定语从句------关系代词
1.who指人，在从句中做主语
(1)The boys who are playing football are from Class One.
(2)Yesterday I helped an old man who lost his way.
2. whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。
(1) Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about.
注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。
(3) The man who/whom you met just now is my friend.
3. which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略
(1) Football is a game which is liked by most boys. ( which 在句子中做主语)
(2) This is the pen (which) he bought yesterday. ( which 在句子中做宾语)
4. that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。
在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。
(5) The people that/who come to visit the city are all here. (在句子中做主语)
(6) Where is the man that/whom I saw this morning? (在句子中做宾语)
5. whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语
(1) He has a friend whose father is a doctor.
(2) I lived in a house whose roof has fallen in.
whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替
(3)The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.
=The classroom the door of which is broken will soon be repaired.
(5)Do you like the book whose color is yellow?
=Do you like the book the color of which is yellow?
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which, who引导的定语从句 看下面的几个例句： It successfully shows the rich culture which makes Beijing so famous. 它成功地展示了使北京闻名遐迩的悠久文化。 The photo which we liked best was taken by Zhao Min. 我们最喜欢的照片是赵敏照的 先行词是物 It successfully shows the rich culture which makes Beijing so famous. 引导词在从句中作主语 先行词是物 The photo which we liked best was taken by Zhao Min. 引导词在从句中作宾语 由此，我们可以看出：which引导的定语从句修饰的是无生命的东西。which 在从句中的成分是可以作主语，也可以作宾语。 下面我们再看一个句子： 先行词是人 His father is the person who will be most unhappy. 引导词在从句中作主语 由此，我们可以看出： 如果先行词是人，那么定语从句的引导词就可以是who。 注意：当who 在从句中作宾语时，在现代语法规则简化为大多数情况下都可用who了。 如：Do you know Mr Zhang who(m) they like very much? 在先行词是物的定语从句中，一般情况下that和which都可以通用, 但在下列情况下, 一般用that而不用which。 (1)先行词为all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much 等不 定代词时。 I am sure she has something that you can borrow. (2).先行词被all, little, much, every, no, 等修饰时。 I’ve read all the books that are not mine. (3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。 This is the first book that he has read (4)先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last修饰时。 This is the very book that belongs to him. (5)先行词为人和物的组合。 They talked for an hour of things and persons that they remembered in the
涉及that等引导的定语从句 定语从句历年都是高考的重难点，尤其是涉及that，which，as的考题。下面是定语从句的语法规则和具体应用，希望同学们好好揣摩。 一、限制性定语从句只能用that的几种情况 1. 当先行词是anything，everything，nothing （something 除外），few，all，none，little，some等代词时，或者是由every，any，all，some，no，little，few，much，each等词修饰时。例如： Have you taken down everything （that）Mr. Smith has said？你记下了斯密思先生说的一切吗？ There seems to be nothing （that）seems impossible for him in the world. 对他来说，没有什么不可能。 There is little （that）I can do for you. 对你，我无能无力。 由此可知，一般情况下，可将that用括号括住。部分时候that也可以省略。例如： All that can be done has been done. 今日事，今日毕。 此外，当先行词指人时，偶尔也可以用who。例如： Any man that/who has a sense of duty won’t do such a bad
thing. 任何一个有责任感的人不会做这样的坏事。 2. 当先行词被序数词修饰时，例如： The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben. 他们访问伦敦时，首先去看大本钟。 3. 当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时，例如： This is the best movie that I have seen. 这是我看过最棒 的电影。 4. 当形容词被the very，the only，the same，the last，any，little等修饰时，例如： This is the very good dictionary that I want to buy. 这是很好的词典，我想买。 After the fire in his house，the old motorcycle is the only thing that he owned. 家里失火后，旧摩托是他唯一所有的东西了。 当先行词指人时，偶尔也可以用who，例如： Erik is the only person in our company who will attend the meeting. 艾里克是我们公司唯一出席会议的人。 5. 当先行词前面有who，which等疑问代词时，例如： Who is the man that is sitting at the corner？坐在角落里的是谁？ Which is the T-shirt that fits me most？什么T恤衫最配我？
定语从句中which和that用法 在定语从句中，which 和that 在指代事物时，一般可以互换使用，但并非在任何情况下都是这样。 一、宜用that, 而不宜用which 的情况. ①先行词为不定代词all,much,something,everything,anything,nothing,none,the one 等 1. We should do all that is useful to the people. 2. There's nothing that can be said about it. 3. Do you mean the one that was bought yesterday ②先行词被only, any, few, little, no, just, very, one of等词修饰时。 1 .The only thing that we could do was to wait. 2 .That's the very word that is wrongly used. 3 .The last place (that) we visited was the chemical works. 4 .You can take any (=whichever) seat that is free. 5 .I hope the little that I can will be of some help to them. ③先行词是序数词时或被序数词修饰时。 1. When we talk about Wuxi, the first that comes into mind is Tai Lake. 2. This is the third film that has been shown in our school this term. ④先行词是最高级或被最高级修饰时。 1. This is the best that can be done now. 2. The most important thing that should be done right now is how to stop him from going on. ⑤先行词既有人又有物，用which和who都不适合，这时宜用that. 如： writer and his novel that you have just talked about is really well known . rider and his bike that had run over an old woman were held up by the police. ⑥被修饰词为数词时. 1. Yesterday I caught two fish and put them in a basin of water .Now you can see the two that are still alive .
关于which引导从句的小结： 关系代词which 一般指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或定语，既可引导限制性定语从句，又可引导非限制性定语从句。 1. 引导限制性定语从句 A shop should keep a stock of those goods which sell best. [ stock存货] 商店应存有最畅销的货物。 This is the family which is planning to move to the city 这是要搬进城里的一家。 2. 引导非限制性定语从句。 （1 ）用来指代一个句子。 Internet is so interesting, which makes all possible happen. 因特网是如此有趣，它使任何事都有可能发生。 （2 ）用来指代句子的一部分。 When deep in thought, which he often was, he would forget all around him. 他常常陷入沉思，这时他就会忘掉周围的一切。 （3 ）如果要引导两个非限制性定语从句，第二个which 前要加and. He bought a book, which was written by LuXun, and which he decided to give to his friend. 他买了本鲁迅写的书，他决定送给朋友。
练习1. [1. board董事会 2. data资料,数据 3. shareholder 【英】股东 4. on behalf of代表 5. guard保护] The ability to guard customer data is the key to market value, which the board is responsible for on behalf of shareholders. which的先行词是谁？ 译文：保护客户资料的能力是市场价值的关键，董事会代表股东对市场价值负有责任。 【难点小结：1.介词短语 2.which 的先行词 3. 非限制性定语从句有时要翻译成一句话】 例2. 【1.semiconductor半导体 2. casualty伤亡，灭亡，覆灭 3.< A sit at the heart of B> A是B的核心】
定语从句中that与who的用法区别 1. 两者均可指人，有时可互换（包括当先行词为all, anyone, someone等，同时也包括先行词受the only 等的修饰时）： All that [who] heard him were delighted. 所有听了他讲话的人都很高兴。 He is the only one among us that [who] knows Russian.他是我们中间唯一懂俄语的人。 Anyone who [that] is over sixteen is allowed in. 任何超过十六岁的人都允许进去。 It is impolite to turn your back on someone who [that] is speaking to you. 人家跟你说话，你把背朝人是不礼貌的。 2. 但是在下列情况，通常要用that： ①当先行词是一个既指人又指物的并列词组时： I made a speech on the men and things that I had seen abroad. 我就我在国外所见到的人和事作了报告。 ②当先行词是who时(为避免重复)： Who was it that won the World Cup in 1982? 谁赢得了1982年的世界杯？ ③当关系代词在定语从句中作表语时(可省略)： Tom is not the boy (that) he was. 汤姆这孩子已不是以前那个样子了。 3. 但是在下列情况，通常要用who： 当先行词为those 且指人时，英语习惯上要用who 来引导定语从句。如： Those who do not wish to go need not go. 不愿去的人不需要去。 Those who couldn’t walk were carried on stretchers. 那些不能走的人都用担架抬着。 It is said that those who eat the most are the least healthy. 据说吃得最多的人身体最差。 Only those who had booked in advance were allowed in. 只有那些预先订票的人可以进去。 The plan was supported by those who wished to listen to more good English. 这计划受到想多听好英语的人的支持。 Let us spend a few moments in silence so that / in order that we remember those who died to preserve our freedom. 让我们默哀片刻，以缅怀那些为维护我们的自由而牺牲了的人们。 注：偶尔也可见到在 who 之后用that 引导定语从句的用例，但相当少见。如： The danger is that people who pay their bills on time will be lumped in with those that don’t. 危险的是那些及时付账的人将会同那些不及时付账的人混在一起。
……………………………………………………………最新资料推荐………………………………………………… 定语从句中：只用that而不用which的五种情况 泰州市苏陈中学朱志荣 引导定语从句的关系代词有：that（指人或物），which（指物），who (指人）。指人时可用that或who ；指物时可用that 或which ；但有时只能用that，不能用which。常见的情况有下列五种： 1）当先行词是：all , any , anything , everything , nothing或被它们修饰时。例如： Is there anything that I can do for you ? 有什么可以为你做的吗？ All that can be done must be done . 凡是能做的都必须做。 2）当先行词被形容词的最高级或序数词修饰时。例如： That is one of the most interesting books that are sold in the bookshop . 那是这家书店出售的最有趣的书之一。 The first thing that we should do is to get some food . 我们该做的第一件事是弄点吃的。 3）当先行词有：the only , the very , the same , the last 等修饰时。例如： My necklace is not the only thing that's missing . 我的项链不仅是丢掉的东西。 4）当主句以who或which开头时，定语从句中引导词用that ,不用which 或who 。以避免重复。例如： Who is the girl that is wearing a red coat ? 正穿一件红色外套的女孩子是谁？ 5）当先行词既有人又有物时，用that 。例如： The writer and his novel that you have just talked about are really well known . 你刚才谈起的那位作家以及他的小说确实很著名。 1
定语从句中的that和which的用法 引导定语从句的关系代词有：that（指人或物）,which （指物）,who (指人）.指人时可用that或who ；指物时可用that 或which 。 That和which在从句里都可以做宾语和主语，做宾语时可以省略。指物时，两者一般可以互换，但在下列情况下只能用that： 1）当先行词是all ,any ,anything ,everything ,nothing 或被它们修饰时.例如： Is there anything that I can do for you 有什么可以为你做的吗? All that can be done must be done . 凡是能做的都必须做. 2）当先行词被形容词的最高级或序数词修饰时.例如：That is one of the most interesting books that are sold in the bookshop . 那是这家书店出售的最有趣的书之一. The first thing that we should do is to get some food . 我们该做的第一件事是弄点吃的. 3）当先行词有：the only ,the very ,the same ,the last 等修饰时.例如：
My necklace is not the only thing that's missing . 我的项链不仅是丢掉的东西. 4）当主句以who或which开头时,定语从句中引导词用that ,不用which 或who .以避免重复.例如： Who is the girl that is wearing a red coat 正穿一件红色外套的女孩子是谁? 5）当先行词既有人又有物时,用that .例如： The writer and his novel that you have just talked about are really well known . 你刚才谈起的那位作家以及他的小说确实很著名. 请注意: 以下几种只能使用which的情况: 1.引导非限制性定语从句，用which。 2.在“介词＋关系代词”结构中，关系代词必须用which。 如：The house in which we live is very large. 我们住的房子非常大。 This is the reference book of which the teacher is speaking. 这就是老师正在谈及的那本参考书。 注意：如果介词不放在修饰事物的限定性定语从句的句首，which就可换为that，例如：This is the question which/that we've had so much discussion about. =This is the question about which we've had so much discussion.
初中英语语法who which和that引导的定语从句 初中英语语法who, which和that引导的定语从句 【链接中考】 ( ) 1. Is that the man ______ helped us a lot after the earthquake? (2009浙江杭州) A. whose B. which C. when D. who ( ) 2. Sorry, we don’t have the c oat ______ you need. (2009河北) A. what B. who C. whom D. which ( ) 3. I’ve found some pictures of the most interesting places _______ you can visit during the winter holidays. (2009山东烟台) A. where B. which C. what D. that 【概念】在复合句中作定语的从句叫定语从句。 先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词称为先行词。 关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词，也叫引导词。关系词包括关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose等，关系副词有where, when, why等。 【关系代词的功能】 关系代词在从句中的功能 that 作主语或宾语(指人或物) which 作主语或宾语(指物，可与that互换) who 作主语或宾语(指人，可与that互换) 【温馨提示】 ◆that和which在从句中作宾语时常可省略。 ◆以下情况的定语从句常用that引导而不用which： (1) 先行词是不定代词all, few, little, much, everything, nothing, anything等时; (2) 先行词被形容词最高级修饰时; (3) 先行词被序数词修饰时; (4) 先行词被the very, the only, the last等修饰时; (5) 先行词被all, every, any, little, no等修饰时; (6) 先行词既有人又有物时。 ◆先行词在从句中作介词的宾语且介词前置时，只能用which或whom引导。 【语法闯关】用适当的关系代词填空。 1. I prefer shoes ______ are cool. 2. My necklace is not the only thing ________ is missing. 3. These are the best stamps _______ Kate has given me. 4. The building in ______ you live is comfortable. 5. —Is everything ______ we need to do done? —Yes. You needn’t worry about it. 6. The man ______ stands over there is my Chinese teacher. 7. I want to read all the books ______ were written by Guo Jingming. 8. The book ______ has a red cover is a storybook. Key： 【链接中考】1-3 DDD 【语法闯关】
that常用作关系代词，可指代某人，也可指代某物，指物时有的时候可用which替换that，指人时可用who替换。但在下列情况下，一般用that。 一、that指代某物事时 1.先行词为all, few, little, much, the one, something, anything, everything, nothing等时。如： 2. 先行词被all, every, no, some, any, (a)few, (a)little, much等限定词修饰时。如： 3. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。如： 4. 先行词被the only, the very, the right, the last 等修饰时。如： 5. 先行词是并列结构，既有人又有物时。如： 6. 先行词前有the same 修饰，表示和先行词是同一物时。如： 注：如果表示的是与先行词同一类或相似的某物，则用the same…as….如： 7. 先行词为数词时。
8. 如果which引导的定语从句中又含有一个定语从句，为避免重复，第二个定语从句用that。如： 9. 以which作主语开头的特殊问句，为了避免重复，定语从句用that。如。 10. 关系代词在定语从句中作表语时，而且通常省略。如： 11. 关系代词在there be 句型中作主语时,而且常可以省略。如： 二、that 指代某人时。 1. 泛指某人时。如： 2. 主句是以作主语的who开头的特殊问句，为了避免重复时。如： 3. 先行词前有the same时。如： 4. 关系代词在定语从句中作表语时。如： 另外，that也可用作关系副词，表示时间、地点、原因和方式，在口语中可以用来代替when, where, why 引导的定语从句。在以下名词day, year, time, moment, reason, place等作先行词时，可用that作关系副词引导定语从句。如：
英语语法：定语从句中的that和which 英语语法：定语从句中的that和which That which代表物，区别听我来叙述; 先行若是不定代，that就把which 踹; 当先行词为anything，everything，nothing，all，any，much，many，one等不定代词时，只能使用“that”,不用“which”。 例：Is there anything that I can do for you? 我能给你做点什么吗? 先行词前有两数，就用that定无误; 当先行词是基数词或序数词修饰时，只能使用“that”，不用“which”。 例句： That is the second time that I have been to Japan. 那是我去日本的第二次。 The two buildings that lay on the River Thames fell down last week. 坐落在泰晤士河岸边的那两座大楼上星期倒塌了。 先行词前最高级，还用that必无疑; 当先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时，只能使用“that”,不用“which”。 例句：This is the most wonderful time that I have ever had. 这是我度过的最美好的时光。 句中若有there be, that应把which替; 例：There is no evidence that animals possess a mysterious sixth-sense allowing them to pre dict natural disasters. 说动物拥有神秘的第六感，可以预知自然灾害，这是没有根据的。 先行主中做表语，避免重复从句里; 例句：1)This is not the hospital that it used to be.
定语从句中用Which的几种情况 Abstract :Generally, when talking about the differences between “that”and “which”in the Attributive Clauses, teachers like to emphasize the uses of “that”. So most students are familiar with them and know how to use “that”.But many of th e students don’t know the relative pronoun “which” also has many uses .In the past few years, “which”appeared more frequently in NMET than “that”.So in this article , the author mainly show us when to use “which” and give a complete conclusion of “which”. Key words: which 定语从句指代物指代人 通常，在讲定语从句关系代词“that”与“which”的区别时，老师喜欢强调“that”的用法，大部分学生对其比较熟悉，也知道如何使用“that”。然而，关系代词“which”的用法同样比较多。它既可以指物，也可以指人（这一点可能许多同学不太熟悉和了解）：既可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句。近几年来，高考对“which”的考查越来越多。请看下面几个高考题： 1 . The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80%_______ are sold abroad . (2004年辽宁卷, 答案:A .which指代物) A. of which B. which of C. of them D. of that 2 . The journey around the world took the sailor nine months ,________ the sailing time was 226 days .(2004年广西卷,答案A . which 指代物) A. of which B. during which C. from which D. for which 3 . Frank’s dream was to have his own shop ______ to produce the workings of his owm hands. (2005年湖南卷答案：B which 指代物) A. that B. in which C. by which D. on which 4 . The English play _______my students acted at the New Year’s party was great success .(200 5 年全国I卷答案:C which指代物) A. for which B. at which C. in which D. on which 5 . Her sister has become a lawyer , _______ she wanted to be . ( 2005年湖北卷答案D which指代人) A. who B. that C. what D. which 因此，掌握“which”在何种情况下使用是非常有必要的。那么，“which”到底有那些用法呢？笔者在多年的教学实践中将“which”的用法进行了较全面的总结。现将其一些较特殊的和不常见的用法予以展示, 希望可对各位同仁和英语爱好者有所帮助。 一、先行词表物时下列情况只用which;不能用that： 1、在定语从句中,当关系代词紧跟介词,作介词宾语时 Eg：①.The table under which the boy crawled was put up for aution. 男孩在下面爬的那张桌子被拿去拍卖了。 ②.Light is the fast thing in the world , the speed of which is 300,000 kilometers per second. 世界上光的速度是最快的,其速度是每秒三十万公里。 ③.He once participated the investigation the result of which will be soon published. 他参加了结果不久就将公布的那项调查。 另外，还可以在不定式作定语的结构中作介词宾语。此时不定式短语相当于一个定语从句。 Eg : ①. The key with which to open the door has been lost. 开这扇门的钥匙不见了。
关系代词who引导定语从句作句子的主语、宾语。定语从句由关系代词who、whom、whose、which、what、as和关系副词where、when、why等引导。 who的用法 1.who引导的定语从句的先行词是表示人的名词或代词。例如： （1）The student who is answering the question is John. 正在回答问题的那个学生是约翰。 （2）Anybody who breaks the laws will be punished. 任何违反法律的人都将受到惩罚。 2.who是主格，在定语从句中作主语，此时不能省略。例如： （1）The person who was here yesterday is a musician. 昨天来这儿的那个人是位音乐家。 在非正式英语中，who亦可作宾语，且可以省略。例如： （2）The man（who）I saw just now is Mr Li.我刚才见到的那个人是李先生。 3.在定语从句中，who在人称、数上和其前面的先行词保持一致。如： Do you know the boy who is standing over there? 你认识站在那边的那个男孩吗？ 4.若先行词中既有人又有物，关系代词用that而不用who。例如： He watched the children and boxes that filled the car. 他看见了塞满汽车的孩子和箱子。
5.若先行词前面有形容词最高级、序数词修饰，关系代词用that而不用who。例如： （1）Yao Ming is the best basketball player that I know. 姚明是我知道的最好的篮球运动员。 （2）Tom is the first boy that left the room. 汤姆是第一个离开这个房间的男孩。
定语从句中的that和which的区别： that和which在从句里都可以做宾语和主语，做宾语时可以省略。在定语从句中,有种说法叫"关宾省",意思是关系代词在限制性定语从句中作宾语可以省略,不管是that，which，还是whom。但是which能引导非限制性定语从句，that则不行。 只能用that的几种情况： 1. 当先行词为all, much, little, none及由any, every, some, no所构成的复合不定代词时。We should do all that is useful to the people. Please tell me anything that you know about the matter. 2. 当先行词被any, few, little, no, all, much, some等词修饰时。 You can take any seat that is free. There is little work that is fit for you. 3. 当先行词为序数词或被序数词所修饰时。 When people talk about the cities of China, the first that comes to my mind is Beijing. This is the fourth film that has been shown in our school this term. 4. 当先行词为形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。 The best that I could do was to apologize. This is the most interesting story book that I have ever read. 5. 当先行词被the very, the only, the last, the just, the same等修饰时。 This is the very book that I’m looking for. The only thing that we could do was to wait. 注意：先行词被the same修饰时，关系代词也可用as。 I need the same book that / as you have. 6. 当先行词既包含人又包含物时。 They are talking of the heroines and their deeds that interest them. 7. 当先行词是疑问代词who，which，what或主句以这些词开头时。 Who that has ever worked together with him doesn’t admire him? Which is the star that is nearer to the earth？ 8. 当先行词为主句表语或关系代词为从句表语时。 That’s a good book that will help you a lot. Our school is no longer the place that it used to be. 9. 先行词为time时，当time表示次数，引导词用that, 可省略。当表示时间，可用that 或when引导，都可省略。 I do remember the first time(that) I had ever heard the sweetest voice in the world. I did't remember the exact time （when/that）I arrived in Shanghai last month. 只能使用which的情况: 1. 在“介词＋关系代词”结构中，关系代词必须用which。 The house in which we live is very large. This is the reference book（参考书）of which the teacher is speaking. 注意：如果介词不放在修饰事物的限定性定语从句的句首，which就可换为that。 This is the question which/that we’ve had so much discussion about. =This is the question about which we’ve had so much discussion. 2. 先行词为“those＋表事物的复数名词”时，关系代词通常只用which而不用that。 You should grasp well those skills which may be used in the future work.
非限定性定语从句起补充说明作用，缺少也不会影响全句的理解，在非限定性定语从句的前面往往有逗号隔开，如若定语从句有限制性和非限制性两种。限制性定语从句是先行词不可缺少的部分，去掉它主句意思往往不明确；非限制性定语从句是先行词的附加说明，去掉了也不会影响主句的意思，它与主句之间通常用逗号分开，将非限定性定语从句放在句子中间，其前后都需要用逗号隔开。 which引导的非限制性定语从句。 关系代词which在非限制性定语从句中所指代和修饰的可以是主句中的名词、形容词、短语、其他从句或整个主句，在从句中作主语、动词宾语、介词宾语或表语。 ① which指代主句中的名词，被指代的名词包括表示物、婴儿或动物的名词、表示单数意义的集体名词以及表示职业、品格等的名词。 如：These apple trees，which I planted three years ago，have not borne any fruit. 这些苹果树是我三年前栽的，还没有结过果实。 She is an artist，which I am not. 她是一位艺术家，而我不是。 Water，which is a clear liquid，has many uses. 水是一种清澈的液体，有许多用途。 The two policemen were completely trusted，which in fact they were. 那两个警察完全受到信任，事实上，也真是如此。 ② which指代主句中的形容词。 如：She was very patient towards the children，which her husband seldom was. 她对孩子们很耐心，她丈夫却很少这样。 She is always careless，which we should not be. 她总是马虎大意，我们可不应该这样。
who, which引导的定语从句 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。它的作用相当于一个形容词。定语从句通常位于它所修饰的名词或代词之后，这一名词或代词叫先行词，引导定语从句的关联词为关系代词（副词）。这里主要介绍关系代词who与which的用法。 关系代词who（whom）和which均可引导定语从句，who用来指人，而which指物，在从句中充当主语或宾语。请看例句： We shall never forget Mr Li who taught us English in the middle school. 我们永远不会忘记中学时教我们英语的李老师。(who在从句中作主语) The man who(m) you saw last week has left the town. 上周你看见的那个人已离开这个城镇了。（whom也可用who, 在从句中作saw的宾语）【温馨提示】关系代词在从句中作宾语时，常可省略。如： He told a story which moved us deeply. 他讲了一个使我们深受感动的故事。（which在从句中作主语） This is a reason which we must not forget. 这是 （which在从句中作宾语）我们不能忘记的一个原因。
需要指出的是关系代词which和that都可指物，一般情况下可以互换。如： The house which / that you lived in is a very old building. 你住的那个房子是座古老的建筑。 但在下列情况中，通常用which, 不用that。 当先行词有指示代词修饰时。如： The lady did not want that one which smelt terrible. 那位夫人不要气味难闻的那个。 当关系代词前有介词时。如： The room in which my family live used to be a garage.我家住的房间以前是个车库。 当先行词本身为that时。如： That which you told him about is what we want to know. 你告诉他的正是我们想知道的。