职场英语系列教材--建筑英语-张莉

职场英语系列教材建筑英语主编张莉CONTENTSUNIT ONEFocal PointsTextCareer in Civil EngineeringAs we know, engineering is a profession, which means that an engineer must have a specialized university education. Many countries also require engineering graduates to pass an examination, similar to the bar examinations for a lawyer or a doctor, before they can start on their careers．In the university, mathematics, physics, and chemistry are considered very important throughout the engineering curriculum, particularly in the first two or three years．Mathematics, of course, is very important in civil engineering. So it is greatly stressed. Today, mathematics includes courses in statistics, which deals with gathering, classifying, and using numerical data, or pieces of information. An important part of statistical mathematics is probability. which deals with what may happen when there are different factors that can change the results of a problem. Before the construction of a bridge is begun, for example, a statistical study is made of the amount of traffic the bridge will be expected to control. In the design of the bridge. Factors such as water pressure on the foundations, the effects of different wind forces, and many other factors must be considered.In an engineering program. The problem of designing a structure to withstand theforces of gravity, wind, and earthquakes is usually addressed through another series of courses. Beginning with algebra and trigonometry(usually covered in high school)and physics, most schools require at least one course in calculus and descriptive geometry before the introduction of engineering statics(a development of the study of vector forces, from elementary physics). There may be an additional course on structural materials, particularly in engineering-oriented programs. The actual structure courses may be done in various sequences by reference to the type of structural element(beam, column, etc. ), or the structural material itself(timber, steel, reinforced concrete, prestrssed concrete). Each material has different characteristics and requires separate considerations, but the ultimate objective in the engineering sense is to determine the most efficient(economical)system that can be coordinated with the design solution. Obviously, the design affects the structural system and vice versa. Today most final structural calculations are done by specialists. A mastery is not essential for the architect, but an understanding is. Again, the emphasis in this area will vary widely from program to program.Because a great deal of calculation is involved in solving these problems, computer programming is now included in almost all engineering curricula. Computers, of course, can solve many problems involving calculations with greater speed and accuracy than a human being can. But computers are useless unless they are given clear and accurate instructions and information-in other words, a good program.In spite of the importance of technical subjects in the engineering curriculum, a current trend is to require students to take courses in the social sciences and the language arts. We have already discussed the relationship between engineering and society. It is, therefore, sufficient to say again that the work done by an engineer affects society in many different and important ways that he or she should understand. An engineer also needs a good command of language to be able to prepare reports that are clear and persuasive. An engineer doing research work will need to be able to write up his or her findings for publications.The last two years of an engineering program include subjects within the student’s field of specialization. For the student who is preparing to become a civil engineer,the specialized courses may deal with such subjects as soil mechanics, or hydraulics. In today’s society, people who have technical training are, of course, in demand. Young engineers may choose to go into environmental engineering, for example. They may choose construction firms that specialize in highway work. They may prefer to work with one of the government agencies that deal with water resources. Indeed, choices are many and varied.When the young engineer has finally started real practice, the theoretical knowledge acquired in the university must be applied. He or she will probably work with a team of engineers at the beginning. Thus, on-the-job training can be acquired that will demonstrate his or her ability to translate theory into practice.The civil engineer may work in research，design，construction supervision, maintenance, or even in management. Each of these areas involves different duties and different uses of the engineer’s knowledge and experience.Words and Expressionsdatum /deItEm/n. 数据，资料（data /deItE/ pl.）statistical /stE'tIstIkEl/ adj．统计的design /dI5zaIn/ v. 设计program /5prEugrAm/ n. 程序，计划algebra /'AldVbrE/ n. 代数trigonometry /trIgE'nCmItrI/ n．三角calculus /'kAlkjulEs/ n．微积分geometry /dVI'CmEtrI/ n. 几何statics /5stAtIks/ n. 静力学vector /5vekt\:/ n．向量timber /'tImbE/ n．木材；木料concrete /5kCnkri:t/ n．混凝土prestress /pri:5stres/ v．给……预加应力n. 预应力coordinate /kEJ5C:dIneIt/ v．使配合，使合作/kEJ5C:dnEt/ n. 坐标emphasis /5emfEsIs/ v. 强调，重点accuracy /5AkjurEsI/ n．准确性，准确度unless /5Qnles/ conj. 除非accurate /'AkjurEt/ n．准确的current /5kQrEnt/ adj. 目前的，现行的trend /trend/ n．倾向，趋势social /5sEJFEl/ adj. 社会的sufficient /sE'fIFEnt/ adj. 充分的persuasive /pE'sweIsIv/ adj. 有说服力的finding /5faIndIN/ adj. 研究结果，发现publication /pQblI5keIFEn/ n．刊物，出版specialization /speFElaI5zeIFEn/ n. 专业化，技术规范Notes to Text1. Many countries also require engineering graduates to pass an examination, similar to the bar examinations for a lawyer or a doctor, before they can start on their careers．similar to the bar examinations for a lawyer or a doctor 分词短语作定语，相当于定语从句which is similar to the bar examinations for a lawyer or a doctorsimilar to, 与……相似的e.g. His stance towards the story is quite similar to ours.他对该报道的态度和我们很相像。

新职业英语基础篇第三版职业综合英语2unit2课件全文共3篇示例，供读者参考篇1Title: New Occupational English Basic Third Edition Occupational Comprehensive English 2 Unit 2 CoursewareIntroduction:The New Occupational English Basic Third Edition is a comprehensive English textbook designed for learners who are preparing to enter the workforce. Unit 2 focuses on occupational English related to various professions and industries. In this article, we will explore the courseware for Unit 2, which covers key topics such as job descriptions, workplace communication, and professional development.Job Descriptions:One of the key components of Unit 2 is learning how to read and interpret job descriptions. Students will be introduced to common job titles, responsibilities, and qualifications. They will also learn how to identify key information in job postings, such as required skills and experience. Additionally, students willpractice writing their own job descriptions and resumes to prepare for the job application process.Workplace Communication:Effective communication is critical in the workplace, and Unit 2 covers essential communication skills for various occupational settings. Students will learn how to engage in professional conversations, write emails, and participate in meetings. They will also explore different communication styles and practice giving and receiving feedback. By mastering these skills, students will be better prepared to interact with colleagues, clients, and supervisors in a professional manner.Professional Development:In Unit 2, students will also focus on their professional development and career advancement. They will learn about goal setting, time management, and networking. Students will explore strategies for building a professional network, seeking mentorship, and pursuing further education or training to advance their careers. By setting goals and developing their skills, students will be better equipped to achieve success in their chosen fields.Conclusion:The New Occupational English Basic Third Edition Occupational Comprehensive English 2 Unit 2 courseware provides learners with the foundational knowledge and skills necessary for success in the workplace. By focusing on job descriptions, workplace communication, and professional development, students will gain the confidence and competence needed to excel in their chosen professions. With this comprehensive courseware, students will be well-prepared to enter the workforce and pursue their career goals.篇2Title: Unit 2: Careers in the Modern WorldIntroduction:In the ever-evolving landscape of the modern world, the concept of work and employment has undergone significant changes. With the rise of technology, globalization, and new industries, new job opportunities have emerged, along with the demand for new skills and knowledge. In Unit 2 of the New Occupational English Basic Edition, we will explore different career paths and discuss the skills and qualifications needed for success in the 21st-century job market.1. The Changing Nature of Work:- The impact of technology on jobs- The importance of lifelong learning- The rise of remote work and gig economy2. Emerging Industries and Job Opportunities:- The significance of data science and analytics- The growing demand for cybersecurity professionals- The rise of green jobs and sustainable careers3. Skills and Qualifications for Success:- Communication skills in the digital age- Adaptability and resilience in a fast-paced world- The importance of continuous learning and upskilling4. Case Studies:- Success stories of individuals who have thrived in the modern job market- Challenges faced by workers in transitioning to new career paths- Strategies for career growth and developmentConclusion:As we navigate the complexities of the modern job market, it is essential to stay informed, adaptable, and proactive in shaping our careers. By acquiring the necessary skills and qualifications, staying abreast of industry trends, and embracing lifelong learning, we can thrive in the ever-changing world of work. Unit 2 of the New Occupational English Basic Edition provides valuable insights and resources to guide us on our career journey. Let's seize the opportunities ahead and embark on a path to professional success in the 21st century.篇3Title: New Occupational English Basic Edition Unit 2 Comprehensive Occupational English 2 Lecture NotesUnit 2: The Workplace EnvironmentIntroduction: In the workplace, effective communication is essential. Understanding the workplace environment and the roles of different professionals is crucial for success. This unit will focus on various aspects of the workplace environment and the skills needed to thrive in different occupational settings.1. Workplace Cultures: Different workplaces have different cultures, norms, and practices. Understanding and adapting to these cultures is key to building effective working relationships.It is important to respect the diversity of workplaces and appreciate the values and perspectives of others.2. Teamwork and Collaboration: Collaboration is a critical skill in today's workplace. Working effectively in teams requires strong communication skills, the ability to listen actively, and the willingness to contribute ideas and feedback. Building strong relationships with colleagues and working towards common goals are essential for success.3. Leadership and Management: Leadership and management are important skills for professionals in various fields. Effective leaders inspire and motivate others, set clear goals, and provide direction and support. Managers must also be able to plan, organize, and delegate tasks efficiently to ensure productivity and success.4. Problem-Solving and Decision-Making: Problem-solving and decision-making are essential skills in the workplace. Professionals must be able to identify issues, analyze situations, and develop effective solutions. Making well-informed decisions based on thoughtful consideration and evaluation is crucial for achieving positive outcomes.5. Communication Skills: Effective communication is the cornerstone of success in the workplace. Professionals must beable to express their ideas clearly, listen actively, and convey information accurately. Building strong communication skills, both verbal and written, is essential for building trust, resolving conflicts, and fostering positive relationships.Conclusion: Building a successful career requires a combination of technical skills, interpersonal skills, and professional development. Understanding the workplace environment, collaborating with colleagues, and developing effective communication skills are essential for thriving in today's dynamic and diverse workplaces. By investing in continuous learning and self-improvement, professionals can enhance their performance, achieve their goals, and make a positive impact in their chosen fields.。

课程教学与英语专业词汇量的积累
张莉
【期刊名称】《成都工业学院学报》
【年(卷),期】1999(000)003
【摘要】英语专业词汇的学习可以由专业技术基础课或专业课的老师在讲授专业技术知识的同时,不断地传授给学生,这样不仅可以扩大学生的英语专业词汇量,而且还有助于专业知识的学习和理解。

本文从电子技术专业基础课的教学角度出发,探讨了专业知识学习与英语专业词汇积累之间的关系。

【总页数】3页(P55-57)
【作者】张莉
【作者单位】成都飞机工业(集团)公司职工工学院讲师 610092
【正文语种】中文
【中图分类】H319
【相关文献】
1.影响中职生英语词汇积累的因素和提高词汇量的教学策略 [J], 李臻;
2.高中生英语阅读词汇量的积累途径 [J], 胡丽霜;
3.自然拼读法与音标教学促进大学生英语词汇量积累研究 [J], 刘倩
4.中学生扩大积累词汇量的学习策略探讨 [J], 刘慧
5.自然拼读法与音标教学促进大学生英语词汇量积累研究 [J], 刘倩
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Teacher’s Book for Unit 8Unit 8 Advertise a productMotivatingAbout the unitAdvertising is crucial to every business as it provides the opportunity to make the target market aware of their product or services. It builds a connection between products or services and customers. Effective advertising not only attracts new customers, but also promotes repeat business as well. It helps companies to remain competitive and gain more sales. Depending on the scale of business, companies either have their own publicity department or hire a professional advertising agency to create an attractive and appealing advertisement. Common advertising media available to an advertiser include: direct mail, newspaper and magazines, television advertising, radio advertising, film advertising, outdoor advertising, window display, fairs and exhibition.This unit mainly focuses on writing advertising copy. In “Inputting”, Ss will learn the content and the necessary words and expressions to describe an advertised product, as well as how to structure and write the advertisement successfully, before they complete the production task in “Outputting”. “Extending” will help Ss learn the advantages and disadvantages of different advertising media and better understand the distinct features of language in advertising. After studying this unit, Ss will be able to write an advertisement and understand the importance of advertising in the business world.Teaching objectivesUpon completion of this unit, the T is expected to enable Ss to:●list the words and expressions concerning advertising (Listening & Reading:Form)●identify the selling points of a product (Listening & Reading: Content)●describe the structure of an advertisement (Structuring)●list three ways of advertising (Listening & Reading: Content)●write an advertisement based on information gathered about a product(Outputting)Teaching suggestionsA production-oriented approach is suggested here. By adopting this approach, the T needs to make clear the unit setting, the production task and the learning objectives in “Motivating”. With the content, language and structure learned in “Inputting”, the T can help Ss get prepared for the production task in “Outputting”. “Extending” is the final stage where a follow-up listening and reading are carried out.Sections TipsMotivating Period 1 (Warming-up)• Present the scenario of communication to Ss.(Trying-out)• Ask Ss to try out the communicative task.• Help Ss realise their gap to complete the task and arouse their interest in learning.(Taking aim)• Explain the learning objectives and the output task.• Make sure Ss can distinguish between the communication and the language objectives.• Make sure Ss are clear about the type and content of the output task.Inputting Periods 1-3(Listening)• Play the audio for Ss to listen to for the first time and to do Task 1 to get topics discussed about Bella & Flora’s products; check the answers and offer help to Ss if necessary.• Play the audio for Ss to listen to and to finish Task 2 to get further details about the products, such as fabrics, target customers, etc.; check answers and offer help to Ss if necessary.• Explain the Language Points (The T may explain the language points before the first listening).• Explain the Cultural Point and the Business Point.• Lead Ss to summarise the language that can be used to complete the output task.(Reading)• Guide Ss to read and understand the passage by finishing the two tasks of “Content” (Task 2 might be finished before Task 1 if necessary) toget details about the company’s new seasonal wear; check answers and provide assistance when necessary.• Explain the Language Points, the Cultural Point and the Business Point and any part of the passage that might be necessary for Ss.• Guide Ss to finish the three tasks of “Form” (some of the tasks such as Task 3 might also be finished flexibly while the language is being explained); check answers and provide assistance when necessary. • Lead Ss to note down more information of the new product and collect more language structures that are useful for the output task. (Structuring)• Explain the structure of an advertisement copy.• Guide Ss to grasp the structure of an advertisement by finishing the Task; check answers and provide assistance when necessary.• Make sure Ss have grasped the structure of an advertisement before moving to the next part of the unit.Outputting Period 4 • Describe the output task so that Ss are clear about each step of the task and relevant requirements of each step.• Guide Ss to finish the output task step by step and carry out the self-assessment.• Assess Ss’ performance by working with them together (construct the assessment criteria with Ss in advance and make a timely assessment inside or outside the class according to the time available).• Provide assistance when necessary.Extending (outside class) (Listening & Reading)• Assign Ss to finish the tasks and provide the channel through which Ss can check answers; provide assistance when necessary.• If time permits, the T can also guide Ss to finish the tasks inside the class and roughly follow the procedures of “Listening” and “Reading” in “Inputting”.Inputting2.1 ListeningLanguage focus1.No wonder we always have a good word of mouth advertising.no wonder: not surprising; not unusual难怪；不足为怪e.g. He has been learning French for several years. No wonder he has noproblem communicating with the locals.2.Our competitors are trying to grab our market share by undercutting their price.1)market share: the percentage of an industry’s sales that a particularcompany owns市场份额e.g. They claim to have a 20% worldwide market share.2)undercut: v.to offer goods or services at a lower price than (one’scompetitors) 以低于（他人）的价格出售e.g. They are undercutting us by 20 p a packet.3.Maybe that’s something to run the advertising campaign around.campaign: n. series of planned activities to gain a special object (宣传)活动e.g. It will cost a lot of money to run a political campaign.Reference answersTask 1☑quality☑ market share☐design☑price☑ target customers☐production process☑ advertising strategy☑ contact numberTask 21.silk2.green3.454.fashion5.middle6.quality7.identity8.familyScripts:Natalie:Mr Reefs, do you have a minute? I’m planning an ad for our new seasonal wear and I’d like to talk about it with you.Paul:Sure.Natalie:It’s perfect that our products are of the highest quality in the market.Paul:Yes, especially our fabrics which are of top quality—silk from China, fibre from India, and linen from Russia.Natalie:And our fabrics are all natural and green. No wonder we always have a good word of mouth advertising.Paul:Yes, but we’re facing strong competition at the moment. Our competitors are trying to grab our market share by undercuttingtheir price.Natalie:That’s true. But our target customers are those aged between 25 and 45 who live in cities. They are a fashion-conscious group, whoare educated and fall in the middle-class category. So, fortunately,they often have a relatively high income.Paul:Yes. I believe they are willing to pay more for comfortable, quality products.Natalie:And most of them are married. Therefore, our advertising should create a strong message emphasising the importance of family.When they wear our clothes, they will feel a sense of identity andcommunity.Paul:That’s true. Maybe that’s something to run the advertising campaign around. We hope our customers can associate our brandwith positive feelings such as happiness, family and love. Anadvertising campaign based on that idea could help keep us the topbrand in this area.Natalie:Absolutely.Paul:All right,if you have any further questions, please call me. Or you can also call 0040-2073689627, which is to be used as the contactnumber in the ad we have talked about.2.2 ReadingLanguage focus1.For this year’s spring and summer wear, Bella & Flora is devoting itself toproviding customers with new products based on simple but comfortable designs.1)devote oneself to: to give (one’s time, energy, etc) to sb/sth; to dedicate致力于；献身于e.g. The scientist devotes himself to the exploration of outer space.2)base on: to use sth as grounds, evidence, etc for sth else使建立在……基础上e.g. I base my hopes on the good news we had yesterday.2.The latest collection of Bella & Flora features a wide range of different whitecotton shirts for both men and women.feature: v. to give a prominent part to sth; to be characterized as... 以……为特色e.g. Chinese cuisine features a wide variety of tastes.3.We use organic cotton that is naturally grown in healthy soil, free of harmfulchemicals.free of: not harmed by sth dangerous; not spoiled by sth unpleasant免于……的影响或伤害e.g. I want to have a holiday free of all anxieties.4.The shirts made of these soft and comfortable fabric are suitable for bothworkdays and weekends.suitable for: right or appropriate for a purpose or an occasion适合的；适宜的e.g. You’d better buy some clothes suitable for cold weather.5.Their simple design can fulfill different purposes on different occasions.fulfill: v. to perform sth or bring sth to completion实现；履行e.g. Once you’ve made a promise, you need to fulfill it.6.For example, free-size wear is designed with a symbolic A-shape and loose-fitting cuttings, suitable for casual wear.casual: a. not formal 随便的；非正式的e.g. Please don’t wear casual clothes to the office.7.Apart from the basic colors of black and white, light blue has been added tobring a fresh feeling to the collection.apart from: leaving on one side; besides除了……之外（还）；不止e.g. Apart from global warming, is there any other reason for the weatherchange in this area?8.Since Bella & Flora is a lifestyle brand, the concept of family is held at the coreof the business.core: n. most important part of sth 核心；最重要的部分e.g. The technicians are trying their best to protect the core of the computerfrom the invading virus.This sentence contains an adverbial clause of reason “since Bella & Flora is a lifestyle brand”, starting with the subordinator “since”. It indicates why Bella & Flora holds family as the most important part of its business.This sentence can be paraphrased as: Bella & Flora is a lifestyle brand, so it holds the concept of family as the most important part of its business.Reference answersContentTask 11. D2. C3. B4. ATask 21. D2. D3. B4. B5. CFormTask 11.casually2. chemistry3. sleeves4. fulfilling5. featuringTask 21.based on2. apart from3. suitable for4. free of5. devoted himself toTask 3Model 11.The little girl saved by the firemen in the earthquake became a doctor.2.The pizza bought from the roadside bakery can be shared by four kids.Model 21.Since the necklace was a gift from her father, she cherished it very much.2.Since it was a complicated story, the man spent one hour explaining it.2.3 StructuringStructure extensionIn order to keep your advertising relevant and effective, it is very important to identify your target audience before you start writing an advertisement. You can first form a profile of your typical customer. For instance, if you sell gym equipment, you can logically assume your typical customer is either someone who owns a fitness facility store or an athlete who wants to exercise at home. Once you have correctly identified your target audience, you need to connect them with your brand. One of the most direct and most common ways is by telling them a story. Stories communicate messages in highly specific and emotionally impactful ways. They’re memorable, and they give us something to identify with and hold on to. Linking a brand with a good story allows customers to connect with the product on an emotional level, to be more receptive to its message and therefore more likely to buy it.An advertising slogan is a catchy tagline or phrase that is used by a company for advertising. It’s a short and sweet reminder of the value a brand offers to their customers. Almost every branding strategy involves the creation and use of an advertising slogan. The followings are some examples of the most popular slogans of all time: “Just Do It”--- Nike“Think Different”--- Apple“Impossible Is Nothing”--- Adidas“Open Happiness”--- Coca-Cola“Have It Your Way”--- Burger King“Go Beyond”--- Land Rover“I'm Lovin’It”--- McDonald's“Anytime, Anywhere”--- WalmartHere are some basic rules for creating an advertising slogan:1.Keep it short and simpleConsumers are more likely to remember brief statements or advertisements. Limit your slogan to no more than 10 words.2.Be consistentMake sure your business slogan complements your existing logo, company name and projected image.3.Focus on what makes you differentFigure out what your unique selling proposition is and use it.Reference answersHeadline:By asking the reader a question and using “special” three times to draw the attention.Body of the copy:a.The special occasions include a special moment with a friend, the end of a longday or the time after a delicious dinner.b.Sipsome travels the world to find the finest ingredients for the tea.Slogan:a.Sipsome tries to sell the concept of love to its customers.b.Alliteration is used in the slogan.c.It makes the language rhythmical and leaves the reader with a deep impression.Call-to-action:They can call at 1-800-457-0789.OutputtingSuggestions for evaluationContent Does the advertisement include the distinct selling pointsof the product?Structure Is the advertisement completely and logically organised?Language Are word choice and sentence structures appropriate?Communication Strategy Is the advertisement written clearly and effectively to the reader?SampleWe Take Care of Our Customers as We Take Care of Our FamilyAfter the launch of Basic Daily Wear, Bella & Flora brings you the new Seasonal Wear Series.This year’s spring and summer collection endeavors to explore themes of building a fashion family. We take you and your loved ones outdoors to enjoy the fragrance of spring and freshness of early summer. Whether you go hiking or havea picnic in the park, Bella & Flora gives you the same comfortable experience asalways. Being soft, yet strong and supple, our cotton wear allows you to move at your will and enjoy nature to your heart’s content. You no longer need to worry about sweaty shirts, because the airy texture of our organic cotton allows your skin to breathe thoroughly. Our loose-fit clothes are comfortable and casual, and are especially designed for outdoor activities. And don’t frown upon your kids’ muddy pants, because they are easy to wash and dry. So let them run in the woods as freely as happy birdies.With a neutral color palette, our new series is simple, basic and universal. The featured new color, light blue, gives you the sense of a cool breeze and a look of stylish simplicity.We offer a wardrobe for the whole family in this season. When you are wearing our products with your loved ones, we want you to have a sense of love and togetherness, because we believe in:the Best Quality for the Most Loved OnesContact: for further inquiry about our products, please call us at 0040-2073689627.ExtendingReference answers4.1 Listening1.B2. A3. B4. A5.A4.2 Reading1.positive impression2.argue3.depth4.Verbs and adverbs5.connotationsScripts:Tim:Hi, Natalie. I’ve heard that you are promoting our next season’s wear.Natalie:Yes. I have written an advertisement for the Family magazine.Tim:That’s great! But why don’t you use TV commercials? With the colourful scenes and sound, would it be more exciting andimpressive?Natalie:Yes, it would. But it is incredibly expensive. We couldn’t afford it.It normally costs about $300,000 to produce a high quality 30-second ad. We have an advertising budget of only $80,000, whichis rather tight, I’m afraid.Tim:Oh, I see. Well, I have always thought that TV has a very big audience.Natalie:But we may run the risk of spending a lot of money advertising to people who’ll never buy our products. We chose Family magazinebecause it has a subscription of over six million, yet its ads costonly one-third of TV ads. Besides, we can advertise directly to ourtarget customers.Tim:OK. That sounds good. We have to maximise the reach to our target users at the lowest possible cost.Natalie: Yes, you are right. Next time, we may try to advertise on somesocial media platforms as they are becoming very popular thesedays...。

参考译文Unit1 Working Together对话：谈论同事张莉和吴刚在同一家工厂工作，午饭时遇见了。

张莉：你和你的同事相处得好吗？吴刚：还好，我和多数同事都相处的很融洽。

但是我真的很烦托尼。

张莉：怎么回事啊？吴刚：他总是犯一些粗心的错误，和他共事实在难受。

张莉：你不要那么消极地看待问题嘛。

每个人都有他的优缺点。

吴刚：那你和你的同事是怎么建立良好关系的呢？张莉：我认为最重要的是你要理解同事的感受和需求，尽力去营造一个良好的工作环境。

Text A 上班第一天上班第一天可能比整个应聘过程更加令人不安。

为了赢得朋友和在职业道路上积极发展，一定要牢记下面有关上班第一天的建议：1. 着装要朴素大方，不要引起过多的关注。

2. 与同事保持意见一致。

要多聆听，摸清做好工作的门道。

3. 提出关于工作的有见地的问题。

（因为）人们都喜欢去帮助别人。

4. 在谈话中，尽量多运用对方的名字，这有助于你更快地记住他们。

5. 多注意观察，你会很快发现员工之间的本质关系。

6. 每个公司都有它自己的工作风格和节奏。

调整你的工作节奏来适应你的同事。

注意，上述的任何建议都和工作本身、技能、你所受过的训练和经验无关。

因为那些对于任何一项新的工作来说一般都是较为容易的部分。

那些对于任何一项新的工作来说一般都是较为容易的部分。

Text B 如何应对难相处的同事？工作环境就像是一个大熔炉——不同文化、背景和价值观的人在一起工作。

你觉得不舒服的事情可能对于其他人来说则是一件很幽默的事。

难相处的同事在工作中确实存在。

他们有不同的类型，出现在不同的工作场所。

你与一个人有多难相处取决于你的自尊、自信和职场勇气。

如果他经常都很讨人厌或是他的行为影响了不止一个人的时候，应对起来会比较简单。

如果冒犯的行为结果不严重，可能利用午餐的时间闲聊一番就能解决问题。

很有可能，你俩的关系从一开始就出现了问题。

那么有时候你需要尽量从别人的角度考虑问题，理解对方的情感和他们所处的情境。