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高中英语阅读教案：理解文章主旨一、引言在高中英语教学中，阅读理解是必不可少的一个环节。
理解文章主旨是阅读理解的基础，也是培养学生整体语言综合能力的重要一环。
本文将针对高中英语阅读教案，重点讨论如何正确理解文章主旨并提供相应的教学案例和方法。
二、理解文章主旨的重要性1. 提高阅读理解能力理解文章的主旨对于学生提高阅读理解能力至关重要。
通过理解文章主旨，学生能够更好地把握文章的核心信息，从而更有效地进行后续的分析和推理，争取取得更好的阅读成绩。
2. 培养学生的思辨能力理解文章主旨需要学生具备一定的思辨能力，通过阅读和分析文章内容，学生需要从多个角度进行思考和推测，进而准确判断文章的主旨。
这种思辨能力对于学生的思维发展和学术提升具有积极的影响。
三、教学案例和方法1. 预测主旨在阅读文章前，可以向学生提供文章的标题或开头段落，要求他们预测文章的主旨。
通过预测，学生能够在阅读过程中有针对性地进行信息收集，更好地理解文章的内涵。
2. 核心句定位核心句定位是理解文章主旨的常用方法之一。
在阅读过程中，学生通过找出文章的关键句或主题句来确定文章的核心内容，从而推断出文章的主旨。
例如，对于一篇介绍环保的文章，核心句可能是"Protecting the environment is of great significance to human beings"（保护环境对人类来说具有重大意义）。
从这个核心句可以推断出文章的主旨是保护环境的重要性以及人类对环境的依赖。
3. 上下文推断上下文推断是指通过阅读文章的上下文信息，推测出文章的主旨。
在理解文章主旨时，学生可以根据文章中的线索、描述和细节来推断主旨。
例如，对于一篇讲述互联网发展对社会的影响的文章，学生可以通过文章中关于互联网的描述、技术的发展和人们的生活变化来推断出文章的主旨是互联网对社会产生了巨大的影响。
4. 学科知识结合理解文章主旨时，学生不仅需要依靠英语语言的运用技巧，还需要结合自己的学科知识进行分析和推理。
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专题1 阅读理解之主旨大意题主旨大意题考查的是考生对文章内容的深层次理解，它要求考生在充分理解全文的前提下，对整篇文章的主旨大意有一个较为清晰的印象。
主旨大意题分为标题类和主题类。
主旨大意题是阅读理解中考生失分最多的题目，因为该类试题不仅考查考生略读文章、领会大意的能力，也对考生的归纳、概括能力提出了较高的要求。
文章中没有明显的解题依据，需要考生从文章中提炼、抽取一些关键词、主干句进行加工概括，才能归纳出文章的主旨。
此类题目可分为三大类，即段落大意题、文章大意题和标题归纳题。
类型一段落大意题一、常见设问方式·What does the author tell us in Paragraph ...?·The main idea of the second paragraph probably is ________.·The first paragraph is mainly about ________.·Which of the following can best summarize Para.1?·What is the first paragraph mainly about?二、解题必备知能归纳段落大意的2种方法方法1：概括段落大意要准确概括某段的大意，务必要知道该段的逻辑结构。
(1)如果该段是按总分顺序组织，首句做总的说明，其他句子对其进行具体论述，这种结构的主题句就在段首；(2)如果按分总顺序组织，主题句就在段尾；(3)如果按分总分的顺序组织，则主题句就在这段话的中间；(4)如果按总分总的顺序，段落结构相对难度较低，我们可以很明显的看到一段的首句和末句的内容几乎完全一致，正确答案就呼之欲出了；(5)如果按并列式行文，这种结构的段落一般会在一段中讨论两个平行的内容，整个段落可以从中间处分开，前后是平行关系，这样的段落结构对应的答案通常也会是很明显的并列关系；(6)如果对比各事物，那么它们的共同点或不同点就是该段大意。
高三英语阅读理解主旨大意题训练教学设计摘要：为了检验学生对语篇的理解和语言综合运用能力，阅读理解中的主旨大意题在高考英语试卷中占据了相当大的比例。
通过阅读理解课前的教材分析、学生分析，确立了教学重难点。
在教学过程中引入了“设计说明”环节，对教学方法的实用性进行了探讨，并在后记中对教学的得与失进行了总结和反思。
关键词：阅读理解；主旨大意；教学设计；高三英语；课前分析中图分类号：G632.0 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1674-9324（2014）13-0169-03一、教学分析1.教材分析。
根据《新课标》要求，英语学习的过程应该是学生在教师的指导下构建知识、发展技能、活跃思维、展现个性和拓展视野的过程，因此高考命题也是围绕着考查学生语言综合运用的能力而设计的。
整体分析试卷可以发现阅读理解占据了相当大的比重，它旨在检验学生的语篇理解和语言运用能力。
考生还应具备扎实的语言基本功、较好的语感、较强的逻辑推理能力和跨文化交际能力。
由于阅读理解的考查形式多样，题材广泛，考生需要在有限的时间内快速高效地完成相应任务，所以如何降低难度是在高三复习阶段中重要的一个环节。
2.学生分析。
高中阶段的学生在阅读方面已经积累了一定的输入量，能够运用基本的技巧来解决较熟悉或难度系数一般的文章。
然而由于高考在篇章选择上范围很广，有英语文学作品、科普文章、公告、说明、广告以及书、报、杂志等，而且对于学生综合能力的考查也较全面。
如要求学生能理解语篇主旨大意；理解文中具体信息；根据上下文提供的线索推断生词的词义；根据文中事实和线索做出简单的判断和理解；理解文章的基本结构和文脉逻辑关系；理解作者的观点、意图和态度；根据所读，用恰当的词语补全文章提纲、关键内容或作要词词语转换。
这样就需要学生平时重视语言基础知识的积累和应用，课外能广泛阅读各种题材的英语文章以储备丰富的文化背景知识，并会灵活运用合适的技巧来应对阅读理解的各种考题。
而把握文章主旨大意是解决其他题目的关键，所以指导学生培养这方面的技巧是至关重要的。
►第18讲主旨大意题（讲义）【复习目标】掌握主旨大意两大类题型特征区分主旨大意题的正确选项和干扰项特征掌握主旨大意题不同文体的解题技巧掌握主旨大意题不同题型的解题技巧【考情分析】【网络构建】命题规律：主旨大意题即考查细节理解能力, 又考查深层次的推理、概括能力,难度较大。
不仅考查考生略读文章、领会大意的能力，也对考生的归纳、概括能力提出了较高的要求。
文章中没有明显的解题依据，需要考生从文章中提炼、抽取一些关键词、主干句进行加工概括，才能归纳出文章的主旨。
题型和考查角度：1.主题类：文章大意题和段落大意题(概括文章或段落的主旨大意)2.标题类：标题判断题（选择最佳标题）。
要做好主旨大意题，我们首先必须了解其正确选项和干扰选项的特征。
选项特征：命题方式：What is the text mainly about?What is the best title for the text?What can be a suitable title for the text?What's the first/second/third....paragraph mainly about?What's the main idea discussed in the first/second/.. paragraph?不同文体解题技巧：1.议论文或说明文：议论文或说明文的主题句一般在文首,但有的在文尾,也有的首尾呼应。
2.新闻报道：新闻报道的主题句就是导语,即文章的首句或首段。
正文采取倒金字塔形式--最重要事实, 次要事实,最次要事实3.科研报告或调查报告：反映科学实验或调研结果的报道或科普类说明文，内容主要包括“科研实验结果或调查结果+实验研究过程或调查的具体情况”两大部分,文章主旨就是科研或调查结果，因此主题句通常在首段,且常伴有according to a study, a study showed/proved, this is suggested by the results of new research on, scientists recently reported, a study claimed 等。
主旨大意题一、总体解题思路1、宏观上分清文章体裁（记叙文、科普类的说明文议论文）和捋清文章行文脉络二、记叙文：主旨一般在首段和尾段出现（扫读重点关注首尾段各段首尾句或第二句以及转折处句子）第1篇I have a special place in my heart for libraries. I have for as long as I can remember. I wasalways an enthusiastic reader, sometimes reading up to three books a day as a child. Stories were like air to me and while other kids played ball or went to parties, I lived out adventures through the books I checked out from the library.My first job was working at the Ukiah Library when I was 16 years old. It was a dream job and I did everything from shelving books to reading to the children for story time.As I grew older and became a mother, the library took on a new place and an added meaning in my life. I had several children and books were our main source(来源) of entertainment.It was a big deal for us to load up and go to the local library, where my kids could pick out books to read or books they wanted me to read to them.I always read, using different voices, as though I were acting out the stories with my voiceand they loved it !It was a special time to bond with my children and it filled them with the wonderment of books .Now, I see my children taking their children to the library and I love that the excitement of going to the library lives on form generation to generation.As a novelist, l've found a new relationship with libraries. I encourage readers to go to their local library when they can't afford to purchase a book. I see libraries as a safe haven(避风港) for readers and writers, a bridge that helps put together a reader with a book. Libraries, in their own way, help fight book piracy（盗版行为) and I think all writers should support libraries in a significant way when they can. Encourage readers to use the library, Share library announcements on your social media. Frequent them and talk about them when you can. [ 2020全国II卷D篇]首先先快速扫读每段的首尾句或第二句及转折处句子每段有每段的中心句这个中心句可能是全文主旨句也可能只是本段的主旨所以为了更全面把握主旨中心需要每段都要扫读到I have a special place in my heart for libraries. I have for as long as I can remember. I wasalways an enthusiastic reader, sometimes reading up to three books a day as a child. Stories were like air to me and while other kids played ball or went to parties, I lived out adventures through the books I checked out from the library.and an addedsource(来源) ofAs a novelist, l've found a new relationship with libraries. I encourage readers to go to their local library when they can't afford to purchase a book. I see libraries as a safe haven(避风港) for readers and writers, a bridge that helps put together a reader with a book. Libraries, in their own way, help fight book piracy（盗版行为) and I think all writers should support libraries in a significant way when they can. Encourage readers to use the library, Share library announcements on your social media. Frequent them and talk about them when you can. [ 2020全国II卷D篇]既然是记叙文一般就从首尾段找主旨I have a special place in my heart for libraries. I have for as long as I can remember. I wasalways an enthusiastic reader, sometimes reading up to three books a day as a child. Stories were like air to me and while other kids played ball or went to parties, I lived out adventures through the books I checked out from the library.As a novelist, l've found a new relationship with libraries. I encourage readers to go to their local library when they can't afford to purchase a book. I see libraries as a safe haven(避风港) for readers and writers, a bridge that helps put together a reader with a book. Libraries, in their own way, help fight book piracy（盗版行为) and I think all writers should support libraries in a significant way when they can. Encourage readers to use the library, Share library announcements on your social media. Frequent them and talk about them when you can. [ 2020全国II卷D篇]从首尾段提取主题词可以快速缩小选择范围提高准确率即微观上要抓住主题词那么主题词特征有以下几个●反复高频出现●绝大多数以名词为主动词和形容词为辅●出现时往往前有铺垫后有解释说明I和library 就是反复出现高频词并且说的就是I和library的关系优先排除A和B 都属于无中生有显然Young属于偷换概念只有D 和主题词切合并且逻辑关系是呼应的即I和library的关系第2篇Adults understand what it feels like to be flooded with objects. Why do we often assume thatmore is more when it es to kids and their belongings? The good news is that I can help my own kids learn earlier than I did how to live more with less.I found the preholidays a good time to encourage young children to donate lessused things, and it worked. Because of our efforts, our daughter Georgia did decide to donate a large bag of toys to a little girl whose mother was unable to pay for her holiday due to illness. She chose to sell a few larger objects that were less often used when we promised to put the money into her school fund(基金)(our kindergarten daughter is serious about being a doctor)For weeks, I've been thinking of bigger, deeper questions: How do we make it a habit for them? And how do we train ourselves to help them live with, need, and use less? Yesterday, I sat with my son, Shepherd, determined to test my own theory on this. I decided to play with him with only one toy for as long as it would keep his interest. I expected that one toy would keep his attention for about five minutes, ten minutes, max. I chose a red rubber ballsimple, universally available. We passed it, he tried to put it in his mouth, he tried bouncing it, rolling it, sitting on it, throwing it. It was totally, pletely enough for him. Before I knew it an hour had passed and it was time to move on to lunch.We both became absorbed in the simplicity of playing together. He had my full attention and I had his. My little experiment to find joy in a single object worked for both of us.[ 2018全国III卷D ]首先先快速扫读每段的首尾句或第二句及转折处句子（每段有每段的中心句这个中心句可能是全文主旨句也可能只是本段的主旨所以为了更全面把握主旨中心需要每段都要扫读到）Adults understand what it feels like to be flooded with objects. Why do we often assume that提取首尾段首先排除A 和D 显然文中没有提及属于无中生有文中是帮助孩子学习而B的向孩子学习显然属于颠倒逻辑答案C就是直接来自首段尾句其实当文章自问自答或者提出了问题那么后面的回答就是文章的主题三、科普类文章：主旨一般与研究结果或专家建议观点紧密相关快速扫读每段的首尾句或第二句及转折处句子寻找观点结论第3篇We've all been there: in a lift, in line at the bank or on an airplane, around by people who are, like us, deeply look at their smartphones or, worse, fighting with the unfortable silence.What's the problem? It's more likely that none of us start a conversation because it's challenging, or we think it's unnecessary. But the next time you find yourself among strangers, consider that small talk is worth the trouble. Experts say it's an invaluable social practice that results in big advantages. Small talk is the grease (润滑剂) for social munication, says Bernardo Carducci, director of the Shyness Research Institute at Indiana University Southeast. Almost every great love story and each big business deal begins with small talk," he explains. "The key to successful small talk is learning how to connect with others, not just municate with them."In a 2014 study, Elizabeth Dunn, professor of psychology at UBC, invited people on their way into a coffee shop. One group was asked to look for an interaction (互动) with its waiter; the other, to speak only when necessary. The results showed that those who chatted with their waiter reported higher positive (积极的) feelings and a better coffee shop experience. "It's not that talking to the waiter is better than talking to your husband." says Dunn. But interactions with peripheral (边缘的) members of our social network matter for our wellbeing also."Dunn believes that people who reach out to strangers feel a greater sense of belonging (归属感), a relationship with others. Carducci believes developing such a sense of belonging starts with small talk. "Small talk is the basis of good manners." he says [2018II卷D篇]通过每段的首尾句或第二句及转折处句子找出观点结论性的词句We've all been there: in a lift, in line at the bank or on an airplane, around by people who are, like us, deeply look at their smartphones or, worse, fighting with the unfortable silence.首段只是一个铺垫而第二段but转折词后面信息才是关键信息，Small talk是在文中反复出现的高频词文章结构属于总分结构：铺垫+总观点+分别解释科普类文章的一大特点提出一个现象或问题再提出观点结论然后进行解释说明首先就可以排除A和C 那么B和D 那个和主旨更切合呢B和D结构相同都是of结构显然D文中并没有提到ways，而是反复在讲advantages第4篇We are the products of evolution, and not just evolution that occurred billions of years ago. As scientists look deeper into our genes(基因), they are finding examples of human evolution in just the past few thousand years. People in Ethiopian highlands have adapted to living at high altitudes. Cattle raising people in East Africa and northern Europe have gained a mutation(突变) that helps them digest milk as adults.Oh Thursday in an article published in Cell, a team of researchers reported a new kind of adaptation not to air or to food, but to the ocean. A group of seadwelling people in Southeast Asia have evolved into better divers. The Bajau, as these people are known, number in the hundreds of thousands in Indonesia, Malaysia and the Philippines. They have traditionally lived on houseboats; in recent times, they've also built houses on stilts(支柱) in coastal waters. "They are simply a stranger to the land," said Redney C. Jubilado, a University of Hawaii researcher who studies the Bajau.Dr. Jubilado first met the Bajau while growing up on Samal Island in the Philippines. They made a living as divers, spearfishing or harvesting shellfish. "We were so amazed that they could stay underwater much longer than us local islanders," Dr. Jubilado said. I could see them actually walking under the sea.' In 2015, Melissa Ilardo, then a graduate student in genetics at the University of Copenhagen, heard about the Bajau. She wondered if centuries of diving could have led to the evolution of physical characteristics that made the task easier for them. "It seemed like the perfect chance for natural selection to act on a population," said Dr. Ilardo. She also said there were likely a number of other genes that help the Bajau dive. [ 2020 全国III卷D篇]快速扫读每段的首尾句或第二句及转折处句子寻找观点结论the past few thousand years.People in Ethiopian highlands have adapted to living at highthere were likely a number of other genes that help the Bajau dive. [ 2020 全国III卷D篇]显然首段的首句就是一种观点，第二句又用科学研究发现来进一步证实另外evolution及近义词是反复出现的高频词文章属于总分结构：总观点+分别解释这道题难在出题者对选项答案进行了巧妙化处理并没有直接使用文中的词句故意进行了变换增加了难度和迷惑性不过可以先使用排除法B选项skills文中并未提及属于无中生有，偏离文章主题D 选项中的字眼Best绝对化像这样的选项除非文中明确指出来了，否则带有绝对性字眼的选项不要选另外文中说的是better而非best C选项methods文中也未提到属于无中生有正面分析 A 选项关键词就是remodeled 进行拆分re再次ed过去分词表完成状态model 模式模型——再模型化——重构改型含义=evolution出题者为了增加难度往往把正确答案设定成原文词的同义词近义词或短语第5篇Bacteria are an annoying problem for astronauts. The microorganisms(微生物) from our bodies grow uncontrollably on surfaces of the International Space Station, so astronauts spend hours cleaning them up each week. How is NASA overing this very tiny big problem? lt's turning to a bunch of high school kids. But not just any kids. It depending on NASA HUNCH high school class, like the one science teachers Gene Gordon and Donna Himmelberg lead at Fairport High School in Fairport, New York.HUNCH is designed to connect high school classrooms with NASA engineers. For the past two years, Gordon's students have been studying ways to kill bacteria in zero gravity, and they think they're close to a solution(解决方案). "We don't give the students any breaks. They have to do it just like NASA engineers," says Florence Gold, a project manager."There are no tests," Gordon says. "There is no graded homework. There almost are no grades, other than 'Are you working towards your goal?' Basically, it's 'I've got to produce this product and then, at the end of year, present it to NASA.' Engineers e and really do an inperson review, and..it's not a very nice thing at time. It's a hard business review of your product.Gordon says the HUNCH program has an impact(影响) on college admissions and practical life skills. "These kids are so absorbed in their studies that I just sit back. I don't teach." And that annoying bacteria? Gordon says his students are emailing daily with NASA engineers about the problem, readying a workable solution to test in space. （2019全国IlI卷D篇）快速扫读每段的首尾句或第二句及转折处句子寻找观点结论Bacteria are an annoying problem for astronauts. The microorganisms(微生物) from our bodies grow uncontrollably on surfaces of the International Space Station, so astronauts spend hoursand..it's not a very nice thing at time. It's a hard business review of your product.Gordon says the HUNCH program has an impact(影响) on college admissions and practical life skills. "These kids are so absorbed in their studies that I just sit back. I don't teach." And that annoying bacteria? Gordon says his students are emailing daily with NASA engineers about the problem, readying a workable solution to test in space. （2019全国IlI卷D篇）首段提出问题but转折之后的尾句才是关键信息而第二段首句直接给出观点回答问题，NASA HUNCH是反复出现的词典型的总分结构：铺垫+总观点+分别解释提出问题解决问题解释说明其实有时候归纳出文章主旨并不难，而难在出题人在选项上故意设置陷阱迷惑我们，刁难大家让你误入歧途所以我们要紧紧抓住主旨去排除错误选项，选择正确选项本文主旨说的是NASA的HUNCH项目与high school classrooms之间关系HUNCH is designed to connect high school classrooms with NASA engineers. 那么首先可以排除A和C 因为A只讲了NASA 而后面的the home 纯属无中生有而C选项Nature是属于偷换概念用于代替NASA显然不对另外文中也没有提及outdoor classroom那么D中虽然有HUNCH 但后面讲的是大学准入改革而HUNCH program has an impact(影响) on college admissions and practical life skills. 说的是有影响并不是说HUNCH program就是准入改革风马牛不相及只有B选项提到了Space 与NASA有关对应后面还提到homework与high school classrooms 紧密相关对应B选项同时把space和homework联系起来与文中主旨NASA与high school classrooms联系是呼应的贴合的总结解主旨题要把明确文章体裁握住文章的行文脉络和结构从每段首尾句或第二句及转折处句子找主旨段主旨句主题词从而归纳出主旨还要紧扣主旨去选择和排除那么具有迷惑性的错误答案另外明确了文章了主旨对于读懂文章和做其他题型都有帮助毕竟主旨对全文和所有的题都有统摄作用作者不可能偏离主题去写文章出题者也不可能偏离主题去出题。
湖南高考英语阅读理解专题讲座—主旨大意学案【考纲解读】这类题主要是测试学生对一篇文章或一段文字的深层理解程度及在速读中准确把握文章主旨大意的能力。
一般针对某一语段或某一语篇的主题标题或目的设题。
[命题风格]常见的设题方式有：1) Which of the following best describes the main point of the passage?2) What is the writer trying to tell us?3) Which of the following is the best title for the passage?4) The purpose of the passage is.5) The main (general) idea of the passage is.6) The passage is mainly about.7) What is mainly discussed in the passage?这类题通常围绕一个中心思想展开，一些文章一开头便展示出文章的中心思想，第一段常常是内容的梗概，同时又表达了中心思想，也有一些文章的中心思想贯穿全文，并没有用一句话明确表达出来，这就要求学生学会归纳概括。
每个段落往往也由一个主题句或几个陈述句构成，它们在句中的位置不同，有时在开头, 首先点明本段大意; 有时在结尾, 总结本段大意。
[解题技巧]做这类题，首先要找出文章的主题句。
找出文章的主题句，也就明确了文章要讲什么，再通过速读全文，就可以把握文章的中心思想了。
主题句在整个语段中起着通领全段的作用，其它句子都是用来阐述、解释、支持或发展主题句所表达的主题思想的，其位置一般位于段首，也见于段尾或段中。
另外在许多文段中，设有可以概括全段意义的主题句，必须根据文章中所提供的事实细节，进行全面分析，然后归纳成一般概念。
但必须注意，既不能以偏概全，也不能在概括时过于宽泛，要恰如其分。
Reading Comprehension------How to get the main idea?Learning goals:1. To learn about the question forms about the main idea.2. To learn some ways to get the main idea.3. To use the skills to practice in groups.Step 1 Lead-inA mother mouse was out for a walk with her babies when she found a cat behind a bush. She watched the cat, and the cat watched the mice. Mother mouse barked fiercely, "Woof, woof, woof!" The cat was so frightened that it ran for it's life. Mother mouse turned to her babies and said, "Now, do you understand the value of a second language?”What is the story mainly about?Step 2 Question forms about the main idea of a paragraph or a passage? Choose the question forms about the main idea: _____1. The main idea/topic of the passage is ________.2. What is the passage mainly about?3. What can we infer from the passage?4. What is the last paragraph mainly concerned (关于) about?5. What does the underlined word stand for?6. The best title/headline for this passage might be_____.7. The passage could be entitled__________.8. What is the best title for the passage?Step 3 How to get the main idea1.Today the problem of environment has become more and more serious. The world population is rising, so quickly that the world has become too crowded. We are using up our natural resources too quickly and at the same time we are polluting our environment with dangerous chemicals.The main idea of the paragraph is ________.总结：该段为____ ____结构，主题句往往在___ ___, 有时在___ ____会重申主题，构成___ ___ ___结构。
2.When you are poor, you can also say you are very happy, because you have something else that can' t be bought with money. When you meet with difficulties, you can say loudly you are very happy, because you have more chances to challenge yourself. So you should always say you are happy.What is the passage mainly about?总结：该段为____ ____结构，主题句在___ ___,往往出现在总结性的词so, therefore, as a result等之____。
3.Some people like reading, and some people like swimming. I have many hobbies, such as reading, skating, and traveling. In fact, different people have different hobbies. My friend Ann studies very hard. So her hobby is reading all kinds of books. Tony loves working with her hands, and his hobby is gardening.What does this paragraph mainly talk about?总结：该段为____ ____ ___结构，主题句往往在___ ___, 如果段落中出现however, but, in fact, actually等时，所在的句子往往就是________。
如何归纳主旨大意?4. Smoking in indoor public places including public working places, public transport vehicles and some other special outdoor working places has been banned (禁止) in China since January 2011.Should smoking be banned in public places? Of course, it should be.First, banning smoking will not only help in saving smokers from health problems and diseases, but will also be good for passive smokers.Next, banning smoking will put stress on smokers to give up. Since a smoker is prevented from smoking.At last, smoking cigarettes adds to the pollution of the air, so if it is banned, it will help in saving the environment from further deterioration(恶化).What is the main idea of the passage?A. Smoking is bad for health.B. Smoking will increase pollution.C. Smoking should be banned.D. Smoking can cause fire.第一招：5. Everyone can experience anger sometimes. But not everyone can control it properly. To some people, controlling anger seems like the hardest thing in the world to do.Control these by talking to yourself in your own mind,when you experience unwanted feelings. By talking it over in your ownhead you can work out how you will best deal with the situation.Anger control can also be achieved by communicating with others with honesty.You can effectively train yourself to respond to situations without getting annoyed abo ut things.It is important to remember it is possible for everyone to get angry and therefore, controlling it is the real challenge.What is the best title of the passage?A. Not everyone can control anger.B. How to control anger.C. Communicating with others is helpful.D. Controlling anger is challenging.第二招：6.Mother’s Day was coming, a man stopped at a flower shop to order some flowers to be wired(电邮给) to his mother who lived two hundred miles away.As he got out of his car, he noticed a young girl sobbing (啜泣) . He asked her what was wrong with her and she replied, “I wanted to buy a red rose for my mother. But I only have seventy-five cents, and a rose co sts two dollars.”The man smiled and said, “Come on in with me. I’ll buy you a rose.”After they went in, he bought a rose for the little girl and ordered flowers for his own mother.As they were leaving, he offered to ride the girl home. She said, “Yes, please! But can you take me to my mother?” “To your mother?” the man was a little puzzled but didn’t say anything. She directed him to a cemetery(公墓), where she placed the rose on a freshly dug grave (新坟).The man was shocked and returned to the flower shop, canceled(取消) the wire order, picked up a bunch of flowers and drove the two hundred miles to his mother’s house.What is the passage mainly about?A.Moved by the girl, the man sent his mother the flowers himself on Mother’s Day.B. A man helped a girl to buy a flower for her mother.C.We should often help others.D.We should love our mothers.第三招：Step4 Competition1. The panda is a popular animal. Stories about the panda in the Washington Zoo are always front page news and important features on television newscasts. Stuffed pandas are among the most popular toys for children, and panda postcards are always in demand in zoo gift shops.What is the main idea?A. The panda is a popular animal.B. Cold is serious for children.C. Cold has obvious symptoms.D. Cold should be cured at once.2. People have different tastes in food. Some feel that they haven't eaten a meal unless they have had steak or other red meat. Some prefer chicken or fish and eat one or theother at every meal. Others prefer vegetables and fruits or grains. Others could live on what were called fast food: a hamburger or hot dog, French fries and a soft drink. What is the main idea?_____A. Some people like steak or other red meat.B. Some people like fast food.C. People have different tastes in food.D. People should eat healthy food.3. Smoking cigarettes is harmful to your health. Experiments show that cigarette smoking can cause cancer. Besides the most serious and terrible disease (illness), cancer, cigarette smoking also can cause other health problems. Finally, studies have shown it is easy for cigarette smokers to catch colds.What is the main idea?A. Cigarette smoking can cause cancer.B. Smoking can cause the most serious and terrible disease.C. Smoking also can cause other health problemsD. Smoking is harmful.4. Often no one looks more guilty than the innocent. On the other hand, nobody may look more innocent than a professional criminal. And the man who knows “everything” may really only be trying to hide his own weakness. So, it is foolish to try to judge a person only by his appearanceWhat does the writher want to tell us?A. The innocent looks more guilty.B. The professional criminal looks innocent.C. A man knows everything likes to hide his weakness.D. We shouldn’t judge a person only by his appearance.5. WeChat(微信) is a mobile text and voice messaging communication service developed by Tencent in China, first released in January 2011. With WeChat, we can communicate with friends by sending text messages, voice messages, we can share our photos or videos, share our location, we can even chat with lots of friends at the same time. More important, it is free for the users.The main idea of this paragraph is that ______.A. The tools of chatting.B. We can use Wechat to chat with lots of friends.C. The functions of Wechat.D. We should often communicate with friends.6. Tom studied four years at the University of Paris and decided to leave before his graduation. He transferred to the University of Berlin and graduated with honors. Harvard Law School and, later, Boston College provided him with an excellent legal background. He is presently a corporation lawyer in Miami, Florida.The main idea of this paragraph is that ______.A. Tom had studied at Paris Universities for four years.B. Tom became a lawyer since his graduation from Harvard Law School and later from Boston College.C. Tom was an excellent student when he studied at Berlin university.D. Tom received an excellent education.7. For adults a cold is not that serious. However, this is not the case for children. Cold symptoms in children may be signs of more serious diseases and should be given prompt medical attention.What does the paragraph mainly talk about?A. Cold is not serious for adults.B. Cold is serious for children.C. Cold has obvious symptoms.D. Cold should be cured at once.8. Some students prefer a strict teacher who tells them exactly what to do. Others prefer to be left to work on their own. Still others like a democratic discussion type of class. No one teaching method can satisfy all students at the same time.What is the main idea ?A. Some students prefer a strict teacher.B. No one teaching method can satisfy all students at the same time.C. Some students prefer to do work on their own.D. Students should respect teachers.9. Nothing is as useful as a flashlight in a dark night if a tire(轮胎) goes flat. Few inventions are so helpful to a child who is afraid of the dark. In fact, the modern flashlight brings light to many dark situations. Finding something in the back of a closet is easy with a flashlight in hand. A camper(野营者) also needs one after the light of the campfire has been out.What is the main idea?A. A flashlight is useful every day.B. A flashlight is useful in dark situations.C. Children are afraid of darkness.D. A camper needs a flashlight when the campfire is out.10.Magellan’s(麦哲伦) men were the first to make the trip around the world. It took them more than two years to do so by ship.Magellan was from Portugal, but he sailed for the King of Spain. On September 20, 1519, he left Spain with five ships and 240 men. After passing the tip of South America, they reached the Pacific Ocean, on which they sailed more than one year. Very often they could not see a piece of land for months and they suffered greatly from the lack of food and fresh water. Many of them died of hunger and diseases. They even had to live on sawdust. Finally in April 1521, Magellan got to the Philippine Islands, where he was killed. His men fled and continued their voyage across the Indian Ocean. It was with the greatest difficulty that they passed the Cape of Good Hope. By the time they returned to Spain on December 21,1521, seven out of every eight men had died.Magellan’s voyag e proved that men could sail around the world and that our earth is but a huge ball.Which of the following is the best title for this passage?A. Magellan’s deathB. Going Around The WorldC. The World Is RoundD. Magellan’s V oyage11.There is a simple economic principle used to determine prices. It is called the law of supply and demand. Supply means the amount of, or access to, certain goods. Demand represents the number of people who want those goods. If there are more goods than wanted, the price of them falls. On the other hand, if the demand for those goods is much greater than the supply, then price rises. Of course manufacturers prefer to sell more goods at increased prices.What is the main idea?A.Economic Principlesw of Supply and DemandC. More Goods, Lower PricesD. Fewer Goods, Higher Prices12.If you are robbed, keep calm. If you cannot cry for help or run away, give the robber your money. Try to remember what the robber looks like and tell the police.If it is raining hard and there is lightning. Don’t stay in high places and keep away from trees.When there is a fire, get away as fast as you can. Put wet things on your body and try and find an exit. Do not take the lift!If someone is drowning(溺水),If you can’t swim, don’t get into the water. Cry out for help.Remember that danger is never as far away as you think. We should take care of ourselves.What is the best title?A. Danger everywhere.B. Take care of ourselves.C. How to save othersD. Don’t stay under the tree when raining.Summary如何归纳主旨大意?第一招：可通过寻找__ ___ ___的方式归纳主旨大意,主题句可能在文章或段落___ ____,中间或___ ___,所以我们可以扫读文章的首段和尾段或段落的首句和___ ___,弄清文章或段落的____ ____搜索主题信息。
