寒假第一讲：情态动词
课前热身
完型填空
Some myths are stories tol d since ancient times to explain the causes for natural happenings.The Greek myth that explains why there are changes of __1__ is about Demeter,the god d ess of the harvest.She had a daughter,Persephone,whom she l oved very much.Had es,god of the underworl d,fell in l ove with Persephone,and he asked Zeus,the __2__ of the gods,to give Persephone to him as his __3__.Zeus did not want either to disappoint Had es or to upset Demeter,so he said he would not agree to the marriage,but neither would he __4__ it.Had es,therefore,d ecid ed to take the girl without __5__.When Persephone was picking fl owers in the gard en,he seized her and took her to the und erworl d.When Demeter __6__ what happened to Persephone,she became so __7__ that she caused all plants to __8__.Peopl e were in __9__ of starving.But Demeter was d etermined not to l et crops grow __10__ her daughter,Persephone,was returned to her.__11__,still not wanting to disappoint Had es,d ecid ed upon a condition for Persephone's __12__.She could go back to her mother if she had not __13__ anything whil e she was in the und erworld.Demeter __14__ it because she did not know that Persephone had eaten several pomegranate(石榴) seeds in the und erworld.When Zeus __15__ this,he agreed that Persephone coul d spend part of the year with her __16__,but he ad d ed that since she had eaten the seeds,she must spend part of the year in the und erworl d.And so it __17__ that when Persephone is in the und erworl d,Demeter is sad and therefore __18__ not l et the crops grow.That is __19__ we have winter when plants d o not grow.When Persephone returns,Demeter is __20__,it is spring,and plants begin to grow again.
1. A.periods B.seasons C.time D.age
2. A.winner B.rul er C.advisor D.fighter
3. A.wife B.l over C.partner D.daughter
4. A.forbid B.forgive C.admit D.accept
5. A.arrangement B.warning
C.reason
D.permission
6. A.l et out B.worked out C.thought out D.found out
7. A.excited B.tired C.angry D.serious
8. A.grow fast B.start growing C.stop growing D.grow sl owly
9. A.danger B.hope C.turn D.case
10. A.since B.until C.after D.when
11. A.Persephone B.Zeus C.Demeter D.Had es
12. A.return B.change C.marriage D.journey
13. A.stol en B.found C.eaten D.heard
14. A.und erstood B.refused
C.d oubted
D.accepted
15. A.discovered B.studied
C.forgot
D.prepared
16. A.daughter B.mother C.god D.rul er
17. A.works B.remains C.happens D.starts
18. A.shoul d B.can C.dare D.will
19. A.where B.because C.why D.how
20. A.nice B.friendly C.fresh D.happy
今日内容
情态动词
情态动词是一种本身有一定的词义，表示说话人的情绪，态度或语气的动词，
但不能单独作谓语，只能和其他动词原形构成谓语。情态动词虽然数量不多，
但用途广泛，主要有下列：can (could), may (might), must, need, ought to, dare
(dared), shall (should), will (would) 。情态动词有几个特点：1、没有第三人称单
数形式，没有ing形式，没有被动形式；2、后面的动词用原型。
常见的情态动词对应的过去式有：
一般现在时过去时一般现在时过去时can could shall should
may might will would
注意，could有时候可用于一般现在时，表示婉转语气。如：Could you tell me the
way to the bus-stop?
情态动词常考点
1、回答must的疑问句，肯定回答用yes,you must.否定用no,you needn’t，或no,you
don’t have to。
--Must I finish my homework now?
--No,you needn’t./You don’t have to.
2、Mustn’t意思是万万不能，表示禁止。
3、ought to 意思是“应该”。它的否定形式是ought not to do。疑问形式是ought
sb to do.....?
例句：
He ought to return the books to the library.（他应该把书归还到图书馆。）
Ought she to come here now?（她应该现在回来吗？）
4、had better do sth的意思是“最好...”，它的否定是had better not do sth。
如：you had better go home now.
情态动词表猜测
情态动词除了表示情感外，还可以表示猜测。并且在语气上有一定差别。
肯定否定语气强烈Must（一定）Can’t（一定不）
语气缓和May（可能）May not（可能不）
语气软弱Might Might not
例句：
You must be Mr Bean.I saw you before.（你一定是憨豆先生吧，我之前见过
你。）
I don’t see him.He may go back home.（我没见到他，他可能回家了。）
It can’t be a dog.It has no tail.（它不可能是一条狗，它没有尾巴。）
The man can’t be Mr. Chen, because he has gone to Hong Kong.（那个人不可能
是Mr. Chen，因为他去了香港。）
情态动词的特殊用法
1、must用于疑问句时，可表示“偏要”。
2、can与sometimes连用时，表示“有时会”。
3、may可用于表示祝福，如：May you succeed.
4、may/might as well+V原形："最好，满可以，倒不如"，例句You may as well stay
here over night.
5、shall一般用于第一人称，如果用于第二第三人称，则表示“许诺，警告，命
令”。
例句：
He shall have the book when I finish reading.(允诺)
You shall fail if you don't work harder.（警告）
You shall come at once.（命令）
6、Should还可以用在if引导的条件从句，表示一件事听起来可能性很小，但也
不是完全没有可能，相当于“万一”的意思。
7、must用于陈述句可以表示必然结果。All men must die.
巩固训练
1. You as well do this now, for you will have to do it first or last.
A. need
B. must
C. can
D. may
2. —Mary broke up with me!
—You have forgotten the Valentine's Day.
A. shouldn't
B. couldn't
C. needn't
D. mustn't
3.On arriving at the gate of the college, my heart started to beat fast as if it out
of my mouth.
A. would leap
B. had leaped
C. should leap
D. were leaping
4.—She looks very happy.She ________ have passed the exam.
—I guess so.It's not difficult after all.
A.should
B.could
C.must
D.might
5.It is usually very cool in Tom's hometown in September.But it ________be rather
hot sometimes.
A.must
B.can
C.should
D.would
6.According to the newly made traffic regulations,whoever drives through the red light ________be fined at least 200 dollars.
A.shall
B.may
C.would
D.must
7. According to our school regulations, you _____ arrive at school before 7 A.M.
A. may
B. can
C. will
D. should
8.You ______ take photos inside the museum; it is forbidden.
A.wouldn't
B.needn't
C.mustn't
D.mightn't
9.—Did you turn off the lights in the office ?
—No, I _____, but I forgot.
A.should
B.must have
C.ought to
D.should have
10. The doctor suggested that he _______ smoking at once for his lung cancer.
A.give up
B.gave up
C.gives up
D.giving up
11. -----_________ you interrupt now? can't you see I am on the phone?
---- Sorry Sir, but it's urgent.
A. Can
B. Should
C. Must
D. Would
12. She ____ have left school, for her bike is still here.
A. can't
B. mustn't
C. needn't
D. shouldn't
13.No student go out of the school campus after 10:00 at night without permission according to the school regulations.
A. shall
B. must
C. would
D. should
14. Churchill warned Hitler, “If you dare to invade Britain, you __________ pay for it with great cost.”
A. will
B. shall
C. may
D. should
15. Privacy sometimes ________ be quite a problem when you're sharing space in a college dorm.
A.can
B.must
C.should
D.shall
16.—Mum，can I go on a holiday with my classmates this summer vacation? —OK.You have a chance if you get along well with your studies.
A.could
B.shall
C.might
D.must
17. Though Lucy is a lovely girl, she ______ be extremely difficult to work with sometimes.
A. must
B. should
C. may
D. can
18. The printer is of good quality. If it ________ break down within the first year, we would repair it at our expense.
A. would
B. should
C. could
D. might
19. You'd better pull your car over to the side of the road if you _____ answer a phone call.
A. will
B. can
C. must
D. may
20. May I take this book out of the reading room?
No, you . You read it here.
A. mightn't
B. won't
C. needn't
D. mustn't
21. One of our rules here is that every student wear school uniform while at school.
A.might
B.could
C.shall
D.will
22. –Must I hand in my paper at once , Sir ?
-- No, you _________ .Tomorrow is ok.
A. mustn't
B. shouldn't
C. won't
D. don't have to
23.Man die without water.
A. must
B. can
C. need
D. shall
24.you be happy!
A. May
B. Can
C. Must
D. Would
阅读理解
A
Today I'll be talking about the invention of the camera and photography.The camera is often thought to be a mod ern invention,but as early as 1727,a German physicist discovered that light darkens silver https://www.doczj.com/doc/977422394.html,ed as a camera,a big box was set up,and a small hol e was cut in one sid e to l et the light in；he mad e temporary pictures on the salt.Silver salt is still the base of the photographic film today.Then a French scientist mad e the first permanent picture by using a special piece of metal which was covered with silver salt.A photograph he mad e in 1862 still exists.
The painter De Gear improved the process by covering the metal also with placing the common salt which we can eat.That was in 1839,the official date of beginning of photographs.But the problem was the printing of the photographs.And it wasn't until other scientists d eveloped the kind of photographic paper we now use that good prints were possibl e and photography became truly mod ern.In the 1870's,Matthew Brad ey was abl e to take his famous pictures in American Civil War.In the 20's of this century,Georges Mann of the United States simplified film d eveloping,and Dr.Edward Lane invented the socall ed “Instant Camera”,which uses selfd eveloping film.If we say photography came into existence in 1839,it follows that it took more than 100 years for the camera to reach its present condition of technical refinement(密度).
1.What discovery was the basis of photography?
A.Light darkens silver salt.
B.Light darkens natural salt.
C.Light darkens silver.
D.Light darkens selfd evel oping film.
2.How was the first permanent picture mad e?
A.By making use of special paper.
B.By ad ding common salt to silver salt.
C.By giving a slight col our to the silver salt.
D.By using a special piece of metal.
3.Which d oes the author regard as the official date of the beginning of photography?
A.1727.
B.1826.
C.1839.
D.1870.
4.According to the author,why is Matthew Bradey remembered today?
A.He was a sol dier.
B.He took war photographs.
C.He painted portraits.
D.He d esigned a portabl e camera.
B
We're in the mid dl e of winter.It's cold and we're suffering from cold wind and rain.The sun,even when it d oes show its face,is setting at 4 p.m.It's no wond er peopl e in the street look sad.
But according to most of the research on the connection between weather and mood,they shoul dn't be.Weather has little effect on mood.
When you tell peopl e this,though,they d on't believe it.Most of us think the weather has quite a strong effect on our mood.Many think that the rain and col d weather d ejects us and the sun and warmth cheers us up.
So why d on't we see this effect in the research？That's the question a new study by Klimstra et al.tries to answer with a group of young peopl e and their mothers.In fact,Klimstra et al.found four different groups：
1.Unaffected：about half the peopl e in their study fell into this group.For these peopl e it didn't matter that much whether it was raining or sunny,hot or cold,their mood was mostly unaffected.
2.Summer l overs：here's the group you'd expect.For these peopl e,their mood improved with l ess rain,more sun and higher temperatures(15% of young peopl e and 30% of their mothers).
3.Summer haters：here's the group of peopl e you hear l ess about.These were the exact opposite of the summer l overs so they were happier when there was more rain,l ess sun and l ower temperatures (27% of the young peopl e and 12% of their mothers).
4.Rain haters：this group's mood didn't change with the temperature,sunshine or the wind；they just hated the rain(8% of young peopl e and 12% of their mothers). This helps explain why studies keep finding that weather d oesn't have much effect on mood：it's because we're different and these differences are mostly being averaged out.
5. It's found in the study that ________.
A.weather has a strong effect on mood
B.col d wind and rain makes us l ook sad
C.the sun and warmth cheers us up
D.mood is little affected by weather
6. In which group peopl e like dry and hot weather?
A.Unaffected.
B.Summer l overs.
C.Summer haters.
D.Rain haters.
7.From the four different groups we can learn ________.
A.about half the peopl e belong to summer l overs
B.more than one third of the peopl e are summer haters
C.few of young peopl e and their mothers like the rain
D.more young peopl e are unaffected than rain haters
8.What is the BEST title for the passage?
A.Does the weather really affect your mood?
B.Why d o peopl e feel sad in col d winter?
C.How many different groups are there?
D.Do different peopl e have different mood?
C
Steven Spielberg's 2002 sciencefiction thriller Minority Report produced a worl d where computers coul d read minds and predict the future.It seemed fanciful at the time,but fantasy is edging cl oser to fact.
On Jan. 31,a team of scientists at the UC Berkel ey,l ed by Robert Knight programmed computers to d ecod e(解码) brain waves and replay them as words.Five months earlier,another group of Berkeley scientists showed their coll eagues short movies and used computers to play back in col or what peopl e saw.
These experiments are a big advance from 2006,when a French scientist first replayed images from a human mind,a black and white checkerboard pattern. The possibilities are great：a disabl ed person coul d “speak”；d octors could access the mind of a patient who fainted；you coul d rewatch your dreams on an iPad.There are,of course,equally dark sid e,such as the involuntary take out of information from the brain.
In spite of these breakthroughs,Jack Gallant,the neuroscientist(神经学家) who l ed the first Berkel ey team,says current technol ogy for d ecoding brain activity is still “relatively primitive”.The fiel d is held back by its poor machinery,in particular the FMRI(磁力共振).
“Eventually,says Gallant,someone will invent a d ecoding machine you can wear as a hat.”Such an advance into the human mind, he says,might take 30 years.
Still,the recent advances at Berkeley offer small answers,which scientists can use to begin unl ocking the secrets of memory and consciousness.
9.What is the BEST title for the passage?
A.New technol ogy can read your mind
B.Fantasy is edging cl oser to fact
C.A new discovery in human brain
D.The intelligent computers in the future
10.What did scientists at the UC Berkeley d o?
A.They produced a fanciful world.
B.They mad e computers jump forward like a human.
C.They managed to translate brain waves into language.
D.They used computers to make short movies.
11.Which of the foll owing is impossibl e for the research?
A.It can help a disabl ed man recover his ability of speech.
B.Doctors can read a patient's mind even if he is unconscious.
C.Peopl e will know what happens in their dreams.
D.Peopl e's thoughts may be given away.
12.It can be inferred from the passage that ________.
A.scientists got the inspiration from a movie
B.the technol ogy still has a long way to go
C.the technol ogy has been put into practice
D.scientists have unlocked the secrets of memory
英语情态动词用法总结(完整) 一、单项选择情态动词 1．--- Difficulties always go with me! --- Cheer up! If God closes door in front of you, there be a window opened for you. A．must B．would C．could D．can 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】 考查情态动词辨析。句意：——困难总是伴随着我！——高兴点! 如果上帝在你面前关上了门，一定有一扇窗户为你打开。A. must必须；B. would将要；C. could能，会；D. can能，会。must表示对现在的状态推测时，意为“一定”，表示可能性很大的推测。符合语境。故选A。 【点睛】 1) must用在肯定句中表示较有把握的推测，意为"一定"。 2) must表对现在的状态或现在正发生的事情的推测时， must 后面通常接系动词be 的原形或行为动词的进行式。 3) must 表示对已发生的事情的推测时，must 要接完成式。 4) must表示对过去某时正发生的事情的推测，must 后面要接完成进行式。 5) 否定推测用can't。 本句中的。must表示对现在的状态推测时，意为一定，表示可能性很大的推测。符合第2点用法。 2．Paul did a great job in the speech contest. He many times last week. A．need have practised B．might practise C．must have practised D．could practise 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 考查情态动词。句意：保罗在演讲比赛中表现得很好。他上星期一定练习了很多次。must have done是对过去发生的动作最有把握的猜测，意思是“一定”。故C选项正确。 3．He is a bad-tempered fellow, but he ________ be quite charming when he wishes. A．shall B．should C．can D．must 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 考查情态动词辨析。句意：他是个脾气不好的家伙，但当他希望自己有魅力的时候，他可
一、选择题 1．—Sorry, Ms Wang. I left my homework at home. Must I hand it in today? —No, you_______ . You_______ bring it here tomorrow. A．mustn’t; should B．needn’t; must C．mustn’t; may D．needn’t; can 2．―I can't stop smoking, Doctor. ―For your health, I'm a fraid you . A．must B．can C．need D．have to 3．―I didn’t pass the driving test again. ―Don't worry. Just like the weather, life be beautiful all the time. A．can't B．needn't C．shouldn't D．mustn't 4．I hope you __________ to my birthday party. A．to come B．can come C．comes D．are come 5．I’ve bought a nice necklace for Jo’s birthday. She _____like it, but I’m not sure. A．can B．may be C．might D．must 6．—________your house be cleaned right now？ —No,it needn't.It may be cleaned this afternoon．（） A．Must B．May C．Can 7．A: Is Jim coming by train? B: I’m not sure. He _______ drive his car. A．must B．may C．need D．should 8．From March 23rd, 2013, anyone under the age of 14 ________ go into Disneyland alone. A．couldn’t B．mustn’t C．needn’t D．mightn’t 9．（江苏省无锡市锡北片2017届九年级下学期期中考试）—Where are you going for your summer holiday? —We go to Yun Nan, but we haven’t decided yet. A．should B．will C．may D．must 10．(2018·山东临沂) Could you please speak a little louder? I ______ hear you very well. A．can’t B．mustn’t C．shou ldn’t D．needn’t 11．—Doesn’t Frank like staying at home and looking after his little sister? —_______, but he ________ because both of his parents work. A．Yes; has to B．No; has to C．Yes; doesn’t have to D．No; doesn’t have to 12．—Could I call you by the first name? —Yes, you . A．will B．could C．may D．might 13．—Susan, someone is waiting for you on the phone. It_______ be your sister, but I’m not sure.—Oh, please tell her to call me_______ because I’m busy now.
情态动词表猜测的用法 情态动词must,can,could,should,may,might 等可以用在句中表示猜测。 1.“情态动词+动词原形”表示对现在或将来情况的猜测 I don’t know where she is. She may be in Wuhan. 2.“情态动词+进行式”表示对现在或将来正在进行的情况的猜测 At this moment, our teacher must be correcting our exam papers. 3.“情态动词+完成式”表示对过去情况的猜测 You must have been caught in the rain on your way home yesterday. 4.“情态动词+完成进行式”表示对过去正在进行的情况的猜测 Your mother must have been looking for you. 5.推测的否定形式用can’t/couldn’t，may not/might not表示
Mike can’t have found his car, for he came to work by bus this morning. 6.句子中含有表示猜测的情态动词时，其反 意疑问句的构成不能再用原句中的情态动词，而应根据原句在去掉情态动词的情况下的主谓关系来确定其反问形式。 ①The man in the white clothes must be a doctor, isn’t he? ②She must have seen the film before, hasn’t she? ③He must have an uncle abroad, doesn’t he? ④You must have met Uncle Wang in the shop yesterday, didn’t you? 7.在表示“猜测”方面的区别 情态动词must,can,could,should,may,might 都可以用于表示“猜测”（注意：could, might 表示推测时不表示时态, 其推测的程度不如can, may）。实际上，“猜测”与“可能性”在逻辑上是有必然联系的。如果认为没有某种可能性，人们就不会作出某些猜测。因此，请注意六个情态动词之间的区别与它们各
①常见的情态动词有：can (could) ,may (might), must ,shall (should), will (would), dare (dared) , need等,另外,have to、had better也当作情态动词使用。情态动词后面必须加动词的原形。 ②can表示体力、脑力方面的能力或客观的可能性。口语中, 在询问或说明一件事可不 可以做时,常用“can”代替“may”。情态动词“can”的过去式是“could”,否定式是“cannot”通常缩写成“can’t”,“could”的否定式是“could not”,通常缩写成“couldn’t”。 如：Can I help you?(要帮忙吗？) / He can swim.(他会游泳) / That can’t be Mr Li.(那不可能是李先生) ③may表示允许、请求或可能性,用may提问时,肯定回答一般用Certainly或Yes,you may.;否定回答一般用can’t或mustn’t. 如：May I ask you a question?—Certainly.(可以问你一个问题吗？当然可以) / You may go now.(现在你可以走了) / It may be in your pocket.(它可能在你的衣袋里) ④must表示“必须”、“一定”的意思。表示“必须”时否定形式是mustn’t；表示“一 定”时,否定形式是“can’t”如：We must be very careful when we cross the road.(我们过马路时一定要非常小心)/ It must be Jack.(那准是杰克)/ I haven’t seen Kate today. She can’t be here.(我今天没有看到过凯特,她不可能在这里) [注意]用must(必须)进行提问时,肯定回答用must,否定回答用needn’t；用must(一定)进行提问时,肯定回答仍用must,但是否定回答用can’t. 如：Must we clean the room before we leave? –Yes,you must.或No,you needn’t.(我们走之前必须要打扫房间吗？是的,必须打扫。/ 不,不需要。) / Must she be in the romm? –Yes,she must.或No,she c an’t.(她一定在房间里吗？是的,一定。/ 不,不可能在。) ⑤“have to”表示“不得不”、“必须”。We’ll have to leave now for it is very late at night. have to的疑问形式是：助动词+…+have to,否定形式是：助动词+not+have to或者用needn’t.如：Do you have to stay until 8 o’clock?(你得呆到8点钟吗？)/ You don’t have to do so.(=You nee dn’t do so.)(你不用这么做) ⑥shall在问句中,可表示征求对方意见,与第一人称连用；在陈述句的第二、三人称的 主语后或表示“命令”、“警告”、“允许”等。 如：Shall we go to the zoo this weekend?(我们这个周末去动物园好吗？) / He shall bring his own book next time.(他下次必须带自己的书来) ⑦should可表示“劝告”、“建议”、“惊奇”等意思。 We should speak to old people politely.(我们应该礼貌地对老人讲话) ⑧will表示“意愿”、“决心”等意思,一般与第二人称连用。 如：Will you please close the door for me?(请你替我把门关上好吗？) / I will teach you a lesson.(我要教训你一顿) ⑨would表示过去的“意愿”、“决心”等。 He would sit near the fire every time he returned home.(每次他回到家中总要坐在火炉边) would也可以表示现在的情况,表达说话人向对方提出的要求,语气比“will”婉转、客气。在日常会话中,“我想要…”通常用“I would like to”或“I should(I’d) like to”来表示。 如：Would you like to have a rest at the moment?(你现在想要休息一下吗？) would还可以表示过去经常发生的事情。 如：Every year parents would tell their children about the boy who would save his people.(每一年父母们总是向孩子们讲述这个将会拯救他的人民的男孩的事) ⑩need表示“需要”,用于疑问句或否定句。“need”作实义动词时,在肯定、否定、疑问句中都可以用。如： He needn’t do it in such a hurry.(他不需要如此匆忙地做这件事) / He needs some help.(他需要一些帮助) / He doesn’t need to bring his football socks then.(那么他就无须带上足球袜了)
高考情态动词(完整版) 一、单项选择情态动词 1．Look! There are so many mistakes in your composition. You ________ have fixed full attention on it. A．can B．should C．need D．might 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 考查情态动词。句意：看！你的作文里有那么多的错误。你本应该把所有的注意力都集中在它上面的。表示“本应该做但实际上没有做”应该用should have done结构，can have done 表示可能；need表示需要；might have done表示可能做过某事；故选B。 2．Most of the top leaders expressed a common desire at the UN conference, ______ that different cultures ______ coexist with tolerance. A．the one ; must B．the one ; should C．one ; must D．one ; should 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 考查替代和情态动词。句意：大多数高层领导人在联合国大会上表达了一个共同的愿望，即不同的文化应该与宽容共存。大多数高层领导人在联合国大会上表达了一个共同的愿望，即不同的文化应该与宽容共存。替代表泛指的单数名词，通常用one替代。此处用one替代前面的a desire，是同位语；结合句意第二空用情态动词should“应该”。故选D。【点睛】 that ,it ,one 代指前面的名词时的用法 1.one 指代前面出现的可数名词，是泛指。可以和冠词连用，也可以有自己的定语。一般不能用做特指，但和定冠词连用时可以是特指。如： Please show me the cup, the red one on the shelf. 2.It 指代前面提到的单数名词，相当于the one。当one是泛指的时候，指的是同名异物，it是指同一物体.如： ----Do you want the cup ? ---Yes ,I want it. 3.that通常用来代替前面出现的可数名词\不可数名词,主要是用来避免重复。如： The weather of Guangzhou is hotter than that of Beijing. 3．Paul did a great job in the speech contest. He many times last week. A．need have practised B．might practise C．must have practised D．could practise 【答案】C 【解析】
一、考点回顾 1、情态动词的基本用法 (1)can、be able to 和could ①can和be able to都表示能力，意思上没多大区别。 can只有现在和过去时，而be able to则有更多的形式。 但当成功地完成某一具体动作时，通常不用could而用was/were able to来表示。 这时was/were able to 相当于managed to，表示经过一番努力，终于能够完成某事。 ②can和could can和could都可以表示能力、技能、许可、建议或请求和可能性。但比较委婉客气地提出问题或陈述看法，一般用could，回答时则用can。 (2)may/might ①may/might表示可能，但may比might可能性大。 ②may/might表示“允许”，may用于现在时或将来时，might常用在间接引语中表过去时，但might也可用于现在时间，表示比较委婉的语气，回答用may。如： ③may / might 表示建议或请求，但might比may 更客气，意思更肯定而无过去时态的含义 用may表示推测一般不用于疑问句，在疑问句中通常用can来代替。 May I ... 问句常见的肯定回答和否定回答。 肯定回答 Yes, please.Certainly.Yes, of course.Sure.Go ahead, please. 否定回答 No, you can't. （最常见）No, you mustn't. （具有强烈禁止的意思） Please don't. You'd better not.I don't think you can.I'm sorry it's not allowed. （3）must ①must表示必须，应该，没有时态变化。 ②must表示肯定的推测。如： ③mustn’t 表示禁止做某事。如： （4）have to have to 表示“必须、不得不”，是由于某种外界（客观）原因而“必须”，“不得不”做某事，也可表示经常的或习惯性的事“必须”做。have to的否定形式表示不必。have to可用于多种时态中。如： （5）should / ought to ①should和ought to表示应当、应该，前者比后者语气轻。 ②should / ought to 表推测。 ③should / ought to的否定形式表示禁止之意。如： ④should可表示陈述意见，推出建议或请求；而ought to可以表示劝告之意。如： （6）will / would ①will 用于各种人称表示“意志”、“意愿”或“决心”等，否定式won’t + 动词。如： ②will用于疑问句中，常用在第二称时表示说话人向对方提出“请求”或“询问”如： ③will 表示习惯性的动作，有“总是”、“惯于”的含义。如： ④would 表示客气的请求、建议或意愿。如： ⑤would 表示过去反复发生的动作,总是会。 （7）need need 作“必要”讲，既可作情态动词，也可作实义动词。作实义动词时后面的动词不定式要
人教版英语英语情态动词复习含答案解析 一、初中英语情态动词 1．—Look! The woman at the school gate ______be her headmaster. —No, it ______ be her. She is holding a meeting in the office now. A. must; can't B. must; mustn't C. can; needn't D. may; mustn't 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：——看！学校门口的那个妇女一定是她的校长。——不，不可能是她。第一空，must表示“一定”；空二，根据She is holding a meeting in the office now. 她现在正在办公室开会，可知，不可能是校长，用can't，表示不可能。故选A。 【点评】考查情态动词辨析。注意不同情态动词的用法，注意理解句意。 2．—Where is Monica? I can't find her anywhere. —She be in the library. She loves reading books when she is free. A. must B. need C. can't 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：——莫妮卡在哪？我到处都找不到她。——她肯定在图书馆，她喜欢空闲时看书。A肯定，肯定句中表示推测，B需要，C不可能，否定句中表示推测，根据 She loves reading books when she is free ，可知是肯定句表示推测，故选A。 【点评】考查情态动词，注意情态动词表推测的用法。 3．You be tired after walking for such a long time. Sit down and have a rest. A. can B. can't C. mustn't D. must 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：走了这么长时间你一定很累了。坐下休息一下吧。can能，能够，can't不能，对事物进行否定推测；mustn't一定不是，禁止，must一定，对事物进行肯定推测，根据after walking for such a long time，可以肯定你一定很累，所以是进行肯定推测，情态动词使用must，故选D。 【点评】此题考查情态动词。弄清每个情态动词的使用规则，根据句意确定所使用的情态动词。 4．— Is this e-dictionary Jack's? — No, it_______ his. His is much newer. A. can't be B. mustn't be C. may be D. should be 【答案】 A 【解析】【分析】句意：-这个电子字典是杰克的吗？--不可能是他的，他的更新些。
一、选择题 1．—Doesn’t Frank like staying at home and looking after his little sister? —_______, but he ________ because both of his parents work. A．Yes; has to B．No; has to C．Yes; doesn’t have to D．No; doesn’t have to 2．You run with the train when i t is coming. It’s dangerous. A．may not B．mustn’t C．needn’t 3．-Listen! A wolf is crying! -It _______ be a wolf, because a wolf never comes out at this time. A．mustn’t B．needn’t C．can’t D．don’t 4．You have finished most of the work, so you ____ start working so early tomorrow. You may come at 9 :00. A．can't B．mustn't C．needn't D．couldn't 5．The designer has tried every possible way to make the robot light, so you _____ worry about its weight. A．must B．may C．can’t D．needn’t 6．---Mum, must I finish my homework today? ---No, you . Tomorrow is Sunday and you may have a rest today. A．shouldn’t B．mustn’t C．can’t D．don’t have to 7．A: Is Jim coming by train? B: I’m not sure. He _______ drive his car. A．must B．may C．need D．should 8．You look quite tired. You'd better ________ a good rest. A．stop to have B．stop having C．to stop to have D．to stop having 9．—I can't stop smoking, doctor. —For your health, I'm afraid you ________. A．must B．can C．may D．need 10．—I’d like ________ Guo Jingming’s Tiny Times. —You had better________ his books. The stories he tells are far from real life. A．buying, don’t read B．to buy, not read C．buying, not read D．to buy, not to read 11．—Tom, we’re going shopping at eight, right? —Yeah, but I ______ be a little late, so don’t wait for me. A．may B．should C．mustn’t 12．Even the top student can't work out this problem, so it________ be too difficult. A．must B．may C．can D．need 13．The milk tastes bad. You’d better_______. A．throw it away B．to throw it away
六年级英语专项练习：情态动词 一、情态动词的定义：情态动词有词义，但它不能单独作谓语，它必须和其他动词一起构成谓语。情态动词没有人称和数的变化；它的后面必须跟动词原形。 二、情态动词的种类： 三、情态动词的用法及主要句型： 1、Can I help you? ——Yes, please. / No, thanks. 2、Can + 主语+ 动词原形? Yes, ～can. No, ～can’t. 3、Can I borrow your book?----Yes,of course. 4、Can I write on the book? ------No, you can’t\mustn’t. 5、Could \Can you help me?---- Yes,of course.\Certainly.\ Sure. 6、Could \Can you tell me the way to the Zoo? 7、May I come in ?----- Come in, please.
8、May I sit here?----- Yes, please.\Sorry, please don’t. 9、May I have some Coke?---- Yes, of course. 10、May/ Could / Can I speak to Tom? -----Speaking. Who’s calling? 11、should 、shouldn’t 表示劝告： 1) He should get up early. 2) She shouldn’t play computer game too much. 12、Should +主语+动词原形? Yes, ～should.\ No, ～shouldn’t. 13、表示建议“你愿意…吗” Would you like to go shopping with me? -----Yes, I’d love to. /I’d love to. But I’m busy now. 14、就餐用语Would you like something to eat\drink? ----Yes, I’d like… 15、shall用于第一人称(I, we), 可以表示“将”和表示建议“……好吗?” 1) Where shall we have dinner? 2) Shall we go fishing? -----All right. \OK. \Good idea. 16、Must + 主语+ 动词原形? ---Yes,～must.\No, ～needn’t. 四、相关练习： (一) 用适当的情态动词填空。 1. Must I borrow the book with my ID card? No, you ________. 2. ________ I use your car? Yes, you ________. 3. ________ I go home now? No, you _________ stay here. 4.My mother is ill. I _________ stay at home and look after her.
【英语】情态动词的归纳 一、单项选择情态动词 1．—_______ you disturb me now? I’m busy preparing a report. — Terribly sorry, but I have something urgent to tell you. A．Need B．Should C．Might D．Must 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】 考查情态动词特殊用法。句意：—你非要现在打扰我吗？我正在准备一份报告。—真对不起，但是我怕有紧急事情告诉你。A. Need需要；B. Should 应该；C. Might也许；D. Must 必须；一定；偏偏，非得；根据语境可知must表示“偏偏，非得”符合上下文语境，用来指责对方。故D项正确。 2．It ________ be the postman at the door. It's only six o'clock. A．mustn't B．can't C．won't D．needn't 【答案】B 【解析】 D[考查虚拟语气。句意：不可能是邮递员在门口，才六点钟呢。mustn't 禁止，不允许；can't 不可能；won't 不愿意，就是不，偏不；needn't 不需要。] 3．Keep up your spirits even if you _____ fail hundreds of times. A．must B．need C．may D．should 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 考查情态动词。A. must必须；B. need需要；C. may可能，或许；D. should应该。句意：即使失败了几百次，也要振作起来。此处表示一种不确定的推测，故选C。 4．--- Oh, my God! I just missed the last bus back home. --- That’s really bad. I’m sure you ______ it, but you just didn’t hurry up. A．had caught B．could have caught C．could catch D．can catch 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 考查情态动词+have done结构。句意：——哦,我的上帝!我刚好错过了回家的末班车。——这是非常糟糕的。我肯定你能赶上，但你就是不抓紧。could have done“本来能做而没有做”。故选B。
专项：情态动词 一考点：情态动词的用法和辨析，情态动词表示推测和可能，由情态动词引导的一般疑问句的回答。 二类型：1 只是情态动词：can, could, may, might, must 2 可做情态动词，可做实义动词：need, dare 3 可做情态动词，可做助动词：will, would, shall, should 4 特殊：have to, ought to, used to 三特征：1 有一定的词义，但不能单独作谓语，必须与行为动词和系动词连用构成谓语。 2 无人称和数的变化。（have to 除外） Eg: He has to stay here. 3 后接动词原形。 4 具有助动词作用，可构成否定，疑问或简短回答。 四用法： 1. can ①表示能力，“能，会”。Eg : Can you play basketball? ②表示怀疑，猜测，常用于否定句或疑问句。 Eg :Li hua can’t be in the classroom. ③表示请求，允许，多用于口语，译“可以”= may. Eg: you can go now. ④can 开头的疑问句，肯定句，否定句用can或can’t. 2.could①can 的过去式，表示过去的能力。 Eg :I could swim when I was seven years old. ②could 开头的疑问句，肯定和否定回答用could, couldn’t如果could 表示现在的委婉，用can 回答。 Eg: Could I have a drink? Yes, you can. 3.may①表示推测，“可能，也许”，用于肯定句。 Eg: He may come tomorrow. ②表示请求，“许可,可以”。Eg: May I borrow your book? 注：表示请求，许可时，主语为第一人称的一般疑问句，否定回
Modal Verb（II） 一、ought to的用法 Ought没有时态和人称的变化，后面须跟带to的不定式。 （1）用于第一人称，表示有责任或有必要去做某事，与should相比，语气较弱； We ought to be more careful with our homework. （2)用于第二人称，表示建议或劝告； You ought to give up smoking. （3）用于第三人称，表示对现在或将来某种肯能性的推测，且这种推测是可信的； He ought to come at once。 二、need的用法 Need既可作实义动词，也可作情态动词。作情态动词时，表“需要、有必要”，无人称和数的变化；多用于疑问句、否定句和条件状语从句中。 You needn’t come early. Need I tell you everything that has happened to me? Yes, you must/have to. No,you needn’t. 三、dare的用法 （1）dare 既可作实义动词，也可作情态动词。作情态动词时，表“敢......”，无人称和数的变化；多用于疑问句、否定句、条件状语从句以及表示怀疑的名词性从句中。 I dare not walk through the wood at night. If you dare speak to me like that again，you’ll be sorry. （2）dare作实义动词时，在否定句中不定式符号to也可以省略。 The children don’t dare to make a sound while their parents are sleeping. 四、情态动词+have done结构的用法 （1）may/might/must have done:表示对过去情况的推测或估计，表“想必或肯定（已经）做了某事；I must have seen you somewhere. （2）could have done：表示本来能够做却没有做某事 can/couldn’t have done:表示对过去情况的否定性推测，表示不可能已经做了某事； The train has left. You could have got up earlier. I can/couldn’t have lost my key. (3)should/ought to have done:表示本应该做而实际未做 shouldn’t/oughtn’t to have done:表示本不应该做而实际已经做了 I should have told you the bad news. You shouldn’t have let anyone else know the secret. (4)need have done:表示本需要而实际未做 needn’t have done:表示本不必做某事而实际做了 You needn’t have dressed so formally. 注意区分情态动词+not的真正含义： may或许，可能，可以may not或许不，可能不 might可能，可以might not可能不 can能够，可能，可以can’t/can not不能，不可能 must必须，一定mustn’t不许，禁止 should应该shouldn’t不应该 need需要needn’t不必
情态动词的语法特征 1）情态动词不能表示正在发生或已经发生的事情，只表示期待或估计某事的发生。 2）情态动词除ought和have外，后面只能接不带to的不定式。 3）情态动词没有人称，数的变化，即情态动词第三人称单数不加-So 4）情态动词没有非谓语形式，即没有不定式，分词，等形式。 1、表示能力:can /could , be able to （+do） 1）c an和be able to的区别：观察以下各句，可知can只能用于________ 和__________ ；be able to可用于各种时态。 eg:① I can /am able to speak En gliS他能说英语。 ②He could/ was able to eat four pieces of bread when he was young. ③They will be able to finish the housework soon. 2）C an/couldyou+动原+其它？表示征求对方意见或提出请求，表示委婉语气, 但在这个句型里could 比can更委婉。但要注意它的回答用can不用could. Eg: ---Could you help me ?---Yes, I can. 2、表示许可:may/might, can/coul（但一定要注意：以may开头的疑问句的否定 — 例如：---May I come in- Yes, you may. / No, you can ' t = No ,you mustn 3、表示必须、必要:must, have to表示 _________ ；needn 表示 Eg: You must/ have to fin ish the wo你必、须完成这个工作。 1）观察以下句子，我们可知must表示说话人的______________ ; have to表 示____________ 。 Eg:① I must go home我必须回家； ② He has to give up smoking because of badly cou 因h为咳嗽，他不得不戒烟。 2）观察以下句子，我们可知mustn '表示_______ ，译为__________ ；don' t have to译为。 Eg:① Youmustn 'beat her.你不准打她。 ② -Must I finish my homework n —/Yfes, you must ./ Nyou needn=youdon' t have to 、我必须现在完成作业吗？--是的，你必须完成。/不，你不必了。 4、表示推测: must, can, could , may, might. Eg:① You run for hours, you must be very ti 你跑了几个钟，你一定很累了。 ②It can 'be John. He has gone to the U不可能是John,他已经去了英国。 ③—Vho can it be?——It may/could/might be Jack. It looks like him. -可能是谁呢？--可能是Jack,看起来像他。 观察以上各句总结：肯定推测_______ 译为________ ;否定推测___________ 译 为；疑问推测有个译为；可能性推测用。 及时训练并归纳最常考情态动词的用法： 1 、---Would you like to go fishing with me ? ---Yes, /_ 。 2、---May I put these things here? ---Yes, _________ / No, ___________ 3、---Must we hand in our homework today? ---Yes _________ / No, ________ 4、---Look! Some one is coming. It __________ be our class teacher.（用 must/ca n/could/may/mig填空） ---It _ be him. He has gone to Beiji ng. 1. 中考怎么考？丨 1. —Look! I ' ve chosen so manhthe-Do you know all these should _______ （付
复习专题情态动词专题复习 一、初中英语情态动词 1．—We've got everything ready for the picnic. —Do you mean I __________ bring anything with me? A. can't B. mustn't C. couldn't D. needn't 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：—我们已经为野餐准备好了一切。—你的意思是我不必带任何东西吗？A. can't 不能；B. mustn't 表示禁止，一定不要；C. couldn't不能，表示过去时态；D. needn't不必。结合句意，故选D。 【点评】本题考查情态动词的用法。 2．——Shall we meet at the station at 7 am? ——In fact, we _______. The train _______ until 9 a. m. A. mustn't; doesn't leave B. mustn't; leaves C. needn't; won't leave D. needn't; will leave 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】need，需要，否定式是needn't；must的含义是必须一定，其否定形式mustn't表示禁止的含义。句意：我们上午七点在车站见面好吗？——实际上，我们不必。火车到上午九点钟才出发。结合语境可知后一空描述的是将要发生的动作，故用一般将来时态。选C。 【点评】情态动词的考查是初中英语考查的重点，平时学习中一定要熟记这些词的基本词义及用法上的不同，注意其用法及在句子中表达语气的不同。考试中结合语境选择合适答案。 3．You _____ walk too close to the edge of the path because you might fall and hurt yourself. A. may B. might C. needn't D. musn't 【答案】 D 【解析】【分析】句意：你不能走得太靠近路的边缘，因为你可能跌倒伤害自己。A. may 可以，表允许；B. might可能，表推测；C. needn't不必，指没有必要；D. musn't不能，表示不允许或禁止。根据句意语境，本句是不允许离路边太近，故选D。 【点评】考查情态动词辨析题。注意分析句意和词义。 4．—Where is George? —He _______ be here just now. His coffee is still warm. A. need B. can't C. must D. shouldn't 【答案】 C 【解析】【分析】句意：——乔治在哪里？——他刚才一定在这里，他的咖啡还是热的。A.