搭配选择、根据词类选择、根据专业选择。 ㈡.词义转换 在理解英文的原始意义基础上，时可根据汉语的习惯按引伸义译出；或用反义词语译出，即所谓的正文反译、反文正译。 ㈢.词类转换 中很多由动词转化而成的名词、以及动名词、非谓语动词等，汉译时可将它们转换成动词。 ㈣.补词 是指原文已有某种含义但未用直接表达，译文中需将这些含义补充进去，这样才更通顺易读，如：中数词与名词之间没有量词，而译成汉语时可酌情增加。 ㈤.省略 是指原文中某些词在译文中省略不译，只要并不影响意义的完整。如：上面讲的汉语“量词”，译成时则可以省略；又如：中大量使用物主代词而汉语中往往省略不用。 ㈥.并列与重复
在表达重复含义的并列结构中常采用共享、替代、转换等形式来避免重复，而汉语却常常有意重复表达以加强文字的力度，如：的物主代词替代前面的名词，短语动词只重复介词而省略主动词，汉译时可考虑重复表达。 二、句子结构方面 子结构方面的技巧，主要有三种类型：语序类、组合类和转换类。 ㈠.语序类 1. 顺译法与逆译法 第三书中讲句子顺序时谈到，时间状语可前可后。不仅如此在表达结果、条件、说明等定语从句、状语从句也很灵活，既可以先述也可以后述。而汉语表达往往是按时间或逻辑的顺序进行的，因此，顺译法也罢逆译法也罢，其实都是为了与汉语的习惯相一致。表达与汉语一致的就顺译，相反的则逆译。 有时候顺译法与逆译法的差别,就象前面谈的正译与反译,依译者的爱好而定。 2. 前置法 中较短的限定性定语从句、表身份特征等的同位语在译成汉语时，往往可以提到先行词（中心词）的前面。 3. 分起总叙与总起分叙 长句子和句子嵌套现象在中比较普遍，这是因为的连词、关系代词、关系副词等虚词比较活跃、生成能力强，可构成并列句、复合句以及它们的组合形式。 嵌套罗列而成的长句确实给理解和都带来了一定困难。但联想到第三书中介绍的逻辑语法分析方法却又令人思路豁然明亮。 长句虽然长，但它既称为“句”，毕竟可以提炼成一个主干和由若干个定语从句、状语从句等构成的说明部分。用“三秋树法则”可简化出这个主干。 根据句子阐述的内容和汉语的思维习惯，采用分起总叙或总起分叙法即可。 总起分叙，就是先把句子的主干译出，然后分别译出其它说明部分，即先归纳后叙述；分起总叙，就是先叙述后总结。