英语专业大三下学期翻译课期末考复习重点

选词填空1)From her accent I guess she's from the Northeast.2)It was very clever of her to turn his argument against himself.3)I found a couple nf shoes under the bed but they don't make a pair.4)Dr. Bright always takes his time as he examines his patients and treats them with extreme care.5)British companies are trying to avoid the fate their American counterparts have already suffered.6)Wilfred\ remarks confined me in my opinion that he was an honorable(诚实的)young man.7)The key witness for the prosecution(原告方)was offered police protection after she received deaththreats.8)I thought that was the end of the matter but subsequent events proved me wrong.9)Having practiced for so long, the New York baseball team stood a chance of winning the WorldSeries (美国职业棒球大赛)this year.10)At the trial, Bob's teacher, who was called as a character witness, said he was a quiet boy who hadnever been in trouble before.翻译1.发言人明确表示总统在任何情况下都不会取消这次旅行。

大学英语笔译知识点总结一、英汉互译中的困难及解决方法1、语法结构的差异英汉语法结构有相当的不同之处。

在英语中，形容词和副词通常放在名词和动词之前，而在汉语中，一般由形容词和副词放在名词和动词之后。

此外，在英语中定语从句和状语从句通常出现在句子的末尾，而汉语中则通常出现在句子的前面。

要解决这一问题，译者需要对英语和汉语的语法结构有深入的了解，并在翻译时进行灵活运用，确保句子通顺、符合习惯表达的方式。

2、词汇的差异英语和汉语词汇的差异主要表现在词义、词性以及搭配上。

在翻译时，译者需要充分了解英语和汉语词汇的特点和用法，并在翻译时进行合理的转换和调整。

需要注意的是，有些英语词汇在汉语中没有直接对应的词，译者需要结合上下文和情境来进行合适的译文转换。

3、句式结构的差异英语和汉语在句式结构上也存在一定的差异。

在英语中，一般采用主谓宾的句式结构，而在汉语中则采用主谓宾或主谓双宾的结构。

在翻译时，译者需要根据原文的句式结构和语义意义进行合理的转换和调整，确保译文能够准确传达原文的信息。

二、英语笔译中的常用技巧1、逐词逐句翻译逐词逐句翻译是英语笔译中常用的一种技巧。

它要求译者尽量忠实地将原文的词语和句子逐词逐句地翻译成目标语言。

这种技巧适用于对原文内容理解透彻、熟悉目标语言表达方式、能够保持句子流畅性的情况下，能够有效地保持原文的语言风格和内容特点。

2、意译意译是英语笔译中常用的一种技巧。

它是指译者在翻译时，根据原文的含义和情感色彩，采用适当的语言表达方式，将原文的意义传达到目标语言中。

这种技巧适用于原文与目标语言在语言结构、语境和习惯表达方式上存在较大差异的情况下，能够有效传达原文的信息和意思。

3、借位翻译借位翻译是英语笔译中常用的一种技巧。

它是指译者在翻译时，根据原文的内容和情境，选择适当的词语和表达方式，灵活运用目标语言的表达方式，将原文的意义传达到目标语言中。

借位翻译适用于原文与目标语言在语言结构、文化背景、表达方式上存在较大差异的情况下，能够有效传达原文的信息和意思。

4.迪士尼世界：后现代的乌托邦城市迪斯尼世界的本质是什么？这个答案多半体现在迪斯尼为游客创造幻觉的努力上，这一幻觉使游客觉得自己进入了一个更符合他们渴望的完美世界。

迪斯尼世界用各种各样的方式创造了这个完美世界。

例如，它鼓励游客以一个孩子的眼光去看待这个乐园，并把自己定义为一个“给生活带来梦想”的地方。

然而最根本的却是，它只是创造了一个完美世界的虚构版本。

在这个世界，迪斯尼引导游客逃脱来自现实生活中的束缚；在这个世界，游客不再受时间，距离，体积和现实法则的约束。

在五花八门的游乐区中，游客似乎脱离了人体以及人体的遗传基因；他们穿梭于过去与未来中，离开了地球。

在惊险的游乐项目中，他们不遵循万有引力定律，以一种不符常理的速度和方式移动着。

迪斯尼世界还怂恿游客逃避社会和自我的堕落状态。

它创造了美国资本主义制度和政治历史的理想化幻象；它把游客拖入到永久庆典的世界中----一个满是游行队伍、焰火，盛装的表演者以及无尽的享乐诱惑的世界。

游客仿佛加入了一个永无止境的假期中，生活中的负面情绪也都被抛之脑后。

显然，当你把所有这些都联系在一起，就可了解到，迪斯尼世界只是帮助游客以一种虚构的方式实现人类最大的梦想：超越。

在迪斯尼世界，我们超越了平凡。

它取代了我们自己所在的世界----在现实世界，多数机遇与我们擦肩而过，多数人隐藏自己的动机；而在迪斯尼，我们游历在象征世界：这个世界客观、具体，却似乎没有压力、无忧无虑，异常精彩，正如幻想一般。

就是这样，迪斯尼摆脱了当代社会枯燥的“科学主义”世界观。

德国社会学家马克思韦伯曾经说过，在当今社会，随着科学地位的上升和宗教影响的减弱，我们正在见证世界的觉醒。

仿真文化的产物，例如迪斯尼世界，似乎正在随着一种新的承诺而重获魅力：利用太空飞行，外星人，时光穿梭和失落世界的各种神话，艺术和科技可以将我们的世界创造成最新版的当代爱情故事。

但迪斯尼世界并不只提供客观化幻象。

借助仿真的力量，它也向我们展示了，科技是如何赋予我们不受世界控制的力量和自由的。

“翻译是艺术的高级形式。

绘画必须栩栩如生，跃然纸上；音乐必须抑扬顿挫，富有旋律；雕刻必须精镂细刻，曲尽其妙。

而翻译既需要绘画之真实，又需要音乐之旋律，更需要雕刻之匠心。

这不是技术，而是艺术，而是精湛的综合性艺术。

”----莫里逊（morrison）（一）翻译的人物言论1.翻译简史东汉安世高，大规模从事译经活动唐代佛经翻译，鼎盛北宋衰落2.三大翻译家：①鸠摩罗什，印度，对翻译方法及理论有深入的研究，提倡译者署名以负文责。

最早提出了如何表现原文文体与语趣的重要问题。

“鸠摩罗什者，译界第一流宗匠也”----梁启超②真谛，西印度，译了49部经论，其中《摄大乘论》影响较大。

③玄奘，贞观时期，梵译汉，汉（老子著作的一部分）译梵，是第一个向国外介绍汉文著作的中国人。

其译场比以前要健全和严密得多，译经质量也很高。

“五不翻”指译音不译意。

指不翻神秘语、多义词、中国没有的物名、久以通行的音译、宣扬佛教的用语。

3.道安，东晋，“五失本，三不易”。

4.慧远，东晋，“简繁理秽，以详其中”。

5.彦琮，隋初，《辩证论》：“八备说”。

6.林纾（琴南），清末，不懂外语，与人合作共译180余中西洋小说。

7.严复，清末，明确提出翻译标准的第一人。

在《天演论》卷首的《译例言》中提出“信达雅”的翻译标准。

“译事三难：求其信，已大难已。

顾信矣不达，虽译尤不译也，则达尚焉。

海通以来，象寄之才，随地多有；而任取一书，责其能与于斯二矣，则已寡矣。

其故在浅尝，一也；偏至，二也；辨之者少，三也。

”8.矛盾：“直译”、“神韵”。

9.朱自清：“译诗”。

10.郭沫若：“媒婆”论、“风韵”论。

11.瞿秋白：翻译必须“非常忠实”，追求“精确”；“语言”与“言语”的异同。

I．Explain the following sentences in your own words, bringing out any implied meanings.（20*2’=40’）II．Translate the following sentences into Chinese. （10*2’=20’）III．Point out what figure of speech is used in each of the following sentences.（5*2’=10’）IV．Find explanations of the italicized words in each sentence from the list that followed (A to J) and put the right letter in the bracket before each sentence（10*1’=10’）V．Read the following two passages and choose the best answer to each question. Put the answers in the following two forms.（10*2’=20’）Lesson one Pub Talk and the King’s English1.And it is an activity only of humans.And conversation is an activity which is found only among human beings.2.Conversation is not for making a point.Conversation is not for persuading others to accept our idea or point of view.In a conversation we should not try to establish the force of an idea or argument.3.In fact,the best conversationalists are those who are prepared to lose.In fact a person who really enjoys and is skilled at conversation will not argue to win or force others to accept his point of view.4.Bar friends are not deeply involved in each other’s lives.People who meet each other for a drink in the bar of a pub are not intimate friends for they are not deeply absorbed or engrossed in each other’s lives.5….it could still go ignorantly on.The conversation could go on without anybody knowing who was right or wrong.6.They are cattle in the fields,but we sit down to beef(boeuf).These animals are called cattle when they are alive and feeding in the fields;but when we sit down at the table to eat,we call their meat beef.7.The new ruling class had built a cultural barrier against him by building their French against his own language.The new ruling class by using French instead of English made it difficult for the English to accept or absorb the culture of the rulers.8….English had come royally into its own.The English language received proper recognition and was used by the king once more.9.The phrase has always been used a little pejoratively and even facetiously by the lower classes. The phrase,the King’s English,has always been used disparagingly and jokingly by the lower classes.The working people very often make fun of the proper and formal language of the educated people.10.The rebellion against a cultural dominance is still there.There still exists in the working people,as in the early Saxon peasants,a spirit of opposition to the cultural authority of the ruling class.11.There is always a great danger,as Carlyle put it,that”words will harden into things for us.”There is always a great danger that we might forget that words are only symbols and take them for things they are supposed to represent.1….their marriage may be on the rocks…On the rocks:(colloquial) in or into a condition of ruin or catastrophe.2….they got out of bed on the wrong side…Get out of bed on the wrong side:to be cross or in a bad temper for the day.3.The conversation was on wings.On wings (on the wing): flying or while flying;in motion or while moving or traveling.4….the Norman lords of course turned up their noses at it.Turn up one’s nose at:sneer at,scorn.5…we ought to think ourselves back into the shoes of the Saxon peasant.In another’s shoes: in another’s position.6….English had come royally into its own.Come into its own:to receive what properly belongs to one,especially acclaim or recognition.7….we sit up at the vividness of the phrase…Sit up at:(colloquial) to become suddenly alert.1.However intricate the ways in which animals communicate with each other,they do not indulge in anything that deserves the name of conversation.动物之间的信息交流，不论其方式何等复杂，也称不上谈话。

翻译练习9---14参考1、A) She doesn’t wea r her usual lipstick but wears some perfume today.抹口红B) She wears a white dress, an orchid corsage, and a rather lovely, awkward smile.她身穿白色连衣裙，胸前佩戴着淡紫色胸花，脸上露出一丝可爱羞涩的笑容。

C) She wears a permanent smile.她脸上始终带着微笑D) She wears the slimness of her mother. 和她母亲一样苗条E) She really wears her years well. 她保养得非常好.A)我很荣幸代表中国政府和人民向各位外来使节表示热烈欢迎。

I feel honored to express this warm welcome on behalf of Chinese government and people to distinguished diplomatic envoys.B)我以能在此设宴各位贵宾而深感荣幸和愉快。

It is my privilege and great pleasure to host this banquet in honor of all distinguished guests.C)请允许我请各位与我一起举杯，为我们两国的友谊和合作干杯！May I ask you to join me in a toast to the friendship and cooperation between our two countries.A、请问您是来自加拿大的史密斯先生吗？Excuse me, are you Mr. Smith from Canada?A、久闻先生大名，我是加中贸易理事会上海办事处代表。

新视野大学英语3翻译教程期末复习总结
本文档旨在针对新视野大学英语3翻译教程进行期末复总结。

以下是一些重要的复要点：
1. 词汇复
- 复和记忆教材中出现的重要词汇和短语。

- 尝试使用这些词汇和短语构建句子，并思考它们在不同语境中的用法。

2. 句子翻译练
- 针对教材中的例句，尝试理解并翻译这些句子。

- 注重句子结构和语法规则的应用。

3. 文章翻译训练
- 阅读一些英语文章，并尝试将其翻译成中文。

- 关注文章的整体结构、段落之间的连接以及主题句和支持句
的运用。

4. 短文翻译练
- 练将一些短文翻译成中文，注重准确传达原文的意思和信息。

5. 多媒体资源利用
- 利用网络资源、教学视频或录音等多媒体资源来提高听力和
口语能力。

- 尝试听写、模仿和朗读英语材料，提升发音和语感。

6. 与他人合作研究
- 与同学或老师一起进行翻译练和讨论，互相纠正语言错误和
提供反馈。

- 利用互助研究的方式，相互激励和鼓励。

7. 注意复策略
- 制定复计划，合理安排时间和内容，确保全面复。

- 将重点放在理解和应用上，而不仅仅是死记硬背。

- 多做练题，检验自己的理解和掌握程度。

这些是新视野大学英语3翻译教程期末复习的一些要点和策略。

希望能够帮助你进行有针对性的复习，并取得好成绩。

加油！。

1. 直译法(1) 英译按原文的字面翻译, 其比喻意义同原文一样生动, 译文使读者能很快联想起英文中的对等成语. 如:竭泽而渔 to drain a pond to catch all the fish (相当于 kill the goose that lays the golden eggs)2) 打草惊蛇 to stir up the grass and alert the snake (相当于 wake a sleeping dog)3)易如反掌 to be as easy a s turning over one’s hand (相当于as easy as falling off a log)4) 玩火自焚 to get burnt by the fire kindled by oneself (相当于fry in one’s own grease)5)掌上明珠 a pearl in the palm (相当于the apple of one’s eye)6)对牛弹琴 to play the lute to a cow (相当于 cast pearls before swine)7)守口如瓶to keep one’s mouth closed like a bottle (相当于 keep a still tongue in one’s head)8) 雪中送炭to send charcoal in snowy weather (相当于help a lame dog over a stile)9) 画蛇添足 to draw a snake and add feet to it (相当于 paint the lily)(2) 不少汉语成语不一定有非常对等的英语成语, 但它们的字面翻译也能使译文读者得到正确无误的形象意义. 如:1) 声东击西 to shout in the east and strike in the west2) 刻骨铭心to be engraved on one’s heart and bones3)井底之蛙to be like a frog at the bottom of a well4)调虎离山to lure the tiger from the mountain5)口蜜腹剑 to be honey-mouthed and dagger-hearted2. 意译法如：手忙脚乱 in a frantic rush 立竿见影get instant results它虽难以保全成语的文化特色和具体形象，却能简洁明快的反应出成语的喻义。

单词填空30*1单词填空30*1Might n. 强大力量 mighty adj.强而有力的，巨大的mightily adv. 很，非常，极其努力的，全力以赴的Conceive想出conceivable a. 可想象的自信的 conceit n. 自负conceited a. 自负的Dismiss v. 不予考虑，去除消除，开除免职，离开，驳回 dismissal n.解除开除驳回不予理会dissmisive a. 轻蔑的Destroy v. distroyer n. distruction n.破坏 destructive a.毁灭性的Politics n. polity n. politicly adv. 精明地politicking n. 政治活动Animate v.使具有活力使生机勃勃animated a. 兴奋的活跃的animation n.生气活力富有生命力animatedly adv.热烈的inanimate v. 无生命Distinguished a. 卓越的杰出的distinguish v. 区别distinguishing a.有区别的（un）distinguishable （不）可区别的Deliver v. 传送；发表；履行诺言；生孩子；投掷；解救delivery n.传送；交付；递送；难产deliverance n.解脱Composed a.镇静的compose v.组成构成使平静创作decompose v.分解decomposed a. 已腐烂的Cow n.奶牛v.威胁恐吓 co wer v.畏缩Dominate v.支配分解；俯视高耸于；占有优势domination n. 政治上的统治predominate 支配；主宰；占优势predominance n. 优势Resolve解决决定resolved a.下定决心的resolution n. 决议，解决，决心resolute a.坚决的Style * styleless a.少风格 stylelessness n.风格时尚 styler n.时装设计师Class classic a.经典的，优秀的 classfy v.分类 classified a.机密的 classification n.分类 classifiable a.可分类的home homelike a,舒适的自在的mercy merciless 残忍的extend v.扩展扩大extendability n.扩展性extendable a.可延长的可伸展的ex t en dibility n.数可扩展性 extendible a.可伸长的ear long-eared a. 愚蠢的固执的 earless a.无穗的，听觉不好的earnest a.认真的cook cooks the book, cook sth up,be cooking with gas,cook someone's goosematch 比较，较量，敌手unmatchable=matchless 无敌的matching 可匹配的match-box 火柴盒ancestor ancesty n.祖宗 ancestrala.祖先的legend n. 传说legendary a.非常著名的profuse a.丰富的慷慨的浪费的 profusely adv.丰富的 profuseness n.挥霍丰富profusion n. 丰富充沛慷慨profess v.声称，宣城表明，信奉professed a.公开表明的 profession n.行业 professional a.专业的compensate v.补偿 compensation n.补偿compensative a.补充的偿还的 compensator n.补偿物compensating n.补偿修正抵消 compensative a.补充的external a.外部的externals n. 外控者外表externalize v. 表达表露externally adv. 外部地外型上地 internal a.内部的technique技巧technology n.科技simple *a. 简单的simpler，simplest ,simpleness n.简单单纯simplify v.使简化simplicity n. 简单性simply adv. 仅仅只是，确实简直，简朴地drama n.戏剧，激动兴奋dramatic a. 突然的激动人心的夸张的distort v.使扭曲歪曲distortion n.变形失真扭曲droop v.下垂低垂droopy a.耸拉的teach taughtchronical a.慢性的糟透的拙劣的chronically adv. 满星地chronicity n.慢性长期性essential n.本质要素必需品a.必不可少的基本的essentials n.法要件概要必需品s essentiality n. 重要性根本性essentialness n.要素要点compare v.对比比较类似comparison n.比较对比minister n.部长大臣牧师ministership n.部长 min i stering a. 关心的体贴的ministrations n. 照顾看护expedite v.加速expediter n.稽查员expedition n.远征探险队迅速pervade v.渗透弥漫遍布pervasive a.遍布的 pervasion n.普及流行蔓延扩散moralize v. 教化说教moralization n.道德说教教化 moralizer n.说教者 morale n.士气 morality n.道德品行 moralistic a. 说教的注意道德的道学的enlist v.入伍赞助争取enlister n.征兵者 enlistment n.登记应征入伍回答问题4*5 A＞B4.The narrator describes Dee in both positive and negative ways. What positive qualities do you see in Dee? What are her negative qualities?Dee was well-educated, she knew what was the fashionable way of dressing, speaking, acting. She liked the nice thing as well as the new life.She always had a firm control of her life and she was determined to face difficulties and defeat difficulties with her effort. On the other hand, she was arrogant, hard hearted and selfish.5.Maggie seems to be homely, shy, and a bit slow. Do you see any good qualities in her that her sister Dee doesn’t have？Illustrate your point with example.Kind-hearted : ask two quilts, she can have themgood- tempered, happy in traditional lifestyle. Help mama do house work. diligent, remember her ancestor’s name and history.8.What does the story title everyday use mean? What does this reveal about the author’s view on cultural heritage? What does the subtitle “for your grandmama” mean?Objects used in the family. It reveals that cultural heritage is nothing that stood in the past but something that can be connected to things of the everyday use. XX To dedicate the story to all American grandmother, the bearers of their heritage.4.What remark did reverend wright make that compelled obama to condemn them? What was the fundamental mistake made by reverend wright? How is obama’s condemnation related to the title of his address “a more perfect union”?He used incendiary language to express views that have the potential not onlyto widen the racial divide,but views that denigrate both the greatness and the goodness of the American nation. the statements of Reverend Wright have caused such controversy and in some cases pain. Obama’s condemnation appealed to the American people to unite together for a more perfect union.8.×Is race an essential issue in the election in obama’s opinion? Why? Essential,. Because it is found to be complex and one of those which make the union not perfect.9.×How are so many of the disparities that exist in the African-American community today related to the past of slavery and Jim Crow?6A:Into what three categories does author classify environmental threats? As problem like acid rain and large oil spill strategic according to the author? Why or why not?…..Local regional strategic….. Not strategic but fundamentally regional because the operation of the global environment is not affected and the survival of civilization is not at stake.7A:What causes global warming? Why is it considered a strategic threat?Carbon dioxide with its ability to trap more heat in the atmosphere causes global warming. It is considered a strategic threat because it poses a worldwide threat to the earth’s ability to regulate the amount of heart from the sun retained in the atmosphere.9A:What are the two key factors that define the physical reality of our relationship to the earth? How do you think in population explosion is related to environmental problems?….Human population and the scientific and technological revolution. The population explosion is related to environmental problems,because more pollution is created as more use advanced technologies to change physical matter of the earthby burning , cutting, digging, moving.2.×How does the author describe Churchill and Roosevelt’s appearances? What striking features does he present of the two great men?Comparison shaking hands. Pickwick3×.How did Henry compare and contrast American Admiral King’s flagship and Churchill’s battleship?What does the contrast show?Antonyms spick and span, storm whipped different situation5.How does the narrator compare the two leaders?What did Hopkins mean by “the changing of the guard”?Different appearance,movements. X meant that a transfer of power from London to Washington was taking place. Britain not one. Us take over this position翻译课文原句汉译英5*6L9221年前，一群人聚集在至今屹立在这条街上的市政厅里，用上述这样简洁的语言，发起了美利坚不可思议的民主实验。

实务翻译期末重点总结归纳实务翻译是一项重要的语言技能，在各个领域都有广泛应用。

期末考试是对学生在课程学习期间所掌握实务翻译知识和技巧的综合考核。

为了帮助同学们更好地准备期末考试，以下总结了一些期末考试的重点内容。

本文将从翻译原则、翻译方法和常见错误三个方面进行总结和归纳。

一、翻译原则1. 准确性：翻译应保证语言的准确性，不得添加、删减或改变原文的意思。

2. 通顺性：翻译应保持语言的流畅并符合目标语言的习惯表达方式。

3. 简洁性：翻译应力求简洁明了，避免冗长和啰嗦的表达。

4. 文化适应性：翻译应尊重原文的文化背景，合理运用目标语言的文化成分。

5. 格式规范性：翻译应符合目标语言的文体特点和格式要求。

二、翻译方法1. 直译法：对于词汇意义明确、无歧义的部分，直接进行直译。

2. 意译法：对于需要根据上下文或语境进行解释的部分，进行意译，保证传达出准确的意思。

3. 转换法：对于存在文化差异的部分，通过转换来适应目标语言的文化背景。

4. 表达法：对于一些特定表达方式，采用目标语言中常用的表达方式进行翻译。

三、常见错误1. 词义错误：翻译时对词义的理解不准确，导致翻译产生偏差。

2. 语法错误：翻译时未能正确运用目标语言的语法规则，导致译文语法错误，影响表达准确性。

3. 风格不当：翻译时未能恰当运用目标语言的风格特点，导致译文不通顺或不符合读者的阅读习惯。

4. 文化背景不符：未能适应翻译材料所属的文化背景，导致翻译意义不清晰或产生了误解。

以上是实务翻译的期末考试重点总结和归纳，希望能够帮助同学们在考试中取得好成绩。

实务翻译是一个需要不断积累和提升的技能，平时应多加练习和积累经验，提高翻译水平。

祝愿大家期末考试顺利！。

⼤学英语3期末复习提纲知识点复习考点归纳总结说明：本课程期末复习内容包括两部分:教材Unit 6，Unit 12，Unit 18三个复习单1.元；2.⼤学英语(3)期末复习提纲（如下）根据学校要求，本学期⼤学英语（3）的期末考试为机考，各分校按教务和考务要求在规定时间内考试。

考试安排在18周进⾏，考试时长为90分钟。

⼤学英语3期末复习提纲⼀、交际⽤语1. －Excuse me, how can I get to the nearest supermarket?－_______________ D.A. It’s not very far from hereB. The supermarket is very largeC. The goods there are very expensiveD. Sorry, sir. I’m a stranger here myself.2．—I have an appointment with Dr. Johnson. C— ____________________.A. The appointment is put offB. You look sick and weakC. Please wait for minute. He is busy nowD. Tell me your ID number3．— Afternoon, sir. Where to? A— ___________________.A. Please get me to the airportB. please pick me up next timeC. I’ve been to the airportD. The plane will take off in an hour4．— Can I help you to get it down? C — .A. No problemB. Yes. Let’s get itC. Thanks. It’s so nice of youD. It’s no trouble at all5．—I’m trying to call Marie, but there’s no answer. DB. Here is a message for herC. I’m really sorry about itD. Really? Maybe she’s out6．— Are you sure about that? D — .A. You needn’t worry about thatB. I like the idea.C. Oh, no. I’m afraid of thatD. Oh, yes. I’m absolutely positive 7．— Would you like to see the menu?— . A A. No, thanks. I already know what to orderB.Your menu is very clear C. I hear the foodhere is tasty D. The setting is verycomfortable8．—What if my computer doesn’t work?— . BA. I’m not good at computerB. AskAnne for help C. I’ve called the repairshop D.There must be something wrong9．—How’s the movi e? Interesting? C— .A. It was shown late until midnightB. Itwas starred by a few famous people C.Far from. I should have stayed home watchingTV D. I was seated far away in the corner10．— Is this the motel you mentioned?— . BA. It looks comfortableB. Yes, it’s asquiet as we expected C. You’re soconsiderate D. No, the price’s reasonable11. —Hello, Sally. How’s everything?— . DC.That’s right D. Just so-so12. —Excuse me, would you lend me your calculator? A— .A. Certainly. Here you areB. Please don’tmention it C. It’s nothing D. Yes, I have a hand13. —I don’t like the spo rts programs on Sundays.— . BA. So do IB. Neither do IC. So amI D. Neither am I14. —What’s the problem, Harry? D — .A. No problemB. No trouble at allC.Thank you for asking me about it D. I can’t remember where I left my glasses 15. －Will you go on a picnic with us tomorrow?－_______________.A. Yes, but I’ll have English classesB.Sorry, I have an appointment with Dr. BrownC. I’m afraid I have no ideaD. Neither amI16 －Would you like to have dinner with usA. I don’t knowB. Sorry, but this evening Ihave to go to the airport to meet my parentsC. No, I can’t17. — May I help you, madam? D— ______________.A. Sorry, I have no ideaB. Yes, I know whatto buy C. You’d better give me a hand D. Yes, I’d like 2 kilos of oranges18. －May I know your address? A－_______________.A. Sure. Here you areB. I have no ideaC. It’s far from here19．－Can you turn down the radio, please? A－_________________.A. I’m sorry, I didn’t realize it was that loudB. Please forgive meC. I’ll keep it downnext time20. —What about going for a walk? A—_______________.A. Why not? A good ideaB. That’s all rightC. So, do ID. Walking is good to you21. —Nice weather, isn’t it? C— .A. I’m not sureB. You know it wellC.for a better view? D— .A. That’s fine, thank youB. Yes, please.C. Take a seatD. Of course not23.－Hello, may I talk to the headmaster now?C－_________________.A. Sorry, you can’tB. No, you can’tC. sorry, he is busy at the moment24．－Oh, sorry to bother you. C－_________________.A. Oh, I don’t knowB. No, you can’tC. That’s okay⼆、词汇与结构1. --- What’s happened to Tom? D---__________to hospital.A. He’s takenB. He’ll be takenC. He’ll takeD. He’s been taken2. ---Which do you like better, real movies _______ cartoons? D --- I prefer cartoons ______ real movies.A. and, thanB. or, thanC. and, andD. or, to3. What a fool I have been! Why ______I think of that before? BA. don’tB. didn’t4. We must make a difference between ______ language and ______language. AA. spoken, writtenB. speaking, writtenC. speaking, writingD. speak, write5. We _____ A _____ every day when we were children.A. used to swimB. used to swimmingC. use to swimD. use to swimming6. You must explain ______how they succeeded ________ the experiment. CA. of us, forB. at us, atC. to us, inD. for us, to7. You look _______. What ______ you ________? DA. tire, did…doB. tiring, have…doneC. tired, do…doD. tired, have…been doing8. Of all the stories here, I like this one ________.I t’s not interesting at all. DA. mostB. bestC. worstD. least9. Before she left on the trip, she __________ hard. DA. trainedB. has trainedC. would trainedD. had trained10. He keeps _________ at himself in the mirror. BA. to lookD. looked11. The sun heats the earth, _________ is very important to living things. CA. thatB. whatC. whichD. where12. If the man ________ succeed, he must work as hard as he can. BA. willB. is toC. is going toD. should13. Ancient Greece is the _________ of western civilization. AA. originB. sourceC. placeD. sources14. Please stop __________. It cannot help the situation. B A. to shout B. shouting C. to speak D. speaking15. The big man has always been eating onthe go, _______ he has got stomachache.AA. soB. howeverC. asD. because16. Let me ___________ the case carefullybefore I draw a conclusion. BA. look upB. look intoC. lookafter D. look out17. He, as well as I, __________ a student. DA. be18. She _______ her success to hard word and strong will. CA. ownsB. givesC. owesD. regards19. Mr. Smith ________ a most important partin the development of our city. CA. tookB. hadC. playedD. made20. I’d rather stay at home than ________ a walk. CA. takingB. to takeC. takeD. to be taking21. Mother was busy. Although she was not watching the basketball on TV, she ____ A__ it on the radio.A. was listening toB. was hearingC. waslistening D. was seeing22. Hardly ____ A _____ home when it began to rain.A. had I gotB. I had gotC. had Iarrived in D. I had arrived at23. I prefer classic music _____ D _____ popC. withD. to24. All the team members tried their best. We lost the game, _________. AA. howeverB. thereforeC. sinceD. as25. When we were having a meeting, the director _________ the bad news by telephone. BA. was tellingB. was toldC. couldtell D. would tell26. Silk __________ by Chinese for thousands of years now. BA. has usedB. has been usedC. wasused D. is used27. You ___ B ____ to lock the door at night.A. shouldB. oughtC. musD. shall28. Before I got to the cinema, the film _____ A ____.A. had begunB. has begunC. isbegun D. was beginningA. advicesB. adviceC. adviseD. advises30. A lecture hall is _________ where students attend lectures. CA. thereB. whichC. oneD. that31. Don’t worry, your watch _________ and you can have it in no time. DA. is repairedB. has been repairedC.was repaired D. is being repaired32. The definition leaves ______ for disagreement. BA. a small roomB. much roomC. greatdeal room D. not so big a room33. Not always _____ B ____ they want (to).A. people can do whatB. can people dowhat C. people cannot do what D. can’t people do what34. Sadam ________ for 25 years. BA. got marriedB. was marriedC.married D. were married35. I don’t want you to make any trouble,B. consequentlyC. on thecontrary D. just as36. Why ________ the old block of flats_________ demolished next month? BA. are…beingB. is…beingC.has…been D. have…been37. In the fifties last century many new cities________ in the desert. CA. bring upB. make upC. grewup D. build up38. More and more people in China now__________ to work regularly. AA. driveB. drivesC. droveD. have driven39. At present, the most important thing isthat Britain needs _____ more to improvethe relationship with the USA. AA. to doB. doingC. to be doneD. do40. That’s all settled. It __D __ talked about.A. shouldn’tB. mustn’t beC.can’t D. needn’t be41. After ______ the shopping list, I found that I forgot to buy salt. CA. examining42. Ann is studying ______ at university. BA. politicB. politicsC. politicianD. political43. After __________the bid, major construction began in Beijing. CA. winB. winingC. winningD. won44. Be sure to ______ your wife when you come here this evening. AA. bringB. takeC. getD. carry45. ---Can I get you a cup of tea? A---_________________________.A. That’s very nice of youB. With pleasureC. You can, pleaseD. Thank you for the tea46. Don’t worry. There is ______ room for all your books here. CA. moreB. muchC. enoughD. some47. ________fine weather it is! AA. WhatB. What aC. HowD. How a48. __________ for the Olympic Games begin about ten years in advance. CD. To be bidden49. Everything ____________ if Albert hadn’t called the fire brigade. DA. will be destroyedB. will have been destroyedC. would be destroyedD. would have been destroyed50. Her parents died when she was veryyoung, so she was ______by her aunt. AA. brought upB. brought outC. grown upD. grown51. ________ he said is quite right. BA. ThatB. WhatC. HowD. Why52. He kept the light in his room _______ the whole night. BA. burntB. burningC. burnD. to burn53. He was _________ about his new job. AA. over the moonB. on the moonC. off the moonD. above the moon54. He has been _______ in hospital for a month. B A.danger B.in danger C. dangerous D.a danger55. He spends a quarter of the day___________. BA. to sleepD.to sleeping56. It happened ________ a winter night. DA. atB. inC. byD. on57. If you _____ stop smoking, you can only expect to have a bad cough. CA. won’tB.wouldn’tC. don’tD. can’t58. It’s not safe ______ in the street. CA. to playB. play C playing D. plays59. ______ it with me an d I’ll see what I can do. DA. When leftB. LeavingC. If youleave D. Leave60. I don’t suppose he will attend the meeting, ______? BA. won’t heB. will heC. do ID.don’t I61. I think all these are main points _______ much attention. BA. being worthy ofC. which worthD. which worthy of62. They ______ the train until it disappeared in the distance. BA. sawB. watchedC. noticedD.observed63. I know it isn’t important but I can’t help______ about it. BA. but to thinkB. thinkingC. toD.think64. Linda offered him her congratulations_______ his passing the college entrance exams. DA. atB. forC. ofD. on65. Mr. White has a wife and three children to _________. AA. raiseB. keepC. growD. take66. Mary forgot ______ a letter to her mother, so she wrote to her just now. BA. writingB. to writeC. havingwrote D. to have written67. Not only I but also Jane and Mary _______ tired of having one examination after another. BA. isB. areC. amD. be68. Our plane _____ from London at 7:00 yesterday evening. AA. took offB. put offC. flew offD.left off69. On his first sea _________, he was still quite young but showed great courage to facethe storm. DA. tripB. travelC. tourD. voyage70. She’s unlucky, and she’s always suffering ______ luck one after another.DA. a sickB. an illC. sickD. ill71. Time is money! We should ______ our time. BA. be fit forB. make good use ofC. playa part of D. take the place of三、完型填空(1) （课本Unit5，形考第⼀次作业）Molly Wilson (16) a dancer and amother for many years when she (17) tosail round the world to raise money for charity.As a child she (18) as a ballet dancer,but at 15 she had grown too tall for classical ballet, so she (19) a member of a pop dance team.She (20) , and (21) she hadchildren she retired from show business to bring them (22) . They grew up, and when they were 18 they left home.She says, “When I decided to do theround-the-world race, my husband thought I was bored because the children had left home. He was also worried (23) I had never sailed (24) . I was not bored, but I (25) somepeople who told me about the race.They had taken part in it, but they hadonly done one section, say, from New Zealand to Australia. I wanted to do the wholeten-month journey.”16. A. is B. was C. had been D. hasbeen17. A. decides B. decided C. haddecided D. has decided18. A. had trained B. had been trainedC. was trainedD. trained。

翻译Unit 11、我们的计算机系统出了毛病，但我觉得问题比较小。

(minor)We have a problem with the computer system but I think it’s fairly minor.2、父亲去世时我还小，不能独自生活。

就在那时，家乡的父老接过了养育我(my upbringing)的责任。

(at that point)My father died when I was too young to live on my own.The people of my hometown took over my upbringing at that point.3、这些玩具必得在达到严格的安全要求后才可出售给儿童。

（requirement) The toys have to meet strict/touch safety requirement before they can be sold to children.4、作为新闻和舆论的载体(carrier)，广播和电视补充了而不是替代了报纸。

(supplement,rather than)Radio and television have supplemented rather than replaced the newspaper as carriers of news and opinion.5、至于这本杂志，它刊载世界各地许多报纸杂志上文章的摘要。

(digest,when it comes to ...)When it comes to this magazine, it is/carries a digest of articles from many newspapers and magazines around the world.Unit 31、无论是在城市还是在农村，因特网正在改变人们的生活方式。

大学翻译课知识点总结翻译是一门要求翻译者不仅熟悉两种语言，还要了解两种文化背景的学科。

而大学翻译课程就是为了帮助学生掌握翻译的理论知识和实践技能，培养他们成为优秀的翻译人才。

下面将对大学翻译课程的知识点进行总结。

一、翻译理论1. 翻译基本概念翻译是指把一种源语言的文本转译成目标语言的文本的过程，旨在使得目标语言读者能够理解和接受源语言文本的信息。

翻译本质上是一种跨文化交流的活动。

2. 翻译原则翻译原则主要包括对等翻译原则、意译和直译原则、信达原则等。

对等翻译原则注重保持原文的风格和结构，意译和直译原则注重传达原文的意思，信达原则则要求在翻译中兼顾原文的意思和表达效果。

3. 语言学基础翻译者需要具备扎实的语言学知识，包括语音、语法、词汇和句法等方面的知识。

熟练掌握语言学知识有助于翻译者更好地理解源语言并将其转化为目标语言。

4. 文化意识文化是语言的载体，翻译过程中必须考虑源语言和目标语言的文化背景。

翻译者需要了解两种文化之间的差异，避免在翻译过程中产生文化误解。

二、翻译技能1. 语言能力语言能力是翻译的基本素质，包括听、说、读、写四个方面。

翻译者需要具备流利的口语和书面语能力，能够准确地理解和表达源语言和目标语言的信息。

2. 知识储备翻译需要广泛的知识储备，对各种领域的文本都要有一定的了解。

不同的翻译领域需要不同的专业知识，比如法律、医学、商务等领域的翻译需要相应的专业知识。

3. 翻译技巧翻译过程中需要掌握一定的翻译技巧，比如对等翻译、意译、直译等技巧。

此外，翻译者还需要掌握一些翻译工具的使用技巧，比如翻译记忆软件、术语库等。

4. 翻译实践翻译实践是提高翻译水平的重要手段，通过大量翻译练习可以提高翻译速度和准确度，培养翻译者的审美能力和创造力。

三、翻译方法1. 直译直译是指尽量保持源语言的结构和风格，只在必要的情况下做出一些改动。

直译的特点是忠实于原文，同时在保持原文意思的基础上作出必要的修饰。

2. 意译意译是指在翻译过程中放弃源语言的词句，而用目标语言的词句表达相同的意义。

大三英语知识点总结大三英语作为大学英语教学的重要部分，涵盖了丰富的知识点和技巧。

下面将对大三英语的重要知识点进行总结和归纳。

一、语法知识点1. 时态和语态：掌握英语中各种时态和语态的用法，包括一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、过去完成时等。

2. 从句：了解主从复合句中从句的种类和引导词的用法，如名词性从句、定语从句、状语从句等。

3. 虚拟语气：掌握虚拟语气的用法，包括虚拟条件句和虚拟结果句的构成及使用方式。

4. 语法修饰：掌握形容词、副词、介词短语和从句在句子中的修饰作用和位置。

5. 语法结构：了解英语中的常见语法结构，如倒装、强调句等，能够正确运用这些结构提高句子的表达效果。

二、词汇知识点1. 同义词和反义词：扩展词汇量，了解同义词和反义词的用法，并能灵活运用，提高文章的表达能力。

2. 固定搭配和习惯用语：掌握常用的固定搭配和习惯用语，如动词搭配、名词搭配、形容词搭配等，使语言更加地道。

3. 词形转换：了解词汇的词形变化规则，包括名词、动词、形容词和副词的派生和转化，能够准确运用词汇。

4. 词汇辨析：学会辨析难以区分的词汇，如homophones、synonyms和antonyms等，避免在使用中出现错误。

三、阅读理解知识点1. 推理判断：掌握通过推理和推断准确理解文章的能力，包括逻辑推理、因果推理和词义推理等。

2. 主旨大意：能够准确抓住文章的主旨和要点，理解作者的写作意图和观点。

3. 阅读技巧：掌握常见的阅读技巧，如扫读、略读、精读等，提高阅读速度和理解效率。

4. 词汇理解：通过上下文的线索推测词汇的词义，提高词汇的理解和运用能力。

四、写作技巧点1. 句型变化：通过改变句子的结构、时态和语态等，使文章的表达更加准确、丰富和有层次感。

2. 表达方式：掌握不同场合下的表达方式，如感谢信、道歉信、建议信等，使写作更加得体和符合要求。

3. 逻辑关系：合理组织文章的段落和句子，使用适当的连接词和过渡词，使文章的结构和逻辑关系更加清晰。

大学英语翻译知识点在大学英语的学习中，翻译是一项重要的技能。

它不仅要求我们对英语语言有深入的理解，还需要我们能够准确地将英语表达转换为中文，或者将中文准确地翻译为英语。

以下是一些关键的大学英语翻译知识点。

一、词汇层面1、词汇的准确理解与选择在翻译中，首先要确保对词汇的准确理解。

一个单词可能有多种含义，需要根据上下文来确定其具体的意思。

例如，“address”这个单词，常见的意思有“地址”“演讲”“处理”等。

在“Please address the problem as soon as possible”这个句子中，“address”就是“处理”的意思。

同时，要注意词汇的搭配和习惯用法。

有些词汇在特定的语境中有固定的搭配，不能随意更改。

比如，“make a decision”（做决定），而不是“do a decision”。

2、词汇的词性转换为了使翻译更加通顺自然，经常需要进行词性转换。

例如，名词转换为动词，形容词转换为副词等。

在“He has a good knowledge of history”中，“knowledge”是名词，翻译为“他对历史很了解。

”这里就把名词“knowledge”转换为了动词“了解”。

3、词汇的增减有时为了使译文更符合中文的表达习惯，需要增加或删减一些词汇。

比如，在“He is a man of few words”中，如果直接翻译为“他是一个少词的人。

”就很别扭，而应该增加一些词汇，翻译为“他是一个沉默寡言的人。

”二、句子层面1、句子结构的分析理解句子的结构是正确翻译的关键。

英语句子的结构较为复杂，有各种从句和短语。

要分清主句和从句，明确各个成分之间的关系。

例如，“The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting”这是一个定语从句，“that I bought yesterday”是用来修饰先行词“book”的，翻译为“我昨天买的那本书很有趣。

翻译第9——15讲1 He is easily the best student in the class.他无疑是班上最好的学生or他比班上别的学生要好许多.2 The stranger robbed his wife.那个陌生人抢了他妻子的钱（东西）.3 I can’t agree more.我完全同意，4 They give the boy the lie. 他们指责男孩说谎5 Her mother died of difficult labo.他母亲死于难产..6 He was then bright in the eye. 那时他已经醉了.7 Calculation never makes a hero.举棋不定永远成不了英雄.A They are as thick as thieves.他们非常亲密/ 情同手足。

B. Individualism is the core of social value in the United States of America.提倡个人奋斗精神是美国社会价值核心。

1 、He was a man of high renown. (Commendatory)2 、His notoriety as a rake did not come until his death. (derogatory)Both “renown” and “notoriety” mean “fame”, but “renown” means good fame while “notoriety” means ill fame.3、Only ambitious students get the best marks.有抱负的学生才能取得最好的成绩。

Young people, be ambitious.年轻人, 要胸怀大志。

1. They were sons of the men who had left their homes and taken to the mountain with their broad swords by their side.他们都是（那些抛弃妻子、身带大刀进入深山的好汉们的）后代。

翻译必考知识点总结翻译是沟通的桥梁，它不仅仅是简单的语言转换，更是文化、历史和思想的传递。

在当今世界，翻译已经成为必不可少的技能，因此翻译考试也成为很多人必须面临的挑战。

无论是英语专业考研、公共英语、雅思、托福考试，还是翻译资格考试等，翻译必考知识点都是考生需要重点关注的内容。

本文将从翻译的基本概念、翻译理论、翻译技巧以及常见考试题型等方面进行总结。

一、翻译的基本概念翻译是指将一种语言的表达形式转换成另一种语言的过程。

翻译的目的是为了使目标语言读者能够理解原文的意思。

翻译的基本原则包括忠实、通顺、准确、得体和自然等。

翻译的过程包括理解原文、转换原文、校对翻译、修改翻译等步骤。

翻译的难点在于语言之间的差异、文化的差异、习惯表达的差异等方面。

二、翻译的理论翻译理论包括了直译理论、意译理论、功能对等理论、文化转换理论等多种理论。

其中直译理论强调忠实于原文，意译理论强调传达原文的意思，功能对等理论强调传达目的语言读者的需求，文化转换理论强调在翻译过程中进行文化因素的转换。

这些理论都在不同层面上揭示了翻译的本质和特点。

三、翻译的技巧翻译的技巧包括了词汇翻译、语法翻译、惯用表达翻译等方面。

在词汇翻译中，考生需要注意词义的转换、词汇的搭配、词法的变换等问题。

在语法翻译中，考生需要注意句子结构的转换、语态的变换、时态的表达等方面。

在惯用表达翻译中，考生需要注意成语、习语、惯用语等的转换和运用。

此外，考生还需要注重上下文的理解和逻辑关系的表达等方面。

四、常见考试题型翻译考试的题型包括了汉译英、英译汉、改错、选词填空、写作等多种题型。

其中汉译英和英译汉是最常见的题型，要求考生具备较高的语言能力和翻译技巧。

改错题目要求考生对句子的语法、词汇进行鉴别和修改。

选词填空要求考生根据上下文选择合适的词语填写在空格处。

写作题目则要求考生根据所给的材料或者题目进行短文或长文的翻译，要求考生除了熟练掌握翻译技巧之外，还需要有一定的表达能力和逻辑思维能力。