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中考语文总复习语音字词短语

中考语文总复习语音字词短语
中考语文总复习语音字词短语

2009年中考语文总复习语音、字词、短语

【复习目标】

1、掌握汉语的基本常识,区别同音字及多音多义字.

2、辨析、运用同义词,多义词,学会改正使用不当的词语.

3、正确理解运用成语、歇后语、谚语等。

【金点巧指】

1、掌握汉语拼音的拼写规则,认真掌握生字,生词,识记特殊字词,尤其是形声字,对于易错字要思考比较,弄清错因,强化复习。

2、大量积累词语,并及时理解,弄清词语各方面的知识,注意词语的理解与运用。注意同义词、近义词的细微区别。

①能辨析多义词的意义。了解基本义、引申义和比喻义。如“深”的本义是从上到下或由外到里的距离大,“他们的友谊很深”就使用引申义。尽管多义词有多个意义,但在具体语境中只有一个意义,要注意在具体语境中辨别。

②能辨析使用同义词。要从注音,从词语的应用范围、语意轻重、感情色彩、程度的深浅、词语搭配、词法语法功能等方面加以区别,特别注意词语本身意义与人们常常错误理解的词语。

③能辨析使用不当的词语,并加以改正。一是同义词、近义词的混用;二是词语的误用,主要不按语法功能和语言习惯使用;三是望文生义,错用词语;四是生造词语和指代不明。

④能正确理解和运用成语。成语多是由四个字组成,一般不能随便更换,意义要从整体上理解。对于一些典故不要望文生义,要结合具体语境选择和使用。

注意积累所学文言文中的成语。

3、掌握词语解释的方法,如:定义法,比喻形容法,分解合成法,替换法,探源法等。

【中考例析】

1、根据拼音书写汉字,或根据汉字写拼音。

(1)同学们xìng zhì àng rán地观看着guī lì qí miào的流星雨,一边聆听仇老师讲解星宿的知识。根据拼音书写汉字___ ____ , _ __ ____。

(2) 这腰鼓,使冰冷的空气立即变得zào 热了,使恬()静的阳光立即变得飞jiàn 了,使困倦的世界立即变得亢()奋了。(2006年泉州市)

.2.下列词语中有3个错别字,先用横线标出,然后改正。(3分)

涕泗横流顶礼模拜无与伦比霍然贯通

兼而有之敬业乐群有列可援通宵达旦

改正:

3.请结合语境,选择恰当的词语填在下面横线上(填序号)。(3分)

备选词语:①丰硕果实②饮水思源③春华秋实④源远流长

⑤投桃报李⑥春风化雨

吃水的时候,感激挖井的人,,我们更加珍惜甜美的泉水;收获的时候,感激播种的人,,我们更加明白劳动的艰辛;成功的时候感激生养你的人,,我们更加懂得生命的宝贵。

【目标测评】

1、宽容,并不是让你毫无原则地yīwèi( )退让。宽容是对那些可宽容的人或事而言的,宽容的核心是爱。宽容不是去对付,去虚与委蛇,而是以心对心去包容,去化解,去让这个越发shìgù( )、物化和势利的粗糙世界变得温润一些。而不是什么都要你死我活,什么都要剑拔弩张,什么都要,什么都要。要相信,用宽容所付出的爱,在以后的日子里总有一天会得到回报。

宽容,是我们自己一幅健康的心电图;宽容是。

A、根据拼音写出文段括号处应填入的词语。

yīwèi()shìgù()

B、根据语境,在划线处填上恰当的成语。

而不是什么都要你死我活,什么都要剑拔弩张,什么都要_____ _ ,什么都要________ _ 。

2、事实上,对于我们的感觉能力来说,五官即使不愧为大功臣,但绝对不能被封为君王!这至高无上的称号,应当留给大脑。在五官废寝忘食地sōují( )外界信息的同时,大脑的神经细胞更为忙碌,它们通过横向连接和反馈的回路,飞速地传递有用的信息,它们无时无刻在进行着错综复杂的计算。大脑fùyǚ( )我感官多彩的性质和多种多样的本领,它所发挥的作用,没有谁能够比得上它。所有这些,科学家们还只是刚刚开始破解。

A.请根据拼音在括号处填入恰当的词语。

sōují( ) fùyǔ( )

B.“它所发挥的作用,没有谁能够比得上它。”这句话中划波浪线的部分,如果改用一个成语来表述,这个成语可以是________

3、①总不会忘了江南那架在水上的圆拱桥。②桥是江南水乡停住的梦,奇巧的身姿就是精灵飞舞的轻灵的翅膀,在阳光下 A ,在细雨中 B 。③大块的青石砌就出妩媚的弯眉,荡漾的水波yǎn yìng()着含情的美目。④真的觉得江南的圆拱桥就像美人的眉,青色的弯弯的一瞥, C 。⑤淡淡的,斜插入鬓的,有着风情万种却又任性娇憨的眉。⑥那么随心所浴轻轻舒展便成了一道风景,跨过liàn yàn()的水纹,掩入整副水墨中。

a、把文中的拼音所表示的汉字写在下列括号中。

yǎn yìng()liàn yàn()

b、文段的第⑥句有两个错别字,找出来,改正在下面。

____改正为________改正为____

c、“妩媚”一词在文中的意思是_______。

d、将下列三个短语填入文中划线的A、B、C三处,正确的顺序是_、、。

a、轻巧而温婉

b、透明而朴直

c、清雅而迷离

4、下列词语中加点字的注音全部正确的一项是()

A、干涸(hé) 炫耀(xuán)热泪盈眶(kuàng)

B、棘手(jí) 污渍(zhì) 并行不悖(bèi)

C、烙印(luò)鲜美(xiān)棋高一着(zhāo)

D、搀扶(chān) 雄浑(hún) 恬不知耻(tián)

5、下列句子中,没有错别字的一句是()

A、贴在路边的一则寻人启示引来众人驻足观看。

B、自出新裁的服装款式让所有人大饱眼福.

C、孩子纯洁无暇的心灵不容玷污。

D、集市上琳琅满目的商品让人眼花潦乱。

6、下列加点词语运用正确的一项是()

A、篮球场上气氛激烈,观众的呐喊声一浪高过一浪。

B、常读一览无余的书会使原本聪慧的大脑退化。

C、李华是一个很执着的人,他认定的事情就一定要坚持到水落石出。

D、只要坚持下去,最后才能取得成功。

7. 依次填入下列横线处的词,恰当的一项是( )

登上这气势恢宏的三峡大坝,触摸它伟岸的躯体,聆听它沉雷般的心跳,问苍茫大地,有哪一条江河了如此深厚的文化?有哪一道大坝能如此众多的智慧?有哪一座建筑能如此壮美的崇高?有哪一项工程能如此伟大的传奇?

A.凝聚积淀写满见证 B.积淀凝聚见证写满

C.写满见证凝聚积淀 D.见证写满积淀凝聚

8.下列加点字的注音完全正确的一项是()

A.发酵(xiào)拮据(jù)言简意赅(gāi)

B.啜泣(zhuì)贮藏(zhù)同仇敌忾(gài)

C.弥漫(mí)诧异(chà)惟妙惟肖(xiào)

D.狭隘(ài)绮丽(yī)义愤填膺(yīn)

9.根据句意,依次填入横线上的词语最恰当的一项是()

①清晨,我走在校园中,一阵阵的鸟鸣声,让我仿佛置身于美丽的大自然。

②刑警队员们表示,一定要把这个案子查个。

③在这次保护消费者权益的活动中,市工商局清查并了一批伪劣音像制品。

④招聘会上,面对考官们略带挑剔的提问,王虹,对答如流。

A.清晰水落石出烧毁滔滔不绝

B.清脆山穷水尽烧毁胸有成竹

C.清晰山穷水尽销毁滔滔不绝

D.清脆水落石出销毁胸有成竹

10.下列句子中加点的成语使用正确的一项是 ( )

A.大洪山的溶洞是大自然的造化,无不巧夺天工,令人赞叹不已。

B.一时间,满天的大雾把什么都遮没了,就是远处的电线杆也躲得杳无音信。

C.正因为他具有自命不凡的崇高理想,才在工作中取得了出色的成绩。

D.这里山清水秀,鸟语花香,宛若世外桃源,令人流连忘返。

11、对下列“活”的理解不正确的是()

A、活到老,学到老。(生存)

B、做学问,既要讲究实,也要讲究活。(活动)

C、北宋时期,毕升发明了活字印刷。(移动)

D、他上下翻飞,活像一只刚下山的小老虎。(逼真地)

12、对歇后语的解释不当的一项是()

A、城隍庙搬家---神出鬼没

B、此地无银三百两---不打自招

C、熊瞎子学绣花---装模作样

D、小毛驴套大车---力所能及

13、下列选项中诗句与成语意思不相符的两项是()()

A、数风流人物,还看今朝。------承上启下

B、近水楼台先得月,向阳花木草逢春。-----得天独厚

C、先天下之忧而忧,后天下之乐而乐。-----杞人忧天

D、咬定青山不放松,立根原在破岩中;千磨万击还坚劲,任尔东西南北风。---坚持不懈

14、用成语解释谚语不当的一项是()

A、书到用时方恨少―――-学无止境

B、台上三分钟,台下十年功―――厚积薄发

C、吃了猪肝想猪心,得了白银想黄金―――尽善尽美

D、竹子是一节节长起来的,功夫是一天天练出来的―――锲而不舍

(完整版)中考英语常用动词短语(超全)

look短语look for寻找;look after照顾;look over查看;look forward to渴望,向往,to为介词,后接名词、代词、动名词作宾语;look at看着;look up抬头看,在…查找;look up to尊敬;look down upon瞧不起;look like看起来像;look as if/though看起来好像;look through透过……看,翻阅,浏览;look into调查;look out当心;look out of往…外看look about [around]环顾四周look back 回顾,回想look on旁观, 看作,当作(与as 连用) put短语put off推迟,put on穿上;上演;put away把…暂时收起来,储存……备用;put up举起,建造,张贴;put out扑灭;put down写下;放下;put aside把…搁在一边;put back放回put…into把…放入put one’s heart into全神贯注 turn短语turn down把音量开小一点;拒绝;turn up把音量开大一点;出现;turn round/around回头;turn over 翻开;翻转;turn to朝向;变成;求助于;turn…into…把…变成…;turn into变成;turn out结果证明是;turn away 把脸转过去turn to sb转向某人turn out结果是turn on 打开(电灯等) turn off 关(电灯等) turn over (使)翻过来turn against背叛turn back折回,往回走turn around旋转,转过身来 call短语call at拜访,后接地点;call on拜访,后接被拜访的对象;号召;call back回电话;call in 叫来;call up打电话,使回忆起;call for叫某人同往某处,要求;call off取消 be短语be friendly/kind to对…友好;be fed up with对…厌烦;be different from与…不同;be afraid of害怕;be popular with受…欢迎;be fond of喜欢,爱好;be interested in对…感兴趣;be surprised at对…惊讶;be satisfied/content/pleased with对…满意;be proud of对…感到自豪;be strict with对某人严格;be strict in 对某事严格;be good to对…有好处;be good at擅长于…;be sure of/about对…有把握;be divided into被分成;be made up of由…构成;be angry with对某人生气;be busy with忙于;be full of/filled with装满了;be late for…迟到;be covered with覆盖着;be familiar with对…熟悉;be familiar to对某人来说是熟悉的;be famous/known for因…著名;be famous/known as作为…有名 get短语get on/along (well) with与某人相处(融洽),在…进展(顺利);get up起床;get on上车(船、飞机、马);get off下车(船、飞机、马);get back回去;get back to回到;get away离开,逃脱;get down 下来;get home到家;get into进入,陷入;get out (of) (从…)出去;get to到达get together聚会;get in收割get through通过,度过,完成get hold of获得,取得get over越过,恢复,克服get ready for为…作准备get up起床get used to习惯于

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一、选择题 1.—Do you have any problems _____ your English? —Yes, I have some difficulties _____ texts. A.with; reading B.read; study C.with; study D.in; with 2.—How much chocolate ice cream would you like, Linda? —, please. It’s my favorite. A.Only a little B.Just a few C.A lot D.None 3.—We are not supposed to the bus until the bus stops. —That’s right. Safety comes first. A.put off B.get off C.take off D.go off 4.David promised that he would come to the party, but he didn’t ________. A.stay up B.grow up C.wake up D.show up 5.My cousin is heavy because he often eats fast food. A.too much;too many B.too many;too much C.much too;too much D.too much;much too 6.George couldn’t wait to _________ his new car. A.put off B.set off C.take off D.show off 7.________, the Internet was only used by the government. But now it’s widely used in every field. A.As usual B.At first C.After all D.So far 8.—Andy, would you please the report for me and see if there is any mistake? —Of course I will. A.look around B.look through C.look up D.look after 9.—Have you heard that there’s a big fire near your home last night? — Sure. Luckily, the firemen came quickly and ______ the fire. A.came out B.broke out C.put out D.cut out 10.—Who is your favorite singer, Mike? —TF Boys. They are very ____ boys and girls. A.proud of B.popular with C.strict with D.worried about 11.Vivien worked very hard at all her lessons. __________, she became the top student in her class. A.In order to B.As a result C.As usual D.For example 12.—What do you think of your English teacher? —She is a good and caring one. Though her teaching style that of most other teachers, she always has more creative teaching methods than others do. A.is similar to B.is similar as C.the same as 13.--- I was told that Tom was charged with stealing the jewelry from the shop.

初中英语中考词组大全

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