2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（北京卷）
英语
（考试时间：100分钟试卷满分：120分）
考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。
考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）
第一节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
第一节语法填空（共10小题：每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
A
On the first day of my first grade,I stood by the door with butterflies in my stomach.I1（voice）my biggest concern to my mother.＂How will I make friends?＂She handed me advice.＂Be yourself.＂For the past20years.I have lived by these words.Soon I will graduate and become part of the real world.Nervously2（face）challenges,I know I will whisper to3（I）the two simple words＂Be yourself＂.
B
Earth Day,4（mark）on22April,is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness about environmental protection.First celebrated51970,the Day now includes events in more than190countries and regions（地区）.No matter what you like to do,there is a way to get involved in various6（activity）on Earth Day.You can plant a tree,make a meal with locally grown vegetables,or save power—the possibilities are endless.
C
Does the name of the college you attend really matter?Research on the question7（suggest）that,for most students,it doesn’t.What students do at college seems to matter much more than8they go.The students benefitting most from college are those9are totally engaged（参与）in academic life,taking full advantage of the college’s chances and resources（资源）.Students should have a proper attitude towards college before thinking about which college to attend,and it’s never too early to make necessary preparations for a healthy
and10（meaning）college experience.
第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Regardless of the weather or the distance,Paul Wilson will make sure low-income students in his neighbourhood arrive at their college classes on time.
A retired engineer,76-year-old Wilson has been11free rides to college students for the past eight years.Since he first started12his car to the young people.Wilson has13am astonishing64,000miles, and has had countless pleasant and often humorous14with the students he transports to and from school. The students who he’s15have gone on to become physicians,teachers and engineers,but what they’ve also got out of their time in school is finding a role model and a friend in Wilson.Some students16call him
＂Grandpa＂.
Tina Stern17rides from Wilson for all her four years in college,and the trips meant much more to her than just free18."It’s not just a ride；you’re not just sitting there in19silence or with your headphones on.＂Stern said.＂He asks you questions and actually20the answers,so the next time you ride with him, he’ll21those things."
Wilson first worked as a driver through a student-support programme of the non-profit organization,On Point for College.Although the22asks the members only to drive students to and from their classes,Wilson often goes23to ensure the welfare and safety of the students.If they have problems with registration.
Wilson is there to24them.If they run out of certain daily necessities.Wilson will drive to the nearest store and purchase what’s needed.If a student gets hungry on the long drives to and from school,Wilson never 25to buy them a meal.
For many students,Wilson’s help is not only appreciated,it’s also entirely26for them to be able to complete their college education.Some students don’t have a reliable car,while others have to27vehicles with parents who work six days a week.For them,riding with Wilson has28them to complete their education—but according to Wilson,he benefits just as much from the29.＂I just love driving and I love these kids,"Wilson said."It’s such a（n）30to be a part of these kids’lives,even just for a few hours,getting to know them and hearing their stories."
11.A.linking B.sending C.offering D.distributing
12.A.donating B.lending C.delivering D.volunteering
13.A.paved B.covered C.measured D.wandered
14.A.arguments B.interviews C.negotiations D.conversations
15.A.met B.driven C.addressed D.greeted
16.A.even B.ever C.once D.already
17.A.earned B.received C.assessed D.demanded
18.A.transportation B.style C.time https://www.doczj.com/doc/872929556.html,munication
19.A.forced B.awkward C.ridiculous D.suspicious
20.A.selects B.recites C.guesses D.remembers
21.A.act on B.settle on C.check on D.agree on
22.A.club B.league C.college D.programme
23.A.far B.around C.beyond D.forwards
24.A.assist B.watch C.urge D.warn
25.A.expects B.attempts C.manages D.hesitates
26.A.extra B.unusual C.necessary D.adequate
27.A.share B.fuel C.repair D.exchange
28.A.required B.allowed C.reminded D.convinced
29.A.experience B.arrangement C.appreciation D.employment
30.A.effort B.ambition C.privilege D.convenience
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Want to explore new cultures,meet new people and do something worthwhile at the same time?You can do all the three with Global Development Association（GDA）.Whatever stage of life you’re at,wherever you go and whatever project you do in GDA,you’ll create positive changes in a poor and remote community（社区）.
We work with volunteers of all ages and backgrounds.Most of our volunteers are aged17-24.Now we need volunteer managers aged25-75.They are extremely important in the safe and effective running of our programmes. We have such roles as project managers,mountain leaders,and communication officers.
Depending on which role you choose,you could help to increase a community’s access to safe drinking water, or help to protect valuable local cultures.You might also design an adventure challenge to train young volunteers.
Not only will you help our young volunteers to develop personally,you’ll also learn new skills and increase your cultural awareness.You may have chances to meet new people who’ll become your lifelong friends.
This summer we have both4-week and7-week programmes：
Country
Schedule
4-week programmes7-week programmes
Algeria5Jul.—1Aug.20Jun.—7Aug.
Egypt24Jul.—20Aug.19Jun.—6Aug.
Kenya20Jul.—16Aug.18Jun.—5Aug.
South Africa2Aug.—29Aug.15Jun.—2Aug.
GDA ensures that volunteers work with community members and local project partners where our help is needed.All our projects aim to promote the development of poor and remote communities.
There is no other chance like a GDA programme.Join us as a volunteer manager to develop your own skills while bringing benefits to the communities.
Find out more about joining a GDA programme:
Website:https://www.doczj.com/doc/872929556.html,
Email:humanresources@https://www.doczj.com/doc/872929556.html,
31.What is the main responsibility of volunteer managers?
A.To seek local partners.
B.To take in young volunteers.
C.To carry out programmes.
D.To foster cultural awareness.
32.The programme beginning in August will operate in.
A.Egypt
B.Algeria
C.Kenya
D.South Africa
33.The shared goal of GDA’s projects is to.
A.explore new cultures
B.protect the environment
C.gain corporate benefits
D.help communities in need
B
Alice Moore is a teenager entrepreneur（创业者）,who in May2015set up her business AilieCandy.By the time she was13,her company was worth millions of dollars with the invention of a super-sweet treat that could
save kids’teeth,instead of destroying them.
It all began when Moore visited a bank with her dad.On the outing,she was offered a candy bar.However, her dad reminded her that sugary treats were bad for her teeth.But Moore was sick of missing out on candies.So she desired to get round the warning,"Why can’t I make a healthy candy that’s good for my teeth so that my parents can’t say no to it?"With that in mind,Moore asked her dad if she could start her own candy company.He recommended that she do some research and talk to dentists about what a healthier candy would contain.
With her dad’s permission,she spent the next two years researching online and conducting trials to get a recipe that was both tasty and tooth-friendly.She also approached dentists to learn more about teeth cleaning. Consequently,she succeeded in making a kind of candy only using natural sweeteners,which can reduce oral bacteria.
Moore then used her savings to get her business of the ground.Afterwards,she and her father secured their first business meeting with a supermarket owner,who finally agreed to sell Moore’s product—CanCandy.
As CanCandy’s success grows,so does Moore’s credibility as a young entrepreneur.Moore is enthusiastic about the candy she created,and she’s also positive about what the future might bring.She hopes that every kid can have a clean mouth and a broad smile.
Meanwhile,with her parents’help,Moore is generally able to live a normal teenage life.Although she founded her company early on in life,she wasn’t driven primarily by profit.Moore wants to use her unique talent to help others find their smiles.She donates10%of AilieCandy’s profits to Big Smiles.With her talent and determination,it appears that the sky could be the limit for Alice Moore.
34.How did Moore react to her dad’s warning?
A.She argued with him.
B.She tried to find a way out.
C.She paid no attention.
D.She chose to consult dentists.
35.What is special about CanCandy?
A.It is beneficial to dental health.
B.It is free of sweeteners.
C.It is sweeter than other candies.
D.It is produced to a dentists’recipe.
36.What does Moore expect from her business?
A.To earn more money.
B.To help others find smiles.
C.To make herself stand out.
D.To beat other candy companies.
37.What can we learn from Alice Moore’s story?
A.Fame is a great thirst of the young.
B.A youth is to be regarded with respect.
C.Positive thinking and action result in success.
D.Success means getting personal desires satisfied.
C
The problem of robocalls has gotten so bad that many people now refuse to pick up calls from numbers they don’t know.By next year,half of the calls we receive will be scams（欺诈）.We are finally waking up to the severity of the problem by supporting and developing a group of tools,apps and approaches intended to prevent scammers from getting through.Unfortunately,it’s too little,too late.By the time these＂solutions"（解决方案）become widely available,scammers will have moved onto cleverer means.In the near future,it’s not just going to be the number you see on your screen that will be in doubt.Soon you will also question whether the voice you’re hearing is actually real.
That’s because there are a number of powerful voice manipulation(处理)and automation technologies that are about to become widely available for anyone to use.At this year’s I/O Conference,a company showed a new voice technology able to produce such a convincing human-sounding voice that it was able to speak to a receptionist and book a reservation without detection.
These developments are likely to make our current problems with robocalls much worse.The reason that robocalls are a headache has less to do with amount than precision.A decade of data breaches（数据侵入）of personal information has led to a situation where scammers can easily learn your mother’s name,and far more. Armed with this knowledge,they’re able to carry out individually targeted campaigns to cheat people.This means, for example,that a scammer could call you from what looks to be a familiar number and talk to you using a voice that sounds exactly like your bank teller’s,tricking you into"confirming"your address,mother’s name,and card number.Scammers follow money,so companies will be the worst hit.A lot of business is still done over the phone, and much of it is based on trust and existing relationships.Voice manipulation technologies may weaken that
gradually.
We need to deal with the insecure nature of our telecom networks.Phone carriers and consumers need to work together to find ways of determining and communicating what is real.That might mean either developing a uniform way to mark videos and images,showing when and who they were made by,or abandoning phone calls altogether and moving towards data-based communications—using apps like FaceTime or WhatsApp,which can be tied to your identity.
Credibility is hard to earn but easy to lose,and the problem is only going to get harder from here on out.
38.How does the author feel about the solutions to problem of robocalls?
A.Panicked.
B.Confused.
C.Embarrassed.
D.Disappointed.
39.Taking advantage of the new technologies,scammers can___________.
A.aim at victims precisely
B.damage databases easily
C.start campaigns rapidly
D.spread information widely
40.What does the passage imply?
A.Honesty is the best policy.
B.Technologies can be double-edged.
C.There are more solutions than problems.
D.Credibility holds the key to development.
41.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
A.Where the Problem of Robocalls Is Rooted
B.Who Is to Blame for the Problem of Robocalls
C.Why Robocalls Are About to Get More Dangerous
D.How Robocalls Are Affecting the World of Technology
D
By the end of the century,if not sooner,the world’s oceans will be bluer and greener thanks to a warming climate,according to a new study.
At the heart of the phenomenon lie tiny marine microorganisms（海洋微生物）called phytoplankton.Because of the way light reflects off the organisms,these phytoplankton create colourful patterns at the ocean surface. Ocean colour varies from green to blue,depending on the type and concentration of phytoplankton.Climate change will fuel the growth of phytoplankton in some areas,while reducing it in other spots,leading to changes in the
ocean’s appearance.
Phytoplankton live at the ocean surface,where they pull carbon dioxide（二氧化碳）into the ocean while giving off oxygen.When these organisms die,they bury carbon in the deep ocean,an important process that helps to regulate the global climate.But phytoplankton are vulnerable to the ocean’s warming trend.Warming changes key characteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton growth,since they need not only sunlight and carbon dioxide to grow,but also nutrients.
Stephanie Dutkiewicz,a scientist in MIT’s Center for Global Change Science,built a climate model that projects changes to the oceans throughout the century.In a world that warms up by3℃,it found that multiple changes to the colour of the oceans would occur.The model projects that currently blue areas with little phytoplankton could become even bluer.But in some waters,such as those of the Arctic,a warming will make conditions riper for phytoplankton,and these areas will turn greener.＂Not only are the quantities of phytoplankton in the ocean changing,＂she said,＂but the type of phytoplankton is changing.＂And why does that matter?Phytoplankton are the base of the food web.If certain kinds begin to disappear from the ocean,Dutkiewicz said,＂it will change the type of fish that will be able to survive.＂Those kinds of changes could affect the food chain.
Whatever colour changes the ocean experiences in the coming decades will probably be too gradual and unnoticeable,but they could mean significant changes.＂It’ll be a while before we can statistically show that the changes are happening because of climate change,＂Dutkiewicz said,＂but the change in the colour of the ocean will be one of the early warning signals that we really have changed our planet.＂
42.What are the first two paragraphs mainly about?
A.The various patterns at the ocean surface.
B.The cause of the changes in ocean colour.
C.The way light reflects off marine organisms.
D.The efforts to fuel the growth of phytoplankton.
43.What does the underlined word＂vulnerable＂in Paragraph3probably mean?
A.Sensitive.
B.Beneficial.
C.Significant.
D.Unnoticeable.
44.What can we learn from the passage?
A.Phytoplankton play a declining role in the marine ecosystem.
B.Dutkiewicz’s model aims to project phytoplankton changes.
C.Phytoplankton have been used to control global climate.
D.Oceans with more phytoplankton may appear greener.
45.What is the main purpose of the passage?
A.To assess the consequences of ocean colour changes.
B.To analyse the composition of the ocean food chain.
C.To explain the effects of climate change on oceans.
D.To introduce a new method to study phytoplankton.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Much of the work in today’s world is accomplished（完成）in teams.Most people believe the best way to build a great team is to gather a group of the most talented individuals.46Companies spend millions hiring top business people.Is their money well spent?
47They focused on football,basketball and baseball.The results are mixed.For football and basketball,adding talented players to a team proves a good method,but only up to the point where70%of the players are top talent;above that level,the team’s performance begins to decline.Interestingly,this trend isn’t evident in baseball,where additional individual talent keeps improving the team’s performance.
To explain this phenomenon,the researchers explored the degree to which a good performance by a team requires its members to coordinate（协调）their actions.48In baseball,the performance of individual players is less dependent on teammates.They conclude that when task interdependence is high,team performance will suffer when there is too much talent,while individual talent will have positive effects on team performance when task interdependence is lower.If a basketball star is,for example,trying to gain a high personal point total,he may take a shot himself when it would be better to pass the ball to a teammate,affecting the team’s performance. Young children learning to play team sports are often told,＂There is no I in TEAM.＂49 Another possibility is that when there is a lot of talent on a team,some players may make less effort.Just as in a game of tug-of-war（拔河比赛）,whenever a person is added,everyone else pulls the rope with less force.
50.An A-team may require a balance—not just A players,but a few generous B players as well.
A.It’s not a simple matter to determine the nature of talent.
B.Sports team owners spend millions of dollars attracting top talent
C.The group interaction and its effect drew the researchers’attention.
D.Stars apparently do not follow this basic principle of sportsmanship.
E.Several recent studies examined the role of talent in the sports world.
F.Building up a dream team is more complex than simply hiring the best talent.
G.This task interdependence distinguishes baseball from football and basketball.
第三部分：书面表达（共两节，35分）
第一节(15分)
假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你的英国好友Jim打算暑假期间来北京、天津和上海旅游，发来邮件询问相关信息。请你给他回复邮件，内容包括：
1.交通出行；
2.必备衣物。
注意：
1.词数不少于50；
2.开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim，
____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
(请务必将作文写在答题卡指定区域内)
第二节（20分）
假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你们班上周组织了一次以＂劳动最光荣＂为主题的社会实践活动。请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，写一篇英文周记，记述整个过程。
注意：词数不少于60。
提示词：西瓜watermelon
(请务必将作文写在答题卡指定区域内)
2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试
英语（北京卷）参考答案
第一部分知识运用（共两节，45分）
第一节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
1.voiced
2.facing
3.myself
4.marked
5.in
6.activities
7.suggests/suggested/has suggested
8.where
9.who/that10.meaningful
第二部分阅读理解
11.C12.D13.B14.D15.B
16.A17.B18.A19.B20.D
21.C22.D23.C24.A25.D
26.C27.A28.B29.A30.C
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）
31.C32.D33.D34.B35.A
36.B37.C38.D39.A40.B
41.C42.B43.A44.D45.C
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
46.B47.E48.G49.D50.F
第三部分书面表达（共两节，35分）
第一节（15分）
One possible version:
Dear Jim,
I’m pleased that you’re coming to tour in China.
I suggest that you begin from Beijing,and I’ll show you around.Tianjin will be your next stop. After that,you can go to Shanghai,where you can stay for a week.You can take high-speed trains to both cities.
Summer in these cities is hot and rainy,so take summer wear plus an umbrella with you.
Looking forward to your arrival.
Yours,
Li Hua 第二节（20分）
一、内容要点
1.宣传动员
2.准备行李
3.体验劳动
4.回家分享
二、范文
One possible version:
Last week I took part in a farmwork programme in the suburbs.
At the class meeting,our teacher told us about the programme with the theme“Working is most beautiful”.And he stressed the importance of working with our own hands.
When I got home,I packed up my luggage for the trip.
On the farm,we helped pick watermelons.While working,I realised how hard it was to work in the fields under a hot sun.
When I came back home,I shared my experiences with my parents.And they were very proud of me.
湖北省2019年高考英语试题及答案 （满分150分，考试时间120分钟） 第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到 答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题 1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. ￡19.15. B. ￡9.18. C. ￡9.15. 答案是C。 1. Where does this conversation take place? A. In a classroom. B. In a hospital. C.In a museum. 2. What does Jack want to do? A. Take fitness classes. B. Buy a pair of gym shoes. C. Change his work schedule. 3. What are the speakers talking about? A. What to drink. B. Where to meet. C. When to leave. 4. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Colleges. B. Classmates. C. Strangers. 5. Why is Emily mentioned in the conversation? A. She might want a ticket. B. She is looking for the man. C. She has an extra ticket. 第二节（共15小题，每小题 1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
2019年6月普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(浙江卷) 英语答案解析 第一部分听力 1.【答案】B 2.【答案】A 3.【答案】B 4.【答案】C 5.【答案】A 6.【答案】C 7.【答案】B 8.【答案】A 9.【答案】C 10.【答案】C 11.【答案】B 12.【答案】A 13.【答案】C 14.【答案】A 15.【答案】B 16.【答案】A 17.【答案】C 18.【答案】B 19.【答案】A 20.【答案】C 第二部分阅读理解 第一节 A 【文章大意】文章主要介绍了Zachariah Fike为“军功章”寻找其真正的主人的故事。 21.【答案】A 【解析】根据第二段中的"he earned one himself in a war as a soldier"可知，Zac曾经在战场上获得过紫心勋章，故选A项。 【考点】细节理解 22.【答案】B 【解析】根据第三段中的"she called Zac back...To drive eight hours to come to see me"可推知，Adeline 很在意这枚勋章，故选B项。 【考点】推理判断 23.【答案】D
【解析】根据倒数第二段中的"Adeline couldn't understand.…missed my brother more and more...the only thing we had left"可知，这枚紫心勋章代表着Adeline对在战场上牺牲的兄弟的深切怀念和记忆，故选 D项。 B 【文章大意】文章介绍了Tyler Bridges发起的一个项目，让有能力的人捐助钱财，让需要的人自取钱财，而这个项目的宗旨是让人们能够互相帮助。 24.【答案】C 【解析】根据下文的内容并结合木板上写的"Give What You Can, Take What You Need"可知，附在木板上的钱是可以随意取的，并不附带任何条件，故选C项。 【考点】句意理解 25.【答案】B 【解析】根据第二段的内容，尤其是"People of all ages, races..…even had a bride"可推知，作者提到新娘参与该活动来说明参与人员的多样性，故选B项。 【考点】推理判断 26.【答案】D 【解析】根据倒数第二段第一句中的"Bridges said the only goal was to show generosity and sympathy"并结合全文内容可知，Bridges开展这个活动的目的在于传递“慷慨和同情之心”，故选D项。 【考点】细节理解 C 【文章大意】文章主要讲述了美国加利福尼亚州的森林中大树急剧减少的现象，并分析了其原因。 27.【答案】A 【解析】根据文章第二段中"The number of trees...declined by 50 percent...more than 55 percent (75) percent"提到的数字可知，该段主要描述了加州森林中大树急剧减少的严重性，故选A项。 【考点】段落大意 28.【答案】D 【解析】根据第三段中的"Aggressive wildfire control..…compete with big trees for resources(资源)“可知，声势浩大的森林防火措施虽然一定程度上保护了森林，但同时也导致小树泛滥，与大树争抢资源，从而导致大树数量减少，故选D项。 【考点】推理判断 29.【答案】C 【解析】根据最后一段中的"Since the 1930s, Mclntyre said.…have been rising temperatures...reduces the water supply"可知，Mclntyre认为水资源短缺的主要原因是逐渐上升的气温，故选C项。 【考点】细节理解 30.【答案】A 【解析】根据全文可知，文章主要讲述了美国加州森林中大树数量急剧下降的现象，并分析了其原
2018年高考生物试题北京卷 1．细胞膜的选择透过性保证了细胞内相对稳定的微环境。下列物质中，以（自由）扩散方式通过细胞膜的是 A．Na+B．二氧化碳C．RNA D．胰岛素 2．哺乳动物肝细胞的代谢活动十分旺盛，下列细胞结构与对应功能表述有误 ．．的是A．细胞核：遗传物质储存与基因转录B．线粒体：丙酮酸氧化与ATP合成 C．高尔基体：分泌蛋白的合成与加工D．溶酶体：降解失去功能的细胞组分 3．光反应在叶绿体类囊体上进行。在适宜条件下，向类囊体悬液中加入氧化还原指示剂DCIP，照光后DCIP由蓝色逐渐变为无色。该反应过程中 A．需要ATP提供能量B．DCIP被氧化 C．不需要光合色素参与D．会产生氧气 4．以下高中生物学实验中，操作不正确 ．．．的是 A．在制作果酒的实验中，将葡萄汁液装满整个发酵装置 B．鉴定DNA时，将粗提产物与二苯胺混合后进行沸水浴 C．用苏丹Ⅲ染液染色，观察花生子叶细胞中的脂肪滴（颗粒） D．用龙胆紫染液染色，观察洋葱根尖分生区细胞中的染色体 5．用Xho I和Sal I两种限制性核酸内切酶分别处理同一DNA片段，酶切位点及酶切产物分 离结果如图。以下叙述不正确 ．．．的是 A．图1中两种酶识别的核苷酸序列不同 B．图2中酶切产物可用于构建重组DNA C．泳道①中是用Sal I处理得到的酶切产物 D．图中被酶切的DNA片段是单链DNA
29．（17分） 癌症是当前严重危害人类健康的重大疾病。研究人员利用与癌细胞在某些方面具有相似性的诱导多能干细胞（iPSC）进行了抗肿瘤的免疫学研究。 （1）癌细胞具有无限的特点。当体内出现癌细胞时，可激发机体的系统发挥清除作用。 （2）研究人员进行的系列实验如下： 免疫组小鼠：每周注射1次含失去增殖活性的iPSC悬液，连续4周； 空白组小鼠：每周注射1次不含失去增殖活性的iPSC的缓冲液，连续4周。 实验一：取免疫组和空白组小鼠的血清分别与iPSC、DB7（一种癌细胞）和MEF（一种正常体细胞）混合，检测三种细胞与血清中抗体的结合率，结果见下表。 ①比较表中iPSC与两组小鼠血清作用的结果可知，免疫组的数值明显空白 组的数值，说明iPSC刺激小鼠产生了特异性抗体。 ②表中DB7和iPSC与免疫组小鼠血清作用后的检测数据无明显差异，说明DB7 有。 ③综合表中全部数据，实验结果表明。 实验二：给免疫组和空白组小鼠皮下注射DB7，一周后皮下形成肿瘤。随后空白组小鼠肿瘤体积逐渐增大，免疫组小鼠肿瘤体积逐渐缩小。由此推测：iPSC还 能刺激机体产生特异性抗肿瘤的免疫。 （3）研究人员另取小鼠进行实验，验证了上述推测。下图为实验组的实验过程及结果示意图。请在下图中选择A或B填入④处，从C～F中选择字母填入①～③处。 （4）该系列研究潜在的应用前景是iPSC可以用于。 30．（17分） 水稻是我国最重要的粮食作物。稻瘟病是由稻瘟病菌（Mp）侵染水稻引起的病害，严重危害我国粮食生产安全。与使用农药相比，抗稻瘟病基因的利用是控制稻瘟病更加有效、安全和经济的措施。 （1）水稻对Mp表现出的抗病与感病为一对相对。为判断某抗病水稻是否为纯合子，可通过观察自交子代来确定。
2019年高考英语试题及答案（全国1卷） 2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语 本试卷分第一卷（选择题）和第二卷（非选择题）两部分。 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一卷 注意事项： 1. 答第一卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在本试卷和答题卡相对应的位置上。 2. 选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对于题目的答案标 号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。 第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两 分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。 听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回来有关小题和 阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. ￡19.15. B. ￡9.15 C. ￡9.18. 答案是B。 1. What does the man like about the play?
A.The story. B.The ending. C.The actor. 2.Which place are the speakers trying to find? A.A hotel. B.A bank. C.A restaurant. 3.At what time will the two speakers meet? A. 5:20 B. 5:10 C.4:40 4.what will the man do ? A.Change the plan B.Wait for a phone call C.Sort things out 5.What does the woman want to do ? A.See a film with the man. B. Offer the man some help C.Listen to some great music. 第二节（共15小题：每小题 1.5分，满分22.5分） 请听下面5段对话。每段对话后有几个小题，从题中所给出 的A、B、C三个选项种选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应 位置。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题。，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话读 两遍。 听第6段材料，回答6、7题。 6.Where is Ben？ A. In the kitchen. B. At school. C. In the park. 7.What will the children in the afternoon? A. Help set the table. B. Have a party. C. Do their homework. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题
绝密★启封并使用完毕前 2019最新全国高考理科综合试卷（含答案）
理科综合能力测试 本试卷共300分。考试时长150分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 可能用到的相对原子质量：H 1 C 12 N 14 O 16 第一部分（选择题共120分） 本部分共20小题，每小题6分，共120分。在每小题列出的四个选项中，选出最符合题目要求的一项。 1．细胞膜的选择透过性保证了细胞内相对稳定的微环境。 下列物质中，以（自由）扩散方式通过细胞膜的是A．Na+ B．二氧化碳 C．RNA D．胰岛素 2．哺乳动物肝细胞的代谢活动十分旺盛，下列细胞结构与对应功能表述有误 ．．的是 A．细胞核：遗传物质储存与基因转录 B．线粒体：丙酮酸氧化与ATP合成 C．高尔基体：分泌蛋白的合成与加工 D．溶酶体：降解失去功能的细胞组分 3．光反应在叶绿体类囊体上进行。在适宜条件下，向类囊
体悬液中加入氧化还原指示剂DCIP，照光后DCIP由蓝 色逐渐变为无色。该反应过程中 A．需要ATP提供能量 B．DCIP被氧化 C．不需要光合色素参与 D．会产生氧气 4．以下高中生物学实验中，操作不正确 ．．．的是 A．在制作果酒的实验中，将葡萄汁液装满整个发酵装置B．鉴定DNA时，将粗提产物与二苯胺混合后进行沸水浴C．用苏丹Ⅲ染液染色，观察花生子叶细胞中的脂肪滴（颗粒） D．用龙胆紫染液染色，观察洋葱根尖分生区细胞中的染色体 5．用Xho I和Sal I两种限制性核酸内切酶分别处理同一DNA 片段，酶切位点及酶切产物分离结果如图。以下叙述不． 正确 ．．的是
英语 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 听下面5 段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：Ho w much i s the sh i r t? B. Buy a pa i r o f gym shoes. C. Change h i s work schedu le. C.When to l eave. A. She migh t wan t a t i cke t. B. She i s look ing f or the man. C. She has an ex t ra t i cke t. 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选
项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答 时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 C. Re t i re f rom work . C. Bus iness admini s t ra t ion . C. Unders tand ing . B. Hos t ing a rad io program. B. Her l eaders ’ guidance . B. Her fa ther . C. Conduc t ing a job in te rv iew. C. Her f r i ends ’ he l p . C. Her mother . A. He lacks mot ivat ion . B. He has a hear t prob lem. C. He works a l l the t ime . C. He ’s a journa l i s t . C. To suppor t he r f ind ings . C. 75 minu tes . A. To encourage the man . B. To recom mend an exerc i se . 17. How much t ime wi l l the man probably spend exerc i s ing week ly? A. 300 minu tes . B. 150 minu te .
绝密★本科目考试启用前 2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 文科综合能力测试（北京卷） 本试卷共16页，共300分，考试时长150分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分（选择题共140分） 本部分共35小题，每小题4分，共140分。在每小题列出的四个选项中，选出最符合题目要求的一项。 2018年4月，川藏铁路成都至雅安段开始铺轨。读图1，回答第1-3题。 1．与成都相比，拉萨 A．日出早白昼长B．正午太阳高度角小 C．海拔高，日照强D．大气逆辐射强 2．图示区域 A．地处板块的生长边界B．河流的流向自西向东 C．自然景观为高寒荒漠D．跨地势第一、二级阶梯 3．川藏铁路开通后，能够 ①缓解青藏铁路运输压力②改善西藏物资供应 ③消除区域内灾害的影响④促进地域文化交流 A．①②③B．①②④C．①③④D．②③④ 图2为地的地质平面示意图，读图，回答第4题。
4．图中 A．甲处的物质主要来源于地壳B．断层发生在花岗岩形成之后C．岩浆侵入可能导致乙处岩石变质D．丙处的溶洞景观由岩浆活动造成读图3，回答第5题。 5．四个大洲中， A．甲地形复杂多样，中低产田多，农业生产技术落后 B．乙平原广，高纬地区受寒流影响强，港口封冻期长 C．丙纬度跨度大，地形中部高四周低，是水稻主产区 D．丁为高原大陆，人口自然增长率低，城市化水平高 图4为北半球某日02时海平面气压分布图（单位:百帕），读图，回答第6、7题。
6．据图推断 A．北京风速大，风向偏东南B．甲地可能出现强降水天气 C．极地气温低，气压值最高D．热带太平洋洋面生成台风 7．依据气压分布，该日最接近 A．冬至B．小满C．夏至D．立秋 随着汽车等工业产品的废弃量增加，主要利用废钢冶炼的电炉炼钢技术日渐普及。图5示意国外某流域的钢铁厂分布，读图，回答第8题。 8．甲、乙两类钢铁厂在区位选择上均靠近 ①铁矿②大城市③交通线路④钢铁消费量 A．①②B．③④C．①③D．②④ 在乡村振兴计划中某行政村拟修建的村史馆和培训中心分别位于该村西南部和东北部。该村东西宽2千米，南北长1千米，主干道从南向北穿过河流自东向西流经该村。读图6，回答第9题。
2019年英语高考试卷(全国卷1)试题及答案 英语 本试卷分第一卷(选择题)和第二卷(非选择题)两部分.第一卷1至14页.第二卷 15至16页.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回. 第一卷 注意事项： 1．答题前，考生在答题卡上务必用直径O．5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，并贴好条形码.请认真核准条形码上的准考证号、姓名和科目. 2．每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号，在试题卷上作答无效. 第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上.录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上. 第一节(共5小题；每小题1．5分，满分7．5分) 听下面5段对话.每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出 最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置.听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题．每段对话仅读一遍. 例：How much is the shirt? A．￡19．15．B．￡9．15．C．￡9．18． 答案是B． 1．What does the man like about the play? A．The story． B．The ending． C．The actor． 2、Which place are the speakers trying to find? A．hotel． B．bank． C．restaurant． 3．At what time will the two speakers meet? A．5：20． B．5：lO． C．4：40． 4．what will the man do? A．Change the plan． B．Wait for a phone call． C．Sort things out． 5．What does the woman want to do? A．See a film with the man．
绝密★启用前 2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 英语(北京卷) 第一部分:知识运用(共两节,45分) 第一节单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分,共15分) 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上:将该项涂黑。 1. ---Hi, I’m Peter. Are you new here? I haven’t seen you around？ ---Hello, Peter. I’m Bob. I just＿＿on Monday. A. start B. have started C. started D. had started 2. __________we don’t stop climate change, many animals and plants in the world will be gone. A. Although B. While C. If D. Until 3. __________along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience A. Travel B. Traveling C. Having traveled D. Traveled 4. Susan had quit her well-paid job and ________as a volunteer in the neighborhood. when I visited her last year A. is working B. was working C. has worked D. had worked 5. She and her family bicycle to work, __________ helps them keep fit A. which B. who C. as D. that 6. During the Mid-Autumn Festival, family members often gather together__________a meal, admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes. A. share B. to share C. having shared D. shared 7. China’s high-speed railways __________from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers in the past few years. A. are growing B. have grown C. will grow D. had grown 8. In any unsafe situation, simply ________the button and a highly-trained agent will get you the help you need. A. press B. to press C. pressing D. pressed 9. A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who __________in the mountains for two days. A. are trapping B. have been trapped C. were trapping D. had been trapped 10. Ordinary soap, __________correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively. A. used B. to use C. using D. use 11. Without his support, we wouldn’t be__________ we are now. A. how B. when C. where D. why 12. In today’s information age, the loss of data __________cause serious problems for a company. A. need B. should C. can D. must 13. They might have found a better hotel if they＿＿a few more kilometers. A. drove B. would drive C. were to drive D. had driven 14. ---Good morning, Mr. lee’s office. ---Good morning. I’d like to make an appointment __________next Wednesday afternoon. A. for B. on C. in D. at 15. This is__________my father has taught me-to always face difficulties and hope for the best. A. how B. which C. the D. what 第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）
2019年高考理综试卷（全国I卷）生物部分 一、选择题（36分） 1.细胞凋亡是细胞死亡的一种类型。下列关于人体中细胞凋亡的叙述，正确的是【】A：胎儿手的发育过程中不会发生细胞凋亡 B：小肠上皮细胞的自然更新过程中存在细胞凋亡现象 C：清除被病原体感染细胞的过程中不存在细胞凋亡现象 D：细胞凋亡是基因决定的细胞死亡过程，属于细胞坏死 2.用体外实验的方法可以合成多肽链，已知苯丙氨酸的密码子是UUU，若要在体外合成同位素标记的多肽链，所需的材料组合是【】 ①同位素标记的tRNA ②蛋白质合成所需的酶③同位素标记的苯丙氨酸 ④人工合成的多聚尿嘧啶核苷酸⑤除去了DNA和tRNA细胞裂解液 A：①②④B：②③④C：③④⑤D：①③⑤ 3.将一株质量为20g的黄瓜幼苗栽种光照等适宜的环境中，一段时间后植株达到40g，其增加的质量来自于【】 A：水、矿质元素和空气B：光、矿质元素和水 C：水、矿质元素和土壤D：光、矿质元素和空气 4.动物受到惊吓刺激时，兴奋经过反射弧中的传出神经作用于肾上腺髓质，使其分泌肾上腺素；兴奋还通过传出神经作用于心脏。下列相关叙述错误的是【】 A：兴奋是以电信号的形式在神经纤维上传导的 B：惊吓刺激可以作用于视觉、听觉或触觉感受器 C：神经系统可直接调节，也可通过内分泌活动间接调节心脏活动 D：肾上腺素分泌增加会使动物警觉性提高、呼吸频率减慢、心率减慢 5.某种二倍体高等植物的性别决定类型为XY型。该植物有宽叶和窄叶两种类型，宽叶对窄叶为显性。控制这对相对性状的基因（B/b）位于X染色体上，含有基因b的花粉不育。下列叙述错误的是【】 A：窄叶性状只能出现在雄株中，不可能出现在雌株中 B：宽叶雌株和宽叶雄株杂交，子代中可能出现窄叶雄株 C：宽叶雌株和窄叶雄株杂交，子代中既有雌株又有雄株 D：若亲本杂交后子代雄株均为宽叶，则亲本雌株是纯合子 6.某实验小组用细菌甲（异养生物）作为材料来探究不同条件下种群增长的特点。设计了三个实验组，每组接种相同数量的细菌甲后进行培养，培养过程中定时更新培养基，三组的更新时间间隔分别为3h、10h、23h，得到a、b、c三条种群增长曲线，如图所示。下列叙述错误的是【】 A：细菌甲能够将培养基中的有机物分解为无机物 B：培养基更换频率的不同，可用来表示环境资源量的不同 C：在培养到23h之前，a组培养基中的营养和空间条件都是充裕的 D：培养基更新时间间隔为23h时，种群增长不会出现Ｊ型增长阶段
Need a Job This Summer? The provincial government and its partners offer many programs to help students find summer jobs. The deadlines and what you need to apply depend on the program. Not a student? Go to the government website to learn about programs and online tools available to help people under 30 build skills find a job or start businesses all year round. Jobs for Youth If you are a teenager living in certain parts of the province you could be eligible（符合条件）for this program which provides eight weeks of paid employment along with training. Who is eligible: Youth 15—18 years old in select communities（社区）. Summer Company Summer Company provides students with hands-on business training and awards of up to $3000 to start and run their own summer businesses. Who is eligible: Students aged 15—29 returning to school in the fall. Stewardship Youth Ranger Program You could apply to be a Stewardship Youth Ranger and work on local natural resource management projects for eight weeks this summer. Who is eligible: Students aged 16 or 17 at time of hire but not turning 18 before December 31 this year. Summer Employment Opportunities（机会） Through the Summer Employment Opportunities program students are hired each year in a variety of summer positions across the Provincial Public Service its related agencies and community groups. Who is eligible: Students aged 15 or older. Some positions require students to be 15 to 24 or up to 29 for persons with a disability. 21. What is special about Summer Company? A. It requires no training before employment. B. It provides awards for running new businesses.
2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国卷I) 英语 注意事项: 1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例:How much is the shirt? A. ￡19.15. B. ￡9.18. C. ￡9.15. 答案是C。 1.Where does this conversation take place? A. In a classroom. B. In a hospital. C. In a museum. 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】此为听力题，解析略。 2.What does Jack want to do? A. Take fitness classes. B. Buy a pair of gym shoes. C. Change his work schedule. 【答案】A
【解析】 【详解】此为听力题，解析略。 3.What are the speakers talking about? A. What to drink. B. Where to meet. C. When to leave. 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】此为听力题，解析略。 4.What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Colleges. B. Classmates. C. Strangers. 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】此为听力题，解析略。 5.Why is Emily mentioned in the conversation? A. She might want a ticket. B. She is looking for the man. C. She has an extra ticket. 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】此为听力题，解析略。 第二节(共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。 6. How long did James run his business？
2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 理科综合能力测试 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。。 3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 可能用到的相对原子质量：H 1 C 12 N 14 O 16 Mg 24 S 32 Fe 56 Cu 64 一、选择题：本题共13个小题，每小题6分。共78分，在每小题给出的四个选项中，只有 一项是符合题目要求的。 1．细胞凋亡是细胞死亡的一种类型。下列关于人体中细胞凋亡的叙述，正确的是A．胎儿手的发育过程中不会发生细胞凋亡 B．小肠上皮细胞的自然更新过程中存在细胞凋亡现象 C．清除被病原体感染细胞的过程中不存在细胞凋亡现象 D．细胞凋亡是基因决定的细胞死亡过程，属于细胞坏死 2．用体外实验的方法可合成多肽链。已知苯丙氨酸的密码子是UUU，若要在体外合成同位素标记的多肽链，所需的材料组合是 ①同位素标记的tRNA ②蛋白质合成所需的酶 ③同位素标记的苯丙氨酸 ④人工合成的多聚尿嘧啶核苷酸 ⑤除去了DNA和mRNA的细胞裂解液 A．①②④ B．②③④ C．③④⑤ D．①③⑤ 3．将一株质量为20 g的黄瓜幼苗栽种在光照等适宜的环境中，一段时间后植株达到40 g，其增加的质量来自于
A．水、矿质元素和空气 B．光、矿质元素和水 C．水、矿质元素和土壤 D．光、矿质元素和空气 4．动物受到惊吓刺激时，兴奋经过反射弧中的传出神经作用于肾上腺髓质，使其分泌肾上腺素；兴奋还通过传出神经作用于心脏。下列相关叙述错误的是 A．兴奋是以电信号的形式在神经纤维上传导的 B．惊吓刺激可以作用于视觉、听觉或触觉感受器 C．神经系统可直接调节、也可通过内分泌活动间接调节心脏活动 D．肾上腺素分泌增加会使动物警觉性提高、呼吸频率减慢、心率减慢 5．某种二倍体高等植物的性别决定类型为XY型。该植物有宽叶和窄叶两种叶形，宽叶对窄叶为显性。控制这对相对性状的基因（B/b）位于X染色体上，含有基因b的花粉不育。下列叙述错误的是 A．窄叶性状只能出现在雄株中，不可能出现在雌株中 B．宽叶雌株与宽叶雄株杂交，子代中可能出现窄叶雄株 C．宽叶雌株与窄叶雄株杂交，子代中既有雌株又有雄株 D．若亲本杂交后子代雄株均为宽叶，则亲本雌株是纯合子 6．某实验小组用细菌甲（异养生物）作为材料来探究不同条件下种群增长的特点，设计了三个实验组，每组接种相同数量的细菌甲后进行培养，培养过程中定时更新培养基，三组的更新时间间隔分别为3 h、10 h、23 h，得到a、b、c三条种群增长曲线，如图所示。 下列叙述错误的是 A．细菌甲能够将培养基中的有机物分解成无机物
2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试卷3英语试题 第一部分：阅读理解(共两节，满分40 分) 第一节(共15 小题满分30 分〉 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A OPENINGS AND PREVIEWS Animals Out of Paper Yolo! Productions and the Great Griffon present the play by Rajiv Joseph, in which an origami (折纸术) artist invites a teenage talent and his teacher into her studio. Merri Milwe directs. In previews. Opens Feb. 12. (West Park Presbyterian Church, 165 W. 86th St. 212-868-4444.) The Audience Helen Mirren stars in the play by Peter Morgan, about Queen Elizabeth II of the UK and her private meetings with twelve Prime Ministers in the course of sixty years. Stephen Daldry directs. Also starring Dylan Baker and Judith Ivey. Previews begin Feb. 14. (Schoenfeld, 236 W. 45th St. 212-239-6200.) Hamilton Lin-Manuel Miranda wrote this musical about Alexander Hamilton, in which the birth of America is presented as an immigrant story. Thomas Kail directs. In previews. Opens Feb. 17. (Public, 425 Lafayette St. 2 12-967-7555.) On the Twentieth Century Kristin Chenoweth and Peter Gal1agher star in the musical comedy by Betty Comden and Adolph Green, about a Broadway producer who tries to win a movie star's love during a cross-country train journey. Scott El1is directs ,for Roundabout Theatre Company. Previews begin Feb. 12. (American Airlines Theatre, 227 W. 42nd St. 2-7 1300 1. What is the play by Rajiv Joseph probably about? A.A type of art. B. A teenager's studio. C. A great teacher.
2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 文科综合能力测试政治（北京卷） 第一部分（选择题共140分） 本部分共12小题，每小题4分，共48分。在每小题列出的四个选项中，选出最符合题目要求的一项。 1. 每年三四月间，居庸关长城附近山花盛放。市郊铁路S2线列车穿行于花海中，被称为“开往春大的列车”，吸引了大量踏青的游客，游客的涌入给森林消防和轨道交通带来了安全隐患，当地政府采取封山禁入措施，但效果不理想，于是转变思路，变堵为疏，着手规划建设花海列车观景平台。这一做法 ①履行了政府的市场监管职能，有利于建立良好市场秩序 ②自觉运用矛盾观点，创造条件，将风险点转化为共赢点 ③有利于满足人们的精神文化需求，带动当地旅游业发展 ④有利于开发该线路的经济价值，说明文化的力量来自于经济 A. ①③ B. ①④ C. ②③ D. ②④ 【答案】C 2. 山脊上，代表中华悠久文化的长城蜿蜒曲折：山腰间，詹天佑创造性设计的“人”字形铁路折回而上；地表下，运用当代中国先进技术建造的京张高铁穿行向前。为避免破坏沿线文物和环境，京张高铁建设者采用“精准微爆破”等所技术，在地下100多米建造隧道，做到施工地表零沉降，实现了高铁与环境和谐共存。下列分析正确的是 A. 京张高铁与“人”字形铁路是新旧事物的关系 B. 工程设计与施工水平的提高说明实践活动具有社会历史性
C. 建设者的创新意识是高铁成功建设的首要前提 D. 高铁与环境和谐共存体现了矛盾同一性是推动事物发展的动力 【答案】B 【解析】新事物是指符合事物发展规律具有强大生命力和远大发展前途的事物，旧事物是指违背事物发展规律没有强大生命力和远大发展前途的事物。把京张高铁与“人”字形铁路的关系看成是新旧事物的关系，说法错误，A排除；与“人”字形铁路相比较，京张高铁在工程设计与施工水平要高得多，这说明实践活动具有社会历史性，B正确；尊重客观规律是实践成功的前提和基础，C说法错误，排除；矛盾双方既对立又同一推动着事物的运动、变化、发展，D说法错误，排除。故本题选B。 3. 万古奔腾的长江，孕育着源远流长的中华文明，为全面展示新时代长江的自然风貌和文化景观，多位艺术家深入长江流域采风，创作了巨幅长卷《长江万里图》，该作品雄浑磅礴、风光万千，画出了一条中国人心中砥砺奋进的文化长河，《长江万里图》的创作 ①体现了自然性与人文性的统一 ②说明时代精神是艺术创新的泉 ③体现了创作者为祖国可山立传的文化自信 ④说明客观真实是评价艺术作品的根本标准 A. ①③ B. ①④ C. ②③ D. ②④ 【答案】A 【解析】为全面展示新时代长江的自然风貌和文化景观，多位艺术家深入长江流域采风，创作了巨幅长卷《长江万里图》，这说明《长江万里图》的创作体现了自然性与人文性的统一，①符合题意；该作品雄浑磅礴、风光万千，画出了一条中国人心中砥砺奋进的文化长河。这充分体现了创作者对中华文化的高度自信，③符合题意；社会实践是文化创新的源泉，②说法错误；社会实践是检验文化创新的根本标准，④说法错误，故本题选A。 4. “窗含西岭千秋雪”“玉窗五见樱桃花”。中国传统建筑中窗的设计，巧妙之处在于可以引进阳光、空气，为居室主人呈现大自然的馈赠，借助窗外的空间美，人的心灵之窗也被打开，“纳千顷之王汪洋，收四时之烂漫”。下列选项正确的有