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定语从句与十一种句型易混辨析鲁山一高徐焕焕一．定语从句与并列句① He has many friends, none of whom say he is greedy.② He has many friends, but none of them say he is greedy.定语从句与主句之间是一种主从关系，需关系词将两者连接，如句①，故填whom ；并列句是由并列连词等连接起来的句子，此时不再需要关系词了，如句②，故填代词them.二．定语从句与强调句①It was in Wuhan that Jill met the girl and adopted her.②It was in Wuhan where Jill met the girl and adopted her.强调句型的结构式: “ It is／was＋被强调部分＋that 从句”判断是不是强调句标准是：先把It is／was… that去掉，剩下的句子如果仍然成立，则为强调句型，如句①，故填that，否则为定语从句，如句②，故填where.三．定语从句与强调句在特定语境中的区分----Where did you meet him?-----It was in the factory B he worked.A. thatB. where从语法结构上分析，A 、B两个选项都合适，填 A ，是强调句型，填 B ，是定语从句；但是结合语境，填A句意为“他是在这个工厂工作的，”答非所问，而填B句意为“是在他工作的工厂里，”符合语境，故正确答案只能是B.四．定语从句与结果状语从句① I want to have the same dictionary as he has.② She is such a kind teacher that all of us respect her.如果as, that在引导的从句中充当一定成分，则它们引导的是定语从句，如句①, 故填as ；相反，如果它们只起连接作用，则它们引导的是结果状语从句，如句②，故填that.五．定语从句与地点状语从句①We should go to the place where／in which we are needed most.②We should go where we are needed most.where引导定语从句，其前一定要有表地点的先行词，而且可以用“介词＋which”替代where ，如句①, “place”做先行词，故填where／in which ；而地点状语从句前无先行词，只能用where引导地点状语从句，如句②，故填where.六．定语从句与固定句型①It was the time when the two countries were at war.②It was the first time that she had ever left her motherland.句①中time是先行词，其后是when引导的定语从句；句②是固定句型：It ＋is／was＋序数词＋time＋that从句.七．定语从句与两个简单句①I found a note on the table, which read: “I’ve left for Harbin.”②I found a note on the table. It read: “I’ve left for Harbin.”含有定语从句的复合句，有主句，有从句，即定语从句，必须要有关系词，如句①；而两个简单句是两个独立的完整的句子，不需要关系词，如句②。
定语从句与其他句型的比较一、定语从句和同位语从句的区别1、从意义上讲，定语从句的作用相当于一个形容词，是用来修饰前面的名词或代词的；同位语从句的作用相当于一个名词，是对前面的名词作进一步解释的。
例如：We heard the news that he had told her. 我们听到他对她说的消息。
（定语从句）We heard the news that he had won the game. 我们听到消息他赢得了比赛。
（同位语从句）2、引导定语从句的关联词在从句中作宾语可以省略或被其他词代替；而同位语从句的引导词一般不能省略，更不能被代替。
例如：1. The news (that) she heard is true. 她听到的消息是真的。
2. The news that she will go abroad is true. 她将出国这消息是真的。
3、引导词的区别：由how、whether、if、what可以引导的同位语从句，不可以引导定语从句1) The question whether we need it has not been considered.2) I have no idea what have happened to him.3、由when, why, where引导的定语从句分别修饰或说明表示时间、原因或地点的词，但它们引导的同位语从句一般不和表示时间或地点的词同位。
例如：1. I still remember the day when I first came to Beijing.2. I have no idea when she will be back.3. This is the house where I lived two years ago.4. The question where we shall have a meeting hasn't decided.例1、3中的when和where引导的是定语从句，day 和house 分别表示时间和地点；例2、4中的when 和where引导的是同位语从句。
定语从句与其他从句的易混点定语从句作为高考常考的一个重要语法，我们知道它是由一个从句修饰或限定前面的一个先行词。
然而在形式上它与其他一些从句有极其相似的地方，能够理清定语从句与其句子的区别和易混点极为重要。
易混点一定语从句和并列句定语从句与并列句的主要区别：句中若有and，but，so等并列连词或分号则为并列句，此时不需要再填引导词。
[例1]She has written many novels，some of ________ are interesting.[分析]which which引导定语从句，修饰先行词novels，“some of which”在从句中作主语。
[例2]She has written many novels，and some of ________ are interesting.[分析]them此句为and引导的并列句。
易混点二定语从句和地点状语从句定语从句与地点状语从句的主要区别：定语从句有表示地点的先行词，而地点状语从句则没有；定语从句修饰的是先行词，状语从句修饰的是谓语动词。
[例1]We young people should go to the place ________ is in need of help.[分析]which/that关系代词which/that引导定语从句，修饰先行词“the place”，且在从句中作主语。
[例2]We young people should go ________ we're most needed.[分析]where where引导地点状语从句，修饰主句谓语动词go。
特别提醒：定语从句与地点状语从句的主要区别是：定语从句有一个要修饰限定的先行词，而地点状语从句没有。
易混点三定语从句和时间状语从句定语从句与时间状语从句的主要区别：定语从句有表示时间的先行词，而时间状语从句则没有；定语从句修饰先行词，状语从句修饰谓语动词。
定语从句与六种易混句型巧区分一、定语从句定语从句which / that /who / whose / whom / as / when / where / why1.That bank which / that was opened last week is a very modern one.2.An architect is a person who / that designs houses and buildings.1.The island, which is at the mouth of the river, is being developed asa scenic spot.2.My son, who is a surgeon, is now in Sweden as a visiting scholar.3.Themanwithwhomyoushookhandsjustnowisheadofourdepartment.4.The room in which my family live used to be a garage.1.That is the book ( which / that ) I referred to in my talk.2.He is a teacher ( whom / that ) we all have high respect for.1.This is the best film that has ever been made.2.The first place that we visited was the Great Wall.3.The only furniture that he had in the room was a bed and a smalldesk.4.That is all that I want to say./ Is there anything that I cando for you?5.Theytalkedaboutpersonsandthingsthattheyrememberedinthe school.6.Is there any book that I can refer to?7.Who is the girl that is standing at the school gate?Which is the book that you want to borrow?1.The hero whose left leg he lost in the war is well looked after.2.On the hill were maple trees whose leaves had turned red.On the hill were maple trees the leaves of which had turned red.On the hill were maple trees of which the leaves had turned red.He is a teacher, as / which is clear from his manner.As is natural, she married an American businessman.He used such expressions as he could find in the texts.They stayed for the night in the same room as / that they had oncerented.I still remember the day when / on which we first met.We will never forget the day which we spent together.We will never forger the day when we worked together.The city where / in which I was born is on the new railwayline.Iliketotakemyvacationinthemountain,whichisquietandbeautiful.Iliketotakemyvacationinthemountain,wheretherearemanyplants.This is the reason why / for which he left the company.This is the reason which he gave us for his action.This is the reason why he did that thing.二、定语从句从句型上讲，它与六种句式相似，十分简易混淆。
定语从句与六种易混句型巧区分一、定语从句是高中阶段的重点语法项目之一。
因此，同学们有必要全面弄清其用法。
定语从句从句型上讲，它与六种句式相似，十分容易混淆。
为了帮助同学们分清定语从句与这六种句型的差异，现将其分类例析如下。
定语从句与六种易混句型巧区分一、定语从句是高中阶段的重点语法项目之一。
因此，同学们有必要全面弄清其用法。
定语从句从句型上讲，它与六种句式相似，十分容易混淆。
为了帮助同学们分清定语从句与这六种句型的差异，现将其分类例析如下。
一、定语从句与并列句1．用一个恰当的词完成下列句子，使之完整与正确。
①Mr Li has three daughters，none of _____ is an engineer．②Mr Li has three daughters，but none of _____ is a dancer．③Mr Li has three daughters； _____ are doctors．定语从句与并列句的主要区别在于：并列句有像and，but，so等并列连词或两个句子用分号连接，这时就不能再用引导定语从句的关系词了。
二、定语从句与地点状语从句1.用一个恰当的词完成下列句子，使之完整与正确。
①Rice doesn't grow well _____ there is not enough water．②I still remember the farm _____ my parents worked ten years ago．定语从句与地点状语从句的主要区别在于：定语从句有表示地点的先行词，而地点状语从句则没有；定语从句的关系词根据需要可用“介词＋which”来代替where，而地点状语从句则通常只能由 where引导。
三、定语从句与强调句1．用一个恰当的词完成下列句子，使之完整与正确。
①It is on the morning of May 1st __ I met Liang Wei at the airport．②It is the factory ___ Mr Wang works．强调句与定语从句的区别【原题复现】27.It was from only a few supplies that she had bought in the village_____the hostes s cooked such a nice dinner.A. where B．that C．when D. which【语法补漏】强调句与定语从句的区别是：在定语从句中一般使用关系代词that, which，who, whom或关系副词when, where，why等,先行词(中心词)一般是名词或名词短语，而在强调句中，可以用副词、介词短语或从句来作被强调的内容。
定语从句和其他易混句型区别及典型练习定语从句和其他易混句型对比和区别一．定语从句与并列句 1.并列句用分号（；）或连接词 and, but 来连接。
2.定语从句用关系词来引导关系词具有两个作用：一是放在先行词与定语从句之间起连接（主句和从句）作用二是充当从句中的一个成分。
练习：1.Mr Li has three daughters, none of________ is an engineer.2.Mr Li has three daughters, but noneof__________ is a dancer. 3.Mr Li has three daughters; __________ are doctors. 二二.定语从句与地点状语从句 1. where 引导的定语从句用来修饰表示地点意义的名词或代词可以改成“介词+which”。
2. where 引导的地点状语从句用来修饰动词表示动作发生或存在的地点不可改成”;介词+which”。
3.做题时先根据句意确定有无先行词。
如有是定语从句如无是状语从句。
对比下面两个句子：He left the key where he had been an hour ago. He left the place where he lived for many years. 练习：1.Rice doesn��t grow well _____ there is not enough water.2.I still remember the farm_____ my parents worked ten years ago.3. The visitor asked the guide to take his picture _____ stands the famous tower.A. thatB. whereC. whichD. there 三三. 定语从句与强调句 1.强调句型可以还原成正常语序的句子也就是说强调句型中去掉 It be... that 后句子仍然通顺意义也依然完整只是没有那么强调突出。
而定语从句去掉了 It be... that 后句子就不完整了。
2.强调句型常常与定语从句混合使用。
Could it be in the restaurant in which you had dinner with me yesterday that you lost your handbag? It is in Qingdao you"re going to pay a visit to that this kind of washing machine is produced. It was in Beihai Park where they made a date for the first time that the old couple tole us their love story. 练习; 1. It is on the morning of May 1st _____ I met John at the airport.It is the morning of May 1st _____ I met John at the airport. 2. It is in the factory _______John works. It is the factory _______John works. 四四.定语从句与结果状语从句 1. such/the same--- as 中as 是关系代词其后句子不完整as 在从句中充当成分（主、宾或表语）。
2.such---that 结果状语从句中其后句子是完整的that 只起连接作用。
对比下面两个句子：He is such a good teacher as we all love and respect.He is such a good teacher that we all love and respect him. 练习：1.I have the same puter _____you have.2. She is such a kind girl _____all of us like to make friends with her.3. It is such a good place _____everybody wants to visit _____it is well-known all over the world.A. which; thatB. as ; asC. as ;thatD. that; as 五五.定语从句与习惯句型注意固定句型：It is thefirst/second/third time that+ 从句（从句用现在完成时）1.It is the first time ______she has been in Shanghai.2.It was the time _______Chinese people had a hard life.答案: 1.that 2.when 六六.定语从句与单句注意标点符号：两个单句间用句号而定语从句两个句子间用逗号。
1.The mother told the lazy boy to work, ____didn��t help2.The mother told the lazy boy to work._____didn��t help. 练习：There are 56 students in our class, most of ____are girls. 七七.各各句型之间的异同（一）定语从句与同位语从句的区别 1.that 连接同位语从句：放在抽象名词（news, idea, fact, suggestion, advice, hope 等）之后表明抽象名词的具体内容（中间加 be 可帮助理解）。
同位语从句句子本身成分完整that 无意义只起连接作用不在从句中作任何成分不能省略也不可用which 代替。
2.that 引导定语从句：定语从句句子不完整that 是关系代词它在从句中不但起连接作用同时在从句中作某一成分（主语、宾语或表语）作宾语时可省略指物时还可用 which 替换指人时常可用who 代替。
（二）强调句型与主语从句的区别强调句型中去掉 It be... that 后句子仍然通顺意义也依然完整只是没有那么强调突出。
主语从句的复合句中的 it 是指示代词后面多为系表结构或被动语态。
如果去掉 It be...that句子就不通顺了。
（三）it, as 与 what 三种句型的转换 What is well known to us all is that the 20__ Olympic Games were a great success.（what 连接的主语从句）It is well known to us all thatthe 20__ Olympic Games were a great success.（形式主语 it 引导的主语从句）As is well known to us all, the 20__ Olympic Games were a great success.（as 引导的定语从句）练习：1.The news ______came from the front was true.2.The news ______he won the game was true.3.She was not ______she used to be.4.The city is no longer a place _____ it used to be.5._____ is known to us all, paper was first made in China.6._____ is known to us all that paper was first made in China.7. She was not the woman ______she used to be.The city is no longer _____it used to be.典型练习题：1. I, ___your good friend, will try my best to help you out. A.who isB.who amC.that isD.which am 2. The old man has two sons, ___are lawyers. A.both of themB.both of whoC.both of whomD.both of they3. He is a man of great knowledge, ___much can be learned. A.in whomB.about whomC.from whomD.of whom 4. I can tell you ___he told me last week. A.all whichB.all whatC.that allD.all that 5. Is o_ygen the only gas ___helps fire burn? A.thatB./C.whichD.what 6. Air, ___we breathe every day, is around us all the time. A.thatB./C.whichD.it 7. This is the museum ____we saw an e_hibition the other day. A.thatB.whichC.whereD.in that 8. This museum is ___you visited the other day. A.thatB.whichC.whereD.the one 9. This is the museum ___you saw the other day. A.thatB.whereC.in whichD.in that10. It is the third time ___late this month. A.that you arrivedB.when you arrivedC.that you��ve arrivedD.when you��ve arrived 11. It was in 1969___the American astronaut succeeded in landing on the moon.A.thatB.whichC.in whichD.when 12..We often think of the days ___we spent together on the island. A.whenB.whichC.in whichD.during which 13. Have you ever been to Shanghai,____I left ten years ago? A.whereB.whichC.thatD.when14. He has left Beijing, ___a meeting is to be held.A.whenB.whereC.asD.which 15. This is the very place ___I��m wishing to live in. A.whereB.whichC.thatD.in which 16.I have bought the same dress ____she is wearing. A.asB.thatC.whichDthan 17.Can you solve such problems ___raised by the audience?A.what wereB.as wereC.that wereD.which were 18.The reason ___he didn��t e was____he was injured. A.that,becauseB.why,thatC.why, becauseD.that, that 19.He must be from Africa, ____can be seen from his skin. A.thatB.asC.itD.what 20.His father died last year, ____made it impossible for him to go abroad. A.whenB.whichC.asD.that 21.___is natural,he married Mary. A.ItB.WhatC.WhichD.As 22.The buses, ____were already full,were surrounded by an angry crowd. A.most of themB.most of whichC.which mostD.that most 23.All___is needed is a supply of oil.A.the thingB.thatC.whatD.which 24.He paid the boy 10 dollars for washing ten windows, most of ___had not been cleaned for years.A.theseB.thoseC.thatD.which 25.In the dark street,there wasn��t a single person ______she could turn for help. A.thatB.whoC. fromwhomD.to whom 26. This is one of the means ____theelectic energy is conducted from one place to another.A.by whichB.by thatC.through whichD.through that 27. The place ___you are going tovisit is the ruin of a place. A.in whichB.at whichC.whereD.which 28. The factory ___I am going to is the place ___my mother used to work many years ago. A.where,whereB.where, whichC.which,whereD.that,which 29. Don��t do such things ___you arenot sure about. A.thatB.whichC.asD.what 30. Rober is good at language, ____we all know.A.becauseB.forC.asD.since 31. China has hundreds of islands, ____we all know. A.in whichB.at whichC.of whichD.which 32. She wrote a letter to her father, ___she made her secret known.A.whichB.thatC.in whichD.where 33. She showed me the dictionary ___she paid a lot of money. A.by whichB.to whichC.for whichD.on which34. His parents wouldn��t let him marry anyone___family was poor. A.of whomB.whomC.of whoseD.whose答案：1－5 BCCDA6-10CCDAC11-15ABBBC 16-20ABBBB21-25 DBBDD26-30ADCCC31-35CCCDB 36-40ACDCA41-45 CAADA46-50 CCDCD。
