高考英语阅读专题之主旨大意题
关于主旨大意题的高考考试说明
每篇文章都会有一个主旨要义。有时从文章第一个段落甚至第一个句子即可得出文章的主旨要义，从这一段或这个句子读者会知道文章描述的是谁或什么（即文章的主题），亦会了解到作者希望读者了解主题方面的哪些内容。有时，作者没有明示文章的主旨要义，需要读者从文章的字里行间进行归纳和概括。
一、主旨大意题的命题形式
这类试题包括要求考生选出短文的标题(title, headline)、短文或段落的主题(subject)、中心思想(main idea)、作者的写作目的(purpose或为传递信息、或为愉悦读者、或为阐述某一道理)等。这类题的设问方式主要有：
(1)The subject of the passage/paragraph is ______.
(2)The main idea of the passage/paragraph is ______.
(3)The text is mainly about ______.
(4)The passage mainly centers on ______.
(5)The passage mainly tells about ______.
(6)What is the subject discussed in the text
(7)What is the main idea of this passage
(8)What is the passage mainly about
(9)What does the second paragraph mainly discuss
(10)What is the main point the writer is trying to make in the last paragraph
(11)Which of the following is the best title for the passage
(12)Which title best gives the idea of the passage
(13)What would be the best title for the text
(14)What might be the most suitable title for the passage
(15)The best headlines for this newspaper article would be______
(16)The main purpose of announcing the above events is to give information about ______.
(17)The writer's purpose in writing this story is ______.
(18)What is the author's main purpose
(19)What does the writer really want to tell us in this passage
(20)The writer wrote the story in order to______.
(21)What is the advice given in the text / passage / article
二、寻找主题句的方法
正确的解答这类题目的关键是准确地找出文章的主题句。那么，主题句通常在哪里呢(1)主题句在文首；(2)主题句在文中；(3)主题句在文末；(4)主题句以首尾呼应的形式出现在文首和文末。（4）无明显主题句，需根据高频词或各段落主题句进行总结概括
1.主题句在文首
Today the problem of environment has become more and more serious. The world population is rising, so quickly that the world has become too crowded. We are using up our natural resources too quickly and at the same time we are polluting our environment with dangerous chemicals. The main idea of the paragraph is ________.
2.主题句在文中
Some people like reading, and some people like swimming. I have many hobbies, such as reading, skating, and traveling. In fact, different people have different hobbies. My friend Ann studies very hard. So her hobby is reading all kinds of books. Tony loves working with her hands, and his
hobby is gardening.
What does this paragraph mainly talk about
3.主题句在文末
When you are poor, you can also say you are very happy, because you have something else that can' t be bought with money. When you meet with difficulties, you can say loudly you are very happy, because you have more chances to challenge yourself. So you should always say you are happy.
What is the passage mainly about
4.主题句首尾呼应
Smoking cigarettes is harmful to your health. Experiments show that cigarette smoking can cause cancer. Besides the most serious and terrible disease(illness), cancer, cigarette smoking also can cause other health problems. For example, it can give one a “smoker’s cough”. Finally, studies have shown it is easy for cigarette smokers to catch colds. Whether you get an unimportant cold or terrible killer, cancer, smoking is harmful. Is it worth it
What is the main idea
A.Smoking can cause cancer.
B.Smoking is a terrible killer
C.Smoking is harmful to our health.
D.An experiment on smoking
5.无明显主题句
根据高频词概括
Everyonecanexperienceangersometimes.Butnoteveryonecancontrolitproperly. Tosome people,controllingangerseemslikethehardestthingintheworldtodo.
Controltheseby talkingtoyourselfinyourownmind, whenyouexperienceunwantedfeeling. Bytalkingitoverinyourown headyoucanworkouthowyouwillbestdealwiththesituation. Angercontrolcanalsobeachievedby communicating with others withhonesty. Youcaneffectivelytrainyourselftorespondtosituationswithoutgettingannoyedaboutthings. Itisimportanttoremember it is possible for everyone to get angryandtherefore, controllingitistherealchallenge.
What is the best title of the passage
A. Not everyone can control anger.
B. How to control anger.
C. Communicating with others is helpful.
D. Controlling anger is challenging
根据各段主题句概括
Mother’s Day was coming, a man stopped at a flower shop to order some flowers to be wired(电邮给) to his mother who lived two hundred miles away.
As he got out of his car, he noticed a young girl sobbing (啜泣) . He asked her what was wrong with her and she replied, “I wanted to buy a red rose for my mother. But I only have seventy-five cents, and a rose costs two dollars.”The man smiled and said, “Come on in with me. I’ll buy you a rose.”After they went in, he bought a rose for the little girl and ordered flowers for his own mother.
As they were leaving, he offered to ride the girl home. She said, “Yes, please! But can you take me to my mother”“To your mother”the man was a little puzzled but didn’t say anything.
She directed him to a cemetery(公墓), where she placed the rose on a freshly dug grave (新坟). The man was shocked and returned to the flower shop, canceled(取消) the wire order, picked up a bunch of flowers and drove the two hundred miles to his mother’s house.
What is the passage mainly about
A.Moved by the girl, the man sent his mother the flowers himself on Mother’s Day.
B. A man helped a girl to buy a flower for her mother.
C.We should often help others.
D.We should love our mothers.
小练习
1.Smoking in indoor public places including public working places, public transport vehicles and
some other special outdoor working places has been banned (禁止) in China since January smoking be banned in public placesOf course,it should be.
First, banning smoking will not only help in saving smokers from health problems and diseases, but willalso be good for passive smokers.
Next, banning smoking will put stress on smokers to give up. Since a smoker is prevented from smoking.
At last,smoking cigarettes adds to the pollution of the air,so if it isbanned, it will help in saving the environment from further deterioration(恶化).
What is the main idea of the passage
is bad for health.
will increase pollution.
should be banned.
can cause fire.
2. There is a simple economic principle used to determine prices. It is called the law of supply and demand. Supply means the amount of, or access to, certain goods. Demand represents the number of people who want those goods. If there are more goods than wanted, the price of them falls. On the other hand, if the demand for those goods is much greater than the supply, then price rises. Of course, manufacturers prefer to sell more goods at increased prices.
What is the main idea
A. Economic Principles
B. Law of Supply and Demand
C. More Goods, Lower Prices
D. Fewer Goods, Higher Prices
3. Often no one looks more guilty than the innocent. On the other hand, nobody may look more innocent than a professional criminal. And the man who knows “everything” may really only be trying to hide his own weakness. So, it is foolish to try to judge a person only by his appearance What does the writher want to tell us
A. The innocent looks more guilty.
B. The professional criminal looks innocent.
C. A man knows everything likes to hide his weekness.
D. We shouldn’t judge a person only by his appearance.
4. WeChat(微信) is a mobile text and voice messaging communication service developed by Tencent in China, first released in January 2011. With WeChat, we can communicate with friends by sending text messages, voice messages, we can share our photos or videos, share our location,
we can even chat with lots of friends at the same time. More important, it is free for the users. The main idea of this paragraph is that ______.
A. The tools of chatting.
B. We can use Wechat to chat with lots of friends.
C. The functions of Wechat.
D. We should often communicate with friends.
5. For adults a cold is not that serious. However, this is not the case for children. Cold symptoms in children may be signs of more serious diseases and should be given prompt medical attention. What does the paragraph mainly talk about
A. Cold is not serious for adults.
B. Cold is serious for children.
C. Cold has obvious symptoms.
D. Cold should be cured at once.
6. Some students prefer a strict teacher who tells them exactly what to do. Others prefer to be left to work on their own. Still others like a democratic discussion type of class. No one teaching method can satisfy all students at the same time.
What is the main idea
A. Some students prefer a strict teacher.
B. No one teaching method can satisfy all
students at the same time.
C. Some students prefer to do work on their own.
D. Students should respect teachers.
7. Nothing is as useful as a flashlight in a dark night if a tire(轮胎) goes flat. Few inventions are so helpful to a child who is afraid of the dark. In fact, the modern flashlight brings light to many dark situations. Finding something in the back of a closet is easy with a flashlight in hand. A camper(野营者) also needs one after the light of the campfire has been out.
What is the main idea
A. A flashlight is useful every day.
B. A flashlight is useful in dark situations.
C. Children are afraind of darkness.
D. A camper needs a flashlight when the campfire is out.
8. Magellan’s(麦哲伦) men were the first to make the trip around the world. It took them more than two years to do so by ship.
Magellan was from Portugal, but he sailed for the King of Spain. On September 20, 1519, he left Spain with five ships and 240 men. After passing the tip of South America, they reached the Pacific Ocean, on which they sailed more than one year. Very often they could not see a piece of land for months and they suffered greatly from the lack of food and fresh water. Many of them died of hunger and diseases. They even had to live on sawdust. Finally, in April 1521, Magellan got to the Philippine Islands, where he was killed. His men fled and continued their voyage across the Indian Ocean. It was with the greatest difficulty that they passed the Cape of Good Hope. By the time they returned to Spain on December 21,1521, seven out of every eight men had died. Magellan’s voyage proved that men could sail around the world and that our earth is but a huge ball.
Which of the following is the best title for this passage
A. Magellan’s death
B. Going Around the World
C. The World Is Round
D. Magellan’s Voyage
9. There is a simple economic principle used to determine prices. It is called the law of supply and demand. Supply means the amount of, or access to, certain goods. Demand represents the number of people who want those goods. If there are more goods than wanted, the price of them falls. On the other hand, if the demand for those goods is much greater than the supply, then price rises. Of course, manufacturers prefer to sell more goods at increased prices.
What is the main idea
A.Economic Principles
https://www.doczj.com/doc/444877426.html,w of Supply and Demand
C.More Goods, Lower Prices
D.Fewer Goods, Higher Prices
10. If you are robbed, keep calm. If you cannot cry for help or run away, give the robber your money. Try to remember what the robber looks like and tell the police.
If it is raining hard and there is lightning. Don’t stay in high places and keep away from trees. When there is a fire, get away as fast as you can. Put wet things on your body and try and find an exit. Do not take the lift!
If someone is drowning(溺水), If you can’t swim, don’t get into the water. Cry out for help. Remember that danger is never as far away as you think. We should
take care of ourselves.
What is the best title
A. Danger everywhere.
B. Take care of ourselves.
C. How to save others
D. Don’t stay under the tree when raining.
高考题汇编
1. 主题句在文首
这类文章写法上的特点是：文章的第一句起着点题的作用，概括了文章的主要内容或信息，下文接着对主题句所涉及的话题进行具体的阐述。如：(全国高考题)
A JINTAN, JIANGSU: The 20 students —18 boys and 2 girls —had a thousand reasons to be proud of themselves. They had just climbed their way to the top rung(阶梯)out of 4 million students taking part in the Fifth National Hua Luogeng Gold Cup Mathematics Contest (竞赛)on Tuesday evening.
The 20 gold medal winners are all primary and middle school students under the age of 14. "Many of the problems are of college level and these pupils can figure them out. It is just unbelievable!" said a teacher from Guangdong province.
Named after China's most famous mathematician, Hua Luogeng, the contest started in 1986, one year after his death. In less than 10 years, it has been recognized by the State Education Commission(国家教委) as the country's biggest and best contest of its kind.
This news story is mainly about ______.
A. when the contest started
B. how the contest got its name
C. the 20 pupils who have won gold medals in the contest
D. the 5th National Hua Luogeng Gold Cup Mathematics Contest
【分析】这是一篇报道，文章的第一段只有两句话：“20个学生(2女18男)有充分的理由为自己感到自豪，因为他们夺得了第五届华罗庚杯数学竞赛的金奖，是4百万参赛学生中的佼佼者”，下文接着对竞赛的有关情况进行报道，因此，第一段实际上就是这篇报道的主题句。
A、B、C分别只包含了报道的部分信息，显然不合题意；D选项与主题句的意思完全一致，因此是正确答案。
2. 主题句在文中
这类文章写法上的特点是：开始部分是引题，接着是点题，最后是对主题进行叙述，主题句常常起着承上启下的作用。如：(全国高考题)
Fat on human beings is distributed in different ways. Some fat people have a large stomach and no waistline—which makes them look round, rather like apples. Others are fatter below the waist, which makes them appear pear-shaped.
There are two types of fat: external fat (fat under the skin) and internal fat (fat inside the body wall). Doctors, who have been examining the relationship between health and fatness, have found that the 'pears' have less internal fat, but the 'apples' have more internal fat than external fat. This seems to be what causes the health problems.
The best treatment for fatness is to reduce the internal fat. But unfortunately it seems that dieting (节食) simply makes an apple-shaped person into a smaller apple and a pear-shaped person into a smaller pear. At the moment there is no known way of reducing the internal rather than external fat.
The text is mainly about ______.
A. fatness and health
B. ways to lose weigh
C. people's figures
D. distribution of fat
【分析】该文的第一段交代了脂肪在体内的分布状况；第二段交代了脂肪的种类及不同种类的脂肪与健康之间的关系；第三段讲的是减肥应该减掉哪一类脂肪以及节食存在的问题。很明显，第二段，特别是第二段的第二句，起着承上启下的作用，是该文的主题句。A选项符合主题句的意思，应该是正确答案；B选项与文章的意思无关；可以排除；C、D选项分别只与文章的部分信息有关，也可以排除。
3. 主题句在文末
这种写法的特点是：在叙述完某件事情或某个话题之后，用一句话交代事情的结果或对前面的叙述进行归纳。如：(广东高考题)
In 1901, . Wells, an English writer, wrote a book describing a trip to the moon. When the explorers (探险者) landed on the moon, they discovered that the moon was full of underground cities. They expressed their surprise to the "moon people" they met. In turn, the "moon people” expressed their surprise. "Why," they asked, "are you traveling to outer space when you don't even use your inner space"
. Wells could only imagine travel to the moon. In 1969, human beings really did land on the moon. People today know that there are no underground cities on the moon. How ever, the question that the "moon people" asked is still an interesting one. A growing number of scientists are seriously thinking about it.
Underground systems are already in place. Many cities have underground car parks. In some cities, such as Tokyo, Seoul and Montreal, there are large underground shopping areas. The 'Chunnel", a tunnel(隧道) connecting England and France, is now complete.
But what about underground cities Japan's Taisei Corporation is designing a network of underground system, called "Alice Cities." The designers imagine using surface space for public parks and using underground space for flats, offices, shopping, and so on. A solar dome(太阳能穹顶) would cover the whole city.
Supporters of underground development say that building down rather than building up is a good way to use the earth's space. The surface, they say, can be used for farms, parks, gardens, and wilderness. . Wells' "moon people" would agree. Would you
What would be the best title for the text
A. Alice Cities—cities of the future
B. Space travel with . Wells
C. Enjoy living underground
D. Building down, not up
【分析】文章以月球人的问题Why are you traveling to outer space when you don't even use your inner space 引起话题，接着讲叙了人类目前对地下空间的利用现状，结尾以地下空间开发的支持者的话点题building down rather than building up is a good way to use the earth’s space。A选项只是本文话题的部分意思，不是主要话题；B选项与文章的意思无关；文章主要是讲地下空间的开发利用，而不是讲如何享受地下生活，因此C选项与文章的主题也无关；D选项符合文章的主要内容，与主题句的意思一致，因此，是该题的正确答案。
4. 主题句以首尾呼应的形式出现在文首和文末
这种写法的特点是：文章一开始就点题，接着举例，最后回归主题。如：(全国高考题)
Shu Pulong has helped at least 1000 people bitten by snakes. "It was seeing people with snake bites that led me to this career," he said.
In 1963, after his army service, Shu entered a medical school and later became a doctor of Chinese medicine. As part of his studies he had to work in the mountains. There he often heard of people who had their arms and legs cut off after a snake bite in order to save their lives.
"I was greatly upset by the story of an old farmer I met. It was a very hot afternoon. The old man was pulling grass in his fields when he felt a pain in his left hand. He at once realized he had been bitten by a poisonous snake. In no time he wrapped a cloth tightly around his arm to stop the poison spreading to his heart. Rushing home he shouted 'Bring me the knife!' Minutes later the man lost his arm forever."
"The sad story touched me so much that I decided to devote myself to helping people bitten by snakes,"Shu said.
The best headline for this newspaper article is ______.
A. Astonishing Medicine
B. Farmer Loses Arms
C. Dangerous Bites
D. Snake Doctor
【分析】文章的第一段就两句话，第一句点题，第二交代了Shu Pulong成为蛇医的原因；第二、第三段举例说明Shu Pulong如何了解到农民被蛇咬的情况；第四段回归主题，强调是由于第二、第三段中所交代的事例促使Shu Pulong决心成为蛇医。题目的A选项与文章中的信息无关；B、C两个选项只涉及到文章所举的例子的某个方面；D选项能涵盖首位两个自然段，即主题句，的信息，因此是正确答案。
5. 无明显主题句
有的文章没有明显的主题句，如果在阅读这类文章的时候碰到判断文章的主题、话题、中心思想之类的题目，我们的注意力主要放在两个方面：1. 文章的主要内容；2. 选项之间的区别。也就是说能涵盖文章的全部或主要内容的选项才是正确答案。如：(全国高考题) James Cleveland Owens was the son of a farmer and the grandson of black slaves. His
family moved to Cleveland when he was 9. There, a school teacher asked the youth his name.
".", he replied.
She thought he had said "Jesse", and he had a new name.
Owens ran his first race at age 13. After high school, he went to Ohio State University. He had to work part time so as to pay for his education. As a second-year student, in the Big Ten games in 1935, he set even more records than he would in the Olympic Games a year later.
A week before the Big Ten meet, Owens accidentally fell down a flight of stairs. His back hurt so much that he could not exercise all week, and he had to be helped in and out of the car that drove him to the meet. He refused to listen to the suggestions that he give up and said he would try, event by event. He did try, and the results are in the record book.
The stage was set for Owens' victory at the Olympic Games in Berlin the next year, and his success would come to be regarded as not only athletic(体育的)but also political. Hitler did not congratulate any of the African-American winners.
"It was all right with me," he said years later. "I didn't go to Berlin to shake hands with him, anyway."
Having returned from Berlin. He received no telephone call from the president of his own country, either. In fact, he was not honored by the United States until 1976, four years before his death.
Owens' Olympic victories made little difference to him. He earned his living by looking after a school playground, and accepted money to race against cars, trucks, motorcycles, and dogs.
"Sure, it bothered (烦扰)me," he said later. "But at least it was an honest living. I had to eat."
In time, however, his gold medals (奖牌) changed his life. "They have kept me alive over the years," he once said. "Time has stood still for me. That golden moment dies hard."
Which of the following is a suitable title for the text
A. Jesse Owens, a Great American Athlete
B. Golden Moment — a Life-time Struggle
C. Making a Living as a Sportsman
D. How to Be a Successful Athlete
【分析】这篇文章简明扼要地介绍了奥林匹克金牌得主，美国黑人运动员James Cleveland Owens辉煌而又坎坷的人生，但文章侧重介绍的是他人生的坎坷，而不是他人生的辉煌。B 选项侧重的是他人生的辉煌，而不是他人生的坎坷，不能涵盖文章的主要意思，因而不合题意；C、D选项与文章的内容无关，也不合题意；James Cleveland Owens在获得奥林匹克金牌后虽然没有立即得到美国社会的重视，但获得金牌奠定了他作为一名伟大的运动员在美国田径运动史上的重要地位却是不争的事实，A选项既表达了文章的这一主要意思，也能涵盖他人生辉煌及坎坷的不同侧面，比较全面地反映了文章的主要内容，因而符合题意，是正确答案。
以上从五个方面介绍了判断文章主题的主要方法，但要真正掌握并熟练运用这些方法也不是能一蹴而就的事情，还需要在大量的阅读实践中不断思考，总结，得出自己的体会。
各段主题句
(江西D)Modern inventions have speeded up people’s lives amazingly. Motor-cars cover a hundred miles in little more than an hour, aircraft cross the world a day, while computers operate
at lightning speed. Indeed, this love of speed seems never-ending. Every year motor-cars are
produced which go even faster and each new computer boasts（吹嘘）of saving precious seconds in
handling tasks.
All this saves time, but at a price. When we lose or gain half a day in speeding across the
world in an airplane, our bodies tell us so. We get the uncomfortable feeling known as jet-lag; our
bodies feel that they have been left behind in another time zone. Again, spending too long at
computers results in painful wrists and fingers. Mobile phones also have their dangers, according
to some scientists; too much use may transmit harmful radiation into our brains, a consequence we
do not like to think about.
However, what do we do with the time we have saved Certainly not relax, or so it seems. We
are so accustomed to constant activity that we find it difficult to sit and do nothing, or even just
one thing at a time. Perhaps the days are long gone when we might listen quietly to a story on the
radio, letting imaginations take us into another world.
There was a time when some people’s lives were devoted simply to the cultivation of the land
or the care of cattle. No multi-tasking there; their lives went on at a much gentler pace, and in a
familiar pattern. There is much that we might envy about a way of life like this. Yet before we do
so, we must think of the hard tasks our ancestors faced: they farmed with bare hands, often lived
close to hunger, and had to fashion tools from wood and stone. Modem machinery has freed
people from that primitive existence.
71. What does the passage mainly discuss
A. The present and past times.
B. Machinery and human beings.
C. Imaginations and inventions.
D. Modem technology and its influence.
关键词的重复（tunnels）
A new eight-kilometre road is under construction that links the port area with the motorway system.？
It is expected to carry 20,000 trucks and cars a day, which greatly reduces the overcrowded traffic in
the center of the city. As part of the project, two four-kilometre road tunnels are being built below the？
central area of the city, one for traffic to the north and the other for traffic to the south. The two tunnels
are about 20 metres below the surface and are 12 metres wide, providing for two lanes of traffic in each direction.？
In the upper part of the tunnel two air-conditioning pipes remove the waste gas of trucks and cars and？
keep the quality of air inside the tunnel. The lighting is at the top of the tunnel, practically at its highest point.？There will also be electronic signs at frequent intervals (间隔). They show traffic conditions ahead, and can
be seen clearly by drivers. The wall is made up of four main elements, which include a waterproofing covering？and, on the inside of the tunnel, a concrete lining (混凝土衬砌).
Each tunnel is roughly round and the lower part of t he tunnel is somewhat flat. The surface of the road lies o n the base, which is made of concrete and steel. The？d rainage system (排水系统), just below the road surface o n one side, removes any extra liquid, particularly water.？I n the event of fire, the fire main, which is made of steel,？
p ipes water to many fire hydrant stations at regular intervals？a long
the length of the tunnel. The fire main is at the side of the tunnel, and at the level of the road surface.？
Other systems in the tunnel will include emergency phones.
1. Each of the tunnels under construction is _____.
A. eight kilometers long and twenty metres wide
B. eight kilometers long and six metres wide
C. four kilometers long and twenty metres wide
D. four kilometers long and six metres wide
2. Which part of the tunnel in the diagram is used to pipe out extra water A. 1.
B. 3.
C. 5.
D. 6.
3. Driving in the tunnel, one can know the traffic conditions ahead through _____. A. the lights
B. the electronic signs
C. the trucks and cars
D. the emergency phones
4. The passage is mainly about _____. A. the construction of a road
B. the design of a road
C. the construction of two tunnels
D. the design of two tunnels
DCBD
中考英语阅读主旨大意题解题技巧 命题形式主要有： 常见的主旨大意题的考查形式： The text is mainly about ____. The main idea/The general idea/The main purpose is ______. What’s the main point the writer is trying to make in the last/xx paragraph? What would be the best title /headline for the text? This article mainly tells about the story of ____. What is the topic of the text? The subject discussed in this text is ____. What does the second paragraph discuss? The paragraph (passage) deals with _____. What is mainly discussed in the text? 解题技巧。 1.先看问题，看是否有和主旨相关的题目，了解题目类别和提问方式。 2.再看文章首尾和各段开头，找出主题句或通过浏览全文，抓住关键字眼，把握主旨。 3.以掌握主旨为前提，处理推断作者语气或意图等其他深层次问题。 4、这类题目需要对文章有整体性的把握，建议最后做 一、文章或者某段落的主旨大意——主题句定位法：通过分析篇章结构，找出每一小 段的主题句，然后通过寻找共同点，找出整个文章的主题句。 主题呈现的方式： 1．开门见山式：主题句出现在文首。 In modern society there is a great deal of argument about competition. Some value it highly, believing that it is responsible for social progress and prosperity. Others say that competition is bad，that it sets one person against another; that it leads to unfriendly relationship between people. 题目：What does this passage mainly talk about？ https://www.doczj.com/doc/444877426.html,petition helps to set up self-respect. B.Opinions about competition are different among people. https://www.doczj.com/doc/444877426.html,petition is harmful to personal quality development. D. Failures are necessary experience in competition. 2．藏头露尾式：主题句出现在文尾 On the Internet, we can read news at home and abroad and get as much information as we can. We often send e-mails or make telephone calls to our families as well as to our friends by Internet. What’s more, we can go to school on the net, r ead a lot of books and even teach ourselves foreign languages. We also enjoy music, watch ball matches on the net and play computer games. With the help of the net, we can do shopping even without leaving our homes. The Internet is playing a more and more important part in our daily life. 题目：What’s the main idea of the passage？ A. Keep away from the Internet. B. Surf the net. C. The Internet is playing an important part in our daily life. D. We can entertain ourselves on the Internet. 3．首尾呼应式：在有些文章中，为了突出主题，作者在文章开头提出主题，接着进行
2021届高考英语主旨大意题专项练习 1 I arrived at this beautiful Spanish island at the start of September, full of enthusiasm and eager to start working as an English teacher. I sorted all the necessary paperwork out and moved into a flat of my own within the first couple of days.Great, or so I thought. At 4 am and at several intervals after that, I was rudely awoken by the cock that lives opposite me.Fantastic! I now have 5 extra alarms every morning. In the following weeks, I also started to notice a trend.Things in my flat started to break at the rate of one object per day，like the hot water line, bowls, cups, the shower, doors or glass shelves. Yes, I am clumsy but things just fell apart. If it wasn't broken, it would either be dirty or missing Using my washing basket for the first time was pretty disgusting. When I took out my clothes, they were swiftly followed by a hundred or so bugs that were living in the bottom. As for the general lack of equipment in the house, there was no oven, tin opener, sharp knives or potato peeler. It turned out making a burger from scratch wasn't the best idea. I had a small microwave and a grill. I thought the general understanding was never to put metal in a microwave but I went on. Smoke soon started to appear. I was not quite sure if it was the burger or the grill but as soon as I opened the door, the electricity cut out. I spent the following 10 minutes in a dark, smoky room hunting for the power switch using the light from my mobile phone, which broke the week after and left me without a connection to the outer world. Luckily, I'm now borrowing a phone and my luck has returned. No more things have broken (probably because there is nothing left to break). I've also realized that even if a flat looks pretty, it doesn't mean its contents work. I am also learning how to adapt to life with limited, broken utensils (用具)． 1．What problem did the author have in the morning？ A．She often slept late. B．Her alarm failed to work. C．She got some noisy neighbors. D．Her sleep was disturbed by a rooster. 2．What can we know about the author from Paragraph 2？ A．She was a very careful woman. B．She was quite satisfied with her flat. C．Her flat was pretty old but comfortable. D．Her household articles were in poor condition. 3．What happened when the author was making a burger？ A．She was seriously injured. B．She made a terrible mistake.
高考英语阅读:主旨大意题的解题技巧 一、主旨大意题的命题形式 主旨大意题旨在考查考生把握全文主题和理解中心思想的能力，亦即考查考生的归纳概括能力。这类试题包括要求考生选出短文的标题(title, headline)、短文或段落的主题(subject)、中心思想(main idea)、作者的写作目的(purpose或为传递信息、或为愉悦读者、或为阐述某一道理)等。这类题的设问方式主要有： (1)The subject of the passage/paragraph is ______. (2)The main idea of the passage/paragraph is ______. (3)The text is mainly about ______. (4)The passage mainly centers on ______. (5)The passage mainly tells about ______. (6)What is the subject discussed in the text? (7)What is the main idea of this passage? (8)What is the passage mainly about? (9)What does the second paragraph mainly discuss? (10)What is the main point the writer is trying to make in the last paragraph? (11)Which of the following is the best title for the passage? (12)Which title best gives the idea of the passage? (13)What would be the best title for the text? (14)What might be the most suitable title for the passage? (15)The best headlines for this newspaper article would be______ (16)The main purpose of announcing the above events is to give information about ______. (17)The writer's purpose in writing this story is ______. (18)What is the author's main purpose? (19)What does the writer really want to tell us in this passage? (20)The writer wrote the story in order to______. (21)What is the advice given in the text / passage / article? 二、寻找主题句的方法 正确的解答这类题目的关键是准确地找出文章的主题句。一般来说，一篇文章常常会围绕着一个中心思想或一个主要话题展开，而这个话题又常常通过一个能比较全面地覆盖或概括文章意思的句子，即所谓的“主题句”来体现。那么，主题句通常在哪里呢？(1)主题句在文首；(2)主题句在文中；(3)主题句在文末；(4)主题句以首尾呼应的形式出现在文首和文末。 1. 主题句在文首 这类文章写法上的特点是：文章的第一句起着点题的作用，概括了文章的主要内容或信息，下文接着对主题句所涉及的话题进行具体的阐述。如：(全国高考题) A JINTAN, JIANGSU: The 20 students —18 boys and 2 girls —had a thousand reasons to be proud of themselves. They had just climbed their way to the top rung(阶梯)out of 4 million students taking part in the Fifth National Hua Luogeng Gold Cup Mathematics Contest (竞赛)on Tuesday evening. The 20 gold medal winners are all primary and middle school students under the age of 14.
小希老师给同学们总结了2018高考英语真题所有阅读理解的A篇，适合高中各个年级的学生练习及备考使用。 【全国Ⅰ卷】 A Washington, . Bicycle Tours Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, . Duration: 3 hours This small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see the world-famous cherry trees with beautiful flowers of Washington, . Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees and the famous monuments where they blossom. Reserve your spot before availability – and the cherry blossoms – disappear! Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour Duration: 3 hours (4 miles) Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington, . Explore the monuments and memorials on the National Mall as your guide shares unique facts and history at each stop. Guided tour includes bike, helmet, cookies and bottled water. Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, . Duration: 3 hours Morning or Afternoon, this bike tour is the perfect tour for . newcomers and locals looking to experience Washington, . in a healthy way with minimum effort. Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most interesting stories about Presidents, Congress, memorials, and parks. Comfortable bikes and a smooth tour route (路线) make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing. Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour
2016年高考英语阅读理解指导三——主旨大意题 Don’t give up your whole garden just for an attractive rose. 一、主旨大意题型特点： 主旨大意题要求在理解全文后________________，____________或者是_________，考查考生的归纳总结能力。这类题需要______________，抓住文章的______和_____，同时兼顾________以及文章出现的________。此类试题通常以概括中心、揭示主题、选择标题等形式出现。 查找主旨、标题时，我们要学习识别文章中__________________的信息，这种信息应能归纳和概括文中其它信息所具有的______。做主旨大意题时，应采用_______的方式，跳过生僻词，抓住________和_______，快而准地把握文章主旨。 【例1】Choose the most general word. A. Chemist B. Physicist C. Scientist D. Biologist 【例2】Choose the most general sentence. A. The hotel offers complimentary coffee from 7 to 10 a.m. daily. B. There are many reasons why guests feel at home at the Glorietta Bay Inn. C. The coin-operated laundry room has an ironing board. D. There are a number of extra services at the Glorietta Bay Inn including baby-sitting. 【例3】Choose the title that best expresses the idea of the paragraph. There is a simple economic principle used to determine prices. It is called the law of supply and demand. Supply means the amount of, or access to, certain goods. Demand represents the number of people who want those goods. If there are more goods than wanted, the price of them falls. On the other hand, if the demand for those goods is much greater than the supply, then price rises. Of course manufacturers prefer to sell more goods at increased prices. A. Economic Principle B. Law of Supply and Demand C. More Goods, Lower Prices D. Fewer Goods, Higher Prices 二、主旨大意题题干形式： 1. ________________________ (main idea): (1) The main idea of the passage is… (2) The passage is mainly about… (3) The passage is mainly discussed… (4) Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the passage? (5) What is the passage mainly about? 2. _________________________ (title): (6) The best title for the passage might be… (7) Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? 三、主题句的特点： 1. 主题句与文体体裁之间的关系：议论文和说明文一般有主题句，且一般位于______； 而记叙文一般没有主题句； 2. 段落主题句一般位于_____________； 3. 主题句所表达的意思具有_______和________；句子________单, 一般不会采用长句 或结构复杂的句子； 4. 文章或段落的其他句子都是对主题句的进一步________________________。
高考英语主旨大意题答题技巧 我们阅读一篇文章，首先是要了解其大意，明确其主旨。因此，主旨大意题是 常考题。主旨大意题包括：主要内容(main idea， mainly about)型、文章标题(title)型、写作目的(purpose)型。 一、主要内容型 [技巧点拨]弄清文章的大意，关键是找到主题句。 主题句的位置：主题句通常在文首、文末或首尾呼应，有时也在文中，或没有主题句，需根据文章所述内容进行归纳。各段的主题句也常在该段的首句或尾句。议论文和说明文 一般有主题句，但记叙文通常没有主题句，需要归纳。 找主题句的方法：用浏览法(skimming)，即快速阅读文首、文尾，或每段的首句和尾 句等，搜索主题线索和主题信息。 找主题句的四个小窍门： 1.段落中出现表转折的词语(如however, but, in fact, actually, while, on the contrary, in contrast等)时，其后的句子很可能是主题句。 2.首段出现疑问句时，对该问题的回答很可能就是主题句。 3.作者有意识地反复强调的观点，通常是主旨;反复出现的词语，一般为体现文章主旨的关键词。 4.表示总结或结论的话常有therefore，thus， in short，conclude， conclusion 等。 经典例题 1. That’s when Jack arrived on the scene. He was different from any other guy I’d dated. He could sit for hours on the piano bench with my mother, discussing some composers. My brother Rick loudly announced that Jack wasn’t a turkey like the other guys I’d brought home. Jack passed my family’s test. But what about Dad’s?
2017届全国高考英语阅读理解汇编（1）英语试卷SYS201708100601 一、阅读理解 详细信息 1. 难度：中等 阅读理解。 Many of us still tend to think that emotions can affect reasonable thought，and sometimes land us in trouble. But in recent years psychologists have taken quite a different view. Keith Oatley，Professor of Psychology at Glasgow University，is involved in the research which shows the fundamental importance of emotions. He believes we are very ambivalent about them：we think of our emotions as being unreasonable，but we also consider them as essential to being human.For example，Mr Spock，a character in the television series Star Trek，is superintelligent and he has no emotions at all.However，he is never made captain of the spaceship.Maybe，this is because Mr Spock is not the kind of person you can share your feelings with—a person who shows his emotions. As Professor Oatley points out，our emotions have very important functions，for example，fear.If we cross the road and a car approaches，we usually stop moving or step back.We stop what we are doing，check what we have done and pay very careful attention to the environment.The emotion of fear makes us take this small series of actions which，on average，help preserve our safety. On the other hand，if things are going well and small problems come up，we find we can solve them with the resources we have to hand.As a consequence，we tend to feel happy and usually continue doing the job. Anger is an emotion that tends to occur when someone is preventing us from doing something.Then this small “kit” of reactions enables us to prepare ourselves to be quite aggressive to that person，or to try harder，and so on. Professor Oatley believes emotions generally occur at these important moments in actions.With fear and anger our emotions make us decide to start doing something else，while with happiness they “suggest” we continue what we are already doing. 1.What’s Keith Oatley’s opinion about emotions? A．They affect reasonable thought. B．They get us into trouble. C．They are helpful to us. D．They are reasonable. 2.What does the underlined part “we are very ambivalent about them”in Paragraph 2 mean? A．We have contradictory feelings towards emotions. B．We have similar ideas of emotions.
2011届英语阅读理解专练 主旨大意题 A.设题方式 ①.考查文章的中心思想 The main idea/key point of this passage is that_____. The passage is mainly about __. From the passage we can learn/conclude that_________. Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the passage ②.考查文章标题的选择 The best title/headline for this passage is_________. Which of the following is the best title What would be the best title for the text The title that best expresses the ideas of this passage is_________. ③.考查作者的写作态度和意图 What is the author’s main purpose in this passage The writer’s purpose in writing this story is____. In the passage the author wants to tell___. The writer’s attitude toward ... is___. B.干扰项特点 ①. 以偏概全。干扰项只阐述了文章的一部分内容，也就是文章的局部信息。 ②. 断章取义。干扰项常常以文章中的个别信息或个别字眼作为选项的设置内容，或者以次要的事实或细节冒充全文的主要观点。 ③. 主题扩大。干扰项所归纳、概括的范围过大，超过文章实际所讨论的内容。 ④. 张冠李戴。命题者有意地把属于A的特征放在B的身上，构成一个干扰项。考生不注意的情况下，会造成错选答案。 ⑤. 无中生有或似是而非。有的干扰项中的关键词语好像在文章中谈到了，但认真分析之后你会发现这类干扰项的内容与文章的内容毫无联系。 C.解题指导 1.分清主次，抓住主干，找出主题句。 主题句是归纳表达文章中心思想的句子,它的出现有四种情况: 1）主题句在开头?主题句出现在段落或文章的开头部分,起着开宗明义?点明主题的作用,它可以使读者一开始就明白文章所讲的内容主旨?而支撑句则使用一些具体的人、物、数字或具体的步骤来阐述或论证
Don’t give up your whole garden just for an attractive rose. 一、主旨大意题型特点： 主旨大意题要求在理解全文后________________，____________或者是_________，考查考生的归纳总结能力。这类题需要______________，抓住文章的______和_____，同时兼顾________以及文章出现的________。此类试题通常以概括中心、揭示主题、选择标题等形式出现。 查找主旨、标题时，我们要学习识别文章中__________________的信息，这种信息应能归纳和概括文中其它信息所具有的______。做主旨大意题时，应采用_______的方式，跳过生僻词，抓住________和_______，快而准地把握文章主旨。 【例1】Choose the most general word. A. Chemist B. Physicist C. Scientist D. Biologist 【例2】Choose the most general sentence. A. The hotel offers complimentary coffee from 7 to 10 . daily. B. There are many reasons why guests feel at home at the Glorietta Bay Inn. C. The coin-operated laundry room has an ironing board. D. There are a number of extra services at the Glorietta Bay Inn including baby-sitting. 【例3】Choose the title that best expresses the idea of the paragraph. There is a simple economic principle used to determine prices. It is called the law of supply and demand. Supply means the amount of, or access to, certain goods. Demand represents the number of people who want those goods. If there are more goods than wanted, the price of them falls. On the other hand, if the demand for those goods is much greater than the supply, then price rises. Of course manufacturers prefer to sell more goods at increased prices. A. Economic Principle B. Law of Supply and Demand C. More Goods, Lower Prices D. Fewer Goods, Higher Prices 二、主旨大意题题干形式： 1. ________________________ (main idea): (1) The main idea of the passage is… (2) The passage is mainly about… (3) The passage is mainly discussed… (4) Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the passage? (5) What is the passage mainly about? 2. _________________________ (title): (6) The best title for the passage might be… (7) Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? 三、主题句的特点： 1. 主题句与文体体裁之间的关系：议论文和说明文一般有主题句，且一般位于______； 而记叙文一般没有主题句； 2. 段落主题句一般位于_____________； 3. 主题句所表达的意思具有_______和________；句子________单, 一般不会采用长句 或结构复杂的句子；
考研英语阅读：主旨大意题的做题技巧 (一)主旨大意题的命题规律 1.从考查的对象上划分，主旨大意题可分为两种： (1)篇章主旨：针对全文的主题进行提问。主题句出现在首段的居多，其次是末段或为几段主题的综合。 (2)段落主旨：针对某一段或几段的主题提问。主题句可能是段落的首句、末句，也可能不在此(几)句，需要从上下文中寻找或总结。 2.从考查的内容上划分，还可分为主题类(内容)(考查文章或段落的主旨大意)、目的类(考查文章或段落的写作目的)和标题类(要求考生选出文章的最佳标题)三种。 主旨大意题经常用main idea, main point, key point, main topic, mainly discuss, mainly explain, is mainly about; purpose; best title等词语来表达。 (二)主旨大意题的常考点 1.段首、段尾句常考：段首、段尾句一般表达了文章的中心思想，或者就是该段的主题句，对全文或全段起着提纲挈领的作用。 2.语义转折处常考：尤其是段首的语义转折，其后面往往是作者真实的写作目的或基本观点，即文章的中心思想所在。 3.因果句常考：因果句通常可以表现出作者的意图、观点甚至全文的主题，因此成为考点。 (三)主旨大意题的7招技巧 一篇文章的主旨往往会在文章的第一段或开头部分找到。作者会通过“首段提问法”、“转移重心法”、“独句段开头”、“类比开头”、“事例开头法”等约定俗称的方式暗示或引入主题。因此，解答主旨题时，大家要首先重点研读文章第一段和第二段的段首句。 1. 首段提问法 如果文章第一段的第一句话、最后一句话或者第二段第一句是一个疑问句，那么本文的主旨就很可能是对该问题的一个解答。在这里同学一定要注意的一点就是并列问句不是主旨。 2. 喜新厌旧类 如果文章第一段先描述一件事情，然后在本段或第二段首句出现转折词，进而表述另一件事情，那么本文主旨就是转折词之后的另一件事。这类题目多会考的一种题型是写作意图题。 3. 事例开头类 如果文章开头引用、叙述个人经历、讲述故事、描写一起事故等方式举例。其目的显然是要通过举例的方法引出文章主题。通常情况下，这类文章的主题都会在首段末句或第二段的首句。 4. 类比开头法 如果一篇文章开头或第一段涉及一项内容A，随后或者第二段开头用到“Now the same thing is happening to B”等表示类比的句型，那么，这时可以确定本文主旨是B内容。 5. 独句段法
高考英语阅读理解主旨大意题解题技巧 《普通高中英语课程标准（2017年版）》提出学生对语篇整体理解的要求。具体的语言技能内容要求为：从语篇中提取主要信息和观点，理解语篇要义。区分、分析和概括语篇中的主要观点和事实。 此项考查要求学生通过阅读文章，抓住文章的主旨大意所在，在理解文章内容的基础上，找到文章大意或段落大意，主要考查学生归纳概括信息的能力。主旨大意题是高考阅读理解中常考的题型之一，主要考查考生把握全文主题和理解中心思想的能力。通常以选择文章最佳标题(title/topic)，概括文章中心大意(main idea)、文章段落大意(topic)等形式出现。主旨大意题是阅读理解题中的高难度题型，属于能力型题目。研究近几年课标地区的高考阅读理解题可以发现，主旨大意题几乎年年都有，而且在大部分地区的阅读理解题中会有1~3道此类题。其考查形式主要有以下几种：1标题概括类做此类试题时，要注意标题的三个特性，即醒目性、概括性和针对性。解题时要抓住文章的首尾段和每一段的首尾句，要注意贯穿文章始终的词语。常见设问形式有：What is the best title for this passage?Which of the following is the best title of the passage? What can be a suitable title for the text?What might be the best title for the passage?The best title of the passage is ______.The suitable headline of the passage may be ______.2文章大意类每篇文章都有中心思想，可以通过找主题句来获取文章中心思想。主题句通常在首段或结尾段，但有时也会出现在文章的中间段落。因此，在阅读时要倍加关注文章的首段和结尾段及各个段落的主题句。常见设问形式有：What is the main idea of the passage?Which of the following can best summarize the passage? What is the message conveyed in the story?What does the passage mainly present?What is the main theme of the story?What does the story mainly tell us?What does the passage mainly talk about?The passage is mainly about ______.The main purpose of the passage is to ______.The passage is mainly written to ______. 3 段落大意类每个段落通常都有一个中心思想，通常会在本段首句体现出来，即常说的段落主题句。一般来说，采用归纳法的段落，细节表述在前，归纳概括在后。若主题句出现在段首，则文章多为说明文和议论文。主题句也可能出现在段落的中间。有时作者没有写出明显的主题句，考生要学会根据段落的内容概括出主题句。常见设问形式有：What is the main idea of paragraph 1/the last paragraph?What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about?What is the last paragraph chiefly concerned with?What does the writer try to express in paragraph 3?Which of the following can best summarize paragraph 1?What is the main idea discussed in paragraph 2?The main idea of the second paragraph is probably that ______. 应对策略 1标题概括类（1）快速浏览全文，了解文章梗概；（2）找到文章主旨句或关键句，去掉修饰成分，保留中心词；（3）结合选项与中心词，选出能够全面概括文章内容的标题。解答此类题目时，注意所选文章题目必须能概括全文的中心内容，即标题涵盖性强，能覆盖