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2018初中英语常用词组辨析(30组)

2018初中英语常用词组辨析(30组)
2018初中英语常用词组辨析(30组)

2018初中英语常用词组辨析(30组)

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新一轮中考复习备考周期正式开始,中考网为各位初三考生整理了中考五大必考学科的知识点,主要是对初中三年各学科知识点的梳理和细化,帮助各位考生理清知识脉络,熟悉答题思路,希望各位考生可以在考试中取得优异成绩!下面是《2018初中英语常用词组辨析》,仅供参考!1、Look和See 都是“看”的意思。look是不及物动词,一般单独使用,look at是及物动词,后可接所看的事物,东西,see也是及物动词,后可接所看的人,电影等。如:

a. look一词单独用时,表示“看!”,通常要放在句首。如:

Look! There is a monkey in the tree. 看!树上有一只猴子。

b. look at表示要看具体的内容,如

人或物。如:

Don’t look at me. Look at the blackboard, please. 不要看我,请看黑板。

c. see表示看的结果,即“看到;看见”。如:

Can you see the words on the blackboard? 你能看见黑板上的字吗?

see也用于“看电影”这个词组中,即:see a film

2、Spend take pay

pay 的主语必须是人: pay money for sth. / pay sth.;

spend的主语必须是人: spend money/...for/on sth./ in doing sth. 在......方面花钱或精力;

take 表示做某事花费多少时间, 其主语一般是一件事; 有时也可以是人: It takes/ took sb. some time to do sth. 强调完成动作所花费的时间。

①It takes sb. some time to do sth.

It took him half an hour to finish his homework. 他花了半个小时完成家庭作

业。

②sb. spends some time/money on sth./ doing sth.

I spent thirty yuan on this book. 我三十元买了这本书。

She spent ten minutes getting there. 她10分钟到达那儿。

③sb. pays for sth.

He paid a lot of money for the building. 他买房子花了许多钱。

表“花费”的动词中,还有一个,即cost:

cost 的主语必须是物或事: cost sb. money/life/health/time...;

This coat cost me eighty yuan. 这件上衣花了我80元。

3、on in at

介词at表时间、表地点。

at表示时间,用于钟点前,用于时刻前,译为”在......时”。如:

at three/three o’clock 在三点。

at a quarter to six 六点差一刻。

at noon 在中午,at night 在夜晚,at midnight 在半夜

at breakfast/lunch/supper 在吃早饭/午饭/晚饭时

at this time of day 在每天这个时候

at表示地点,一般用于较小的地名前,译为” 在......”。如:

at home 在家,at the station 在车站

at表示处于......状态,译为”从事于......”。如:

at school 在上学,at work 在工作

【相关链接】at加名词一般可与现在进行时态互换使用,表示正在进行的动作,试比较:They are at work./They are working.

小小介词in,用途却很多。可表时间,表地点,表手段、方法、材料。

in表示时间,用于泛指一天的上午、下午、晚上等;用于某个较长的时间,如年、月、季节等。如:

in the morning/afternoon/evening在

上或晚上,in 2003在2003年,in the day/daytime在白天

【相关链接】in还可以表示”从现在起一段时间以后”。如:

They will see you in a week.他们将在一周后去看你。

另外,in和at都可以表示时间,但in表示较长的时间,而at 表示时间的某一点。例如:

He got up late in the morning and had a meal at noon.他早上起得晚,所以只吃午餐。

in表示地点、场所,译为”在......里”、” 在......中”。如:in the factory 在工厂,in the room 在房间里,in the sun 在阳光下,in the middle of...在......的中央

【相关链接】in和at都可表示地点,而in表示的地点比at所表示的地点大。

in表示用语言,用......材料。译为” 用......,以......方式”。如:in English用英语,in ink用墨水

in表示穿戴的状态,译为”戴着、穿

着”。如:in the white shirt穿着白色的衬衫,in the cap戴着帽子

【相关链接】in表示”穿着”是介词,指状态,同wear 一样。in后接表示服装类的名词或表示颜色的词。如:

Kate is in a red skirt./Kate wears a red skirt.凯特穿着红裙子。

介词on表示时间、地点、方位等。

on表示时间,用于星期、日期。如:on Sunday/Sundays,on Monday morning/afternoon/evening等。

on也用于某一日的名词前,用于公共节假日前。如:

On New Year’s Day 在元旦,on Children’s Day 在儿童节等。

on表示地点、位置,有”在......旁”、”接近”、”靠近”之意。如:

a house on the main road 临大街的房子,sit on my right 坐在我的右边on表示状态,译为”处于......情况中,从事于......”等。如:

on duty 值日,on holiday 度假

on表示”在......上面”,用在表示物体的名词前。如:

on the box 在盒子上

【相关链接】on和over都是介词,on表示”在...... 上面”,指一物体与另一物体表面相接触;over表示”在......上方”,指一物体与另一物体不接触。试比较:There is a light on the desk.桌子上有盏台灯。

There is a light over the desk.桌子上方有一盏灯。

【特别提示】表示”在......上”,介词on与in必须注意习惯用法,否则会出错。不妨比较一番:

on the tree/in the tree都译为”......在树上”。前者表示树上本身所长着的叶子、花、果实等;后者表示某物或某人在树上。

on the wall/in the wall都译为”在墙上”。由于介词不同,在使用上有区别。图画、黑板、风筝等”在墙上”,是因为

它们在墙的表面上,故用on the wall;门窗、钉子、洞、孔等”在墙上”,是因为它们在墙的里面,故用in the wall。

4、clothes和clothing

clothes泛指服装,包括上、下装,内、外衣

clothing 是衣着的总称,无复数形式,如:man’’s clothing

5、 a bit与a little

a bit和a little

a bit和a little都有“一点、少许”之意。两进用作名词时,不能直接跟名词或代词,而必须用介of连接。如:

Well, Mrs Green, may be he has caught a bit of cold.

There’s a little time left. 还剩一点儿时间。

She knows a bit of English. 她懂一点儿英语。

a bit 和a little也可用作副词,后面跟形容词或副词。如:

The jacket is a bit large. 这件夹克

有点大。

That’s a bit expensive. Can I try them on, please?

He ran a little faster than me. 他跑得比我快一点。

little还可用作形容词,表示“小的”、“几乎没有”。如:a little girl、a little water

注意:not a little 和not a bit的意思完全不同,前者是“许多、很”,后者是“一点儿也不”、“毫不”。试对比:

It’s not a bit cold. 天一点儿也不冷。

It’s not a little cold. 天很冷。

6、everyday和every day

Everyday是形容词,意思是“日常用的”;every day“每天”是句词短语作状语。例如:

You must pay attention to your____English.

day’s ’s day

7、have to和must

首先,两者都可译为“应该”或“必

须”,都是情态助动词,这是它们的共同之处;但在用法上有以下重要区别:

⑴have to表示客观条件决定不得不做某事语气较弱;must表示说话人主观的看法,语气较强。

例如:

Do I have to say the words? 我必须说这些话吗?

You must work hard at English. 你必须努力学习英语。

⑵must 只有一种形式,而have to 有人称、数和时态的形式变化。

例如:

She has to go to school earlier. 她应当早一点儿上学。

I’’ll have to write to him this evening. 今晚我必须给他写信。

He had to look after his sister yesterday.

8、question和problem

problem与question都作”问题”解,但problem的问题,亦即”难题”需要著于

解决;question的问题则需要”回答”;problem通常与动词pose,present,solve,tackle,settle等连用;question常与动词answer,ask,raise等连用。例如:

What’’s the problem?

到底是什么问题。

What’’s the question? 你问的是什么问题?

9、near beside

near表示相对的“近”,实际距离可能还很远。例如:

Suzhou is near Shanghai.

There is a post office near our school.

beside表示“靠近”,实际距离不可能很远,例如:

He was sitting beside her.

10、past pass

pass, past这两个词不是同义词,也不是近义词,但初学者容易用错。pass 是动词,而past是介词,有时用作形容词或名词。当pass用作动词和past用作

介词时,它们都有“过去”和“经过”的意思,这里主要讨论它们这种含义上的用法差别。

Three months passed and then one morning, Sam found his wallet outside his front door.

三个月过去了,后来有一天上午,山姆在自己前门的外面发现了自己的钱包。

After they passed the forest, they came to a river. 他们穿过那个树林后,便来到一条河边。

I go past the post-office every day.我每天都从邮局经过。

It’s two minutes past twelve. 现在是十二点过两分。

注:past用作形容词,是“过去的”意思,用作名词是“过去”的意思

The past year was full of troubles. 过去的一年充满着困难。

We knew nothing of his past.关于他的过去情况我们一无所知。

11、die dead dealth

die死亡,如:

He died yesterday.

death 死亡;逝世

The death of her mother was sudden. 她母亲的死很突然。

2.死因

The accident was the death of him. 他因意外事故而死。

dead adj.

1.死亡的;无生命的

My father has been dead for ten years. 我父亲已经去世十年了。

2. 无感觉的;无生气的;麻木的

If your fingers get very cold, they feel dead. 你的手指如果冷得过分,它们会失去知觉。

3.不再使用的

a dead language 已经死亡了的文字

4.失灵的;用完的; 不发挥作用的

The television’s been dead since the storm. 暴风雨过后那台电视机就坏了。

12、large和big

large 侧重表示三维量值,强调体积,修饰人时指个子大。此外它也可以表示范围,能力和数量方面的大

Do you want the large size, or the small size? 你是要大号的还是要小号的?

big 也可以表示体积大,但不同于large。比方,a large box 只说明箱子大,但未必重,而 a big box 不仅体积大而且含义此箱子很重。此外,big还含义给人以深刻的印象,有时含有“重要”的意思。因此可以用big来修饰problem,但不能用large,a big person 未必large,相反a large person未必big

On the last day I made a big decision. 在最后一天,我作了一项重大的决定。

He is working for a big firm. 他现在为一家大商行工作。

13、in和into

in意为“在…内”,是表示静态的介词,into意为“进… 里”,是表示动态的

复合介词。例如:

She is walking in the room.她正在房间里踱来踱去。

She walked into the room. 她走进了房间。

在put, throw, break, lay, fall等动词之后,既可以用in,也可以用into,这时in也表示动态,常含有into的意思。例如:

He put all the books in/into the bag.他把所有的书都放进书包里。

In 可以作副词,into不可。例如:Come in! 进来!

14、past pass across cross

pass动词,”经过;穿过;通过;度过;传递”,在句中通常作谓语。例如:This information will never pass my lips.我决不泄漏这个消息。

Please pass me the ruler. 请把尺子递给我。

past是pass的过去分词。用于构成完成时态。

past介词,“过;超过”。例如:

at half past seven在七点半

Our bus drove past the Great Hall of the People. 我们乘的公共汽车开过人民大会堂。

across介词,“横过;穿过;在……的另一边”,指从一边到另一边,在句中作状语。例如:

Let’s help push the cart across the bridge. 我们帮着把车子推过桥吧。

The post office is just across the street.邮局就在马路对过。

副词,“横过;穿过;从一边到另一边;交叉;横;阔”。例如:

The river is 400 metres across.河宽有四百米。

cross 动词,“越过;穿过;渡过;使交叉/相交;”在句中可以作谓语。例如:The red army crossed the snow mountains and the marshy grasslands.

红军爬雪山,过草地。

You may cross to the other side of the

street by subway.

你可以从地道过街。

名词,“十字形;”例如:the Red Cross 红十字会

15、or和and

or和and都有“和,还有,跟…”之义,但and用于肯定句中,而or用在选择疑问句或否定句中,如:

Tom and John are both my friends.

Shall we meet this afternoon or tomorrow?

or常译作“或者”,另外还有“否则”之义,而and没有,如:

Hurry up,or you’ll be late.

16、street way road route

road意为“路”,“道路”,指供车辆或行人通过的大道,两侧一般没有房子。如:The car is running along the road.汽车沿路行驶。

Street意为“街道”,指城镇、乡村任何两旁有房子的路。“在街上”可以说on the street,也可以说in the street,前者是美

国英语,后者是英国英语。说“在…第几号”要用介词at,如:There are many shops in the street.街上有许多商店。

Way意为“道路”,指street, road或任何可以通行的路,含义较抽象。口语中问路时常用way。way还可指路程距离。如:

I asked the way to the station. 我打听去车站的路。

It was a long way from here.路很远。

route的含义是“路线”,通常是迂回的,可以包括数条道路或街道,有时甚至包括小路、小巷。使用范围也较广。如:登山运动员所攀登的路线,实际上不是路;其它方面,如公共汽车所行经的“路线”,邮递员发送邮件的“路线”等That postman is in charge of this route.那个邮递员负责这条投递线路。

This bus route covers a large number of streets.这路公共汽车行经许多街道。

17、”as well as” “as well” “and”

as well,同too, also,其反义词为

either,用于肯定句句尾,表“也,又;同样;又;而且:He is a scientist, but he is a poet as well.他是科学家,而且又是诗人。

as well as用于肯定句中,起连接作用,同not only…but also,反义词为neither…nor…,表“既…又…;不仅…而且…”;也:He gave me clothes as well as food.他既给我食物,又给我衣服。

and与二者的区别较大,and虽也是连词,但表“和,与,同时”,表示并列或对称的关系,用来连接词、短语或句子:father and son父子;He and I are friends.他和我是朋友。

18、talk speak tell

tell“告诉,请传达某事给某人”

如:Tell him to wait. 叫他等着。

speak 着重“讲话这一动作本身, 既可指系统的长篇讲话, 又可指简单的开口发音, 但不一定有人在听所说的话”, 如:The baby is learning to speak.那个婴儿在学说话。

talk侧重“与人交谈时的连贯说话”,

如:

I’m talking to a friend.我正与朋友谈话。

此句意为:我可以和安说话吗?speak to sb.与…说话;talk to sb.与…谈话

19、go on to do 和go on doing

go on to do 指做完了一件事,再去做另一件事,而go on doing sth. 指一直在做同一件事,如:

1、After he finished reading the text, he went on to do his homework.

2、From 6 to 9 this morning, Tom went on writing a short passage.

第一句:读完课文,又去做作业。

第二句,从6点到9点,一直在写小短文。

20、比较级形容词或副词+ than 。

例如:

You are taller than I. 你比我高。

They lights in your room are brighter than those in mine.你房间的那些灯比我房间里的亮。

初中英语词汇辨析的分类汇编含答案

一、选择题 1.—Billy, you are very confident all the time, how do you make it? —I think confidence is more than just an attitude, it comes from a strong ________ to take responsibility rather than just let life happen. A.present B.care C.promise D.protect 2.We’d better finish our work ________ one go. Don’t put it off till next time. A.in B.to C.on D.for 3.Many people think Erquan rngyue is too sad, _____________ it's my favorite. A.and B.so C.or D.but 4.That path ________ directly to my house.You won't miss it. A.leads B.forms C.repairs D.controls 5.— Sorry, I can't afford to go abroad. — What about having a country travel with a little________ price? A.cheaper B.higher C.lower D.less 6.When you are________, you should listen to music to cheer you up. A.shy B.afraid C.strict D.down 7.Wang Dong didn't go to school yesterday ________ he was ill. A.so B.if C.because 8.He ________all the “No Smoking” signs and lit up a cigarette. A.requested B.attacked C.protected D.ignored 9.The next Olympic Games will be held in Japan________ 27th July 2020. A.on B.in C.at D.of 10.— Is your home close to the school, Tom? — No, it's a long way, but I am________ late for school because I get up early daily. A.always B.usually C.never D.sometimes 11.Is this a photo of your son? He looks________ in the blue T-shirt. A.lovely B.quietly C.beautiful D.happily 12.Remember to return the book to the school library in time, ________ you will be fined(罚款). A.or B.and C.but D.so 13.—Hardly any people believe that a(n) ________ meeting will lead to a lasting love. —I agree. A.familiar B.distant C.accidental D.present 14.—Do you like English? —Yes, I think it is difficult ________ interesting. A.and B.but C.because 15.Your advice is very________to me. I’m sure our activity will be more meaningful. A.terrible B.comfortable C.impossible D.valuable

初中英语词组固定搭配大全

初中英语固定搭配总结大全 一. 词汇 ⑴单词 1. 介词:in, on, under, behind, near, at, of 1). in表示"在……中","在……内"。例如: in our class 在我们班上 in my bag 在我的书包里 in the desk 在桌子里 in the classroom 在教室里 2). on 表示"在……上"。例如: on the wall 在墙上 on the desk 在桌子上 on the blackboard 在黑板上 3). under表示"在……下"。例如: under the tree 在树下 under the chair 在椅子下 under the bed 在床下 4). behind表示"在……后面"。例如: behind the door 在门后 behind the tree 在树后 5). near表示"在……附近"。例如: near the teacher's desk 在讲桌附近 near the bed 在床附近 6). at表示"在……处"。例如: at school 在学校 at home 在家 at the door 在门口 7). of 表示"……的"。例如: a picture of our classroom 我们教室的一幅画 a map of China 一张中国地图 2. 冠词a / an / the: 冠词一般位于所限定的名词前,用来署名名词所指的人或事物。冠词有不定冠词和定冠词两种。不定冠词有两个形式,即a和an。a用在以辅音音素开头的词前,如a book; an用在以元音音素开头的字母前,如an apple. a或an与可数名词单数连用,泛指某类人或某物中的一个。 This is a cat. 这是一只猫。

最新初中英语词汇辨析的专项训练(1)

一、选择题 1.—Hardly any people believe that a(n) ________ meeting will lead to a lasting love. —I agree. A.familiar B.distant C.accidental D.present 2.In modern life, shopping online is________ used by many people, especially for teenagers. A.exactly B.badly C.heavily D.widely 3.—Oh, my God! I have ________ five pounds after the Spring Festival. —All of the girls want to lose weight, but easier said than done. A.given up B.put on C.got on D.grown up 4.That path ________ directly to my house.You won't miss it. A.leads B.forms C.repairs D.controls 5.I don’t want to go. __________, I am too tired. A.However B.And C.Besides D.But 6.My sister Nancy often gets lost because of her bad _____ of direction. A.sense B.feeling C.experience D.information 7.People who always do sports are in spirits than those who don't. A.high B.higher C.tall D.taller 8.He is wearing his sunglasses to himself from the strong sunlight. A.prevent B.stop C.keep D.protect 9.He can’t wait to get a ticket to the movie, so he________ for it yesterday. A.spent B.paid C.took D.cost 10.Mr. Smith gave us some________on how to improve our speaking skills. A.advice B.news C.knowledge D.information 11.Kangkang gets up early every day and he is ________ late for school. A.sometimes B.often C.never D.usually 12.Remember to return the book to the school library in time, ________ you will be fined(罚款). A.or B.and C.but D.so 13.—Do you know what the meeting is about? —Yes, of course. It will ________ some important rules we need to know about our new senior high school. A.talk B.achieve C.memorize D.cover 14.—Bill, do you like________? —Yes. They’re healthy. A.ice-cream B.carrots C.salad 15.He wrote his phone number ________ a piece paper. A.on B.for C.in D.from 16.Maria ________ speaks Chinese be cause she doesn’t know much Chinese.

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初中英语同义词辨析

初中英语同义词辨析 英语学习过程中经常遇到同义、近义词的辨析,这是英语学习的难点之一,也是中考考点之一,现在把自己整理的一些初中常见的同义近义词的辨析放在这里,和朋友们交流,也供学生朋友选择学习。1、talk tell speak say speak 和talk 通常用作不及物动词,都有“说话”之意。在会议上发言用speak,名词为speech; 随便漫谈用talk,其名词还是talk; tell表示“讲述”或“告诉”; say表示“说”;例如: can we speak about plans for the holidays? 我们谈谈假期的打算好吗? the patient is too weak to speak. 病人太衰弱了,不能说话。 my father was talking with my teacher when i got home yesterday。昨天我到家时我父亲正在和我的老师谈话。 i always tell my daughter a story before she goes to sleep. 女儿睡觉之前,我总讲故事给她听。 it‘s impossible to tell who will win the next election. 下届选举谁能获胜无法预知。 she said nothing to me about it.

关于这一点,她什么也没有对我讲。 *speak 当及物动词用时,宾语一般是语言或词语之类的词。如: does anyone speak english here? 这儿有人会说英语吗? 2、good well nice good 形容词,好的,合适的,新鲜的,擅长的。 well 作形容词时,指"(身体)健康的”;还可用作副词,修饰动词。nice形容词,美好的,令人愉快的,可爱的,特指取悦感官的事物。she is good at english.她擅长英语。 this cake tastes good.这蛋糕好吃。 his mother is very well.他妈妈很健康。 she is a nice little girl.她是个可爱的小姑娘。 3、look see watch read 看 look通常为不及物动词,强调“看”的动作,指“认真看”,强调看的对象时,后须接介词at才能带宾语,即look at。 see是及物动词侧重于看的结果“看见,看到” watch 作动词,意为“观看,注视”,多指观看运动着的事物,如电视、比赛、表演等。 read 主要强调“读,阅读,朗读”,汉语中常译成“看”,多指看书、报、杂志。 look!the man is coming!看!那个男的来了。 look at the map .看这张地图。 can you see the dog over there?你能看见那儿的狗吗?

初中英语词汇辨析的分类汇编附解析

一、选择题 1.hard work, I'm sure you can turn yourself into a more successful man. A.By B.Through C.From D.Without 2.—Oh, my God! I have ________ five pounds after the Spring Festival. —All of the girls want to lose weight, but easier said than done. A.given up B.put on C.got on D.grown up 3.Gina didn’t study medicine. ________, she decided to become an actor. A.Instead B.Again C.Anyway D.Also 4.Her only problem, ________ you can call it a problem, is that she expects to be successful all the time. A.if B.because C.though D.since 5.Mr. Smith gave us some________on how to improve our speaking skills. A.advice B.news C.knowledge D.information 6.More and more people have realized that clear waters and green mountains are as ________ as mountain of gold and silver. A.central B.harmful C.valuable D.careful 7.—Can you ________ some of the famous tourist attractions in Paris? —Sure. There is Notre Dame, the Eiffel Tower, the Louvre, etc. A.call B.tell C.name D.talk 8.The next Olympic Games will be held in Japan________ 27th July 2020. A.on B.in C.at D.of 9.— Is your home close to the school, Tom? — No, it's a long way, but I am________ late for school because I get up early daily. A.always B.usually C.never D.sometimes 10.—Do you know what the meeting is about? —Yes, of course. It will ________ some important rules we need to know about our new senior high school. A.talk B.achieve C.memorize D.cover 11.—Hardly any people believe that a(n) ________ meeting will lead to a lasting love. —I agree. A.familiar B.distant C.accidental D.present 12.My email ________ to you last night. Have you received it ________? A.sent; too B.is sent; already C.was sent; yet D.was sent; either 13.—Dad, are you ________this afternoon? —Yes, I have no time to play with you, Mary. A.late B.free C.busy D.happy

初中英语 动词短语 辨析 练习

初中英语动词短语辨析练习 1、Would you please _____the posters _____? They are not allowed to be here. A. put…off B. take…off C. put…on D. take…down 2、---She devoted as much time as she could _____________patients. ---So she did. A. help B. helped C. helping D. to helping 3、—Can you help me______ the information about game shows on the Internet? —Sure. A.look for B.find C.find out D.watch 4、—We've been trying hard,but can't solve the problem. —I think you can__ __ it in another way. A.share with B.deal with C.keep up with D.point out with 5、Dictionary is a good teacher. You’d better_______ the new words in a dictionary instead of keeping asking others. A. put up B. wake up C. set up D. look up 6、My husband_____send me flowers every week before we got married. But now he never dows. A.should https://www.doczj.com/doc/8d1937096.html,ed to C. was going to D. was afraid to 7、He ___ . Maybe there’s something wrong with his throat. A. have a backache B. has a sore throat C. had a headache 8、Peel the potatoes first ,then_____ A . cut up it B . cut it up C . cut them up D . cut up them 9、Lily did all kinds of things to make the baby ________. A to stop crying B .to stop to cry C .stop to cry D. stop crying 10、We have tried to ______,but she always looks unhappy. A.laugh at her B.cheer her up C.make fun of her 11、Three years goes by. Great changes have ________ in my school. A. happened B. taken place C. been taken place D. been happened 12、We tried to find a table for our family, but they were all ______. A. given away B. used up C. kept away D. taken up 13、–Where is Ted? I can’t find him these days. --He has ____ on a journey round China. A. got off B. taken off C. set off D. paid off 14、Last night his house after a heavy rain. A. falls down B.fell down C.felt down D.feels down 15、If farmers _______the land, the animals won’t have any places to live in. A. took away B. put up C. took off D. put on 16、He left the job in the city to ________ farming in the countryside. A.take up B.grow up C.make up D.get up 17、Though he ________, he still ________his theory. A. has laughed; stuck to B. was laughed at; was stuck to C. was laughed; was stuck to D. was laughed at; stuck to 18、She ________seeing a dead dog.

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