高中英语学习材料
***鼎尚图文理制作***
Unit 2 Healthy eating 课文知识点解析Reading:Come and Eat Here(Ⅰ)
1.Wang Pengwei sat in his empty restaurant feeling very frustrated.
王鹏伟坐在他空荡荡的餐馆里，感觉很失落。
feeling现在分词，作伴随状语。
e.g.Standing on the top of the hill，you can have a better view of the city.
站在山顶上，你能更好地看到这个城市.
Jeff shouted，seizing her arm.
杰夫抓住她的胳膊，喊叫着。
Seeing from the top of the hill，we can see the whole city. 从山顶上我们可以看到整个城市.
2.He thought of his mutton kebabs and fatty pork cooked in the hottest，finest oil.
他想到了他的在热的最好的油里炸出来的烤羊肉和肥肉。
cooked 过去分词短语，作后置定语(被动)。
e.g.I know a girl called Mary.
我认识一个叫玛丽的女孩。
English is a language spoken all around the world.
英语是全世界都说的一种语言。
3.His fried rice was hot but did not taste of fat.
他的热而不腻的米饭。
taste of sth. 有某种味道
e.g.It tastes strongly of mint.
它有挺重的薄荷味。
taste 能辨别(味道）；尝出，品出。(不用于进行时，常与can连用）
e.g.I can’t taste.I’ve got a cold.
我得了感冒，尝不出味来。
Can you taste the garlic in this soup？
你尝得出汤里有大蒜味吗？
taste 可用作连系动词，后接形容词作表语。
The wine tastes nice.酒的味道不错。
4.Suddenly he saw his friend Li Maochang hurrying by.
突然他看到他的朋友李茂昌匆忙走过。
see sb. doing sth. 看到某人正在做某事
see sb. do sth. 看到某人做某事(看到整个过程）全析提示
现在分词作伴随状语要和句子主语保持一致，体现主动关系。而过去分词和主语是被动关系。如: Seen from the top of the hill，the city looks more beautiful. 从山顶看下去，这个城市越发美丽了。
思维拓展
单个过去分词作定语，一般前置，如：
a fallen tree 一棵倒了的树
a used book 一本用过的书
思维拓展
taste for n. 爱好，嗜好
She has a taste for foreign travel.
她有到国外旅行的爱好。
tasty adj. 美味的
tasty dish 好吃的菜
全析提示
see的常见短语：
see about 注意；安排
see sb. off 为某人送行
see out 熬过；度过
see over 检查
see through 识破，看穿(借口、谎言)
see to注意，留意；关照
思维拓展
seem的否定用法：
e.g.I saw a thief stealing something in the store.
我看到一个贼正在店里偷东西。
I saw a thief steal something from the store.
我看到一个贼从商店里偷了东西。
5.But Maochang seemed not to hear.
但是茂昌好像没有听到。
(1)seem(not）to do 看上去好像……
e.g.They seem to know what they are doing.
他们好像明白他们做的事情。
(2)seem (to sb.）(to be ）sth. 似乎，好像，仿佛
e.g.It seems (to me) (to be) the best solution.
(依我看）这似乎是最好的解决办法。
(3)seem like 看上去好像
e.g.It seemed like a disaster at the time.
在当时那就像是一场灾难。
(4)It seems/seemed that... 看上去……
e.g.It seems that she is right.
看上去好像她是对的。
(5)It seems/seemed as if/though... 看样子/似乎/好像……
e.g.It always seemed as though they would marry in the end. 看起来他们终归得结婚。
6.Something terrible must have happened if Maochang was not coming to eat with him as he always did.
如果茂昌没有像平时那样和他一起吃饭，那么一定发生了一些糟糕的事情。
(1)something terrible 形容词修饰不定代词(something，anything，nothing，everything等）要后置。
e.g.There is something interesting on the front page.
头版上有些有意思的消息。
(2)must have happened 对过去发生事情的肯定推测
e.g.It must have rained last night.
昨天晚上一定下雨了。
We must have read the same report.
咱们看的一定是同一份报道。
(3)as he always did as连词，引导方式状语。
e.g.Why didn’t you catch the last bus as I told you to？你怎么不听我的话赶乘末班车呢？
Leave the table as it is.(Do not disturb the things on it.）那桌子就那样吧。 (不要动上面的东西。）
7.Pengwei followed Li Maochang into a newly-opened small restaurant at the end of the street.
鹏伟跟着李茂昌进了街尽头的一家新开的小饭店。
newly-opened 构词法：副词加过去分词构成复合形容词
e.g.newly-published 新出版的e.g.He seems not to be at home. He doesn’t seem to be at home. 他好像不在家。
用作系动词，后接形容词/名词作表语：
She seems happy.
她看上去很高兴。
类似的词还有：become，turn，get，
sound，smell，taste等。
思维拓展
must是对现在情况进行推测。You must be hungry after your long walk.
走了这么长的路你一定饿了。She must be having a lot of problems with the language. 她在语言上一定有很多困难。
思维拓展
as...as 和……一样
e.g.He is as tall as his father.
as if;as though 似乎，好像e.g.He behaved as if nothing had happened.
他好像若无其事的样子。
思维拓展
数词+名词+ed=复合形容词
a 3-legged chair 一把3条腿的椅子
a middle-aged lady 一个中年妇女
数词+名词+形容词=复合形容词
a 3-year-old girl 一个3岁的女孩
思维拓展
tired 疲倦的
widely-used 广泛使用的
deeply-set 根深蒂固的
a widely-used language 一门广泛使用的语言
8.Tired of all that fat？肥腻的东西吃厌了吧？
be tired of sb./sth./doing sth.
对某人/某事/做某事不耐烦或感到厌倦
e.g.I’m tired of (listening to ) your criticism.
我听腻了你的批评。
9.Curiosity drove Wang Pengwei inside.
好奇心驱使王鹏伟进去了。
drive:force sb. to act 迫使某人行动
e.g.The urge to survive drove them on.
求生的欲望驱使他们继续努力。
drive a car 开车
drive sb. mad/crazy/out of mind 使某人发疯，失去理智
10.It was full of people.里面挤满了人。
be full of 充满(强调状态）
e.g.The cup is full of water.杯子里的水满了。
11.I will take all that fat off you in two weeks if you eat here every day.
如果你每天在这里吃饭的话，我会使你在两周之内减掉你的脂肪。take sth. off 切除身体的一部分
e.g.His leg had to be taken off above his knee。
他的一条腿从膝盖以上被截去了。
take off 起飞，除掉，脱掉
e.g.The plane took off despite the fog.
尽管有雾，飞机仍然照常起飞。
take off one’s coat 脱掉某人的外衣
12.Wang Pengwei was amazed at this and especially at the prices.
王鹏伟感到很吃惊，尤其是饭菜的价格。
be amazed at... 对……感到吃惊
e.g.We were amazed at the news.
听到这个消息我们很吃惊。
amaze v. 使某人惊讶、惊奇(多用于被动）
e.g.He amazed everyone by passing his driving test.
他驾驶考试合格使大家很惊奇。
13.He wondered if he should go to the library to find it out. 他想他是否应该去图书馆查清楚。
wonder v. 自问，常接疑问词He is tired.他累了。
tiring 令人疲倦的
a tiring jo
b 一份令人疲倦的工作。
思维拓展
driveway 私人车道
driving-test 驾照考试
全析提示
be filled with 充满(强调动作）e.g.The cup is filled with water.
杯子里装满了水。
思维拓展
take over 接管
take up 占据
e.g.The table takes up too much room.这张桌子太占地儿了。
Her time is fully taken up by writing.她的时间大都用于写作了。
take-away 外买的
思维拓展
amaze的习惯用语：
be amazed at (by)... 对……大为惊奇
be amazed to see 看到……感到吃惊
be amazed to hear 听到……感到吃惊
be amazed to find 发现……感到吃惊
思维拓展
wonder n. 令人感到惊奇的事物e.g.seven wonders of the world 世界七大奇观
It’s a wonder that...
令人惊奇的是……
It’s a wonder that he continues to gamble when he always loses.
e.g.I wonder who he is.我不知道他究竟是谁。
I wonder whether they will arrive on time.
我不知道他们能不能准时到达。
wonder at sth. 感到惊奇，惊叹
e.g.We wondered at the speed.
我们赞叹其速度。
wonder about sth. 对某事感到好奇
e.g.I was just wondering about that mysel
f.
我就是觉得这件事莫名其妙。
14.He couldn’t have Yong Hui getting away with telling people lies.
他不能够让永辉说谎却得过且过。
have sb. doing 让某人持续做某事
e.g.I’m sorry for having you waiting for so long time. 很抱歉让你等了这么久。
have sb. do 让某人做某事
e.g.The teachers have us leave to do the homework.
老师让我们留下来做作业。
get away 受到(较轻的处罚)
e.g.For such a serious offence，he was lucky to get away with a fine.
他犯了那么严重的过失，却侥幸只交了罚款了事.
Reading:Come and Eat Here (Ⅱ)
1.The next day Wang Pengwei’s restaurant was nearly full and he felt happier.
次日，王鹏伟的饭馆几乎坐满了人，他高兴多了。
nearly adv. =almost 几乎，将近
e.g.It is nearly one o’clock.
将近一点钟了。
It is nearly time to start.
差不多是开始的时间了。
I am nearly ready.
我差不多准备好了。
2.Perhaps he would be able to earn his living after all and not have to close his restaurant.
也许，他终究还是能够谋生，而不必关掉饭馆。
(1)be able to do(情态动词）有能力、办法或机会做某事；能
e.g.Will you be able to come?
你能来吗？
You are better able to do it than I am.
你比我更有能力胜任此事。
Tom is able to swim.
汤姆会游泳。
(2)earn one’s living 谋生令人惊讶的是他一直输还一直赌！
思维拓展
make sb. do/get sb. to do 让某人做某事
e.g.He got his sister to help him.
他让他的姐姐帮他。
They made me repeat the story again.
他们又让我重复了一遍故事。
全析提示
nearly和almost都有“几乎”的意思，但是它们在用法上有些区别。almost经常和no，none，nothing或者never等否定词连用，nearly则不能。
e.g.The speaker said almost nothing worth listening to. 那个发言者说的话几乎没有一句是值得听的。
要点提炼
be able to 和can在用法和意义上近似，但can只有一般现在时和过去时两种形式；要想表示将来和完成，只能用be able to 来表示。be able to 有各种时态。be able to 还表示经历各种困难之后能够做成某事。
思维拓展
earn one’s living还可以写成earn a living或者live one’s/a living。
思维拓展
e.g.When he was young，he earned his living by selling salt. 当他年轻的时候，靠卖盐为生。
It is an honor to earn one’s living with one’s own hands. 靠自己的双手谋生是光荣的。
(3)after all 毕竟，终究
e.g.Don’t scold him;he is a little child after all.
别责怪他了，他毕竟还是个孩子。
He failed after all，though he tried all his best.
尽管他尽力了，但他终究还是失败了。
(4)close v. 关闭(强调动作），结束(演说等）
Tom closed the door softly behind him.
汤姆轻轻地把身后的门关上。
After a while，he closed the interview.
过了一会儿，他结束了采访。
3.He did not look forward to being in debt because his restaurant was no longer popular.
他不想因为他的餐馆不再受欢迎而欠债。
(1)debt n. 债；欠债。
e.g.He was in debt and he spent 10 years paying back it. 他欠债了并且花了10年的时间还清债务。
(2)popular adj. 流行的；普及的；受欢迎的；有名的
e.g.That song was popular in the old days.
那首歌在古代很受欢迎。
He is a man who is popular with his neighbors.
他是一个受邻居欢迎的人。
4.She did not look happy but glared at him as she moved round the customers.
当她绕着客人转时，她看起来不高兴，而是盯着他。
(1)not...but... 不是……而是……
e.g.At the news，he did not laugh but cry.
一听到这个消息，他不是大笑而是哭了起来。
Not John but I am going to the meeting.
不是约翰而是我要去参加会议。
My brother did not learn English but Japanese.
我哥哥没有学英语而是学了日语。
(2)glare at 盯着，瞪着看
e.g.It is not good manners to glare at a stranger.
盯着陌生人看是不礼貌的。after all还有“虽然，尽管”的意思。
e.g.After all my care，it was broken.
虽然我已尽量小心，还是把它打碎了。
全析提示
shut 表示“关紧，插住”(侧重于结果)
turn off 关闭(灯，水管，电等) e.g.He shut the door and locked it.
它关上门并把它锁上了。
Please turn off the light. 请关上灯。
思维拓展
out of debt 偿清债务
in debt to sb. 欠某人的债；受某人的恩惠
思维拓展
常用的短语有：
be popular with 受欢迎
pop music 流行音乐
pop star 流行歌手，歌星
全析提示
not...but... 连接句子的并列成分；在连接主语时，句子的主语要用就近一致原则。
思维拓展
look at 看
glance at 瞥了一眼
glare at 怒目而视
要点提炼
在分析句子时要能够善于把握说
5.“I thought you were a new customer and now I find you came only to spy on me and my menu，” she shouted.
“我原以为你是一个新顾客，现在我发现你只是来窥探我和我的菜单。”她大喊着说。
(1)thought...原以为……
e.g.I thought you were in the USA，and I did not know you were here，too.
我原以为你在美国，我不知道你也在这里。
I never thought you would bring me such a wonderful gift.Thanks a lot!
我根本没想到你会给我带来这么美好的一份礼物。非常感谢！
(2)find v. 发现；找到
e.g.I find that he is an honest man.
我发现他是一个诚实的人。
We find him honest and we like to be with him.
我们发现他很诚实，于是我们愿意和他在一起。
I find English very interesting to learn.我发现学英语很有意思。
(3)only to do表示目的；此处，only用来加强语气，相当于just。
e.g.I got up early only to catch the first bus.
我起这么早就是为了赶上第一班车。
He came here only to enjoy the Chinese food.
他来这里就是为了品尝中餐。
(4)spy on 侦察；窥探
e.g.spy on the enemy’s movements 侦察敌方行动
spy on one’s secret 窥探某人的秘密
6.I don’t want to upset you，but I found your menu so limited that I stopped worrying and started advertising the benefits of my food.
我不想让你不高兴，但是我发现你的菜单太有限了以至于我开始登广告宣传我的食物的益处了。
(1)upset v. 扰乱；使不安；打翻
e.g.Don’t upset the boat.不要把船弄翻了。
(2) so...that... 如此，以至于……
e.g.It is so cold today that they don’t want to go out for play.
今天太冷了以至于他们不想出去玩。
Mr Yang is so good a teacher that the students all like him. 杨老师是这么好的一个老师以至于学生们都很喜欢他。
There are so many people in the street that the bus is going slowly. 话者想要表达的意思和使用的动词时态。表示在说话时间以前发生的事情，要用过去时态。
思维拓展
find+宾语+n./pron./adj./v.-ing/v.-e d/clause/ prep.(clause)
find表示“发现，找到”的结果；find out表示通过打听，询问，研究等“发现或者找到某事情的结果”。
思维拓展
only to do 还可表示没预想到的结果。
e.g.He entered his room to find it broken into.
他进屋后发现房屋被盗了。
思维拓展
spy 还可以用作名词，意思是“间谍”。
知识链结
upset还有名词词性，表示“打扰，不安”。
e.g.have a stomach upset 胃不舒服
思维拓展
so...that...和such...that...两者表达的意思基本相同，只是词序或搭配不同。such 所修饰的主要是名词，该名词前可以有形容词修饰；或such 自身作代词；so是用来修饰形容词、副词或相当于形容词或副词的词
思维拓展
stop用作“停止”的意思时后面可以跟动词的不定式形式也可以跟动词的-ing形式。stop doing 表示停止正在做的事情；stop to
大街上人太多了以至于汽车行驶地缓慢。
(3)stop 停止；(使)停下来；阻止
e.g.When he heard someone called his name，he stopped to have a look.
当他听到有人叫他的名字时，他停下来看了看。
He stopped a car and got into it quickly.
他拦下一辆车并快速上了车。
When they saw their teacher entered the classroom，they stopped talking.
当他们看见老师进了教室就不说话了。
After we walked a whole day，we stopped to find a place to put up our tent to have a rest.
我们走了一整天之后找了一个地方把帐篷搭起来休息。
(4)start vt. & vi. 开始；产生；出发；启程；使开始
e.g.It started raining when we got home.
我们到家的时候开始下雨了。
This news started me thinking.
这消息引起了我的思索。
At last，the bus started.
公共汽车终于启程了。
A rich uncle started him in business.
一位有钱的叔父帮助他创办事业。
When did you start learning (to learn) English?
你什么时候开始学英语的？
As time went on，he started to see the importance of study. 随着时间的流逝，他开始明白学习的重要性。
I am starting to prepare for the exam.
我开始为考试作准备。
7.Why don’t you sit down and try a meal?
为什么不坐下来尝尝这些饭呢？
try(v.) 品尝，尝试。
e.g.Try the fish，please! 请品尝鱼。
Try it again! 再试一遍。
8.Yonghui agreed to stay and soon they were enjoying the dumplings...
永辉同意留下来，很快他们就品尝起了饺子……
agree v. 同意，赞同
e.g.He agreed to send me some books on computer.
他同意送我几本关于电脑的书。
I agreed to help him with English soon. do表示停下原来做的事情开始做另外一件事情。
思维拓展
start和begin在多数情况下可互换使用而没有区别，但在一般情况下，特别是在非正式英语中，用start似乎更自然些。在表示开业、出发或发动机器时，只能用start。另外，一般情况下，start和begin后面接不定式或动词-ing形式均可。但当start 和 begin用于进行时的时候，或者它们后面的动词是指心理或精神活动性质时，如understand，know，see，think等，或者当它们的主语是事物而不是人或天气时，后面一般接不定式，而不接动词-ing形式。
思维拓展
try 还可以作名词用，表示“尝试”。如：
have a try 试试
vt. 努力
try one’s best 尽某人最大的努力
思维拓展
agree的其他短语：agree that 从句
agree to+n. 同意某事，如：计划，建议，安排，办法等。agree with sb./what-clause(食物，天气等)适合某人
思维拓展
此处sick不可以换成ill，表示感觉难受，不舒服。
我同意很快帮他学习英语。
9.I feel sick with all this fat and...
我感觉这些肥肉很难受……
feel sick with 难受，想呕吐
e.g.She feels sick when she eats fat.
她吃肥肉时想吐。
10.Wang Pengwei was just enjoying a second plate of dumplings...
王鹏伟正要吃另一盘饺子……
此句中的不定冠词a放在序数词前面表示的意思是“又一个；再一个”。
e.g.The boss asked a third one whose turn it is to be on duty tonight.
老板又问了一个人今天晚上谁值班。
It is a wonderful play and I want to see it a second time. 这么好的一部戏，我想再看一次。
11.But don’t you get tired quickly?
然而你不会很快就厌烦了吗？
此句中get为连系动词，后面使用tired作表语，tired是过去分词当形容词用。
e.g.After walking a long way，we got tired soon.
走了一段长路之后，我们很快累了。
When he was ill，he got tired easily.
在他生病期间，他很容易劳累。
12.I do have to rest a lot.我一定要多休息。
do在这里起强调谓语动词的作用。
e.g.I do like music. 我确实喜欢音乐。
We did go to meet him yesterday，but he had gone when we got there.
我们昨天确实去接他了，但是我们到那里的时候他已经走了。Jack does like pets，so he raises many little animals.
杰克太喜欢宠物了，所以他养了好多小动物。
13.But don’t you think it would be better if you were a bit thinner?
可是你不认为如果你再瘦一点的话会更好吗？
a bit表示“一点儿，一些”，此处用来修饰比较级。
e.g.After he did much practice，his spoken English is a bit better.
在做了大量练习之后，他的口语好多了。
Today，it is a bit colder than yesterday.You’d better wear more. 思维拓展
序数词前不表示特指时，可以使用不定冠词a/an;在表示特指时要使用定冠词the。
e.g.Are you going to learn a second language in the third grade?
你在三年级要学另外一门外语吗？
思维拓展
还有其他类似的短语结构：
get burnt 晒黑
get paid 得到报酬
get drunk 喝醉酒
get prepared 作准备
全析提示
英语结构中强调谓语动词时使用do的形式；强调除了谓语动词之外的其他句子成分时使用句型：It is/was...that...把被强调的部分放在that前面。
知识链接
能够修饰形容词或副词的比较级的词或短语还有：much，rather，still，even，far，a little，by far等。还有一些和a bit 相关的短语，如：
a bit of+不可数名词，表示“一点儿……”。
not a bit=not at all 一点也不，毫不
知识链接
用neither...nor...的时候注意：如果连接的是并列主语，句子的谓语要使用就近一致原则。另外，either...or.../not...but.../ not only...but also.../There be 句型等也用就近一致原则。
今天比昨天冷点。你最好多穿点。
14.My research has shown me that neither your restaurant nor mine offers a balanced diet.
调查表明你的餐馆和我的餐馆都没有提供一种合理的食物。
（1)neither...nor... 既不……也不……。用来连接句子的并列成分。
e.g.Neither Xiaoli nor his brother likes to stay at home at weekend.
小李和他哥哥在周末都不愿意呆在家里。
My father likes neither majiang nor smoke.
我父亲既不喜欢打麻将也不喜欢吸烟。
Neither our teacher nor we students like the food in the school dinning room.
老师和学生都不喜欢学校食堂的饭菜。
(2)offer v. 提供；供给。
e.g.I have been offered a job in Beijing.
我已经在北京找到了一份工作。
He offered to lend me some books.
他要借给我几本书。
I offered 5 000 yuan for the computer，but the boss refused. 那台电脑我出价5 000元，老板不答应。
He offered to help me.他主动提出要帮助我。
15.Perhaps we ought to combine our menus and provide a balanced menu with food full of energy and fibre.
也许我们应该把我们的菜单联合起来供应富含能量和纤维素的合理事物。
“with+宾语+宾语补足语”这一复合结构在句子中作定语或者状语；作状语是表示伴随情况或者原因。
(1)作状语
e.g.The beggar begged from door to door，with a lot of children following behind.
那个乞丐挨户乞讨，后面跟着一群孩子。
The thief was brought to the front with his hands tied behind. 那个小偷的手被绑在后面，被带到前面。
They walked to their fields with hoes on their shoulders. 他们扛着锄头往地里走。
With his homework done，the boy ran out for a swim.
做完作业后，那孩子跑出去游泳了。
You should read with the radio off.
在看书的时候应该把收音机关掉。
With Li Ping to help us，I’m sure we can finish our task. 有李平来帮助我们，我敢肯定我们一定能提前完成任务。思维拓展
offer sb. sth.=offer sth. to sb. (主动) 提供
offer to do sth. (主动)提出做某事
give sb. sth.=give sth. to sb. (无偿地)给
supply sb. with sth.=supply sth. to sb. 供给
provide sb. with sth.=provide sth. for sb.提供，供给(供应动作发生)
要点提炼
在“with+宾语＋宾语补足语”这个结构中，后面的补足语成分可以是动词的现在分词、过去分词、介词、介词短语、形容词，或者是动词不定式。如果后面的动词是由with的宾语主动发出的动作，就用动词的现在分词；如果后面的动词和with宾语是被动关系，则用动词的过去分词。e.g.with the boy crying，boy 主动发出cry这一动作，所以用crying作宾语补足语；with his hands crossed，hands是被交叉在一起，所以用crossed这一过去分词作宾语补足语。
在表示将要做时用不定式。with many things to be done说明好多事情没有做，将要去做。
知识链接
would do sth. rather than do sth.=would rather do sth. than do sth.
or rather 更确切地说
He came back very late last night，or rather in the early hours.
昨晚他回来得太晚了，更确切地
(2)作定语
e.g.My aunt lives in the room with the windows facing south. 我姑妈住在那间窗户朝南开的房间。
The woman with a baby in her arms is getting on the bus. 怀里抱着婴儿的那位妇女正在上车。
16...boiled the potatoes rather than fried them...
煮土豆而不是炸土豆
rather than 而不是；并非
He came all the way to improve the relationship rather than to make money.
他一路来此为的是改善关系而不是为了挣钱。
We should help him rather than laugh at him when he is in trouble.
当他遇到困难时我们应该帮助他而不是嘲笑他。
Grammar
情态动词 ought to/ought not to
1.should和ought to表示责任、建议或劝告，翻译为“应该”，后者语气强一些。
e.g.You should listen to the doctor’s advice if you want to recover soon.
Such things ought not to be allowed.
2.should接动词的完成式，是一种谴责，表示过去应该做而没有做或过去做了而不应该做的事。
e.g.I missed the class.I should have come earlier.
I shouldn’t have made such a foolish mistake.
3.情态动词ought to中的to不可省略。表示责任、可能性等，意思是“应当，应该”。
e.g.We ought to take him to a doctor at once.
我们应当马上把他送往医院。
He ought not to have kept us waiting so long.
他(当时)不应该让我们等那么长的时间。说是在凌晨时分回来的。
思维拓展
should 和ought to 都为“应该”的意思，可用于各种人称。—Ought he to go?—Yes，I think he ought to.表示要求、命令时，语气由should(应该)，had better(最好)，must(必须)渐强。
高中英语人教版必修三单词表． 必修3 Unit 1 1、发生 2、美；美人 收获；收割3、庆祝；祝贺4、狩猎者；猎人、5(使)饿死；饿得要死、6起源；由来；起因7、8、宗教上的;信奉宗教的;虔诚的 9、季节的；季节性的 10、祖先；祖宗 11、（日本）盂兰盆节 坟墓；墓地12、熏香；熏香的烟13、14、纪念；追念 15、墨西哥（拉丁美洲国家） 16、节日；盛宴 17、头脑；头骨 18、骨；骨头 19、万圣节前夕；诸圣日前夕
信任；信心；信仰20、 21、盛装；打扮；装饰 欺骗；诈骗;窍门诡计;恶作剧22、23、搞恶作剧；诈骗；开玩笑 诗人、2425、哥伦布日 26、到来；到达；到达者 27、克利斯朵夫·哥伦布 28、获得；得到 29、独立；自主 30、独立的；自主的 搜集；集合；聚集31、 32、农业；农艺；农学 农业的；农艺的、33授予；判定奖；奖品34、 35、产品；（尤指）农产品 雄禽；公鸡36、37、赞美；钦佩；羡慕 38、充满活力的;精力充沛的;积极的 39、期望；期待；盼望 狂欢节；（四旬斋前的）饮宴狂欢；嘉年华（会）40、 41、月的；月亮的；阴历的耶稣)复活节42、(43、游行；阅兵；检阅、日夜；昼夜；整天4445、衣服 2 必修3 基督徒；信徒、46基督教的；信基督教的 47、耶稣 48、樱桃；樱桃树 49、花开花 50、好像 51、玩得开心 52、习惯；风俗 53、遍及全世界的；世界性的 玫瑰花蕾54、55、愚人；白痴；受骗者 干傻事；开玩笑傻的 必要性；需要56、57、许可；允许 预言；预报；预告58、59、样子；方式；时尚 60、特立尼达岛 61、卡拉（女名） 62、哈利（男名） 63、（汽车等）停放 64、停车场 65、圣瓦伦廷节；人节 66、出现；到场 67、守信用；履行诺言 68、屏息；屏气 69、道歉；辩白 70、淹没；溺死；淹死
普通高中课程标准实验教科书《英语》电子课本 Book 3 Unit 1 Festivals around the world B3U1P1-3 FESTIV ALS AND CELEBRATIONS Ancient Festivals Festivals and celebrations of all kinds are held everywhere. The most ancient festivals would celebrate the end of the cold weather, planting in spring and harvest in autumn. Other celebrations were held when hunters could catch animals. They would starve if food was difficult to find, so they celebrated when they had food. They lit fires and made music because they thought these festivals would bring a year of plenty. Festivals of the Dead Some festivals are held to honour the dead, or satisfy and please the ancestors, who could return either to help or to do harm. In Japan the festival is called Obon, when people should go to clean the graves and light incense in memory of their ancestors. They light lamps and play music because they think that this will lead the ancestors back to earth. In Mexico they have the Day of the Dead in early November. On this important feast day, people might eat food in shape of skulls, and cakes with “bones” on them. They offer food, flowers and gifts to the dead. The festival of Halloween had its origin as an event in memory of the dead. It is now a children’s festival, when they can go to their neighbours’ homes and ask for sweets. They dress up and try to frighten people. If they are not given anything, the children might play a trick. Festivals to Honour People Festivals can be held as an honour to famous people or to the gods. One of these is the Dragon Boat Festival in China, which honours the famous ancient poet, Qu Yuan. Another is Columbus Day in the USA, in memory of the arrival of Christopher Columbus in America. In India there is a national festival on October 2 to honour Mahatma Gandhi, the leader who helped gain India’s independence from Britain. Harvest Festivals Harvest and Thanksgiving festivals can be very happy events. People are grateful because their food is gathered for the winter ,and because a season of agricultural work is over. In European countries it is the custom to decorate churches and town halls with flowers and fruit, and people get together to have meals. Some people might win awards for their animals, flowers, fruits and vegetables, like the biggest watermelon or the most handsome rooster. In China and Japan there are mid-autumn festivals, when people admire the moon and give gift of mooncakes. Spring Festivals The most energetic and important festivals are the ones that look forward to the end of winter and to the coming of spring. At the Spring Festival in China, people eat dumplings, fish and meat, and may give children lucky money in the red paper. There are dragon dances and carnivals, and families celebrate the lunar New Year together. In some Western countries there are very exciting carnivals, which take place forty days before Easter, usually in February. They might include parades, dancing in the streets day and night, loud music and colourful clothing of all kinds. Easter is an important religious and social festival in Christian countries. It celebrates the return of Jesus for Christians and it also celebrates the coming of spring. In Japan, the Cherry Blossom Festival happens a little later. The country is covered with cherry tree flowers so that it looks as though it might be covered with pink snow. People love to get together to eat, drink and have fun with each others. Festivals let us enjoy life, be proud of our customs and forget our daily life for a little while.
人教新课标模块3教材分析 ——西北工业大学附属中学 由国家教育部制定并颁布的《普通高中英语课程标准（实验）》明确规定高中英语课程应使学生在义务教育阶段学习的基础上进一步明确英语学习的目的，发展自主学习能力和合作精神；在加强对学生综合语言运用能力培养的同时，注重提高学生用英语获取信息、处理信息、分析问题和解决问题的能力，以及用英语进行思维和表达的能力；高中英语课程还应根据学生的个性特征和发展的需要，为他们提供丰富的选择机会和充分的表现空间。通过高中英语课程的学习，使学生的语言运用能力进一步得到提高，国际视野更加宽广，爱国主义精神和民族使命感进一步增强，为他们的为未来发展和终身学习奠定良好的基础。人教新课标这套教材每一个模块有五个教学单元。每个单元围绕一个主要的话题开展听说读写的活动，共分九个部分。“热身”（warming up）---主要通过问卷调查，看图讨论，情景听说，思考问题等多种形式的活动，激发学生的学习兴趣，激活其已有的知识，使学生能运用自己已有的知识和经验思考该单元的中心话题。“读前”(Pre-reading)---设置问题启发学生预测课文的内容，展开简短的讨论，以便通过阅读验证自己的推测。“阅读”（Reading)---为各单元的主要阅读语篇，题材和体裁多种多样，承载该单元的话题重要信息，以及大部分词汇和主要的语法结构。“理解”（Comprehending）---用以检测学生对阅读课文的理解程度。“语言学习” (Learning about Language)---采用发现和探究的方法启发学生自己找出书中的重要语言项目，培养学生初步运用这些语言的技能。“语言运用”(Using Language)---围绕中心话题的听说读写的综合性练习，包括了Listening and speaking & Reading and writing。“小结”(Summing Up)---要求学生自己小结从各单元中学到的内容，生词和习惯用语以及语法结构。“学习建议”(Learning Tip)---培养学习策略，优化学习方式，提高自主学习的能力。“趣味阅读”(Reading for Fun)---满足学生的兴趣需求，体现教材的选择性和拓展性。 以上是普通高中英语课程标准（实验稿）对课程目标的解读。下面，我们将从教材的使用者的角度，结合在教材使用过程中学生对教材的反应情况，主要针对模块教材整体，从模块和单元知识结构，模块和单元内容发生发展过程，模块和单元知识学习意义，模块和单元教学建议与学法指导说明四个方面浅略地谈一下自己的见解，以期与各位同行共同探讨更好地掌握、运用好英语课程标准。
Unit 1 Festivals around the world FESTIVALS AND CELEBRATIONS Festivals and celebrations of all kinds have been held everywhere since ancient times. Most ancient festivals would celebrate the end of cold weather, planting in spring and harvest in autumn. Sometimes celebrations would be held after hunters had caught animals. At that time people would starve if food was difficult to find, especially during the cold winter months. Today’s festivals have many origins, some religious, some seasonal, and some for special people or events. Festivals of the dead Some festivals are held to honour the dead or to satisfy the ancestors, who might return either to help or to do harm. For the Japanese festival Obon, people should go to clean graves and light incense in memory of their ancestors. They also light lamps and play music because they think that will lead the ancestors back to earth. In Mexico, people celebrate the Day of the Dead in early November. On this important feast day, people eat food in the shape of skulls and cakes with “bones” on them. They offer food, flowers and gifts to the dead. The Western holiday Halloween also had its origin in old beliefs about the return of the spirits of dead people. It is now a children’s festival, when they can dress up and go to their neighbours’ homes to ask for sweets. If the neighbours do not give any sweets, the children might play a trick on them. Festivals to Honour People Festivals can also be held to honour famous people. The Dragon Boat Festival in China honours the famous ancient poet, Qu Y uan. In the USA, Columbus Day is in memory of the arrival of Christopher Columbus in the New World. India has a national festival on October 2 to honour Mohandas Gandhi, the leader who helped gain India’s independence from Britain. Harvest Festivals Harvest and Thanksgiving festivals can be very happy events. People are grateful because their food is gathered for the winter and the agricultural work is over. In European countries, people will usually decorate churches and town halls with flowers and fruit, and will get together to have meals. Some people might win awards for their farm produce, like the biggest watermelon or the most handsome rooster. China and Japan have mid-autumn festivals when people admire the moon and in China enjoy moon-cakes. Spring Festivals The most energetic and important festivals are the ones that look forward to the end of winter and to the coming of spring. At the Spring Festival in China, people eat dumplings, fish and meat and may give children lucky money in red paper. There are dragon dances and carnivals, and families celebrate the Lunar New Year together. Some Western countries have very exciting carnivals, which take place forty days before Easter, usually in February. These carnivals might include parades, dancing in the streets day and night, loud music and colourful clothing of al kinds. Easter is an important religious and social festival for Christians around the world. It celebrates the return of Jesus from the dead and the coming of spring and new life. Japan’s Cherry Blossom Festival happens a little later. The country, covered with cherry tree flowers, looks as though it is covered with pink snow. People love to get together to eat, drink and have fun with each other. Festivals let us enjoy life, be proud of our customs and forget our work for a little while.
必修三 Unit1 festivals around the world 1.take place 发生（指按计划发生，相当于不及物动词，没有被动语态）； happen发生（指偶然地没有预见地发生，也是不及物动词，没有被动语态，） take the place of 代替 e.g. The 2012 Summer Olympics will take place in London. A funny thing happened in our class last Monday. I will take the place of him to finish the work. 2. in memory of…纪念；追念（介词短语） e.g. I send you this card in memory of our happy summer together. 3. lead…to…把……带向（引领到）…; lead to…导致 e.g. I will lead the blind man back home. Regular reviewing leads to better grades. 4. in the shape of…以/在……的形状 e.g. I dare eat the food in the shape of skulls. 5. belief 信任；信心；信仰。其复数为beliefs. 6. dress up 盛装；打扮；装饰。dress up as…打扮成…… e.g. We dressed up for the school party on Christmas Day. They tried to dress him up as a “national hero”. dress up, put on, wear, have on 的区别 1）dress意思是给自己或别人穿衣服。可单独用作不及物动词；作及物动词接宾语时要接表示人的名词、代词或反身代词。dressed可作表语，be dressed (in)表示“穿着”的状态。2）put on 表示“穿上、戴上”，是终止性短语，表动作，其宾语是衣服、鞋、帽、手套、袜子、眼镜等。 3）wear是“穿着、戴着”，除了接普通衣服外，还可指佩戴手表、首饰、徽章、花以及留发型、胡须等，含义最广。 4）have on表示静态“穿着、戴着”，多用于口语，是比较普通的用语，不用于进行时。 7. play a trick on…搞恶作剧；诈骗；开玩笑。还常用作play tricks on… e.g. He intends to play a trick on that girl. Don’s play tricks on me- I want to know the truth. 8. award n. 奖，奖品（可数）vt.授予；判定 e.g. He won the first awards of many English contests. The school awarded Mary a prize for her good work.学校因为玛丽的出色表现而奖励了她。medal, prize, reward和award用法辨析： medal指“奖章，勋章，纪念章”，如金牌、银牌等。 prize指“奖品，奖金；战利品；捕获物”，如在竞争或比赛中赢得的，或作为对胜利或优胜的嘉奖的东西 reward指“回报，报酬，报应”，为相应的行为作酬劳或为邪恶的举止作报应而授予或收到的东西。 award指“奖品”，因优点奖励或授予的东西。 e.g. How many gold medals has he won? My brother won the first prize in the contest. A large reward is offered for the capture of the criminals.
Unit 1 Lifestyles Warm-up Tapescript 1 Football player: Being famous isn’t easy, you know. I travel a lot – I have matches in different countries. But my job is exciting, very exciting! I love the matches, the people cheering, know what I mean? 2 Student: My dad says these are the best days of my life –but I’m not so sure! You know, I’ve got lots of work to do and there’s not much time really. I also play football for the school team and we have to do training three nights a week. 3 Shepherd: I love th e animals and I love nature. It’s peaceful, and there’s no one to tell me what to do. But it’s not so good when the weather’s bad! 4 Business manager: I’m very busy, and I don’t have time to see my husband and children. Mmmm and my life is very stressful, I suppose. I mean, I have to deal with lots of money. But I find it really exciting. 1 A Perfect Day? A Couch Potato Forty-three-year-old Brian Blakey from Birmingham is sitting on his sofa and telling me about his perfect day. When I wake up I don't get up immediately. I turn on the television and watch the children's programmes and old movies until about half-past ten. Then I get up, go downstairs and switch on the TV in the living room. For lunch, I have biscuits and a glass of milk, and I watch the news. In the afternoon, I often watch another old film – they're showing some good ones at the moment. In the evenings, I often watch TV series or sport and the news again. I like the main news at six o'clock. At nine thirty, if there is a good play on BBC 2, I switch over and watch it. Then at night, I watch more films and I usually switch off the TV at about two o'clock. I never watch TV all night. I watch TV for sixteen or seventeen hours a day. I also do some exercise every day. I take Tina, the dog, for a walk every afternoon. I don't go far, of course. I walk to the wall outside my house. I always take my portable TV and I sit on the stone wall while the dog walks round in a circle. Of course, I couldn't live this lifestyle without a good wife. She's not here now because she's working, but she always makes my meals. We haven't got much money, you know, but we're happy. Sit down and watch TV. Here's the remote control. You've got the world at your feet. And in your hand. Great! A Workaholic Thirty-six-year-old Bob Black is sitting at his desk and working his way through his paperwork. I normally wake up about five minutes before my alarm clock goes off. As soon as I hear my alarm clock, I jump out of my bed. It takes me less than fifteen minutes to wash, get changed, have breakfast, leave home and get on a bus. I am always the first person to get to the office. The mornings are always very busy and the afternoons are even busier! Meetings and phone calls take up a large part of the day. Every minute
Unit 1 1、发生 2、美；美人 3、收获；收割 4、庆祝；祝贺 5、狩猎者；猎人 6、(使)饿死；饿得要死 7、起源；由来；起因 8、宗教上的;信奉宗教的;虔诚的 9、季节的；季节性的 10、祖先；祖宗 11、（日本）盂兰盆节 12、坟墓；墓地 13、熏香；熏香的烟 14、纪念；追念 15、墨西哥（拉丁美洲国家） 16、节日；盛宴 17、头脑；头骨 18、骨；骨头 19、万圣节前夕；诸圣日前夕 20、信任；信心；信仰 21、盛装；打扮；装饰 22、诡计;恶作剧;窍门欺骗；诈骗 23、搞恶作剧；诈骗；开玩笑 24、诗人 25、哥伦布日 26、到来；到达；到达者 27、克利斯朵夫·哥伦布 28、获得；得到 29、独立；自主 30、独立的；自主的 31、搜集；集合；聚集 32、农业；农艺；农学 33、农业的；农艺的 34、奖；奖品授予；判定 35、产品；（尤指）农产品 36、雄禽；公鸡 37、赞美；钦佩；羡慕 38、充满活力的;精力充沛的;积极的 39、期望；期待；盼望 40、狂欢节；（四旬斋前的）饮宴狂欢；嘉年华（会） 41、月的；月亮的；阴历的 42、 (耶稣)复活节 43、游行；阅兵；检阅 44、日夜；昼夜；整天 45、衣服
46、基督徒；信徒 基督教的；信基督教的 47、耶稣 48、樱桃；樱桃树 49、花开花 50、好像 51、玩得开心 52、习惯；风俗 53、遍及全世界的；世界性的 54、玫瑰花蕾 55、愚人；白痴；受骗者 干傻事；开玩笑傻的 56、必要性；需要 57、许可；允许 58、预言；预报；预告 59、样子；方式；时尚 60、特立尼达岛 61、卡拉（女名） 62、哈利（男名） 63、（汽车等）停放 64、停车场 65、圣瓦伦廷节；人节 66、出现；到场 67、守信用；履行诺言 68、屏息；屏气 69、道歉；辩白 70、淹没；溺死；淹死 71、悲哀，悲伤 72、明显的；显而易见的 73、擦；揩；擦去 74、（使）迂回 75、牧群；兽群 76、银河 77、喜鹊 78、哭泣;流泪哭；哭泣 79、广播员；告知者；报幕员 80、出发；动身；使爆炸 81、提醒；使想起 82、使……想起…… 83、原谅；恕 Unit 2 84、日常饮食节食 85、意大利式细面条 86、坚果；果仁 87、肌肉；（食用）瘦肉 88、给予保护的；保护的
1.必修三Unit1 Festivals and celebrations节日和庆典 Festivals and celebrations of all kinds have been held everywhere since ancient times. 自古以来，世界各地就有各种各样的节日和庆典。Most ancient festivals would celebrate the end of cold weather, planting in spring and harvest in autumn. 最古老的节日总是庆祝严寒的结束、春季的种植和秋天的收割。Sometimes celebrate would be held after hunters had caught animals. 有时，在猎人捕获猎物后，也举行庆祝活动。At that time people would starve if food was difficult to find, especially during the cold winter months. 在那个时代，如果食物难以找到，特别是在寒冷的冬月，人们会挨饿。Today’s festivals have many origins ,some religious, some seasonal, and some for special people or events. 现在的节日有很多由来，一些是宗教上的，一些是季节性的，一些是纪念特殊的人和事件的。 Festivals of the Dead亡灵节 Some festivals are held to honour the dead or to satisfy the ancestors, who might return either to help or to do harm. 有些节日，是为了纪念死者，或使祖先得到满足，因为祖先们有可能回到世上（给人们）提供帮助，也有可能带来危害。For the Japanese festival. Obon, people should go to clean graves and light incense in memory of their ancestors. 在日本的盂兰盆节，人们要扫墓、烧香，以缅怀祖先。They also light lamps and play music because they think that this will lead the ancestors back to earth. 他们还点起灯笼，奏响乐曲，因为他们认为这样做可以把祖先引回到世上。In Mexico, people celebrate the Day of the Dead in early November. 在墨西哥，亡灵节是在11月初。On this important feast day, people eat food in the shape of skulls and cakes with “bones” on them. 在这个重要的节日里，人们会吃制成颅骨形状的食物，和装点有“骨头”的蛋糕。They offer food, flowers and gifts to the dead. 他们向亡者祭献食物、鲜花和礼品。The Western holiday Halloween also had its origin in old beliefs about the return of the spirits of dead people. 西方节日万圣节也源自人们古老的信念，认为亡者的灵魂会返回人间。It is now a children’s festival, when they can dress up and to their neighbours’ homes to ask for sweets. 万圣节如今成了孩子们的节日，这天他们可以乔装打扮上到邻居家要糖吃。If the neighbours do not give any sweets, the children might play a trick on them. 如果邻居什么糖也不给，那么孩子们就可以捉弄他们了。 Festivals to Honour People纪念名人的节日 Festivals can also be held to honour famous people . 也有纪念名人的节日。The Dragon Boat Festival in China honours the famous ancient poet, Qu Y uan. 中国的端午节（龙舟节），是纪念著名古代诗人屈原的。In the USA Columbus Day is in memory of the arrival of Christopher Columbus in New World. 美国的哥伦布日是纪念克里斯托弗·哥伦布发现“新大陆”的日子。India has a national festival on October 2 to honour Mohandas Gandhi, the leader who helped gain India’s independence from Britain. 印度在10月2日有个全国性节日，纪念莫汉达斯·甘地，他是帮助印度脱离英国而独立的领袖。 Harvest Festivals庆丰收的节日 Harvest and Thanksgiving festivals can be very happy events. 收获与感恩节是非常喜庆的节日。People are grateful because their food is gathered for the winter and the agricultural work is over. 越冬的粮食收集起来了，农活结束了，人们都心怀感激。In European countries, people will usually decorate churches and town halls with flowers and fruit, and will get together to have meals. 在欧洲国家，人们通常用花果来装饰教堂和市政厅，在一起聚餐。Some people might win awards for their farm produce, like the biggest watermelon or the most handsome rooster. 有些人还可能因为他们的农产品（参加各种评选）而获奖，比如最大的西瓜或最帅的公鸡。China and Japan have mid-autumn festivals, when people admire the moon and in China, enjoy
必修1第一单元Reading 阅读 ANNE’S BEST FRIEND Do you want a friend whom you could tell everything to, like your deepest feelings and thoughts? Or are you afraid that your friend would laugh at you, or would not understand what you are going through? Anne Frank wanted the first kind, so she made her diary her best friend. Anne lived in Amsterdam in the Netherlands during World War II. Her family was Jewish so the had to hide or they would be caught by the German Nazis. She and her family hide away for two years before they were discovered. During that time the only true friend was her diary. She said, “I don’t want to set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do, but I want this diary itself to be my friend, and I shall call my friend Kitty.” Now r ead how she felt after being in the hiding place since July 1942. Thursday 15, June, 1944 Dear kitty, I wonder if it’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature. I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue sky, the song of the birds, moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound. That’s changed since I was here.…For example, when it was so warm, I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven one evening in order to have a good look at the moon for once by myself. But as the moon gave far too much light, I didn’t dare open a window. Another time some months ago, I happened to be upstairs one evening when the window was open. I didn’t go downstairs until the window had to be shut. The dark, rainy evening, the wind, the thundering clouds held me entirely in their power; it was the first time in a year and a half that I’d seen the night face to face… …Sadly…I am only able to look at nature through dirty curtains hanging before very dusty windows. It’s no pleasure looking through these any longer because nature is one thing that really must be experienced. Yours, Anne Using Language 语言运用 Reading and listening 读与听 1 Read the letter that Lisa wrote to Miss Wang of Radio for Teenagers and predict what Miss Wang will say. After listening, check and discuss her advice. Dear Miss Wang, I am having some trouble with my classmates at the moment. I’m getting along well with a boy in my class. We often do homework together and we enjoy helping each other. We have become really good friends. But other students have started gossiping. They say that this boy and I have fallen in love. This has made me angry. I don’t want to end the friendship, but I hate other s gossiping. What should I do? Yours, Lisa Reading and writing 读与写 Miss Wang has received a letter from Xiaodong. He is also asking for some advice. Read the letter on the right carefully and help Miss Wang answer it.