2016长宁宝山嘉定青浦高三二模卷
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2016年上海市长宁区、青浦区、宝山区、嘉定区高考数学二模试卷(理科)一、填空题1.(5分)设集合A={x||x|<2,x∈R},B={x|x2﹣4x+3≥0,x∈R},则A∩B=.2.(5分)已知i为虚数单位,复数z满足=i,则|z|=.3.(5分)设a>0且a≠1,若函数f(x)=a x﹣1+2的反函数的图象经过定点P,则点P的坐标是.4.(5分)计算:=.5.(5分)在平面直角坐标系内,直线l:2x+y﹣2=0,将l与两坐标轴围成的封闭图形绕y 轴旋转一周,所得几何体的体积为.6.(5分)已知sin2θ+sinθ=0,θ∈(,π),则tan2θ=.7.(5分)定义在R上的偶函数y=f(x),当x≥0时,f(x)=2x﹣4,则不等式f(x)≤0的解集是.8.(5分)在平面直角坐标系xOy中,有一定点A(1,1),若OA的垂直平分线过抛物线C:y2=2px(p>0)的焦点,则抛物线C的方程为.9.(5分)直线(t为参数)与曲线(θ为参数)的公共点的坐标为.10.(5分)记的展开式中第m项的系数为b m,若b3=2b4,则n=.11.(5分)从所有棱长均为2的正四棱锥的5个顶点中任取3个点,设随机变量ξ表示这三个点所构成的三角形的面积,则其数学期望Eξ=.12.(5分)若数列{a n}是正项数列,且++…+=n2+3n(n∈N*),则++…+=.13.(5分)甲、乙两人同时参加一次数学测试,共10道选择题,每题均有四个选项,答对得3分,答错或不答得0分,甲和乙都解答了所有试题,经比较,他们只有2道题的选项不同,如果甲乙的最终得分的和为54分,那么乙的所有可能的得分值组成的集合为.14.(5分)已知a>0,函数f(x)=x﹣(x∈[1,2])的图象的两个端点分别为A、B,设M是函数f(x)图象上任意一点,过M作垂直于x轴的直线l,且l与线段AB交于点N,若|MN|≤1恒成立,则a的最大值是.二、选择题15.(5分)sin x=0是cos x=1的()A.充分不必要条件B.必要不充分条件C.充要条件D.既不充分也不必要条件16.(5分)下列命题正确的是()A.若直线l1∥平面α,直线l2∥平面α,则l1∥l2B.若直线l上有两个点到平面α的距离相等,则l∥αC.直线l与平面α所成角的取值范围是(0,)D.若直线l1⊥平面α,直线l2⊥平面α,则l1∥l217.(5分)已知、是平面内两个互相垂直的单位向量,若向量满足(﹣)•(﹣)=0,则||的最大值是()A.1B.2C.D.18.(5分)已知函数f(x)=,若存在实数x1,x2,x3,x4满足f(x1)=f(x2)=f(x3)=f(x4),其中x1<x2<x3<x4,则x1x2x3x4取值范围是()A.(60,96)B.(45,72)C.(30,48)D.(15,24)三、解答题19.(12分)如图,在直三棱柱ABC﹣A1B1C1中,△ABC是等腰直角三角形,AC=BC=AA1=2,D为侧棱AA1的中点(1)求证:BC⊥平面ACC1A1;(2)求二面角B1﹣CD﹣C1的大小(结果用反三角函数值表示)20.(12分)已知函数f(x)=sinωx+cos(ωx+)+cos(ωx﹣)﹣1(ω>0),x∈R,且函数的最小正周期为π:(1)求函数f(x)的解析式;(2)在△ABC中,角A、B、C所对的边分别是a、b、c,若f(B)=0,•=,且a+c=4,试求b的值.21.(12分)定义在D上的函数f(x),若满足:对任意x∈D,存在常数M>0,都有|f(x)|≤M成立,则称f(x)是D上的有界函数,其中M称为函数f(x)的上界.(1)设f(x)=,判断f(x)在[﹣,]上是否有有界函数,若是,说明理由,并写出f(x)上所有上界的值的集合,若不是,也请说明理由;(2)若函数g(x)=1+2x+a•4x在x∈[0,2]上是以3为上界的有界函数,求实数a的取值范围.22.(12分)如图,设F是椭圆+=1的下焦点,直线y=kx﹣4(k>0)与椭圆相交于A、B两点,与y轴交于点P(1)若=,求k的值;(2)求证:∠AFP=∠BF0;(3)求面积△ABF的最大值.23.(12分)已知正项数列{a n},{b n}满足:对任意正整数n,都有a n,b n,a n+1成等差数列,b n,a n+1,b n+1成等比数列,且a1=10,a2=15.(Ⅰ)求证:数列是等差数列;(Ⅱ)求数列{a n},{b n}的通项公式;(Ⅲ)设,如果对任意正整数n,不等式恒成立,求实数a的取值范围.2016年上海市长宁区、青浦区、宝山区、嘉定区高考数学二模试卷(理科)参考答案与试题解析一、填空题1.(5分)设集合A={x||x|<2,x∈R},B={x|x2﹣4x+3≥0,x∈R},则A∩B=(﹣2,1].【解答】解:A={x||x|<2,x∈R}={x|﹣2<x<2},B={x|x2﹣4x+3≥0,x∈R}={x|x≥3或x≤1},则A∩B={x|﹣2<x≤1},故答案为:(﹣2,1].2.(5分)已知i为虚数单位,复数z满足=i,则|z|=1.【解答】解:设z=a+bi,则==i,∴1﹣a﹣bi=﹣b+(a+1)i,∴,解得,故z=﹣i,|z|=1,故答案为:1.3.(5分)设a>0且a≠1,若函数f(x)=a x﹣1+2的反函数的图象经过定点P,则点P的坐标是(3,1).【解答】解:∵函数f(x)=a x﹣1+2经过定点(1,3),∴函数f(x)的反函数的图象经过定点P(3,1),故答案为:(3,1).4.(5分)计算:=.【解答】解:===.故答案为:.5.(5分)在平面直角坐标系内,直线l:2x+y﹣2=0,将l与两坐标轴围成的封闭图形绕y轴旋转一周,所得几何体的体积为.【解答】解:由题意可知:V=,∴V=π(y3﹣),=.方法二:由题意可知绕y轴旋转,形成的是以1为半径,2为高的圆锥,则V=•π×12×2=,故答案为.6.(5分)已知sin2θ+sinθ=0,θ∈(,π),则tan2θ=.【解答】解:∵sin2θ+sinθ=0,⇒2sinθcosθ+sinθ=0,⇒sinθ(2cosθ+1)=0,∵θ∈(,π),sinθ≠0,∴2cosθ+1=0,解得:cosθ=﹣,∴tanθ=﹣=﹣,∴tan2θ==.故答案为:.7.(5分)定义在R上的偶函数y=f(x),当x≥0时,f(x)=2x﹣4,则不等式f(x)≤0的解集是[﹣2,2].【解答】解:当x≥0时,由f(x)=2x﹣4=0得x=2,且当x≥0时,函数f(x)为增函数,∵f(x)是偶函数,∴不等式f(x)≤0等价为f(|x|)≤f(2),即|x|≤2,即﹣2≤x≤2,即不等式的解集为[﹣2,2],故答案为:[﹣2,2].8.(5分)在平面直角坐标系xOy中,有一定点A(1,1),若OA的垂直平分线过抛物线C:y2=2px(p>0)的焦点,则抛物线C的方程为y2=4x.【解答】解:∵点A(1,1),依题意我们容易求得直线的方程为x+y﹣1=0,把焦点坐标(,0)代入可求得焦参数p=2,从而得到抛物线C的方程为:y2=4x.故答案为:y2=4x.9.(5分)直线(t为参数)与曲线(θ为参数)的公共点的坐标为(0,1),(,﹣2).【解答】解:先求参数t得直线的普通方程为2x+y=1,即y=1﹣2x消去参数θ得曲线的普通方程为y2=1+2x,将y=1﹣2x代入y2=1+2x,得(1﹣2x)2=1+2x,即1﹣4x+4x2=1+2x,则4x2=6x,得x=0或x=,当x=0时,y=1,当x=时,y=1﹣2×=1﹣3=﹣2,即公共点到坐标为(0,1),(,﹣2)故答案为:(0,1),(,﹣2)10.(5分)记的展开式中第m项的系数为b m,若b3=2b4,则n=5.【解答】解:根据二项式定理,可得,根据题意,可得2n﹣2•∁n2=2×2n﹣3•∁n3,解得n=5,故答案为5.11.(5分)从所有棱长均为2的正四棱锥的5个顶点中任取3个点,设随机变量ξ表示这三个点所构成的三角形的面积,则其数学期望Eξ=.【解答】解:如图所有棱长均为2的正四棱锥S﹣ABCD中,ABCD是边长为2的正方形,SO⊥底面ABCD,SO=AO=,S△SAB=S△SBC=S△SCD=S△SAD==,S△ABD=S△BCD=S△ADC=S△ABD==2,S△SBD=S△SAC==2,∴ξ的可能取值为,P(ξ=)=,P(ξ=2)=,Eξ==.故答案为:.12.(5分)若数列{a n}是正项数列,且++…+=n2+3n(n∈N*),则++…+=2n2+6n.【解答】解:令n=1,得=4,∴a 1=16.当n≥2时,++…+=(n﹣1)2+3(n﹣1).与已知式相减,得=(n2+3n)﹣(n﹣1)2﹣3(n﹣1)=2n+2,∴a n=4(n+1)2,n=1时,a1适合a n.∴a n=4(n+1)2,∴=4n+4,∴++…+==2n2+6n.故答案为2n2+6n13.(5分)甲、乙两人同时参加一次数学测试,共10道选择题,每题均有四个选项,答对得3分,答错或不答得0分,甲和乙都解答了所有试题,经比较,他们只有2道题的选项不同,如果甲乙的最终得分的和为54分,那么乙的所有可能的得分值组成的集合为{24,27,30}.【解答】解:若甲全对,则乙的得分为54﹣3×10=24,则此时乙做对了8道题,则甲乙恰有2道题的选项不同,若乙全对,则甲的得分为54﹣3×10=24,则此时甲做对了8道题,则甲乙恰有2道题的选项不同,若甲做错了一道,则乙的得分为54﹣3×9=27,则此时乙做对了9道题,即甲乙错的题目不是同一道题,故乙的得分为{24,27,30},故答案为{24,27,30}.14.(5分)已知a>0,函数f(x)=x﹣(x∈[1,2])的图象的两个端点分别为A、B,设M是函数f(x)图象上任意一点,过M作垂直于x轴的直线l,且l与线段AB交于点N,若|MN|≤1恒成立,则a的最大值是6+4.【解答】解:∵f(x)=x﹣(x∈[1,2]),a>0,∴A(1,1﹣a),B(2,2﹣)∴直线l的方程为y=(1+)(x﹣1)+1﹣a设M(t,t﹣)∴N(t,(1+)(t﹣1)+1﹣a)∵|MN|≤1恒成立∴|(1+)(t﹣1)+1﹣a﹣(t﹣)|≤1恒成立∴|a|≤1∵g(t)=t2﹣3t+2,在t∈[1,2]上小于等于0恒成立∴﹣a≤1①t=1或t=2时,0≤1恒成立.②t∈(1,2)时,a≤=∴由基本不等式得:a≤=4+6此时t=∴a的最大值为6+4二、选择题15.(5分)sin x=0是cos x=1的()A.充分不必要条件B.必要不充分条件C.充要条件D.既不充分也不必要条件【解答】解:若sin x=0,则x=kπ,k∈Z,此时cos x=1或cos x=﹣1,即充分性不成立,若cos x=1,则x=2kπ,k∈Z,此时sin x=0,即必要性成立,故sin x=0是cos x=1的必要不充分条件,故选:B.16.(5分)下列命题正确的是()A.若直线l1∥平面α,直线l2∥平面α,则l1∥l2B.若直线l上有两个点到平面α的距离相等,则l∥αC.直线l与平面α所成角的取值范围是(0,)D.若直线l1⊥平面α,直线l2⊥平面α,则l1∥l2【解答】解:对于A,若直线l1∥平面α,直线l2∥平面α,则l1与l2可能平行,可能相交,也可能异面,故A错误.对于B,若直线l与平面α相交于O点,在交点两侧各取A,B两点使得OA=OB,则A,B到平面α的距离相等,但直线l与α不平行,故B错误.对于C,当直线l⊂α或l∥α时,直线l与平面α所成的角为0,当l⊥α时,直线l与平面α所成的角为,故C错误.对于D,由定理“垂直于同一个平面的两条直线平行“可知D正确.故选:D.17.(5分)已知、是平面内两个互相垂直的单位向量,若向量满足(﹣)•(﹣)=0,则||的最大值是()A.1B.2C.D.【解答】解:由题意可得•=0,可得|+|==,(﹣)•(﹣)=2+•﹣•(+)=||2﹣||•|+|cos<(+,>=0,即为||=cos<+,>,当cos<+,>=1即+,同向时,||的最大值是.故选:C.18.(5分)已知函数f(x)=,若存在实数x1,x2,x3,x4满足f(x1)=f(x2)=f(x3)=f(x4),其中x1<x2<x3<x4,则x1x2x3x4取值范围是()A.(60,96)B.(45,72)C.(30,48)D.(15,24)【解答】解:函数f(x)的图象如下图所示:若满足f(x1)=f(x2)=f(x3)=f(x4),其中x1<x2<x3<x4,则0<x1<1,1<x1<3,则log3x1=﹣log3x2,即log3x1+log3x2=log3x1x2=0,则x1x2=1,同时x3∈(3,6),x4∈(12,15),∵x3,x4关于x=9对称,∴=9,则x3+x4=18,则x4=18﹣x3,则x1x2x3x4=x3x4=x3(18﹣x3)=﹣x32+18x3=﹣(x3﹣9)2+81,∵x3∈(3,6),∴x3x4∈(45,72),即x1x2x3x4∈(45,72),故选:B.三、解答题19.(12分)如图,在直三棱柱ABC﹣A1B1C1中,△ABC是等腰直角三角形,AC=BC=AA1=2,D为侧棱AA1的中点(1)求证:BC⊥平面ACC1A1;(2)求二面角B1﹣CD﹣C1的大小(结果用反三角函数值表示)【解答】证明:(1)∵底面△ABC是等腰直角三角形,且AC=BC∴AC⊥BC,∵CC1⊥平面A1B1C1,∴CC1⊥BC,∵AC∩CC1=C,∴BC⊥平面ACC1A1.解:(2)以C为原点,直线CA,CB,CC1为x,y,z轴,建立空间直角坐标系,则C(0,0,0),A(2,0,0),B(0,2,0),C1(0,0,2),B1(0,2,2),D(2,0,1),由(1)得=(0,2,0)是平面ACC1A1的一个法向量,=(0,2,2),=(2,0,1),设平面B1CD的一个法向量=(x,y,z),则,取x=1,得=(1,2,﹣2),设二面角B1﹣CD﹣C1的平面角为θ,则cosθ===,由图形知二面角B1﹣CD﹣C1的大小是锐角,∴二面角B1﹣CD﹣C1的大小为arccos.20.(12分)已知函数f(x)=sinωx+cos(ωx+)+cos(ωx﹣)﹣1(ω>0),x∈R,且函数的最小正周期为π:(1)求函数f(x)的解析式;(2)在△ABC中,角A、B、C所对的边分别是a、b、c,若f(B)=0,•=,且a+c=4,试求b的值.【解答】解:(1)f(x)=sinωx+cos(ωx+)+cos(ωx﹣)﹣1==.∵T=,∴ω=2.则f(x)=2sin(2x)﹣1;(2)由f(B)==0,得.∴或,k∈Z.∵B是三角形内角,∴B=.而=ac•cos B=,∴ac=3.又a+c=4,∴a2+c2=(a+c)2﹣2ac=16﹣2×3=10.∴b2=a2+c2﹣2ac•cos B=7.则b=.21.(12分)定义在D上的函数f(x),若满足:对任意x∈D,存在常数M>0,都有|f(x)|≤M成立,则称f(x)是D上的有界函数,其中M称为函数f(x)的上界.(1)设f(x)=,判断f(x)在[﹣,]上是否有有界函数,若是,说明理由,并写出f(x)上所有上界的值的集合,若不是,也请说明理由;(2)若函数g(x)=1+2x+a•4x在x∈[0,2]上是以3为上界的有界函数,求实数a的取值范围.【解答】解:(1)f(x)==1﹣,则f(x)在[﹣,]上是增函数;故f(﹣)≤f(x)≤f();故﹣1≤f(x)≤;故|f(x)|≤1;故f(x)是有界函数;故f(x)上所有上界的值的集合为[1,+∞);(2)∵函数g(x)=1+2x+a•4x在x∈[0,2]上是以3为上界的有界函数,∴|g(x)|≤3在[0,2]上恒成立;即﹣3≤g(x)≤3,∴﹣3≤1+2x+a•4x≤3,∴﹣﹣≤a≤﹣;令t=,则t∈[,1];故﹣4t2﹣t≤a≤2t2﹣t在[,1]上恒成立;故(﹣4t2﹣t)max≤a≤(2t2﹣t)min,t∈[,1];即﹣≤a≤﹣;故实数a的取值范围为[﹣,﹣].22.(12分)如图,设F是椭圆+=1的下焦点,直线y=kx﹣4(k>0)与椭圆相交于A、B两点,与y轴交于点P(1)若=,求k的值;(2)求证:∠AFP=∠BF0;(3)求面积△ABF的最大值.【解答】解:(1)联立,得(3k2+4)x2﹣24kx+36=0,∵直线y=kx﹣4(k>0)与椭圆相交于A、B两点,∴△=144(k2﹣4)>0,即k>2或k <﹣2,设A(x1,y1),B(x2,y2),则,,∵,∴x2=2x1,代入上式,解得k=.证明:(2)由图形得要证明∠AFP=∠BFO,等价于证明直线AF与直线BF的倾斜角互补,即等价于k AF+k BF=0,k AF+k BF=+==2k﹣3()=2k﹣=2k﹣2k=0,∴∠AFP=∠BFO.解:(3)∵k>2或k<﹣2,∴S△ABF=S△PBF﹣S△P AF===.令t=,则t>0,3k2+4=3t2+16,∴S△ABF===≤=,当且仅当3t=,即t2=,k=取等号,∴△ABF面积的最大值为.23.(12分)已知正项数列{a n},{b n}满足:对任意正整数n,都有a n,b n,a n+1成等差数列,b n,a n+1,b n+1成等比数列,且a1=10,a2=15.(Ⅰ)求证:数列是等差数列;(Ⅱ)求数列{a n},{b n}的通项公式;(Ⅲ)设,如果对任意正整数n,不等式恒成立,求实数a的取值范围.【解答】解:(Ⅰ)由已知,得2b n=a n+a n+1①,a n+12=b n•b n+1②.由②得③.将③代入①得,对任意n≥2,n∈N*,有.即.∴是等差数列.(4分)(Ⅱ)设数列的公差为d,由a1=10,a2=15.经计算,得.∴.∴.∴,.(9分)(Ⅲ)由(1)得.∴.不等式化为.即(a﹣1)n2+(3a﹣6)n﹣8<0.设f(n)=(a﹣1)n2+(3a﹣6)n﹣8,则f(n)<0对任意正整数n恒成立.当a﹣1>0,即a>1时,不满足条件;当a﹣1=0,即a=1时,满足条件;当a﹣1<0,即a<1时,f(n)的对称轴为,f(n)关于n递减,因此,只需f(1)=4a﹣15<0.解得,∴a<1.综上,a≤1.(14分)。
2016年高三语文教学质量检测试卷(二模)(满分150分,考试时间150分钟)考生注意:1.本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分,试卷包括试题与答题要求,所有答题必须涂(选择题)或写(非选择题)在答题纸上,做在试卷上一律不得分。
2.答题纸与试卷在试题编号上是一一对应的,答题时应特别注意,不能错位。
3.考试时间150分钟。
试卷满分150分。
一阅读80分(一)阅读下文,完成1—6题。
(17分)中医不必“死乞白赖”地宣称“我也是科学”江晓原①虽然传统医学几千年来一直卓有成效地呵护着中华民族的健康,但是从鸦片战争之后,西医挟欧风美雨之狂暴,君临华夏大地,将中医打得节节败退。
国民党统治时期,“取消中医论”一度甚嚣尘上。
新中国建立以来,中国政府一直对中医采取保护和扶持态度,这一态度迄今为止并无改变。
但是,这并不能阻止从理论上对中医的攻击,“取消中医论”居然重新出现,而某著名院士“中医是伪科学”的论断,更让广大中医界人士痛心疾首。
②中医面对这一攻击,能够做出的辩护,往往只是非常软弱无力地辩称“我也是科学”。
③其实,我们可以指出:如果中医不是科学,那西医也不是;如果西医是科学,那中医就也是。
④在西方现在的学科分类体系中,经常是科学、数学、医学三者并列,医学并不属于“科学”的范畴。
因为在这种分类中,“科学”是指天文学、物理学等等“精密科学”,而人类对人体奥秘所知仍非常之少,故医学远远没有达到“精密科学”的地步。
事实上,至迟到17世纪,西医仍然停留在与星占学、炼金术紧紧纠缠在一起的巫术阶段,那时西医中“□□□□”的信念与《黄帝内经》相比如出一辙。
⑤但是在中国,似乎人人——包括中医界的人士——都承认西医是科学,这是由于当初西医就是在强大的唯科学主义.....语境下输入中国的,所以这个在西方至今也没有被视为科学的西医,到了中国却天经地义地成了科学。
⑥那么,如果使用宽泛一点的“科学”定义呢?在那样的定义中,就可以将西医包括进去。
但是,如果使用了宽泛的“科学”定义,那应该宽到何处呢?只要适度加宽“科学”的定义(比如“对自然界的有系统的知识”),马上就能将中医也包括进去,又怎么能再说“中医不是科学”呢?⑦此外,在这个问题上,许多人至今仍然习惯于一种一元价值观,即“是科学则存,非科学则亡”。
2016年上海长宁区(长宁、宝山、嘉定、青浦四区联合二模)高三二模英语试卷-学生用卷一、Grammar and Vocabulary: Section A1、【来源】 2016年上海长宁区高三二模(长宁、宝山、嘉定、青浦四区联合二模)第25~32题8分AAbout dancing bearsYoung bears are captured in the wild, separated from their mothers, and taught by a trainer to become dancing bears in conditions of unimaginable cruelty.The young animals are forced on to sheets of really hot metaland,1(escape) the pain, the bears alternate lifting up one paw(爪子)and then another while music is played. The process is repeated again andagain2the animals automatically begin to raise their paws – to “dance”– in fear of the pain, even when there are no metal sheets.As the bears get older, the trainers keep them under control by imposing pain. They do this by putting rings through the bears' highly sensitive noses and jaws. The pitiful truthis3they are not put to sleep for this painful process.Chains4(attach) to the rings so the trainers can control theanimals,5weigh up to 350 kilograms, with only a slight pull on the chains.The bears' nails are cut several times a year and their teeth broken or removed in order that they cannot get their trainers6(injure). The bears also suffer with an inadequate diet usually7(consist) of white bread, sugar and cheap fruit juices. All these cause the bears serious physical health problems8many of them display strange behavior such as swaying(摇摆)and pacing as they cannot follow natural behavioral patterns and instincts.2、【来源】 2016年上海长宁区高三二模(长宁、宝山、嘉定、青浦四区联合二模)第33~40题8分2016年上海青浦区高三二模(长宁、宝山、嘉定、青浦四区联合二模)第33~40题8分2016年上海宝山区高三二模(长宁、宝山、嘉定、青浦四区联合二模)第33~40题8分2016年上海嘉定区高三二模(长宁、宝山、嘉定、青浦四区联合二模)第33~40题8分BThe Power of GoodIt was Mother's Day morning last year and I was shopping at our local supermarket with my five-year-old son, Tenyson. As we were leaving, we realised that onlyminutes1(early) an elderly woman had fallen andhurt2badly. She was embarrassed and clearly in shock. Fortunately, her husband was with her and many people had stopped to help out. Walking towards the scene, Tenyson became very upset about3had happened to the elderly couple. He said to me, “4(fall) over in front of everyone isn't much fun.”Near the entrance of the supermarket, a charity group had set up a stall selling flowers. Tenyson suggested that we should buy the lady a flower. “It will make her feel better,” he said. I was amazed that he would have this sweet idea, so I asked the flower seller if I5buy a flower for the elderly lady because my son wanted to give it to her to cheer her up. "Just take it," she replied. “I can't take your money for such wonderful gesture.”By then a nurse6(arrive), and was attending to the woman. As we walked up to her, Tenyson became frightened by all the blood and medical equipment. Instead Igave7flower to the woman's husband. The old man thanked us both, then bent down and gave it to his wife, telling her who it was8. Despite being badly hurt and shaken, the old lady looked up at Tenyson with love in her eyes and gave him a little smile.二、Grammar and Vocabulary: Section B3、【来源】 2016年上海长宁区高三二模(长宁、宝山、嘉定、青浦四区联合二模)第41~50题10分2016年上海宝山区高三二模(长宁、宝山、嘉定、青浦四区联合二模)第41~50题10分2016年上海青浦区高三二模(长宁、宝山、嘉定、青浦四区联合二模)第41~50题10分2016年上海嘉定区高三二模(长宁、宝山、嘉定、青浦四区联合二模)第41~50题10分Ecotours are unique adventures that join nature and sightseeing into one exciting package. Learning about the environment and the world around us is the1of an ecotour because you get to experience the natural world firsthand. A great way for students studying biology and environmental sciences to experience2life and nature is to take your own ecotour! Orlando airboat rides can give you an experience to remember and can be a funand3way to learn more about the Florida environment.Ecotours involve travelling to a natural environment where you are guided bya(n)4helping you learn about the surrounding environment and extend your environmental education. This can include learning how the plants and animals on your Orlando airboat rides5from each other, or you can be simply becoming more aware of preservation efforts towards the Everglades, the largest wetland in North America.Orlando airboat rides can help you learn about Florida history, observe alligators(短吻鳄)and other wildlife, and experience the6nature of the muddy wilderness. Taking an ecotour can help you become more aware of your environment and further instruct you on the impact we have on the environment. Our goal is to help you understand the Everglades and how important it isto7the wetland.Wild Florida provides the perfect opportunity for a school trip that satisfiesthose8with learning more about environmental sciences, or to those just curious about the Everglades. Hands-on and active learning on an airboat ride is often a more exciting and adventurous9to sitting in a classroom, so why not plan your ecotrip with Wild Florida?Wild Florida is reputable for10in creating an exciting and unique ecotour that's fun for everyone in your family! You will be flying through the muddy Everglades in our airboat rides while observing and learning about alligators, bald birds, the history of the Everglades, and so much more. Book your Orlando airboat rides today by calling us at 407-901-2563 to experience a one-of-a-kind ecotour that you won't soon forget.A. alternativeB. appealC. benefitD. differE. energizingF. fascinatedG. marineH. naturalistI. preserveJ. specializingK. unspoiled三、Reading Comprehension: Section A4、【来源】 2016年上海长宁区高三二模(长宁、宝山、嘉定、青浦四区联合二模)第51~65题15分2016年上海宝山区高三二模(长宁、宝山、嘉定、青浦四区联合二模)第51~65题15分2016年上海青浦区高三二模(长宁、宝山、嘉定、青浦四区联合二模)第51~65题15分2016年上海嘉定区高三二模(长宁、宝山、嘉定、青浦四区联合二模)第51~65题15分Over the last 15 years, digital communication has brought in more changes than the printing press did in 1570. And those most likely to use them in this world are teenagers, whose brains appear to have an extraordinary volume to adapt to the world around them, according to Dr Jay Giedd,a(n)1brain expert.We are now discovering that, as a species, our brains during the teenage years are still flexible and capable of2. Having a more flexible brain,3, means that certain parts of it, such as desire control and the ability to make long-term decisions, haven't developed yet, which may also explain why we spend a(n)4period living under the protection of our parents rather than leaving home at the age of 12 or 13. This also means that the teenage brain can adapt to new technology, enabling teenagers to5the increasing pace of digital technology and giving them an advantage when it comes to multitasking.In the USA, on average teenagers spend 8.5 hours a day using computers, mobiles, and other devices to learn, interact, and play. This increases to 11.5 hours if you include all ofthe6that goes on, such as talking on the phone while watching TV. As they stare at these screens, they're taking in and sorting through an incredible amount of information.There are7about how social media is affecting the way the brain learns to8, as one of the most important skills that we learn as children is how to make friends and interact with people around us. Geidd says that a lot of what goes on inside our brains is social. Social interactions are now being9by technology – you could have hundreds of friends, all of whom are real people that you interact with and scientists aren't sure whether we'll be able to develop the same10using social media.There is a(n)11of the growing digital trend: YouTube shows the teenagers all over the world are watching the same videos and laughing at the same jokes, indicating that they are more12than teenagers in the past. They may be keenon13their friends and posting updates on social media sites, but teenagers today are probably going to have access to technology and14social andeducational opportunities that anyone with a less flexible brain may have trouble imagining. Nevertheless, there is a cut-off point, and by the age of 30, our brains in their ways, making itmore15for us to adapt and cope with new technologies.A. digitalB. adolescentC. surgicalD. artificialA. functioningB. noticingC. adjustingD. decidingA. howeverB. thereforeC. otherwiseD. insteadA. naturalB. gloriousC. limitedD. extendedA. keep up withB. come up withC. put up withD. end up withA. gossipingB. multitaskingC. interactingD. playingA. reportsB. curiositiesC. concernsD. talksA. memorizeB. sortC. imagineD. socializeA. changedB. controlledC. troubledD. interruptedA. trendsB. attitudesC. societiesD. skillsA. advantageB. distractionC. indicationD. historyA. absent-mindedB. global-mindedC. quick-mindedD. serious-mindedA. accessingB. textingC. discoveringD. watchingA. on the wholeB. as a resultC. in other wordsD. by all meansA. flexibleB. importantC. difficultD. incredible四、Reading Comprehension: Section B5、【来源】 2016年上海长宁区高三二模(长宁、宝山、嘉定、青浦四区联合二模)第66~69题8分2016年上海宝山区高三二模(长宁、宝山、嘉定、青浦四区联合二模)第66~69题8分2016年上海青浦区高三二模(长宁、宝山、嘉定、青浦四区联合二模)(A篇)第66~69题8分2016年上海嘉定区高三二模(长宁、宝山、嘉定、青浦四区联合二模)第66~69题8分Sebastian Faulks has written many novels, including Devil May Care, the latest James Bond book. This cutting comes from a very different kind of novel called Charlotte Gray. The setting is a transit(中转)camp near Paris during the Second World War, where a group of people, including two small children,Andre and Jacob, await transport to take them to a concentration camp outside France. Although these people—the 'deportees' of the cutting—are not fully aware of this, they face certain death.The Last NightAndre was lying on the floor when a man came with postcards on which the deportees might write a final message. He advised them to leave them at the station or throw them from the train as camp orders forbade access to the post. Two or three pencils that had survived the camps search were passed round among the people in the room. Some wrote with weeping passion, some with great care, as though their safety, or at least the way in which they were remembered, depended upon their choice of words.A woman came with a sandwich for each child to take on the journey. She also had a bucket of water, round which they gathered, holding out food cans they passed from one to another. One of the older boys hugged her in his gratitude, but the bucket was soon empty. When she was gone, there were only the small hours of the night to go through. Andre was lying on the straw, and Jacob leaned close to him for warmth.Five buses had come in through the main entrance, and now stood trembling in the corner of the yard. At a long table…the commandant of the camp himself sat with a list of names that another policeman was calling out in alphabetical order. Andre heard his name and moved with Jacob towards the bus. From the other side of the courtyard, from windows open on the dawn, a shower of food was thrown towards them by women crying and calling out their names.Andre looked up, and in a chance angle of light he saw a woman's face in which the eyes were fixed with terrible fierceness on a child beside him. Why did she stare as though she hated him? Then it came to Andre that she was not looking in hatred, but had kept her eyes so intensely open in order to fix the picture of her child in her mind. She was looking to remember, for ever…(1) What can we learn from the first part of the passage?A. The background and the situation of World WarB. The transit camp and the transportation in Paris.C. The author, the setting and the main characters.D. The main idea and the names on the list.(2) Which of the following is true about the things going on in the transit camp?A. The deportees were eager to leave their final messages.B. A humble breakfast was served to children late that morning.C. Andre happened to witness the deportees' routine camp life.D. The camp commandant stood by a long table calling the roll.(3) The woman stared at her child fiercely probably because.A. she found her child was trembling and crying for foodB. she thought she would never see her child any moreC. she was filled with an attempt to escape from deathD. she was driven mad by the life in the transit camp(4) The author told the story in a(n)tone.A. casualB. desperateC. hatredD. innocent6、【来源】 2016年上海长宁区高三二模(长宁、宝山、嘉定、青浦四区联合二模)第70~72题6分2016年上海嘉定区高三二模(长宁、宝山、嘉定、青浦四区联合二模)第70~72题6分2016年上海青浦区高三二模(长宁、宝山、嘉定、青浦四区联合二模)(B篇)第70~72题6分2016年上海宝山区高三二模(长宁、宝山、嘉定、青浦四区联合二模)第70~72题6分What we doEFP Courses provide courses in English language and British culture. Our courses are aimed at students aged between 12 and 17 who are at pre-intermediate level or above in English. The courses are held in Guildford, a historic town near London.Typical structure of a one-week course1. up to 25 hours of English run by native speakers, qualified in teaching English as a foreign language and specialist drama teachers2. 2 full-day sightseeing trips to London and Oxford (at weekends)3. full board (全食宿) with local, English-speaking familiesWhen we run the coursesEFP courses can be organized only during British state school terms. For this academic year, courses can be booked between now and 23 May and between 30 May and 30 June. We welcome you to book from 3 September 2016 to 25 October 2016 and from 31 October to 20 December 2016.Why choose EFP courses1. in addition to our standard English classes, we also run drama and expression English classes, taught by specialist drama teachers2. we expose our students to British culture for the entire length of the course3. we tailor courses to each group's needs, creating a unique experience for our students. Note that any changes to our courses are made within reason and only if all participants from a group share the same language level. Please see further details on our website.Length of a courseEFP courses run for either one or two weeks depending on the specific requirements for your group. How to apply***************************************************************.uk.Bycontactingusbefore you make any travel arrangements you ensure that we can put your group up on the dates that you require. For more details, please visit .See you in Guildford soon!(1) What does the leaflet tell us about EFP courses?A. Their target students are teenagers of all English levels.B. They are available on the school campuses in London and Oxford.C. Every individual participant is supplied with tailored language support.D. They involve students in British culture activities during the whole course.(2) Suppose you are to take EFP courses this academic year, you can.A. hand in an application by visiting their websiteB. enjoy a special series of lessons for a whole school termC. experience English dramas with English-speaking familiesD. make a reservation from October 31 to December 20(3) The purpose of this writing is to.A. attract qualified teachers to EFP coursesB. demonstrate the popularity of EFP coursesC. offer group students access to EFP coursesD. illustrate the importance of EFP courses7、【来源】 2016年上海长宁区高三二模(长宁、宝山、嘉定、青浦四区联合二模)第73~77题10分2016年上海青浦区高三二模(长宁、宝山、嘉定、青浦四区联合二模)第73~77题10分2016年上海宝山区高三二模(长宁、宝山、嘉定、青浦四区联合二模)第73~77题10分2016年上海嘉定区高三二模(长宁、宝山、嘉定、青浦四区联合二模)第73~77题10分Lindsay Renwick, the mayor of Deniliquin, a country town in New South Wales, misses the constant whir(嗡嗡声)of the rice mill whose giant fans dried the rice. The Deniliquin mill, the largest rice mill in the Southern Hemisphere(南半球), once processed enough grain to meet the needs of 20 million people globally. But six years of drought have had a destructive effect, reducing Australia's rice crop by 98 percent and leading to TAL#NBSP the mothballing of the mill last December.Drought affects every agriculture industry based in Australia, not just rice—from sheep farming, the country's other backbone, to the cultivation of grapes for wine, the fastest-growing crop there, with that expansion often coming at the expense of rice. The drought's effect on rice has produced the greatest impact on the rest of the world, so far. It is one factor contributing to skyrocketing prices, and many scientists believe it is among the earliest signs that a warming planet is starting to affect food production.Researchers are looking for solutions to global rice shortages—for example, rice that blooms earlier in the day, when it is cooler, to fight against global warming. Rice plants that happen to bloom on hot days are less likely to produce grains of rice, a difficulty that is already starting to emerge in inland areas of China and other Asian countries as temperatures begin to climb."There will be problems very soon unless we have new varieties of rice in place, " said Reiner Wassmann, climate change director at the International Rice Research Institute(IRRI). The recent reports on climate change carried a warning that could make the news even worse: that existing models for the effects of climate change on agriculture did not yet include newer findings that global warming could reduce rainfall and make it more variable.Yet the effects of climate change are not uniformly bad for rice. Rising concentrations(浓度)of carbon dioxide, the main greenhouse gas, can actually help rice—although the effect reduces or disappears if the plants face unnecessary heat, inadequate water, severe pollution or other stresses. Still, the flexibility of farmers here has persuaded some climate experts that, particularly in developed countries, the effects of climate change may be relieved, if not completely avoided. "I'm not as negative as most people, " said Will Steffen, director of the Fenner School of Environment and Society at Australian National University. "Farmers are learning how to do things differently.”Meanwhile, changes like the use of water to grow wine grapes instead of rice carry their own costs, as the developing world is discovering. "Rice is an essential food, " said Graeme Haley, the general manager of the town of Deniliquin."Wine is not."(1) By "the mothballing of the mill"(in Paragraph 1)the author most probably means the millis.A. kept unprocessedB. left unusedC. being entirely restoredD. being pushed round(2) To find the ways to cope with the global rice shortage, researchers are.A. seeking new types of rice which could bloom at a lower temperatureB. building greenhouses which could provide more heat for rice to growC. studying climate changes in China which may affect rice growing in AsiaD. looking for alternative agriculture industries which may take the place of rice(3) Which of the following can be learned from the passage?A. Rice plants are fond of higher temperature in the process of growing.B. Global warming has shown few signs of influence on agriculture.C. Rice prices are rising steadily owing to the crop failure in Australia.D. Global warming may contribute to more complicated weather conditions.(4) It can be inferred from the passage that.A. Australia is the largest rice producing country around the worldB. most people look on the bright side of the flexibility of farmersC. climate changes have simply brought negative effects to people's livesD. wine grape cultivation has threatened the rice production in Australia(5) Which of the following best serves as the title of the passage?A. Rice shortage and wine boomB. Drought, the enemy of rice productionC. Rice crisis and its solutionD. Rice issue, a focus of the public attention五、Reading Comprehension: Section C8、【来源】 2016年上海青浦区高三二模(长宁、宝山、嘉定、青浦四区联合二模)第78~81题8分What colour is it today? What shape is that smell? What does that pain sound like? These questions might seem like nonsense, but four people in 100 might think they make perfect sense. That four percent have synesthesia, and they naturally experience certain senses together. One form of this is pairing numbers or letters with a fixed colour—a blue "1" or a red "D." Other synesthetes, people with synesthesia, may think the word "hurricane" tastes salty. Yet others with "mirror-touch synesthesia" see someone hit on the head and also feel the hit themselves.Synesthesia is not completely understood though it is in our genes. The white matter(脑白质)of synesthetes is organized differently from that of people without synesthesia, which may account for the differences in perception(感知). Synesthesia is widely accepted and researched today, but that hasn't always been true. Though it caught scientific interest in the late 1800s, it was later rejected as a self-created way of thinking. But as people have become more fascinated by the differences in individual perception, a focus on synesthesia has been renewed. At the present time, scientists in various fields are examining the phenomenon.As scientists continue to study synesthesia, certain advantages have been noticed. Studies show that the sensation connections that synesthetes experience aid them in abilities related to memory. Researchers believe that this advantage may help stop the loss of cognitive(认知)function in the elderly. This aspect of synesthesia could even help patients recover from brain injuries. Synesthetes also tend to be artists, singers Pharrell Williams and Lady Gaga being some famous examples. Most likely, synesthesia doesn't give artistic sensitivity, but it's understandable that seeing colours in music, for instance, could inspire art.Strong drugs and increasing blindness have been known to cause synesthesia, but these are not good options for obvious reasons. One recent emphasis of the study of synesthesia is to determine whether non-synesthetes can acquire it. For now, the University of East London is training adults to establish letter-colour connections for memory improvement to some effect. It may not be long before words taste like our favourite foods and our favourite songs look like fireworks.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS.)(1) According to the passage synesthetes are those.(2) Why do synesthetes have sensation connections while the others don't?(3) What groups of people might profit from synesthesia according to the third paragraph?(4) Scientists are training adults to establish letter-colour connections to prove the possibilitythat.六、Translation9、【来源】 2016年上海长宁区高三二模(长宁、宝山、嘉定、青浦四区联合二模)第82~86题22分2016年上海嘉定区高三二模(长宁、宝山、嘉定、青浦四区联合二模)第82~86题22分2016年上海青浦区高三二模(长宁、宝山、嘉定、青浦四区联合二模)第82~86题22分2016年上海宝山区高三二模(长宁、宝山、嘉定、青浦四区联合二模)第82~86题22分翻译。
长宁、青浦、宝山、嘉定四区2016届第二学期高三教学质量检测数学试卷(理科) 2016.04.(满分150分,考试时间120分钟)考生注意:1.本试卷共4页,23道试题,满分150分.考试时间120分钟.2.本考试分设试卷和答题纸.试卷包括试题与答题要求.作答必须涂(选择题)或写(非选择题)在答题纸上,在试卷上作答一律不得分.3.答卷前,务必用钢笔或圆珠笔在答题纸上将姓名、学校、班级等信息填写清楚,并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上.一.填空题(本大题共有14题,满分56分)考生应在答题纸相应编号的空格内直接填写结果,每个空格填对4分,否则一律得零分.1.设集合},2||{R ∈<=x x x A ,},034{2R ∈≥+-=x x x x B ,则A B =I _________. 2.已知i 为虚数单位,复数z 满足i 11=+-zz,则=||z __________. 3.设0>a 且1≠a ,若函数2)(1+=-x a x f 的反函数的图像经过定点P ,则点P 的坐标是___________.4.计算:=++∞→222)1(C P lim n nn n __________. 5.在平面直角坐标系内,直线:l 022=-+y x ,将l 与两条坐标轴围成的封闭图形绕y 轴 旋转一周,所得几何体的体积为___________. 6.已知0sin 2sin =+θθ,⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛∈ππθ,2,则=θ2tan _____________. 7.设定义在R 上的奇函数)(x f y =,当0>x 时,42)(-=xx f ,则不等式0)(≤x f 的 解集是__________________.8.在平面直角坐标系xOy 中,有一定点)1,1(A ,若线段OA 的垂直平分线过抛物线:C px y 22=(0>p )的焦点,则抛物线C 的方程为_____________.9.曲线⎪⎪⎩⎪⎪⎨⎧+-=-=ty t x 5521,551(t 为参数)与曲线⎩⎨⎧+=⋅=θθθθcos sin ,cos sin y x (θ为参数)的公共点的坐标为____________.10.记nx x ⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛+12*(N ∈n )的展开式中第m 项的系数为m b ,若432b b =,则=n ________.11.从所有棱长均为2的正四棱锥的5个顶点中任取3个点,设随机变量ξ表示这三个点所 构成的三角形的面积,则其数学期望=ξE _________.12.已知各项均为正数的数列}{n a23n n =+L (*N ∈n ),则12231n a a a n +++=+L ___________. 13.甲、乙两人同时参加一次数学测试,共有20道选择题,每题均有4个选项,答对得3分,答错或不答得0分.甲和乙都解答了所有的试题,经比较,他们有2道题的选项不同,如果甲最终的得分为54分,那么乙的所有可能的得分值组成的集合为____________.14.已知0>a ,函数xax x f -=)((]2,1[∈x )的图像的两个端点分别为A 、B ,设M 是函数)(x f 图像上任意一点,过M 作垂直于x 轴的直线l ,且l 与线段AB 交于点N ,若1||≤MN 恒成立,则a 的最大值是_________________.二.选择题(本大题共有4题,满分20分)每题有且仅有一个正确答案,考生应在答题纸的相应编号上,将代表答案的小方格涂黑,每题选对得5分,否则一律得零分. 15.“0sin =α”是“1cos =α”的( ).(A )充分不必要条件 (B )必要不充分条件(C )充分必要条件 (D )既不充分也不必要条件16.下列命题正确的是( ).(A )若直线1l ∥平面α,直线2l ∥平面α,则1l ∥2l ; (B )若直线l 上有两个点到平面α的距离相等,则l ∥α;(C )直线l 与平面α所成角的取值范围是⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛2,0π; (D )若直线1l ⊥平面α,直线2l ⊥平面α,则1l ∥2l .17.已知a r ,b r 是平面内两个互相垂直的单位向量,若向量c r 满足()()0c a c b -⋅-=rr r r ,则 ||c r的最大值是( ).(A )1 (B )2 (C )2 (D )2218.已知函数⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧≤≤⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛<<=,153,6sin ,30,|log |)(3x x x x x f π 若存在实数1x ,2x ,3x ,4x 满足)()()()(4321x f x f x f x f ===,其中4321x x x x <<<,则4321x x x x 的取值范围是( ).(A ))96,60( (B ))72,45( (C ))48,30( (D ))24,15( 三.解答题(本大题满分74分)本大题共有5题,解答下列各题必须在答题纸相应编号的规定区域内写出必要的步骤.19.(本题满分12分)本题共有2个小题,第1小题满分5分,第2小题满分7分.如图,在直三棱柱111C B A ABC -中,底面△ABC 是等腰直角三角形,21===AA BC AC ,D 为侧棱1AA 的中点.(1)求证:⊥BC 平面11A ACC ;(2)求二面角11C CD B --的大小(结果用反三角 函数值表示).20.(本题满分14分)本题共有2个小题,第1小题满分6分,第2小题满分8分.已知函数13cos 3cos sin 3)(-⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛-+⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛++=πωπωωx x x x f (0>ω,R ∈x ),且函数)(x f 的最小正周期为π. (1)求函数)(x f 的解析式;(2)在△ABC 中,角A ,B ,C 所对的边分别为a ,b ,c ,若0)(=B f ,23=⋅BC BA ,且4=+c a ,求b 的值.21.(本题满分14分)本题共有2个小题,第1小题满分6分,第2小题满分8分.定义在D 上的函数)(x f ,如果满足:对任意D x ∈,存在常数0>M ,都有M x f ≤)(成立,则称)(x f 是D 上的有界函数,其中M 称为函数)(x f 的上界.(1)设1)(+=x x x f ,判断)(x f 在⎥⎦⎤⎢⎣⎡-21,21上是否为有界函数,若是,请说明理由,并写出)(x f 的所有上界M 组成的集合;若不是,也请说明理由;(2)若函数xxa x g 421)(⋅++=在]2,0[∈x 上是以3为上界的有界函数,求实数a 的取值范围.A B CA 1B 1C 1D22.(本题满分16分)本题共有3个小题,第1小题满分4分,第2小题满分6分,第3小题满分6分.如图,设F 是椭圆14322=+y x 的下焦点,直线4-=kx y (0>k )与椭圆相交于A 、B 两点,与y 轴交于P 点.(1)若AB PA =,求k 的值;(2)求证:BFO AFP ∠=∠; (3)求△ABF 面积的最大值.23.(本题满分18分)本题共有3个小题,第1小题满分4分,第2小题满分6分,第3小题满分8分.已知正项数列}{n a ,}{n b 满足:对任意*N ∈n ,都有n a ,n b ,1+n a 成等差数列,n b ,1+n a ,1+n b 成等比数列,且101=a ,152=a .(1)求证:数列{}nb 是等差数列;(2)求数列}{n a ,}{n b 的通项公式; (3)设12111n nS a a a =+++L ,如果对任意*N ∈n ,不等式n n n a baS -<22恒成立,求实数a 的取值范围.二模理科数学参考答案一.填空题1.]1,2(- 2.1 3.)1,3( 4.235.32π6.3 7.]2,0[]2,( --∞ 8.x y 42= 9.)1,0( 10.5 11.5326+ 12.n n 622+ 13.{48,51,54,57,60} 14.246+二.选择题15.B 16.D 17.C 18.B三.解答题19.(1)因为底面△ABC 是等腰直角三角形,且BC AC =,所以,BC AC ⊥,(2分) 因为⊥1CC 平面111C B A ,所以BC CC ⊥1, ………………………………………(4分) 所以,⊥BC 平面11A ACC . ……………………………………………………(5分) (2)以C 为原点,直线CA ,CB ,1CC 为x ,y ,z 轴,建立空间直角坐标系, 则)0,0,0(C ,)0,0,2(A ,)0,2,0(B ,)2,0,0(1C ,)2,2,0(1B ,)1,0,2(D , 由(1),)0,2,0(=CB 是平面11A ACC 的一个法向量, ………………………(2分))2,2,0(1=CB ,)1,0,2(=,设平面CD B 1的一个法向量为),,(z y x n =,则有 ⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧=⋅=⋅,0,01CD n CB n 即⎩⎨⎧=+=+,02,022z x z y 令1=x ,则2-=z ,2=y , 所以)2,2,1(-=n, …………………………………………(5分)设与n 的夹角为θ,则32324||||cos =⨯=⋅=n CB CBθ, …………………(6分) 由图形知二面角11C CD B --的大小是锐角,所以,二面角11C CD B --的大小为32arccos . ……………………………(7分)20.(1)16sin 21cos sin 3)(-⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛+=-+=πωωωx x x x f , ………………(3分)又π=T ,所以,2=ω, ………………………………………………(5分)所以,162sin 2)(-⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛+=πx x f . …………………………………………………(6分)(2)0162sin 2)(=-⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛+=πB B f ,故2162sin =⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛+πB , 所以,6262πππ+=+k B 或65262πππ+=+k B (Z ∈k ),因为B 是三角形内角,所以3π=B .……(3分)而23cos =⋅=⋅B ac BC BA ,所以,3=ac , …………………………(5分) 又4=+c a ,所以,1022=+c a ,所以,7cos 2222=-+=B ac c a b ,所以,7=a . …………………………………(8分)21.(1)111)(+-=x x f ,则)(x f 在⎥⎦⎤⎢⎣⎡-21,21上是增函数,故⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛≤≤⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛-21)(21f x f f ,即31)(1≤≤-x f , ……………………………………………(2分) 故1|)(|≤x f ,所以)(x f 是有界函数. ……………………………………………(4分) 所以,上界M 满足1≥M ,所有上界M 的集合是),1[∞+. ……………………(6分)(2)因为函数)(x g 在]2,0[∈x 上是以3为上界的有界函数,故3|)(|≤x g 在]2,0[∈x 上恒成立,即3)(3≤≤-x g ,所以,34213≤⋅++≤-xxa (]2,0[∈x ), ……(2分)所以⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛-≤≤⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛--x x x x a 21422144(]2,0[∈x ), 令x t 21=,则⎥⎦⎤⎢⎣⎡∈1,41t ,故t t a t t -≤≤--2224在⎥⎦⎤⎢⎣⎡∈1,41t 上恒成立,所以,min 2max 2)2()4(t t a t t -≤≤--(⎥⎦⎤⎢⎣⎡∈1,41t ), ………………………(5分)令t t t h --=24)(,则)(t h 在⎥⎦⎤⎢⎣⎡∈1,41t 时是减函数,所以2141)(max -=⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛=g t h ;(6分)令t t t p -=22)(,则)(t p 在⎥⎦⎤⎢⎣⎡∈1,41t 时是增函数,所以8141)(min -=⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛=h t p .…(7分)所以,实数a 的取值范围是⎥⎦⎤⎢⎣⎡--81,21. ……………………………………(8分)22.(1)由⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧-==+4,14322kx y y x 得03624)43(22=+-+kx x k ,所以△0)4(1442>-=k , 设),(11y x A ,),(22y x B ,则4324221+=+k k x x ,4336221+=k x x , ………………(2分) 因为AB PA =,所以122x x =,代入上式求得556=k 。
2016年长宁、宝山、青浦、嘉定高三第二次模拟练习物 理 试 卷本试卷共9页,满分l50分,考试时间l20分钟。
全卷包括六大题,第一、二大题为单项选择题,第三大题为多项选择题,第四大题为填空题,第五大题为实验题,第六大题为计算题。
考生注意:1、答卷前,务必用钢笔或圆珠笔在答题纸正面清楚地填写姓名、准考证号,并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上,在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。
2、第一、第二和第三大题的作答必须用2B 铅笔涂在答题纸上相应区域内与试卷题号对应的位置,需要更改时,必须将原选项用橡皮擦去,重新选择。
第四、第五和第六大题的作答必须用黑色的钢笔或圆珠笔写在答题纸上与试卷题号对应的位置(作图可用铅笔)。
3、第30、31、32、33题要求写出必要的文字说明、方程式和重要的演算步骤。
只写出最后答案,而未写出主要演算过程的,不能得分。
有关物理量的数值计算问题,答案中必须明确写出数值和单位。
一.单项选择题Ⅰ(共16分,每小题2分。
每小题只有一个正确选项。
) 1. 真空中的可见光与无线电波(A)波长相等 (B)频率相等 (C)传播速度相等 (D)传播能量相等 2. 在如图所示的逻辑电路中,当A 端输入电信号“1”、B 端输入电信号“0”时,在C 和D 端输出的电信号分别为 (A)0和0 (B)0和1 (C)1和0(D)1和13.关于核能,下述正确的是(A)它是可再生能源 (B)它只能通过重核裂变获得 (C)它是原子核结构发生变化时放出的能量 (D)重核裂变的反应速度无法控制 4.用一束紫外线照射某金属时不能产生光电效应,可能使该金属产生光电效应的措施是 (A)改用X 射线照射 (B)改用红外线照射(C)延长该紫外线的照射时间 (D)改用强度更大的紫外线照射5. 如图,水平地面上堆放着原木,关于原木P 的支撑点M 、N 处受力方向所述正确的是(B) M 处受到的支持力竖直向上 (C) N 处受到的摩擦力沿水平方向 (D) M 处受到的摩擦力沿MN 方向 6. 关于星系,下述正确的是(A)星系是由宇宙中的恒星、气体和尘埃组成的 (B)银河系是一种不规则星系 (C)银河系中恒星只有少量的几颗 (D)太阳处于河外星系中 7.如图,天然放射性元素放出的射线通过电场后分成三束,则 (A)①电离作用最强,是一种电磁波(B)②贯穿本领最弱,用一张白纸就可以把它挡住(C)原子核放出一个①粒子后,形成的新核比原来的电荷数多1个 (D)原子核放出一个③粒子后,质子数比原来少4,中子数比原来少2个8.如图,一根长直导线竖直放置,通以向上的电流。
嘉定、宝山、长宁、青浦2016年高三化学二模试卷考生注意1.本试卷满分150分,考试时间120分钟。
2.本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分,试卷包括试题与答题要求;所有答题必须涂或写在答题纸上;做在试卷上一律不得分。
3.答题前,考生务必在答题纸上用钢笔或圆珠笔在答题纸正面清楚地填写姓名、准考证号。
4.答题纸与试卷在试题编号上是一一对应的,答题时应特别注意,不能错位。
相对原子质量:H-1 C-12 O-16 Na-23 S-32 Fe-56 Cu-64 Mg-24一、选择题(本题共10分,每小题2分,每小题只有一个正确选项)1.钛(Ti)金属常被称为未来钢铁,4622Ti和4722Ti是钛的两种同位素。
下列有关Ti的说法正确的是A.4622Ti比4722Ti少1个质子 B.4622Ti和4722Ti的化学性质相同C.4622Ti的相对原子质量是46 D.4722Ti的原子序数为472.下列物质不属于危险品的是A.硝化甘油 B.苯 C.重晶石 D.硝酸铵3.有关晶体的下列说法中正确的是A.原子晶体中共价键越强,熔点越高B.分子晶体中分子间作用力越大,分子越稳定C.冰熔化时水分子中共价键发生断裂D.CaCl2晶体中含有两种化学键4下列不能用于判断F和O的非金属性强弱的事实是A.气态氢化物的稳定性B.最高价氧化物对应水化物的酸性C.单质与氢气反应的难易D.单质与氢气反应放出热量的多少5.下列物质分类正确的是A.SO2、SiO2、CO均为酸性氧化物B.多肽、油脂、淀粉均为酯类C.烧碱、冰醋酸、四氯化碳均为电解质D.福尔马林、漂粉精、氨水均为混合物二、选择题(本题共36分,每小题3分,每题只有一个正确选项)6.下列有关海水综合利用的说法正确的是A.海水提溴过程中,提取溴单质只能用有机物萃取的方法B.电解饱和食盐水可制得金属钠C.海水晒盐过程中主要涉及物理变化D.海带提碘中,氧化过程可通入过量的氯气7.下列操作不正确的是A.配制氯化铁溶液时需加入少量盐酸B.金属钠保存在装有煤油的带玻璃塞的广口瓶中C.保存液溴需用水封,放在带橡皮塞子的棕色细口瓶中D.用稀硝酸洗去附在试管内壁的银镜8.已知:2SO2(g)+ O2(g)2SO3(g) + 196.64Kj,则下列判断正确的是A.2SO2(g) +O2(g) 2SO3(l) +Q,Q>196.64kJB.2mol SO2气体和过量的O2充分反应放出196.64kJ热量C.1L SO2(g)完全反应生成1L SO3(g),放出98.32 KJ热量D.使用催化剂,可以减少反应放出的热量9.扑热息痛的结构如图所示,下列关于扑热息痛的描述正确的是A.分子式为C8H10NO2B.扑热息痛易溶于水C.能与Na2CO3溶液反应,但不能与NaHCO3溶液反应D.属于芳香烃10.关于右图装置中的变化叙述错误的是A.电子经导线从锌片流向右侧碳棒,再从左侧碳棒流回铜片B.铜片上发生氧化反应C.右侧碳棒上发生:2H++2e→H2↑D.铜电极出现气泡11.N A为阿伏伽德罗常数的值。
绝密★启用前2016届上海市长宁、青浦、宝山、嘉定(四区)高考二模(理)数学试题试卷副标题注意事项:1.答题前填写好自己的姓名、班级、考号等信息 2.请将答案正确填写在答题卡上第I 卷(选择题)请点击修改第I 卷的文字说明一、单选题1.“sin 0α=”是“cos 1α=”的( ).A .充分不必要条件B .必要不充分条件C .充分必要条件D .既不充分也不必要条件2.下列命题正确的是( )A .若直线1l ∥平面α,直线2l ∥平面α,则12l l PB .若直线l 上有两个点到平面α的距离相等,则l αPC .直线l 与平面α所成角θ的取值范围是090θ︒︒<<D .若直线1l ⊥平面α,直线2l ⊥平面α,则12l l P3.已知a r ,b r是平面内两个互相垂直的单位向量,若向量c r 满足()()0c a c b --=r r r r ,则c r的最大值是( ).A .1B .2 CD .24.已知函数()3log ,03sin ,3156x x f x x x π⎧<<⎪=⎨⎛⎫≤≤ ⎪⎪⎝⎭⎩,若存在实数1x ,2x ,3x ,4x 满足f x f x f x f x ===,其中x x x x <<<,则x x x x 取值范围是( )A .()60,96B .()45,72C .()30,48D .()15,24第II 卷(非选择题)请点击修改第II 卷的文字说明 二、填空题5.设集合{}|2,A x x x R =<∈,{}2|430,B x x x x =-+∈R ≥,则A B =I __. 6.已知i 为虚数单位,复数z 满足11zi z-=+,则z =__. 7.设0a >且1a ≠,若函数()12x f x a -=+的反函数的图象经过定点P ,则点P 的坐标是__. 8.计算:()222lim 1n nn P C n →∞+=+__.9.在平面直角坐标系内,直线l :220x y +-=,将l 与两坐标轴围成的封闭图形绕y 轴旋转一周,所得几何体的体积为__. 10.已知sin 2sin 0θθ+=,,2πθπ⎛⎫∈⎪⎝⎭,则tan 2θ=______. 11.定义在R 上的偶函数()y f x =,当0x ≥时,()24xf x =-,则不等式()0f x ≤的解集是__.12.在平面直角坐标系xOy 中,有一定点()1,1A ,若OA 的垂直平分线过抛物线C :()220y px p =>的焦点,则抛物线C 的方程为__.13.直线11x y ⎧=⎪⎪⎨⎪=-⎪⎩(t 为参数)与曲线sin cos sin cos x y θθθθ=⋅⎧⎨=+⎩(θ为参数)的公共点的坐标为__.14.记12nx x ⎛⎫+ ⎪⎝⎭的展开式中第m 项的系数为m b ,若342b b = ,则n =_______.15.从所有棱长均为2的正四棱锥的5个顶点中任取3个点,设随机变量ξ表示这三个点所构成的三角形的面积,则其数学期望E ξ=__.…………○……:___________班级:__…………○……16.若数列{}n a 23n n =+L ,则12231n a a a n +++=+L __________. 17.甲、乙两人同时参加一次数学测试,共有20道选择题,每题均有4个选项,答对得3分,答错或不答得0分,甲和乙都解答了所有的试题,经比较,他们只有2道题的选项不同,如果甲最终的得分为54分,那么乙的所有可能的得分值组成的集合为________.18.已知0a >,函数()([1,2])af x x x x=-∈的图像的两个端点分别为A 、B ,设M 是函数()f x 图像上任意一点,过M 作垂直于x 轴的直线l ,且l 与线段AB 交于点N ,若1MN ≤恒成立,则a 的最大值是______. 三、解答题19.如图,在直三棱柱111ABC A B C -中,ABC V 是等腰直角三角形,12AC BC AA ===,D 为侧棱1AA 的中点.(1)求证:BC ⊥平面11ACC A ;(2)求二面角11B CD C --的大小(结果用反三角函数值表示) 20.已知函数()()cos cos 1033x x f x x ππωωωω⎛⎫⎛⎫=+++--> ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭,x ∈R ,且函数的最小正周期为π. (1)求函数()f x 的解析式;(2)在ABC V 中,角A 、B 、C 所对的边分别是a 、b 、c ,若()0f B =,32BA BC ⋅=uu r uu u r ,且4a c +=,试求b 的值.21.定义D 上的函数()f x ,若满足:对任意x D ∈,存在常数0M >,都有|()|f x M ≤成立,则称()f x 是D 上的有界函数,其中M 称为函数()f x 的上界. (1)设()x f x =,判断()f x 在11[,]-上是否有界函数,若是,请说明理由,并写出外……………………订…………○………※订※※线※※内※※答※※题※※内……………………订…………○………()f x 的所有上界的值的集合,若不是,也请说明理由;(2)若函数()124x x g x a =++⋅在[0,2]x ∈上是以3为上界的有界函数,求实数a 的取值范围.22.如图,设F 是椭圆22134x y +=的下焦点,直线()40y kx k =->与椭圆相交于A 、B 两点,与y 轴交于点P .(1)若PA AB =u u u r u u u r,求k 的值; (2)求证:AFP BFO ∠=∠; (3)求面积ABF V 的最大值.23.已知正项数列{}n a ,{}n b 满足:对任意正整数n ,都有n a ,n b ,1n a +成等差数列,n b ,1n a +,1n b +成等比数列,且110a =,215a =.(Ⅰ)求证:数列是等差数列;(Ⅱ)求数列{}n a ,{}n b 的通项公式; (Ⅲ)设n S =++…+,如果对任意的正整数n ,不等式22nn nb aS a <-恒成立,求实数a 的取值范围.参考答案1.B 【解析】 【分析】判断两个命题:sin 0α=⇒cos 1α=和cos 1α=⇒sin 0α=的真假即可得.【详解】由于22sin cos 1αα+=,且sin 0α=,得到cos 1α=±,故充分性不成立;当cos 1α=时,sin 0α=,故必要性成立.故选:B. 【点睛】本题考查充分必要条件的判断,解题方法是根据充分必要条件的定义.即判断两个命题p q ⇒和q p ⇒的真假.2.D 【解析】 【分析】根据线面平行垂直的性质与判定判断即可. 【详解】对A, 若直线1l ∥平面α,直线2l ∥平面α,不一定有12l l P ,故A 错误.对B,当l ⊥平面α时也满足直线l 上有两个点到平面α的距离相等.故B 错误. 对C, 直线l 与平面α所成角θ的取值范围是090θ︒︒≤≤,故C 错误. 对D, 若直线1l ⊥平面α,直线2l ⊥平面α,则12l l P 成立.故D 正确. 故选:D 【点睛】本题主要考查了线面平行垂直关系的判定,属于基础题型. 3.C 【解析】 【分析】利用数量积计算出||a b +=r r ()()c a c b --r r r r ,设c r 与a b +r r的夹角为α,可得||c α=r,从而可得结论.【详解】由于a b ⊥r r且||||1a b ==r r ,那么||a b +=r r c r 与a b +r r的夹角为α,所以22()()()||||||cos 0c a c b c a b c a b c c a b a b α--=-+⋅+⋅=-++⋅=r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r r,即||c α=r,由于1cos 1α-≤≤,所以c r.故选:C. 【点睛】本题考查向量的数量积,考查向量的模与数量积的关系,掌握数量积的定义是解题关键. 4.B 【解析】 【分析】先画出函数()f x 的图象,再根据条件利用对数函数的运算性质以及三角函数的对称性,利用数形结合,即可求出其范围. 【详解】函数()f x 的图象如下图所示:若满足()()()()1234f x f x f x f x ===,其中1234x x x x <<<, 则101x <<,213x <<,则3132log log x x =-,即3132312log log log 0x x x x +==, 则121=x x ,同时()33,6x ∈,()412,15x ∈, ∵3x ,4x 关于9x =对称,∴3492x x +=, 则3418x x +=,则4318x x =-,则()1234343318x x x x x x x x ==-()2233318981x x x =-+=--+,∵()33,6x ∈, ∴()3445,72x x ∈, 即()123445,72x x x x ∈, 故选:B .【点睛】本题主要考查分段函数的应用,灵活掌握数形结合的方法,以及转化与化归的思想即可,属于常考题型. 5.(]2,1- 【解析】 【分析】先分别解对应不等式,化简两集合,再根据交集的概念,即可得出结果. 【详解】{}{}|2,|22A x x x R x x =<∈=-<<,{}{}2|430,|31B x x x x R x x x =-+≥∈=≥≤或,则{}|21A B x x =-<≤I , 故答案为:(]2,1-. 【点睛】本题主要考查集合的交集运算,熟记交集的概念,以及不等式的解法即可,属于基础题型. 6.1 【解析】 【分析】设出z a bi =+,得到()11a bi b a i --=-++,根据系数相等得到关于a ,b 的方程组,解出a ,b 的值,求出z ,从而求出z 的模. 【详解】 设z a bi =+,则1111z a bii z a bi---==+++, ∴()11a bi b a i --=-++,∴11a b b a -=-⎧⎨-=+⎩,解得01a b =⎧⎨=-⎩,故z i =-,1z =, 故答案为:1. 【点睛】本题主要考查求复数的模,熟记复数代数形式的乘法运算,以及复数的模即可,属于基础题型. 7.()3,1 【解析】 【分析】由于函数()12x f x a -=+经过定点()1,3,再利用反函数的性质即可得出.【详解】 ∵函数()12x f x a-=+经过定点()1,3,∴函数()f x 的反函数的图象经过定点()3,1P , 故答案为:()3,1. 【点睛】本题主要考查函数恒过定点的问题,以及反函数的问题,熟记指数函数的性质,以及反函数的概念即可,属于基础题型. 8.32【解析】 【分析】先利用排列组合公式,将原式化简成223lim 221n n nn n →∞-⋅++的形式,再求极限,即可得出结果.【详解】()()()()2222112limlim11nn n n n n n n P Cn n →∞→∞--++=++2233lim 2212n n n n n →∞-=⋅=++.故答案为:32. 【点睛】本题主要考查极限及其运算,熟记运算法则即可,属于常考题型. 9.23π 【解析】 【分析】由题意可得绕y 轴旋转,形成的是以1为半径,2为高的圆锥,根据圆锥的体积公式,即可求得所得几何体的体积. 【详解】由题意可知绕y 轴旋转,形成的是以1为半径,2为高的圆锥, 则2121233V ππ=⋅⨯⨯=, 故答案为:23π.【点睛】本题主要考查求旋转体的体积,熟记圆锥的体积公式即可,属于常考题型. 10【解析】 【分析】由已知等式化简可得sin (2cos 1)0θθ+=,结合范围,2πθπ⎛⎫∈⎪⎝⎭,解得1cos 2θ=-,利用同角三角函数基本关系式可求tan θ,利用二倍角的正切函数公式可求tan 2θ的值. 【详解】sin 2sin 0θθ+=Q , 2sin cos sin 0θθθ⇒+=,sin (2cos 1)0θθ⇒+=,,sin 02πθπθ⎛⎫∈≠ ⎪⎝⎭Q ,2cos 10θ∴+=,解得1cos 2θ=-,tan θ∴==22tan tan 21tan θθθ∴==-【点睛】本题主要考查的是三角恒等变换、二倍角的正弦、正切公式,同角三角函数关系的应用,考查学生的计算能力.11.[]22-,【解析】 【分析】根据条件判断函数的单调性和函数的零点,利用函数奇偶性和单调性的关系将不等式进行转化求解即可. 【详解】当0x ≥时,由()240xf x =-=得2x =,且当0x ≥时,函数()f x 为增函数, ∵()f x 是偶函数, ∴不等式()0f x ≤等价为()()2fx f ≤,即2x ≤,即22x -≤≤,即不等式的解集为[]22-,, 故答案为:[]22-,. 【点睛】本题主要考查由函数的奇偶性与单调性解不等式,熟记函数奇偶性,以及指数函数的单调性即可,属于常考题型. 12.24y x = 【解析】 【分析】先求出线段OA 的垂直平分线方程,然后表示出抛物线的焦点坐标并代入到所求方程中,进而可求得p 的值,即可得到抛物线方程. 【详解】 ∵点()1,1A ,依题意我们容易求得直线的方程为10x y +-=,把焦点坐标,02p ⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭代入可求得焦参数2p =, 从而得到抛物线C 的方程为:24y x =. 故答案为:24y x =. 【点睛】本题主要考查求抛物线的方程,只需由题意求出焦点坐标,根据抛物线的焦点坐标即可得出抛物线方程,熟记抛物线标准方程即可,属于常考题型. 13.()0,1,3,22⎛⎫- ⎪⎝⎭【解析】 【分析】消去参数,得到直线和曲线的普通方程,联立方程组,解方程即可. 【详解】先求参数t 得直线的普通方程为21x y +=,即12y x =-, 消去参数θ得曲线的普通方程为212y x =+, 将12y x =-代入212y x =+, 得()21212x x -=+, 即214412x x x -+=+, 则246x x =,得0x =或32x =, 当0x =时,1y =, 当32x =时,3121322y =-⨯=-=-, 即公共点到坐标为()0,1,3,22⎛⎫- ⎪⎝⎭,故答案为:()0,1,3,22⎛⎫- ⎪⎝⎭. 【点睛】本题主要考查求直线与曲线的交点坐标,会将参数方程化为普通方程即可,属于常考题型. 14.5 【解析】 【分析】根据题意,结合二项式定理可得,2233222n n n n C --=⨯gg C ,解可得答案. 【详解】解:根据二项式定理,可得211(2)()2r n rr n r rn r r n n T C x C x x---+==g g g , 根据题意,可得2233222n n n n C --=⨯gg C , 解得5n =, 故答案为5. 【点睛】本题考查二项式定理,要区分二项式系数与系数两个不同的概念.15 【解析】 【分析】记所有棱长均为2的正四棱锥为S ABCD -,其中ABCD 是边长为2的正方形,推导出ξ的2,分别求出相应的概率,由此能求出其数学期望E ξ. 【详解】如图所有棱长均为2的正四棱锥S ABCD -中,ABCD 是边长为2的正方形,SO ⊥底面ABCD ,SO AO ==SAB SBC SCD SAD S S S S ===V V V V 122=⨯=, ABD BCD ADC ABDS S S S ===V V V V 12222=⨯⨯=, 122SBD SAC S S ==⨯=V V ,∴ξ,2,(410P ξ==, ()6210P ξ==,4621010E ξ=⨯=【点睛】本题主要考查离散型随机变量的期望,熟记离散型随机变量的期望的概念即可,属于常考题型. 16.226n n + 【解析】 令,得,所以.当时,.与已知式相减,得,所以,时,适合.所以,所以,∴12231n a a a n +++=+L .17.{48,51,54,57,60} 【解析】 【分析】甲最终的得分为54分,可得:甲答对了20道题目中的18道,由于甲和乙都解答了所有的试题,甲必然有2道题目答错了,又甲和乙有2道题的选项不同,则乙可能这两道题答对,答错,乙也可能这2道题与甲一样,在甲正确的题目中乙可能有两道答错了,即可得到结论. 【详解】因为20道选择题每题3分,甲最终的得分为54分,所以甲答错了2道题,又因为甲和乙有两道题的选项不同,则他们最少有16道题的答案相同,设剩下的4道题正确答案为AAAA ,甲的答案为BBAA ,因为甲和乙有两道题的选项不同,所以乙可能的答案为BBCC ,BCBA ,CCAA ,CAAA ,AAAA 等,所以乙的所有可能的得分值组成的集合为{48,51,54,57,60},故答案为{48,51,54,57,60}. 【点睛】本题考查了集合的性质、分类讨论方法,考查了推理能力与计算能力,属于基础题.18.6+. 【解析】 【分析】由,A B 的坐标可以将直线l 的方程找到,通过M 点的坐标可以得到N 的坐标,将其纵坐标作差可以得到关于a 的不等式,通过求范围可以将绝对值去掉,由基本不等式可以得到a 的最大值. 【详解】因为()([1,2])af x x x x=-∈,0a >, 所以(1,1),(2,2)2aA aB --,所以直线l 的方程为(1)(1)12ay x a =+-+-,设(,)a M t t t -,所以(,(1)(1)1)2aN t t a +-+-,因为1MN ≤恒成立,所以(1)(1)1()12a a t a t t+-+---≤恒成立,所以23212t t at-+≤, 因为2()32g t t t =-+在[1,2]t ∈时小于等于0恒成立,所以23212t t a t-+-≤,①当1t =或2t =时,01≤显然成立; ②当(1,2)t ∈时,2222323t a t t t t --≤=-++-,所以由基本不等式得6a ≤=,此时t =,所以a的最大值为6+,故答案是:6+. 【点睛】该题考查的是有关根据恒成立求对应参数的取值范围的问题,在解题的过程中,主意对题中条件的转化,应用基本不等式求最值,属于较难题目. 19.(1)证明见解析 (2)2arccos 3【解析】 【分析】(1)推导出AC BC ⊥,1CC BC ⊥,由此能证明BC ⊥平面11ACC A .(2)以C 为原点,直线CA ,CB ,1CC 为x ,y ,z 轴,建立空间直角坐标系,利用向量法能求出二面角11B CD C --的大小. 【详解】(1)∵底面ABC V 是等腰直角三角形,且AC BC =, ∴AC BC ⊥,∵1CC ⊥平面111A B C , ∴1CC BC ⊥, ∵1AC CC C =I , ∴BC ⊥平面11ACC A .(2)以C 为原点,直线CA ,CB ,1CC 为x ,y ,z 轴,建立空间直角坐标系, 则()0,0,0C ,()2,0,0A ,()0,2,0B ,()10,0,2C ,()10,2,2B ,()2,0,1D ,由(1)得()0,2,0CB =uu r是平面11ACC A 的一个法向量,()10,2,2CB =u u u r ,()2,0,1CD =u u u r, 设平面1B CD 的一个法向量(),,n x y z =r, 则122020n CB y z n CD x z ⎧⋅=+=⎨⋅=+=⎩u u u v v u u u v v , 取1x =,得()1,2,2n =-r,设二面角11B CD C --的平面角为θ,则42cos 233CB n CB n θ⋅===⨯⋅u u u r r u u ur r , 由图形知二面角11B CD C --的大小是锐角, ∴二面角11B CD C --的大小为2arccos3.【点睛】本题主要考查线面垂直的证明,以及求二面角的平面角,熟记线面垂直的判定定理,以及空间向量的方法求二面角即可,属于常考题型.20.(1)()2sin 216f x x π⎛⎫=-- ⎪⎝⎭ (2)b =【解析】 【分析】(1)利用两角和与差的余弦公式展开,再由辅助角公式化简,由周期公式求得ω,则()f x 的解析式可求;(2)把()0f B =代入函数解析式,求得B ,展开数量积32BA BC ⋅=uu r uu u r ,求得ac 的值,结合4a c +=,利用余弦定理求得b 的值. 【详解】(1)()cos cos 133x x x f x ππωωω⎛⎫⎛⎫=+++-- ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭cos cossin sincos cossin sin13333x x x x x ππππωωωωω=+-++-cos 12sin 16x x x πωωω⎛⎫=+-=+- ⎪⎝⎭.∵2T ππω==,∴2ω=.则()2sin 216f x x π⎛⎫=-- ⎪⎝⎭; (2)由()2sin 2106B f B π⎛⎫=+-= ⎪⎝⎭,得1sin 262B π⎛⎫+= ⎪⎝⎭. ∴2266B k πππ+=+或52266B k πππ+=+,k Z ∈. ∵B 是三角形内角,∴3B π=.而3cos 2BA BC ac B ⋅=⋅=u u u r u u u r ,∴3ac =.又4a c +=,∴()2222162310a c a c ac +=+-=-⨯=. ∴2222cos 7b a c ac B =+-⋅=.则b =【点睛】本题主要考查由三角函数的周期求参数,以及余弦定理解三角形,熟记三角函数的性质,以及余弦定理即可,属于常考题型.21.(1)若是,理由见解析,[1,)+∞;(2)11,28⎡⎤--⎢⎥⎣⎦.【解析】 【分析】(1)化简1()11f x x =-+,从而可得11()3f x -≤≤,即|()|1f x ≤,从而得解; (2)由题意知|()|3g x ≤在[0,2]x ∈上恒成立,从而可得41214242x x x x a ⎛⎫⎛⎫--≤≤- ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭,再令12x t =,则1,14t ⎡⎤∈⎢⎥⎣⎦,进而可得2242t t a t t --≤≤-在1,14t ⎡⎤∈⎢⎥⎣⎦上恒成立,从而化为最值问题. 【详解】 (1)1()11f x x =-+,则()f x 在11,22⎡⎤-⎢⎥⎣⎦上是增函数,故11()22f f x f ⎛⎫⎛⎫-≤≤ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭,即11()3f x -≤≤,故|()|1f x ≤,所以()f x 是有界函数.所以,上界M 满足1M ≥,所有上界M 的集合是[1,)+∞. (2)因为函数()g x 在[0,2]x ∈上是以3为上界的有界函数, 故|()|3g x ≤在[0,2]x ∈上恒成立,即3()3g x -≤≤, 所以,31243x x a -≤++⋅≤([0,2]x ∈), 所以41214242xx x x a ⎛⎫⎛⎫--≤≤- ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭([0,2]x ∈), 令12x t =,则1,14t ⎡⎤∈⎢⎥⎣⎦, 故2242t t a t t --≤≤-在1,14t ⎡⎤∈⎢⎥⎣⎦上恒成立,所以22max min (4)(2)t t a t t --≤≤-,(1,14t ⎡⎤∈⎢⎥⎣⎦),令2()4h t t t =--,则()h t 在1,14t ⎡⎤∈⎢⎥⎣⎦时是减函数,所以max 11()42h t g ⎛⎫==-⎪⎝⎭; 令2()2p t t t =-,则()h t 在1,14t ⎡⎤∈⎢⎥⎣⎦时是增函数,所以min 11()48p t h ⎛⎫==-⎪⎝⎭. 所以,实数a 的取值范围是11,28⎡⎤--⎢⎥⎣⎦.【点睛】本题考查了函数的化简运算的应用及转化思想的应用,同时考查了恒成立问题与最值问题的应用,属于中档题.22.(1)5k = (2)证明见解析 (3)4【解析】 【分析】(1)联立221344x y y kx ⎧+=⎪⎨⎪=-⎩,得()223424360k x kx +-+=,由此利用韦达定理、根的判别式、向量相等,结合已知条件能求出k .(2)证明AFP BFO ∠=∠,等价于证明等价于0AF BF k k +=,由此能证明AFP BFO ∠=∠. (3)1212ABF PBF PAFS S S PF x x =-=⋅-V VV 234k =+.令t =,利用基本不等式性质能求出ABF V 面积的最大值. 【详解】(1)联立221344x y y kx ⎧+=⎪⎨⎪=-⎩,得()223424360k x kx +-+=, ∵直线()40y kx k =->与椭圆相交于A 、B 两点,∴()214440k ∆=->,即2k >或2k <-,设()11,A x y ,()22,B x y ,则1222434k x x k +=+,1223634x x k =+, ∵PA AB =u u u r u u u r,∴212x x =,代入上式,解得k =(2)由图形得要证明AFP BFO ∠=∠,等价于证明直线AF 与直线BF 的倾斜角互补, 即等价于0AF BF k k +=,121211AF BF y k x x k y ++++=121233kx kx x x --=+121223x x x x k ⎛⎫+=- ⎪⎝⎭222433423634k k k k ⋅+=-+220k k =-=, ∴AFP BFO ∠=∠. (3)∵2k >或2k <-, ∴1212ABF PBF PAF S S S PF x x =-=⋅-V V V132=⨯234k =+. 令t =,则0t >,2234316k t +=+,∴21818163163ABF t t S t t===≤++V 4=, 当且仅当163t t =,即2163t =,3k =取等号, ∴ABFV 面积的最大值为4. 【点睛】本题主要考查椭圆的简单性质的应用,通常需要联立直线与椭圆方程,根据韦达定理,弦长公式等求解,属于常考题型.23.(Ⅰ)见解析;(Ⅱ)()242n n b+=,;(Ⅲ)a≤1【解析】【详解】(Ⅰ)由已知得, 即, 由2b 1=a 1+a 2=25,得b 1=252, 由a 22=b 1b 2,得b 2=18, ∴{}是以为首项,为公差的等差数列.(Ⅱ)由(Ⅰ)知,∴()242n n b +=,因为n b ,1n a +,1n b +成等比数列所以.(Ⅲ)由(Ⅱ)知,原式化为,即f(n)=恒成立,当a–1>0即a>1时,不合题意;当a–1=0即a=1时,满足题意;当a–1<0即a<1时,f(n)的对称轴为,f(n)单调递减,∴只需f(1)=4a–15<0,可得a<,∴a<1;综上,a≤1.。
长宁、青浦、宝山、嘉定四区2016届第二学期高三教学质量检测数学试卷(理科) 2016.04.(满分150分,考试时间120分钟)考生注意:1.本试卷共4页,23道试题,满分150分.考试时间120分钟.2.本考试分设试卷和答题纸.试卷包括试题与答题要求.作答必须涂(选择题)或写(非选择题)在答题纸上,在试卷上作答一律不得分.3.答卷前,务必用钢笔或圆珠笔在答题纸上将姓名、学校、班级等信息填写清楚,并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上.一.填空题(本大题共有14题,满分56分)考生应在答题纸相应编号的空格内直接填写结果,每个空格填对4分,否则一律得零分.1.设集合,},034{2R ∈≥+-=x x x x B ,则_________. 2.已知为虚数单位,复数满足,则__________.3.设且,若函数的反函数的图像经过定点,则点的坐标 是___________.4.计算: __________.5.在平面直角坐标系内,直线,将与两条坐标轴围成的封闭图形绕轴 旋转一周,所得几何体的体积为___________. 6.已知,,则_____________.7.设定义在上的奇函数,当时,,则不等式的 解集是__________________.8.在平面直角坐标系中,有一定点,若线段的垂直平分线过抛物线 ()的焦点,则抛物线的方程为_____________.9.曲线⎪⎪⎩⎪⎪⎨⎧+-=-=t y t x 5521,551(为参数)与曲线(为参数)的公共点的坐标为____________.10.记)的展开式中第项的系数为,若,则________.11.从所有棱长均为的正四棱锥的个顶点中任取个点,设随机变量表示这三个点所 构成的三角形的面积,则其数学期望_________.1223n n =+L (),则___________.13.甲、乙两人同时参加一次数学测试,共有道选择题,每题均有个选项,答对得分,答错或不答得分.甲和乙都解答了所有的试题,经比较,他们有道题的选项不同,如果甲最终的得分为分,那么乙的所有可能的得分值组成的集合为____________.14.已知,函数()的图像的两个端点分别为、,设是函数图像上任意一点,过作垂直于轴的直线,且与线段交于点,若恒成立,则的最大值是_________________.二.选择题(本大题共有4题,满分20分)每题有且仅有一个正确答案,考生应在答题纸的相应编号上,将代表答案的小方格涂黑,每题选对得5分,否则一律得零分. 15.“”是“”的( ).(A )充分不必要条件 (B )必要不充分条件(C )充分必要条件 (D )既不充分也不必要条件16.下列命题正确的是( ).(A )若直线∥平面,直线∥平面,则∥;(B )若直线上有两个点到平面的距离相等,则∥; (C )直线与平面所成角的取值范围是; (D )若直线平面,直线平面,则∥.17.已知,是平面内两个互相垂直的单位向量,若向量满足,则 的最大值是( ).(A ) (B ) (C ) (D )18.已知函数⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧≤≤⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛<<=,153,6sin ,30,|log |)(3x x x x x f π 若存在实数,,,满足)()()()(4321x f x f x f x f ===,其中,则的取值范围是( ).(A ) (B ) (C ) (D )三.解答题(本大题满分74分)本大题共有5题,解答下列各题必须在答题纸相应编号的规定区域内写出必要的步骤.19.(本题满分12分)本题共有2个小题,第1小题满分5分,第2小题满分7分.如图,在直三棱柱中,底面△是等腰直角三角形,,为侧棱的中点. (1)求证:平面;(2)求二面角的大小(结果用反三角 函数值表示).20.(本题满分14分)本题共有2个小题,第1小题满分6分,第2小题满分8分.已知函数13cos 3cos sin 3)(-⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛-+⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛++=πωπωωx x x x f (,),且函数的最小正周期为.(1)求函数的解析式;(2)在△中,角,,所对的边分别为,,,若,,且,求的值.21.(本题满分14分)本题共有2个小题,第1小题满分6分,第2小题满分8分.定义在上的函数,如果满足:对任意,存在常数,都有成立,则称是上的有界函数,其中称为A B C A 1B 1C 1 D函数的上界.(1)设,判断在上是否为有界函数,若是,请说明理由,并写出的所有上界组成的集合;若不是,也请说明理由;(2)若函数在上是以为上界的有界函数,求实数的取值范围.22.(本题满分16分)本题共有3个小题,第1小题满分4分,第2小题满分6分,第3小题满分6分.如图,设是椭圆的下焦点,直线()与椭圆相交于、两点,与轴交于点. (1)若,求的值; (2)求证:;(3)求△面积的最大值.23.(本题满分18分)本题共有3个小题,第1小题满分4分,第2小题满分6分,第3小题满分8分.已知正项数列,满足:对任意,都有,,成等差数列,,,成等比数列,且,. (1)求证:数列是等差数列; (2)求数列,的通项公式; (3)设12111n nS a a a =+++L ,如果对任意,不等式恒成立,求实数的取值范围.二模理科数学参考答案一.填空题1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13.{48,51,54,57,60} 14.二.选择题15.B 16.D 17.C 18.B三.解答题19.(1)因为底面△是等腰直角三角形,且,所以,,(2分) 因为平面,所以, ………………………………………(4分)所以,平面. ……………………………………………………(5分) (2)以为原点,直线,,为,,轴,建立空间直角坐标系, 则,,,,,,由(1),是平面的一个法向量, ………………………(2分) ,,设平面的一个法向量为,则有⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧=⋅=⋅,0,01n CB n即令,则,, 所以, …………………………………………(5分)设与的夹角为,则32324||||cos =⨯=⋅=n CB CBθ, …………………(6分) 由图形知二面角的大小是锐角,所以,二面角的大小为. ……………………………(7分)20.(1)16sin 21cos sin 3)(-⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛+=-+=πωωωx x x x f , ………………(3分)又,所以,, ………………………………………………(5分)所以,162sin 2)(-⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛+=πx x f . …………………………………………………(6分) (2)0162sin 2)(=-⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛+=πB B f ,故,所以,或(),因为是三角形内角,所以.……(3分)而23cos =⋅=⋅B ac BC BA ,所以,, …………………………(5分) 又,所以,,所以,7cos 2222=-+=B ac c a b ,所以,. …………………………………(8分)21.(1),则在上是增函数,故⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛≤≤⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛-21)(21f x f f , 即, ……………………………………………(2分)故,所以是有界函数. ……………………………………………(4分) 所以,上界满足,所有上界的集合是. ……………………(6分)(2)因为函数在上是以为上界的有界函数,故在上恒成立,即,所以,34213≤⋅++≤-xx a (), ……(2分)所以⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛-≤≤⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛--x x x x a 21422144(), 令,则,故在上恒成立, 所以,min 2max 2)2()4(t t a t t -≤≤--(), ………………………(5分) 令,则在时是减函数,所以;(6分) 令,则在时是增函数,所以.…(7分)所以,实数的取值范围是. ……………………………………(8分)22.(1)由⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧-==+4,14322kx y y x 得03624)43(22=+-+kx x k ,所以△, 设,,则,, ………………(2分)因为,所以,代入上式求得。
2016年青浦区高考数学(理科)二模卷一、填空题1.【测量目标】数学基本知识和基本技能/理解或掌握初等数学中有关方程与代数的基本知识.【知识内容】方程与代数/集合与命题/交集,补集,并集.【参考答案】(2,1]-【试题分析】{}{}|||2,|22A x x x x x =∈=-R <<<,{}2|430,B x x x x =-+∈R ≥ {}13x x =≤或≥,所以(2,1]A B =- .故答案为(2,1]-.2.【测量目标】数学基本知识和基本技能/理解或涨掌握初等数学中有关数与运算的基本知识.【知识内容】数与运算/复数初步/复数的四则运算.【参考答案】1【试题分析】因为1i 1z z -=+,所以21i (1i)1(1)i i 1i (1i)(1i)z z z ---=+⇒===-++-, 则22||0(1)1z =+-=.故答案为1.3.【测量目标】数学基本知识和基本技能/理解或掌握初等数学中有关函数与分析的基本知识.【知识内容】函数与分析/指数函数与对数函数/指数函数的性质与图像、反函数.【参考答案】(3,1)【试题分析】因为函数1()2x f x a -=+经过定点(1,3),根据互为反函数的两个函数之间的关系知,函数()f x 的反函数经过定点(3,1),故答案为(3,1).4.【测量目标】数学基本知识和基本技能/理解或掌握初数学中有关方程与代数的基本知识.【知识内容】方程与代数/数列与数学归纳法/数列的极限.【参考答案】32【试题分析】2222223(1)3(1)P C 3(1)32lim 42(1)(1)2(1)22n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n→++++++====+++++∞,故答案为32. 5.【测量目标】数学基本知识和基本技能/理解或掌握初等数学中有关图形与几何的基本知识.【知识内容】图形与几何/简单几何体的研究/锥体.【参考答案】23π 【试题分析】设直线220x y +-=与条坐标轴的交点分别为A ,B ,则A (1,0),B (0,2),于是AOB △绕y 轴旋转一周,该几何体为底面半径为1,高为2的圆锥, 所以2211212333V R h π=π=⨯π⨯⨯=,故答案为23π. 6.【测量目标】数学基本知识和基本技能/理解或掌握初等数学中有关函数与分析的基本知识.【知识内容】函数与分析/三角比/二倍角及半角的正弦、余弦、正切.【参考答案】3【试题分析】由sin 2sin 0θθ+=得,2sin cos sin θθθ=-,所以1cos 2θ=-,因为(,2θπ∈π),所以3sin 2θ=,tan 3θ=-,又22tan tan231tan θθθ==-,故答案为3. 7.【测量目标】数学基本知识和基本技能/理解或掌握初等数学中有关函数与分析的基本知识.【知识内容】函数与分析/函数及其基本性质/函数的基本性质.【参考答案】(,2][0,2]-∞-【试题分析】当0x >时,因为()240x f x =-≤,所以02x <≤,又因为()y f x =是定义在R 上的奇函数,所以(0)0,f =()y f x =在(,0)-∞上单调递增,并且(2)(2)0f f -=-=,所以()02f x x ⇒≤≤-,综上,不等式()0f x ≤的解集为(,2][0,2]-∞- ,故答案为(,2][0,2]-∞- .8.【测量目标】数学基本知识和基本技能/理解或掌握初等数学中有关图形与几何的基本知识.【知识内容】图形与几何/曲线与方程/抛物线的标准方程和几何性质.【参考答案】24y x = 【试题分析】设抛物线的焦点坐标为(,0)2p ,线段OA 的中点坐标为11(,)22,因为1OA k =,所以经过抛物线焦点的线段OA 的垂直平分线的斜率0122112p k -==-,所以2p =,则抛物线的标准方程为24y x =,故答案为24y x =.9.【测量目标】数学基本知识和基本技能/能按照一定的规则和步骤进行计算、画图和推理.【知识内容】图形与几何/参数方程和极坐标/参数方程.【参考答案】(0,1) 【试题分析】因为2(sin cos )2sin cos 1θθθθ+-=,所以将51,52515x t y t ⎧=-⎪⎪⎨⎪=-+⎪⎩①代入 sin cos ,sin cos x y θθθθ=⋅⎧⎨=+⎩代入得2255(1)2(1)155t t -+--=,解得5t =或52-,将5t =、52-代入①求得0,1x y =⎧⎨=⎩或3,22x y ⎧=⎪⎨⎪=-⎩,因为πsin cos 2(sin )24y θθθ=+=+-≥,所以只有0,1x y =⎧⎨=⎩符合题意,故答案为(0,1). 10.【测量目标】数学基本知识和基本技能/理解或掌握初等数学中有关图形与几何的基本知识.【知识内容】数据整理与概率统计/排列、组合、二项式定理/二项式定理.【参考答案】5 【试题分析】1(2)nx x +的展开式中第m 项为的系数11C 2m n m m n b -+-=,因为342b b =,所以2233C 22C 2n n n n --=,即23C C n n =,得5n =,故答案为5. 11. 【测量目标】数学基本知识和基本技能/能按照一定的规则和步骤进行计算、画图和推理.【知识内容】图形与几何/简单集合体的研究/椎体;数据整理与概率统计/概率与统计/随机变量的分布及数字特征. 【参考答案】6235+ 【试题分析】如图,在棱长均为2的正四棱锥P ABCD -中,因为2AD PD ==,所以22BD =,2DO =,所以222PO PD DO =-=,23234PAD S =⨯=△, 122222PDB S =⨯⨯=△,12222ABD S =⨯⨯=△,从正四棱锥的5个顶点中任取3个点,可以构成的三角形的个数为35C 10=,其中顶点在侧面的三角形的有4个,在对角面的有2个,在底面的有4个,故342224623105E ξ⨯+⨯+⨯+==. 第11题图 cna112.【测量目标】运算能力/能通过运算,对问题进行推理和探求.【知识内容】方程与代数/数列与数学归纳法/简单的递推数列.【参考答案】226n n + 【试题分析】因为212++3n a a a n n ++=…①,所以14a =,当2n ≥时,2121+(1)+3(1)n a a a n n -++=--…②,①-②得,22n a n =+,所以2(22)n a n =+,116a =也适合此式,所以2(22)n a n =+,2(22)4(1)11n a n n n n +==+++,所以数列{}1n a n +是首项为182a =,公差为4的等差数列,所以12+231n a a a n ++=+… (844)2n n ++226n n =+,故答案为226n n +. 13.【测量目标】逻辑思维能力/具有对数学问题或资料进行观察、分析、综合、比较、抽象、概括、判断和论证的能力.【知识内容】数据整理与概率统计/概率与统计初步/随机变量的分布及数字特征.【参考答案】{48,51,54,57,60}【试题分析】因为20道选择题每题3分,甲最终的得分为54分,所以甲答错了2道题,又因为甲和乙有两道题的选项不同,则他们最少有16道题的答案相同,设剩下的4道题正确答案为AAAA,甲的答案为BBAA,因为甲和乙有两道题的选项不同,所以乙可能的答案为BBCC,BCBA,CCAA,CAAA,AAAA 等,所以乙的所有可能的得分值组成的集合为{48,51,54,57,60},故答案为{48,51,54,57,60}.14.【测量目标】数学基本知识和基本技能/能按照一定的规则和步骤进行计算、画图和推理.【知识内容】图形与几何/平面直线的方程/直线的一般式方程;方程与代数/不等式/基本不等式. 【参考答案】642+ 【试题分析】如图,设000(,)a M x x x -0(12)x ≤≤由题意得(1,1)A a -,(22)2a B -,,(1,1)2a AB =+ ,所以直线AB 的方程为1(1)112x y a a ---=+,化为一般式方程为3(1)22a y x a =+-,所以003(,(1))22a N x x a +-, 所以003||||22a a MN a x x =-- 003|2|22a a a x x -⋅≤3=(2)2a -,当且仅当002a a x x =,即02[1,2]x =∈时取等号,因为||1MN ≤恒成立,所以3(2)12a -≤,642a +≤,所以a 的最大值为642+,故答案为642+.第14题图 cna2 二、选择题15.【测量目标】数学基本知识和基本技能/理解或掌握初等数学中有关函数与分析的基本知识.【知识内容】函数与分析/三角比/同角三角比.【正确选项】B【试题分析】由于22sin cos 1αα+=,且sin 0α=,得到cos 1α=±,故充分性不成立;当cos 1α=时,sin 0α=,故必要性成立.故答案为B.16.【测量目标】空间想象能力/能正确地分析图形中的基本元素和相互关系.【知识内容】图形与几何/空间图形/空间直线与平面的位置关系.【正确选项】D【试题分析】直线1l 与2l 可能是与平面α平行的平面中的相交直线,故A 选项不正确;直线l 上的点可能是位于平面α两侧的点,故B 选项不正确;直线l 与平面α所形成的角大小可以取到0和π2,故C 选项不正确;垂直同一平面的两直线平行,故D 选项正确.故答案为D.17.【测量目标】数学基本知识和基本技能/理解或掌握初等数学中有关平面与几何的基本知识.【知识内容】平面与几何/平面向量的坐标表示/向量的度量计算.【正确选项】C【试题分析】由于a b ⊥ 且||||1a b == ,那么||2a b += ,所以2()()||||||cos 0c a c b c c a b a b α--=-++⋅= ,即||2c o s c α= ,由于1cos 1α-≤≤,所以||c 的最大值为2.故答案为C.18.【测量目标】分析问题与解决问题的能力/能综合运用基本知识、基本技能、数学基本思想方法和适当的解题策略,解决有关数学问题.【知识内容】函数与分析/指数函数与对数函数/对数函数的性质和图像;函数与分析/三角函数/正弦函数与余弦函数的图像.【正确选项】B【试题分析】因为存在实数1234,,,x x x x 满足1234()()()()f x f x f x f x a ====,所以函数()f x 与直线y a =的图像有4个交点,如图,因此123403315x x x x <<<<,≤≤,因为3()|log |,03f x x x =<<,所以3132313212|log ||log |,log log ,1x x x x x x =-==,又因为π()sin(),3156f x x x =≤≤的图像关于直线9x =对称,所以3418x x +=,所以1234331(18)x x x x x x =⋅⋅-,因为339x <<,所以12344581x x x x <<,故答案为B.第18题图 cna3 三、解答题19.(本题满分12分)本题共有2个小题,第1小题5分,第2小题7分.【测量目标】(1)空间想象能力/能正确地分析图形中的基本元素和相互关系.(2)空间想象能力/能正确地分析图形中的基本元素和相互关系.【知识内容】(1)图形与几何/空间图形/空间直线与平面的位置关系.(2)图形与几何/空间向量及其应用/距离和角.【参考答案】(1)因为底面△ABC 是等腰直角三角形,且BC AC =,所以,BC AC ⊥,………………………………………2分因为⊥1CC 平面111A B C ,所以BC CC ⊥1, ………………………………………4分 所以,⊥BC 平面11A ACC . ……………………………………………………5分(2)以C 为原点,直线CA ,CB ,1CC 为x ,y ,z 轴,建立空间直角坐标系, 则)0,0,0(C ,)0,0,2(A ,)0,2,0(B ,)2,0,0(1C ,)2,2,0(1B ,)1,0,2(D , 由(1),(0,2,0)CB = 是平面11A ACC 的一个法向量, ………………………7分 )2,2,0(1=CB ,)1,0,2(=CD ,设平面CD B 1的一个法向量为),,(z y x n = ,则有 10,0,n CB n CD ⎧⋅=⎪⎨⋅=⎪⎩ 即⎩⎨⎧=+=+,02,022z x z y 令1=x ,则2-=z ,2=y , 所以)2,2,1(-=n , …………………………………………10分 设CB 与n 的夹角为θ,则42cos 233||||CB n CB n θ⋅===⨯⋅ , …………………11分 由图形知二面角11C CD B --的大小是锐角,所以,二面角11C CD B --的大小为32arccos . ……………………………12分 20.(本题满分14分)本题共有2个小题,第1小题6分,第2小题8分.【测量目标】(1)运算能力/能根据法则准确地进行运算、变形.(2)运算能力/能通过运算,对问题进行推理和探求.【知识内容】(1)函数与分析/三角函数/函数sin()y A x ωϕ=+的图像与性质.(2)函数与分析/三角比/正弦定理和余弦定理;图形与几何/平面向量的坐标表示/平面向量的数量积.【参考答案】(1)π()3sin cos 12sin 16f x x x x ωωω⎛⎫=+-=+- ⎪⎝⎭, ……………3分 又πT =,所以,2=ω, ………………………………………………5分 所以,π()2sin 216f x x ⎛⎫=+- ⎪⎝⎭. …………………………………………………6分 (2)π()2sin 2106f B B ⎛⎫=+-= ⎪⎝⎭,故π1sin 262B ⎛⎫+= ⎪⎝⎭, 所以,ππ22π66B k +=+或π5π22π66B k +=+(Z ∈k ), 因为B 是三角形内角,所以π3B =.……9分 而3cos 2BA BC ac B ⋅=⋅= ,所以,3=ac , …………………………11分 又4=+c a ,所以,1022=+c a ,所以,7cos 2222=-+=B ac c a b , 所以,7=a . …………………………………14分 21.(本题满分14分)本题共有2个小题,第1小题6分,第2小题8分.【测量目标】(1)逻辑思维能力/会进行演绎、归纳和类比推理,能合乎逻辑地、准确地阐述自己的思想和观点.(2)分析问题与解决问题的能力/能自主地学习一些新的数学知识(概念、定理、性质和方法等),并能初步应用.【知识内容】(1)函数与分析/函数及其基本性质/函数的基本性质.(2)函数与分析/函数及其基本性质/函数的基本性质.【参考答案】(1)111)(+-=x x f ,则)(x f 在⎥⎦⎤⎢⎣⎡-21,21上是增函数,故 11()22f f x f ⎛⎫⎛⎫- ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭≤≤,即11()3f x -≤≤, ……………………………2分 故|()|1f x ≤,所以)(x f 是有界函数. ……………………………………………4分 所以,上界M 满足1M ≥,所有上界M 的集合是),1[∞+. ……………………6分(2)因为函数)(x g 在]2,0[∈x 上是以3为上界的有界函数,故|()|3g x ≤在]2,0[∈x 上恒成立,即3()3g x -≤≤,所以,31243x xa -++⋅≤≤(]2,0[∈x ), …………8分 所以41214242x x x x a ⎛⎫⎛⎫--- ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭≤≤(]2,0[∈x ), 令x t 21=,则⎥⎦⎤⎢⎣⎡∈1,41t ,故2242t t a t t ---≤≤在⎥⎦⎤⎢⎣⎡∈1,41t 上恒成立, 所以,22max min (4)(2)t t a t t ---≤≤(⎥⎦⎤⎢⎣⎡∈1,41t ), ………………………11分 令t t t h --=24)(,则)(t h 在⎥⎦⎤⎢⎣⎡∈1,41t 时是减函数,所以2141)(max -=⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛=g t h ;…12分 令t t t p -=22)(,则)(t p 在⎥⎦⎤⎢⎣⎡∈1,41t 时是增函数,所以8141)(min -=⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛=h t p .…13分 所以,实数a 的取值范围是⎥⎦⎤⎢⎣⎡--81,21. ……………………………………14分 22.(本题满分16分)本题共有3个小题,第1小题4分,第2小题6分,第3小题6分.【测量目标】(1)运算能力/能通过运算,对问题进行推理和探求.(2)逻辑思维能力/会正确而简明地表述推理过程,能合理地、符合逻辑地解释演绎推理的正确性.(3)分析问题与解决问题的能力/能综合运用基本知识、基本技能、数学思想方法和适当的解题策略,解决有关数学问题.【知识内容】(1)图形与几何/曲线与方程/椭圆的标准方程和几何性质.(2)图形与几何/平面直线的方程/直线的斜率与倾斜角.(3)图形与几何/曲线与方程/椭圆的标准方程和几何性质;方程与代数/不等式/基本不等式.【参考答案】(1)由221344x y y kx ⎧+=⎪⎨⎪=-⎩,得03624)43(22=+-+kx x k , 所以2144(4)0k ∆=->,设),(11y x A ,),(22y x B ,则4324221+=+k k x x ,4336221+=k x x , ………………2分 因为PA AB = ,所以122x x =,代入上式求得556=k . ………………………4分 (2)由图形可知,要证明BFO AFP ∠=∠,等价于证明直线AF 与直线BF 的倾斜角互补,即等价于0=+BF AF k k . …………………………………………6分21212122112211)(3211323311x x x x k x x k x kx x kx x y x y k k BF AF +-=⎪⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛+-=-+-=+++=+ 022433643243222=-=++⋅-=k k k k k k . …………………………………………9分 所以,BFO AFP ∠=∠. …………………………………………………10分(3)由0∆>,得042>-k ,所以212121211||||3()422ABF PBF PAF S S S PF x x x x x x ∆∆=-=⋅-=⋅⋅+-△ 4341822+-=k k , ………………………………………………………………13分 令42-=k t ,则0>t ,1634322+=+t k 故222184181816343163ABF k t S k t t t -===+++△ 183342316=⋅≤(当且仅当t t 163=,即3162=t ,3212=k 取等号). ……15分 所以,△ABF 面积的最大值是433. ……………………………………………16分 23.(本题满分18分)本题共有3个小题,第1小题4分,第2小题6分,第3小题8分.【测量目标】(1)逻辑思维能力/会正确而简明地表述推理过程,能合理地、符合逻辑地解释演绎推理的正确性.(2)分析问题与解决问题的能力/能综合运用基本知识、基本技能、数学思想方法和适当的解题策略,解决有关数学问题.(3)分析问题与解决问题的能力/能综合运用基本知识、基本技能、数学思想方法和适当的解题策略,解决有关数学问题.【知识内容】(1)方程与代数/数列与数学归纳法/等差数列.(2)方程与代数/数列与数学归纳法/等差数列、等比数列.(3)方程与代数/数列与数学归纳法/简单的递推数列.【参考答案】(1)由已知,12++=n n n a a b ①, 121++=n n n b b a ②, ………1分 由②可得,11++=n n n b b a ③, ……………………………2分将③代入①得,对任意*N ∈n ,2n ≥,有112+-+=n n n n n b b b b b , 即112+-+=n n n b b b ,所以{}n b 是等差数列. …………………………4分 (2)设数列{}n b 的公差为d ,由101=a ,152=a ,得2251=b ,182=b ,……6分 所以2251=b ,232=b ,所以2212=-=b b d , ……………………7分 所以,)4(2222)1(225)1(1+=⋅-+=-+=n n d n b b n , ………………8分 所以,2)4(2+=n b n ,2)4(2)3(2212+⋅+==-n n b b a n n n , ……………………9分 2)4)(3(++=n n a n . …………………………………………………………10分 (3)解法一:由(2),⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛+-+=++=41312)4)(3(21n n n n a n , ……………11分 所以,111111112245563444n S n n n ⎡⎤⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫=-+-+⋅⋅⋅+-=- ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪⎢⎥+++⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭⎣⎦,……13分 故不等式n n n a b aS -<22化为34241414++-<⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛+-n n n a , 即)3()4)(2(+++<n n n n a 当*N ∈n 时恒成立, …………………………………………14分 令)3(2312131121342)3()4)(2()(+++++=⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛++⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛+=++⋅+=+++=n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n f , 则)(n f 随着n 的增大而减小,且1)(>n f 恒成立. ………………………………17分 故1a ≤,所以,实数a 的取值范围是]1,(-∞. ………………………………18分解法二:由(2),⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛+-+=++=41312)4)(3(21n n n n a n , ……………………11分 所以,111111112245563444n S n n n ⎡⎤⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫=-+-+⋅⋅⋅+-=- ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪⎢⎥+++⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭⎣⎦,……13分 故不等式n n n a b aS -<22化为34241414++-<⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛+-n n n a , 所以,原不等式对任意*N ∈n 恒成立等价于08)2(3)1(2<--+-n a n a 对任意*N ∈n 恒成立, ……………………………………14分设8)2(3)1()(2--+-=n a n a n f ,由题意,10a -≤,当1=a 时,083)(<--=n n f 恒成立; …………………………15分 当1<a 时,函数8)2(3)1()(2--+-=x a x a x f 图像的对称轴为01223<--⋅-=a a x , )(x f 在),0(∞+上单调递减,即)(n f 在*N 上单调递减,故只需0)1(<f 即可,由0154)1(<-=a f ,得415<a ,所以当1a ≤时,n n b aS <4对*N ∈n 恒成立. 综上,实数a 的取值范围是]1,(-∞. …………………………18分。
2016年青浦区高考数学(理科)二模卷一、填空题1.【测量目标】数学基本知识和基本技能/理解或掌握初等数学中有关方程与代数的基本知识.【知识内容】方程与代数/集合与命题/交集,补集,并集.【参考答案】(2,1]-【试题分析】{}{}|||2,|22A x x x x x =∈=-R <<<,{}2|430,B x x x x =-+∈R ≥ {}13x x =≤或≥,所以(2,1]A B =-.故答案为(2,1]-.2.【测量目标】数学基本知识和基本技能/理解或涨掌握初等数学中有关数与运算的基本知识.【知识内容】数与运算/复数初步/复数的四则运算.【参考答案】1【试题分析】因为1i 1z z-=+,所以21i (1i)1(1)i i 1i (1i)(1i)z z z ---=+⇒===-++-, 则22||0(1)1z =+-=.故答案为1.3.【测量目标】数学基本知识和基本技能/理解或掌握初等数学中有关函数与分析的基本知识.【知识内容】函数与分析/指数函数与对数函数/指数函数的性质与图像、反函数.【参考答案】(3,1)【试题分析】因为函数1()2x f x a -=+经过定点(1,3),根据互为反函数的两个函数之间的关系知,函数()f x 的反函数经过定点(3,1),故答案为(3,1).4.【测量目标】数学基本知识和基本技能/理解或掌握初数学中有关方程与代数的基本知识.【知识内容】方程与代数/数列与数学归纳法/数列的极限.【参考答案】32【试题分析】2222223(1)3(1)P C 3(1)32lim 42(1)(1)2(1)22n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n→++++++====+++++∞,故答案为32. 5.【测量目标】数学基本知识和基本技能/理解或掌握初等数学中有关图形与几何的基本知识.【知识内容】图形与几何/简单几何体的研究/锥体.【参考答案】23π 【试题分析】设直线220x y +-=与条坐标轴的交点分别为A ,B ,则A (1,0),B (0,2),于是AOB △绕y 轴旋转一周,该几何体为底面半径为1,高为2的圆锥, 所以2211212333V R h π=π=⨯π⨯⨯=,故答案为23π. 6.【测量目标】数学基本知识和基本技能/理解或掌握初等数学中有关函数与分析的基本知识.【知识内容】函数与分析/三角比/二倍角及半角的正弦、余弦、正切.【参考答案】3【试题分析】由sin 2sin 0θθ+=得,2sin cos sin θθθ=-,所以1cos 2θ=-,因为(,2θπ∈π),所以3sin 2θ=,tan 3θ=-,又22tan tan231tan θθθ==-,故答案为3. 7.【测量目标】数学基本知识和基本技能/理解或掌握初等数学中有关函数与分析的基本知识.【知识内容】函数与分析/函数及其基本性质/函数的基本性质.【参考答案】(,2][0,2]-∞-【试题分析】当0x >时,因为()240xf x =-≤,所以02x <≤,又因为()y f x =是定义在R 上的奇函数,所以(0)0,f =()y f x =在(,0)-∞上单调递增,并且(2)(2)0f f -=-=,所以()02f x x ⇒≤≤-,综上,不等式()0f x ≤的解集为(,2][0,2]-∞-,故答案为(,2][0,2]-∞-.8.【测量目标】数学基本知识和基本技能/理解或掌握初等数学中有关图形与几何的基本知识.【知识内容】图形与几何/曲线与方程/抛物线的标准方程和几何性质.【参考答案】24y x = 【试题分析】设抛物线的焦点坐标为(,0)2p ,线段OA 的中点坐标为11(,)22,因为1OA k =,所以经过抛物线焦点的线段OA 的垂直平分线的斜率0122112p k -==-,所以2p =,则抛物线的标准方程为24y x =,故答案为24y x =.9.【测量目标】数学基本知识和基本技能/能按照一定的规则和步骤进行计算、画图和推理.【知识内容】图形与几何/参数方程和极坐标/参数方程.【参考答案】(0,1) 【试题分析】因为2(sin cos )2sin cos 1θθθθ+-=,所以将51,52515x t y t ⎧=-⎪⎪⎨⎪=-+⎪⎩①代入sin cos ,sin cos x y θθθθ=⋅⎧⎨=+⎩代入得2255(1)2(1)155t t -+--=,解得5t =或52-,将5t =、52-代入①求得0,1x y =⎧⎨=⎩或3,22x y ⎧=⎪⎨⎪=-⎩,因为πsin cos 2(sin )24y θθθ=+=+-≥,所以只有0,1x y =⎧⎨=⎩符合题意,故答案为(0,1). 10.【测量目标】数学基本知识和基本技能/理解或掌握初等数学中有关图形与几何的基本知识.【知识内容】数据整理与概率统计/排列、组合、二项式定理/二项式定理.【参考答案】5 【试题分析】1(2)n x x+的展开式中第m 项为的系数11C 2m n m m n b -+-=,因为342b b =,所以2233C 22C 2n n n n --=,即23C C n n =,得5n =,故答案为5. 11. 【测量目标】数学基本知识和基本技能/能按照一定的规则和步骤进行计算、画图和推理.【知识内容】图形与几何/简单集合体的研究/椎体;数据整理与概率统计/概率与统计/随机变量的分布及数字特征. 【参考答案】6235+ 【试题分析】如图,在棱长均为2的正四棱锥P ABCD -中,因为2AD PD ==,所以22BD =,2DO =,所以222PO PD DO =-=,23234PAD S =⨯=△, 122222PDB S =⨯⨯=△,12222ABD S =⨯⨯=△,从正四棱锥的5个顶点中任取3个点,可以构成的三角形的个数为35C 10=,其中顶点在侧面的三角形的有4个,在对角面的有2个,在底面的有4个,故342224623105E ξ⨯+⨯+⨯+==. 第11题图 cna112.【测量目标】运算能力/能通过运算,对问题进行推理和探求.【知识内容】方程与代数/数列与数学归纳法/简单的递推数列.【参考答案】226n n + 【试题分析】因为212++3n a a a n n ++=…①,所以14a =,当2n ≥时,2121+(1)+3(1)n a a a n n -++=--…②,①-②得,22n a n =+,所以2(22)n a n =+,116a =也适合此式,所以2(22)n a n =+,2(22)4(1)11n a n n n n +==+++,所以数列{}1n a n +是首项为182a =,公差为4的等差数列,所以12+231n a a a n ++=+… (844)2n n ++226n n =+,故答案为226n n +. 13.【测量目标】逻辑思维能力/具有对数学问题或资料进行观察、分析、综合、比较、抽象、概括、判断和论证的能力.【知识内容】数据整理与概率统计/概率与统计初步/随机变量的分布及数字特征.【参考答案】{48,51,54,57,60}【试题分析】因为20道选择题每题3分,甲最终的得分为54分,所以甲答错了2道题,又因为甲和乙有两道题的选项不同,则他们最少有16道题的答案相同,设剩下的4道题正确答案为AAAA,甲的答案为BBAA,因为甲和乙有两道题的选项不同,所以乙可能的答案为BBCC,BCBA,CCAA,CAAA,AAAA 等,所以乙的所有可能的得分值组成的集合为{48,51,54,57,60},故答案为{48,51,54,57,60}.14.【测量目标】数学基本知识和基本技能/能按照一定的规则和步骤进行计算、画图和推理.【知识内容】图形与几何/平面直线的方程/直线的一般式方程;方程与代数/不等式/基本不等式. 【参考答案】642+ 【试题分析】如图,设000(,)a M x x x -0(12)x ≤≤由题意得(1,1)A a -,(22)2a B -,,(1,1)2a AB =+,所以直线AB 的方程为1(1)112x y a a ---=+,化为一般式方程为3(1)22a y x a =+-,所以003(,(1))22a N x x a +-, 所以003||||22a a MN a x x =-- 003|2|22a a a x x -⋅≤3=(2)2a -,当且仅当002a a x x =,即02[1,2]x =∈时取等号,因为||1MN ≤恒成立,所以3(2)12a -≤,642a +≤,所以a 的最大值为642+,故答案为642+.第14题图 cna2 二、选择题15.【测量目标】数学基本知识和基本技能/理解或掌握初等数学中有关函数与分析的基本知识.【知识内容】函数与分析/三角比/同角三角比.【正确选项】B【试题分析】由于22sin cos 1αα+=,且sin 0α=,得到cos 1α=±,故充分性不成立;当cos 1α=时,sin 0α=,故必要性成立.故答案为B.16.【测量目标】空间想象能力/能正确地分析图形中的基本元素和相互关系.【知识内容】图形与几何/空间图形/空间直线与平面的位置关系.【正确选项】D【试题分析】直线1l 与2l 可能是与平面α平行的平面中的相交直线,故A 选项不正确;直线l 上的点可能是位于平面α两侧的点,故B 选项不正确;直线l 与平面α所形成的角大小可以取到0和π2,故C 选项不正确;垂直同一平面的两直线平行,故D 选项正确.故答案为D.17.【测量目标】数学基本知识和基本技能/理解或掌握初等数学中有关平面与几何的基本知识.【知识内容】平面与几何/平面向量的坐标表示/向量的度量计算.【正确选项】C【试题分析】由于a b ⊥且||||1a b ==,那么||2a b +=,所以2()()||||||cos 0c a c b c c a b a b α--=-++⋅=,即||2cos c α=,由于1cos 1α-≤≤,所以||c 的最大值为2.故答案为C.18.【测量目标】分析问题与解决问题的能力/能综合运用基本知识、基本技能、数学基本思想方法和适当的解题策略,解决有关数学问题.【知识内容】函数与分析/指数函数与对数函数/对数函数的性质和图像;函数与分析/三角函数/正弦函数与余弦函数的图像.【正确选项】B【试题分析】因为存在实数1234,,,x x x x 满足1234()()()()f x f x f x f x a ====,所以函数()f x 与直线y a =的图像有4个交点,如图,因此123403315x x x x <<<<,≤≤,因为3()|log |,03f x x x =<<,所以3132313212|log ||log |,log log ,1x x x x x x =-==,又因为π()sin(),3156f x x x =≤≤的图像关于直线9x =对称,所以3418x x +=,所以1234331(18)x x x x x x =⋅⋅-,因为339x <<,所以12344581x x x x <<,故答案为B.第18题图 cna3 三、解答题19.(本题满分12分)本题共有2个小题,第1小题5分,第2小题7分.【测量目标】(1)空间想象能力/能正确地分析图形中的基本元素和相互关系.(2)空间想象能力/能正确地分析图形中的基本元素和相互关系.【知识内容】(1)图形与几何/空间图形/空间直线与平面的位置关系.(2)图形与几何/空间向量及其应用/距离和角.【参考答案】(1)因为底面△ABC 是等腰直角三角形,且BC AC =,所以,BC AC ⊥,………………………………………2分因为⊥1CC 平面111A B C ,所以BC CC ⊥1, ………………………………………4分 所以,⊥BC 平面11A ACC . ……………………………………………………5分(2)以C 为原点,直线CA ,CB ,1CC 为x ,y ,z 轴,建立空间直角坐标系, 则)0,0,0(C ,)0,0,2(A ,)0,2,0(B ,)2,0,0(1C ,)2,2,0(1B ,)1,0,2(D ,由(1),(0,2,0)CB =是平面11A ACC 的一个法向量, ………………………7分)2,2,0(1=CB ,)1,0,2(=CD ,设平面CD B 1的一个法向量为),,(z y x n = ,则有 10,0,n CB n CD ⎧⋅=⎪⎨⋅=⎪⎩ 即⎩⎨⎧=+=+,02,022z x z y 令1=x ,则2-=z ,2=y , 所以)2,2,1(-=n , …………………………………………10分 设CB 与n 的夹角为θ,则42cos 233||||CB n CB n θ⋅===⨯⋅, …………………11分 由图形知二面角11C CD B --的大小是锐角, 所以,二面角11C CD B --的大小为32arccos . ……………………………12分20.(本题满分14分)本题共有2个小题,第1小题6分,第2小题8分.【测量目标】(1)运算能力/能根据法则准确地进行运算、变形.(2)运算能力/能通过运算,对问题进行推理和探求.【知识内容】(1)函数与分析/三角函数/函数sin()y A x ωϕ=+的图像与性质.(2)函数与分析/三角比/正弦定理和余弦定理;图形与几何/平面向量的坐标表示/平面向量的数量积.【参考答案】(1)π()3sin cos 12sin 16f x x x x ωωω⎛⎫=+-=+- ⎪⎝⎭, ……………3分 又πT =,所以,2=ω, ………………………………………………5分所以,π()2sin 216f x x ⎛⎫=+- ⎪⎝⎭. …………………………………………………6分 (2)π()2sin 2106f B B ⎛⎫=+-= ⎪⎝⎭,故π1sin 262B ⎛⎫+= ⎪⎝⎭, 所以,ππ22π66B k +=+或π5π22π66B k +=+(Z ∈k ),因为B 是三角形内角,所以π3B =.……9分 而3cos 2BA BC ac B ⋅=⋅=,所以,3=ac , …………………………11分 又4=+c a ,所以,1022=+c a ,所以,7cos 2222=-+=B ac c a b , 所以,7=a . …………………………………14分21.(本题满分14分)本题共有2个小题,第1小题6分,第2小题8分.【测量目标】(1)逻辑思维能力/会进行演绎、归纳和类比推理,能合乎逻辑地、准确地阐述自己的思想和观点.(2)分析问题与解决问题的能力/能自主地学习一些新的数学知识(概念、定理、性质和方法等),并能初步应用.【知识内容】(1)函数与分析/函数及其基本性质/函数的基本性质.(2)函数与分析/函数及其基本性质/函数的基本性质.【参考答案】(1)111)(+-=x x f ,则)(x f 在⎥⎦⎤⎢⎣⎡-21,21上是增函数,故 11()22f f x f ⎛⎫⎛⎫- ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭≤≤,即11()3f x -≤≤, ……………………………2分 故|()|1f x ≤,所以)(x f 是有界函数. ……………………………………………4分 所以,上界M 满足1M ≥,所有上界M 的集合是),1[∞+. ……………………6分(2)因为函数)(x g 在]2,0[∈x 上是以3为上界的有界函数,故|()|3g x ≤在]2,0[∈x 上恒成立,即3()3g x -≤≤,所以,31243x x a -++⋅≤≤(]2,0[∈x ), …………8分 所以41214242x x x x a ⎛⎫⎛⎫--- ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭≤≤(]2,0[∈x ), 令x t 21=,则⎥⎦⎤⎢⎣⎡∈1,41t ,故2242t t a t t ---≤≤在⎥⎦⎤⎢⎣⎡∈1,41t 上恒成立, 所以,22max min (4)(2)t t a t t ---≤≤(⎥⎦⎤⎢⎣⎡∈1,41t ), ………………………11分 令t t t h --=24)(,则)(t h 在⎥⎦⎤⎢⎣⎡∈1,41t 时是减函数,所以2141)(max -=⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛=g t h ;…12分 令t t t p -=22)(,则)(t p 在⎥⎦⎤⎢⎣⎡∈1,41t 时是增函数,所以8141)(min -=⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛=h t p .…13分 所以,实数a 的取值范围是⎥⎦⎤⎢⎣⎡--81,21. ……………………………………14分 22.(本题满分16分)本题共有3个小题,第1小题4分,第2小题6分,第3小题6分.【测量目标】(1)运算能力/能通过运算,对问题进行推理和探求.(2)逻辑思维能力/会正确而简明地表述推理过程,能合理地、符合逻辑地解释演绎推理的正确性.(3)分析问题与解决问题的能力/能综合运用基本知识、基本技能、数学思想方法和适当的解题策略,解决有关数学问题.【知识内容】(1)图形与几何/曲线与方程/椭圆的标准方程和几何性质.(2)图形与几何/平面直线的方程/直线的斜率与倾斜角.(3)图形与几何/曲线与方程/椭圆的标准方程和几何性质;方程与代数/不等式/基本不等式.【参考答案】(1)由221344x y y kx ⎧+=⎪⎨⎪=-⎩,得03624)43(22=+-+kx x k , 所以2144(4)0k ∆=->,设),(11y x A ,),(22y x B ,则4324221+=+k k x x ,4336221+=k x x , ………………2分 因为PA AB =,所以122x x =,代入上式求得556=k . ………………………4分 (2)由图形可知,要证明BFO AFP ∠=∠,等价于证明直线AF 与直线BF 的倾斜角互补,即等价于0=+BF AF k k . …………………………………………6分21212122112211)(3211323311x x x x k x x k x kx x kx x y x y k k BF AF +-=⎪⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛+-=-+-=+++=+ 022433643243222=-=++⋅-=k k k k k k . …………………………………………9分 所以,BFO AFP ∠=∠. …………………………………………………10分 (3)由0∆>,得042>-k ,所以212121211||||3()422ABF PBF PAF S S S PF x x x x x x ∆∆=-=⋅-=⋅⋅+-△ 4341822+-=k k , ………………………………………………………………13分令42-=k t ,则0>t ,1634322+=+t k 故222184181816343163ABF k t S k t t t -===+++△ 183342316=⋅≤(当且仅当t t 163=,即3162=t ,3212=k 取等号). ……15分 所以,△ABF 面积的最大值是433. ……………………………………………16分 23.(本题满分18分)本题共有3个小题,第1小题4分,第2小题6分,第3小题8分.【测量目标】(1)逻辑思维能力/会正确而简明地表述推理过程,能合理地、符合逻辑地解释演绎推理的正确性.(2)分析问题与解决问题的能力/能综合运用基本知识、基本技能、数学思想方法和适当的解题策略,解决有关数学问题.(3)分析问题与解决问题的能力/能综合运用基本知识、基本技能、数学思想方法和适当的解题策略,解决有关数学问题.【知识内容】(1)方程与代数/数列与数学归纳法/等差数列.(2)方程与代数/数列与数学归纳法/等差数列、等比数列.(3)方程与代数/数列与数学归纳法/简单的递推数列.【参考答案】(1)由已知,12++=n n n a a b ①, 121++=n n n b b a ②, ………1分 由②可得,11++=n n n b b a ③, ……………………………2分 将③代入①得,对任意*N ∈n ,2n ≥,有112+-+=n n n n n b b b b b , 即112+-+=n n n b b b ,所以{}n b 是等差数列. …………………………4分 (2)设数列{}n b 的公差为d ,由101=a ,152=a ,得2251=b ,182=b ,……6分 所以2251=b ,232=b ,所以2212=-=b b d , ……………………7分 所以,)4(2222)1(225)1(1+=⋅-+=-+=n n d n b b n , ………………8分所以,2)4(2+=n b n ,2)4(2)3(2212+⋅+==-n n b b a n n n , ……………………9分 2)4)(3(++=n n a n . …………………………………………………………10分 (3)解法一:由(2),⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛+-+=++=41312)4)(3(21n n n n a n , ……………11分 所以,111111112245563444n S n n n ⎡⎤⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫=-+-+⋅⋅⋅+-=- ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪⎢⎥+++⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭⎣⎦,……13分 故不等式n n n a b aS -<22化为34241414++-<⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛+-n n n a , 即)3()4)(2(+++<n n n n a 当*N ∈n 时恒成立, …………………………………………14分 令)3(2312131121342)3()4)(2()(+++++=⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛++⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛+=++⋅+=+++=n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n f , 则)(n f 随着n 的增大而减小,且1)(>n f 恒成立. ………………………………17分 故1a ≤,所以,实数a 的取值范围是]1,(-∞. ………………………………18分解法二:由(2),⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛+-+=++=41312)4)(3(21n n n n a n , ……………………11分 所以,111111112245563444n S n n n ⎡⎤⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫=-+-+⋅⋅⋅+-=- ⎪ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪⎢⎥+++⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭⎣⎦,……13分 故不等式n n n a b aS -<22化为34241414++-<⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛+-n n n a , 所以,原不等式对任意*N ∈n 恒成立等价于08)2(3)1(2<--+-n a n a 对任意*N ∈n 恒成立, ……………………………………14分 设8)2(3)1()(2--+-=n a n a n f ,由题意,10a -≤,当1=a 时,083)(<--=n n f 恒成立; …………………………15分 当1<a 时,函数8)2(3)1()(2--+-=x a x a x f 图像的对称轴为01223<--⋅-=a a x , )(x f 在),0(∞+上单调递减,即)(n f 在*N 上单调递减,故只需0)1(<f 即可,由0154)1(<-=a f ,得415<a ,所以当1a ≤时,n n b aS <4对*N ∈n 恒成立. 综上,实数a 的取值范围是]1,(-∞. …………………………18分。
2016年长宁、宝山、青浦、嘉定高三第二次模拟练习物 理 试 卷本试卷共9页,满分l50分,考试时间l20分钟。
全卷包括六大题,第一、二大题为单项选择题,第三大题为多项选择题,第四大题为填空题,第五大题为实验题,第六大题为计算题。
考生注意:1、答卷前,务必用钢笔或圆珠笔在答题纸正面清楚地填写姓名、准考证号,并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上,在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。
2、第一、第二和第三大题的作答必须用2B 铅笔涂在答题纸上相应区域内与试卷题号对应的位置,需要更改时,必须将原选项用橡皮擦去,重新选择。
第四、第五和第六大题的作答必须用黑色的钢笔或圆珠笔写在答题纸上与试卷题号对应的位置(作图可用铅笔)。
3、第30、31、32、33题要求写出必要的文字说明、方程式和重要的演算步骤。
只写出最后答案,而未写出主要演算过程的,不能得分。
有关物理量的数值计算问题,答案中必须明确写出数值和单位。
一.单项选择题Ⅰ(共16分,每小题2分。
每小题只有一个正确选项。
) 1. 真空中的可见光与无线电波(A)波长相等 (B)频率相等 (C)传播速度相等 (D)传播能量相等 2. 在如图所示的逻辑电路中,当A 端输入电信号“1”、B 端输入电信号“0”时,在C 和D 端输出的电信号分别为 (A)0和0 (B)0和1 (C)1和0(D)1和13.关于核能,下述正确的是(A)它是可再生能源 (B)它只能通过重核裂变获得 (C)它是原子核结构发生变化时放出的能量 (D)重核裂变的反应速度无法控制 4.用一束紫外线照射某金属时不能产生光电效应,可能使该金属产生光电效应的措施是 (A)改用X 射线照射 (B)改用红外线照射(C)延长该紫外线的照射时间 (D)改用强度更大的紫外线照射5. 如图,水平地面上堆放着原木,关于原木P 的支撑点M 、N 处受力方向所述正确的是 (A) N 处受到的支持力竖直向上 (B) M 处受到的支持力竖直向上(C) N 处受到的摩擦力沿水平方向 (D) M 处受到的摩擦力沿MN 方向 6. 关于星系,下述正确的是(A)星系是由宇宙中的恒星、气体和尘埃组成的 (B)银河系是一种不规则星系 (C)银河系中恒星只有少量的几颗 (D)太阳处于河外星系中 7.如图,天然放射性元素放出的射线通过电场后分成三束,则(A)①电离作用最强,是一种电磁波(B)②贯穿本领最弱,用一张白纸就可以把它挡住(C)原子核放出一个①粒子后,形成的新核比原来的电荷数多1个 (D)原子核放出一个③粒子后,质子数比原来少4,中子数比原来少2个8.如图,一根长直导线竖直放置,通以向上的电流。
2016长宁宝山嘉定青浦高三二模卷长宁、宝山、嘉定、青浦四区2016年高三年级质量调研测试英语试卷第I卷(共103分)I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. At home. B. In his office.C. At school.D. In the meeting room.2. A. Boss and secretary. B. Brother and sister.C. Teacher and student.D. Customer and shop assistant.3. A. The man needs to be up all night. B. It’s wise of the man to study English.C. The man should get some sleep.D. It’s easy for the man to stay up late.4. A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Six.5. A. She used to be healthier. B. Jogging does do good to her.C. She didn’t like exercise before.D. Jogging is never part of her life.6. A. The woman is willing to teach the man to use theB. The man doesn’t want to be bothered by the wom an.C. The clerk should have made more copies.D. The clerk won’t come back to make any copies.7. A. He likes to eat Italian food. B. He wishes to pay the bill.C. He wants to be treated there.D. He intends to prepare lunch.8. A. She is studying French in Canada. B. She stayed in Canada for two weeks.C. She is planning to return to Canada.D. She spent the Spring Festival in Canada.9. A. He prefers yellow to brown. B. He doesn’t like either of the colours.C. He chooses both yellow and brown.D. He doe sn’t care much about colo ur.10. A. His wife often complains about everything.B. He didn’t want to cut his wife’s long hair.C. His wife didn’t take his sensible advice.D. He really likes his wife’s new hairstyle.Section BDirections:In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passage. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. They wanted him to support the family by selling books.B. They thought him unable to earn enough money as aC. They expected him to take over their business as a bookseller.D. They found him unfit to be a painter due to his personality.12. A. Morse got the inspiration from electricity.B. People were generous to Morse for his paintings.C. Longer codes were used for common letters in telegraph.D. Messages often failed to reach their destinations in the 1800s.13. A. A way of conveying messages. B. The main functions of telegraph.C. A brief introduction of Morse.D. The symbols of Morse code.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Endurance. B. Exhausted. C. Survivor. D. That’ll teach ’em.15. A. It aims at making money. B. It gets adults involved.C. It is unpleasant.D. It is educational.16. A. They are extremely dangerous. B. They are over commercial.C. They are entirely fictional.D. They are quite popular.Section CDirections:In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the followingconversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)About dancing bearsYoung bears are captured in the wild, separated from their mothers, and taught by a trainer to become dancing bears in conditions of unimaginable cruelty.The young animals are forced on to sheets of really hot metal and, (25) ______ (escape) the pain, the bears alternate lifting up one paw (爪子) and then another while music is played. The process is repeated again and again (26) ______ the animals automatically begin to raise their paws –to ―dance‖– in fear of the pain, even when there are no metal sheets.As the bears get older, the trainers keep them under control by imposing pain. They do this by putting rings through the bears’ highly sensitive noses and jaws. The pitiful truth is (27) ______ they are not put to sleep for this painful process. Chains (28) ______(attach) to the rings so the trainers can control the animals, (29) ______ weigh up to 350 kilograms, with only a slight pull on the chains.The bears’ nails are cut several times a year and their teeth broken or removed in order that they cannot get their trainers (30) ______ (injure). The bears also suffer with an inadequate diet usually (31) ______ (consist) of white bread, sugar and cheap fruit juices. All these cause the bears serious physical health problems (32) ______ ______ many of them display strange behavior such as swaying (摇摆) and pacing as they cannot follow natural behavioral patterns and instincts.(B)The Power of GoodIt was Mother’s Day morning last year and I was shopping at our local supermarket with my five-year-old son, Tenyson. As we were leaving, we realised that only minutes (33) ______ (early) an elderly woman had fallen and hurt (34) ______ badly. She was embarrassed and clearly in shock. Fortunately, her husband was with her and many people had stopped to help out. Walking towards the scene, Tenyson became very upset about (35) ______ had happened to the elder ly couple. He said to me, ―(36) ______ (fall) over in front of everyone isn’t much fun.‖Near the entrance of the supermarket, a charity group had set up a stall selling flowers. Tenyson suggested that we should buy the lady a flower. ―It will make her feel better,‖ he said. I w as amazed that he would have this sweet idea, so I asked the flower seller if I (37) _____ buy a flower for the elderly lady because my son wanted to give it to her to cheer her up. ―Just take it,‖ she replied. ―I can’t take your money for such wonderful gesture.‖By then a nurse (38) ______ (arrive), and was attending to thewoman. As we walked up to her, Tenyson became frightened by all the blood and medical equipment. Instead I gave (39) ______ flowerto the woman’s husband. The o ld man thanked us both, then bent down and gave it to his wife, telling her who it was (40) ______. Despite being badly hurt and shaken, the old lady looked up at Tenyson with love in her eyes and gave him a little smile.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Ecotours are unique adventures that join nature and sightseeing into one exciting package. Learning about the environment and the world around us is the 41 of an ecotour because you get to experience the natural world firsthand. A great way for students studying biology and environmental sciences to experience 42 life and nature is to take your own ecotour! Orlando airboat rides can give you an experience to remember and can be a fun and 43 way to learn more about the Florida environment.Ecotours involve travelling to a natural environment where you are guided by a(n) 44 helping you learn about the surrounding environment and extend your environmental education. This can include learning how the plants and animals on your Orlando airboat rides 45 from each other, or you can be simply becoming more aware of preservation efforts towards the Everglades, the largest wetland in North America.Orlando airboat rides can help you learn about Florida history, observe alligators (短吻鳄) and other wildlife, andexperience the 46 nature of the muddy wilderness. Taking an ecotour can help you become more aware of your environment and further instruct you on the impact we have on the environment. Our goal is to help you understand the Everglades and how important it is to 47 the wetland.Wild Florida provides the perfect opportunity for a school trip that satisfies those 48 with learning more about environmental sciences, or to those just curious about the Everglades. Hands-on and active learning on an airboat ride is often a more exciting and adventurous 49 to sitting in a classroom, so why not plan your ecotrip with Wild Florida?Wild Florida is reputable for 50 in creating an exciting and unique ecotour that’s fun for everyone in your family! You will be flying through the muddy Everglades in our airboat rides while observing and learning about alligators, bald birds, the history of the Everglades, and so much more. Book your Orlando airboat rides today by calling us at 407-901-2563 to experience a one-of-a-kind ecotour that you won’t soon forget.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Over the last 15 years, digital communication has brought in more changes than the printing press did in 1570. And those most likely to use them in this world are teenagers, whose brains appear to have an extraordinary volume to adapt to the world around them, according to Dr Jay Giedd, a(n) 51 brain expert.We are now discovering that, as a species, our brains during the teenage years are still flexible and capable of 52 . Having amore flexible brain, 53 , means that certain parts of it, such as desire control and the ability to make long-term decisions, haven’t developed yet, which may also explain why we spend a(n) 54 period living under the protection of our parents rather than leaving home at the age of 12 or 13. This also means that the teenage brain can adapt to new technology, enabling teenagers to 55 the increasing pace of digital technology and giving them an advantage when it comes to multitasking.In the USA, on average teenagers spend 8.5 hours a day using computers, mobiles, and other devices to learn, interact, and play. This increases to 11.5 hours if you include all of the 56 that goes on, such as talking on the phone while watching TV. As they stare at these screens, they’re taking in and sorting through an incredible amount of information.There are 57 about how social media is affecting the way the brain learns to 58 , as one of the most important skills that we learn as children is how to make friends and interact with people around us. Geidd says that a lot of what goes on inside our brains is social. Social interactions are now being 59 by technology –you could have hundreds of friends, all of whom are real people that you interact with and scientists aren’t sure whether we’ll be able to develop the same 60 using social media.There is a(n) 61 of the growing digital trend: YouTube shows the teenagers all over the world are watching the same videos and laughing at the same jokes, indicating that they are more 62 than teenagers in the past. They may be keen on 63 their friends and posting updates on social media sites, but teenagers today are probably going to have access to technology and 64 social and educational opportunities that anyone with a less flexible brain may have trouble imagining. Nevertheless, there is a cut-off point, and by the age of 30, our brains in their ways, making it more65 for us to adapt and cope with new technologies.51. A. digital B. adolescent C. surgical D. artificial52. A. functioning B. noticing C. adjusting D. deciding53. A. however B. therefore C. otherwise D. instead54. A. natural B. glorious C. limited D. extended55. A. keep up with B. come up with C. put up with D. end up with56. A. gossiping B. multitasking C. interacting D. playing57. A. reports B. curiosities C. concerns D. talks58. A. memorize B. sort C. imagine D. socialize59. A. changed B. controlled C. troubled D. interrupted60. A. trends B. attitudes C. societies D. skills61. A. advantage B. distraction C. indication D. history62. A. absent-minded B. global-minded C. quick-minded D. serious-minded63. A. accessing B. texting C. discovering D. watching64. A. on the whole B. as a result C. in other words D. by all means65. A. flexible B. important C. difficult D. incredibleSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Sebastian Faulks has written many novels, including Devil May Care, the latest James Bond book. This cutting comes froma very different kind of novel called Charlotte Gray. The setting is a transit(中转)camp near Paris during the Second World War, where a group of people, including two small children, Andre and Jacob, await transport to take them to a concentration camp outside France. Although these people –the ‘deportees’ of the cutting – are not fully aware of this, they face certain death.The Last NightAndre was lying on the floor when a man came with postcards on which the deportees might write a final message. He advised them to leave them at the station or throw them from the train as camp orders forbade access to the post. Two or three pencils that had survived the camps search were passed round among the people in the room. Some wrote with weeping passion, some with great care, as though their safety, or at least the way in which they were remembered, depended upon their choice of words.A woman came with a sandwich for each child to take on the journey. She also had a bucket of water, round which they gathered, holding out food cans they passed from one to another. One of the older boys hugged her in his gratitude, but the bucket was soon empty. When she was gone, there were only the small hours of the night to go through. Andre was lying on the straw, and Jacob leaned close to him for warmth.Five buses had come in through the main entrance, and now stood trembling in the corner of the yard. At a long table … the commandant of the camp himself sat with a list of names that another policeman was calling out in alphabetical order. Andre heard his name and moved with Jacob towards the bus. From the other side of the courtyard, from windows open on the dawn, a shower of food was thrown towards them by women crying andcalling out their names.Andre looked up, and in a chance angle of light he saw a woman’s face i n which the eyes were fixed with terrible fierceness on a child beside him. Why did she stare as though she hated him? Then it came to Andre that she was not looking in hatred, but had kept her eyes so intensely open in order to fix the picture of her child in her mind. She was looking to remember, for ever. …66. What can we learn from the first part of the passage?A. The background and the situation of World War II.B. The transit camp and the transportation in Paris.C. The author, the setting and the main characters.D. The main idea and the names on the list.67. Which of the following is true about the things going on in the transit camp?A. The deportees were eager to leave their final messages.B. A humble breakfast was served to children late that morning.C. Andre happened to witness the deportees’ routine camp life.D. The camp commandant stood by a long table calling the roll.68. The woman stared at her child fiercely probably because ______.A. she found her child was trembling and crying for foodB. she thought she would never see her child any moreC. she was filled with an attempt to escape from deathD. she was driven mad by the life in the transit camp69. The author told the story in a(n) ______ tone.A. casualB. desperateC. hatredD. innocent(B)What we doEFP Courses provide courses in English language and British culture. Our courses are aimed at students aged between 12 and 17who are at pre-intermediate level or above in English. The courses areheld in Guildford, a historic town near London.Typical structure of a one-week courseup to 25 hours of English run by native speakers, qualified in teaching English as a foreign language and specialist drama teachers2 full-day sightseeing trips to London and Oxford (at weekends)full board (全食宿) with local, English-speaking familiesWhen we run the coursesEFP courses can be organized only during British state school terms. For this academic year, courses can be booked between now and 23 May and between 30 May and 30 June. We welcome you to book from 3 September 2016 to 25 October 2016 and from 31 October to 20 December 2016.Why choose EFP coursesin addition to our standard English classes, we also run drama and expression English classes, taught by specialist drama teacherswe expose our students to British culture for the entire lengthof the coursewe tailor courses to each group’s needs, creating a unique experience for our students. Note that any changes to our courses are made within reason and only if all participants from a group share the same language level. Please see further details on our website.Length of a courseEFP courses run for either one or two weeks depending on the specific requirements for your group.How to applyPlease register your interest by sending an email to info@/doc/8712903926.html. By contacting us before you make any travel arrangements you ensure that we can put your group up on the dates that you require. For more details, please visit /doc/8712903926.html.See you in Guildford soon!70. What does the leaflet tell us about EFP courses?A.Their target students are teenagers of all English levels.B. They are available on the school campuses in London and Oxford.C. Every individual participant is supplied with tailored language support.D. They involve students in British culture activities during the whole course.71. Suppose you are to take EFP courses this academic year, you can ______.A. hand in an application by visiting their websiteB. enjoy a special series of lessons for a whole school termC. experience English dramas with English-speaking familiesD. make a reservation from October 31 to December 2072. The purpose of this writing is to ______.A. attract qualified teachers to EFP coursesB. demonstrate the popularity of EFP coursesC. offer group students access to EFP coursesD. illustrate the importance of EFP courses(C)Lindsay Renwick, the mayor of Deniliquin, a country town in New South Wales, misses the constant whir (嗡嗡声) of the rice mill whose giant fans dried the rice. The Deniliquin mill, the largest rice mill in the Southern Hemisphere (南半球), once processed enough grain to meet the needs of 20 million people globally. But six years of drought have had a destructiv e effect, reducing Austral ia’s rice crop by 98 percent and leading to the mothballing of the mill last December.Drought affects every agriculture industry based in Australia, not just rice –from sheep farming, the country’s other backbone, to the cultiv ation of grapes for wine, the fastest-growing crop there, with that expansion often coming at the expense of rice. The drought’s effect on rice has produced the greatest impact on the rest of the world, so far. It is one factor contributing to skyrocketing prices, and many scientists believe it is among the earliest signs that a warming planet is starting to affect food production.Researchers are looking for solutions to global rice shortages –for example, rice that blooms earlier in the day, when it is cooler, to fight against global warming. Rice plants that happen to bloom on hot days are less likely to produce grains of rice, a difficulty that is already starting to emerge in inland areas ofChina and other Asian countries as temperatures begin to cli mb. ―There will be problems very soon unless we have new varieties of rice in place,‖ said Reiner Wassmann, climate change director at the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI). The recent reports on climate change carried a warning that could make the news even worse: that existing models for the effects of climate change on agriculture did not yet include newer findings that global warming could reduce rainfall and make it more variable.Yet the effects of climate change are not uniformly bad for rice. Rising concentrations (浓度) of carbon dioxide, the main greenhouse gas, can actually help rice –although the effect reduces or disappears if the plants face unnecessary heat, inadequate water, severe pollution or other stresses. Still, the flexibility of farmers here has persuaded some climate experts that, particularly in developed countries, the effects of climate change may be relieved, if not completely avoided. ―I’m not as negative as most people,‖ said Will Steffen, director of the Fenner School of Environment and Society at Australian National University. ―Farmers are learning how to do things differently.‖Meanwhile, changes like the use of water to grow wine grapes instead of rice carry their own costs, as the developing world is discovering. ―Rice is an essential food,‖ s aid Graeme Haley, the general manager of the town of Deniliquin. ―W ine is not.‖73. By ―the mothballing of the mill‖ (in Paragraph 1) the author mos t probably means the mill is______.A. kept unprocessedB. left unusedC. being entirely restoredD. being pushed round74. To find the ways to cope with the global rice shortage, researchers are ______.A. seeking new types of rice which could bloom at a lower temperatureB. building greenhouses which could provide more heat for rice to growC. studying climate changes in China which may affect rice growing in AsiaD. looking for alternative agriculture industries which may take the place of rice75. Which of the following can be learned from the passage?A. Rice plants are fond of higher temperature in the process of growing.B. Global warming has shown few signs of influence on agriculture.C. Rice prices are rising steadily owing to the crop failure in Australia.D. Global warming may contribute to more complicated weather conditions.76. It can be inferred from the passage that ______.A. Australia is the largest rice producing country around the worldB. most people look on the bright side of the flexibility of farmersC. climate c hanges have simply brought negative effects to people’s livesD. wine grape cultivation has threatened the rice production in Australia77. Which of the following best serves as the title of the passage?A. Rice shortage and wine boomB. Drought, the enemy of rice productionC. Rice crisis and its solutionD. Rice issue, a focus of the public attentionSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.What colour is it today? What shape is that smell? What does that pain sound like? These questions might seem like nonsense, but four people in 100 might think they make perfect sense. That four percent have synesthesia, and they naturally experience certain senses together. One form of this is pairing numbers or letters with a fixed colour –a blue ―1‖ or a red ―D.‖ Other synesthetes, people with synest hesia, may think the word ―hurricane‖ tastes salty. Yet others with ―mirror-touch synesthesia‖ see someone hit on the head and also feel the hit themselves.Synesthesia is not completely understood though it is in our genes. The white matter (脑白质) of synesthetes is organized differently from that of people without synesthesia, which may account for the differences in perception (感知). Synesthesia is widely accepted and researched today, but that hasn’t always been true. Though it caught scientific interest in the late 1800s, it was later rejected as a self-created way of thinking. But as people have become more fascinated by the differences in individual perception, a focus on synesthesia has been renewed. At the present time, scientists in various fields are examining thephenomenon.As scientists continue to study synesthesia, certain advantages have been noticed. Studies show that the sensation connections that synesthetes experience aid them in abilities related to memory. Researchers believe that this advantage may help stop the loss of cognitive(认知) function in the elderly. This aspect of synesthesia could even help patients recover from brain injuries. Synesthetes also tend to be artists, singers Pharrell Williams and Lady Gaga being some famous examples. Most likely, synesthesia doesn’t give artistic sensitivity, but it’s understandable that seeing colours in music, for instance, could inspire art.Strong drugs and increasing blindness have been known to cause synesthesia, but these are not good options for obvious reasons. One recent emphasis of the study of synesthesia is to determine whether non-synesthetes can acquire it. For now, the University of East London is training adults to establish letter-colour connections for memory improvement to some effect. It may not be long before words taste like our favourite foods and our favourite songs look like fireworks.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS.)78. According to the passage synesthetes are those __________________.79. Why do synesthetes have sensation connections while the others don’t?80. What groups of people might profit from synesthesia according to the third paragraph?81. Scientists are training adults to establish letter-colour connections to prove the possibility that__________________.第II卷(共47分)I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 自上周起,孩子们就兴奋地聊着出游的打算了。
资料概述与简介 2016年高三语文教学质量检测试卷(二模) (满分150分,考试时间150分钟) 考生注意: 1.本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分,试卷包括试题与答题要求,所有答题必须涂(选择题)或写(非选择题)在答题纸上,做在试卷上一律不得分。
2.答题纸与试卷在试题编号上是一一对应的,答题时应特别注意,不能错位。
3.考试时间150分钟。
试卷满分150分。
一阅读80分 (一)阅读下文,完成1—6题。
(17分) 中医不必“死乞白赖”地宣称“我也是科学” 江晓原 ①虽然传统医学几千年来一直卓有成效地呵护着中华民族的健康,但是从鸦片战争之后,西医挟欧风美雨之狂暴,君临华夏大地,将中医打得节节败退。
国民党统治时期,“取消中医论”一度甚嚣尘上。
新中国建立以来,中国政府一直对中医采取保护和扶持态度,这一态度迄今为止并无改变。
但是,这并不能阻止从理论上对中医的攻击,“取消中医论”居然重新出现,而某著名院士“中医是伪科学”的论断,更让广大中医界人士痛心疾首。
②中医面对这一攻击,能够做出的辩护,往往只是非常软弱无力地辩称“我也是科学”。
③其实,我们可以指出:如果中医不是科学,那西医也不是;如果西医是科学,那中医就也是。
④在西方现在的学科分类体系中,经常是科学、数学、医学三者并列,医学并不属于“科学”的范畴。
因为在这种分类中,“科学”是指天文学、物理学等等“精密科学”,而人类对人体奥秘所知仍非常之少,故医学远远没有达到“精密科学”的地步。
事实上,至迟到17世纪,西医仍然停留在与星占学、炼金术紧紧纠缠在一起的巫术阶段,那时西医中“□□□□”的信念与《黄帝内经》相比如出一辙。
⑤但是在中国,似乎人人——包括中医界的人士——都承认西医是科学,这是由于当初西医就是在强大的唯科学主义语境下输入中国的,所以这个在西方至今也没有被视为科学的西医,到了中国却天经地义地成了科学。
⑥那么,如果使用宽泛一点的“科学”定义呢?在那样的定义中,就可以将西医包括进去。
2016年上海市长宁区、青浦区、宝山区、嘉定区高考数学二模试卷(文科)一、填空题(共14小题,每小题5分,满分70分)1.(5分)设集合A={x||x|<2,x∈R},B={x|x2﹣4x+3≥0,x∈R},则A∩B=.2.(5分)已知i为虚数单位,复数z满足=i,则|z|=.3.(5分)设a>0且a≠1,若函数f(x)=a x﹣1+2的反函数的图象经过定点P,则点P的坐标是.4.(5分)计算:=.5.(5分)在平面直角坐标系内,直线l:2x+y﹣2=0,将l与两坐标轴围成的封闭图形绕y轴旋转一周,所得几何体的体积为.6.(5分)已知sin2θ+sinθ=0,θ∈(,π),则tan2θ=.7.(5分)定义在R上的偶函数y=f(x),当x≥0时,f(x)=2x﹣4,则不等式f (x)≤0的解集是.8.(5分)在平面直角坐标系xOy中,有一定点A(1,1),若OA的垂直平分线过抛物线C:y2=2px(p>0)的焦点,则抛物线C的方程为.9.(5分)已知x、y满足约束条件,则z=2x+y的最小值为.10.(5分)在(x2+)6(k为实常数)的展开式中,x3项的系数等于160,则k=.11.(5分)从棱长为1的正方体的8个顶点中任取3个点,则以这三点为顶点的三角形的面积等于的概率是.12.(5分)已知数列{a n}满足a1+a2+…+a n=n2+3n(n∈N+),则=.13.(5分)甲、乙两人同时参加一次数学测试,共有10道选择题,每题均有4个选项,答对得3分,答错或不答得0分,甲和乙都解答了所有的试题,经比较,他们只有1道题的选项不同,如果甲最终的得分为27分,那么乙的所有可能的得分值组成的集合为.14.(5分)对于函数f(x)=,其中b>0,若f(x)的定义域与值域相同,则非零实数a的值为.二、选择题(共4小题,每小题5分,满分20分)15.(5分)“sinα=0”是“cosα=1”的()A.充分不必要条件B.必要不充分条件C.充分必要条件D.既不充分也不必要条件16.(5分)下列命题正确的是()A.若直线l1∥平面α,直线l2∥平面α,则l1∥l2B.若直线l上有两个点到平面α的距离相等,则l∥αC.直线l与平面α所成角的取值范围是(0,)D.若直线l1⊥平面α,直线l2⊥平面α,则l1∥l217.(5分)已知、是平面内两个互相垂直的单位向量,若向量满足(﹣)•(﹣)=0,则||的最大值是()A.1B.2C.D.18.(5分)已知直线l:y=2x+b与函数y=的图象交于A,B两点,记△OAB的面积为S(O为坐标原点),则函数S=f(b)是()A.奇函数且在(0,+∞)上单调递增B.偶函数且在(0,+∞)上单调递增C.奇函数且在(0,+∞)上单调递减D.偶函数且在(0,+∞)上单调递减三、解答题(共5小题,满分60分)19.(12分)如图,在直三棱柱ABC﹣A1B1C1中,△ABC是等腰直角三角形,AC=BC=AA1=2,D为侧棱AA1的中点;(1)求证:AC⊥平面BCC1B1;(2)求异面直线B1D与AC所成角的大小.20.(12分)已知函数f(x)=sin2x+cos2x﹣1(x∈R);(1)写出函数f(x)的最小正周期和单调递增区间;(2)在△ABC中,角A、B、C所对的边分别是a、b、c,若f(B)=0,=,且a+c=4,试求b的值.21.(12分)定义在D上的函数f(x),若满足:对任意x∈D,存在常数M>0,都有|f(x)|≤M成立,则称f(x)是D上的有界函数,其中M称为函数f (x)的上界:(1)设f(x)=,判断f(x)在[﹣,]上是否有界函数,若是,请说明理由,并写出f(x)的所有上界的值的集合,若不是,也请说明理由;(2)若函数g(x)=1+a•()x+()x在[0,+∞)上是以3为上界的有界函数,求实数a的取值范围.22.(12分)设椭圆Γ:(a>b>0)的右焦点为F(1,0),短轴的一个端点B到F的距离等于焦距:(1)求椭圆Γ的标准方程;(2)设C、D是四条直线x=±a,y=±b所围成的矩形在第一、第二象限的两个顶点,P是椭圆Γ上任意一点,若,求证:m2+n2为定值;(3)过点F的直线l与椭圆Γ交于不同的两点M、N,且满足于△BFM与△BFN 的面积的比值为2,求直线l的方程.23.(12分)已知数列{a n}、{b n}满足:a,a n+b n=1,b;(1)求b1、b2、b3、b4;(2)求证:数列{}是等差数列,并求{b n}的通项公式;(3)设S n=a1a2+a2a3+…+a n a n+1,若不等式4aS n<b n对任意n∈N*恒成立,求实数a的取值范围.2016年上海市长宁区、青浦区、宝山区、嘉定区高考数学二模试卷(文科)参考答案与试题解析一、填空题(共14小题,每小题5分,满分70分)1.(5分)设集合A={x||x|<2,x∈R},B={x|x2﹣4x+3≥0,x∈R},则A∩B=(﹣2,1] .【考点】1E:交集及其运算.【专题】35:转化思想;4O:定义法;5J:集合.【分析】求出集合的等价条件,根据集合的基本运算进行求解即可.【解答】解:A={x||x|<2,x∈R}={x|﹣2<x<2},B={x|x2﹣4x+3≥0,x∈R}={x|x≥3或x≤1},则A∩B={x|﹣2<x≤1},故答案为:(﹣2,1].【点评】本题主要考查集合的基本运算,求出集合的等价条件,根据集合的基本运算实是解决本题的关键.2.(5分)已知i为虚数单位,复数z满足=i,则|z|=1.【考点】A5:复数的运算.【专题】35:转化思想;49:综合法;5N:数系的扩充和复数.【分析】设出z=a+bi,得到1﹣a﹣bi=﹣b+(a+1)i,根据系数相等得到关于a,b的方程组,解出a,b的值,求出z,从而求出z的模.【解答】解:设z=a+bi,则==i,∴1﹣a﹣bi=﹣b+(a+1)i,∴,解得,故z=﹣i,|z|=1,故答案为:1.【点评】本题考查了复数求模问题,考查解方程组问题以及对应思想,是一道基础题.3.(5分)设a>0且a≠1,若函数f(x)=a x﹣1+2的反函数的图象经过定点P,则点P的坐标是(3,1).【考点】4R:反函数.【专题】31:数形结合;35:转化思想;4A:数学模型法;51:函数的性质及应用.【分析】由于函数f(x)=a x﹣1+2经过定点(1,3),再利用反函数的性质即可得出.【解答】解:∵函数f(x)=a x﹣1+2经过定点(1,3),∴函数f(x)的反函数的图象经过定点P(3,1),故答案为:(3,1).【点评】本题考查了反函数的性质,考查了数形结合方法、推理能力与计算能力,属于中档题.4.(5分)计算:=.【考点】6F:极限及其运算.【专题】35:转化思想;3A:极限思想;49:综合法;51:函数的性质及应用.【分析】先利用排列组合公式,将原式化简成的形式,再求极限.【解答】解:===.故答案为:.【点评】本题考查通过化简求极限值,属于基础题.5.(5分)在平面直角坐标系内,直线l:2x+y﹣2=0,将l与两坐标轴围成的封闭图形绕y轴旋转一周,所得几何体的体积为.【考点】6M:用定积分求简单几何体的体积.【专题】31:数形结合;35:转化思想;49:综合法;51:函数的性质及应用.【分析】由题意此几何体的体积可以看作是:V=,求出积分即得所求体积,方法二由题意可得绕y轴旋转,形成的是以1为半径,2为高的圆锥,根据圆锥的体积公式,即可求得所得几何体的体积.【解答】解:由题意可知:V=,∴V=π(y3﹣),=.方法二:由题意可知绕y轴旋转,形成的是以1为半径,2为高的圆锥,则V=•π×12×2=,故答案为.【点评】本题考查用定积分求简单几何体的体积,求解的关键是找出被积函数来及积分区间,属于基础题.6.(5分)已知sin2θ+sinθ=0,θ∈(,π),则tan2θ=.【考点】GG:同角三角函数间的基本关系.【专题】11:计算题;35:转化思想;4R:转化法;56:三角函数的求值.【分析】由已知等式化简可得sinθ(2cosθ+1)=0,结合范围θ∈(,π),解得cosθ=﹣,利用同角三角函数基本关系式可求tanθ,利用二倍角的正切函数公式可求tan2θ的值.【解答】解:∵sin2θ+sinθ=0,⇒2sinθcosθ+sinθ=0,⇒sinθ(2cosθ+1)=0,∵θ∈(,π),sinθ≠0,∴2cosθ+1=0,解得:cosθ=﹣,∴tanθ=﹣=﹣,∴tan2θ==.故答案为:.【点评】本题主要考查了同角三角函数基本关系式,二倍角的正切函数公式在三角函数化简求值中的应用,考查了计算能力和转化思想,属于基础题.7.(5分)定义在R上的偶函数y=f(x),当x≥0时,f(x)=2x﹣4,则不等式f (x)≤0的解集是[﹣2,2] .【考点】3K:函数奇偶性的性质与判断.【专题】33:函数思想;4R:转化法;51:函数的性质及应用.【分析】根据条件判断函数的单调性和函数的零点,利用函数奇偶性和单调性的关系将不等式进行转化求解即可.【解答】解:当x≥0时,由f(x)=2x﹣4=0得x=2,且当x≥0时,函数f(x)为增函数,∵f(x)是偶函数,∴不等式f(x)≤0等价为f(|x|)≤f(2),即|x|≤2,即﹣2≤x≤2,即不等式的解集为[﹣2,2],故答案为:[﹣2,2].【点评】本题主要考查不等式的求解,根据函数奇偶性和单调性的关系将不等式进行转化是解决本题的关键.8.(5分)在平面直角坐标系xOy中,有一定点A(1,1),若OA的垂直平分线过抛物线C:y2=2px(p>0)的焦点,则抛物线C的方程为y2=4x.【考点】K8:抛物线的性质.【专题】33:函数思想;49:综合法;5D:圆锥曲线的定义、性质与方程.【分析】先求出线段OA的垂直平分线方程,然后表示出抛物线的焦点坐标并代入到所求方程中,进而可求得p的值,即可得到抛物线方程.【解答】解:∵点A(1,1),依题意我们容易求得直线的方程为x+y﹣1=0,把焦点坐标(,0)代入可求得焦参数p=2,从而得到抛物线C的方程为:y2=4x.故答案为:y2=4x.【点评】本题主要考查抛物线的基本性质.基本性质的熟练掌握是解答正确的关键.9.(5分)已知x、y满足约束条件,则z=2x+y的最小值为﹣6.【考点】7C:简单线性规划.【专题】11:计算题;38:对应思想;44:数形结合法;5T:不等式.【分析】由约束条件作出可行域,化目标函数为直线方程的斜截式,数形结合得到最优解,联立方程组求得最优解的坐标,代入目标函数得答案.【解答】解:由约束条件作出可行域如图,联立,解得A(﹣2,﹣2),化目标函数z=2x+y为y=﹣2x+z,由图可知,当直线y=﹣2x+z过A(﹣2,﹣2)时,直线在y轴上的截距最小,z 有最小值为2×(﹣2)﹣2=﹣6.故答案为:﹣6.【点评】本题考查简单的线性规划,考查了数形结合的解题思想方法,是中档题.10.(5分)在(x2+)6(k为实常数)的展开式中,x3项的系数等于160,则k=2.【考点】DA:二项式定理.【专题】34:方程思想;35:转化思想;5P:二项式定理.=k r x12﹣3r,令12﹣3r=3,解得r.即可得出.【分析】T r+1=(x2)6﹣r=k r x12﹣3r,【解答】解:T r+1令12﹣3r=3,解得r=3.∴T4=x3,∴20k3=160,解得k=2.故答案为:2.【点评】本题考查了二项式定理的应用,考查了推理能力与计算能力,属于基础题.11.(5分)从棱长为1的正方体的8个顶点中任取3个点,则以这三点为顶点的三角形的面积等于的概率是.【考点】CC:列举法计算基本事件数及事件发生的概率.【专题】11:计算题;35:转化思想;49:综合法;5I:概率与统计.【分析】从正方体的8个顶点中任意取3个构成三角形的顶点共有取法,其中以这三点为顶点的三角形的面积S=的三角形共有24个,由此能求出结果.【解答】解:从正方体的8个顶点中任意取3个构成三角形的顶点共有取法,其中以这三点为顶点的三角形的面积S=的三角形如图中的△ABC,这类三角形共有24个∴P(S=)==.故答案为:.【点评】本题考查概率的求法,是基础题,解题时要认真审题,注意等可能事件概率计算公式的合理运用.12.(5分)已知数列{a n}满足a1+a2+…+a n=n2+3n(n∈N+),则=2n2+6n.【考点】8E:数列的求和.【专题】11:计算题;36:整体思想;49:综合法;54:等差数列与等比数列.【分析】通过a1+a2+…+a n=n2+3n与a1+a2+…+a n﹣1=(n﹣1)2+3(n﹣1)作差,进而计算可知a n=2(n+1),分别利用等差数列、等比数列的求和公式计算即得结论.【解答】解:∵a1+a2+…+a n=n2+3n,∴当n≥2时,a1+a2+…+a n﹣1=(n﹣1)2+3(n﹣1),两式相减得:a n=(n2+3n)﹣[(n﹣1)2+3(n﹣1)]=2(n+1),又∵a1=1+3=4满足上式,∴a n=2(n+1),=4+4n,∴=4n+4•=2n2+6n,故答案为:2n2+6n.【点评】本题考查数列的通项及前n项和,考查运算求解能力,注意解题方法的积累,属于中档题.13.(5分)甲、乙两人同时参加一次数学测试,共有10道选择题,每题均有4个选项,答对得3分,答错或不答得0分,甲和乙都解答了所有的试题,经比较,他们只有1道题的选项不同,如果甲最终的得分为27分,那么乙的所有可能的得分值组成的集合为{24,27,30} .【考点】15:集合的表示法;D3:计数原理的应用.【专题】32:分类讨论;37:集合思想;49:综合法;5J:集合.【分析】甲最终的得分为27分,可得:甲答对了10道题目中的9道,由于甲和乙都解答了所有的试题,甲必然有一道题目答错了,不妨设为第一题.由于他们只有1道题的选项不同,如果是第一道题,则乙可能答错,也可能答对,即可得出分数.如果是第一道题以外的一个题目,则乙一定答错,而第一道题,则乙也一定答错,即可得出.【解答】解:∵甲最终的得分为27分,∴甲答对了10道题目中的9道,∵甲和乙都解答了所有的试题,∴甲必然有一道题目答错了,不妨设为第一题.∵甲和乙都解答了所有的试题,经比较,他们只有1道题的选项不同,如果是第一道题,则乙可能答错,也可能答对,此时乙可得30分或27分.如果是第一道题以外的一个题目,则乙一定答错,而第一道题,则乙也一定答错,此时乙可得24分.综上可得:乙的所有可能的得分值组成的集合为{24,27,30}.故答案为:{24,27,30}.【点评】本题考查了集合的性质、分类讨论方法,考查了推理能力与计算能力,属于中档题.14.(5分)对于函数f(x)=,其中b>0,若f(x)的定义域与值域相同,则非零实数a的值为﹣4.【考点】33:函数的定义域及其求法;34:函数的值域.【专题】33:函数思想;49:综合法;51:函数的性质及应用.【分析】根据函数的定义域与值域相同,故可以求出参数表示的函数的定义域与值域,由两者相同,故比较二区间的端点得出参数满足的方程解方程求参数即可.【解答】解:若a>0,由于ax2+bx≥0,即x(ax+b)≥0,∴对于正数b,f(x)的定义域为:D=(﹣∞,﹣]∪[0,+∞),但f(x)的值域A⊆[0,+∞),故D≠A,不合要求.若a<0,对于正数b,f(x)的定义域为D=[0,﹣].由于此时[f(x)]max=f(﹣)=,故函数的值域A=[0,].由题意,有﹣=,由于b>0,所以a=﹣4.故答案为:﹣4.【点评】本题主要考查了函数的值域,以及函数的定义域和解方程,属于中档题.二、选择题(共4小题,每小题5分,满分20分)15.(5分)“sinα=0”是“cosα=1”的()A.充分不必要条件B.必要不充分条件C.充分必要条件D.既不充分也不必要条件【考点】29:充分条件、必要条件、充要条件.【专题】35:转化思想;56:三角函数的求值;5L:简易逻辑.【分析】由sinα=0可得α=kπ(k∈Z),即可判断出结论.【解答】解:sinα=0可得α=kπ(k∈Z),∴cosα=±1,反之成立,∴“sinα=0”是“cosα=1”的必要不充分条件.故选:B.【点评】本题考查了三角函数求值、简易逻辑的判定方法,考查了推理能力与计算能力,属于基础题.16.(5分)下列命题正确的是()A.若直线l1∥平面α,直线l2∥平面α,则l1∥l2B.若直线l上有两个点到平面α的距离相等,则l∥αC.直线l与平面α所成角的取值范围是(0,)D.若直线l1⊥平面α,直线l2⊥平面α,则l1∥l2【考点】LP:空间中直线与平面之间的位置关系.【专题】31:数形结合;48:分析法;5F:空间位置关系与距离.【分析】根据各选项条件举出反例.【解答】解:对于A,若直线l1∥平面α,直线l2∥平面α,则l1与l2可能平行,可能相交,也可能异面,故A错误.对于B,若直线l与平面α相交于O点,在交点两侧各取A,B两点使得OA=OB,则A,B到平面α的距离相等,但直线l与α不平行,故B错误.对于C,当直线l⊂α或l∥α时,直线l与平面α所成的角为0,当l⊥α时,直线l与平面α所成的角为,故C错误.对于D,由定理“垂直于同一个平面的两条直线平行“可知D正确.故选:D.【点评】本题考查了了空间线面位置关系的判断,举出反例是解题关键,属于中档题.17.(5分)已知、是平面内两个互相垂直的单位向量,若向量满足(﹣)•(﹣)=0,则||的最大值是()A.1B.2C.D.【考点】9O:平面向量数量积的性质及其运算.【专题】35:转化思想;41:向量法;5A:平面向量及应用.【分析】由向量垂直的条件可得•=0,运用向量的平方即为模的平方,可得|+|=,再化简运用向量的数量积的定义,结合余弦函数的值域,即可得到所求最大值.【解答】解:由题意可得•=0,可得|+|==,(﹣)•(﹣)=2+•﹣•(+)=||2﹣||•|+|cos<(+,>=0,即为||=cos<+,>,当cos<+,>=1即+,同向时,||的最大值是.故选:C.【点评】本题考查向量的模的最值的求法,注意运用向量数量积的定义和性质,考查余弦函数的值域的运用,属于中档题.18.(5分)已知直线l:y=2x+b与函数y=的图象交于A,B两点,记△OAB的面积为S(O为坐标原点),则函数S=f(b)是()A.奇函数且在(0,+∞)上单调递增B.偶函数且在(0,+∞)上单调递增C.奇函数且在(0,+∞)上单调递减D.偶函数且在(0,+∞)上单调递减【考点】3E:函数单调性的性质与判断;3K:函数奇偶性的性质与判断.【专题】51:函数的性质及应用.【分析】根据条件求出AB的长度以及O到AB的距离,从而求出三角形OAB的面积函数,根据函数的表达式即可得到结论.【解答】解:设A(x1,y1),B(x2,y2),由2x+b=,即2x2+bx﹣1=0,则,则|AB|=,圆心到直线2x﹣y+b=0的距离d=,∴△OAB的面积S==,∴S=f(b)=,则函数f(b)为偶函数,当b>0时,y=和都为增函数,∴当b>0时,f(b)=为增函数.故选:B.【点评】本题主要考查函数奇偶性和单调性的判断,利用直线和双曲线的位置关系求出三角形的面积是解决本题的关键.三、解答题(共5小题,满分60分)19.(12分)如图,在直三棱柱ABC﹣A1B1C1中,△ABC是等腰直角三角形,AC=BC=AA1=2,D为侧棱AA1的中点;(1)求证:AC⊥平面BCC1B1;(2)求异面直线B1D与AC所成角的大小.【考点】LM:异面直线及其所成的角;LW:直线与平面垂直.【专题】11:计算题;35:转化思想;41:向量法;5F:空间位置关系与距离.【分析】(1)由已知推导出AC⊥BC,CC1⊥AC,由此能证明AC⊥平面BCC1B1.(2)以C为原点,直线CA、CB、CC1为x、y、z轴,建立空间直角坐标系,利用向量法能求出异面直线B1D与AC所成角的大小.【解答】证明:(1)∵底面△ABC是等腰直角三角形,且AC=BC,∴AC⊥BC,∵CC1⊥平面A1B1C1,∴CC1⊥AC,∵CC1∩BC=C,∴AC⊥平面BCC1B1.解:(2)以C为原点,直线CA、CB、CC1为x、y、z轴,建立空间直角坐标系,则C(0,0,0),A(2,0,0),B(0,2,0),C1(0,0,2),B1(0,2,2),D(2,0,1),=(2,﹣2,﹣1),=(﹣2,0,0),设异面直线B1D与AC所成角为θ,则cosθ===.∴.∴异面直线B1D与AC所成角的大小为arccos.【点评】本题考查线面垂直的证明,考查异面直线所成角的求法,是中档题,解题时要认真审题,注意向量法的合理运用.20.(12分)已知函数f(x)=sin2x+cos2x﹣1(x∈R);(1)写出函数f(x)的最小正周期和单调递增区间;(2)在△ABC中,角A、B、C所对的边分别是a、b、c,若f(B)=0,=,且a+c=4,试求b的值.【考点】GL:三角函数中的恒等变换应用;H2:正弦函数的图象.【专题】11:计算题;33:函数思想;49:综合法;56:三角函数的求值;58:解三角形.【分析】(1)利用两角和的正弦化简,由周期公式求得周期,再由相位在正弦函数的增区间内求得x的范围求得f(x)单调递增区间;(2)把f(B)=0代入函数解析式,求得B,展开数量积=,求得ac的值,结合a+c=4,利用余弦定理求得b的值.【解答】解:(1)f(x)=sin2x+cos2x﹣1=.∴T=;由,得.∴函数f(x)的单调递增区间为[],k∈Z;(2)由f(B)==0,得.∴或,k∈Z.∵B是三角形内角,∴B=.而=ac•cosB=,∴ac=3.又a+c=4,∴a2+c2=(a+c)2﹣2ac=16﹣2×3=10.∴b2=a2+c2﹣2ac•cosB=7.则b=.【点评】本题考查三角函数中的恒等变换应用,考查了平面向量的数量积运算,训练了利用余弦定理求解三角形,是中档题.21.(12分)定义在D上的函数f(x),若满足:对任意x∈D,存在常数M>0,都有|f(x)|≤M成立,则称f(x)是D上的有界函数,其中M称为函数f (x)的上界:(1)设f(x)=,判断f(x)在[﹣,]上是否有界函数,若是,请说明理由,并写出f(x)的所有上界的值的集合,若不是,也请说明理由;(2)若函数g(x)=1+a•()x+()x在[0,+∞)上是以3为上界的有界函数,求实数a的取值范围.【考点】3H:函数的最值及其几何意义.【专题】11:计算题;32:分类讨论;35:转化思想;36:整体思想;51:函数的性质及应用.【分析】(1)化简可得f(x)在[﹣,]上是增函数;从而可得|f(x)|≤1,从而求得;(2)由题意知﹣3≤1+a•()x+()x≤3在[0,+∞)上恒成立,从而可得﹣(4•2x+2﹣x)≤a≤2•2x﹣2﹣x在[0,+∞)上恒成立,从而求得.【解答】解:(1)f(x)==1﹣,则f(x)在[﹣,]上是增函数;故f(﹣)≤f(x)≤f();即﹣1≤f(x)≤,故|f(x)|≤1,故f(x)是有界函数;故f(x)的所有上界的值的集合是[1,+∞);(2)∵g(x)=1+a•()x+()x在[0,+∞)上是以3为上界的有界函数,∴﹣3≤1+a•()x+()x≤3在[0,+∞)上恒成立,∴﹣(4•2x+2﹣x)≤a≤2•2x﹣2﹣x在[0,+∞)上恒成立,而﹣(4•2x+2﹣x)在[0,+∞)上的最大值为﹣5;2•2x﹣2﹣x在[0,+∞)上的最小值为1;故﹣5≤a≤1;故实数a的取值范围为[﹣5,1].【点评】本题考查了函数的单调性的判断与应用,同时考查了学生的学习能力及转化思想的应用,属于中档题.22.(12分)设椭圆Γ:(a>b>0)的右焦点为F(1,0),短轴的一个端点B到F的距离等于焦距:(1)求椭圆Γ的标准方程;(2)设C、D是四条直线x=±a,y=±b所围成的矩形在第一、第二象限的两个顶点,P是椭圆Γ上任意一点,若,求证:m2+n2为定值;(3)过点F的直线l与椭圆Γ交于不同的两点M、N,且满足于△BFM与△BFN 的面积的比值为2,求直线l的方程.【考点】K4:椭圆的性质.【专题】14:证明题;35:转化思想;49:综合法;5D:圆锥曲线的定义、性质与方程.【分析】(1)由椭圆的右焦点为F(1,0),短轴的一个端点B到F的距离等于焦距,列出方程组,求出a,b,由此能求出椭圆Γ的标准方程.(2)求出C(2,),D(﹣2,),设P(x0,y0),则,由已知=,得=1,由此能证明m2+n2=为定值.(3)=2等价于=2,设l:y=k(x﹣1),由,得(3+4k2)y2+6ky﹣9k2=0,由此利用韦达定理、椭圆性质,结合已知条件能求出直线l 的方程.【解答】解:(1)∵椭圆Γ:(a>b>0)的右焦点为F(1,0),短轴的一个端点B到F的距离等于焦距,∴,解得a=2,b=,∴椭圆Γ的标准方程为.证明:(2)∵C、D是四条直线x=±a,y=±b所围成的矩形在第一、第二象限的两个顶点,∴C(2,),D(﹣2,),设P(x0,y0),则,由已知=,得,∴=1,∴m2+n2=为定值.解:(3)=2等价于=2,当直线l的斜率不存在时,=1,不合题意,故直线l的斜率存在,设l:y=k(x﹣1),由,消去x,得(3+4k2)y2+6ky﹣9k2=0,设M(x1,y1),N(x2,y2),则,,由=2,得=﹣2,则,,∴3+4k2=8,k=,∴直线l的方程为y=.【点评】本题考查椭圆方程的求法,考查代数和为定值的证明,考查直线方程的求法,是中档题,解题时要认真审题,注意椭圆性质、向量知识、直线方程、韦达定理的合理运用.23.(12分)已知数列{a n}、{b n}满足:a,a n+b n=1,b;(1)求b1、b2、b3、b4;(2)求证:数列{}是等差数列,并求{b n}的通项公式;(3)设S n=a1a2+a2a3+…+a n a n+1,若不等式4aS n<b n对任意n∈N*恒成立,求实数a的取值范围.【考点】84:等差数列的通项公式;8E:数列的求和;8H:数列递推式.【专题】11:计算题;35:转化思想;49:综合法;54:等差数列与等比数列.【分析】(1)通过已知条件代入计算即得结论;(2)通过两边同时减1并取倒数,利用a n+b n=1化简可知数列{}是等差数列,进而计算可得结论;(3)通过(2)可知b n=,进而裂项可知a n a n+1=﹣,并项相加可知S n=,进而问题转化为求的最小值,计算即得结论.【解答】(1)解:依题意,b1=1﹣a1=1﹣=,b2===,a2=1﹣b2=1﹣=,==,a3=1﹣b3=1﹣=,==;(2)证明:∵,a n+b n=1,∴b n﹣1=﹣1=﹣1=,+1两边同时取倒数,得:==﹣1=﹣1=﹣1=﹣1,∴数列{}是等差数列,又∵==﹣4,∴=﹣4﹣(n﹣1)=﹣(n+3),∴数列{b n}的通项公式b n=1﹣=;(3)解:由(2)可知b n=,∴a n=1﹣b n=,a n a n+1==﹣,∴S n=a1a2+a2a3+…+a n a n+1=﹣+﹣+…+﹣=﹣=,∵不等式4aS n<b n对任意n∈N*恒成立,∴不等式4a•<对任意n∈N*恒成立,∴a<=1+,∵随着n的增大而减小,且=0,∴a≤1.【点评】本题考查数列的通项及前n项和,考查运算求解能力,考查裂项相消法,对表达式的灵活变形是解决本题的关键,注意解题方法的积累,属于中档题.。
2016年长宁、宝山、青浦、嘉定高三第二次模拟练习物理试卷本试卷共9页,满分l50分,考试时间l20分钟。
全卷包括六大题,第一、二大题为单项选择题,第三大题为多项选择题,第四大题为填空题,第五大题为实验题,第六大题为计算题。
考生注意:1、答卷前,务必用钢笔或圆珠笔在答题纸正面清楚地填写姓名、准考证号,并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上,在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。
2、第一、第二和第三大题的作答必须用2B铅笔涂在答题纸上相应区域内与试卷题号对应的位置,需要更改时,必须将原选项用橡皮擦去,重新选择。
第四、第五和第六大题的作答必须用黑色的钢笔或圆珠笔写在答题纸上与试卷题号对应的位置(作图可用铅笔)。
3、第30、31、32、33题要求写出必要的文字说明、方程式和重要的演算步骤。
只写出最后答案,而未写出主要演算过程的,不能得分。
有关物理量的数值计算问题,答案中必须明确写出数值和单位。
一.单项选择题Ⅰ(共16分,每小题2分。
每小题只有一个正确选项。
)1. 真空中的可见光与无线电波(A)波长相等 (B)频率相等 (C)传播速度相等 (D)传播能量相等2. 在如图所示的逻辑电路中,当A端输入电信号“1”、B端输入电信号“0”时,在C和D端输出的电信号分别为(A)0和0 (B)0和1(C)1和0 (D)1和13.关于核能,下述正确的是(A)它是可再生能源 (B)它只能通过重核裂变获得(C)它是原子核结构发生变化时放出的能量 (D)重核裂变的反应速度无法控制4.用一束紫外线照射某金属时不能产生光电效应,可能使该金属产生光电效应的措施是(A)改用X射线照射 (B)改用红外线照射(C)延长该紫外线的照射时间 (D)改用强度更大的紫外线照射5. 如图,水平地面上堆放着原木,关于原木P的支撑点M、N处受力方向所述正确的是(A) N处受到的支持力竖直向上(B) M处受到的支持力竖直向上1 ≥1ABPN M(C) N 处受到的摩擦力沿水平方向 (D) M 处受到的摩擦力沿MN 方向 6. 关于星系,下述正确的是(A)星系是由宇宙中的恒星、气体和尘埃组成的 (B)银河系是一种不规则星系 (C)银河系中恒星只有少量的几颗 (D)太阳处于河外星系中 7.如图,天然放射性元素放出的射线通过电场后分成三束,则(A)①电离作用最强,是一种电磁波(B)②贯穿本领最弱,用一张白纸就可以把它挡住(C)原子核放出一个①粒子后,形成的新核比原来的电荷数多1个 (D)原子核放出一个③粒子后,质子数比原来少4,中子数比原来少2个8.如图,一根长直导线竖直放置,通以向上的电流。
2016年长宁(宝山、青浦、嘉定)区高考数学二模试卷含答案2016.04一、填空题(本大题共有14题,满分56分)1、设集合},2||{R ∈<=x x x A ,},034{2R ∈≥+-=x x x x B ,则=B A _______2、已知i 为虚数单位,复数z 满足i 11=+-zz ,则=||z ________ 3、设0>a 且1≠a ,若函数2)(1+=-x a x f 的反函数的图像经过定点P ,则点P 的坐标 是________4、计算:=++∞→222)1(C P lim n n n n ______ 5、在平面直角坐标系内,直线:l 022=-+y x ,将l 与两条坐标轴围成的封闭图形绕y 轴 旋转一周,所得几何体的体积为_______6、已知0sin 2sin =+θθ,⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛∈ππθ,2,则=θ2tan ________ 7、(理)设定义在R 上的奇函数)(x f y =,当0>x 时,42)(-=x x f ,则不等式0)(≤x f 的解集是____________(文)设定义在R 上的偶函数)(x f y =,当0≥x 时,42)(-=x x f ,则不等式0)(≤x f 的解集是______________8、在平面直角坐标系xOy 中,有一定点)1,1(A ,若线段OA 的垂直平分线过抛物线 :C px y 22=(0>p )的焦点,则抛物线C 的方程为_______9、(理)曲线⎪⎪⎩⎪⎪⎨⎧+-=-=t y t x 5521,551(t 为参数)与曲线⎩⎨⎧+=⋅=θθθθcos sin ,cos sin y x (θ为参数)的公共点的坐标为________(文)已知x 、y 满足约束条件⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧≥+≤+≤,02,4,y y x x y 则y x z +=2的最小值为_________10、(理)记n x x ⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛+12*(N ∈n )的展开式中第m 项的系数为m b ,若432b b =,则=n ___ (文)已知在62⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛+x k x (k 为实常数)的展开式中,3x 项的系数等于160,则=k ____ 11、从所有棱长均为2的正四棱锥的5个顶点中任取3个点,设随机变量ξ表示这三个点所 构成的三角形的面积,则其数学期望=ξE ________(文)从棱长为1的正方体的8个顶点中任取3个点,则以这三点为顶点的三角形的面积等于21的概率是_________ 12、已知各项均为正数的数列}{n a 满足n n a a a n 3221+=+++ (*N ∈n ),则=++++13221n a a a n _________ 13、(理)甲、乙两人同时参加一次数学测试,共有20道选择题,每题均有4个选项,答对得3分,答错或不答得0分.甲和乙都解答了所有的试题,经比较,他们有2道题的选项不同,如果甲最终的得分为54分,那么乙的所有可能的得分值组成的集合为_______(文)甲、乙两人同时参加一次数学测试,共有10道选择题,每题均有4个选项,答对得3分,答错或不答得0分.甲和乙都解答了所有的试题,经比较,他们只有1道题的选项不同, 如果甲最终的得分为27分,那么乙的所有可能的得分值组成的集合为_________14、(理)已知0>a ,函数xa x x f -=)((]2,1[∈x )的图像的两个端点分别为A 、B ,设M 是函数)(x f 图像上任意一点,过M 作垂直于x 轴的直线l ,且l 与线段AB 交于点N ,若1||≤MN 恒成立,则a 的最大值是____________ (文)对于函数bx ax x f +=2)(,其中0>b ,若)(x f 的定义域与值域相同,则非零实数a 的值为________二、选择题(本大题共有4题,满分20分) 15、“0s i n=α”是“1cos =α”的( ) (A )充分不必要条件 (B )必要不充分条件(C )充分必要条件 (D )既不充分也不必要条件16、下列命题正确的是( )(A )若直线1l ∥平面α,直线2l ∥平面α,则1l ∥2l(B )若直线l 上有两个点到平面α的距离相等,则l ∥α(C )直线l 与平面α所成角的取值范围是⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛2,0π (D )若直线1l ⊥平面α,直线2l ⊥平面α,则1l ∥2l17、已知a ,b 是平面内两个互相垂直的单位向量,若向量c 满足0)()(=-⋅-b c a c ,则 ||c 的最大值是( )(A )1 (B )2 (C )2 (D )22 18、(理)已知函数⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧≤≤⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛<<=,153,6sin ,30,|log |)(3x x x x x f π 若存在实数1x ,2x ,3x ,4x 满足 )()()()(4321x f x f x f x f ===,其中4321x x x x <<<,则4321x x x x 的取值范围是 ( )(A ))96,60( (B ))72,45( (C ))48,30( (D ))24,15( (文)已知直线l :b x y +=2与函数xy 1=的图像交于A 、B 两点,设O 为坐标原点,记△OAB 的面积为S ,则函数)(b f S =是( )(A )奇函数且在),0(∞+上单调递增 (B )偶函数且在),0(∞+上单调递增(A )奇函数且在),0(∞+上单调递减 (D )偶函数且在),0(∞+上单调递减三、解答题(本大题满分74分)19、(本题满分12分)本题共有2个小题,第1小题满分5分,第2小题满分7分. (理)如图,在直三棱柱111C B A ABC -中,底面△ABC 是等腰直角三角形,21===AA BC AC ,D 为侧棱1AA的中点; (1)求证:⊥BC 平面11A ACC ;(2)求二面角11C CD B --的大小(结果用反三角函数值表示);(文)如图,在直三棱柱111C B A ABC -中,底面△ABC 是等腰直角三角形,21===AA BC AC ,D 为侧棱1AA的中点; (1)求证:⊥AC 平面11B BCC ;(2)求异面直线D B 1与AC 所成角的大小(结果用反三角函数值表示);(理)已知函数13cos 3cos sin 3)(-⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛-+⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛++=πωπωωx x x x f (0>ω,R ∈x ),且函数)(x f 的最小正周期为π;(1)求函数)(x f 的解析式;(2)在△ABC 中,角A ,B ,C 所对的边分别为a ,b ,c ,若0)(=B f ,23=⋅BC BA ,且4=+c a ,求b 的值;(文)已知函数12cos 2sin 3)(-+=x x x f (R ∈x );(1)写出函数)(x f 的最小正周期和单调递增区间;(2)在△ABC 中,角A ,B ,C 所对的边分别为a ,b ,c ,若0)(=B f ,23=⋅BC BA ,且4=+c a ,求b 的值;定义在D 上的函数)(x f ,如果满足:对任意D x ∈,存在常数0>M ,都有M x f ≤)(成立,则称)(x f 是D 上的有界函数,其中M 称为函数)(x f 的上界;(1)设1)(+=x x x f ,判断)(x f 在⎥⎦⎤⎢⎣⎡-21,21上是否为有界函数,若是,请说明理由,并写出)(x f 的所有上界M 的集合;若不是,也请说明理由;(2)(理)若函数x x a x g 421)(⋅++=在]2,0[∈x 上是以3为上界的有界函数,求实数a 的取值范围;(文)若函数xx a x g ⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛+⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛⋅+=41211)(在),0[∞+上是以3为上界的有界函数,求实数a 的取值范围;小题满分6分.(理)如图,设F 是椭圆14322=+y x 的下焦点,直线4-=kx y (0>k )与椭圆相交于A 、B 两点,与y 轴交于P 点;(1)若AB PA =,求k 的值;(2)求证:BFO AFP ∠=∠;(3)求△ABF 面积的最大值;(文)设椭圆Γ:12222=+by a x (0>>b a )的右焦点为)0,1(F ,短轴的一个端点B 到F 的距离等于焦距;(1)求椭圆Γ的标准方程;(2)设C 、D 是四条直线a x ±=,b y ±=所围成的矩形在第一、第二象限的两个顶点,P 是椭圆Γ上任意一点,若OD n OC m OP +=,求证:22n m +为定值;(3)过点F 的直线l 与椭圆Γ交于不同的两点M 、N ,且满足△BFM 与△BFN 的面积的比值为2,求直线l 的方程;23、(本题满分18分)本题共有3个小题,第1小题满分4分,第2小题满分6分,第3小题满分8分.(理)已知正项数列}{n a ,}{n b 满足:对任意*N ∈n ,都有n a ,n b ,1+n a 成等差数列,n b ,1+n a ,1+n b 成等比数列,且101=a ,152=a ;(1)求证:数列{}nb 是等差数列; (2)求数列}{n a ,}{n b 的通项公式;(3)设n n a a a S 11121+++= ,如果对任意*N ∈n ,不等式nn n a b aS -<22恒成立,求实数a 的取值范围;(文)已知数列}{n a 、}{n b 满足:411=a ,1=+n nb a ,211n n n a b b -=+; (1)求1b ,2b ,3b ,4b ;(2)求证:数列⎭⎬⎫⎩⎨⎧-11n b 是等差数列,并求}{n b 的通项公式; (3)设13221++++=n n n a a a a a a S ,若不等式n n b aS <4对任意*N ∈n 恒成立,求实数a的取值范围;2016年四区高三第二次模拟练习理科数学参考答案与评分标准一.填空题(每小题4分,满分56分)1.]1,2(- 2.1 3.)1,3( 4.23 5.32π 6.3 7.(理)]2,0[]2,( --∞ (文)]2,2[-8.x y 42= 9.(理))1,0( (文)6- 10.(理)5 (文)211.(理)5326+ (文)73 12.n n 622+ 13.(理){48,51,54,57,60} (文)}30,27,24{14.(理)246+ (文)4-二.选择题(每小题5分,满分20分)15.B 16.D 17.C 18.B三.解答题(本大题共有5题,满分74分)19.(本题共有2个小题,第1小题满分5分,第2小题满分7分)(理)(1)因为底面△ABC 是等腰直角三角形,且BC AC =,所以,BC AC ⊥, 因为⊥1CC 平面ABC ,所以BC CC ⊥1,所以,⊥BC 平面11A ACC .(2)以C 为原点,直线CA ,CB ,1CC 为x ,y ,z 轴,建立空间直角坐标系, 则)0,0,0(C ,)0,0,2(A ,)0,2,0(B ,)2,0,0(1C ,)2,2,0(1B ,)1,0,2(D , 由(1),)0,2,0(=CB 是平面11A ACC 的一个法向量,)2,2,0(1=CB ,)1,0,2(=CD ,设平面CD B 1的一个法向量为),,(z y x n = ,则有⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧=⋅=⋅,0,01CD n CB n 即⎩⎨⎧=+=+,02,022z x z y 令1=x ,则2-=z ,2=y , 所以)2,2,1(-=n设CB 与n 的夹角为θ,则32324||||cos =⨯=⋅⋅=n CB n CB θ 由图形知二面角11C CD B --的大小是锐角,所以,二面角11C CD B --的大小为32arccos(文)(1)因为底面△ABC 是等腰直角三角形,且BC AC =,所以,BC AC ⊥ 因为⊥1CC 平面ABC ,所以AC CC ⊥1所以,⊥AC 平面11B BCC(2)取1CC 点E ,连结DE 、E B 1,则DE ∥AC ,所以,DE B 1∠就是异面直线D B 1与AC 所成角(或其补角)因为DE ∥AC ,所以⊥DE 平面11B BCC ,所以△DE B 1是直角三角形,且︒=∠901ED B 因为2=DE ,51=E B ,所以,25tan 11==∠DE E B DE B 所以,异面直线D B 1与BC 所成角的大小为25arctan20.(本题共有2个小题,第1小题满分6分,第2小题满分8分)(理)(1)16sin 21cos sin 3)(-⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛+=-+=πωωωx x x x f 又π=T ,所以,2=ω 所以,162sin 2)(-⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛+=πx x f (2)0162sin 2)(=-⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛+=πB B f ,故2162sin =⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛+πB , 所以,6262πππ+=+k B 或65262πππ+=+k B (Z ∈k ), 因为B 是三角形内角,所以3π=B而23cos =⋅=⋅B ac BC BA ,所以,3=ac 又4=+c a ,所以,1022=+c a ,所以,7cos 2222=-+=B ac c a b , 所以,7=b(文)(1)162sin 2)(-⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛+=πx x f 所以,)(x f 的最小小正周期π=T)(x f 的单调递增区间是⎥⎦⎤⎢⎣⎡+-6,3ππππk k ,Z ∈k (2)0162sin 2)(=-⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛+=πB B f ,故2162sin =⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛+πB , 所以,6262πππ+=+k B 或65262πππ+=+k B (Z ∈k ), 因为B 是三角形内角,所以3π=B 而23cos =⋅=⋅B ac BC BA ,所以,3=ac 又4=+c a ,所以,1022=+c a ,所以,7cos 2222=-+=B ac c a b , 所以,7=b21.(本题共有2个小题,第1小题满分6分,第2小题满分8分)(1)111)(+-=x x f ,则)(x f 在⎥⎦⎤⎢⎣⎡-21,21上是增函数,故⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛≤≤⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛-21)(21f x f f , 即31)(1≤≤-x f 故1|)(|≤x f ,所以)(x f 是有界函数所以,上界M 满足1≥M ,所有上界M 的集合是),1[∞+(理)(2)因为函数)(x g 在]2,0[∈x 上是以3为上界的有界函数,故3|)(|≤x g 在]2,0[∈x 上恒成立,即3)(3≤≤-x g ,所以,34213≤⋅++≤-x x a (]2,0[∈x ) 所以⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛-≤≤⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛--x x x x a 21422144(]2,0[∈x ), 令x t 21=,则⎥⎦⎤⎢⎣⎡∈1,41t ,故t t a t t -≤≤--2224在⎥⎦⎤⎢⎣⎡∈1,41t 上恒成立,所以,min 2max 2)2()4(t t a t t -≤≤--(⎥⎦⎤⎢⎣⎡∈1,41t )令t t t h --=24)(,则)(t h 在⎥⎦⎤⎢⎣⎡∈1,41t 时是减函数,所以2141)(max -=⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛=g t h令t t t p -=22)(,则)(t p 在⎥⎦⎤⎢⎣⎡∈1,41t 时是增函数,所以8141)(min -=⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛=h t p所以,实数a 的取值范围是⎥⎦⎤⎢⎣⎡--81,21(文)(2)由题意,3)(3≤≤-x g 对),0[∞+∈x 恒成立, 即3412113≤⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛+⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛⋅+≤-xx a 令xt ⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛=21,则]1,0(∈t ,原不等式变为242≤+≤-t at , 故t t a t t 2224-≤≤--, 故minmax 24⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛-≤≤⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛--t t a t t 因为t t y --=4在]1,0(∈上是增函数,故54max-=⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛--t t 又t t y -=2在]1,0(∈t 上是减函数,故12min=⎪⎭⎫⎝⎛-t t综上,实数a 的取值范围是]1,5[-分)(1)由⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧-==+4,14322kx y y x 得03624)43(22=+-+kx x k ,所以△0)4(1442>-=k , 设),(11y x A ,),(22y x B ,则4324221+=+k k x x ,4336221+=k x x 因为AB PA =,所以122x x =,代入上式求得556=k (2)由图形可知,要证明BFO AFP ∠=∠,等价于证明直线AF 与直线BF 的倾斜角互补, 即等价于0=+BF AF k k21212122112211)(3211323311x x x x k x x k x kx x kx x y x y k k BF AF +-=⎪⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛+-=-+-=+++=+ 022433643243222=-=++⋅-=k k k k kk . 所以,BFO AFP ∠=∠(3)由△0>,得042>-k ,所以 21221214)(321||||21x x x x x x PF S S S PAF PBF ABF -+⋅⋅=-⋅=-=∆∆∆ 4341822+-=k k 令42-=k t ,则0>t ,1634322+=+t k 故t t t t k k S ABF 163181631843418222+=+=+-=∆ 433163218=⋅≤(当且仅当t t 163=,即3162=t ,3212=k 取等号) 所以,△ABF 面积的最大值是433分)(1)由已知,1=c 又2||22=+=c b BF ,故2=a所以,3222=-=c a b ,所以,椭圆Γ的标准方程为13422=+y x(2))3,2(C ,)3,2(-D设),(00y x P ,则134220=+y x , 由已知OD n OC m OP +=,得⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧+=-=,)(3,)(200n m y n m x 所以,13)(34)(422=++-n m n m ,即2122=+n m 为定值(3)2=∆∆BFN BFM S S 等价于2||||=FN FM当直线l 的斜斜率不存在时,1||||=FN FM ,不合题意故直线l 的斜率存在,设l :)1(-=x k y , 由⎪⎩⎪⎨⎧=+-=,134,)1(22y x xk y 消去x ,得096)43(222=-++k ky y k设),(11y x M ,),(22y x N ,则221436k k y y +-=+,2221439k k y y +-=, 由2||||=FN FM ,得221-=y y ,则22436k k y +=,)43(292222k k y +=,从而8432=+k ,25±=k所以,直线l 的方程为)1(25-±=x y(理)23.(1)由已知,12++=n n n a a b ① 121++=n n n b b a ②, 由②可得,11++=n n n b b a ③,将③代入①得,对任意*N ∈n ,2≥n ,有112+-+=n n n n n b b b b b ,即112+-+=n n n b b b ,所以{}n b 是等差数列. (2)设数列{}n b 的公差为d ,由101=a ,152=a ,得2251=b ,182=b 所以2251=b ,232=b ,所以2212=-=b b d 所以,)4(2222)1(225)1(1+=⋅-+=-+=n n d n b b n 所以,2)4(2+=n b n ,2)4(2)3(2212+⋅+==-n n b b a n n n 2)4)(3(++=n n a n (3)由(2),⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛+-+=++=41312)4)(3(21n n n n a n 所以,⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛+-=⎥⎦⎤⎢⎣⎡⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛+-+++⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛-+⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛-=414124131615151412n n n S n 故不等式n n n a b aS -<22化为34241414++-<⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛+-n n n a , 即)3()4)(2(+++<n n n n a 当*N ∈n 时恒成立 令)3(2312131121342)3()4)(2()(+++++=⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛++⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛+=++⋅+=+++=n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n f , 则)(n f 随着n 的增大而减小,且1)(>n f 恒成立故1≤a ,所以,实数a 的取值范围是]1,(-∞(文)23.(1)由已知,nn n n n n n n b b b b a a b b -=-=+-=+21)2()1)(1(1, 因为411=a ,所以,431=b ,542=b ,653=b ,764=b . (2)n n b b -=+211,nnn n b b b b --=--=-+2112111 所以,11112111--=--=-+n n n n b b b b , 所以,数列⎭⎬⎫⎩⎨⎧-11n b 是以4-为首项,1-为公差的等差数列. 所以,311--=-n b n ,32++=n n b n (*N ∈n ) (3)因为32++=n n b n ,从而311+=-=n b a n n , 所以,13221++++=n n n a a a a a a S )4)(3(1651541++++⨯+⨯=n n )4(44141+=+-=n n n 所以,不等式n n b aS <4化为324++<+n n n an , 即)3()4)(2(+++<n n n n a 当*N ∈n 时恒成立 令)3(2312131121342)3()4)(2()(+++++=⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛++⎪⎭⎫ ⎝⎛+=++⋅+=+++=n n n n n n n n n n n n n n n f , 则)(n f 随着n 的增大而减小,且1)(>n f 恒成立.故1≤a ,所以,实数a 的取值范围是]1,(-∞。
2016年上海市宝山区、长宁区、嘉定区、青浦区联考高考生物二模试卷学校:___________姓名:___________班级:___________考号:___________一、单选题(本大题共11小题,共22.0分)1.下列植物细胞中,适合观察细胞有丝分裂的是()A.蚕豆叶肉细胞B.洋葱鳞片叶表皮细胞C.蚕豆根尖分生区细胞D.洋葱根尖伸长区细胞【答案】C【解析】解:A、蚕豆叶肉细胞属于成熟的植物细胞,不能进行细胞分裂,另外叶绿体中含有色素,妨碍观察,故A选项错误;B、洋葱鳞片叶表皮细胞属于成熟的植物细胞,不能进行细胞分裂,用于观察质壁分离和复原的实验,故B选项错误;C、蚕豆根尖分生区细胞成正方形,排列紧密,细胞分裂旺盛,故C选项正确;D、洋葱根尖伸长区细胞逐渐成熟,不能进行细胞分裂,故D选项错误.故选:C.在四个备选项中只有C选项的细胞具有分裂能力,其它细胞都不能进行细胞分裂.本题考查观察细胞有丝分裂的材料选择,意在考查学生的识记和理解能力,难度不大.2.使细胞失去识别能力的物质是()A.限制酶B.龙胆紫C.多糖水解酶D.班氏试剂【答案】C【解析】解:具有细胞识别功能的是细胞膜上的糖蛋白,因此利用蛋白酶或多糖水解酶可以破坏糖蛋白的结构,从而使细胞失去识别能力.故选:C.细胞膜的主要组成成分是蛋白质和脂质,其次还有少量糖类,脂质中主要是磷脂,磷脂双分子层构成生物膜的基本骨架,蛋白质分子镶在细胞膜表面、部分或全部嵌在磷脂双分子层中,或者横跨整个磷脂双分子层,在细胞膜的外侧存在多糖与蛋白质结合形成的糖蛋白,糖蛋白对于细胞的识别具有重要作用.本题考查了细胞膜的结构和功能的有关知识,要求考生明确与细胞识别功能相关的物质为糖蛋白,同时利用酶的专一性来解决该问题.3.下列对蓝藻、酵母菌、乳酸菌、水绵、衣藻、噬菌体等6种生物的归纳中,正确的是()A.6种生物都有核糖体B.6种生物都含有脱氧核糖C.6种生物的生殖方式相同D.含有线粒体的生物只有水绵和衣藻【答案】B【解析】解:A、噬菌体是病毒,没有细胞结构,没有核糖体,A错误;B、这6种生物的遗传物质都是DNA,组成DNA的成分当中有脱氧核糖,B正确;C、蓝藻、乳酸菌是原核生物,原核生物没有有性生殖方式,酵母菌、水绵、衣藻是真核生物既可以进行无性生殖也可以进行有性生殖,病毒的增殖方式是复制增殖,C错误;D、这6种生物中,含有线粒体的生物除了水绵和衣藻外,酵母菌也含有线粒体,D错误.故选:B.1、这6种生物中酵母菌、水绵、衣藻是真核生物,蓝藻、乳酸菌是原核生物,噬菌体是病毒(DNA病毒),病毒不具有细胞结构,既不是原核生物,也不是真核生物.2、原核细胞只有核糖体一种细胞器.本题考查病毒、原核细胞和真核细胞的形态和结构的异同、生物体的生殖方式的知识,考生识记病毒的结构、识记原核细胞和真核细胞的形态和结构的异同、明确病毒没有细胞结构是解题的关键.4.下列能感受化学信息的感受器是()A.雄蛾头部的触角B.鲫鱼身体两侧的侧线C.响尾蛇鼻眼间的颊窝D.皮肤中的压力感受器【答案】A【解析】解:A、雄蛾的触角属于动物获取化学信息的感受器,A正确;B、鱼类的侧线器官:感受水流方向定方位的感受器,感受物理信息的感受器,B错误;C、响尾蛇的颊窝:感受红外线的感受器,感受物理信息的感受器,C错误;D、皮肤中的压力感受器属于物理感受器,D错误.故选:A.化学感受器是感受机体内、外环境化学刺激的感受器的总称.化学感受器多分布在鼻腔和口腔粘膜、舌部、眼结合膜、生殖器官粘膜、内脏壁、血管周围、神经系统某些部位以及昆虫的触角等.本题考查动物获取化学信息的感受器,意在考查考生的识记能力和理解所学知识要点的能力;理论联系实际,综合运用所学知识解决自然界的一些生物学问题.5.下列有关ATP的叙述,正确的是()A.机体在运动和睡眠时都消耗ATPB.ATP由腺嘌呤、脱氧核糖和磷酸组成C.所有生物在有氧的条件下都能形成ATPD.叶肉细胞内蔗糖运输到叶脉所需的ATP来源于光合作用【答案】A【解析】解:A、机体在运动和睡眠时都消耗ATP,只是睡眠时消耗的ATP减少,A正确;B、ATP由腺嘌呤、核糖和磷酸组成,B错误;C、厌氧型生物在有氧的条件下不能形成ATP,C错误;D、叶肉细胞内蔗糖运输到叶脉所需的ATP来源于呼吸作用,光合作用产生的ATP只用于暗反应,D错误.故选:A.ATP是生物体的直接能源物质,ATP在细胞内数量并不很多,可以和ADP迅速转化形成.人和动物体内产生ATP的生理过程只有呼吸作用,高等植物体内产生ATP的生理过程有光合作用和细胞呼吸,ATP中的能量可用于各种生命活动,可以转变为光能、化学能等,但形成ATP的能量来自于呼吸作用释放的能量或植物的光合作用.本题考查ATP的相关知识,意在考查学生的识记能力和判断能力,运用所学知识综合分析问题的能力.6.关于甲型H1N1流感病毒与H7N9流感病毒的叙述,正确的是()A.两种病毒所含元素和物质一定相同B.H7N9流感病毒侵入人体细胞前,常由体液免疫降低其感染性C.检测胸腺肽对两种病毒的影响,可用含有胸腺肽的培养基培养两种病毒D.H1N1病毒侵入人体时,注射H7N9流感疫苗后产生的记忆细胞迅速增殖分化【答案】B【解析】解:A、甲型H1N1流感病毒与H7N9流感病毒的主要成分都是蛋白质和RNA,两者RNA的成分完全相同,但是蛋白质的元素组成不一定相同,A错误;B、病毒侵入细胞内之前,首先进行体液免疫,体液免疫产生的抗体与病毒结合能够降低其感染性,B正确;C、病毒的生命活动离不开宿主细胞,先用培养基培养宿主细胞,再用活细胞培养病毒,C错误;D、一种记忆细胞只能特异性的识别一种抗原,注射的甲型H1N1病毒疫苗后产生的记忆细胞的增殖分化与H7N9病毒侵入无关,D错误.故选:B.对于外毒素,体液免疫发挥作用;对于胞内寄生生物,体液免疫先起作用,阻止寄生生物的传播感染,当寄生生物进入细胞后,细胞免疫将抗原释放,再由体液免疫最后清除.本题考查的是免疫的内容,意在考查考生理解所学知识的要点,把握知识间的内在联系的能力.7.同位素标记法是生命科学研究中常用的方法.下列各项所选择使用的同位素及相关结论错误的是()A.AB.BC.CD.D【答案】A【解析】解:A、35S标记的是噬菌体的蛋白质外壳,用35S标记的是噬菌体侵染细菌实验只能证明噬菌体侵染细菌时蛋白质没有进入细菌,不能证明DNA是遗传物质,A错误;B、用15N标记DNA分子,再采用离心方法,可证明DNA分子半保留复制方式,B正确;C、用14C标记CO2,得知碳原子在光合作用中的转移途径CO2→C3→有机物,C正确;D、鲁宾和卡门用18O分别标记CO2和水,证明光合作用所释放的氧气全部来自于水,D正确.故选:A.1、光合作用的发现历程:(1)普利斯特利通过实验证明植物能净化空气;(2)梅耶根据能量转换与守恒定律明确指出植物进行光合作用时光能转换为化学能;(3)萨克斯通过实验证明光合作用的产物除了氧气外还有淀粉;(4)恩格尔曼采用水绵、好氧细菌和极细光束进行对照实验,发现光合作用的场所是叶绿体;(5)鲁宾和卡门采用同位素标记法进行实验证明光合作用释放的O2来自水;(6)卡尔文采用同位素标记法探明了CO2的固定过程中碳元素的转移途径.2、T2噬菌体侵染细菌的实验步骤:分别用35S或32P标记噬菌体→噬菌体与大肠杆菌混合培养→噬菌体侵染未被标记的细菌→在搅拌器中搅拌,然后离心,检测上清液和沉淀物中的放射性物质.本题考查光合作用的发现史、DNA分子的复制、噬菌体侵染细菌实验等,对于此类试题,需要考生注意的细节较多,如实验的原理、实验步骤、实验现象及结论等,需要考生在平时的学习过程中注意积累.8.某同学从环境温度25℃的室内突然走到环境温度为0℃的室外,对该同学相关生理变化的叙述,正确的是()A.产热量将高于散热量B.皮肤血管有所收缩C.副交感神经兴奋加强D.新陈代谢将减弱【答案】B【解析】解:A、人在寒冷环境中能维持体温的相对稳定,说明产热量等于散热量,A错误;B、寒冷环境时,皮肤血管收缩,血流量下降,减少散热,B正确;C、人在寒冷环境时,交感神经活动减弱,皮肤的血管收缩,血流量减少,C错误;D、寒冷环境,机体通过增加产热和减少散热途径,维持体温的相对稳定,使新陈代谢增强,增加产热,D错误.故选:B.1、人在寒冷环境中能维持体温的相对稳定,说明产热量等于散热量;寒冷环境中,机体通过增加产热和减少散热途径,维持体温的相对稳定,即新陈代谢增强,增加产热,皮肤血管收缩,血流量下降,减少散热;在寒冷环境时,新陈代谢增强分解的葡萄糖增多,机体维持血糖稳定,使胰高血糖素分泌量增多,胰岛素分泌量减少.2、副交感神经系统可保持身体在安静状态下的生理平衡,其作用有三个方面:①增进胃肠的活动,消化腺的分泌,促进大小便的排出,保持身体的能量.②瞳孔缩小以减少刺激,促进肝糖原的生成,以储蓄能源.③心跳减慢,血压降低,支气管缩小,以节省不必要的消耗,协助生殖活动,如使生殖血管扩张,性器官分泌液增加.本题主要考查体温调节过程,比较基础,学生熟练掌握产热和散热途径就能得到正确答案.9.下列有关酶工程与基因工程的叙述中正确的是()A.酶工程是细胞水平(或性状水平)操作,基因工程是分子水平操作B.酶工程中通过层析提纯酶蛋白,基因工程中通过筛选获得受体细胞C.酶工程合成的是非天然存在的蛋白质,基因工程合成的是天然存在的蛋白质D.酶工程产品相对安全且应用广,基因工程产品安全性稍弱且可能影响生态环境【答案】D【解析】解:A、基因工程是分子水平操作,酶工程是酶及酶系水平上的操作,A错误;B、酶工程中可通过层析提纯酶蛋白,基因工程中通过体外DNA重组和转基因等技术,赋予生物以心得遗传特性,从而创造出更符合人们要求的新的生物类型和生物产品,B错误;C、酶工程合成的蛋白质可以是天然的,也可以是改造过的非天然蛋白质,基因工程合成的是天然存在的蛋白质,C错误;D、酶工程产品是蛋白质,易被降解,所以相对安全且应用广,基因工程产品安全性稍弱且可能影响生态环境,D正确.故选:D.酶工程又可以说是蛋白质工程学,利用传统突变技术或是分子生物学技术,将蛋白质上的氨基酸进行突变,已改变蛋白质之化学性质和功能.蛋白质工程和酶工程是继基因工程之后发展起来的生物学技术,它们是基因工程的一个重要组成部分,或者说是新一代的基因工程.本题考查酶工程和基因工程的相关知识,意在考查考生的识记能力和理解所学知识要点,把握知识间内在联系的能力;能运用所学知识与观点,通过比较、分析与综合等方法对某些生物学问题进行解释、推理,做出合理的判断或得出正确的结论.10.为研究强光照对移栽幼苗光合色素的影响,某同学用乙醇提取叶绿体色素,用石油醚进行纸层析,如图为滤纸层析结果(Ⅰ~Ⅳ为色素条带).下列叙述正确的是()A.强光照导致了该植物叶绿素含量升高B.画滤液线时,滤液在点样线上只能画一次C.色素I、Ⅳ吸收光谱的吸收峰波长无差异D.与正常光源相比较,强光照下类胡萝卜素含量升高【答案】D【解析】解:A、强光照和正常光照相比,叶绿素含量降低,说明强光照导致了该植物叶绿素含量降低,A错误;B、在分离色素实验中,画滤液细线时,需要重复画线,增加色素量,但操作应在前一次画线晾干后再进行重复操作,B错误;C、胡萝卜素主要吸收蓝紫光,叶绿素主要吸收红光和蓝紫光,所以色素I、Ⅳ吸收光谱的吸收峰波长有差异,C错误;D、强光照和正常光照相比,叶绿素含量降低,类胡萝卜素含量增加,说明强光照导致了该植物类胡萝卜素含量增加,D正确.故选:D.根据题意和图示分析可知:滤纸条从上到下依次是:Ⅰ胡萝卜素、Ⅱ叶黄素、Ⅲ叶绿素a(最宽)、Ⅳ叶绿素b(第2宽),色素带的宽窄与色素含量相关.强光照和正常光照相比,明显叶绿素含量降低,类胡萝卜素含量增加,可见类胡萝卜素含量增加有利于该植物抵御强光照.本题考查叶绿色的提取和分离实验的相关知识,意在考查学生的识图能力和判断能力,考查学生对于相关实验的实验原理、具体操作方法的掌握和应用.11.关于微生物传染病流行过程的叙述中,正确的是()A.同一种微生物传染病可以有不同的传播途径B.对于人类的传染病来说最主要的传染源是易感人群C.通过接触乙肝患者的口腔分泌物而患病的传播属于病媒传播D.微生物传染病的传染链包括病原体、传播途径和易感人群三个基本环节【答案】A【解析】解:A、病原微生物的传播途径有:空气、接触、物质媒介等,A正确;B、对于人类来说,最主要的传染源是染病的生物,B错误;C、通过接触乙肝患者的口腔分泌物而患病的传播属于接触传播,C错误;D、传染病能够在人群中流行,必须同时具备三个基本环节:传染源、传播途径、易感人群,如果缺少其中任何一个环节,传染病就不能流行,D错误.故选:A.传染病是指由病原体引起的,能在人与人之间、人与动物之间互相传播的一种疾病.传染病流行的三个基本环节是:传染源、传播途径和易感人群.传染源:能够散播病原体的人或动物.传播途径:病原体离开传染源到达健康人所经过的途径叫传播途径,如空气传播、饮食传播、生物媒介传播等.易感人群:对某种传染病缺乏免疫力而容易感染该病的人群叫易感人群.传染病包括三个基本环节:传染源、传播途径和易感人群.传染病流行的时候,切断三个基本环节中的任何一个环节,传染病的流行即可终止.预防传染病的一般措施可分为:控制传染源、切断传播途径、保护易感者.本题考查微生物传染病的相关知识,要求考生能够识记传染病的三个基本环节,掌握不同传染病的传播途径再结合选项准确判断.二、多选题(本大题共1小题,共2.0分)12.如图示某植物群落的一部分(各种符号代表不同的物种),现需计算样方地的辛普森指数.下列叙述错误的是()A.应随机选择样方地B.要记录的物种数有5种C.需统计样方内植物总数D.辛普森指数可表示物种丰富度【答案】BD【解析】解:A、计算样方地的辛普森指数需要使用样方法,选取样方时应随机取样,A正确;B、选取的样方中只有4种物种,B错误;C、根据计算公式可知,需统计样方内植物总数,C正确;D、由辛普森指数可判断物种的多样性,但不能判断物种的丰富度,D错误.故选:BD.物种多样性大小用辛普森指数来反映,辛普森指数越大代表物种多样性程度越高.计算公式如下:D:辛普森指数(物种多样性指数)N:所有物种的个体总数n i:第i个物种的个体数s:物种数目(种数)本题考查了物种多样性和辛普森指数的有关知识,要求考生首先掌握辛普森指数的计算方法,根据公式确定需要调查的对象,注意取样时随机选取样方,属于考纲中识记、理解层次的考查.三、单选题(本大题共18小题,共36.0分)13.下列关于免疫的叙述,正确的是()A.致敏T细胞没有特异性B.巨噬细胞吞噬外来细菌,必须有抗体参与C.人体大面积烧伤后,非特异性免疫功能会下降D.同一生物的T细胞和B细胞所含基因不同,功能也不同【答案】C【解析】解:A、致敏T细胞能够特异性识别抗原,A错误;B、巨噬细胞能够识别并吞噬外来细菌,不需要抗体参与,B错误;C、皮肤为非特异性免疫中的第一道防线,人体大面积烧伤后,非特异性免疫功能会下降,C正确;D、同一生物的不同细胞都是由同一个受精卵有丝分裂而来,因此T细胞和B细胞中基因是相同,D错误.故选:C.人体免疫系统的三大防线:(1)第一道:皮肤、粘膜的屏障作用及皮肤、黏膜的分泌物(泪液、唾液)的杀灭作用.(2)第二道:吞噬细胞的吞噬作用及体液中杀菌物质的杀灭作用.(3)第三道:免疫器官、免疫细胞、免疫物质共同组成的免疫系统.其中第一道防线和第二道防线合称为非特异性免疫,第三道防线为特异性免疫.本题考查了人体免疫的有关知识,要求考生能够识记特异性免疫中能够识别抗原和能特异性识别抗原的细胞,能够识记人体免疫的三道防线,明确同一生物不同体细胞的基因是相同,再结合所学知识准确判断各项.14.如图是以枪乌贼的粗大神经纤维作为实验材料测定其受刺激前后的电位变化情况(箭头表示电流方向).在a、b两点中央偏左刺激,电位变化的现象依次是()A.④、②、①、④B.④、②、③、④C.④、①、③、④D.④、③、①、④【答案】B【解析】解:静息时的电位是外正内负,为④图所示,在a、b两点中央偏左刺激,兴奋先传导到左边a部位,a部位变为外负内正,膜外电流由正电位流向负电位,指针向左偏,如图②所示;如果兴奋传至右侧的b出,b电位由外正内负变成外负内正,膜外电流由正电位流向负电位,指针向右偏,如图③所示,然后指针重新恢复静息电位.故选:B.静息电位表现为外正内负,受刺激时,钠离子通道开放,钠离子内流,膜电位发生反转,由外正内负变成外负内正,兴奋部位与未兴奋部位存在电位差,形成局部电流,兴奋以局部电流的形式在神经纤维上进行传导.本题旨在考查学生理解神经纤维上兴奋的产生和传导过程,并学会应用相关知识进行推理、判断.15.如图是一低等海洋动物完成某反射的反射弧模式图.下列叙述正确的是()A.①受到各种刺激,便能引起②的反应B.b处给予适宜刺激,引起②的反应属于反射C.兴奋每传递一次都会导致突触前膜的面积减少D.图中有三个神经元,a处兴奋传导的速率大于c处【答案】D【解析】解:A、不同的感受器有适宜的刺激种类,不能对各种持久都能发生反应,不同的感受器也有不同的刺激值,刺激强度太弱,不能引起感受器的兴奋,A错误;B、反射活动需通过完整的反射弧来实现,因此b处给予适宜刺激,引起②的反应不属于反射,B错误;C、神经递质在突触小泡中,突触小泡与突触前膜融合时将神经递质胞吐到突触间隙中,因此兴奋每传递一次都会导致突触前膜的面积增加,C错误;D、由图可知,图中有三个神经元,四个突触,由于兴奋在神经元上的传导速度大于兴奋在突触处的传递速度,因此a处兴奋传导的速率大于c处,D正确.故选:D.分析题图:图示是某低等海洋动物完成某反射的反射弧模式图,反射弧由感受器、传入神经、神经中枢、传出神经和效应器组成,根据a上的神经节或③处突触结构可以判断,①为感受器,能接受刺激产生兴奋;②为效应器,能作出一定的反应;③为突触结构.本题结合某低等海洋动物完成某反射的反射弧模式图,考查反射弧各部分组成及功能,要求考生识记反射弧的组成,能准确判断图中各结构的名称;识记反射的概念,明确反射活动的发生需要完整的反射弧;掌握突触的结构,明确兴奋在神经元上的传导速度大于兴奋在突触处的传递速度.16.如图细胞Ⅰ、Ⅱ和物质E、F的关系可能是()细胞Ⅰ细胞Ⅱ物质E物质FA下丘脑细胞垂体细胞促甲状腺激素受体B效应T细胞病原体抗体抗原C甲状腺细胞垂体细胞甲状腺激素受体D传出神经元传入神经元神经递质受体A.AB.BC.CD.D【答案】C【解析】解:A 、若细胞Ⅰ是 下丘脑细胞,细胞Ⅱ是垂体细胞,信息分子E 应该是促激素释放激素,不是促激素,A 错误;B 、若细胞Ⅰ是效应T 细胞,细胞Ⅱ是病原体,效应T 细胞的作用不是通过产生信息分子抗体作用于靶细胞,而是效应T 细胞直接作用于靶细胞,B 错误;C 、若细胞Ⅰ是甲状腺细胞,细胞Ⅱ是垂体细胞,信息分子E 是甲状腺分泌的甲状腺激素,作用于垂体细胞的细胞膜上的受体,抑制垂体细胞的分泌活动,C 正确;D 、兴奋在神经元间的 传递是单向的只能从传入神经元传递到传出神经元,因此细胞Ⅰ不可能是 传出神经元,Ⅱ细胞不可能是 传入神经元,D 错误.故选:C .本题是细胞产生的信息分子与信息分子作用的靶细胞,分析题图可知,细胞Ⅰ产生信息分子E ,E 作用于靶细胞膜上的受体F .本题涉及的知识点是甲状腺激素的分级调节和反馈调节,细胞免疫的过程,兴奋在神经元之间的传递方向,对基础知识的掌握是解题的关键,分析时要注重对相关知识点 的模型构建,以加深对知识的理解.17.某昆虫种群中,DD 基因型个体占40%,dd 基因型个体占20%.已知dd 在性成熟前死亡.若该昆虫种群之间能自由交配,则下一代中基因型D d 个体出现的频率以及D 、d 基因频率分别为( )A.37.5% 75% 5%B.12.5% 5% 25%C.25% 75% 5%D.48% 60% 40%【答案】A【解析】解:由题意知,性成熟个体的基因型及比例是DD :D d =40%:(1-40%-20%)=1:1,以种群为单位,产生的配子的类型及比例是D :d =3:1,该昆虫种群之间能自由交配后代的基因型及比例是DD :D d :dd =,9:6:1,D d 占38,DD 占916,dd 占116,D 的基因频率是916+38×12=34,d 的基因频率是116+38×12=14.故选:A .1、根据基因型频率计算基因频率的方法:显性基因的基因频率=显性纯合子基因型频率+杂合子基因型频率÷2,隐性基因的基因频率=隐性纯合子基因型频率+杂合子基因型频率÷2.2、由于dd 在性成熟前死亡,不能进行交配产生后代,产生后代的基因型是DD 、D d ,先计算DD 与D d 的比例,以种群为单位计算产生的配子的类型及比例,然后根据雌雄配子结合的随机性计算自由交配后代的基因型及比例.本题的知识点是基因频率的计算方法,自由交配与自交的不同及计算方法,旨在考查学生理解所学知识的要点,把握知识的内在联系,并应用相关知识进行推理、计算.18.提倡有氧运动的原因之一是避免肌肉细胞无氧呼吸产生大量乳酸.如图所示为人体运动强度与血液中乳酸含量和氧气消耗速率的关系.结合所学知识,分析下列说法正确的是( )A.ab 段为有氧呼吸,bc 段为有氧呼吸和无氧呼吸,cd 段为无氧呼吸B.运动强度大于c 后,肌肉细胞CO 2的产生量将大于O 2消耗量C.若运动强度长时间超过c ,会因为乳酸大量积累而使肌肉酸胀乏力。
长宁、宝山、嘉定、青浦四区2016年高三年级质量调研测试英语试卷第I卷(共103分)I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. At home. B. In his office.C. At school.D. In the meeting room.2. A. Boss and secretary. B. Brother and sister.C. Teacher and student.D. Customer and shop assistant.3. A. The man needs to be up all night. B. It’s wise of the man to study English.C. The man should get some sleep.D. It’s easy for the man to stay up late.4. A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Six.5. A. She used to be healthier. B. Jogging does do good to her.C. She didn’t like exercise before.D. Jogging is never part of her life.6. A. The woman is willing to teach the man to use the machine.B. The man doesn’t want to be bothered by the woman.C. The clerk should have made more copies.D. The clerk won’t come back to make any copies.7. A. He likes to eat Italian food. B. He wishes to pay the bill.C. He wants to be treated there.D. He intends to prepare lunch.8. A. She is studying French in Canada. B. She stayed in Canada for two weeks.C. She is planning to return to Canada.D. She spent the Spring Festival in Canada.9. A. He prefers yellow to brown. B. He doesn’t like either of the colours.C. He chooses both yellow and brown.D. He doesn’t care much about colo ur.10. A. His wife often complains about everything.B. He didn’t want to cut his wife’s long hair.C. His wife didn’t take his sensible advice.D. He really likes his wife’s new hairstyle.Section BDirections:In Section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passage. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. They wanted him to support the family by selling books.B. They thought him unable to earn enough money as a painter.C. They expected him to take over their business as a bookseller.D. They found him unfit to be a painter due to his personality.12. A. Morse got the inspiration from electricity.B. People were generous to Morse for his paintings.C. Longer codes were used for common letters in telegraph.D. Messages often failed to reach their destinations in the 1800s.13. A. A way of conveying messages. B. The main functions of telegraph.C. A brief introduction of Morse.D. The symbols of Morse code.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Endurance. B. Exhausted. C. Survivor. D. That’ll teach ’em.15. A. It aims at making money. B. It gets adults involved.C. It is unpleasant.D. It is educational.16. A. They are extremely dangerous. B. They are over commercial.C. They are entirely fictional.D. They are quite popular.Section CDirections:In Section C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write ONE WORD for each answer.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.Complete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.(A)About dancing bearsYoung bears are captured in the wild, separated from their mothers, and taught by a trainer to become dancing bears in conditions of unimaginable cruelty.The young animals are forced on to sheets of really hot metal and, (25) ______ (escape) the pain, the bears alternate lifting up one paw (爪子) and then another while music is played. The process is repeated again and again (26) ______ the animals automatically begin to raise their paws – to ―dance‖– in fear of the pain, even when there are no metal sheets.As the bears get older, the trainers keep them under control by imposing pain. They do this by putting rings through the bears’ highly sensitive noses and jaws. The pitiful truth is (27) ______ they are not put to sleep for this painful process. Chains (28) ______ (attach) to the rings so the trainers can control the animals, (29) ______ weigh up to 350 kilograms, with only a slight pull on the chains.The bears’ nails are cut several times a year and their teeth broken or removed in order that they cannot get their trainers (30) ______ (injure). The bears also suffer with an inadequate diet usually (31) ______ (consist) of white bread, sugar and cheap fruit juices. All these cause the bears serious physical health problems (32) ______ ______ many of them display strange behavior such as swaying (摇摆) and pacing as they cannot follow natural behavioral patterns and instincts.(B)The Power of GoodIt was Mother’s Day morning last year and I was shopping at our local supermarket with my five-year-old son, Tenyson. As we were leaving, we realised that only minutes (33) ______ (early) an elderly woman had fallen and hurt (34) ______ badly. She was embarrassed and clearly in shock. Fortunately, her husband was with her and many people had stopped to help out. Walking towards the scene, Tenyson became very upset about (35) ______ had happened to the elderly couple. He said to me, ―(36) ______ (fall) over in front of everyone isn’t much fun.‖Near the entrance of the supermarket, a charity group had set up a stall selling flowers. Tenyson suggested that we should buy the lady a flower. ―It will make her feel better,‖ he said. I w as amazed that he would have this sweet idea, so I asked the flower seller if I (37) _____ buy a flower for the elderly lady because my son wanted to give it to her to cheer her up. ―Just take it,‖ she replied. ―I can’t take your money for such wonderful gesture.‖By then a nurse (38) ______ (arrive), and was attending to the woman. As we walked up to her, Tenyson became frightened by all the blood and medical equipment. Instead I gave (39) ______ flowerto the woman’s husband. The old man thanked us both, then bent down and gave it to his wife, telling her who it was (40) ______. Despite being badly hurt and shaken, the old lady looked up at Tenyson with love in her eyes and gave him a little smile.Section BDirections: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Ecotours are unique adventures that join nature and sightseeing into one exciting package. Learning about the environment and the world around us is the 41 of an ecotour because you get to experience the natural world firsthand. A great way for students studying biology and environmental sciences to experience 42 life and nature is to take your own ecotour! Orlando airboat rides can give you an experience to remember and can be a fun and 43 way to learn more about the Florida environment.Ecotours involve travelling to a natural environment where you are guided by a(n) 44 helping you learn about the surrounding environment and extend your environmental education. This can include learning how the plants and animals on your Orlando airboat rides 45 from each other, or you can be simply becoming more aware of preservation efforts towards the Everglades, the largest wetland in North America.Orlando airboat rides can help you learn about Florida history, observe alligators (短吻鳄) and other wildlife, and experience the 46 nature of the muddy wilderness. Taking an ecotour can help you become more aware of your environment and further instruct you on the impact we have on the environment. Our goal is to help you understand the Everglades and how important it is to 47 the wetland.Wild Florida provides the perfect opportunity for a school trip that satisfies those 48 with learning more about environmental sciences, or to those just curious about the Everglades. Hands-on and active learning on an airboat ride is often a more exciting and adventurous 49 to sitting in a classroom, so why not plan your ecotrip with Wild Florida?Wild Florida is reputable for 50 in creating an exciting and unique ecotour that’s fun for everyone in your family! You will be flying through the muddy Everglades in our airboat rides while observing and learning about alligators, bald birds, the history of the Everglades, and so much more. Book your Orlando airboat rides today by calling us at 407-901-2563 to experience a one-of-a-kind ecotour that you won’t soon forget.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Over the last 15 years, digital communication has brought in more changes than the printing press did in 1570. And those most likely to use them in this world are teenagers, whose brains appear to have an extraordinary volume to adapt to the world around them, according to Dr Jay Giedd, a(n) 51 brain expert.We are now discovering that, as a species, our brains during the teenage years are still flexible and capable of 52 . Having a more flexible brain, 53 , means that certain parts of it, such as desire control and the ability to make long-term decisions, haven’t developed yet, which may also explain why we spend a(n) 54 period living under the protection of our parents rather than leaving home at the age of 12 or 13. This also means that the teenage brain can adapt to new technology, enabling teenagers to 55 the increasing pace of digital technology and giving them an advantage when it comes to multitasking.In the USA, on average teenagers spend 8.5 hours a day using computers, mobiles, and other devices to learn, interact, and play. This increases to 11.5 hours if you include all of the 56 that goes on, such as talking on the phone while watching TV. As they stare at these screens, they’re taking in and sorting through an incredible amount of information.There are 57 about how social media is affecting the way the brain learns to 58 , as one of the most important skills that we learn as children is how to make friends and interact with people around us. Geidd says that a lot of what goes on inside our brains is social. Social interactions are now being 59 by technology – you could have hundreds of friends, all of whom are real people that you interact with and scientists aren’t sure whether we’ll be able to develop the same 60 using social media.There is a(n) 61 of the growing digital trend: YouTube shows the teenagers all over the world are watching the same videos and laughing at the same jokes, indicating that they are more 62 than teenagers in the past. They may be keen on 63 their friends and posting updates on social media sites, but teenagers today are probably going to have access to technology and 64 social and educational opportunities that anyone with a less flexible brain may have trouble imagining. Nevertheless, there is a cut-off point, and by the age of 30, our brains in their ways, making it more65 for us to adapt and cope with new technologies.51. A. digital B. adolescent C. surgical D. artificial52. A. functioning B. noticing C. adjusting D. deciding53. A. however B. therefore C. otherwise D. instead54. A. natural B. glorious C. limited D. extended55. A. keep up with B. come up with C. put up with D. end up with56. A. gossiping B. multitasking C. interacting D. playing57. A. reports B. curiosities C. concerns D. talks58. A. memorize B. sort C. imagine D. socialize59. A. changed B. controlled C. troubled D. interrupted60. A. trends B. attitudes C. societies D. skills61. A. advantage B. distraction C. indication D. history62. A. absent-minded B. global-minded C. quick-minded D. serious-minded63. A. accessing B. texting C. discovering D. watching64. A. on the whole B. as a result C. in other words D. by all means65. A. flexible B. important C. difficult D. incredibleSection BDirections:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Sebastian Faulks has written many novels, including Devil May Care, the latest James Bond book. This cutting comes from a very different kind of novel called Charlotte Gray. The setting is a transit(中转)camp near Paris during the Second World War, where a group of people, including two small children, Andre and Jacob, await transport to take them to a concentration camp outside France. Although these people –the ‘deportees’ of the cutting – are not fully aware of this, they face certain death.The Last NightAndre was lying on the floor when a man came with postcards on which the deportees might write a final message. He advised them to leave them at the station or throw them from the train as camp orders forbade access to the post. Two or three pencils that had survived the camps search were passed round among the people in the room. Some wrote with weeping passion, some with great care, as though their safety, or at least the way in which they were remembered, depended upon their choice of words.A woman came with a sandwich for each child to take on the journey. She also had a bucket of water, round which they gathered, holding out food cans they passed from one to another. One of the older boys hugged her in his gratitude, but the bucket was soon empty. When she was gone, there were only the small hours of the night to go through. Andre was lying on the straw, and Jacob leaned close to him for warmth.Five buses had come in through the main entrance, and now stood trembling in the corner of the yard. At a long table … the commandant of the camp himself sat with a list of names that another policeman was calling out in alphabetical order. Andre heard his name and moved with Jacob towards the bus. From the other side of the courtyard, from windows open on the dawn, a shower of food was thrown towards them by women crying and calling out their names.Andre looked up, and in a chance angle of light he saw a woman’s face in which the eyes were fixed with terrible fierceness on a child beside him. Why did she stare as though she hated him? Then it came to Andre that she was not looking in hatred, but had kept her eyes so intensely open in order to fix the picture of her child in her mind. She was looking to remember, for ever. …66. What can we learn from the first part of the passage?A. The background and the situation of World War II.B. The transit camp and the transportation in Paris.C. The author, the setting and the main characters.D. The main idea and the names on the list.67. Which of the following is true about the things going on in the transit camp?A. The deportees were eager to leave their final messages.B. A humble breakfast was served to children late that morning.C. Andre happened to witness the deportees’ routine camp life.D. The camp commandant stood by a long table calling the roll.68. The woman stared at her child fiercely probably because ______.A. she found her child was trembling and crying for foodB. she thought she would never see her child any moreC. she was filled with an attempt to escape from deathD. she was driven mad by the life in the transit camp69. The author told the story in a(n) ______ tone.A. casualB. desperateC. hatredD. innocent(B)What we doEFP Courses provide courses in English language and Britishculture. Our courses are aimed at students aged between 12 and 17who are at pre-intermediate level or above in English. The courses areheld in Guildford, a historic town near London.Typical structure of a one-week courseup to 25 hours of English run by native speakers, qualified in teaching English as a foreign language and specialist drama teachers2 full-day sightseeing trips to London and Oxford (at weekends)full board (全食宿) with local, English-speaking familiesWhen we run the coursesEFP courses can be organized only during British state school terms. For this academic year, courses can be booked between now and 23 May and between 30 May and 30 June. We welcome you to book from 3 September 2016 to 25 October 2016 and from 31 October to 20 December 2016.Why choose EFP coursesin addition to our standard English classes, we also run drama and expression English classes, taught by specialist drama teacherswe expose our students to British culture for the entire length of the coursewe tailor courses to each group’s needs, creating a unique experience for our students. Note that any changes to our courses are made within reason and only if all participants from a group share the same language level. Please see further details on our website.Length of a courseEFP courses run for either one or two weeks depending on the specific requirements for your group.How to applyPlease register your interest by sending an email to info@. By contacting us before you make any travel arrangements you ensure that we can put your group up on the dates that you require. For more details, please visit .See you in Guildford soon!70. What does the leaflet tell us about EFP courses?A.Their target students are teenagers of all English levels.B. They are available on the school campuses in London and Oxford.C. Every individual participant is supplied with tailored language support.D. They involve students in British culture activities during the whole course.71. Suppose you are to take EFP courses this academic year, you can ______.A. hand in an application by visiting their websiteB. enjoy a special series of lessons for a whole school termC. experience English dramas with English-speaking familiesD. make a reservation from October 31 to December 2072. The purpose of this writing is to ______.A. attract qualified teachers to EFP coursesB. demonstrate the popularity of EFP coursesC. offer group students access to EFP coursesD. illustrate the importance of EFP courses(C)Lindsay Renwick, the mayor of Deniliquin, a country town in New South Wales, misses the constant whir (嗡嗡声) of the rice mill whose giant fans dried the rice. The Deniliquin mill, the largest rice mill in the Southern Hemisphere (南半球), once processed enough grain to meet the needs of 20 million people globally. But six years of drought have had a destructiv e effect, reducing Australia’s rice crop by 98 percent and leading to the mothballing of the mill last December.Drought affects every agriculture industry based in Australia, not just rice – from sheep farming, the country’s other backbone, to the cultiv ation of grapes for wine, the fastest-growing crop there, with that expansion often coming at the expense of rice. The drought’s effect on rice has produced the greatest impact on the rest of the world, so far. It is one factor contributing to skyrocketing prices, and many scientists believe it is among the earliest signs that a warming planet is starting to affect food production.Researchers are looking for solutions to global rice shortages –for example, rice that blooms earlier in the day, when it is cooler, to fight against global warming. Rice plants that happen to bloom on hot days are less likely to produce grains of rice, a difficulty that is already starting to emerge in inland areas of China and other Asian countries as temperatures begin to cli mb. ―There will be problems very soon unless we have new varieties of rice in place,‖ said Reiner Wassmann, climate change director at the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI). The recent reports on climate change carried a warning that could make the news even worse: that existing models for the effects of climate change on agriculture did not yet include newer findings that global warming could reduce rainfall and make it more variable.Yet the effects of climate change are not uniformly bad for rice. Rising concentrations (浓度) of carbon dioxide, the main greenhouse gas, can actually help rice –although the effect reduces or disappears if the plants face unnecessary heat, inadequate water, severe pollution or other stresses. Still, the flexibility of farmers here has persuaded some climate experts that, particularly in developed countries, the effects of climate change may be relieved, if not completely avoided. ―I’m not as negative as most people,‖ said Will Steffen, director of the Fenner School of Environment and Society at Australian National University. ―Farmers are learning how to do things differently.‖Meanwhile, changes like the use of water to grow wine grapes instead of rice carry their own costs, as the developing world is discovering. ―Rice is an essential food,‖ said Graeme Haley, the general manager of the town of Deniliquin. ―W ine is not.‖73. By ―the mothballing of the mill‖ (in Paragraph 1) the author mos t probably means the mill is______.A. kept unprocessedB. left unusedC. being entirely restoredD. being pushed round74. To find the ways to cope with the global rice shortage, researchers are ______.A. seeking new types of rice which could bloom at a lower temperatureB. building greenhouses which could provide more heat for rice to growC. studying climate changes in China which may affect rice growing in AsiaD. looking for alternative agriculture industries which may take the place of rice75. Which of the following can be learned from the passage?A. Rice plants are fond of higher temperature in the process of growing.B. Global warming has shown few signs of influence on agriculture.C. Rice prices are rising steadily owing to the crop failure in Australia.D. Global warming may contribute to more complicated weather conditions.76. It can be inferred from the passage that ______.A. Australia is the largest rice producing country around the worldB. most people look on the bright side of the flexibility of farmersC. climate c hanges have simply brought negative effects to people’s livesD. wine grape cultivation has threatened the rice production in Australia77. Which of the following best serves as the title of the passage?A. Rice shortage and wine boomB. Drought, the enemy of rice productionC. Rice crisis and its solutionD. Rice issue, a focus of the public attentionSection CDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.What colour is it today? What shape is that smell? What does that pain sound like? These questions might seem like nonsense, but four people in 100 might think they make perfect sense. That four percent have synesthesia, and they naturally experience certain senses together. One form of this is pairing numbers or letters with a fixed colour –a blue ―1‖ or a red ―D.‖ Other synesthetes, people with synest hesia, may think the word ―hurricane‖ tastes salty. Yet others with ―mirror-touch synesthesia‖ see someone hit on the head and also feel the hit themselves.Synesthesia is not completely understood though it is in our genes. The white matter (脑白质) of synesthetes is organized differently from that of people without synesthesia, which may account for the differences in perception (感知). Synesthesia is widely accepted and researched today, but that hasn’t always been true. Though it caught scientific interest in the late 1800s, it was later rejected as a self-created way of thinking. But as people have become more fascinated by the differences in individual perception, a focus on synesthesia has been renewed. At the present time, scientists in various fields are examining the phenomenon.As scientists continue to study synesthesia, certain advantages have been noticed. Studies show that the sensation connections that synesthetes experience aid them in abilities related to memory. Researchers believe that this advantage may help stop the loss of cognitive(认知) function in the elderly. This aspect of synesthesia could even help patients recover from brain injuries. Synesthetes also tend to be artists, singers Pharrell Williams and Lady Gaga being some famous examples. Most likely, synesthesia doesn’t give artistic sensitivity, but it’s understandable that seeing colours in music, for instance, could inspire art.Strong drugs and increasing blindness have been known to cause synesthesia, but these are not good options for obvious reasons. One recent emphasis of the study of synesthesia is to determine whether non-synesthetes can acquire it. For now, the University of East London is training adults to establish letter-colour connections for memory improvement to some effect. It may not be long before words taste like our favourite foods and our favourite songs look like fireworks.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS.)78. According to the passage synesthetes are those __________________.79. Why do synesthetes have sensation connections while the others don’t?80. What groups of people might profit from synesthesia according to the third paragraph?81. Scientists are training adults to establish letter-colour connections to prove the possibility that__________________.第II卷(共47分)I. TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1. 自上周起,孩子们就兴奋地聊着出游的打算了。