一、高中英语阅读理解
1．阅读理解
FaceApp has taken the world by storm, giving users the chance to see themselves age through its algorithm. 12.7 million people—some three million more than the population of New York City—reportedly downloaded it in one seven-day period last month.
Although the Russian app has become known for its privacy issues, the more interesting lesson of our FaceApp fling (尽情玩乐)is what it tells us about our society—and our future lives. It turns out we are more interested in aging than we realized. I'm surprised by this. Most younger people are in denial (否认)about old age, doing almost nothing to prepare for it. We rarely have a chance to plan for the future, with increasing time and financial pressures. Those pressures bring sacrifices that we may not always want to make: we can no longer afford to spend the time or the money needed to look after our elderly parents.
As a family doctor, I can see the loneliness epidemic developing. Elderly patients come to see me with no particular illness, no clear medical issue. After a few minutes of the consultation, I understand why: they're not sick, and often they don't feel sick. They just need someone—anyone-to talk to.
Although loneliness has no medical classification, the health effects are real: the result of loneliness and isolation can be as harmful to our health as smoking 15 cigarettes a day, and is more damaging than obesity. But loneliness does not come with nearly enough health warnings. So what next? Since 1980, we are living on average 10 years longer. At the same time, people are having fewer and fewer children, and they are having them much later in life. The snake of a world class health service is eating its own tail; its care is prolonging (延长) people's lives, but as the ratio of pensioners(退休人员)to working -age people increases, there are fewer taxpayers to fund that very health service.
Into this void have stepped NGOs, charities and volunteers. But in the long term, the only way to truly help the oldest meters of our society is to go back to the traditional values of intergenerational(两代间的) cooperation—often under same roof. Ultimately, we will need to evolve towards a culture where elderly care is treated the same as childcare, where employers recognize the duty of someone with an elderly parent the same way they recognize those of someone with a newborn child.
（1）The example of FaceApp is used to _____.
A. prove the popularity of it
B. explain the function of it
C. show the progress of technology
D. introduce the topic of aging and loneliness
（2）What makes elderly people without illness go to see their family doctors?
A. Desire to have the consultation.
B. Strong feeling of loneliness.
C. Unclear medical issues.
D. Questions to ask doctors.
（3）How can the oldest members be truly helped?
A. By being treated as children.
B. By going back to the traditional society.
C. By providing family care.
D. By living with other elderly people under the same roof.
（4）What can we learn from the passage?
A. The loneliness of elderly people needs more attention.
B. FaceApp's popularity proves it has no security problems.
C. Health service lacks fund because of prolonged peopled lives.
D. FaceApp is helpful in dealing with elderly peopled loneliness.
【答案】（1）D
（2）B
（3）C
（4）A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，作者由FaceApp话题谈到当今的社会现象——老人感到孤独，他们需要关注。作者认为孤独虽不是病，但它能影响人的健康，所以他呼吁人们像关注新生儿那样关注老人。
（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段"FaceApp has taken the world by storm, giving users the chance to see themselves age through its algorithm. 12.7 million people—some three million more than the population of New York City—reportedly downloaded it in one seven-day period last month. “；第二段中的”...the more interesting lesson of our FaceApp fling (尽情玩乐）is what it tells us about our society—and our future lives. It turns out we are more interested in aging than we realized.“可知，FaceApp已经风靡全球，用户有机会通过它的算法看到自己的年龄。据报道，在上个月的七天时间里，有1270万人下载了这本书，比纽约市的人口多了300万。它告诉了我们关于我们的社会和我们未来的生活。事实证明，我们对衰老的兴趣比我们意识到的更大。作为一名家庭医生，我可以看到孤独感的蔓延。所以FaceApp主要的功能是通过它的算法使用户看到自己的年龄，接着讲述老人所面临的问题—孤独和衰老。故判断出FaceApp的例子是用来介绍衰老和孤独的话题。故选D。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的”As a family doctor, I can see the loneliness epidemic develo ping. Elderly patients come to see me with no particular illness, no clear medical issue. “可知老人经常去看家庭医生是因为孤独，他们没有生病，只想找人聊聊。故选B。
（3）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的”But in the long term, the only way to truly help the oldest members of our society is to go back to the traditional values of intergenerational（两代间的） cooperation—often under same roof. Ultimately, we will need to evolve towards a culture where elderly care is treated the same as childcare“,可知从长期来看我们帮助老年成员的方法是和他们一起居住，并且给予他们婴儿般的关爱。故选C。
（4）考查推理判断。根据第五段中的”But lonel iness does not come with nearly enough health warnings.“可知老人孤独并没有带来足够的健康警示，故推断人们孤独的老人应该得到更多的关注，选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
2．阅读理解
A recent study finds that the dirt on the ground is likely to worsen climate change. Researchers have shown that warmer temperatures are heating the soil, which is causing microbes (微生物)
to become more active and release more of the soil's carbon into the atmosphere. These soil changes can potentially contribute to even higher temperatures.
Scientists studied device readings, soil measurements, plant growth details and satellite observations from around the world. Their work is the most complete study on the subject.
They found a sharp increase in carbon released into the atmosphere by bacteria and fungi (真菌) in soil from 1990 to 2014. Researchers explain that the carbon comes from the dead plants and leaves the microbes eat. As temperatures rise, the microbes eat more. And the more they eat, the more carbon can be made into carbon dioxide and released into the atmosphere.
This uncontrolled cycle speeds up and intensifies climate change. Overall, soil releases about nine times more carbon than human activities. But that is part of a natural cycle: the amount of carbon released into the air is about equal to the carbon oceans and plants take in.
However, carbon released from fossil fuel causes an imbalance. Burning coal, oil and natural gas puts more carbon into the atmosphere than nature can take in. The additional carbon heats the air and soil. And as the air and soil get hotter, the earth will release more carbon than it has been holding.
If something isn't done, we are really in trouble. Proper soil conservation can help keep more carbon in soil. Conservation methods include avoiding turning the soil, covering off-season crops and leaving crop deposits on the ground.
（1）Which word can best describe the scientists' research data?
A.Rich.
B.Rare.
C.Limited.
D.Difficult.
（2）What does the underlined word "intensifies" in Paragraph 4 mean?
A.Causes.
B.Demands.
C.Strengthens.
D.Shows.
（3）What mainly causes the soil's temperature to rise?
A.Active bacteria.
B.Human activities.
C.The overuses of soil.
D.The wastes of fossil fuels.
（4）What can be a suitable title for the passage?
A.Warmer soil and more carbon.
B.The soil and the environment.
C.The microbes and the temperatures.
D.Hotter air and warmer environment.
【答案】（1）A
（2）C
（3）B
（4）A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了人类燃烧燃料造成的土壤变化可能导致地球更高的温度。
（1）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Scientists studied device readings, soil measurements, plant growth details and satellite observations from around the world. Their work is the most complete study on the subject.”科学家们研究了来自世界各地的设备读数、土壤测量、植物生长细节和卫星观测数据。他们的工作是对这一课题最全面的研究。故选A。
（2）考查词义猜测。根据第四段中的“This uncontrolled cycle speeds up and intensifies climate change.”可知，and 为并列连词，即intensifies应与之前的speeds up 为同义词。speed up 意为“加速”，C项strengthen 意为“加强；增强”可为同义词。故选C。
（3）考查细节理解。根据第五段中的“However, carbon released from fossil fuel causes an imbalance. Burning coal, oil and natural gas puts more carbon into the atmosphere than nature can take in. The additional carbon heats the air and soil. And as the air and soil get hotter, the earth will release more carbon than it has been holding”然而，化石燃料释放的碳造成了不平衡。燃烧煤炭、石油和天然气向大气中排放的碳超过了自然所能吸收的量。额外的碳使空气和土壤升温。随着空气和土壤变得越来越热，地球释放出的碳将超过它所承受的量。可知，人类的一系列燃烧燃料的行为是土壤温度上升的主要原因。故选B。
（4）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“soil changes can potentially contribute to even higher temperatures.”中间段落进行阐述分析原因和结果。末段提出了“Proper soi l conservation can help keep more carbon in soil.”并提供了建议。因此标题关键词需有 soil, carbon等核心词。A 项Warmer soil and more carbon.符合分析。故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇环保类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
3．阅读理解
Need a fall fix? Try one from these great places.
⒈Mackinac Island, Michigan
The only way to reach this famed car-free island is by boat and ferry, and once visitors arrive, they are attracted by the history, scenery and fall colors. "It's a throwback to years past, a little town, and there's a big state park as well," Blackwell says. "You're allowed to have boats all around the island."
⒉Tellico Lake, Tennessee
With nearly 400 miles of shoreline, this waterway flowing out of the Great Smoky Mountains is largely unexploited, well-protected in its natural state. Fall visitors find a range of colors reflecting in the clean waters, says Blackwell, who vacationed in the area with his family as a child. "The thick forest there just allows you to see more greenery and wildlife."
⒊Dillon Reservoir, Colorado
With an hour from Denver, this lake is home to what claims to be the nation's highest sailing club, at an altitude of more than 9,000 feet. Marinas in the towns of Dillon and Frisco make it
easy to get out on the water and to see the bright yellows and golds of fall leaves. "People are surprised that there's boating in Colorado, and you can see the mountains just before the snowball," Blackwell says.
⒋Lake Monroe, Indiana
The state's largest lake is surrounded by more than 13,000 acres of protected forest and three recreation areas, making it an ideal place to see fall colors, particularly from oaks and the tulip poplar, the state tree. " It's a gem (宝石) in southern Indiana," says Blackwell, who grew up in the area. "There are lots of different activities: canoeing, kayaking and fishing."
（1）What is special about Mackinac Island?
A. It's like a modern city.
B. Visitors can't take a boat around it.
C. Visitors can see various wildlife there.
D. Visitors can't go there by cars.
（2）Which is suitable for someone looking for an undeveloped place for vacation?
A. Mackinac Island, Michigan.
B. Tellico Lake, Tennessee.
C. Dillon Reservoir, Colorado.
D. Lake Monroe, Indiana.
（3）What do the four places have in common?
A. Blackwell once travelled there.
B. They are all famous tourist destinations.
C. They are surrounded by thick forests.
D. Visitors can enjoy fall colors there.
【答案】（1）D
（2）B
（3）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四个适合秋季度假的地方。
（1）考查细节理解。根据⒈Mackinac Island, Michigan部分中的"The only way to reach this famed car-free island is by boat and ferry"可知，到这个著名的无车岛的唯一途径是乘船和渡船。即：无法通过乘汽车到达该岛。故选D。
（2）考查推理判断。根据⒉Tellico Lake, Tennessee部分中的"With nearly 400 miles of shoreline, this waterway flowing out of the Great Smoky Mountains is largely unexploited, well-protected in its natural state"可知，Tellico Lake基本上未被开发，得到了很好的保护，一直处于自然状态。因此，该地适合那些想到未被开发的地方度假的人们。故选B。
（3）考查细节理解。根据⒈Mackinac Island, Michigan部分中的"they are attracted by the history, scenery and fall colors"；⒉Tellico Lake, Tennessee部分中的"Fall visitors find a range of colors reflecting in the clean waters"，⒊Dillon Reservoir, Colorado部分中的"and to see the bright yellows and golds of fall leaves"和⒋Lake Monroe, Indiana部分中的"making it an ideal place to see fall colors"可知，在这四个地方都可以看到"秋天的色彩"。故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
4．阅读理解
Road trip
Motorhome delivery offers great family holidays. For just $1 a day, you can hire a fully-equipped motorhome, which you deliver to a specific destination within some days and
kilometers. You then hire another one to get home or take a bus or train. Your only other expense will be fuel and about $20 a day for parking fees. To learn more, visit https://www.doczj.com/doc/8b13312168.html,.
Plan ahead
For a comfortable break, flexibility with times, dates and places helps lower the cost. Find a few hotels you like, ask about their vacant rooms, then wait a few weeks and call again. If they still have rooms, you're at an advantage to ask for a better price. Lots of last-minute deals are online. Watif (https://www.doczj.com/doc/8b13312168.html,.au) has deals on hotels that have dropped their prices so slow. You don't know where you're staying until it's booked, but anywhere with four or five stars has to be fairly good. Back to nature
Wild camping appeals to nature lovers and costs nothing. This is forbidden on beaches and parks in most urban areas, but you can turn up in more distant area as long as nobody owns the land. You'll need to take everything with you and may need to shop on eBuy (https://www.doczj.com/doc/8b13312168.html,.au). If you're a camping beginner, be aware of safety measures and get your questions answered on the Internet.
Swap meet
How about a home swap? For a $250 yearly joining cost, you can stay in someone's home in an international place of your choice while they or someone else stays in yours. Find out more at https://www.doczj.com/doc/8b13312168.html,.au.
（1）Where can you get the information about motorhomes?
A. https://www.doczj.com/doc/8b13312168.html,.au.
B. https://www.doczj.com/doc/8b13312168.html,.au.
C. https://www.doczj.com/doc/8b13312168.html,.
D. https://www.doczj.com/doc/8b13312168.html,.au.（2）What's the advice for camping beginners?
A. Take only what you need.
B. Stay away from no-man's land.
C. Keep in touch with eBuy.
D. Watch out for possible dangers.
（3）What helps to pay less for rooms in a hotel?
A. Waiting for some time before booking.
B. Choosing hotels with four or five stars.
C. Deciding on rooms as early as possible.
D. Bargaining prices through the Internet.
（4）What's the purpose of the text?
A. To show the advantages of online service.
B. To teach the importance of running away from work.
C. To help people have fun at less expense.
D. To introduce new destinations for nature lovers.
【答案】（1）C
（2）D
（3）A
（4）C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，提供了几种节省游玩花费的方式。
（1）考查细节理解。根据Road trip部分中的”To learn more, visit https://www.doczj.com/doc/8b13312168.html,.“可知，如果要了解motorhomes的相关信息可以浏览此网站。故选C。
（2）考查细节理解。根据 Back to nature部分中的”If you're a camping beginner, be aware of safety measures and get your questions answered on the Internet.“可知，如果你是首次露营，要注意安全问题，如果有疑问一定要在网上问清楚。故选D。
（3）考查细节理解。根据 Plan ahead部分中的”Fin d a few hotels you like, ask about their vacant rooms, then wait a few weeks and call again. If they still have rooms, you're at an advantage to ask for a better price.“可知，找到想预定的房间后，再等几周进行预定会节省不少费用。故选A。
（4）考查推理判断。根据Road trip部分中的”For just $1 a day, you can hire a fully-equipped motorhome, “一美元一天租用装备完全的motorhome；Plan ahead部分中的”If they still have rooms, you're at an advantage to ask for a better price.“用更少的钱预定房间； Back to nature 部分中的”Wild camping appeals to nature lovers and costs nothing“不花钱露营；和Swap meet部分中的”For a $250 yearly joining cost, you can stay in someone's home in an international place of your choice“250美元一年交换房子居住。可知，本文的主要目的是介绍几种可以花费很低费用的游玩方式。故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两三个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
5．阅读理解
The age of adulthood is by definition arbitrary. If everyone matured at the same, fixed rate, it wouldn't be a human process. Indeed, maturation happens at varying speeds across different categories within the same individual, so I'd say I was easily old enough to vote at 16, but nobody should have given me a credit card until I was 32, and I've got the county court judgment to prove it.
However, we broadly agree that there's a difference between a child and an adult, even if we might argue about the transition point. So the political theorist David Runciman's view that six-year-olds should be allowed to vote goes against any standard argument about the age of civic responsibility. Nobody would say that a six-year-old could be held criminally responsible, could be sent to war, could be capable of consent, could be given responsibility for anything. So allowing them the vote—along with, unavoidably, seven-year-olds who are even sillier, if anything—is quite an amusing proposal.
Runciman's argument is that this is the only way to rebalance political life, which is currently twisted in favor of the old, who don't (he added) ever need to demonstrate mental capacity, even long after they've lost it.
The first part of his case is self-evident: pensions are protected while children's centers are closed, concepts such as sovereignty (最高权威) are prioritized over the far more urgent business of the future: climate change. Nostalgia (怀念) for a past the young wouldn't even recognize plays a central role, which is completely unfair.
Most of the arguments against giving six-year-olds a vote are that children would end up voting for something damaging and chaotic, if someone made unrealistic promises to them, which could never be realized. Well, it's not children's fault.
Having said that, children do tend towards the progressive, having a natural sense of justice (which kicks in at the age of six months, psychologists have shown, by creating scenes of great unfairness to babies, and making them cry) and an underdeveloped sense of self-interest. My kid, when he was six, made quite a forceful case against private property, on the basis that, since
everybody needed a house, they shouldn't cost money, because nobody would want anyone else not to have one. Also, food should be free. It was a kind of pre-Marx communism, where you limit the coverage of the market to only those things that you wouldn't mind someone else not having.
On that particular day, when we were registered as voters, my kid was quite far to the left of me, but in the normal run of things, we're united, which brings us to the point of the problem: children obey you on almost nothing, but they do seem to believe in your politics until they're adolescent. So giving kids the vote is really just a way of giving parents extra votes. And what can stop us having even more children, once there's so much enfranchisement (选举权) in it for us? Now, if parents could be trusted to use their influence wisely, and hammer into children the politics it will take to assure a better future, then I wouldn't necessarily have a problem with that, apart from, obviously, that culture is already wildly twisted towards parents, and I can imagine a few non-parents boiling with fierce anger. But that's not worth talking about anyway, because parents can't be trusted, otherwise we'd all already vote Green(绿党).
In short: no, six-year-olds should not get the vote; but while we're here, if any votes come up in the near future, which will have an impact on the next five decades of British political life, alongside EU migrants, 16-year-olds certainly should be enfranchised.
（1）The author refers to his age of adulthood to prove that ________.
A. certain rights are granted at different stages of life
B. there's a common standard for the age of adulthood
C. people mature at different rates in various aspects
D. a credit card is more difficult to get than the vote
（2）People reject David Runciman's proposal because ________.
A. they believe children are far from mature in many ways
B. they are uncertain whether children can assume responsibility
C. they know the age to get the vote is not to be questioned
D. they don't think a child can grow into adulthood earlier
（3）What is the base for David Runciman's argument?
A. Public ignorance of children's abilities.
B. Inequalities of opportunity.
C. A cultural preference for the old.
D. The imbalance in political life.
（4）The author talks about his kid to indicate that ________.
A. children are in favor of a just society and tend to be idealistic
B. children are innocent and don't want to be involved in politics
C. children are simple-minded and can fall for an adult's trick
D. children are good-natured and like to help people in need
（5）The author thinks allowing children the vote may lead to ________.
A. twisted culture
B. parents' objections
C. misuse of rights
D. unusual maturation （6）What is the main point of the passage?
A. There is a difference between adults and children.
B. Allowing children the vote is not altogether absurd.
C. The definition of adulthood is quite controversial.
D. Parents should introduce politics to their children.
【答案】（1）C
（2）A
（3）D
（4）A
（5）C
（6）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，讲述了儿童成熟的速度是不同，所以作者认为允许儿童投票的提议并不完全是荒谬的，如果将对未来50年的英国政治生活产生影响，16岁的孩子应该被授予选举权。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“Indeed, maturation happens at varying speeds across different categories within the same individual, so I'd say I was easily old enough to vote at 16, but nobody should have given me a credit card until I was 32, and I've got the county court judgment to prove it.”可知，作者以他的成熟年龄来证明人们在各个方面的成熟速度是不一样的。故选C。
（2）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“Nobody would say that a six-year-old could be held criminally responsible, could be sent to war, could be capable of consent, could be given responsibility for anything.”没人说6岁的孩子会被追究刑事责任，会被送上战场，会有同意的能力，会被赋予任何责任。由此推断，人们拒绝David Runciman的提议是因为他们认为孩子在很多方面还不够成熟，不能被赋予相应的责任。故选A。
（3）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Runciman's argument is that this is the only way to rebalance political life”可知，Runciman论点的基础是，这是重新平衡政治生活的唯一途径，即政治生活的不平衡导致他提出这个提议。故选D。
（4）考查推理判断。根据倒数第四段中的“My kid, when he was six, made quite a forceful case against private property, on the basis that, since everybody needed a house, they shouldn't cost money, because nobody would want anyone else not to have one. Also, food should be free. It was a kind of pre-Marx communism, where you limit the coverage of the market to only those things that you wouldn't mind someone else not having.”可知，孩子反对私有财产，因为他们觉得每个人需要房子，他们不应该花钱买房，此外食物也应该是免费的，这是一种前马克思共产主义的想法，由此可推测孩子更加公平，更期待理想社会。故选A。
（5）考查推理判断。根据倒数第三段中的“So giving kids the vote is really just a way of giving parents extra votes.”可知，给孩子投票权其实只是给父母额外投票权的一种方式，由此推断作者认为给孩子投票权可能会导致投票权的滥用。故选C。
（6）考查主旨大意。根据最后一段“In short: n o, six-year-olds should not get the vote; but while we're here, if any votes come up in the near future, which will have an impact on the next five decades of British political life, alongside EU migrants, 16-year-olds certainly should be enfranchised.”可知，作者认为6岁的孩子不应该获得选举权，但是如果将来有任何会影响英国以及欧盟移民未来50年政治生活的投票出现话，16岁的孩子应该被赋予选举权，由此可知作者认为儿童被赋予选举权并不完全是荒谬的。故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇社会类阅
读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
6．阅读理解
I visited Elba last June, joining Mary and John on a bicycling vacation. They made the arrangements for the car, hotel and bicycles. I studied the history of the island, which of course particularly features Napoleon.
Napoleon (now I know) picked Elba as a place for peace when he was forced to give up the throne (王权) as Emperor of France in 1814. Far from being a prison island, Elba is beautiful with towering mountains, thick forests and sweeping bays and beaches.
It is also an island filled with treasure. Very early on this island, locals discovered rich deposits of iron. Soon outsiders, too, discovered the iron and 150 other valuable minerals on this little piece of land. Long before Etruscans and other Greeks set foot on it, Dorians had moved in by the tenth century B. C. and were mining the island. The Romans ruled next, obtaining the minerals and building grand houses overlooking the sea. From the twelfth century until the nineteenth, the island was traded back and forth and was passed to France in 1802. Then came Napoleon, the new ruler of Elba.
I was eager to visit his house in Portoferraio. The Emperor lived with his court and his mother, but his wife, Marie Louise had ensconced herself in the splendid Viennese palace of her father, Emperor of Austria. She lived safely there and showed little interest in visiting her husband in his mini-kingdom. Apparently, Napoleon wasn't troubled much by this. He was too busy riding everywhere on horseback, building roads, modernizing agriculture and, above all, sharpening his tiny army and navy into readiness for his escape.
In the formal gardens behind the house it seemed to me that I could imagine the exiled (流放的) conqueror's anxious thoughts. He might gaze over where I stood now, toward the lighthouse of the Stella fort, the sandy bay, and across it, the green mountains of the Tuscan coast. Napoleon spent only ten months here before making his victorious return to France and the throne.
（1）What did the author do for the visit to Elba?
A. He did research on its past.
B. He arranged transportation.
C. He planned bicycling routes.
D. He booked accommodation.
（2）Who might be the earliest outsiders to Elba according to the text?
A. Napoleon and his army.
B. Etruscans and other Greeks.
C. Dorians.
D. Romans.（3）What does the underlined word "ensconced" probably mean?
A.Settled.
B.Locked.
C.Cured.
D.Controlled.
（4）What came to the author's mind during his visit to Napoleon's gardens?
A.Beautiful views on Elba.
B.Terrible living conditions on Elba.
C.Napoleon's ambition to regain power.
D.Hardship of Napoleon's return to France.
【答案】（1）A
（2）C
（3）A
（4）C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了对拿破仑曾经流放地Elba岛的参观之旅，作者介绍了Elba岛的历史背景与拿破仑在岛上的生活事迹。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“I studied the history of the island, which of course particularly features Napoleon.”可知作者为了Elba的此次拜访对它过去的历史做了一些学习和研究，故选A。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Long before Etruscans and other Greeks set foot on it, Dorians had moved in by the tenth century B. C. and were mining the island.”可知早在伊特鲁里亚人和其他希腊人踏足该岛之前，多里安人在公元前10世纪就已迁入该岛，并在岛上采矿。故Dorians可能是最早到Elba的外来者，故选C。
（3）考查词义猜测。根据第三段中的“She lived safely there and showed little interest in visiting her husband in his mini-kingdom.”可知Marie Louise住在Viennese很安全，对去她丈夫的小王国探视毫无兴趣。live对应上文的ensconce，意思为“定居；安置”，故选A。（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“In the formal gardens behind the house it seemed to me that I could imagine the exiled (流放的) conqueror's anxious thoughts.”可知在房子后面的花园里，作者仿佛能想象出那个被流放的征服者的焦虑的思想。即作者在参观拿破仑的花园时想到了拿破仑对重新掌权的野心。故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，而选出正确答案。
7．阅读理解
When I was small, my mother and I would walk to our local library in Franklin Square. As we didn't always have access to a reliable car, walking hand in hand was the most convenient way to get anywhere. It was at story time for children that both my mother and I made lasting friendships.
Today, I am fortunate to live around the corner from the Cold Coast Public Library in Glen Head and a short walk to the Sea Cliff Children's Library. My 18-imonth-old son, Colin, and I find ourselves in Sea Cliff several times a week, meeting and making friends. Well, that is what many people don't understand-a library is more than books; it's a community.
Sure, the library in Franklin Square was the place where I was introduced to Judy Blume novels. But it was also the place where I got my first email address in 1997. At the library, friends and I learned how to research colleges and search for scholarships on the Internet. The library was the place where we sometimes giggled(咯咯笑)too loudly, and where the librarians knew us by name. Their knowing our names wasn't a bad thing. When I came home from my first term at Binghamton University, Mary LaRosa, the librarian at the Franklin Square library, offered me my
first teaching job.
I now teach reading at Nassau Community College. My students are often amazed that they can check out books via their smartphones and virtually(虚拟地)visit a variety of Long Island libraries. The app used by Nassau and Suffolk county public libraries, as well as the college library, makes their homework easier by helping them find resources. Even though they can't always easily visit their local libraries, the library is always with them.
（1）Why does the author consider herself lucky today?
A. She has become her mother's best friend.
B. She has access to a reliable car now.
C. She can meet friends at the library.
D. She lives close to libraries.
（2）What does the underlined word "that" in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A. Socializing in a library.
B. Reading books in a library.
C. Visiting a library with a family member.
D. Building parent-child friendship in a library.（3）What is the author's attitude to her students' way of visiting libraries?
A. Cautious.
B. Favorable.
C. Doubtful.
D. Disapproving.
（4）Why does the author write the text?
A. To discuss why libraries are important.
B. To express her deep love for libraries.
C. To explain how libraries change.
D. To introduce her favorite libraries.
【答案】（1）D
（2）A
（3）B
（4）C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了从自己小时候到成家生子再到工作教书这一路上图书馆的变化。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“Today，I am fortunate to live around the corner from the Cold Coast Public Library in Glen Head and a short walk to the Sea Cliff Children's Library.”可知，现在，我很幸运地住在格伦黑德的冷海岸公共图书馆附近，走一小段路就可以到海崖儿童图书馆，由此可知，作者认为自己很幸运是因为她住得离图书馆很近，故选D。（2）考查词义猜测。根据第二段中的“My 18-imonth-old son，Colin，and I find ourselves in Sea Cliff several times a week，meeting and making friends.”可知，我和18个月大的儿子科林每周都要去几次海崖图书馆，在那里见面、交朋友，这是一种社交活动，画线词指代的就是“在图书馆社交”，故选A。
（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“Even though they can't alw ays easily visit their local libraries，the library is always with them.”可知，尽管学生们不能总是很容易地参观当地的图书馆，但图书馆总是与他们在一起，由此可知，作者对学生们访问虚拟图书馆的方式是支持的，故选B。
（4）考查推理判断。纵观全文可知，作者讲述了从自己小时候到成家生子再到工作教书这一路上图书馆所发生的变化，由此可知，作者写这篇文章是为了解释图书馆的变化，故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出
正确答案。
8．阅读理解
It's no surprise to hear the honking of horns in New York. Whoever tries every day to get more than a few minutes of sleep in the morning in the city will tell you that he could do nothing about it! No one can deny honking of horns is just one of his most widely enjoyed pastimes.
But Andy, a Japanese website developer has had enough of it. Once, the 27-year-old man approached the open window to wait for the driver to finish honking, delivered a polite "excuse me" and then yelled "Ho-o-o-o-onk!", which means fierce anger in Japan. Then he threw three eggs from the window of his apartment on to a passing car honking loudly below when his patience was worn out. Instead of apologizing to him, the driver threatened to kill him angrily. So, nobly, Andy turned to non-violence. He started writing anti-honking haiku verses, a form of Japanese poetry, and submitted them to local newspapers:
Oh. forget Enron;
The problem around here is; All the damn honking (Enron: a major American company that recently caused a scandal because of corrupt(腐败) mismanagement)
"Then this kind of chain reaction started happening," Andy says. "All these other haiku started appearing unexpectedly" Andy's community is now covered in anti - honking poetry, written by all walks of life.
Patience slowly fades;
Residents store up their eggs; That day is coming soon.
It's understandable that Andy has set up a website — https://www.doczj.com/doc/8b13312168.html, — and now people from across the country send him news of their own anti - honking activities. It seems that poetry can change the world after all. Then, just recently, anti-anti- honking haiku started to appear, launched by locals who thought Andy should stop worrying about honking and start worrying about starving children, or war in the Middle East instead. Andy has an answer for that. "Stop me if this is too ridiculous," he says, "but they talk about the violence in the Middle East like it's a force of nature, like it's beyond our control. But actually it's kind of like the honking - the violence is man -made. If we can figure out how to stop honking on the streets, I think we could learn some things that we could use on a large scale."
（1）What does the first paragraph intend to tell us about New Yorkers?
A. They enjoy listening to the honking of horns.
B. Their life has been affected by the honking noise.
C. They get accustomed to sleeping late in the morning.
D. They have formed a habit of honking while driving.
（2）What is Andy's final reaction to the frequent honking of horns?
A. Pretended to ignore it.
B. Screamed at the driver.
C. Acted in a peaceful way.
D. Complained to the government.
（3）According to the passage, most New Yorkers think Andy's response is______.
A. acceptable
B. pointless
C. sensitive
D. abnormal
（4）Facing the criticism of his anti-honking campaign, Andy notes that______.
A. if not handled well, honking will cause serious problems like starvation
B. fierce violence in the Middle East is more of an issue worthy of concern
C. violence in the world as well as honking on the street is under our control
D. finding the solution to anti - honking is as meaningful as that to starvation
【答案】（1）B
（2）C
（3）A
（4）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了纽约的汽车喇叭声严重影响了人们的生活，一个日本人对此做出了很大的挣扎，从激烈对抗到写打油诗的非暴力反抗，以及纽约当地人对此的反映。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“It's no sur prise to hear the honking of horns in New York. Whoever tries every day to get more than a few minutes of sleep in the morning in the city will tell you that he could do nothing about it! ”可知在纽约听到巨大的汽车喇叭声不足为奇，因为这些声音人们想多睡几分钟是不可能的，即汽车喇叭声影响了纽约人的日常生活。故选B。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的“So, nobly, Andy turned to non-violence.”可知Andy最后采取了非暴力行为来反抗喇叭噪音。故选C。
（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“It's understandable that Andy has set up a website — www. honku. org — and now people from across the country send him news of their own anti - honking activities.”可知Andy建立网站后全国各地的人都给他寄来反喇叭噪音行为的消息，故推测人们对Andy的行为是接受并且支持的。故选A。
（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的“If we can figure out how to stop honking on the streets, I think we could learn some things that we could use on a large scale. ”可知Andy认为如果解决了喇叭噪音问题，就能把从中学到的东西应用到更大规格的事情上，故推测他认为解决喇叭噪音和解决饥荒一样重要。选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇环保类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
9．阅读理解
Cassandra Feeley finds it hard to manage on her husband's income. So this year she did something more than a hobby. She planted vegetables in her yard. For her first garden, Ms. Feeley has put in 15 tomato plants, and five rows of a variety of vegetables. The family's old farm house has become a chicken house, its residents arriving next month. Last year, Ms. Rita Gartin kept a small garden. This year she has made it much larger because, she said, "The cost of everything is going up and I was looking to lose a few pounds too; so it's a win-win situation all around."
They are among the growing number of Americans who, driven by higher living costs and a falling economy, have taken up vegetable gardening for the first time. Others have increased the
size of their existing gardens. Seed companies and garden shops say that not since the 1970s has there been such an increase in interest in growing food at home. Now many gardens across the country have been sold out for several months. In Austin, Tex, some of the gardens have a three-year waiting list.
George C Ball Jr. owner of a company, said sales of vegetable seeds and plants are up by 40%, over last year, double the average growth of last five years. Mr. Ball argues that some of the reasons have been building for the last few years. The big one is striking rise in the cost on food like bread and milk, together with the increases in the price of fruit and vegetables. Food prices have increase of higher oil price. People are driving less, taking fewer vacations, so there is more time to garden.
（1）What does the word "residents" in Paragraph 1 probably refer to?
A. chickens
B. tomatoes
C. gardens
D. people
（2）Why is vegetable gardening becoming increasingly popular?
A. More Americans are doing it for fun.
B. The price of oil is lower than before.
C. There's a growing need for fruits.
D. The cost of living is on the rise.
（3）Which of the following might be the best title for the text?
A. Family Food Planning
B. Banking on Gardening
C. A Belt-tightening Move
D. Gardening as a Hobby
【答案】（1）A
（2）D
（3）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，越来越多的美国人在自家花园里种菜，分析出现这一现象的原因是由于生活成本的上升和经济的下降，人们不得不自己种菜以降低生活成本。
（1）考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的“The family's old farm house has become a chicken house, its residents arriving next month. ”可知，Cassandra Feeley的旧房子成为了养鸡的地方，下个月新的居民就要来了。这里的新居民就是指他们所养的鸡。故选A。
（2）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的“They are among the growing number of Americans who, driven by higher living costs and a falling economy, have taken up vegetable gardening for the first time.” 可知，菜园的出现是由于生活成本的上升以及经济的下降导致的。故选D。（3）考查主旨大意。纵观全文可知，本文讲述了越来越多的美国人在自家花园里种菜，分析出现这一现象的原因是由于生活成本的上升和经济的下降。文章并没有涉及家庭食物计划和紧缩活动，更不是把园艺当成爱好。故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及推理判断，词义猜测和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，考生需要根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
10．阅读理解
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（1）What do Tour Route 1 and Tour Route 2 have in common?
A. They have cycling activities.
B. They include a visit to Tibet.
C. Visitors enjoy the Three Gorges scenery.
D. Visitors pay the same amount of money.
（2）What is special about Tour Route 2?
A.Tourists can travel by bike.
B.Tourists can visit a huge dam.
C.Tourists can dine with a family.
D.It is the most expensive of the four.
（3）Where can visitors enjoy China's rare animals?
A.Tour Route 1.
B.Tour Route 2.
C.Tour Route 3.
D.Tour Route 4.
【答案】（1）A
（2）B
（3）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四条旅游路线。
（1）kc 细节理解。根据Route 1部分中的“Have a leisurely walk or an exciting bicycle ride on the time-honored City Wall of Xi'an”及 Route 2部分中的“Try biking on the Ming Dynasty City Wall of Xi' an”可知，这两条路线的共同之处是都有骑行活动，故选A。
（2）考查细节理解。根据Route 2部分中的“Enjoy the Three Gorges scenery on Yangtze River”可知，在Route 2中你可以欣赏到长江三峡风光，也就是说Route 2的特别之处是你可以参观三峡大坝，故选B。
（3）考查细节理解。根据Route 4部分中的“Come to Chengdu，the hometown of giant pandas to visit and observe the cute creature”可知，在Route4中你可以看到中国的珍稀动物大熊猫，故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。
11．阅读理解
Scientists at the University of Oxford have developed new artificial intelligence(AI) software to recognize and follow up the faces of chimpanzees(黑猩猩)in the wild. The new software will allow researchers and wildlife conservationists to significantly cut back on time spent analyzing videos, according to the new paper published in Science Advances.
For species(物种)like chimpanzees which have complex social lives and live for many years, getting photos of their behavior taken from short-term field research can only tell us so much," says Dan Schofield, researcher and DPhil student at Oxford University's Private Models Lab, School of Anthropology. "By taking advantage of the power of machine learning to unlock large video files, it makes it possible to measure behavior over the long term."
The computer model was trained using over 10 million images(影像):from Kyoto University s Primate Research Institute(PRI) video files of wild chimpanzees in Guinea, West Africa. The new software is the first to continuously track and recognize individual a wide range of poses, performing with high accuracy in difficult conditions such as low lighting and poor image quality. "Access to this large video file has allowed us to use deep neural networks to train models to a degree that was previously not possible," says Arsha Nagrad, co-auther of the study and DPhil student at the Department of Engineer Science, University of Oxford." Additionally, our new software differs from previous primate face recognition software in that it can be applied to videos with limited manual intervention(人工干预), saving hours of time."
The technology can be potentially used to monitor species for conservation Although the present application focuses on chimpanzees, the AI software provided will be applied to other species, and help drive the adoption of AI systems to solve(解决)a range of problems in the wildlife sciences.
（1）What is the purpose of developing the new soft?
A.To save wildlife researchers' time spent in the labs.
B.To keep track of wildlife conservationists' behaviors.
C.To protect chimpanzees and help them to live longer.
D.To recognize and track the faces of wild chimpanzees.
（2）What does the underlined word "it" in paragraph 2 refer to?
A.Getting photos.
B.Analyzing videos.
C.A powerful machine
D.The new AI software.
（3）What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about?
A.The working principle of the new software.
B.Some limitations of using the new software.
C.The unique advantages of the new software.
D.Controversial attitudes to the new software.
（4）What can be known from the last paragraph?
A.Technology advance is the final goal of science
B.The new software won't just be applied to chimpanzees.
C.AI systems are widely used in the wildlife sciences.
D.The application of the new technology isn't easy.
【答案】（1）D
（2）D
（3）C
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一种新的人工智能软件，这种软件可以识别和追踪黑猩猩的面孔,大大节省了研究者和野生动物保护者的时间，而且它还可以应用到其他的物种研究。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的”Scientists at the University of Oxford have developed new artificial intelligence(AI) software to recognize and follow up the faces of chimpanzees(黑猩猩)in the wild. ”可知，新软件的开发是为了识别和追踪野外黑猩猩的面孔。故选D。
（2）考查代词指代。根据第一段的叙述及第二段中的“By taking advantage of the power of machine learning to unlock large video files…”可推断it指代第一段中提到的新的人工智能软件。故选D。
（3）考查段落大意。根据第四段的叙述可知，本段主要介绍了新软件与其他软件相比所具有的独特的优势。故选C。
（4）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“The technology can be potentially used to monitor species for conservation Although the present application focuses on chimpanzees, the AI software provided will be applied to other species. 可知，新的软件不仅被用在黑猩猩身上，它还将被用于其他物种。故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，代词指代和段落大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推
理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
12．阅读理解
Positive thinking is a significant element of happiness. In order to become a positive thinker, determination and consistency are important. The first thing to know about positive thinking is that everyone can do it. With certain cognitive (认知的) and behavioral changes, we can all become positive thinkers. Another important factor is that being a positive thinker does not mean you become numb to anything that is not working properly in your life or is negative - it just means that you approach life and face challenges with a healthier outlook.
Instead of selectively attending to negative events, focus on the positive ones. Then pay attention to the delayed consequences of your behavior rather than the immediate ones. For example, if a job is not going like you want, focus on the fact that you have a job and how you can take your time to make the situation better.
Challenge any internal attributions and see if you compare your behavior to standards that are excessively rigid and perfectionistic. If so, change these and be reasonable with your comparisons. For example, if you constantly compare your weaknesses with other people's strengths, then switch this and compare yourself with those who are doing poorer than you as well. Overall, people who focus more on their strengths than their weaknesses but at the same time are aware of their weaknesses have a healthier self-evaluation result.
When faced with too much fear about a situation, imagine the worst case and visualize a solution for it, then let go of fear. This way, you will be prepared for anything and your fear will not block you from being open and creative to different solutions. For example, if you are constantly worried about losing your job up to a point where it is creating a lot of anxiety and fear and is effecting your performance and your happiness negatively, then think of losing your job, visualize how you will handle it, find solutions in your mind and then let go of the thought and the fear attached to it.
So positive thinkers are better problem solvers and have better interactions. In addition to that, people who are positive thinkers are happier and more satisfied with their life.
（1）Why is positive thinking a significant element of happiness?
A. It means that one is blind to the troubles and difficulties that exist.
B. It means that one constantly compares everything with other people's.
C. It means that one is strong in mind and has nothing to be afraid of.
D. It means that one approaches life and faces challenges more healthily.
（2）What does the text suggest about the job you don't like?
A. Quitting it and finding a better one.
B. Keeping and trying to make it better.
C. Being negative and numb to it.
D. Challenging yourself with a new outlook.
（3）What does the author intend to tell us in paragraph 4?
A. Be prepared for the worst: and let go of fear.
B. Being constantly worried will lose your job.
C. Fear will prevent you being open and creative.
D. There is nothing to fear if well prepared.
（4）What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. How to focus on the positive events
B. How to be a positive thinker
C. What to do when faced with fear
D. What to know of self-evaluation
【答案】（1）D
（2）B
（3）A
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文为是一篇议论文，积极的思考是幸福的重要组成部分。要想成为一个积极的思考者，决心和毅力必不可少。首先你要知道，每个人都能成为积极思考者。只要改善一定的认知和行为,我们都可以做到。文章论述了如何成为一个积极的思考者。（1）考查推理判断。根据第一段中的” Another important factor is that being a positive thinker does not mean you become numb to anything that is not working properly in your life or is negative - it just means that you approach life and face challenges with a h ealthier outlook.“另一个重要的因素是，做一个积极的思考者并不意味着你对生活中任何不完美的事情麻木不仁或是带有悲观的色彩——这只是意味着你以一种更健康的态度对待生活和面对挑战，可推知，积极思考能让一个人更健康地对待生活和面对挑战，这也是一个人感到幸福的重要因素。故选D。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的”For example, if a job is not going like you want, focus on the fact that you have a job and h ow you can take your time to make the situation better.“例如，如果一份工作不像你想要的那样，把注意力集中在你有一份工作这个事实上，以及你如何花时间让情况变得更好，可知，当你有一份不喜欢的工作的时候，你应该坚持并努力让它变得更好。故选B。
（3）考查段落大意。第四段中的”When faced with too much fear about a situation, imagine the worst case and visualize a solu tion for it, then let go of fear.“当面对太多的恐惧时，想象最坏的情况，想象一个解决方案，然后放下恐惧。是主题句，也是本段论述的主题。故选A。
（4）考查主旨大意。纵观全文可知，本文论述了如何成为一个积极的思考者。因此，B项“如何成为一个积极的思考者”适合做本文最佳标题。故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断，段落大意和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息的基础上，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正确答案。
13．（2019?天津）阅读理解
Would you BET on the future of this man？He is 53 years old. Most of his adult life has been a losing struggle against debt and misfortune. A war injury has made his left hand stop functioning, and he has often been in prison. Driven by heaven-knows-what motives, he determines to write a book.
The book turns out to be one that has appealed to the world for more than 350 years. That former prisoner was Cervantes, and the book was Don Quixote（《堂吉诃德》）. And the story poses an interesting question: why do some people discover new vitality and creativity to the end
阅读理解训练50篇（1） 1 Doctors say anger can be an extremely damaging emotion, unless you learn how to deal with it. They warn that anger can lead to heart disease, stomach problems, headaches, emotional problems and possibly cancer. Anger is a normal emotion that we all feel from time to time. Some people express anger openly in a calm reasonable way. Others burst with anger, and scream and yell.But other people keep their anger inside. They can not or will not express it. This is called repressing anger. For years many doctors thought that repressing anger was more dangerous to a person's health than expressing it. They said that when a person is angry, the brain releases the same hor- mones (荷尔蒙).They speed the heart rate, raise blood pressure, or sugar into the blood, etC．In general the person feels excited and ready to act. Some doctors say that both repressing and expressing anger can be dangerous. They believe that those who express anger violently may be more likely to develop heart disease, and they believe that those who keep their anger inside may face a greater danger of high blood pressure. Doctors say the solution is learning how to deal with anger. They say the first step is to admit that you are angry and to recognize the real cause of the anger, then decide if the cause is serious enough to get angry about. If it is, they say, “Do not express your anger while angry. Wait until your anger has cooled down and you are able to express yourself calmly and reasonably.” Doctors say that a good way to deal with anger is to find humor in the situation that has made you angry. They said that laughter is much healthier than anger. 1．“Damaging emotion” means t hat _________. A．the emotion is harmless B．the emotion is harmful C．the feeling is very strong D．the feeling is hard 2．What statement is right? A．Were you angry, you would be cancered (得癌症). B．Once you are angry, you must be cancered. C．Angry as you are often, you can't be cancered, D．Anger may cause you a cancer. 3．Expressing anger violently _________ repressing it according to some scientists. A．is just the same as B．is more harmful than C．is no better than D．is much better than 4．According to the author, you'd better _________. A．never be angry B．cool it down before you express it C．laugh and laugh when you get angry D．admit you are wrong when you are angry 二
（英语）高三英语阅读理解解析版汇编 一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 In America, parents tend to encourage their children to develop their potential (潜能) to the fullest extent. Fathers and mothers frequently teach their children both ambition and the confidence necessary to work toward their goals. American parents are always active in concentrating on what their kids can do, not what they can't. As a result, millions of American boys and girls grow up hoping to become actors and athletes, diplomats and doctors. Many of them even want to become president. American parents often encourage their children to become involved in extra activities of all types at school, such as student government, sports and music. They believe that only through taking part in these activities can their children become mature young adults. As we all know, school work is important. But parents should realize that the social skills their children learn from natural conversations with each other are as important as schoolwork and the skills they will need in the future work. What's more important in their work is that their children should have a sound knowledge of physics or the ability to communicate effectively. As a rule, Chinese parents don't educate their children about the same kind of ambition and confidence as Americans do, nor do they encourage the same level of participation in extra activities. Children are typically advised to study hard and pass exams. They have to spend a lot of time in doing much schoolwork every day. It is a great waste of time to do so. Now more and more Chinese parents have recognized that they should pay attention to developing the potential of their children. I hope that leaders in Chinese educational circles should take some measures to develop the potential of their children. I am very confident about it. （1）From the passage, we know the American parents pay much more attention to . A. the social skills than Chinese parents B. their children's studying hard and well C. what their children want but they can't D. extra activities than schoolwork （2）According to the passage, Chinese parents . A. know more than American parents to educate their children B. owning ambition and confidence is necessary and important C. pay much more attention to their children's fine future D. don't encourage their children to participate in extra activities （3）From the passage, we can infer . A. American children are brave and adventurous B. American children are more active in their studies C. Chinese children have the ability to communicate effectively D. something should be done to develop the potential of the children in China （4）What's the writer's attitude towards Chinese education reform? A. Neutral. B. Indifferent. C. Positive. D. Negative. 【答案】（1）A
海淀区2015高考英语阅读理解训练（6）（答案） 【2015高考复习】阅读理解 “The U．S.Food and Drug Administration(FDA)is considering to put stricter limits over tanning salons(晒黑廊)and wants to ban anyone younger than 18 years of age from using a tanning bed，”an advisory panel(专家团)announced last week. The panel is calling for tighter controls on the industry such as requiring teenagers to get the approval from their parents before using tanning beds or limiting the use of artificial tanning to a certain age.“Given the absence of any demonstra ted benefits，I think it is an obligation for us to ban artificial tanning for those under 18，”said panelist Dr.Michael Olding. Along with a possible ban for teenagers，the panel also recommended that visible warning labels should be placed either on the tanning machines or in the salons in order to caution tanners of the possible dangers.In addition，the committee decided that stricter regulations and classifications were critical to make the machines safe r.At this time the machines are categorized as FDA Class 1 devices，the ones that are least likely to cause harm.In case the FDA decided to change their classification from Class 1 to Class 2，as advised by the panel，the FDA could limit the levels of radiation the machines emit.Class 2 devices include X-ray m achines and powered wheelchairs. Getting a tan，whether from a tanning bed or the sun，increases the risk of developing skin https://www.doczj.com/doc/8b13312168.html,st year，the World Health Organization's International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC)decla red tanning beds as “carcin ogenic(致癌的)to humans”．It was discovered that young individuals in their teens and 20s who use tanning beds on a regular basis have a 75 per cent higher risk of suffering from melanoma(黑素瘤)，the deadliest form of skin cancer.According to the American Cancer Society，melanoma accounted for nearly 69,000 cases of skin cancer in 2009 and will account for most (about 8,650)of the 11,590 mortality cases due to skin cancer each year. 【语篇解读】随着人们审美观的变化，越来越多的人希望自己拥有健康的古铜色皮肤。于是日光浴和晒黑廊相应而生。晒黑真的能使人拥有健康的皮肤吗？专家告诉我们并非如此。针对这种情况，美国食品药物管理局又会做何行动呢？ 20．According to the passage，what measures will U．S.FDA most probably take? A．Banning tanning salons. B．Posing heavier tax over tanning salons.
高考英语阅读理解专项训练及答案及解析 一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is gaining global popularity. According to a government white paper, TCM has been introduced in 183 countries and regions around the world. Westerners' understanding of TCM, however, may be limited to acupuncture, cupping and massage(针灸，拔罐和按摩). For instance, the purple, injury-like marks left on U. S. swimmer Michael Phelps，back from cupping for the purpose of relaxing his muscles and reducing pain became the center of attention during the Rio Olympics in 2016. As a matter of fact, Chinese herbs play a more important role in getting rid of diseases and keeping the body in good condition in the TCM treatment system than physical treatment. It is therefore disheartening to know that while 103 World Health Organization member countries have given approval to the practice of acupuncture, not many recognize Chinese herbal medicine. TCM falls far behind Western medicine owing partly to the slow development of Chinese herbs. Herbs are made into pills, powder and soup, and the kind of herbs used, their quality and quantity, and the processing of the ingredients (原材料) jointly determine the effectiveness of the prescription. Compared with Western medicine, which has standardized drug production processes and treatment methods, TCM lacks standardization, with the chemical composition and functions of its medicines being unclear and their effects being unstable. Fortunately, standardization has improved in recent decades, with an increasing number of factories producing patented TCM drugs. Another factor that has prevented the development of TCM prescription drugs is the lack of creativity. While Western medicine-making companies come up with new products every year, TCM drug producers tend to make medicines according to prescriptions handed down from the past. Chinese chemist Tu Youyou's winning the 2015 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for her research into malaria (疟疾) treatment may drive creativity to some extent in China's TCM industry. However, the current state of affairs cannot be changed within a short time. （1）Why does the author mention the example of Michael Phelps? A. Because he was injured in his swimming. B. Because cupping is a kind of important TCM treatment. C. Because westerners know a little about TCM. D. Because westerners attach great importance to TCM. （2）Why don't some member countries of WHO recognize Chinese herbal medicine? A. Because Chinese herbs can get rid of diseases. B. Because they only approve the practice of acupuncture. C. Because Western medicine is more effective. D. Because medicine made out of Chinese herbs develops slowly. （3）Compared with Western medicine, what is the weak point of TCM in Paragraph 4? A. The methods of planting herbs. B. The effectiveness of prescription. C. Lacking in standardization. D. Its stable functions.
I watched from a distance as the homeless man quarreled with those who did not leave money for him – the majority. I walked up to him and right on queue he asked me for a quarter. ―I’ll give you a quarter if you tell me your story.‖ He laughed, ―You’ll give me a quarter for my story?‖ I lay the quarter in front of him and corrected myself –―Nah, here’s the quarter but it would be nice to hear your story.‖ I followed his eyes to the quarter and for a brief moment I saw a glimmer of reflection. I sat down next to him and waited. ―I was in the army,‖ he said. ―I was a sniper(狙击手)and was supposed to shoot down the enemy from the distance.‖ I listened carefully to his grizzly voice as he went deeper into the story. He wore dirty old torn clothes and smelled like a dead rat left in a mouse trap. He told me how he used to hunt with his family and was really good at it. He had his own way of respecting animals by not wasting what he killed for food and not killing more than he needed. When the army came knocking on his door, he felt pride and joined up. All those years of polishing his hunting skills could now serve a larger purpose—to defend us from the bad guys. He set out to fight in Iraq. It wasn’t long before he realized his ideals and expectations were just a shadow of the truth. He became disillusioned with the killings, which he felt were of innocent people. ―I was a sniper but I never really killed anyone,‖ he said. ―One day I had to do it. They asked me to shoot this lady from the distance. I saw kids near that lady and my hands were on the trigger (扳机). Man, I was tearing up ... I couldn’t do it. She wasn’t doing anything to anyone and she was with the kids—I couldn’t see through my tears. It just didn’t make any sense to me.‖ The story goes on as he describes eventually being put into prison for 180 days for refusing to follow orders. He told me how he was black listed so that he couldn’t get a job. All the rights we take for granted were taken away from him. Why? Here was a man who was being punished—and for what? For refusing to kill the lady? For being a hero? ―I have no regrets,‖ the homeless man said. ―I may be homeless now, but I never killed that lady. I never killed anyone in the army. It didn’t feel right. I didn’t go there to do that. I went there to save people.‖ He continued, ―I can live with being homeless—that’s okay. But I wouldn’t be able to live with killing innocent people.‖ On that lonely Friday night, I met a hero. It just never occurred to me that a hero could be a smelly old man left on streets. 1. It can be learned from the passage that the homeless man_______. （） A. never killed animals B. had a strong respect for life C. deserved the punishment he received D. felt guilty about disobeying the order
高三英语阅读理解专项训练及答案含解析 一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 Average humans can consume 15 or more drinks in plastic bottles a month. If you were born after 1978, and live until 80 years old, you will leave behind a minimum of 14,400 plastic bottles on this planet. These bottles take hundreds of years to break down into tiny pieces of plastic, never to completely disappear. Most of the waste is consumed by fish and birds, which has shortened their lifetime greatly. The Plastic Bottle Village is just a great idea that might finally save us from being buried in plastic. It's a community in Panama that is going to be made of used bottles. The design process begins with building steel frames, which are then filled with these bottles. Once this step is complete, and electrical and plumbing (管道装置) lines are put inside, the plastic walls are covered by concrete—both inside and outside. So no one will actually be able to tell that the walls are made of plastic. Besides, the material will keep the house 17°C cooler than the outside, which is the biggest benefit to people living inside. The village is the brainchild (主意) of Robert Bezeau with the intention of setting up several environmental projects. Having started a recycling program four years ago, during which a number of plastic bottles were collected, he started to think of how they could be put to use. Soon enough, he decided to use them to build houses, and came up with a basic idea for the construction process. The project hopes to make people conscious of the waste that these bottles create so that they can do more to protect the environment. The village will also create an education center that will teach individuals from the world how to reuse plastic bottles as construction materials for shelter. Recycled bottles could neutralize the negative effect of your passage on this planet, and move closer to leaving only your “footprints”. （1）What does Paragraph 1 intend to tell us? A. The reason for buying fewer drinks. B. The difficult situation of wildlife. C. The amount of plastic waste. D. The seriousness of plastic pollution. （2）What is the biggest benefit to people living in the Plastic Bottle Village? A. The house will be much cooler than normal ones. B. The material of construction will be reduced a lot. C. The newly-made house can save a lot of electricity. D. The waste of the house can be consumed by fish and birds. （3）Which of the following words can best describe Robert? A. Creative. B. Courageous. C. Enthusiastic. D. Sensitive.（4）The main purpose of Robert's projects is to A. provide shelter for locals B. reuse all deserted plastic bottles C. popularize the use of plastic bottles D. raise people's environmental awareness 【答案】（1）D （2）A
高考英语阅读理解练习题及答案及解析 一、高中英语阅读理解 1．阅读理解 I was born on the 17th of November 1828, in the village of Nam Ping, which is about four miles southwest of the Portuguese Colony (殖民地) of Macao, and is located on Pedro Island lying west of Macao, from which it is separated by a channel of half a mile wide. As early as 1834, an English lady, Mrs. Gutzlaff, wife of a missionary to China, came to Macao. Supported by the Ladies' Association in London for the promotion of female education in India and the East, she immediately took up the work of starting a girls' school for Chinese girls, which was soon followed by the opening of a boys' school. Mrs. Gutzlaff's comprador(买办) happened to come from my village and was actually my father's friend and neighbor. It was through him that my parents heard about Mrs. Gutzlaff's school and it was doubtlessly through his influence and means that my father got me admitted into the school. It has always been a mystery to me why my parents should put me into a foreign school, instead of a traditional Confucian school, where my big brother was placed. Most certainly such a step would have been more suitable for Chinese public opinion, taste, and the wants of the country, than to allow me to attend an English school. Moreover, a Chinese belief is the only avenue in China that leads to political promotion, influence, power and wealth. I can only guess that as foreign communication with China was just beginning to grow, my parents hoped that it might be worthwhile to put one of their sons to learning English. In this way he might become an interpreter and have a more advantageous position to enter the business and diplomatic world. I am wondering if that influenced my parents to put me into Mrs. Gutzlaff's School. As to what other sequences it has eventually brought about in my later life, they were entirely left in the hands of God. （1）How was the author admitted to Mrs. Gutzlaff's school? A. Through his father's friend's help. B. Through his own efforts to exams. C. Through his father's request. D. Through Mrs. Gutzlaff's influence. （2）Why did the author's parents put him into an English school？ A. An English school was more influential. B. Foreign trade with China was developing fast. C. It met with Chinese public opinion. D. He could become a successful interpreter. （3）What did the author think of his parents' decision to put him into an English school? A. It was skeptical. B. It was mysterious. C. It was thoughtful. D. It was wonderful.【答案】（1）A （2）D （3）B 【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，小时候父亲送作者去英语学校而不是中文学校，并分析了具体原因。 （1）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Mrs. Gutzlaff's comprador(买办) happened to come from my village and was actually my father's friend and neighbor. It was through him that my parents heard about Mrs. Gutzlaff's school”可知，作者是通过父亲朋友的帮助进入到Mrs.