非谓语动词作宾补练习
1. Mother asked me ______ my birthday party.
A. don’t worry about
B. doesn't worry about
C. not worry for
D. not to worry about
2. You have ______ your hair cut every other week.
A. had
B. to have
C. to be
D. got
3. I hope _____ a book.
A. you to give me
B. you give me
C. to be given
D. for giving me
4. Robert is said ______ abroad, but I don’t know what country he studied in.
A. to have studied
B. to study
C. to be studying
D. to have been studying
https://www.doczj.com/doc/9513951855.html,dies and gentlemen，please remain ______ until the plane has come to a complete stop. A．seated B．seating
C．to seat D．seat
6. The taxi driver often reminds passengers to ______ their belongings when they leave the car.
A. keep
B. catch
C. hold
D. take
7.Now that we've discussed our problem，are people happy with the decisions ______？A．taking B．take
C．taken D．to take
8.They use computers to keep the traffic ______ smoothly.
A．being run B．run
C．to run D．running
9.. He told us whether ______ a picnic was still under discussion.
A．to have B．having
C．have D．had
10.The director had her assistant ___ some hot dogs for the meeting.
A. picked up
B. picks up
C. pick up
D. picking up
11.Please remain________; the winner of the prize will be announced soon．
A．seating B．seated C．to seat D．to be seated
12.To learn English well, we should find opportunities to hear English ______ as much as we can.
A. speak.
B. speaking
C. spoken
D. to speak
13. Due to the heavy rain and flooding ,ten million people have been forced ________their homes
A. leaving
B. to leave
C. to be left
D. being left
14. If we have illegal immigrants ________ in,many local workers will lose their jobs
A.came
B. coming
C. to come
D. having come
15.After a knock at the door, the child heard his mother’s voice ______ him.
A. calling
B. called
C. being called
D. to call
1-5: DBCAA;6-9DCDAC;11-15:BCBBA
1.Jenny hopes that Mr. Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English in a short period.
A.improved
B.improving
C.to improve
D.improve
2.John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work _____, he gladly accepted it.
A. finished
B. finishing
C. having finished
D. was finished
3.I smell something __________ in the kitchen. Can I call you back in a minute?
A. burning
B. burnt
C. being burnt
D. to be burnt
4.She wants her paintings in the gallery, but we don' t think they would be very popular.
A.display
B.to display
C.displaying
D.displayed
5.Energy drinks are not allowed _____ in Australia but are brought in from New Zealand.
A. to make
B. to be made
C. to have been made
D. to be making
6. The mother felt herself ____ cold and her hands trembled as she read the letter from the battlefield.
A. grow
B. grown
C. to grow
D. to have grown
1-5:AAADB; 6 A
宾语补足语练习题 1. The manager discussed the plan that they would like to see______ the next year.(NMET2000) A. carry out B. carrying out C. carried out D. to carry out 2. ----There’s a hole in your bag. ---- I know, I’m going to have it _____. A.mend B. mending C. mended D. to be mended 3. Though he had often made his little sister ____, today he was made ____ by his little sister. A.cry; to cry B. crying; crying C. cry; cry D. to cry; cry 4. They would not allow him _____ across the enemy line. A.to risk going B. risking to go C. for risk to go D. risk going 5. I found the door _____ when I got home. A.opened B. close C. unlocking D. open 6. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him ___. A.not to B. not to do C. not do D. do not to 7. I couldn’t do my homework with all that noise____. A.going on B. goes on C. went on D. to go on 8. With a lot of difficult problems_____, the newly-elected president is having a hard time. A.settled B. settling C. to settle D. being settled 9. I advised _____ at once. A.him to starting B. him to start C. to starting D. to start 10. When I put my hand on his chest, I could feel his heart still ____. A.beat B. to be beating C. beating D. was beating 11. You had better get a doctor _____ your bad tooth. A.pull out B. to pull out C. pulled out D. pulling out 12. He managed to make himself with his____ English. A.understand; breaking B. understand; broken B. C. understood; breaking D. understood; broken 13. The doctor asked him not to leave his wound ______. A. expose B. exposed C. to expose D. exposing 14. They are going to have the service man ____ an electric fan in the office tomorrow. A.install B. to install C. to be installed D. installed 15. After a few rounds of talks, both sides regarded the territory dispute ______. A.being settled B. to be settled C. had settled D. as settled 16. You will see this product ____ wherever you go. A.to be advertised B. advertised C. advertise D. advertising 17. His remarks left me _____ about his real purpose. A.wondered B. wonder C. to wonder D. wondering 18. When I caught him ______ me I stopped buying things there and started dealing with another shop. A.cheating B. cheat C. to cheat D. to be cheating 19. Though he had often made his little sister ____, today he was made ____ by his
非谓语动词作宾补 考点一感官动词see/ watch /observe/look at/hear/listen to/ notice等和使役动词have 后面的宾补。分两种情况： （一）当宾语与宾补存在逻辑上的主动关系时，动词原形 （省略to的不定式）表完成；doing表主动正在进行； （二）当宾语与宾补存在逻辑上的被动关系时，done与宾语 表示完成或没有一定的时间性；being done 表示正在进行。如： 1 I heard her sing an English song just now . 刚才我听到她唱 了一首英文歌。 2 I heard her singing an English song when I passed by her room yesterday . 昨天经过她房间时，我听到她在唱一首英文歌曲。 3 I heard an English song being sung when I passed by her room yesterday . 昨天经过她房间时，我听到她在唱一首英文歌曲。 4 I’d like to see my plan carried out . 我想看到这个计划被执行。 注意：不及物动词的过去分词表示完成或状态I looked down at my necklace and found my necklace gone . 对应练习: When I passed by the hall , I heard the clock ___ twelve . A strike B stuck C sticking D to strick 用动词的适当形式填空：At that moment I saw him ____________ (cross) the street . I was glad to see the children well ____________ (take) care of . 考点二let的复合结构：1 Let + 宾语+ do 让...做... 2 Let + 宾语+ be + done 让...被... 例如：Don’t let your child p lay with matches . Let the work be done immediately . 考点三leave 的复合结构，意为：使。。。处于某种状态 1 leave sb doing sth 让某人一直... （宾语与宾补之间是逻辑上的主动关系，表示动作正在进行） 2 leave sb to do sth 留下某人去做某事 （宾语与宾补之间是逻辑上的主动关系，不定式动作表将来） 3 leave sth to be done 留下某事要做 （宾语与宾补之间是逻辑上的被动关系，不定式表将来被动） 4 leave sth undone 留下某事未作（ 宾语与宾补之间是逻辑上的被动关系， 表示被动和完成。常见的宾补动词有undone/unfinished/unsettled/untouched等） It’s wrong of you to leave the machine running He left , leaving me to do all the work . We hurriedly ended our meeting, leaving our problems to be settled . The guests left most of the dishes untouched, because they didn’t taste delicious .
五种基本句型——主谓宾宾（宾补）结构 主语＋谓语＋宾语（somebody）＋宾语(something) 主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾语补足语 这个句型的语后面有两个宾语， 这两个宾语放在一起叫双宾语（直接宾语+直接宾语） 例如：Lend me your dictionary, please. 这里“me”和“a book”一人一物做宾语就是双宾语 这两个宾语：前一个宾语称为"间接宾语"，多由代词或名词充当，通常为“人”； 后一个宾语称为"直接宾语"，往往由名词充当，通常为“物”。 这类句型常有"给某人某物"、"送某人某物"、"留给某人某物"等意思。 常见的这类谓语动词有： give(给某人……), bring(带给某人……), bring somebody something tell(告诉某人……), tell somebody something send(送给某人……), send somebody something leave(留给某人……), leave somebody something pass(递给某人……), pass somebody something read(给某人读……), read somebody something write(给某人写……), write somebody something take(给某人拿……), take somebody something show(给某人看……), show somebody something teach(教给某人……), teach somebody something get(给某人弄到……), get somebody something lend(借给某人……), lend somebody something buy(给某人买……), buy somebody something pay(支付给某人……), pay somebody something hand(递给某人……) 。hand somebody something 注：上面各词的中文释义是刻意按照该词的常用动词句型而给的，以便于大家更好地理解该词出现于哪个基本句型中。
非谓语动词作宾语补足语 定义：宾语补足语通常是位于宾语之后，说明宾语的状态、特征的成分，多由名词,形容词、副词、不定式,动名词个分词充当. 如：The sun keeps us warm. We call her Jenny. They found him out. Make yourself at home. They wish you to go with them. I heard him singing. You must get your hair cut. 宾语+宾语补足语=复合宾语，宾语和宾语补足语之间在逻辑上往往有主表、或者主谓的关系. 一、动词不定式作宾补。 1.V1 + sb. + to do sth. 常用动词有：advise 建议allow 允许ask 叫，请bear 忍受 beg 乞求cause 导致command 命令encourage 鼓励expect 期待forbid 禁止force 迫使get 使 hate 讨厌help 帮助intend 想要invite 邀请 leave 让like 喜欢mean 打算need 需要 oblige 迫使order 命令permit 允许persuade 说服 prefer 宁愿request 请求remind 提醒teach 教 tell 告诉trouble 麻烦want 想要warn 警告 wish 希望wait for 等would like 想要would love 想要would prefer 宁愿 persuade (劝说）sb to do sth = persuade sb into doing sth 温馨提示： 1.advise, forbid,allow, permit 这四个词后既可以直接加动名词作宾语，也可以接不定式作 宾语补足语，即构成 doing sth advise/ forbid/ allow/ permit sb to do sth 2.fear, excuse, refuse, insist, hope, suggest, agree, decide, demand, thank, arrange 等动词后不可接sb to do sth。 They forbade her to leave the country. 他们禁止她离开国家。 Please remind me not to be late for the meeting. 请提醒我开会不要迟到。3. He asked me to keep my word. 他要我信守承诺。 练习： Exercise1 1.I didn’t want my parents _________(help ) me. 2.We’d prefer you __________( take ) the job instead of Zhang. 3.The school ordered all the classroom ________( clean ). 4.My parents expect me _________( go )to a ideal university. 5.Joan promised the dinner ____________( cook ) before we returned. 6.The doctor advised the patient ___________( take ) two pills every four hours. 7. My advisor encouraged ________ a summer course to improve my writing skills. (北京卷) A. for me taking B. me taking C. for me to take D. me to take 8. The teacher asked us ________ so much noise. (北京卷) A. don’t make B. not make C. not making D. not to make 9. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him ________. (全国卷) A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not do 二、在感官动词(feel, listen to, hear, see, look at, watch, notice 等)和使役动词(make, let, have)后，要用不带to 的不定式作宾补。但在这些动词的被动式(如果可以变为被动式的话)后用作主语补足语的不定式要带to。 The boss made her work long hours. 主语谓语宾语宾补 She was made to work long hours (by her boss). 主语谓语主补 诀窍：某些动词真奇怪，to来to去令人猜； 主动语态to离开，被动语态to回来。 记忆方法：一感(feel)、二听(hear, listen to)、三让(let, have, make)、五看(see, look at, watch, notice，observe)。 注：(1) 动词help后，可以加to,也可以省略to. I will help him (to) clean the room.。 Lucy often helps her brother (to) learn English. 口诀：宾补省to有习惯，只有动词十一个半：五“看”二“听”一“感觉”，三个“使役”紧跟着。一个“帮助”两均可，牢记保你不出错。 练习： 1. Though he had often made his little sister ________, today he was made ________ by his little sister.
精品文档分词作宾语补足语在历届高考中出现频率很高，是各省市高考命题的一大热点,因此正确掌握分词在句中的用法十 分重要。要想顺利解决分词作宾语补足语的问题，就要掌握以下思路：分词具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，同时也 有动词的特征。过去分词在时态上强调动作已经完成，在语态上侧重于被动；而现在分词在时态上强调动作正在进行 在语态上侧重于主动。 一、概念 宾语补足语：在英语中，某些及物动词不仅需要宾语，而且还要求某个词或词组来补充说明宾语，即表示宾语代表的人或物所发出的动作或所处的状态，这个词或短语称为宾语补足语。有些语法书把宾语和补足语称为复合宾语。 句型：及物动词+宾语(n./pron.) +宾语补足语(n./adj./adv./ to do/ -ing/ -ed/介词短语共7种表示法) 可以用分词作主语或宾语补足语的动词 要会使用分词作补足语，必须记住哪些动词可以接分词充当补足语。 1. 感官动词feel，hear，listen to，see, watch，notice，observe，look at (一感二听五看)及find 等既可以接现在分词又可以接过去分词充当补足语。如： I saw him ___________ (change )the wheel of his car.我看见他在换汽车轮子。(意味着我看到了整个动作过程) I saw him ___________ (change)the wheel of his car.我看见他换汽车轮子。(可能意味着我只看到动作过程的一部分) I saw the wheel of his car ________ ( cha nge) by a boy just now. I saw him _________ ( run) dow n the street.我看见他沿着街跑。 I felt an ant _______ ( climb) over my leg.我感到一只蚂蚁正在我的腿上爬。 Sudde nly I noticed her ________ ( sta nd) outside突然我注意到她正站在外边。 Whe n we went home, we found the door _____ (lock). We can hear the wi ndows _________ (beat) by the heavy rain drops. They felt themselves _________ (cheat). The America n Chin ese is amazed to find his hometow n greatly ______ (cha nge). I could hear the girls _________ (sing) in the classroom.我能听到女孩们在教室里唱歌。 I have never heard the song ________ (sing) in my school. 我从未听过这首歌在我们学校唱过。 In the dream Peter saw himself _________ by a fierce wolf, and he woke suddenly with a start. (2006 上海卷) A. chased B. to be chased C. be chased D. havi ng bee n chased After a knock at the door, the child heard his mother ' s voice him. (2007 上海春) A. call ing B. called C. being called D. to call He was seen ________ ( cross) the road.(整个过程)有人看见他穿过马路。 He was seen _________ ( cross) the road.(正在进行的动作)有人看见他在穿过马路。 The miss ing boys were last seen _______ ( play) n ear the river. 2 .表示"致使”动词get , have , make等既可以接现在分词又可以接过去分词充当补足语。 (keep / leave sb/sth doing ) H e managed to get the task ______ (finish) on time.他设法按时完成了任务。 The director got her assistant __________ some hot dogs for the meeting. (2008 全国II 卷) A. picked up B. picks up C.to pick up D. pick ing up Jenny hopes that Mr. Smith will suggest a good way to have her writte n En glish ______ in a short period. (2007 福建 卷) A. improved B. improvi ng C. to improve . improve --Good morning. Can I help you? --I'd like to have the package _________ ( weigh), madam. (MET89 ) T he director had her assistant _________ some hot dogs for the meeting. (2008 全国II 卷)
非谓语作补语 一．带to的不定式（to do ）作宾补的动词 常见的有：ask, invite, tell, want, encourage, wish, expect, beg, request, require, advise, order, force, cause, allow, permit, forbid, warn, remind, teach, send, call on, wait for, would like / love / prefer等表示劝请、要求类动词后，用带to的不定式作宾补 1. My advisor encouraged ________ a summer course to improve my writing skills. (北京卷) A. for me taking B. me taking C. for me to take D. me to take 2. The teacher asked us ________ so much noise. (北京卷) A. don’t mak e B. not make C. not making D. not to make 3. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him ________. (全国卷) A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not do 4. The patient was warned ________ oily food after the operation. (全国卷) A. to eat not B. eating not C. not to eat D. not eating 二. 在使役动词后作宾补的不定式不带to 在使役动词make, let, have后，一般用不带to的不定式作宾补，但在其被动式后作主语补足语时，要加上to。 1. Though he had often made his little sister ________, today he was made ________ by his little sister. A. cry, to cry B. crying, crying C. cry, cry D. to cry, cry 2. Paul doesn’t have to be made ________. He always works hard. (全国卷) A. learn B. to learn C. learned D. learning 三．在感官动词后作宾补的非谓语动词形式 感官动词feel, listen to, hear, see, look at, watch, notice，observe 等后面的宾语与作宾补的非谓语动词在逻辑上是主动关系时，用不带to的(在被动式后作主补时要加to)不定式(全过程)或者现在分词作宾补(正在发生)，是被动关系是时，用过去分词作宾补 1. They knew her very well. They had seen her ________ up from childhood. (全国卷) A. grow B. grew C. was growing D. to grow 2. The missing boy were last seen ________ near the river. (全国卷) A. playing B. to be playing C. play D. to play 3. The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see ________ the next year. (全国卷) A. carried out B. carrying out C. carry out D. to carry out 四．其宾语后可用分词或不定式的3个动词 在want, get, have等动词的宾语后面可接现在分词、过去分词或动词不定式。现分述如下： ①want sb. doing希望某人做某事(多用于否定)；want sb. to do要某人做某事；want sth. done=want sth. to be done(被动)。 I don’t wan t you arriving late. 我希望你不要迟到。(主动、否定句) I want the letter (to be) opened now. 我现在就想把这封信拆开。(被动) ②get sb. to do sth. 使某人做某事(主动、将来); get…doing使…开始做某事; get…done=have sth. done请人做/ 遭受(被动)。如： I’ll try to get her ________ the doctor. (上海卷) A. see B. seeing C. to see D. for seeing ③have sth. done=get sth. done请人做某事; have sb / sth. doing sth. 使某人/ 某物一直做某事或者处于某种状态；have sb. do sth. 使某人做某事(见使役动词)；have sth. to do有事要做(见非谓语动词作定语部分)。 1. He didn’t keep on asking me the time any longer as he had had his wa tch ________. (上海卷) A. to repair B. repaired C.repairing D. repair
宾语补足语 宾语补足语是用于补充说明宾语的成分。宾语补足语常常放在宾语之后，和宾语一起构成复合宾语。 一、常见的能接宾语补足语的词语 1.使役动词 （1）使役动词make make用作使役动词表示“使”时，可跟复合结构，即“make +宾语+宾语补足语”，其中的宾语补足语可以是形容词、名词、不带to的不定式、过去分词。 The heavy rain made it impossible for us to go out.大雨使得我们无法出去。 He couldn't make himself heard above the noise of the traffic.在交通嘈 杂声中他无法使自己让别人听到。 What makes the grass grow?什么使得草生长？ ★动词不定式作make的宾语补足语时要用省略to的形式，但如果用在被动语态中，to一定不能省略。 She was made to work twelve hours a day.她被迫每天工作十二个小时。（2）使役动词have have表示“使得??”，其后接宾语补足语，常用于以下结构： ①have sb. do sth.使/让某人做某事 ②have sb. Doing sth.使/让某人一直做某事
③have sth. Done使/让某事被做；遭遇某种不幸 The teacher had the little boy write on the blackboard.老师让这个小男孩在黑板上写。 1 / 8 don't have the lights burning all the night. 不要让灯整夜亮着。 He had the bike repaired yesterday.昨天他让人修了自行车。 He had his leg broken in the match.在比赛中他摔断了腿。 （3）使役动词leave leave用作使役动词，表示“使/让??保持某种状态”，可以用形容词、名词、介词短语、分词作宾语补足语。 ①He left the door open when he went out.他出去时，没有关门。 ②They walked off and left me sitting there alone.他们走开了，让我一个人坐在那儿。 （4）使役动词keep keep用作使役动词，表示“使/让??保持某种状态”，可以用形容词、现在分词作宾语补足语。 ①Close the door to keep the room warm.关上门让房间保持暖和。 ②You've kept me waiting an hour.你已经让我等了一个小时！ （5）使役动词get get用作使役动词，表示“促使某事发生”或“使得某人做某事”，其
主谓宾定状补的用法 主语,就是动作的执行者,一般都是名词,有时是用一个句子来作主语,这种情况叫做主语从句.例如: He teaches English.He is a teacher.He就是主语. 谓语,就是行为动词,而行为动词又包括,连系动词,实义动词. 表语,就是表明主语的身分,性质特点,如上面的例子,teacher就是表语,表明主语he 是一个老师.表语是用在连系动词后面的,一起构成"系表"结构. 宾语,就是动作的承担者.例如上面的English就是动词teach 的承担者. 直接宾语和间接宾语是指一些词可以加双宾语时而言的! 例如give ,有句型give sb. sth.和give sth. to sb. 这种情况下,sb是间接宾语,sth,是直接宾语.简记为: 直间两个xx,间xx 在后,to 领先. 宾语补足语,就是补充说明宾语的状态特征. 例如;We call him Tom.我们叫他汤姆,Tom就是him 的补足语. 主语补足语是补充说明主语的形态特征. 例如The deer was caught alive那. 只鹿被活捉,alive就是主语deer 的补足语, 说明这只鹿还是活的.定语,就是形容词或者相当于形容词的词来修饰名词. 例如: She is a beautiful girl.beautiful就是girl 的定语. 状语,就是句子的枝叶,用来补充说明其时间,地点,条件,程度等. I get up at 6: 30. at 6:30 就是一个时间状语.主谓宾 主谓xx 结构
主谓宾结构为一种文法的语序，即语法顺序为主语—谓语—宾语的结构，像英文的"I eat apples"就是一个例子，在此范例中I 为主词（主语），eat 为动词（谓语），apples 为受词（宾语）。 汉语也是以主谓宾结构表达。“我爱你”这三个字，我是主语，爱是谓语，你就是宾语。 虽然使用主谓宾结构的语言在事实上没有使用主宾谓结构的语言种类多，但是也是相当多的，且许多克里奥尔语都使用主谓宾结构为主要语序。 主谓宾定状补 组成句子的各个部分叫句子成分。英语句子成分有主语，谓语，表语，宾语，宾语补足语，定语，状语等。 顺序一般是主语，谓语，宾语，宾语补足语，而表语，定语，状语的位置要根据情况而定。 1、主语 主语表示句子主要说明的人或事物，一般由名词，代词，数词，不定式等充当。 He likes watching TV他. 喜欢看电视。 2、谓语 谓语说明主语的动作，状态或特征。 一般可分为两类： 1）简单谓语 由动词（或短语动词）构成。 可以有不同的时态，语态和语气。 We study for the people. 我们为人民学习。 2）复合谓语：
非谓语动词做宾补的练习题 用单词的适当形式填空： 1.Listen! Do you hear someone ___________(call)for help? 2. I was sleeping when I heard my name ____________(shout) 3.He’d seen us ____________(sit) by the lake all those times. 4. To his surprise, Jack found his son ________(dress) as Santa Claus on Christmas Eve. 5.You begin to understand how Chinese speakers have their thoughts ____________(organize), and how they understand things. 6. The patient was warned not __________(eat) oily food. 7.Jenny hopes that Mr. Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English ________________ (improve) in a short period. 8. The heartwarming story began in September last year when a woman asked the primary school in her neighborhood ____________(accept) her six-year-old son. 9.If you expect people ___________(give up) the habit of driving, we must give them another alternative(选择) 10.I like the film because it can make me_____________(laugh) 11.She kept me ____________(wait)over 10minutes. 12.with so many people_____________（look）at him,he felt very nervous. 13.with the problem__________(solve),the quality has been improved.
精心整理 宾语补足语讲解 一、定义：宾语补足语通常紧跟在宾语之后，对宾语进行补充说明。 二、句子结构是：主+谓+宾+宾补 三宾语补足语的词语形式有： 副词，形容，名词，介词短语，不定式(带to/不带to)，分词（现在分词/过去分词） 四、具体说明： （1）副词作宾语补足语如：Ifoundhim in yesterday. （2）形容词作宾语补足语如：Wemustkeepourclassroom clean. （3）名词作宾语补足语如：Wecallthem mooncakes. （4）介词短语作宾语补足语如：Ileftmypen onmydesk athome. （5）不定式作宾语补足语如：Sheoftenasksme tohelp her. Ioftenseehim play football. 用不定式作宾语补足语的几种说明： ①help后面作宾语补足语的动词不定式可以带to也可以不带to。 如：Ioftenhelpmymother(to)dosomehousework. ②在使役动词和感官动词后作宾语补足语，不定式不带to。这些动词有： 一感：feel；二听：hear,listento；三让：let,have,make四观看：observe,see,watch,lookat 如：I saw theboy climb thewall（过程） 如：Theboss makes theboy work dayandnight. 这类动词转为被动语态时，其后不定式符号to要重新加上去(注意have没有被动语态)。 Thoughhehadoften madehislittlesistercry,todayhe wasmadetocry byhislittlesister. 虽然经常是他弄哭小妹妹，但今天他却被小妹妹弄哭了 ③表示心理状态的动词（consider,think,believe,discover,find,imagine,judge,suppose,prove等）后接不定式tobe+形容词或名词"结构作宾语补足语。think,consider,find后的tobe常可省略。 如：Weconsiderhim(tobe)agoodteacher. 如：Heprovedthetheory(tobe)veryimportant. （6）现在分词作宾语补足语，说明宾语是动作的发出者，形成逻辑上的主谓关系。如：Isawtheboy climbing thewall.（片 段） （7）过去分词作宾语补足语，表示宾语是动作的承受者，构成逻辑上的动宾关系。 如：Isawanoldman knockeddown byacarjustnow. （8）“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构通常在句中作时间、方式、条件、原因等状语。例如： 1、with+宾+形Helefttheroomwiththedoor open.方式 2、with+宾+副Withtheradio on,grandmasleptdeeplyinthechair.伴随 3、with+宾+过去分词Themanwsbroughtinwithhishands tied behindhisback.方式 4、with+宾+不定式Withthisbook tohelpyou,youcanfinishyourworkqickly.条件 5、with+宾+介词短语Themanleftthemeetingwithabook inhishand.伴随 6、with+宾+现在分词Shefellasleepwiththelightburning.伴随 宾语补足语练习题 1.Themanagerdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketosee thenextyear.(NMET2000) A.carryout B.carryingout C.carriedout D.tocarryout
英语语法 一、词类：英语的词通常分为十大类： 1、名词(n.)是人和事物的名称，如pen(钢笔)，English(英语)，life(生活)。 2、代词(pron.)是用来代替名词的词，如we(我们)，his(他的)，all(全部)。 3、形容词(adj.)用来修饰名词，如great(伟大的)，honest(诚实的)，difficult(困难的)。 4、数词(num.)是表示"多少"和"第几"的词，如four(四)，eighteen(十八)，first(第一)，eighth(十八)，hundred(一百)。 5、动词(v)表示动作和状态，如write(写)，walk(行走)，think(想)。 6、副词(adv.)是修饰动词、形容词和副词的词，如quickly(快)，often(经常)，very(很)。 7、冠词(art.)说明名词所指的人或物的词，如a，an(一个)，the(这，那)。 8、介词(prep.)表示名词(或代词)与句子里其它词的关系，如from(从)，in(在…内)，between(在…之间)。 9、连词(conj.)是连接词、短语、从句和句子的词，如and(和)，because(因为)，if(假如)。 10、感叹词(int.)表示感情，如。oh(噢)，aha(啊哈)，hush(嘘)。 [注一]属于前六类(名、代、形、数、动、副等词)的词都有实义，叫做实词(notional word)。属于后四类（冠、介、连、感等词）的词没有实义，叫做虚词(form word)。[注二]不少词可以属于几个词类，如work(工作；动词和名词)，fast(快；形容词和副词)，since(自从；连词和介词)等。 二、句子成分（主谓宾定状补） 1、主语 主语表示句子主要说明的人或事物，一般由名词，代词，数词，不定式等充当。He likes watch TV. 2、谓语 谓语说明主语的动作，状态或特征。 一般可分为两类： 1)，简单谓语 由动词(或短语动词)构成，可以有不同的时态，语态和语气。 He likes watch TV. 2)，复合谓语：情态动词/不定式 I can speak English. He asks me to write a letter. 3、表语 表语是谓语的一部分，它位于系动词如be之后，说明主语身份，特征，属性或状态。一般由名词，代词，形容词，副词，不定式，介词短语等充当。 I am a teacher.