1. 代词的分类
英语中的代词分为：人称代词、物主代词、自身代词、相互代词、指示代词、疑问代词、关系代词和不定代词。
2. 人称代词
表示人称范畴的代词称为人称代词。人称代词有：I, we, you, they, he, she, it, me, us, them, him, her。
1) 人称代词主格与宾格的选择
(1) 一般说来，人称代词作主语用主格，作宾语或介词宾语用宾格。
I don? want to put you to any trouble.
No one put us to any trouble.
We?re only too glad to be able to help a soul in need.
但在很多情况下因文体等原因常有不按上面规则使用的情况。
(2) 在简短对话中，当人称代词单独使用或在not 后，多用宾格。例如：
…Who is that?? … (It?s) me.? …Who said that?” …Not me.?
注：如果不用省略形式，be后也可用主格，但为正式用法，如It is I.／It was she.
(3) 在口语中，宾格形式有时用在带and的并列主语里。
Tom and me are going to buy a new house.
(4) 非正式文体中, I常用在并列宾语里。
This is the problem between you and I.
(5) as , than.之后既可以使用宾格形式也可以使用主格形式，主格形式更为正式。
You can do better than he/him.
He is not as intelligent as I/me.
若人称代词后面要跟动词，人称代词则只能用主格形式。
He is taller than I am. (He is taller than I/me.)
You can do better than she can.
(6) 在电话用语中常用主格。
— I wish to speak to Jack. 我想和杰克通话。
— This is he.我就是。
(7) 人称代词在分裂句中作中心成分时，常用主格，但在非正式语体中可以用宾格。
It was she/her who finally succeeded.
It was he/him who was responsible for the accident.
当人称代词在随后的从句中处于宾语地位时，则多用宾格。
It was her that I am taking care of.
It was him that I wanted to talk to.
(8) 当句子的主语是“everybody/ nobody + but/except +人称代词”的结构时，人称代词常用主格。因为but等虽是介词但人称代词处于主语的地位。
Nobody but she can solve this problem.
Everybody except he argued against our proposal.
但若介词词组“but/ except +人称代词”出现在句尾时，则人称代词用宾格。
Nobody can solve this problem but her.
Everybody argued against our proposal except him.
如果“everybody/ nobody + but/except +人称代词”的结构作句子的宾语，则人称代词只能用宾语。例如：
He has told everybody except her.
2) 关于人称代词的指代用法有以下几点值得注意：
(1) 人称代词通常指特定的人或物。但是某些人称代词也可泛指一般的人或物。we, you, he 可以用来泛指一般人；they 可以用来泛指某些人。例如：
We (you) should be more patient under such circumstances.在这样的情况下，大家应该耐心。
He who hesitates is lost.优柔寡断的人必会失去良机。
They can?t make decent pictures.现今拍不出像样的片子。
(2) 婴儿或未知性别的人可以用it来指代。
Who is it ? 是谁？
Look at that baby. It is so cute.
(3) 感叹句中用it指代人，表示亲密或鄙视等感情色彩。
What a smart girl it is! 表示亲密What a cruel man it is! 表示鄙视
(4) 动物名词的指代一般用it或they代替，有时也用he, she，但总是带有某种感情色彩。
Give the cat some food. He must be hungry.
(5) 指代车、船舶、月亮、国家等词语时，可用she等，但含有感情色彩。
How is your car? Dose she work well?
You can name the boat, and she will be yours.
China is one of the biggest countries in the world. She is steadily growing.
Look at the moon. She is so beautiful!
3) 并列人称代词的排列顺序
(1) 第一人称加第二、三人称时：you and he，you and I，he and I，You, he and I
(2) 第一人称+带后置定语的并列成分时：I and the girl sitting next to me were asked to clean the classroom.
(3) 在承认错误，承担责任或第一人称是长辈、上级时：
It was I and Mary messed it up. 是我和玛丽把事情弄糟了。
My child, I and you will do it together
(4) 复数人称代词作主语时：we, you and they
3.物主代词
1) 一般用法
传统上将物主代词分为形容词性（my, your, his, her, its our, their）和名词性（mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs）的。现在很多语法书把形容词性的物主代词归入限定词：
May I use your car? Mine was broken.
名词性的物主代词在用法上相当于省略了中心词的属格结构，能起名词的作用：
I will wash your coat first and mine later.（作宾语）
It?s your coat. That red one is mine.（作表语）
名词性物主代词还可以与of连用构成双重属格：
a friend of mine／the business of yours
2）其他用法
(1) His, Your, Her可以和Majesty, Honour ,等连用，表示尊称。直接称呼时用Your, 间接提及用His或Her：Your Majesty. 陛下／His Highness(= The Prince)／Her Majesty= (The Queen)
(2) my 用于感叹句时，表示惊奇，高兴，痛苦等含义：My! You made it!。
(3) Yours 常用在书信的末尾：Yours sincerely(英)或sincerely yours。
3）在“及物动词+宾语+身体部位／系动词+表语+身体部位／系动词+过去分词+身体部位”这样的结构中，the可以替代物主代词：He touched him on the head.／The little boy became red in the face.／He was wounded in the arm.
4. 自身代词
1) 以-self 或-selves结尾的代词称为自身代词。自身代词主要有两种作用，一是表示主语发出的动作及于自身，二是起强调的作用：
Take good care of yourself.
He himself is a teacher.
I am not myself today.我今天身体不适。
2) 自身代词不能单独作主语，但在and, or, nor连接的并列主语中，第二个主语可用自身代词，特别是myself：My father and myself saw it.
3) 有些动词在表达某个特定意义时必须带自身代词，如：absent, bathe, amuse, blame, dry, cut, enjoy, hurt, introduce, behave等：
We enjoyed ourselves very much tonight.
You …d better behave yourself.
4）在不强调的情况下，but, except, for等介词后宾语用自身代词或人称代词宾格均可：No one but myself (me) knows how to do it.
5）自身代词有成语性用法：to oneself（为自己所用），for oneself（替自己，为自己），of oneself（自动地，自愿的）：
I wished to have a room to myself.
You have to decide for yourself.
It will change of itself.
5. 相互代词
each other和one another两个词组表示相互关系，称为相互代词，常用做宾语，通常不用作主语。
People should love each other and help each other. 人们应当彼此相爱，彼此帮助。
这两个词都有所有格形式：They are looking into one another?s eyes.
6. 指示代词
1）指示代词指有指示意义的this，that，these，those等。指示代词既可起限定的作用（现归入限定词），也可起代词的作用：This girl is Jean(限定作用)，This is Jean. （代词作用）。
2) 使用指示代词时需注意的问题：
（1）指示代词作主语时既可指物也可指人，作其他句子成分时一般指物：
That is my brother. That is my book.
I love this. (* He is going to marry this，因为this作宾语时一般不能指人。)
（2）this 和that 可以表示程度（这时它是副词）：
I can?t tell that much.
She is not that foolish,
（3）that 和those 常指前面提到的东西，而this 和these 指下面谈到的事物：
You are too radical. That?s where you are wrong.
Those are the problems we are going to talk about.
I want to tell you this: You are an angel.
that 和those 有时用来表示前面提到的东西以避免重复这个名词。这时要注意两点：名词是单数可数时，用the one不用that；those 可以指人。例如：
The best tea is that from China.
These designs are much better than those you presented me last time.
This room is bigger than the one next door.
this 和these一般不这样用。
3) such
such 也可是指示代词：Such are the results.／The situation was not such as to cause dispute.
注：当such为限定词时，一般放在不定冠词之前，但位于some, any, no, every, all, many, few后。另外，一般也不说no such a thing
比较：some (all等)such students * some (all等) of such students
There is no such box. * There is none such box.
I have never read any such book. * I have never read any such a book.
7. 疑问代词
疑问代词指有疑问意义的代词，如who, whom, whose, what, which等。有的疑问代词起名词的作用，有的起限定作用（归为限定词）。在使用疑问代词时应注意以下问题。
1) whom 是who的宾格，作动词宾语或介词宾语，在口语中可用who代替，但在介词后只能用whom：
Whom/ Who are you looking for?
To whom did you speak this morning？
2) which 和what 所指的范围不同。what 是泛指的，而which 有所指范围：
Which books do you like best? 你喜欢哪几本书？
What books do you like best? 你喜欢什么样的书？
当它们作主语时，根据所指代的对象，后面动词可以用复数形式也可以用单数形式：
Who pay(s) for it?
What is(are) on today?s agenda?
3) 疑问代词还可引导名词性从句：
I have no idea what he is looking for.
Tell me which one is best.
8. 关系代词
关系代词用来引导定语从句，它一方面指代先行词，同时在从句中充当一定的句子成分：The girl to whom I spoke is one of my best friends.
关系代词有主格，宾格和属格之分，并有指人与指物之分。在限制性定语从句中，that 可指人也可指物：
主格who which that
宾格whom that that
属格whose of which / whose of which / whose
He is a man who / that means what he says.
The man whom you talked to is my boss.
The book which / that you are reading is also my favorite.
This is the pencil whose point is broken.
He is my Chinese teacher whose son is my roommate.
定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。在非限制定语从句中，只能用who （whom）来表示人，用which表示事物，不能用that。which的先行词可以是一个句子：He said he saw me there, which was a lie.
As 也可以作关系代词，主要用在such … as这样的结构中：
Such story as you told can?t be true.
He is not such a fool as he looks.
9. 不定代词
不定代词所指代的对象不明确，如all , both, every, each, either, neither, little, few, much, many, another, other, some, any , one, no, none。some, any, 以及与one, body, thing构成的合成代词something, anything, everything, somebody, someone, anybody, anyone, nothing , nobody, , everybody, everyone。
传统上不管这类词起指代名词的作用还是限定名词的作用，一律称为不定代词，现在，起指代名词作用时称为不定代词，起限定作用时称为限定词。下面就一些不定代词的用法作一些说明。
All：指三者以上，可指代或限定可数名词和不可数名词：
All of the goods are imported from Japan._
This is good for all of us
All students have gathered together.
We all agreed to start early.
all 通常不与可数名词单数连用，如：不说all the book，而说the whole book。但all可与表时间的可数名词单数连用，如all day，all night，all the year。习惯上不说all hour，all century。all还可以与一些特殊的单数名词连用，如all America，all the city，all my life，all the way,
both：指两者，与复数名词连用，但both… and…可与单数名词连用,有时还可连接两个动词：Both the suggestions make good sense.
Both of the girls are college students.
She both listened and made note.
either 指两者中任何一个（都），后跟单数动词：
Either one of the pens will do.
Either (of the answers) is right.
neither 指两者（都不），作定语时与单数名词连用，但neither…nor用作并列连词，也可与复数名词连用：
Neither film is dull.
Neither he nor his brothers are proud of their father.
在有两个并列单位的句子中，前句是否定句时主句用neither不用nor，如后面有几个否定句时则用nor不用neither：
If you don't give up，neither should I.如果你不放弃，我也不放弃。
He can't sing，nor dance，nor skate.
each：指每一个
Each of them holds different opinions.
Each hour and each minute has its value.
every与each：every 指三个以上的人或物(含三个)，each指两个以上的人或物(含两个)，each更强调个体概念：
Every worker in this factory works hard.这个工厂里的工作都很努力。
Each worker has a handbook.每个工人都有一本手册。
every 只起限定作用，each可起限定或代替名词的作用。every 有反复重复的意思，如every two weeks等；each没有。
one：作代词时代替上文刚提到的人或物以避免重复：
…Which is your car?? …The red one.?
当one受形容词修饰时，前面可用不定冠词，否则不能：
I am looking for a house. I?d like a big o ne with a swimming pool.（不能说I …d like a one with
a swimming pool.）
one有复数形式ones：I don?t like red apples. I like green ones.
注意：one 或ones 不能代替不可数名词，也不常代替抽象名词。one 或ones 也不能用在带?s名词所有格后面：
My dress is smaller than my sister?s.
* My dress is smaller than m y sister?s one.
one 和it：one表示泛指，it 表示特指。it 与所指名词为同一个对象：
…May I use your pen?? …Sorry, I haven?t got one.?（不能说：Sorry, I haven?t got it.?）
I can?t find my watch. I don?t know where I put it. I think I need to buy a new one. other与another：other指“另外”，another 指“另一个”。other 有复数形式others，特指时要加定冠词：
Where are the other students?
Give me another key. This one doesn?t work.
Others may bring you some troubles.（泛指）
Some players are from America, the others from China.（特指）
Another还有“又一，再一”的意思：
Have another cake, please.
Where shall we be in another ten years?
no与none：
no意为“没有”，常用作定语，后面跟单数或复数名词：No comment！／No two men think alike. 有时可以做副词：His situation is no better than yours.
有限定词修饰的名词或代词时，要用none of结构：
None of this money is his.
None of them knows how to fix it.
no one和none：
no one 的意思相当于nobody，后面不能用of 这个介词：No one cared about him.（不可说No one of his friends cared about him。）
None 相当于not a single one。None如not any, not one（语气更强）一样，后面可以接of：None of his friends cared for him.
Some与any：some 和any 表示不确定的数量或数目，可与复数名词及不可数名词连用：I need some help./There are some strangers wandering around./Is there anything wrong? 当some做"某一"解时，可与单数名词连用：I will be back some day.
some可与数词连用，表示“大约”：Some thirty years ago he abandoned his wife and children. some 多用于肯定句，any多用于否定、疑问或条件从句。但在以下几种情况下，some可用于疑问句、条件句或否定句：
①表委婉请求或建议：Would you like some coffee?
②在条件状语从句中表示确定的意义：If you need some help，you may call him.
③some修饰或作主语：Some children do not know how to communicate with other people.
④当否定的是整体中的部分时：I haven't heard from some of my old friends these years. Anyone 与any one: anyone一般指人；any one指“每个”，既可指人，也可指物，后面一般要接of 短语。（someone与some one, everyone与every one 均属此类）：Anyone can understand it
Any one of us can understand it.
Any one of the books is newly bought.
many, much, little , few：作定语时，few 或a few后面跟可数名词, little或a little后面跟不可数名词；a few / a little 为肯定含义，意为“有一些”、“有一点”few / little为否定含义，意为“没有多少”。Many, much意为"许多"，作定语时many后跟可数名词，much后跟不可数名词：How many people are there at the meeting?／I haven?t got much time.
在限定词之前，通常用much of 或many of：I d on?t know much of his friends／You have missed too many of your lessons。当没有别的限定词时，一般不用of。但也有例外，如在人名和地名之前：I have seen too much of Mike these days.
代词详解+例句 一、单项选择代词 1．_______ in the regulations that you shouldn’t tell other people the password of your e-mail account. A．As is required B．It is required C．It requires D．What is required 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 考查主语从句。句意：根据规定，你不应该告诉别人你电子邮件账户的密码。固定句式：It is required that---“据要求，根据规定”，it在句中作形式主语，真正的主语是后面that引导的主语从句。故选B。 2．----Which of these resorts do you like best? ----______. They are both hot and crowded. A．Either B．Nothing C．Neither D．None 【答案】D 【解析】 考查情景交际和不定代词。“这些旅游胜地你最喜欢哪个？”“一个也不喜欢。他们既炎热又拥挤。”答语中的both ...and修饰的是hot和crowded，不要误以为是两者。根据问句中的these可知，是三者以上，排除A、C；nothing“什么也没有”；none“一个也没有”。故选D。 3．----Will $ 1,000 _______ the cost of the trip? ----I’m afraid not. Perhaps I need _______ $500. A．pay; another B．charge; more C．cover; another D．afford; more 【答案】C 【解析】 句意“1000美元够旅行的费用吗？”“恐怕不够，也许还需要500美元。”charge“收费”；cover“包括”；afford“买得起”。根据句意可知，用cover；在原来的基础上再多一些用“another+数词”或“数词+more”表示，这里用another。故选C。 4．The restaurant is full, so we have to look for ______ one. A．other B．the other C．the second D．another 【答案】D 【解析】 试题分析：句意：这个饭店满了，我们得再找一家。A. other其他的；B. the other二者中的另一个；C. the second第二个；D. another三者以上的另一个。故选D。
不定代词专项练习不定代词：代替或修饰不特指的人或事物的代词叫不定代词。单数 含义 some any no none / / each (every) one either, neither so the other, another 复合不 定代词 不可数含义much little, a little all / / / / / 复数含义many few, a few ones both others, the others ※注：复合不定代词有12个：something(某事), someone(某人), somebody(某人), anything(任何事), anyone(任何人), anybody(任何人), nothing(没事),nobody(没有人), no one(没有人), everything(一切), everyone(每个人), everybody(每个人). (1)some和 any 的用法： some一般用于肯定句中,意思是“几个”、“一些”、“某个”作定语时可修饰可数名词或不可 数名词。如：I have some work to do today. (今天我有些事情要做) They will go there some day.(他们有朝一日会去那儿) some用于疑问句时,表示建议、请求或希望得到肯定回答。 如：Would you like some coffee with sugar?(你要加糖的咖啡吗？) any 一般用于疑问句或否定句中,意思是“任何一些”、“任何一个”,作定语时可修饰可数或 不可数名词。 如：They didn’t have any friends here. (他们在这里没有朋友) Have you got any questions to ask?(你有问题要问吗？) any用于肯定句时,意思是“任何的”。Come here with any friend.(随便带什么朋友来吧。) (2)no和none的用法： no是形容词,只能作定语表示,意思是“没有”,修饰可数名词(单数或复数)或不可数名词。 如：There is no time left. Please hurry up.(没有时间了,请快点) They had no reading books to lend.(他们没有阅读用书可以出借) none只能独立使用,在句子中可作主语、宾语和表语,意思是“没有一个人(或事物)”,表示 复数或单数。 如：None of them is/are in the classroom.(他们当中没有一个在教室里) I have many books, but none is interesting.(我有很多的书,但没有一本是有趣的) (3)all和both的用法： all指三者或三者以上的人或物,用来代替或修饰可数名词；也可用来代替或修饰不可数名词。both指两个人或物,用来代替或修饰可数名词。 如：I know all of the four British students in their school.(他们学校里四个 英国学生我全认识) --Would you like this one or that one? –Both.(你要这个还是那个？两个都要。) all和both既可以修饰名词(all/both+(the)+名词),也可以独立使用,采用“all/both + of the +名词(复数)”的形式,其中的of可以省略。 如：All (of) (the) boys are naughty.(是男孩都调皮) (4)every和each用法： every是形容词,只能作定语修饰单数名词,意思是“每一个”,表示整体概念；
A . Neither 【答案】C B . None C. Any D . Either 【解析】 考查代词：A . Neither 两者都不，B . None 三者以上都不，C. Any 三者任何一个, D . Either 两者任何一个，从后面的 all 看出路是三条以上，句意是: 子？-你喜欢走哪条就走哪条，距离上都是一样的。选 --你想走哪条路去村 Co 4. ----Which of these resorts do you like best? —— ____ . They are both hot and crowded. A . Either B . Nothing C. Neither 【答案】D D . None 【解析】 考查情景交际和不定代词。 这些旅游胜地你最喜欢哪个？ ” 一个也不喜欢。他们既炎热又 拥挤。"答语中的both ...and 修饰的是hot 和crowded ，不要误以为是两者。根据问句中的 these 可知，是三者以上，排除 A 、C ； nothing 什么也没有”；none 一个也没有”。故选 Do 5. - Which of the two drivers is to blame for the accident? .It ' s the cyclist 's fault. 代词详解+例句 一、单项选择代词 1. — Have Max and Tina sold out all the En glish dict ion aries? —Yes, comp letely. _____ is left. A. None C. No one 【答案】A 【解析】 考查代词及状语从句。句中 it 作形式宾语，真正宾语为 to leave things where you can find them easily ; where 引导地点状语从句，选 3. -Which of the ways should I take to the village? -.way as you pl ease. All seem to be equal in dista nee . B . Nothing D . Neither who 。 none 具体指什么 考查代词。no one 只能指人，但不具体指什么人，一般用来回答 how many 。句意：卖完所有的英语字典了吗？是的，全部卖完了, 人或物，一般用来回答 没有一本剩下来。故选 A 。 2. You should make a rule to leave things you can find them easily. A . it; where 【答案】A B . it; then C. that; there D . this; when A 。
一、不定代词概说 英语的不定代词有all, each, both, either, neither, one, none, little, many, much,ot her, another, some, any, no, (a) few, (a) little, both, every 等，以及由some,any, no 和every 构成的合成代词(即somebody, anyone, nothing 等)。在这些不定代词中，多数都能作主语、宾语、表语或定语，但是代词none 以及由some,any, no 和every 构成的合成代词只能作主语、宾语或表语，不能作定语,而no和every 则只用作定语。 二、指两者和三者的不定代词 有些不定代词用于指两者(如both, either, neither)，有的不定代词用于指三者(如all, any, none, every)，注意不要弄混： Both of my parents are doctors. 我的父母都是医生。 All of the students are interested in it. 所有的学生对此都很感兴趣。 There are trees on any side of the square. 广场的每一边都种有树。 He has two sons, neither of whom is rich. 他有两个儿子，都不富有。 He has three sons, none of whom is rich. 他有三个儿子，都不富有。 注：both可加of，也可单独使用,或加名词（both +名词复数或+of，） neither/either+of+名词复数、代词,either/neither单独用时“也不” 【说明】each 可用于两者、三者或三者以上，而every 只用于三者或三者以上， 因此用于两者时只能用each，不能用every。如不能说There are trees on every s ide of the road. 三、复合不定代词的用法特点
【英语】代词详解+例句 一、单项选择代词 1．If I have ever feared death before, it was ______ compared to how I felt as the roller coaster that moved faster and faster. A．anything B．something C．nothing D．everything 【答案】C 【解析】 考查代词。A. anything任何事；B. something某事；C. nothing无事；D. everything每件事，一切。句意：如果我以前曾经害怕过死亡，那没有什么能与我的感觉相比，我感觉就像过山车一样，移动得越来越快。此处指没有什么能比，故选C. 2．---- “Lady GaGa” is a real legend! ---- Absolutely. She is a big hit in the sales of her albums. In addition, _______ of the singers around the world can match her in unique taste in haircuts and clothes. A．nothing B．none C．nobody D．no one 【答案】B 【解析】 世界上所有的歌手在发型和穿着的独特品位上不能与她相比，none三者以上都不，nothing常回答what ,nobody no one常回答who。 3．--Do you know the 3G mobile phone will come into the market soon? --Really? It is said to be sup erior ____any other model. I can’t wait to buy ____. A．to ; one B．than; one C．to ; it D．than; it 【答案】A 【解析】 短语搭配be superior to 比…高级；one相当于a phone。“你知道吗3G手机很快会进入市场”“真的吗？据说比其他类型的手机高级我迫不及待的想买一部”。选A 4．----Which of these resorts do you like best? ----______. They are both hot and crowded. A．Either B．Nothing C．Neither D．None 【答案】D 【解析】 考查情景交际和不定代词。“这些旅游胜地你最喜欢哪个？”“一个也不喜欢。他们既炎热又拥挤。”答语中的both ...and修饰的是hot和crowded，不要误以为是两者。根据问句中的these可知，是三者以上，排除A、C；nothing“什么也没有”；none“一个也没有”。故选D。 5．----Will $ 1,000 _______ the cost of the trip?
不定代词专项练习 1．He can't hear you, because there is ____ noise here A．very much B．too much C．much too D．so many 2．____ name is Han Meimai. A．Herself B．Hers C．She D．Her 3．All of us were invited, but ____ of us came A．neither B．none C．both 4．The weather in Shanghai is different from ____ A．Baotou B．Baotou weather C．that in Baotou D．those of Baotou 5．There isn't ____ water in the cup. A．any B．many C．some D．the 6．----Is this ____ pen? ----No, ____ is on my desk. A．your; my B．yours; my C．your; mine D．yours; mine 7．The bottle is empty. There is ____ in it. A．anything B．something C．nothing 8．----Look! We have ____ sugar. ----Really? Let's go and buy some. A．few B．a few C．little D．a little 9．There isn't ____ milk in the fridge. You'd better buy some. A．no B．any C．some 10．----“There isn't ____ water here. Could you get ____ for me?” ----“All ringht.” A．some; some B．any; any C．some; any D．any; some 11．Today, ____ trees are still being cut down somewhere in the world. A．much too B．too much C．many too D．too many 12．There are lots of English books here, and ____ of them is easy to understand. A．both B．all C．every D．each 13．Is the shirt on the bed ____ ? A．yours B．your C．you 14．Mr Green taught ____ English last year. A．our B．we C．us 15．These sweaters are too small for me. Please show me ____ one. A．other B．others C．the others D．another 16．Mary can't go with us. ____ has to look after ____ mother at home. A．She; his B．She; her C．He; her D．He; His 17．There isn't ____ paper in the box. Will you go and get ____ for me? A．any; some B．any; any C．some; some D．some; any 18．I often help ____ . A．he or she B．his and her C．him and her D．his and hers 19．There are some trees on ____ side of the street. A．both B．all C．either D．every 20．“Which of the two dictionaries do you like better?”“I like ____ , because they're not useful.” A．both B．either C．all D．neither
代词（一） He teaches ______ （we） Chinese . 2.三种人称代词并列时,顺序为: 单数:二,三,一 (You, she and I ) 复数:一,二,三(we , you and they ) 注:若把责任担,第一人称最当先,（即若做错事时,把第一人称放在最前面.） She and I have been to Beijing . Who broke the window ? I and Mike . 注：it 还有一些特别的用法。 1)用作形式主语,常用于“It's +adj +to do sth”句型中. 2)用在句型: “It seems that …” 中. 3)用在句型: “It's one's turn to do sth” 中. 4)用在句型: “It's time to do sth / for sth” 中. 5)用在句型: “It's +adj +that 从句”中. . 2. 名词性的物主代词，后面不能加名词。名词性的物主代词常与of 连用。 Our classroom is as big as ______ （they） . This is a friend of ______ （my）. 注: 1）名词性的物主代词相当于形容词性的物主代词加一个名词. （名词性的物主代词=形容词性的物主代词+ 名词） 2）形容词性的物主代词与own 连用时,后面可跟名词也可不跟名词. My own house = a house of my own 记忆小窍门: 反身代词有规律,第三人称宾格加self.其余都要物主加self,复数ves来把f替. 反身代词的常用搭配: enjoy oneself hurt oneself teach oneself = learn by oneslf all by oneself help oneself to … look after oneself leave sb by oneself lose oneself in say to oneself for oneself dress oneself improve oneself see oneself in the mirror 四.指示代词
最新代词详解+例句 一、单项选择代词 1．Of those who are married,in more than 80 percent of cases,the wives' education background is equal or higher than of their husbands. A．it B．one C．that D．the one 【答案】C 【解析】 考查代词。句意：在已婚者中，80%以上的妻子受教育程度等于或高于丈夫。此处是代词that代替“education background”，that代指同类但不是同一个的事物，即同类异物。it是替代前面提到的同一事物。one是泛指，代替单数可数名词；the one是替代与前面提到的事物同一类的事物，代替单数可数名词，education background 是抽象名词，不能用the one 替代。故选C。 2．—Is your neighbor Mr. King a man with good manners? —Actually, he is ________ but polite. And nobody likes to talk to him. A．nothing B．something C．everything D．anything 【答案】D 【解析】 本题考查短语辨析。nothing but 只不过，只有；anything but：根本不是.... 决不...，没有everything but；something but用法。句意：——你的邻居Mr. King是一个有礼貌的人吗？——事实上，他根本不礼貌，没人喜欢同他说话. 3．The manager was very angry, for he had sent his business partner two thousand machines yesterday, half of _________ unqualified. A．them B．what C．which D．whom 【答案】A 【解析】 本题考查独立主格结构。句意：经理很生气，因为昨天他给他的生意伙伴寄去了2000台机器，其中一半不合格。题中的unqualified为形容词。此题容易误选C。C项前缺少谓语动词。 4．—There is still a copy of the book in the library．Will you go and borrow _____? —No．I’d rather buy ______ in the bookstore． A．one; one B．one; it C．it; one D．it; it 【答案】C 【解析】 指代物体时，one指代同名异物，it指代同名同物，根据题意选C。你要去买它吗？- 不，我宁愿去书店买一个。
8.1.1不定代词的专项习题 不指明代替任何特定名词或形容词的代词叫不定代词。常见不定代词如下所示： 1.some和any既可以修饰可数名词又可以修饰不可数名词，some常用在肯定句中，而any则常用在否定和疑问句中。因此 some和any 的用法主要是考虑用在肯定句、疑问句还是否定句中，与名词的可数与否无关。在表示建议，反问，请求的疑问句中，或期望得到肯定回答时，多用some而不用any。 Would you like some tea? 2.many和much，均表示“很多”。但many只替代或修饰可数名词，而much只替代或修饰不可数名词。 3.few 和a few 是一对反义词，代替或修饰可数名词复数；little 和a little 也是一对反义词，代替或修饰不可数名词。few和little的意思是“很少”；“几乎没有”，侧重“否定”的含义；a few 和a little的意思是“有一些”，侧重“肯定”。 Don’t worry.There is a little time to go.----We took quite a few photos there. Few people know what happened.----There is now little hope of success. 4.由some, any, no, every构成的复合不定代词作主语时，都作单数看待，其谓语动词用单数第三人称形式。例如：Everyone wants to win. 5.除no one以外，其他复合不定代词都写成一个词。 6.不定代词若有定语修饰，该定语要置于其后。例如：
代词it的常考点 考点1.it作形式主语或宾语, 代指后面的不定式或动名词或句子 1.【2010全国2】The doctor thought _____ would be good for you to have a holiday. A. this B. that C. one D. it 2.【2007全国II】_____ felt funny watching myself on TV. A. One B. This C. It D. That 3.【2012 陕西】No matter where he is, he makes _____ a rule to go for a walk before breakfast. A. him B this C. that D. it 4.Why don’t you bring _____ to his attention that now students are bearing too heavy learning load? A. it B. this C. that D. what 5.You may depend on _____ that he will turn up in time. A. it B. me C. which D. them 6.Will you see to _____ that the luggage is brought back? A. me B. yourself C. it D. them 7.【2011山东】The two girls are so alike that strangers find ___ difficult to tell one from the other. A. it B. them C. her D. that 8.—I don’t know whether I should go abroad or not, Mum. — I leave _____ to your own judgment whether you should do it. A. that B. it C. this D. what 考点2.用于表达天气、环境、时间、距离、季节等 ①It’s half an hour’s walk from here to our school. (指距离) ②It’s nice and warm here. （指天气、气候） ③But it’s two o’clock now, and it’s time for us to go to school. （指时间） 9.They live on a busy main road. _____ must be very noisy. A. There B. It C. That D. They 考点3.不知性别,是婴儿常用it 10.Mary is expecting another baby and hopes _____ will be a boy. A. he B. that C. it D. there 考点4.it 用以指身份不明的人 it用以指身份不明的人。若指身份明确的人，则不宜用it。试比较： ①Mr. Smith is at the door. He wants to see you. ②Someone is at the door. It must be Mr. Smith.
it和that作指示代词时区别八 that 是不同地方的it 是相同地方的例:beijing'weather is more cold than that in shanghai 你看北京和上海是两个不同的城市所以用that 再举一个例子today'weather is more cold than it yesterday 因为是同一个地方的两天的天气所以用it that就是引导宾语从句的先行词 this”、“that”既可以作形容词，又可以作指示代词；而“it”只能作代词。one可用数词又可作代词. 指“物” 1.“this”指近物，“that”指远物，“it”没有远近之分。如：This is a computer. 这是一台电脑。（在近处） That is a bike. 那是一辆自行车。（在远处） 2.在回答“this”和“that”作主语的疑问句时，常用“it”代替
“this”和“that”。如： －Is this/that a car? 这/那是一辆小汽车吗？ －Yes, it is./No, it isn′t. 是的，它是。/不，它不是。 －What′s this/that? 这/那是什么？ －It′s a ruler. 这/那是一把尺子。 3.陈述在一起的两样东西时，应先说“this”，后说“that”。如： This is a book. That is a pen. 这是一本书，那是一枝钢笔。 4.one与it的区别 one指代上文提到过的同类事物中的一个，但不是上文提到的那一个事物。如果指同类事物中的一些，要用ones。如： This apple is small. Please give me a big one. 这个苹果小，请给我一个大的。 These books are mine. Those ones are Lily's. 这些书是我的，那些书是莉莉的。 it指代前文中提到过的那一个事物。如： My bike is very old,but I like it very much.
【精品】代词详解+例句 一、单项选择代词 1．A child should be receiving either meat or eggs daily, preferably ______. A．neither B．none C．either D．both 【答案】D 【解析】 考查代词。句意：孩子应该每日食用肉类或蛋类，最好两种都吃。A. neither两个都不；B. none没有人；一个也没有；没有任何东西；C. either两个中任意一个；D. both两个都。根据语境判断是“两者都”，故选D。 2．----Which of these resorts do you like best? ----______. They are both hot and crowded. A．Either B．Nothing C．Neither D．None 【答案】D 【解析】 考查情景交际和不定代词。“这些旅游胜地你最喜欢哪个？”“一个也不喜欢。他们既炎热又拥挤。”答语中的both ...and修饰的是hot和crowded，不要误以为是两者。根据问句中的these可知，是三者以上，排除A、C；nothin g“什么也没有”；none“一个也没有”。故选D。 3．Jack Ma, the founder and chairman of China’s Alibaba Group, has a $28.6 billion fortune, ______making him the richest person in China. A．it B．one C．that D．which 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 试题分析：考查代词。句意：中国阿里巴巴集团创始人兼董事长马云拥有286亿美元的财富，这使他成为中国首富。分析句子结构可知，此处用one代替前面的a $28.6 billion fortune，实际上是它的同位语，后面的making him the richest person in China.是现在分词作后置定语修饰one，注意此处不是非限定性定语从句，如果是非限定定语从句的话应该用makes而不是making，所以不能选which，故选B。 考点：考查代词 4．Everyone may depend on ______ won’t happen again with these reassuring measures. A．it that it B．that it C．that D．it 【答案】A 【解析】 试题分析：句意：每个人都可以相信，有了这些可靠的措施这种事不会再发生了。句中第
关于it作人称代词的用法: 1. 用于指事物 it用作人称代词最基本的用法就是代替前面已提到过的事物，以避免重复： This is my watch, it’s a Swiss one. 这是我的手表，它是瑞士制的。 I cannot find my watch; I must have lost it. 我找不到手表，我一定把它给丢了。 2. 用于指动物或婴儿 除用于指代事物外，还可指动物或性别不详的婴儿： “Where is the cat?” “It’s under the bed.” “猫在哪儿?”“在床下。” They got a baby and it was very lovely. 他们生了个孩子，很可爱。 3. 用于上文提到的情况 He smokes in bed and I don’t like it. 他在床上抽烟，我不喜欢他这样。 Her mother kept telling her not to go out at night, but it didn’t help. 她母亲老叫她晚上不要出去，但是没用。 4. 用于指人 it用于指人主要用确定未知人的身份： “Who is it?” “It’s me.” “是谁啊?”“是我。” “Listen. Someone is crying.” “Oh, it must be Mary.” “听，有人在哭。”“噢，一定是玛丽。” Someone must have been here. But we have no idea who it was. 一定有人来过，但我们不知道是谁。 5. 指人时与he和she的区别 当it用于指人时，主要用于确定未知的或者是身份不明的人，若是指已知的或身份明确的人，则应根据情况使用he或she。比较： I hear a knock at the door. It must be the postman. 我听见有人在敲门，一定是邮递员来了。 Jim is at the door. He wants to see you. 吉姆在门口，他想见你。 A tall man stood up and shook hands with her. It was the general manager. 一个高个子站起来同她握了手，他是总经理。
代词及It用法 代词是代替名词的词，英语中代词有人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、相互代词、指示代词、不定代词、疑问代词、连接代词和关系代词等九种。 一、人称代词： (一)概述 表示“我(们)”、“你(们)”、“他/她/它(们)”等的词叫人称代词，它有人称、数和格的变化，其形式列 (二)人称代词的句法功能： 人称代词在句中的功能是通过“格”表现出来的，不同的格表明人称代词在句中有不同的句法功能。如： 1、主格形式作主语和表语。 He was late yesterday.昨天他迟到了。 They went to the cinema together.他们一起去看电影去了。 She and I are very good friends.我和她是很要好的朋友。 ---Is that Mr. Smith? 是史密斯先生吗？ ---Yes, this is he.(电话用语) 是的。 It might have been she.那或许是她。 【注】①在非正式英语，尤其是口语中，人称代词作be的表语时，通常可用其宾格形式代替主格。如：---Who is it? 谁呀？ ---It’s me.是我。 ②to be + 人称代词作主语的补足语时，人称代词用主格，作宾语的补足语时用宾格。如： I was thought to be she.人们认为我是她。= They thought me to be her. 2、宾格形式作宾语(动词的宾语或介词的宾语)。 I bought a present for them. = I bought them a present.我给他们买了件礼物。 Mind you, this is just you and me.听着，这事只能你知我知，绝不可外传。 3、在比较状语从句中，在不引起误解的前提下，有时用宾格代替主格(尤其其后有同位语“all”时)。 He is taller than I (或me).他比我高。 He is taller than us all.他比我们都高。 【注】若可能引起误解，就不能用宾格代替主格。如： He loves you more than I.他爱你胜过我爱你。 He loves you mare than me.他爱你胜过爱我。 4、用来表示感叹时，常用宾格形式。 Dear me! 哎呀/天哪! = Goodness me! (三)代词排列次序(1—每一人称；2—第二人称；3—第三人称) 1、单数：通常按2,3,1或是3,2,1人称排列。如： Mary and I are classmates. You, he and I are good friends. 2、复数：通常按1,2,3人称排列。如： We, you and they have been invited to the party. Both we and they happened to be there. 3、第三人称男女两性并用时，男先女后。如： He and she still don’t quite agree to this plan.
代词it, one, that和those用法说明 为了避免重复出现前面已经出现的名词，常用it, one, that, those来替代。这几个替代词是高考中的一个常考点。现将各个替代词的用法归纳如下： 用法说明一： it和that都替代“the+单数名词(可数或不可数)”，都是特指，都可替代可数和不可数名词，但it指前面提到的“同一”事物，而that是指前面提到的“同类”事物。如：My father bought me a pen and I like it very much. 我父亲给我买了一支钢笔，我非常喜欢它。(it替代the pen，指前面提到的父亲给我买的那支钢笔) This dictionary is more useful than that (=the one)I bought yesterday. 这本词典比我昨天买的更有用。(that替代the dictionary，与前面的this dictionary 是同类) 用法说明二： one替代“a＋单数可数名词”，表示泛指；其复数形式ones替代泛指的复数名词。特指的the one相当于that，替代“the+单数名词”；the one的复数形式the ones，替代“the+复数名词”，在口语中也常用those代替。当后面有of短语时，多用that或those；当有前置修饰语时，只能用one(s)。另外，one(s), the one(s), those都只能替代可数名词。如： Radios are useful for me to learn English. I’d like to buy one .收音机对我学英语很有用，我想买一台。(one替代a radio，是泛指收音机这类东西中的一台) We still have shortcomings，and they are very big ones too. 我们还有缺点，而且是很大的缺点。(ones替代shortcomings) We kept seats for those who might arrive late. 我们给可能来晚的人留了座位。(those=the ones替代the persons) Waves of red light are about twice as long as those of blue light. 红色光线的波长约为蓝色波长的两倍。(those替代the waves) The population of Scotland was eight times as large as that of Cornwall. 苏格兰的人口是康沃尔人口的八倍。(that替代不可数名词the population，不能用the one) Correct the mistakes in the following sentences: 1. --- Do you haven’t an English-Chinese dictionary? --- Yes, I have it. 2. The language used in advertisements differs from one used in ordinary readings. 3. The colour of his jacket is better than mine. 4. --- Does she have a bike? --- Yes, she has a one. 5. --- I saw only one motorcar in that shop. Will you go and buy one? --- No, I would rather find it in other shops. Keys: 1 it--- one 2 one --- that 3 mine--- that of mine 4 删a 5 one--- it Multiple choice 1. --- There must be a dozen pens in the house but I can never find _______ when I need ______. --- Keep looking. ______ is sure to turn up. A. one; one; One B. it; one; It C. one; it; This D. a one; one; The one 2. --- Can I help you? --- I’d like to buy a present for my father’s birthday, _______ at a proper price, but of great use. A. that B. one C. any one D. the one 3. Maybe it is true that we do not know what we have got until we lose ______ . A. one B. that C. it D. the one 4. The environment in this faraway town is as pleasant as ________ in the coastal city. A. one B. it C. them D. that 5. The best job is _______ which uses your skill in doing something together with your interest in the subject. A. that B. the one C. one D. it 6. --- What do you think of the furniture on exhibition? --- W ell, great! But I don’t think much of ________ you bought. A. the one B. it C. that D. which 7. A cake made of wheat costs less than ________ made of rice. A. one B. that C. a one D. the one 8. As they are retired, they prefer to buy a house in the country to spend their late years to _____ in a large city. A. one B. that C. the one D. it