06公共英语试题及答案

2006年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语试题重庆卷一、听力（共三节，满分30分）做题时，请先将答案划在试题卷上。

录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试题卷上的答案转涂或转填到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1. 5分，满分7. 5分）请听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试题卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

例：How much is the shirt?A. ￡19. 15.B. ￡9. 15.C. ￡9. 18. 答案是B。

1. Where is Fred now?A. At the office.B. At home.C.In class.2. Whose dictionary is this?A. Bill’s.B. The man.C. The woman’s.3. What is the woman doing?A. Listening to the radio.B. Reading a newspaper.C. Watching television.4. What does the woman say about the question?A. She is ready to explain it.B. She doesn’t understand it.C.She has no time to answer it.5. What is the conversation mainly about?A. The car.B. The bicycle.C. The oil price.第二节（共12小题；每小题1. 5分，满分18分）请听下面4段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试题卷的相应位置。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。

2006年6月大学英语六级CET6真题及答案本文是关于2006年6月大学英语六级CET6真题及答案，仅供参考，希望对您有所帮助，感谢阅读。

part i listening comprehension (20 minutes)section adirections: in this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. at the end of eachconversation, a question will be asked about what was said. both the conversationand the question will be spoken only once. after each question there will be a pause.during the pause, you must read the four choices marked a), b), c) and d), anddecide which is the best answer. then mark the corresponding letter on the answersheet with a single line through the center.example: you will hear:you will read:a) 2 hours.b) 3 hours.c) 4 hours.d) 5 hours.from the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they will start at 9o’clock in the morning and have to finish at 2 in the afternoon. therefore, d) “5 hours” is thecorrect answer. you should choose [d] on the answer sheet and mark itwith a single line throughthe center.sample answer [a] [b] [c] [d]1. a) she met with thomas just a few days ago.b) she can help with the orientation program.c) she is not sure she can pass on the message.d) she will certainly try to contact thomas.2. a) set the dinner table.b) change the light bulbc) clean the dining room.d) hold the ladder for him.3. a) he’d like a piece of pie.b) he’d like some coffeec) he’d rather stay in the warm room.d) he’s just had dinner with his friends.4. a) he has managed to sell a number of cars.b) he is contented with his current position.c) he might get fired.d) he has lost his job.5. a) tony’s secretary.b) paul’s girlfriend.c) paul’s colleague.d) tony’s wife.6. a) he was fined for running a red light.b) he was caught speeding on a fast lane.c) he had to run quickly to get the ticket.d) he made a wrong turn at the intersection.7. a) he has learned a lot from his own mistakes.b) he is quite experienced in taming wild dogs.c) he finds reward more effective than punishment.d) he thinks it important to master basic training skills.8. a) at a bookstore.b) at the dentist’s.c) in a restaurant.d) in the library.9. a) he doesn’t want jenny to get into trouble.b) he doesn’t agree with the woman’s remark.c) he thinks jenny’s workload too heavy at college.d) he believes most college students are running wild.10. a) it was applaudable.b) it was just terrible.c) the actors were enthusiastic.d) the plot was funny enough.section bdirections: in this section, you will hear 3 short passages. at the end of each passage, you willhear some questions. both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once.after you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choicesmarked a), b), c) and d). then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheetwith a single line through the centre.passage onequestions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. a) social work.b) medical carec) applied physicsd) special education.12. a) the timely advice from her friends and relatives.b) the two-year professional training she received.c) her determination to fulfill her dream.d) her parents’ consistent moral support.13. a) to get the funding for the hospitals.b) to help the disabled children there.c) to train therapists for the children there.d) to set up an institution for the handicapped.passage twoquestions 14 to 17 are based on the passage you have just heard.14. a) at a country school in mexico.b) in a mountain valley of spain.c) at a small american college.[page]d) in a small village in chile.15. a) by expanding their minds and horizons.b) by financing their elementary education.c) by setting up a small primary school.d) by setting them an inspiring example.16. a) she wrote poetry that broke through national barriers.b) she was a talented designer of original school curriculums.c) she proved herself to be an active and capable stateswoman.d) she made outstanding contributions to children’s education.17. a) she won the 1945 nobel prize in literature.b) she was the first woman to win a nobel prize.c) she translated her books into many languages.d) she advised many statesmen on international affairs.passage threequestion 18 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.18. a) how animals survive harsh conditions in the wild.b) how animals alter colors to match their surroundings.c) how animals protect themselves against predators.d) how animals learn to disguise themselves effectively.19. a) its enormous size.b) its plant-like appearance.c) its instantaneous response.d) its offensive smell.20. a) it helps improve their safety.b) it allows them to swim faster.c) it helps them fight their predators.d) it allows them to avoid twists and turns.part ii reading comprehension (35 minutes)directions: there are 4 passages in this part. each passage is followed by some questions orunfinished statements. for each of them there are four choices marked a),b),c) andd). you should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on theanswer sheet with a single line through the centre.passage onequestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.there are good reasons to be troubled by the violence that spreadsthroughout the media.movies. television and video games are full of gunplay and bloodshed, and one might reasonablyask what’s wrong with a society that presents videos of domestic violence as entertainment. mostresearchers agree that the causes of real-world violence are complex.a 1993 study by the u.s.national academy of sciences listed “biological, individual, family, peer, school, and communityfactors” as all playing their parts.viewing abnormally large amounts of violent television and video games may well contributeto violent behavior in certain individuals.the trouble comes when researchers downplay uncertainties in their studies or overstate thecase for causality (因果关系). skeptics were dismayed several years ago when a group ofsocieties including theamerican medical association tried to end the debate by issuing a joint statement: “at thistime, well over 1,000 studies… point overwhelmingly to a causal connection between mediaviolence and aggressive behavior in some children.”freedom-of-speech advocates accused the societies of catering to politicians, and evendisputed the number of studies (most were review articles and essays, they said). when jonathanfreedman, a social psychologist at the university of toronto, reviewedthe literature, he foundonly 200 or so studies of television-watching and aggression. and when he weeded out “the mostdoubtful measures of aggression”, only 28% supported a connection.the critical point here is causality. the alarmists say they have proved that violent mediacause aggression. but the assumptions behind their observations need to be examined. whenlabeling games as violent or non-violent, should a hero eating a ghost really be counted as aviolent event? and when experimenters record the time it takes game players to read ‘aggressive’or ‘non-aggressive’ words from a list, can we be sure what they are actually measuring? the intentof the new harvard center on media and child health to collect and standardize studies of mediaviolence in order to compare their methodologies, assumptions and conclusions is an important [page]step in the right direction.another appropriate ster would be to tone down the criticism until we know more. severalresearchers write, speak and testify quite a lot on the threat posed by violence in the media. that is,of course, their privilege. but when doing so, they often come out with statements that the matterhas now been settled, drawing criticism from colleagues. in response, the alarmists accuse criticsand news reporters of being deceived by the entertainment industry.such clashes help neitherscience nor society.21. why is there so much violence shown in movies, tv and video games?a) there is a lot of violence in the real world today.b) something has gone wrong with today’s society.c) many people are fond of gunplay and bloodshed.d) showing violence is thought to be entertaining.22. what is the skeptics (line 3. para.3) view of media violence?a) violence on television is a fairly accurate reflection of real-world life.b) most studies exaggerate the effect of media violence on the viewers.c) a causal relationship exists between media and real-world violence.d) the influence of media violence on children has been underestimated.23. the author uses the term “alarmists” (line 1. para.5) to refer to those who ______.a) use standardized measurements in the studies of media violenceb) initiated the debate over the influence of violent media on realityc) assert a direct link between violent media and aggressive behaviord) use appropriate methodology in examining aggressive behavior24. in refuting the alarmists, the author advances his argument by first challenging____.a) the source and amount of their datab) the targets of their observationc) their system of measurementd) their definition of violence25. what does the author think of the debate concerning the relationship between the media andviolence?a) more studies should be conducted before conclusions are drawn.b) it should come to an end since the matter has now been settled.c) the past studies in this field have proved to be misleading.d) he more than agrees with the views held by the alarmists.passage twoquestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.you’re in trouble if you have to buy your own brand-name prescription drugs. over the pastdecade, prices leaped by more than double the inflation rate. treatments for chronic conditions caneasily top ＄2,000 a month-no wonder that one in four americans can’s afford to fill theirprescriptions. the solution? a hearty chorus of “o canada.” north of the border, where pricecontrols reign, those same brand-name drugs cost 50% to 80% less.the canadian option is fast becoming a political wake-up call, “if our neighbors can buydrugs at reasonable prices, why can’t we?” even to whisper that thought provokes anger.“un-american!” and-the propagandists’ trump card (王牌)—“wreck our brilliant health-caresystem.” super-size drug prices, they claim, fund the research that sparks the next generation ofwonder drugs. no sky-high drug price today, no cure for cancer tomorrow. so shut up and pay up.common sense tells you that’s a false alternative. the reward for finding. say, a cancer cure is sohuge that no one’s going to hang it up. nevertheless, if canada-levelpricing came to the unitedstates, the industry’s profit margins would drop and the pace of new-drug development wouldslow. here lies the american dilemma. who is all this splendid medicine for? should ourhealth-care system continue its drive toward the best of the best, even though rising numbers ofpatients can’t afford it? or should we direct our wealth toward letting everyone in on today’s levelof care? measured by saved lives, the latter is almost certainly the better course.to defend their profits, the drug companies have warned canadian wholesalers andpharmacies(药房) not to sell to americans by mail, and are cutting back supplies to those whodare.meanwhile, the administration is playing the fear card. officials from the food and drug [page]administration will argue that canadian drugs might be fake, mishandled, or even a potentialthreat to life.do bad drugs fly around the internet? sure-and the more we look, the more we’ll find, but ihaven’t heard of any raging epidemics among the hundreds of thousands of people buyingcross-border.most users of prescription drugs don’s worry about costs a lot.they’re sheltered by employee insurance, owing just a $20 co-pay.the financial blows rain, instead, on the uninsured, especially the chronically ill who needexpensive drugs to live, this group will still include middle-income seniors on medicare, who’llhave to dig deeply into their pockets before getting much from the new drug benefit that starts in2006.26. what is said about the consequence of the rocketing drug prices in the u.s.?a) a quarter of americans can’t afford their prescription drugs.b) many americans can’t afford to see a doctor when they fall ill.c) many americans have to go to canada to get medical treatment.d) the inflation rate has been more than doubled over the years.27. it can be inferred that america can follow the canadian model and curb its soaring drugprices by _____.a) encouraging people to buy prescription drugs onlineb) extending medical insurance to all its citizensc) importing low-price prescription drugs from canadad) exercising price control on brand-name drugs28. how do propagandists argue for the u.s. drug pricing policy?a) low prices will affect the quality of medicines in america.b) high prices are essential to funding research on new drugs.c) low prices will bring about the anger of drug manufacturers.d) high-price drugs are indispensable in curing chronic diseases.29. what should be the priority of america’s health-care system according to the author?a) to resolve the dilemma in the health-care system.b) to maintain america’s lead in the drug industry.c) to allow the vast majority to enjoy its benefits.d) to quicken the pace of new drug development.30. what are american drug companies doing to protect their high profits?a) labeling drugs bought from canada as being fakes.b) threatening to cut back funding for new drug research.c) reducing supplies to uncooperative canadian pharmacies.d) attributing the raging epidemics to the ineffectiveness of canadian drugs.passage threequestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.age has its privileges in america. and one of the more prominent of them is the seniorcitizen discount. anyone who has reached a certain age-in some cases as low as 55-isautomatically entitled to a dazzling array of price reductions at nearly every level of commerciallife. eligibility is determined not by one’s need but by the date on one’s birth certificate.practically unheard of a generation ago, the discounts have become a routine part of manybusinesses-as common as color televisions in motel rooms and free coffee on airliners.people with gray hair often are given the discounts without even asking for them；yet，millions of americans above age 60 are healthy and solvent (有支付能力的). businesses thatwould never dare offer discounts to college students or anyone under30 freely offer them to olderamericans. the practice is acceptable because of the widespread belief that “elderly” and “needy”are synonymous (同义的).perhaps that once was true, but today elderly americans as a group have a lower poverty ratethan the rest of the population. to be sure, there is economic diversity within the elderly, and manyolder americans are poor, but most of them aren’t. it is impossible to determine the impact of thediscounts on individual companies. for many firms, they are a stimulus to revenue. but in othercases the discounts are given at the expense.directly or indirectly, of younger americans. moreover, they are a direct irritant in whatsome politicians and scholars see as a coming conflict between the generations.generational tensions are being fueled by continuing debate over social security benefits，[page]which mostly involves a transfer of resources from the young to the old. employment is anothersore point, buoyed (支持) by laws and court decisions, more and more older americans aredeclining the retirement dinner in favor of staying on the job-thereby lessening employment andpromotion opportunities for younger workers.far from a kind of charity they once were, senior citizen discounts have become a formidableeconomic privilege to a group with millions of members who don’t need them.it no longer makes sense to treat the elderly as a single group whose economic needs deservepriority over those of others. senior citizen discounts only enhance the myth that older peoplecan’t take care of themselves and need special treatment； and they threaten the creation of a newmyth, that the elderly are ungrateful and taking for themselves at the expense of children and otherage groups. senior citizen discounts are the essence of the very thing older americans are fightingagainst-discrimination by age.31. we learn from the first paragraph that____.a) offering senior citizens discounts has become routine commercial practiceb) senior citizen discounts have enabled many old people to live a decent lifec) giving senior citizens discounts has boosted the market for the elderlyd) senior citizens have to show their birth certificates to get a discount32. what assumption lies behind the practice of senior citizen discounts?a) businesses, having made a lot of profits, should do something for society in return.b) old people are entitled to special treatment for the contribution they made to society.c) the elderly, being financially underprivileged，need humane help from society.d) senior citizen discounts can make up for the inadequacy of the social security system.33. according to some politicians and scholars, senior citizen discounts will___.a) make old people even more dependent on societyb) intensify conflicts between the young and the oldc) have adverse financial impact on business companiesd) bring a marked increase in the companies revenues34. how does the author view the social security system?a) it encourages elderly people to retire in time.b) it opens up broad career prospects for young people.c) it benefits the old at the expense of the youngd) it should be reinforced by laws and court decisions35. which of the following best summarizes the author’s main argument?a) senior citizens should fight hard against age discrimination.b) the elderly are selfish and taking senior discounts for granted.c) priority should be given to the economic needs of senior citizens.d) senior citizen discounts may well be a type of age discrimination.passage fourquestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.in 1854 my great-grandfather, morris marable, was sold on an auction block in georgia for＄500. for his white slave master, the sale was just “business as usual.”but to morris marableand his heirs, slavery was a crime against our humanity. this pattern of human rights violationsagainst enslaved african-americans continued under racial segregation for nearly another century.the fundamental problem of american democracy in the 21st century is the problem of “structuralracism” the deep patterns of socio-economic inequality and accumulated disadvantage that arecoded by race, and constantly justified in public speeches by both racist stereotypes and whiteindifference. do americans have the capacity and vision to remove these structural barriers thatdeny democratic rights and opportunities to millions of their fellow citizens?this country has previously witnessed two great struggles to achieve a truly multiculturaldemocracy.the first reconstruction (1865-1877) ended slavery and briefly gave black men voting rights,but gave no meaningful compensation for two centuries of unpaid labor. the promise of “40 acresand a mule (骡子)”was for most blacks a dream deferred (尚未实现的).the second reconstruction (1954-1968), or the modern civil rights movement, ended legal [page]segregation in public accommodations and gave blacks voting rights . but these successesparadoxically obscure the tremendous human costs of historically accumulated disadvantage thatremain central to black americans’ lives.the disproportionate wealth that most whites enjoy today was firstconstructed fromcenturies of unpaid black labor. many white institutions, including some leading universities,insurance companies and banks, profited from slavery. this pattern of white privilege and blackinequality continues today.demanding reparations (赔偿) is not just about compensation for slavery and segregation. itis, more important, an educational campaign to highlight the contemporary reality of “racialdeficits” of all kinds, the unequal conditions that impact blacks regardless of class. structuralracism’s barriers include “equity inequity.” the absence of black capital formation that is a directconsequence of america’s history. one third of all black households actually have negative netwealth. in 1998 the typical black family’s net wealth was ＄16,400, less than one fifth that ofwhite families.black families are denied home loans at twice the rate of whites.blacks remain the last hired and first fired during recessions.during the 1990-91 recession. african-americans suffered disproportionately. at coca-cola,42 percent of employees who lost their jobs were blacks. at sears, 54 percent were black, blackshave significantly shorter life spans, in part due to racism in the health establishment. blacks arestatistically less likely than whites to be referred for kidneytransplants or early-stage cancersurgery.36. to the author, the auction of his great-grandfather is a typical example of____.a) crime against humanityb) unfair business transactionc) racial conflicts in georgiad) racial segregation in america37. the barrier to democracy in 21st century america is____.a) widespread use of racist stereotypesb) prejudice against minority groupsc) deep-rooted socio-economic inequalityd) denial of legal rights to ordinary blacks38. what problem remains unsolved in the two reconstructions?a) differences between races are deliberately obscured.b) the blacks are not compensated for their unpaid labor.c) there is no guarantee for blacks to exercise their rights.d) the interests of blacks are not protected by law.39. it is clear that the wealth enjoyed by most whites____.a) has resulted from business successes over the yearsb) has been accompanied by black capital formationc) has derived from sizable investments in educationd) has been accumulated from generations of slavery40. what does the author think of the current situation regarding racial discrimination?a) racism is not a major obstacle to blacks’ employment.b) inequality of many kinds remains virtually untouchedc) a major step has been taken towards reparations.d) little has been done to ensure blacks’ civil rights.part iii vocabulary (20 minutes)direction: there are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. for each sentence thereare four choices marked a), b), c) and d). choose the one answer that bestcompletes the sentence. then mark the corresponding letter on the answer sheet witha single line through the centre.41. because of the of its ideas, the book was in wide circulation both at home andabroad.a)originality b) subjectivityc) generality d) ambiguity42. with its own parliament and currency and a common ___ for peace, the europeanunion declared itself—in 11 official languages—open for business.a) inspiration b) assimilationc) intuition d) aspiration43. america has now adopted more _________ european-style inspection systems, and theincidence of food poisoning is falling.[page]a) discrete b) solemnc) rigorous d) autonomous44. mainstream pro-market economists all agree that competition is an ___ spur toefficiency and innovation.a) extravagant b) exquisitec) intermittent d) indispensable45. in the late 19th century, jules verne, the master of science fiction, foresaw many of thetechnological wonders that are ___ today.a) transient b) commonplacec) implicit d) elementary46. i was so ___ when i used the automatic checkout lane in the supermarket for the firsttime.a) immersed b) assaultedc) thrilled d) dedicated47. his arm was ___ from the shark’s mouth and reattached, but the boy, who alreadydied, remained in a delicate condition.a)retrieved b) retainedc) repelled d) restored48. bill gates and walt disney are two people america has ___ to be the greatestamerican.a) appointed b) appeasedc) nicknamed d) dominated49. the ___ majority of citizens tend to believe that the death penalty will help decreasethe crime rate.a) overflowing b) overwhelmingc) prevalent d) premium50. we will also see a ___ increase in the number of televisions per household, as smalltv displays are added to clocks, coffee makers and smoke detectors.a) startling b) surpassingc) suppressing d) stacking51. the advance of globalization is challenging some of our most ___ values and ideas,including our idea of what constitutes “home”.a) enriched b) enlightenedc) cherished d) chartered52. researchers have discovered that ___ with animals in an active way may lower aperson’s blood pressure.a) interacting b) integratingc) migrating d) merging53. the beatles, the most famous british band of the 196.s, traveled worldwide for many years,_________ cultural barriers.a) transporting b) transplantingc) transferring d) transcending54. in his last years, henry suffered from a disease that slowly ___ him of much of hissight.a) relieved b) jeopardizedc) deprived d) eliminated55. weight lifting, or any other sport that builds up your muscles, can make bones become denserand less ___ to injury.a) attached b) pronec) immune d) reconciled56. he has ___ to museums hundreds of his paintings as well as his entire personalcollection of modern art.a) ascribed b) attributedc) designated d) donated57. erik’s website contains ___ photographs and hundreds of articles and short videosfrom his trip around the globe.[page]a) prosperous b) gorgeousc) spacious d) simultaneous58. optimism is a ___ shown to be associated with good physical health, less depressionand longer life.a) trail b) traitc) trace d) track59. the institution has a highly effective program which helps first-year students make asuccessful ___ into college life.a) transformation b) transmissionc) transition d) transaction60. philosophers believe that desire, hatred and envy are “negative emotions” which ___the mind and lead it into a pursuit of power and possessions.a) distort b) reinforcec) exert d) scramble61. the term “glass ceiling” was first used by the wall street journal to describe the apparentbarriers that prevent women from reaching the top of the corporate ___.a) seniority b) superiorityc) height d) hierarchy62. various efforts have been made over the centuries to predict earthquakes, including observinglights in the sky and ___ animal behavior.a) abnormal b) exoticc) absurd d) erroneous63. around 80 percent of the ___ characteristics of most white britons have beenpassed down from a few thousand ice age hunters.a) intelligible b) randomc) spontaneous d) genetic64. picasso gained popularity in the mid-20th century, which was ___ of a new attitudetowards modern art.a) informative b) indicativec) exclusive d) expressive65. the country was an island that enjoyed civilized living for a thousand years or more withlittle ___ from the outside world.a) disturbance b) discriminationc) irritation d) irregularity66. fashion designers are rarely concerned with vital things like warmth, comfort and ________ .a) stability b) capabilityc) durability d) availability67. back in the days when people traveled by horse and carriage, karl benz ___ the。

+++++2006年职称英语等级考试试卷-综合类(A 级 (试题第 1部分:词汇选项(第 1~15题,每题 1分,共 15分下面每个句子中均有 1个词或短语划有底横线,请为每处划线部分确定 1个意义最为接近选项。

1She was a puzzle.A girlB womanC mysteryD problem2Her speciality is heart surgery.A regionB siteC platformD field3France has kept intimate links with its former African territories.A privateB friendlyC strongD secret4You should have blended the butter with the sugar thoroughly.A mixedB spreadC beatenD covered5The industrial revolution modified the whole structure of English society. A destroyed B broke C changed D smashed6Tickets are limited and will be allocated to those who apply first.A postedB sentC handedD given7The change in that village was miraculous.A amazingB conservativeC insignificantD unforgettable8Customers often defer payment for as long as possible.A makeB demandC obtainD postpone9Canada will prohibit smoking in all offices later this year.A removeB banC eliminateD expel10 She read a poem which depicts the splendor of the sunset.A declaresB assertsC announcesD describes11From my standpoint, this thing is just ridiculous.A point of viewB fieldC knowledgeD information 12 The latest census is encouraging.A statementB assessmentC countD evaluation 13 The curious looks from the strangers around her made her feel uneasy. A different B proud C unconscious D uncomfortable 14 Reading the job ad, he wondered whether he was eligible to apply for it.A ableB fortunateC competentD qualified15 He was elevated to the post of prime minister.A promotedB pulledC liftedD treated第 2部分:阅读判断(第 16~22题,每题 1分,共 7分下面的短文后列出了 7个句子, 请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断:如果该句提供的是正确信息,请选择 A ;如果该句提供的是错误信息,请选择 B ;如果该句的信息文中没有提及,请选择 C.Fairy Tales for All the WorldThis year, the world is marking the 200th anniversary of Danish author Hans Christian Andersen with a wide range of events.Andersen's tales have attracted millions of readers for more than a century. They continue to be among the best-known works of world literature. "The Ugly Duckling (小鸭 " and "The Little Mermaid (美人鱼 " are among the most famous.He was born on April 2, 1805, in the slums of Odense, Denmark. His father was a shoemaker and his mother worked as a washer-woman. Andersen received very little education, but his fascination with fairy tales inspired him to compose his own stories and arrange puppet (木偶 shows.His father died when he was 11. He was forced to go to work, first as an apprentice to a weaver and tailor and then in a tobacco factory. At the age of 14, he moved to Copenhagen to try a career as a singer, dancer and actor. He sang ina boy's choir (合唱团 , but he made very little money. He also tried the ballet,but his awkwardness made this impossible.Finally, when he was 17, Jonas Collin, a director of the Royal Theatre in Copenhagen discovered Andersen. After hearing Andersen read a play, Collin realized that he had talent. And he got money from the king for Andersen's education.In 1828, Andersen passed the entrance examinations to the university inCopenhagen. His writings were first published in 1829. In 1833, he received grant money for travel, which he used to visit Germany, France , Switzerland , and Italy. These journeys were recorded in his travelogues (旅行见闻。

答案1、 C They knew none of the other guests at the party.2、 B To the dentist's3、 C Dr.Andrews used to keep his patients waiting.4、 A Tom is usually talkative.5、 D To get the seminar schedule for the woman.6、 A The woman has to get the textbooks in other ways.7、 B Meet his lawyer.8、 A Jessic always says what she thinks.9、 D Helen is quiet.10、 D Jimmy's words are often not reliable.11、 C It has done more harm than good in the southern USA.12、 B They will soon be overgrown with kudzu.13、 C The climate there is unfavorable to its growth.14、 D An association of teachers and scholars15、 A Its largest expansinon took place during that period.16、 B Government funding.17、 C He started the organization Heifer International.18、 A To help starving families to become self-supporting.19、 A They should help other families the way they have been helped.20、 B It has helped relieve hunger in some developing countries.21. D they have difficulty finding qualified personnel at home22. D seeks either his own or his children's development23. A take cultural factors into consideration24. C provide a detailed description of their study and work experiences25. B the differences between the varieties of English26. C rewarding27. A girls will turn out to be less valuable than boys28. B girls can gain equal access to education29. C It will yield greater returns than other known investments.30. D the economic and social benefits of educating women31. C To prevent the car thief from restarting it once it stops.32. B self-prepared tools are no longer enough for car theft33. A A coded ignition key.34. D To allow for possible errors in the GPS system.35. B Contact the car owner.36. B Older parents can take better care of their children.37. D They have to go on working beyond their retirement age.38. C older parents tend to be concerned about their aging bodies39. A Approaching of death.40. C Not until they had the twins did they feel they had formed a family. Vocabulary41. A current42. B mood44. A held back45. D preferences46. C derive47. B occur48. D illegal49. A feature50. B forbids51. C penalty52. A distinguish53. D pick up54. C impression55. B participate56. D hold on to57. B tackle58. A state59. C significant60. D soared61. C symptoms62. A laid off63. B traced64. D proportion66. A performance67. C apply68. D affordable69. B treat70. D Inspired71. A ago 72. C idea 73. B come 74. A indoor 75. D revealed76. B down 77. C safe 78. A reduced 79. D destroy 80. B however81. C completely 82. A or 83. B fact 84. D developed 85. A starts86. D inevitably 87. C instead 88. C adopting 89. B beneficial 90. A Entire听力原文Section A11. M: What was it like working with those young stars?W: It was a great group, I always got mad when people said that we didn’t get along, just because we’re girls, there was n ever a fight. We had a great time.Q: What does the woman mean?12. M: Are you telling me you don’t have a housekeeper?W: No, we don’t. if you make a mess, you clean up yourself.Q: What do we learn from this conversation?13. M: I hear that the Edwards are thinking of buying another house.W: Should they be doing that with all the other expenses they have o pay? Anyhow, they are over 70 now, their present house is not too bad.Q: What does the man imply?14. W: You look like you are freezing to death. Why don’t you put this on?M: Thank you, it was so warm at noon, I didn’t expect the weather to change so quickly.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?15. W: I’ll have the steak, French fries, and let’s see, chocolate ice cream for dissert.M: Oh, oh, you know these things will ruin your health, too much fat and sugar, how about ordering some vegetables and fruit instead?Q: Where does the conversation most probably take place?16. W: What was it like growing up in New York’s Bronx District? Was it safe?M: To me it was, it was all I knew. My mom would send me to the shop and I’d go and buy things when I was about 8 years old.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?17. W: Nice weather, isn’t it? Oh, I’ve seen you around the office, butI don’t think we’ve met, I am Henry Smith, I work in the Market Research Section.M: Nice to meet you, Henry, I am Helen Grant, I am in the Advertising Section on the ninth floor.Q: What can we infer from the conversation?18. M: Ma’am, I hear you have an apartment for rent, can I take a look at it?W: Sure, you’re welcome any time by appointment, but I have to tell you the building is close to a railways. And if you can’t put up with the noise you might as well save the trip.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?Conversation 1W: Please have a seat, Mr. Saunders. I received your job resume last week, and it was very impressed.M: Thank you!W: We are a small financial company trading mostly stocks and bonds may I ask why you are so interested in working for us?M: Your company has an impressive reputation and I’ve always wanted to work for a smaller company.W: That’s good to hear. Would you mind telling me a little bit about your present job?M: I’m currently working in a large international company in charge of a team of 8 brokers. We buy and sell stocks for major clients worldwide.W: Why do you think you are the right candidate for this position?M: As a head broker, I have a lot of experiences in the stock market, I deal with the clients on the daily bases, and I enjoy working with people.W: Well, you might just be the person we’ve been looking for. Do you have any questions?M: Aha, if I were hired, how many accounts would I be handling?W: you will be working with two other head brokers, in another words, you will be handling about a third of our clients.M: And who would I report to?W: Directly to me.M: I see. What kind of benefits package do you offer?W: Two weeks of paid vacation in your first year employment, you are also been entitled to medical and dental insurance, but this is something you should discuss with our Personnel Department. Do you have any other questions?M: No not at the moment.W: Well, I have to discuss you application with my colleagues and we’ll get back to you early next week.M: OK, thanks, it’s been nice meeting you!W: Nice meeting you too! And thanks for coming in today.19. What’s the purpose of Mr. Saunders’ visit?20. What is Mr. Saunders’ current job?21. What can we conclude from the conversation?Conversation 21W: Pardon?M: The book! You haven’t turned the page in the last ten minutes.W: No, Jim, I suppose I haven’t. I need to get through it, though, bu t I keep drifting away.M: So it doesn’t really hold your interest?W: No, not really. I wouldn’t bother with it, to be honest, but I have to read it for a seminar. I’m at a university.M: It’s a labor of labor then rather than a labor of love.W: I should say, I don’t like Dickens at all really, the author, indeed, I am starting to like the whole course less and less.M: It’s not just the book,, it’s the curse as well?W: Yeah, in a way, although the curse itself isn’t really that bad, a lot of it is pretty good, in fact, and the lecturer is fine, as to me, I suppose, you see, I want to do philosophy rather than English, but my parents took me out of it.M: So the courses are OK as such, it’s just that had if been left to you, you would choose a different one.W: Oh, they had my best interest and heart of course, my parents, they always do, don’t they? They believe that my job prospect would be pretty limited with the degree of philosophy. Plus, they give me a really generous allowance, but I am beginning to feel that I’m wasting my time and their money. They would be so disappointed though if I told them I was quitting.22. Why can’t Karen concentrate on the book?23. Why is Karen starting to like the course less and less?24. Who thinks Philosophy graduates have limited job opportunities?25. What is Karen thinking of doing?Section BPassage OneIn Greece, only rich people will rest in peace for ever when they die. Most of the population, however, will be undisturbed for only three years, then they will be dug up, washed, compressed into a small tin box, and placed in a bone room. If the body has only partially decayed, it is reburied in a smaller cheaper grave, but not for long, the body will be dug up again some time later when it has fully decayed. Buying a piece of land for a grave is the only way to avoid this process. The cost of the grave is so great that most p0eople choose to rent the grave for three years and even after it has been dug up, lasting peace is still not guaranteed. If no one pays for renting space in the bone room, the skeleton is removed and stored in a building in a poor part of the town. Lack of space in Athens is the main reason why the dead are dug up after the three years. The city is so overcrowded that sometimes dead bodies are kept in the hospitals for over a week until a grave is found. Athens’ city council wants to introduce cremation, that is burning dead bodies as a means of dealing with the problems. But the Greek church resists this practice, they believe the only place where people burn is hell, so burning dead bodies is against the Greek concept of life after death. To save space, the church suggested burying the bodies standing up instead of lying down. Some people proposed building multi-storey underground grave yards.26. What must Greeks do to keep the dead resting in ever-lasting peace?27. Why are most dead bodies in Athens dug up after three years?28. What suggestions does the church give about the burying of dead bodies?29. What practice does the Greek church object to?Passage TwoIf you visit a big city anywhere in the world, you will probably find a restaurant would serve the food of your own native country. Most large cities in theoffer international sample of foods. Many people enjoy eating the food of other nations. This is probably one reason why there are so many different kinds of restaurants in theUnited States. A second reason is that many Americans come from other part of the world. They enjoy tasting the foods of their native lands. In the city of Detroit, for example, there are many people from western Europe, Greece, Latin America, and the Far East. There are many restaurants in Detroit which serve the foods of these areas. There are many other international restaurants too. Americans enjoy the foods in these restaurants as well as the opportunity to better understand the people and their way of life. One of the most common international restaurants to be found in theUnited States is the Italian restaurant. The restaurant may be a small business run by a single family. The mother of the family cooks all of the dishes, and the father and children serve the people who come to eat there. Or it may be a large restaurant owned by several different people who worked together in the business. Many Italian dishes that Americans enjoy are made with meats, tomatoes and cheese, they are very delicious and tasty.30. Why are there so many international restaurants in the United States?31. Why do Americans like to go to international restaurants apart from enjoying the foods there?32. How is a typical Italian family restaurant run in theUnited States?Passage ThreeOne winter day in 1891, a class at a training school in Massachusetts, U.S.A, went into the gym for their daily exercises. Since the football season had ended, most of the young man felt they were in for a boring time.But their teacher, James Nasmith had other ideas. He had been working for a long time on a new game that would have the excitement of the American football. Nasmith showed the men a basket he had hung at the each end of the gym, and explained that they were going to sue a round European football, at first everybody tried to throw the ball into the basket no matter where he was standing. “Pass! Pass!” Nasmith kept shouting, blowing his whistle to stop the excited players. Slowly, they began to understand what was wanted of them. The problem with the new game, which was soon called “basketball”， was getting the ball out of the basket. They used ordinary food baskets with bottoms and the ball, of course, stayed inside. At first, someone had to climb up every time a basket was scored. It was several years before someone came up with the idea of removing the bottom of the basket and letting the ball fall through. There have been many changes in the rules since then, and basketball has become one of the world’s most popular sports.33. What did Nasmith do to entertain his students one winter day?34. According the speaker, what was the problem with the new game?35. How was the problem with the new game solved?Section CFor Americans, time is money. They say, “you only get so much time in this life; you’d better use it wisely.” The （36） ________ will not be better than the past or present, as American are （37） ________ to see things, unless people use their time for constructive activity. Thus Americans （38）________ a “well-organized” person, one who has a written list of thins to do and a （39） ________ for doing them. The ideal person is punctual and is （40）________ of other people’s time. They do not （41）________ people’s time with conversation or other activity that has no （42） ________ beneficial outcome.The American attitude toward time is not （43） ________ shared by others, especially non-Europeans. They are more likely to regard time as （44）________________________________. One of the more difficult things many students must adjust to in the states is the notion that time must be saved whenever possible and used wisely every day.In the contest （45）________________________________, McDonald’s, KFC, and other fast food establishments are successful in a country where many people want to spend the least amount of time preparing an d eating meals. As McDonald’s restaurants （46） ________________________________, bringing not just hamburgers but an emphasis on speed, efficiency, and shiny cleanliness.36. future37. trained38. admire39. schedule40. considerate41. waste42. visible43. necessarily44. something that is simply there around them, not something they can use45. the fast food industry can be seen as a clear example of American cultural product46. spread around the world, they have been viewed as symbols of American society and culture（注：可编辑下载，若有不当之处，请指正，谢谢!）。

2006年度全国职称外语等级考试试卷英语（综合类A级）第1部分：词汇选项（第1～15题，每　题1分，共15分）下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近选项。

1　She was a puzzle.A　girl B　womanC　mystery D　problemHer speciality is heart surgery.A　region B siteC　platform D field3　France has kept intimate links with its former African territories.A　private B friendlyC　strong D secret4　You should have blended the butter with the sugar thoroughly.A　mixed B spreadC　beaten D covered5　The industrial revolution modified the whole structure of English society.A　destroyed B brokeC　changed D smashed6　Tickets are limited and will be allocated to those who apply first.A　posted B sentC　handed D given7　The change in that village was miraculous.A　amazing B conservativeC　insignificant D unforgettable8　Customers often defer payment for as long as possible.A　make B demandC　obtain D postpone9　Canada will prohibit smoking in all offices later this year.A　remove B banC　eliminate D expel10 She read a poem which depicts the splendor of the sunset.A　declares B assertsC　announces D describes11　From my standpoint, this thing is just ridiculous.A　point of view B fieldC　knowledge D information12 The latest census is encouraging.A　statement B assessmentC　count D evaluation13 The curious looks from the strangers around her made her feel uneasy.A　different B proudC　unconscious D uncomfortable14 Reading the job ad, he wondered whether he was eligible to apply for it.A　able B fortunateC　competent D qualified15 He was elevated to the post of prime minister.A　promoted B　pulledC　lifted D treated第2部分：阅读判断（第16～22题，每题1分，共7分）下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提　供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。

2006年职称英语考试综合类（C级）试题及答案（2）第3部分：概括大意与完成句子（第23～30题，每题1分，共8分）下面的短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2～5段每段1选择个最佳标题；（2）第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。

Nice Name But She#39;s So Deadly1 More than a million people in the United States were told to leave their homes over the weekend as Hurricane （飓风）Dennis headed to the Gulf coast， after killing at least 15 people in the Caribbean Sea.2 If you read the news often enough=，you may notice that all hurricanes are given names. Why is that？ Remember，there can be more than one hurricane operating at one time. Without naming them，we could get confused about which storm we#39;re talking about.3 For hundreds of years， hurricanes in the Caribbean were named after the particular religious day on which they occurred. One Australian meteorologist （气象学家）began giving women#39;s names to tropical storms at the end of the 19th century. In 1953， the US National Weather Service， which is responsible for tracking hurricanes and issuing warnings， began using female names for storms. By i979，both women and men#39;s names were being used. One name for each letter of the alphabet （字母表） is selected， except for Q， U and Z.4 So who decides which names are used#39; each year？The World Meteorological Organization uses six lists in rotation，so each list is reused every six years.5Here#39;s a list of the 2005 Atlantic hurricanes，according to the US National Hurricane Centre： Arlene， Bret，Cindy，Dennis，Emily，Franklin，Gert，Harvey，Irene，Jose， Katrina， Lee， Maria， Nate， Ophelia， Philippe， Rita，Stan， Tammy， Vince， Wilma.23 Paragraph 1 .24 Paragraph 2 .25 Paragraph 3 .26 Paragraph 4 .A Reason for naming hurricanesB Warning of an approaching hurricaneC Deadly womenD History of naming hurricanesE Organization responsible for naming hurricanesF Ways to track hurricanes27 Over a million people were warned not（）。

2006年职称英语考试综合类(C级)试题及答案第1部分：词汇选项（第1～15题，每题1分，共15分）下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近选项。

1 She was close to success.A．fastB．quickC．nearD．tight2 The two girls look alike.A．beautifulB．similarC．prettyD．attractive3 The boy is intelligent.A．cleverB．naughtyC．difficultD．active4 Everybody was glad to see Mary back.A．sorryB．sadC．angryD．happy5 What is your goal life?A．planB．aimC．arrangementD．idea6 Jack was dismissed.A．firedB．finedC．exhaustedD．criticized7 John is crazy about pop musicA．sorryB．mad8 It is the movement, not the color, of objects that excites the bullA．frightensB．scaresC．arousesD．confuses9 It is highly unlikely that she will arrive today.A．probablyB．veryC．hardlyD．possibly10 I am feeling a lot more healthy than I wasA．manyB．noC．muchD．some11 Since ancient times people have found various ways to preserve meatA．eatB．cookC．freezeD．keep12 We packed up the things we had accumulated (积累) over the last three years and left. A．lateB．recentC．pastD．final13 The expedition reached the summit at 10:30 that morningA．bottom of the mountainB．foot of the mountainC．top of the mountainD．starting point14 There is always excitement at the Olympic Games when an athlete breaks a previous record of performance.A．beatsB．destroys15 The president proposed that we should bring the meeting to a close.A．statedB．saidC．suggestedD．announced第2部分：阅读判断（第16～22题，每题1分，共7分）下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。

2006年6月大学英语六级CET6真题及答案2006年6月大学英语六级CET6真题及答案part i listening compreheion (20 minutes)section adirectio: in this section, you will hear 10 short conveatio. at the end of eachconveation, a question will be asked about what was said. both the conveationand the question will be spoken only once. after each question there will be a pause.during the pause, you must read the four choices marked a), b), c) and d), anddecide which is the best awer. then mark the corresponding letter on the awersheet with a single line through the center.example: you will hear:you will read:a) 2 hou.b) 3 hou.c) 4 hou.d) 5 hou.from the conveation we know that the two were talking about some work they will start at 9o’clock in the morning and have to finish at 2 in the afternoon. therefore, d) “5 hou” is thecorrect awer. you should choose [d] on the awer sheet and mark it with a single line throughthe center.sample awer [a] [b] [c] [d]1. a) she met with thomas just a few days ago.b) she can help with the orientation program.c) she is not sure she can pass on the message.d) she will certainly try to contact thomas.2. a) set the dinner table.b) change the light bulbc) clean the dining room.d) hold the ladder for him.3. a) he’d like a piece of pie.b) he’d like some coffeec) he’d rather stay in the warm room.d) he’s just had dinner with his friends.4. a) he has managed to sell a number of ca.b) he is contented with his current position.c) he might get fired.d) he has lost his job.5. a) tony’s secretary.b) paul’s girlfriend.c) paul’s colleague.d) tony’s wife.6. a) he was fined for running a red light.b) he was caught speeding on a fast lane.c) he had to run quickly to get the ticket.d) he made a wrong turn at the inteection.7. a) he has learned a lot from his own mistakes.b) he is quite experienced in taming wild dogs.c) he finds reward more effective than punishment.d) he thinks it important to master basic training skills.8. a) at a bookstore.b) at the dentist’s.c) in a restaurant.d) in the library.9. a) he doesn’t want jenny to get into trouble.b) he doesn’t agree with the woman’s remark.c) he thinks jenny’s workload too heavy at college.d) he believes most college students are running wild.10. a) it was applaudable.b) it was just terrible.c) the acto were enthusiastic.d) the plot was funny enough.section bdirectio: in this section, you will hear 3 short passages. at the end of each passage, you willhear some questio. both the passage and the questio will be spoken only once.after you hear a question, you must choose the best awer from the four choicesmarked a), b), c) and d). then mark the corresponding letter on the awer sheetwith a single line through the centre.passage onequestio 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. a) social work.b) medical carec) applied physicsd) special education.12. a) the timely advice from her friends and relatives.b) the two-year professional training she received.c) her determination to fulfill her dream.d) her parents’ coistent moral support.13. a) to get the funding for the hospitals.b) to help the disabled children there.c) to train therapists for the children there.d) to set up an ititution for the handicapped.passage twoquestio 14 to 17 are based on the passage you have just heard.14. a) at a country school in mexico.b) in a mountain valley of spain.c) at a small american college.[page]d) in a small village in chile.15. a) by expanding their minds and horizo.b) by financing their elementary education.c) by setting up a small primary school.d) by setting them an ipiring example.16. a) she wrote poetry that broke through national barrie.b) she was a talented designer of original school curriculums.c) she proved heelf to be an active and capable stateswoman.d) she made outstanding contributio to children’s education.17. a) she won the 1945 nobel prize in literature.b) she was the fit woman to win a nobel prize.c) she tralated her books into many languages.d) she advised many statesmen on international affai. passage threequestion 18 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.18. a) how animals survive hah conditio in the wild.b) how animals alter colo to match their surroundings.c) how animals protect themselves agait predato.d) how animals learn to disguise themselves effectively.19. a) its enormous size.b) its plant-like appearance.c) its itantaneous respoe.d) its offeive smell.20. a) it helps improve their safety.b) it allows them to swim faster.c) it helps them fight their predato.d) it allows them to avoid twists and tur.part ii reading compreheion (35 minutes)directio: there are 4 passages in this part. each passage is followed by some questio orunfinished statements. for each of them there are four choices marked a),b),c) andd). you should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on theawer sheet with a single line through the centre.passage onequestio 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.there are good reaso to be troubled by the violence that spreads throughout the media.movies. television and video games are full of gunplay and bloodshed, and one might reasonablyask what’s wrong with a society that presents videos of domestic violence as entertainment. mostresearche agree that the causes of real-world violence are complex. a 1993 study by the u.s.national academy of sciences listed “biological, individual, family, peer, school, and communityfacto” as all playing their parts.viewing abnormally large amounts of violent television and video games may well contributeto violent behavior in certain individuals.the trouble comes when researche downplay uncertainties in their studies or ovetate thecase for causality (因果关系). skeptics were dismayed several yea ago when a group ofsocieties including theamerican medical association tried to end the debate by issuing a joint statement: “at thistime, well over 1,000 studies… point overwhelm ingly to a causal connection between mediaviolence and aggressive behavior in some children.”freedom-of-speech advocates accused the societies of catering to politicia, and evendisputed the number of studies (most were review articles and essays, they said). when jonathanfreedman, a social psychologist at the univeity of toronto, reviewed the literature, he foundonly 200 or so studies of television-watching and aggression. and when he weeded out “the mostdoubtful measures of aggression”, only 28% supp orted a connection.the critical point here is causality. the alarmists say they have proved that violent mediacause aggression. but the assumptio behind their observatio need to be examined. whenlabeling games as violent or non-violent, should a hero eating a ghost really be counted as aviolent event? and when experimente record the time it takes game playe to read ‘aggressive’or ‘non-aggressive’ words from a list, can we be sure what they are actually measuring? the intentof the new harvard center on media and child health to collect and standardize studies of mediaviolence in order to compare their methodologies, assumptio and conclusio is an important [page]step in the right direction.another appropriate ster would be to tone down the criticism until we know more. severalresearche write, speak and testify quite a lot on the threat posed by violence in the media. that is,of coue, their privilege. but when doing so, they often come out with statements that the matterhas now been settled, drawing criticism from colleagues. in respoe, the alarmists accuse criticsand news reporte of being deceived by the entertainment industry. such clashes help neitherscience nor society.21. why is there so much violence shown in movies, tv and video games?a) there is a lot of violence in the real world today.b) something has gone wrong with today’s society.c) many people are fond of gunplay and bloodshed.d) showing violence is thought to be entertaining.22. what is the skeptics (line 3. para.3) view of media violence?a) violence on television is a fairly accurate reflection of real-world life.b) most studies exaggerate the effect of media violence on the viewe.c) a causal relatiohip exists between media and real-world violence.d) the influence of media violence on children has been underestimated.23. the author uses the term “alarmists” (line 1. para.5) to refer to those who ______.a) use standardized measurements in the studies of media violenceb) initiated the debate over the influence of violent media on realityc) assert a direct link between violent media and aggressive behaviord) use appropriate methodology in examining aggressive behavior24. in refuting the alarmists, the author advances his argument by fit challenging____.a) the source and amount of their datab) the targets of their observationc) their system of measurementd) their definition of violence25. what does the author think of the debate concerning the relatiohip between the media andviolence?a) more studies should be conducted before conclusio are drawn.b) it should come to an end since the matter has now been settled.c) the past studies in this field have proved to be misleading.d) he more than agrees with the views held by the alarmists.passage twoquestio 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.you’re in trouble if you have to buy your own brand-name prescription drugs. over the pastdecade, prices leaped by more than double the inflation rate. treatments for chronic conditio caneasily top ＄2,000 a month-no wonder that one in four america can’s afford to fill theirprescriptio. the solution? a hearty chorus of “o canada.” north of the border, where pricecontrols reign, those same brand-name drugs cost 50% to 80% less.the canadian option is fast becoming a political wake-up call, “if our neighbo can buydrugs at reasonable prices, why can’t we?” even to whisper that thought provokes anger.“un-american!” and-the propagandists’ trump card (王牌)—“wreck our brilliant health-caresystem.” super-size drug prices, they claim, fund the research that sparks the next generation ofwonder drugs. no sky-high drug price today, no cure for cancer tomorrow. so shut up and pay up.common see tells you that’s a false alternative. the reward for finding. say, a cancer cure is sohu ge that no one’s going to hang it up. nevertheless, if canada-level pricing came to the unitedstates, the industry’s profit margi would drop and the pace of new-drug development wouldslow. here lies the american dilemma. who is all this splendid medicine for? should ourhealth-care system continue its drive toward the best of the best, even though rising numbe ofpatients can’t afford it? or should we direct our wealth toward letting everyone in on today’s levelof care? measured by saved lives, the latter is almost certainly the better coue.to defend their profits, the drug companies have warned canadian wholesale andpharmacies(药房) not to sell to america by mail, and are cutting back supplies to those whodare.meanwhile, the administration is playing the fear card. officials from the food and drug [page]administration will argue that canadian drugs might be fake, mishandled, or even a potentialthreat to life.do bad drugs fly around the internet? sure-and the more we look, the more we’ll find, but ih aven’t heard of any raging epidemics among the hundreds of thousands of people buyingcross-border.most use of prescription drugs don’s worry about costs a lot.they’re sheltered by employee iurance, owing just a $20 co-pay.the financial blows rain, itead, on the uniured, especially the chronically ill who needexpeive drugs to live, this group will still include middle-income senioon medicare, who’llhave to dig deeply into their pockets before getting much from the new drug benefit that starts in2006.26. what is said about the coequence of the rocketing drug prices in the u.s.?a) a quarter of america can’t afford their prescription drugs.b) many america can’t afford to see a doctor when they fall ill.c) many america have to go to canada to get medical treatment.d) the inflation rate has been more than doubled over the yea.27. it can be inferred that america can follow the canadian model and curb its soaring drugprices by _____.a) encouraging people to buy prescription drugs onlineb) extending medical iurance to all its citizec) importing low-price prescription drugs from canadad) exercising price control on brand-name drugs28. how do propagandists argue for the u.s. drug pricing policy?a) low prices will affect the quality of medicines in america.b) high prices are essential to funding research on new drugs.c) low prices will bring about the anger of drug manufacture.d) high-price drugs are indispeable in curing chronic diseases.29. what should be the priority of america’s health-care system according to the author?a) to resolve the dilemma in the health-care system.b) to maintain america’s lead in the drug industry.c) to allow the vast majority to enjoy its benefits.d) to quicken the pace of new drug development.30. what are american drug companies doing to protect their high profits?a) labeling drugs bought from canada as being fakes.b) threatening to cut back funding for new drug research.c) reducing supplies to uncooperative canadian pharmacies.d) attributing the raging epidemics to the ineffectiveness of canadian drugs.passage threequestio 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.age has its privileges in america. and one of the more prominent of them is the seniorcitizen discount. anyone who has reached a certain age-in some cases as low as 55-isautomatically entitled to a dazzling array of price reductio at nearly every level of commerciallife. eligibility is determined not by one’s need but by the date on one’s birth certificate.practically unheard of a generation ago, the discounts have become a routine part of manybusinesses-as common as color televisio in motel rooms and free coffee on airline.people with gray hair often are given the discounts without even asking for them；yet，millio of america above age 60 are healthy and solvent (有支付能力的). businesses thatwould never dare offer discounts to college students or anyone under 30 freely offer them to olderamerica. the practice is acceptable because of the widespread belief that “elderly” and “needy”are synonymous (同义的).perhaps that once was true, but today elderly america as a group have a lower poverty ratethan the rest of the population. to be sure, there is economic diveity within the elderly, and manyolder america are poor, but most of them aren’t. it is impossible to determine the impact of thediscounts on individual companies. for many firms, they are a stimulus to revenue. but in othercases the discounts are given at the expee.directly or indirectly, of younger america. moreover, they are a direct irritant in whatsome politicia and schola see as a coming conflict between the generatio.generational teio are being fueled by continuing debate over social security benefits，[page]which mostly involves a trafer of resources from the young to the old. employment is anothersore point, buoyed (支持) by laws and court decisio, more and more older america aredeclining the retirement dinner in favor of staying on the job-thereby lessening employment andpromotion opportunities for younger worke.far from a kind of charity they once were, senior citizen discounts have become a formidableeconomic privilege to a group with millio of membe who don’t need them.it no longer makes see to treat the elderly as a single group whose economic needs deservepriority over those of othe. senior citizen discounts only enhance the myth that older peoplecan’t take care of themselves and need special treatment； and they threaten the creation of a newmyth, that the elderly are ungrateful and taking for themselves at the expee of children and otherage groups. senior citizen discounts are the essence of the very thing older america are fightingagait-discrimination by age.31. we learn from the fit paragraph that____.a) offering senior citize discounts has become routine commercial practiceb) senior citizen discounts have enabled many old people to live a decent lifec) giving senior citize discounts has boosted the market for the elderlyd) senior citize have to show their birth certificates to get a discount32. what assumption lies behind the practice of senior citizen discounts?a) businesses, having made a lot of profits, should do something for society in return.b) old people are entitled to special treatment for the contribution they made to society.c) the elderly, being financially underprivileged，need humane help from society.d) senior citizen discounts can make up for the inadequacy of the social security system.33. according to some politicia and schola, senior citizen discountswill___.a) make old people even more dependent on societyb) inteify conflicts between the young and the oldc) have advee financial impact on business companiesd) bring a marked increase in the companies revenues34. how does the author view the social security system?a) it encourages elderly people to retire in time.b) it ope up broad career prospects for young people.c) it benefits the old at the expee of the youngd) it should be reinforced by laws and court decisio35. which of the following best summarizes the author’s main a rgument?a) senior citize should fight hard agait age discrimination.b) the elderly are selfish and taking senior discounts for granted.c) priority should be given to the economic needs of senior citize.d) senior citizen discounts may well be a type of age discrimination.passage fourquestio 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.in 1854 my great-grandfather, morris marable, was sold on an auction block in georgia for＄500. for his white slave master, the sale was just “business as usual.” but to morris marableand his hei, slavery was a crime agait our humanity. this pattern of human rights violatioagait elaved african-america continued under racial segregation for nearly another century.the fundamental problem of american democracy in the 21st century is the problem of “structuralracism” the deep patter of socio-economic inequality and accumulated disadvantage that arecoded by race, and cotantly justified in public speeches by both racist stereotypes and whiteindifference. do america have the capacity and vision to remove these structural barrie thatdeny democratic rights and opportunities to millio of their fellowcitize?this country has previously witnessed two great struggles to achieve a truly multiculturaldemocracy.the fit recotruction (1865-1877) ended slavery and briefly gave black men voting rights,but gave no meaningful compeation for two centuries of unpaid labor. the promise of “40 acresand a mule (骡子)”was for most blacks a dream deferred (尚未实现的).the second recotruction (1954-1968), or the modern civil rights movement, ended legal [page]segregation in public accommodatio and gave blacks voting rights . but these successesparadoxically obscure the tremendous human costs of historically accumulated disadvantage thatremain central to black america’ lives.the disproportionate wealth that most whites enjoy today was fit cotructed fromcenturies of unpaid black labor. many white ititutio, including some leading univeities,iurance companies and banks, profited from slavery. this pattern of white privilege and blackinequality continues today.demanding reparatio (赔偿) is not just about compeation for slavery and segregation. itis, more important, an educational campaign to highlight the contemporary reality of “racialdeficits” of all kinds, the unequal conditio that impact blacks regardless of class. structuralracism’s barrie include “equity inequity.” the absence of black capital formation that is a directcoequence of america’s history. one third of all black households actually have negative netwealth. in 1998 the typical black family’s net wealth was ＄16,400, less than one fifth that ofwhite families.black families are denied home loa at twice the rate of whites.blacks remain the last hired and fit fired during recessio.during the 1990-91 recession. african-america suffered disproportionately. at coca-cola,42 percent of employees who lost their jobs were blacks. at sea, 54 percent were black, blackshave significantly shorter life spa, in part due to racism in the health establishment. blacks arestatistically less likely than whites to be referred for kidney traplants or early-stage cancersurgery.36. to the author, the auction of his great-grandfather is a typical example of____.a) crime agait humanityb) unfair business traactionc) racial conflicts in georgiad) racial segregation in america37. the barrier to democracy in 21st century america is____.a) widespread use of racist stereotypesb) prejudice agait minority groupsc) deep-rooted socio-economic inequalityd) denial of legal rights to ordinary blacks38. what problem remai uolved in the two recotructio?a) differences between races are deliberately obscured.b) the blacks are not compeated for their unpaid labor.c) there is no guarantee for blacks to exercise their rights.d) the interests of blacks are not protected by law.39. it is clear that the wealth enjoyed by most whites____.a) has resulted from business successes over the yeab) has been accompanied by black capital formationc) has derived from sizable investments in educationd) has been accumulated from generatio of slavery40. what does the author think of the current situation regarding racial discrimination?a) racism is not a major obstacle to blacks’ employment.b) inequality of many kinds remai virtually untouchedc) a major step has been taken towards reparatio.d) little has been done to eure blacks’ civil rights.part iii vocabulary (20 minutes)direction: there are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. for each sentence thereare four choices marked a), b), c) and d). choose the one awer that best completes the sentence. then mark the corresponding letter on the awer sheet witha single line through the centre.41. because of the of its ideas, the book was in wide circulation both at home andabroad.a)originality b) subjectivityc) generality d) ambiguity42. with its own parliament and currency and a common ___ for peace, the europeanunion declared itself—in 11 official languages—open for business.a) ipiration b) assimilation43. america has now adopted more _________ european-style ipection systems, and theincidence of food poisoning is falling.[page]a) discrete b) solemnc) rigorous d) autonomous44. maitream pro-market economists all agree that competition is an ___ spur toefficiency and innovation.a) extravagant b) exquisitec) intermittent d) indispeable45. in the late 19th century, jules verne, the master of science fiction, foresaw many of thetechnological wonde that are ___ today.a) traient b) commonplacec) implicit d) elementary46. i was so ___ when i used the automatic checkout lane inthe supermarket for the fittime.a) immeed b) assaultedc) thrilled d) dedicated47. his arm was ___ from the shark’s mouth and reattached,but the boy, who alreadydied, remained in a delicate condition.a)retrieved b) retainedc) repelled d) restored48. bill gates and walt disney are two people america has ___to be the greatestamerican.a) appointed b) appeasedc) nicknamed d) dominated49. the ___ majority of citize tend to believe that the death penalty will help decreasethe crime rate.a) overflowing b) overwhelmingc) prevalent d) premium50. we will also see a ___ increase in the number of televisioper household, as smalltv displays are added to clocks, coffee make and smoke detecto.a) startling b) surpassing51. the advance of globalization is challenging some of our most ___ values and ideas,including our idea of what cotitutes “home”.a) enriched b) enlightenedc) cherished d) chartered52. researche have discovered that ___ with animals in an active way may lower apeon’s blood pressure.a) interacting b) integratingc) migrating d) merging53. the beatles, the most famous british band of the 196.s, traveled worldwide for many yea,_________ cultural barrie.a) traporting b) traplantingc) traferring d) tracending54. in his last yea, henry suffered from a disease that slowly___ him of much of hissight.a) relieved b) jeopardizedc) deprived d) eliminated55. weight lifting, or any other sport that builds up your muscles, can make bones become deerand less ___ to injury.a) attached b) pronec) immune d) reconciled56. he has ___ to museums hundreds of his paintings as wellas his entire peonalcollection of modern art.a) ascribed b) attributedc) designated d) donated57. erik’s website contai ___ photographs and hundreds of articles and short videosfrom his trip around the globe.[page]a) prosperous b) gorgeousc) spacious d) simultaneous58. optimism is a ___ shown to be associated with good physical health, less depressionand longer life.a) trail b) traitc) trace d) track59. the ititution has a highly effective program which helps fit-year students make asuccessful ___ into college life.a) traformation b) tramissionc) traition d) traaction60. philosophe believe that desire, hatred and envy are “negative emotio” which ___the mind and lead it into a puuit of power and possessio.a) distort b) reinforcec) exert d) scramble61. the term “glass ceiling” was fit used by the wall street journal to describe the apparentbarrie that prevent women from reaching the top of the corporate ___.a) seniority b) superiorityc) height d) hierarchy62. various efforts have been made over the centuries to predict earthquakes, including observinglights in the sky and ___ animal behavior.a) abnormal b) exoticc) absurd d) erroneous63. around 80 percent of the ___ characteristics of mostwhite brito have beenpassed down from a few thousand ice age hunte.a) intelligible b) randomc) spontaneous d) genetic64. picasso gained popularity in the mid-20th century, which was ___ of a new attitudetowards modern art.a) informative b) indicativec) exclusive d) expressive65. the country was an island that enjoyed civilized living for a thousand yea or more withlittle ___ from the outside world.a) disturbance b) discriminationc) irritation d) irregularity66. fashion designe are rarely concerned with vital things like warmth, comfort and ________ .a) stability b) capability。

考研英语历年阅读理解真题精析--2006年Part OneIn spite of “endless talk of difference,” American society is an amazing machine for homogenizing people. This is “the democratizing uniformity of dress and discourse, and the casualness and absence of consumption “launched by the 19th –century department stores that offered ‘vast arrays of goods in an elegant atmosphere. Instead of intimate shops catering to a knowledgeable elite.” these were stores “anyone could enter, regardless of class or background. This turned shoppin g into a public and democratic act.” The mass media, advertising and sports are other forces for homogenization.Immigrants are quickly fitting into this common culture, which may not be altogether elevating but is hardly poisonous. Writing for the National Immigration Forum, Gregory Rodriguez reports that today’s immigration is neither at unprecedented level nor resistant to assimilation. In 1998 immigrants were 9.8 percent of population; in 1900, 13.6 percent. In the 10 years prior to 1990, 3.1 immigrants arrived for every 1,000 residents; in the 10 years prior to 1890, 9.2 for every 1,000. Now, consider three indices of assimilation------language, home ownership and intermarriage.The 1990 Census revealed that “a majority of immigrants from each of the fifteen most common countries of origin spoke English “well” or “very well” after ten years of residence.” The children of immigrants tend to be bilingual and proficient in English. “By the third generation, the original language is lost in the majority of immigrant families.” Hence the description of America as a graveyard” for language. By 1996 foreign-born immigrants who had arrive before 1970 had a home ownership rate of 75.6 percent, higher than the 69.8 percent rate among native-born Americans.Foreign-born Asians and Hispanics “have higher rates of intermarriage than do U.S-born whites and blacks.” By the third generation, one third of Hispanic women are married to non-Hispanics, and 41 percent of Asian-American women are married to non-Asians.Rodriguez not that children in remote villages around world are fans of superstars like Amold Schwarzenegger and Garth Brooks, yet “some Americans fear that immigrant living within the United States remain somehow immune to the nation’s assimilative power.”Are there divisive issues and pockets of seething in America? Indeed. It is big enough to have a bit of everything. But particularly when viewed against America’s turbulent past, today’s social induces suggest a dark and deteriorating social environment.1. The word “homogenizing” （Line 2, Paragraph 1）most probably means___A. identifyingB. associatingC. assimilatingD. monopolizing2. According to the author, the department stores of the 19th century___A. played a role in the spread of popular culture.B. became intimate shops for common consumers.C. satisfied the needs of a knowledgeable elite.D. owed its emergence to the culture of consumption.3. The text suggests that immigrants now in the U.S.___A. are resistant to homogenization.B. exert a great influence on American culture.C. are hardly a threat to the common culture.D.constitute the majority of the population.4. Why are Amold Schwarzenegger and Garth Brooks mentioned in Paragraph 5?A. To prove their popularity around the world.B. To reveal the public’s fear of immigrants.C. To give examples of successful immigrants.D. To show the powerful influence of American culture.5. In the author’s opinion, the absorption of immigrants into American society isA. rewardingB. SuccessfulC. fruitlessD. harmfulUnit 13（2006）Part 1重点词汇：1. uniformity n. 一样，一致；统一性；（相关词）uniform a.相同的，统一标准的；be uniform with与……同一形式或外貌2. casualness n. 偶然，意外；草率行事；漫不经心；平心静气3. array ① n. 排列；一批，大量；显眼的一系列② vt. 排列，制定（计划等）：array oneself 装扮，打扮自己、搭配vast arrays of 大批的，大量的4. knowledgeable a. 有知识的，学识渊博的，有见识的5. amaze v. 使（某人）惊异或惊奇6. intimate a. 密切的，亲密的7. cater v. = provide food and service 提供饮食及服务; 搭配cater for（或to）提供饮食及服务，迎合（某人）8. elite n. 精英，尖子9. elevate vt. 提升，抬起，振作精神；使（人）欢欣鼓舞；提高（思想、道德品质、文化素质等）。

2006年6月大学英语六级(CET-6)真题试卷A卷Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes) Section A1.A) She met with Thomas just a few days ago.B) She can help with the orientation program.C) She is not sure she can pass on the message.D) She will certainly try to contact Thomas.2.A) Set the dinner table.B) Change the light bulb.C) Clean the dining room.D) Hold the ladder for him.3.A) He’d like a piece of pie.B) He’d like some coffee.C) He’d rather stay in the warm room.D) He’s just had dinner with his friends.4.A) He has managed to sell a number of cars.B) He is contented with his current position.C) He might get fired.D) He has lost his job.5.A) Tony’s secretary.B) Paul’s girlfriend.C) Paul’s colleague.D) Tony’s wife.6.A) He was fined for running a red light.B) He was caught speeding on a fast lane.C) He had to run quickly to get the ticket.D) He made a wrong turn at the intersection.7.A) He has learned a lot from his own mistakes.B) He is quite experienced in taming wild dogs.C) He finds reward more effective than punishment.D) He thinks it important to master basic training skills.8.A) At a bookstore.B) At the dentist’s.C) In a restaurant.D) In the library.9.A) He doesn’t want Jenny to get into trouble.B) He doesn’t agree with the woman’s remark.C) He thinks Jenny’s workload too heavy at college.D) He believes most college students are running wild.10.A) It was applaudable.B) It was just terrible.C) The actors were enthusiastic.D) The plot was funny enough.Section BPassage OneQuestions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11.A) Social work.B) Medical care.C) Applied physics.D) Special education.12.A) The timely advice from her friends and relatives.B) The two-year professional training she received.C) Her determination to fulfill her dream.D) Her parents’ consistent moral support.13.A) To get the funding for the hospitals.B) To help the disabled children there.C) To train therapists for the children there.D) To set up an institution for the handicapped.Passage TwoQuestions 14 to 17 are based on the passage you have just heard.14.A) At a country school in Mexico.B) In a mountain valley of Spain.C) At a small American college.D) In a small village in Chile.15.A) By expanding their minds and horizons.B) By financing their elementary education.C) By setting up a small primary school.D) By setting them an inspiring example.16.A) She wrote poetry that broke through national barriers.B) She was a talented designer of original school curriculums.C) She proved herself to be an active and capable stateswoman.D) She made outstanding contributions to children’s education.17.A) She won the 1945 Nobel Prize in Literature.B) She was the first woman to win a Nobel Prize.C) She translated her books into many languages.D) She advised many statesmen on international affairs. Passage ThreeQuestions 18 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.18.A) How animals survive harsh conditions in the wild.B) How animals alter colors to match their surroundings.C) How animals protect themselves against predators.D) How animals learn to disguise themselves effectively.19.A) Its enormous size.B) Its plant-like appearance.C) Its instantaneous response.D) Its offensive smell.20.A) It helps improve their safety.B) It allows them to swim faster.C) It helps them fight their predators.D) It allows them to avoid twists and turns.Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.There are good reasons to be troubled by the violence that spreads throughout the media. Movies, Television and video games are full of gunplay and bloodshed, and one might reasonably ask what’s wrong with a society that presents videos of domestic violence as entertainment.Most researchers agree that the causes of real-world violence are complex. A 1993 study by the U.S. National Academy of Sciences listed “biological, individual, family, peer, school, and community factors” as all playing their parts.Viewing abnormally large amounts of violent television and video games may well contribute to violent behavior in certain individuals. The trouble comes when researchers downplay uncertainties in their studies or overstate the case for causality (因果关系). Skeptics were dismayed several years ago when a group of societies including the American Medical Association tried to end the debate by issuing a joint statement: “At this time, well over 1,000 studies... point overwhelmingly to a causal connection between media violence and aggressive behavior in some children.”Freedom-of-speech advocates accused the societies of catering to politicians, and even disputed the number of studies (most were review articles and essays, they said). When Jonathan Freedman, a social psychologist at the University of Toronto, reviewed the literature, he found only 200 or so studies of television-watching and aggression. And when he weeded out “the most doubtful measures of aggression”, only 28% supported a connection.The critical point here is causality. The alarmists say they have proved that violent media cause aggression. But the assumptions behind their observations need to be examined. When labeling games as violent or non-violent, should a hero eating a ghost really be counted as a violent event? And when experimenters record the time it takes game players to read ‘aggressive’ or ‘non-aggressive’ words from a list, can we be sure what they are actually measuring? The intent of the new Harvard Center on Media and Child Health to collect and standardize studies of media violence in order to compare their methodologies, assumptions and conclusions is an important step in the right direction.Another appropriate step would be to tone down the criticism until we know more. Several researchers write, speak and testify quite a lot on the threat posed by violence in the media. That is, of course, their privilege. But when doing so, they often come out with statements that the matter has now been settled, drawing criticism from colleagues. In response, the alarmists accuse critics and news reporters of being deceived by the entertainment industry. Such clashes help neither science nor society.21.Why is there so much violence shown in movies, TV and video games?A) There is a lot of violence in the real world today.B) Something has gone wrong with today’s society.C) Many people are fond of gunplay and bloodshed.D) Showing violence is thought to be entertaining.22.What is the skeptics (Line 3. Para. 3) view of media violence?A) Violence on television is a fairly accurate reflection of real-world life.B) Most studies exaggerate the effect of media violence on the viewers.C) A causal relationship exists between media and real-world violence.D) The influence of media violence on children has been underestimated.23.The author uses the term “alarmists” (Line 1. Para. 5) to refer to those who________.A) use standardized measurements in the studies of media violenceB) initiated the debate over the influence of violent media on realityC) assert a direct link between violent media and aggressive behaviorD) use appropriate methodology in examining aggressive behavior24.In refuting the alarmists, the author advances his argument by first challenging________.A) the source and amount of their dataB) the targets of their observationC) their system of measurementD) their definition of violence25.What does the author think of the debate concerning the relationship between themedia and violence?A) More studies should be conducted before conclusions are drawn.B) It should come to an end since the matter has now been settled.C) The past studies in this field have proved to be misleading.D) He more than agrees with the views held by the alarmists.Passage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.You’re in trouble if you have to buy your own brand-name prescription drugs. Over the past decade, prices leaped by more than double the inflation rate. Treatments for chronic conditions can easily top $2,000 a month-no wonder that one in four Americans can’s afford to fill their prescriptions. The solution? A hearty chorus of “O Canada.” North of the border, where price controls reign, those same brand-name drugs cost 50% to 80% less.The Canadian option is fast becoming a political wake-up call, “If our neighbors can buy drugs at reasonable prices, why can’t we? Even to whisper that thought provokesanger. “Un-American!” And-the propagandists’ trump card (王牌)—“Wreck our brilliant health-care system.” Supersize drug prices, they claim, fund the research that sparks the next generation of wonder drugs. No sky-high drug price today, no cure for cancer tomorrow. So shut up and pay up.Common sense tells you that’s a false alternative. The reward for finding, say, a cancer cure is so huge that no one’s going to hang it up. Nevertheless, if Canada-level pricing came to the United States, the industry’s profit margins would drop and the pace of new-drug development would slow. Here lies the American dilemma. Who is all this splendid medicine for? Should our health-care system continue its drive toward the best of the best, even though rising numbers of patients can’t afford it? Or should we direct our wealth toward letting everyone in on today’s level of care? Measured by saved lives, the latter is almost certainly the better course.To defend their profits, the drug companies have warned Canadian wholesalers and pharmacies (药房) not to sell to Americans by mail, and are cutting back supplies to those who dare.Meanwhile, the administration is playing the fear card. Officials from the Food and Drug Administration will argue that Canadian drugs might be fake, mishandled, or even a potential threat to life.Do bad drugs fly around the Internet? Sure-and the more we look, the more we’ll find, But I haven’t heard of any raging epidemics among the hundreds of thousands of people buying crossborder.Most users of prescription drugs don’t worry about costs a lot. They’re sheltered by employee insurance, owing just a $20 co-pay. The financial blows rain, instead, on the uninsured, especially the chronically ill who need expensive drugs to live, This group will still include middle-income seniors on Medicare, who’ll have to dig deeply into their pockets before getting much from the new drug benefit that starts in 2006.26.What is said about the consequence of the rocketing drug prices in the U.S.?A) A quarter of Americans can’t afford their prescription drugs.B) Many Americans can’t afford to see a doctor when they fall ill.C) Many Americans have to go to Canada to get medical treatment.D) The inflation rate has been more than doubled over the years.27.It can be inferred that America can follow the Canadian model and curb its soaringdrug prices by ________.A) encouraging people to buy prescription drugs onlineB) extending medical insurance to all its citizensC) importing low-price prescription drugs from CanadaD) exercising price control on brand-name drugs28.How do propagandists argue for the U.S. drug pricing policy?A) Low prices will affect the quality of medicines in America.B) High prices are essential to funding research on new drugs.C) Low prices will bring about the anger of drug manufacturers.D) High-price drugs are indispensable in curing chronic diseases.29.What should be the priority of America’s health-care system according to theauthor?A) To resolve the dilemma in the health-care system.B) To maintain America’s lead in the drug industry.C) To allow the vast majority to enjoy its benefits.D) To quicken the pace of new drug development.30.What are American drug companies doing to protect their high profits?A) Labeling drugs bought from Canada as being fakes.B) Threatening to cut back funding for new drug research.C) Reducing supplies to uncooperative Canadian pharmacies.D) Attributing the raging epidemics to the ineffectiveness of Canadian drugs. Passage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.Age has its privileges in America. And one of the more prominent of them is the senior citizen discount. Anyone who has reached a certain age—in some cases as low as 55—is automatically entitled to a dazzling array of price reductions at nearly every level of commercial life. Eligibility is determined not by one’s need but by the date on one’s birth certificate. Practically unheard of a generation ago, the discounts have become a routine part of many businesses—as common as color televisions in motel rooms and free coffee on airliners.People with gray hair often are given the discounts without even asking for them；yet, millions of Americans above age 60 are healthy and solvent (有支付能力的). Businesses that would never dare offer discounts to college students or anyone under 30 freely offer them to older Americans. The practice is acceptable because of the widespread belief that “elderly” and “needy” are synonymous (同义的). Perhaps that once was true, but today elderly Americans as a group have a lower poverty rate than the rest of the population. To be sure, there is economic diversity within the elderly, and many older Americans are poor, But most of them aren’t.It is impossible to determine the impact of the discounts on individual companies. For many firms, they are a stimulus to revenue. But in other cases the discounts are given at the expense, directly or indirectly, of younger Americans. Moreover, they are a direct irritant in what some politicians and scholars see as a coming conflict between the generations.Generational tensions are being fueled by continuing debate over Social Securitybenefits, which mostly involves a transfer of resources from the young to the old. Employment is another sore point, Buoyed (支持) by laws and court decisions, more and more older Americans are declining the retirement dinner in favor of staying on the job-thereby lessening employment and promotion opportunities for younger workers.Far from a kind of charity they once were, senior citizen discounts have become a formidable economic privilege to a group with millions of members who don’t need them.It no longer makes sense to treat the elderly as a single group whose economic needs deserve priority over those of others. Senior citizen discounts only enhance the myth that older people can’t take care of themselves and need special treatment；and they threaten the creation of a new myth, that the elderly are ungrateful and taking for themselves at the expense of children and other age groups. Senior citizen discounts are the essence of the very thing older Americans are fighting against-discrimination by age.31.We learn from the first paragraph that ________.A) offering senior citizens discounts has become routine commercial practiceB) senior citizen discounts have enabled many old people to live a decent lifeC) giving senior citizens discounts has boosted the market for the elderlyD) senior citizens have to show their birth certificates to get a discount32.What assumption lies behind the practice of senior citizen discounts?A) Businesses, having made a lot of profits, should do something for society inreturn.B) Old people are entitled to special treatment for the contribution they made tosociety.C) The elderly, being financially underprivileged, need humane help from society.D) Senior citizen discounts can make up for the inadequacy of the Social Securitysystem.33.According to some politicians and scholars, senior citizen discounts will ________.A) make old people even more dependent on societyB) intensify conflicts between the young and the oldC) have adverse financial impact on business companiesD) bring a marked increase in the companies revenues34.How does the author view the Social Security system?A) It encourages elderly people to retire in time.B) It opens up broad career prospects for young people.C) It benefits the old at the expense of the young.D) It should be reinforced by laws and court decisions.35.Which of the following best summarizes the author’s main argument?A) Senior citizens should fight hard against age discrimination.B) The elderly are selfish and taking senior discounts for granted.C) Priority should be given to the economic needs of senior citizens.D) Senior citizen discounts may well be a type of age discrimination.Passage FourQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.In 1854 my great-grandfather, Morris Marable, was sold on an auction block in Georgia for $500. For his white slave master, the sale was just “business as usual.” But to Morris Marable and his heirs, slavery was a crime against our humanity. This pattern of human rights violations against enslaved African-Americans continued under racial segregation for nearly another century.The fundamental problem of American democracy in the 21st century is the problem of “structural racism” the deep patterns of socio-economic inequality and accumulated disadvantage that are coded by race, and constantly justified in public speeches by both racist stereotypes and white indifference. Do Americans have the capacity and vision to remove these structural barriers that deny democratic rights and opportunities to millions of their fellow citizens?This country has previously witnessed two great struggles to achieve a truly multicultural democracy.The First Reconstruction (1865-1877) ended slavery and briefly gave black men voting rights, but gave no meaningful compensation for two centuries of unpaid labor. The promise of “40 acres and a mule (骡子)”was for most blacks a dream deferred (尚未实现的).The Second Reconstruction (1954-1968), or the modern civil rights movement, ended legal segregation in public accommodations and gave blacks voting rights. But these successes paradoxically obscure the tremendous human costs of historically accumulated disadvantage that remain central to black Americans’ lives.The disproportionate wealth that most whites enjoy today was first constructed from centuries of unpaid black labor. Many white institutions, including some leading universities, insurance companies and banks, profited from slavery. This pattern of white privilege and black inequality continues today.Demanding reparations (赔偿) is not just about compensation for slavery and segregation. It is, more important, an educational campaign to highlight the contemporary reality of “racial deficits” of all kinds, the unequal conditions that impact blacks regardless of class. Structural racism’s barriers include “equity inequity.” the absence of black capital formation that is a direct consequence of America’s history. One third of all black households actually have negative net wealth. In 1998 the typical black family’s net wealth was $16,400, less than one fifth that of white families. Black families are denied home loans at twice the rate of whites.Blacks remain the last hired and first fired during recessions. During the 1990-91recession, African-Americans suffered disproportionately. At Coca-Cola, 42 percent of employees who lost their jobs were blacks. At Sears, 54 percent were black, Blacks have significantly shorter life spans, in part due to racism in the health establishment. Blacks are statistically less likely than whites to be referred for kidney transplants or early-stage cancer surgery.36.To the author, the auction of his great-grandfather is a typical example of ________.A) crime against humanityB) unfair business transactionC) racial conflicts in GeorgiaD) racial segregation in America37.The barrier to democracy in 21st century America is ________.A) widespread use of racist stereotypesB) prejudice against minority groupsC) deep-rooted socio-economic inequalityD) denial of legal rights to ordinary blacks38.What problem remains unsolved in the two Reconstructions?A) Differences between races are deliberately obscured.B) The blacks are not compensated for their unpaid labor.C) There is no guarantee for blacks to exercise their rights.D) The interests of blacks are not protected by law.39.It is clear that the wealth enjoyed by most whites ________.A) has resulted from business successes over the yearsB) has been accompanied by black capital formationC) has derived from sizable investments in educationD) has been accumulated from generations of slavery40.What does the author think of the current situation regarding racial discrimination?A) Racism is not a major obstacle to blacks’ employment.B) Inequality of many kinds remains virtually untouched.C) A major step has been taken towards reparations.D) Little has been done to ensure blacks’ civil rights.Part III Vocabulary (20 minutes)41.Because of the ________ of its ideas, the book was in wide circulation both at homeA) originalityB) subjectivityC) generalityD) ambiguity42.With its own parliament and currency and a common ________ for peace, theEuropean Union declared itself—in 11 official languages—open for business.A) inspirationB) assimilationC) intuitionD) aspiration43.America has now adopted more ________ European-style inspection systems, andthe incidence of food poisoning is falling.A) discreteB) solemnC) rigorousD) autonomous44.Mainstream pro-market economists all agree that competition is an ________ spurto efficiency and innovation.A) extravagantB) exquisiteC) intermittentD) indispensable45.In the late 19th century, Jules Verne, the master of science fiction, foresaw many ofthe technological wonders that are ________ today.A) transientB) commonplaceC) implicitD) elementary46.I was so ________ when I used the automatic checkout lane in the supermarket forthe first time.A) immersedB) assaultedC) thrilled47.His arm was ________ from the shark’s mouth and reattached, but the boy, whonearly died, remained in a delicate condition.A) retrievedB) retainedC) repelledD) restored48.Bill Gates and Walt Disney are two people America has ________ to be the GreatestAmerican.A) appointedB) appeasedC) nicknamedD) dominated49.The ________ majority of citizens tend to believe that the death penalty will helpdecrease the crime rate.A) overflowingB) overwhelmingC) prevalentD) premium50.We will also see a ________ increase in the number of televisions per household, assmall TV displays are added to clocks, coffee makers and smoke detectors.A) startlingB) surpassingC) suppressingD) stacking51.The advance of globalization is challenging some of our most ________ values andideas, including our idea of what constitutes “home”.A) enrichedB) enlightenedC) cherishedD) chartered52.Researchers have discovered that ________ with animals in an active way maylower a person’s blood pressure.A) interactingB) integratingC) migratingD) merging53.The Beatles, the most famous British band of the 1960s, traveled worldwide formany years, ________ cultural barriers.A) transportingB) transplantingC) transferringD) transcending54.In his last years, Henry suffered from a disease that slowly ________ him of muchof his sight.A) relievedB) jeopardizedC) deprivedD) eliminated55.Weight lifting, or any other sport that builds up your muscles, can make bonesbecome denser and less ________ to injury.A) attachedB) proneC) immuneD) reconciled56.He has ________ to museums hundreds of his paintings as well as his entirepersonal collection of modern art.A) ascribedB) attributedC) designatedD) donated57.Erik’s website contains ________ photographs and hundreds of articles and shortvideos from his trip around the globe.A) prosperousB) gorgeousC) spaciousD) simultaneous58.Optimism is a ________ shown to be associated with good physical health, lessdepression and longer life.A) trailB) traitC) traceD) track59.The institution has a highly effective program which helps first-year students makea successful ________ into college life.A) transformationB) transmissionC) transitionD) transaction60.Philosophers believe that desire, hatred and envy are “negative emotions” which________ the mind and lead it into a pursuit of power and possessions.A) distortB) reinforceC) exertD) scramble61.The term “glass ceiling” was first used by the Wall Street Journal to describe theapparent barriers that prevent women from reaching the top of the corporate ________.A) seniorityB) superiorityC) heightD) hierarchy62.Various efforts have been made over the centuries to predict earthquakes, includingobserving lights in the sky and ________ animal behavior.A) abnormalB) exoticC) absurdD) erroneous63.Around 80 percent of the ________ characteristics of most white Britons have beenpassed down from a few thousand Ice Age hunters.A) intelligibleB) randomC) spontaneousD) genetic64.Picasso gained popularity in the mid-20th century, which was ________ of a newattitude towards modern art.A) informativeB) indicativeC) exclusiveD) expressive65.The country was an island that enjoyed civilized living for a thousand years or morewith little ________ from the outside world.A) disturbanceB) discriminationC) irritationD) irregularity66.Fashion designers are rarely concerned with vital things like warmth, comfort and________.A) stabilityB) capabilityC) durabilityD) availability67.Back in the days when people traveled by horse and carriage, Karl Benz ________the world with his extraordinary three-wheeled motor vehicle.A) inhibitedB) extinguishedC) quenchedD) stunned68.If we continue to ignore the issue of global warming, we will almost certainly sufferthe ________ effects of climatic changes worldwide.A) dubiousB) drasticC) trivialD) toxic69.According to the theory of evolution, all living species are the modified ________of earlier species.A) descendantsB) dependantsC) defendantsD) developments70.The panda is an endangered species, which means that it is very likely to become________ without adequate protection.A) intactB) insaneC) extinctD) exemptPart IV Error Correction (15 minutes)Until recently, dyslexia and other reading problems were a mystery to most teachers and parents. As a result, too many kids passed through school without master the printed page. (S1) Some were treated as mentally deficient: many were left functionally illiterate (文盲的)，unable to ever meet their potential. But in the last several years, there’s been a revolution in that we’ve learned about reading and dyslexia. (S2) Scientists are using a variety of new imaging techniques to watch the brain at work. Their experiments have shown that reading disorders are most likely the result of what is, in an effect, (S3) faulty wiring in the brain—not lazy, stupidity or a poor home (S4) environment. There’s also convincing evidence which dyslexia (S5) is largely inherited. It is now considered a chronic problem for some kids, not just a “phase”. Scientists have also discarded another old stereotype that almost all dyslexics are boys. Studies indicate that many girls are affecting as well (S6) and not getting help.At same time, educational researchers have come up (S7) with innovative teaching strategies for kids who are having trouble learning to read. New screening tests are identifying children at risk before they get discouraged by year of (S8) frustration and failure. And educators are trying to get the message to parents that they should be on the alert for the first signs of potential problems.It’s an urgent mission. Mass literacy is a relative new (S9) social goal. A hundred years ago people didn’t need to be good readers in order to earn a living. But in the Information Age, no one can get by with knowing how to read well and (S10) understand increasingly complex material.Part V Writing (30 minutes)Directions:For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Traveling Abroad. You should write at least 150 words based on the chartand outline give below:。