定语从句
定语：修饰名词或代词的成分
一朵漂亮的花 a beautiful flower 定义：复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句
先行词：被从句修饰的名词或代词(有时可以是句子)
关系词：引导定语从句的词 作用：连接定语从句；指代先行词；在定语从句中充当成分（主宾表定状）
关系代词
that 人、物 主宾表（做宾可省）
The girl that we saw yesterday was Jim’s sister.（宾）
A plane is a machine that can fly.（主）
which
物 主宾表 (做宾可省, 作介词宾语不可省)
They planted some trees which didn’t need much water.（主）
who
人 主宾表（做宾可省）
There is a girl who wants to see you.（主）
whom
人 宾表（做动宾可省，作介词宾语不可省） The old man who/whom you saw yesterday is a thinker. 你昨天见到的那位老人是位思想家。
whose
人、物，修饰名词作定语，相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格，可以转化为“the ＋名词＋of which/whom” 和“of which/whom ＋the ＋名词”的形式。
This is the scientist whose name is known all over the country.
→This is the scientist the name of whom is known all over the country.
This is the scientist of whom the name is known all over the country.
Please pass me the book whose cover is green. →Please pass me the book the cover of which is green. Please pass me the book of which the cover is green.
在限制性定语从句中，关系代词指物时只能用that 而不用which 的情况：
先行词是不定代词时。
如all ，little ，few ，none ，anything
，
something,
everything, nothing 等
Can you give me anything that has no sugar inside?
先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时。
This is the first two -storey bus that runs in our city.
先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰
Guilin is the most beautiful city
关系副词
介词+关系代词时。that I have ever visited.
先行词被the only, the
very, the right等修饰时。
This is the very scarf that
mother has been looking for.
这就是妈妈一直在找的那条围
巾。
先行词既有人又有物时Can you tell me the people and
events that you saw in Britain?
when先行词是time, day, week, year 等时间类名词，在从句中作时间状语可由介词+which替代
I can not forget the day when (on which) I first saw you.
注意：当先行词是表示时间的time, day 等或表示地点的place, house 等时，一定要注意分析从句的结构：
1.从句缺少主语或宾语，关系词应用which或that，
2.从句缺少时间状语或地点状语，才能用when 或where。
I still remember the day (which/that) we spent together in the city.
先行词为时间，从句缺宾语
I can not forget the day when (on which) I first saw you.
先行词为时间类名词，从句缺时间状语
where先行词是place, street, house, city, country等地点类名词，或一些抽象意义的名词，如point, case, position, condition,
situation。在从句中作地点状语，可由介词+which替代
This is the house where (in which) they lived a week ago.
why指原因或理由，它的先行词只有reason，在句中作原因状语可由for which代替
The reason why (for which) I don’t trust him is that he often
tells lies.
介词+关系代词结构中，指人用whom,指物用which,无其他选择介词的选择方法可以总结为：“一先、二动、三意义、四特殊”。Do you remember the day on which (when) you joined us? There isn’t a single person to whom she can turn for help.
一先，即先看先行词，介词往往和先行词构成固定搭配时间常和on, in, by搭配；地点常用on，in，at；
原因用for；方式用in，by，with This is the house in which (where) the inventor lived. (lived in the house)
二动，即看从句中的谓语动词结构。
根据从句中谓语动词的搭配选择合适的介词。He is the person of whom everyone has heard.
他是那位所有人都听说过的人。(hear of 听说)
三意义：通过判断主句表达的全部意义来确定合适的介词He was educated at a local high school，after which he went on to
Beijing University. (动作先后顺序，after)
四特殊：介词of 常用于“表示部分的词语＋of＋关系代词结构”。
1.不定代词all，both，none，neither，either，some，any +of＋关系代词
2.数词(含基数词，序数词，分数和百分数)+of＋关系代词1. The old man has two sons, both of whom are doctors
2. There are sixty students in our class，twenty of whom are girls.
3. The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80% of which are sold abroad.
考点一：who和whom 考点二：如何区别关系代词和关系副词？
考点三：occasion,period做先行词，并在从句中做时间状语考点四：先行词为the way,并在从句中作方式状语
occasion，period等作先行词时，且从句中缺少时间状语，常用关系副词when。
There are occasions when one must yield.
There are occasions on which one must yield.
任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。(时间状语)当先行词为the way时，并在从句中作方式状语，从句用that 或in which，或省略不用。如果作主宾表，则正常使用关系词。We admire the way he solved the problem.
We admire the way that he solved the problem.
We admire the way in which he solved the problem.
We admire the way that/which he suggested.(在从句中作宾语)
考点五：使用非限制性定语从句应注意的问题考点六：as固定搭配考点七：as和which指代整句时的区别
1.非限制性定语从句不用that引导。
I am fond of the novel，which you bought for me.
2．非限制性定语从句不用why引导，而用for which
I have told him the reason，for which I missed the bus. 3．非限制性定语从句的先行词可以是整个主句的内容，这时从句谓语动词要用第三人称单数。
He is shallow，which is known to us all in our company.
他很肤浅，我们公司的人都知道。(先行词为主句的内容)as is said above 如上所述
as is known to all 众所周知
as has been said before
如前所说
as is often the case
情况常常如此
as has been pointed out
正如已经指出的那样
as often happens
这种情况常常发生
as is already mentioned above
就跟上边所提到的那样
在非限制性定语从句中，as
和which可指代整句。
1.as位置灵活；
which只可置于主句的之后。
2.as意为“正如…，就象…”；
which意为“这一点，这件事”。
1. The room hasn’t been cleaned
for weeks, which makes it very
dirty.
2. As we had expected,he was
late again.
3.数词＋名词+of＋关系代词
4.the＋最高级/比较级+of＋关系代词
5.表示数目或数量的词语many，most，few，several，enough, half, a quarter+of＋关系代词4. There are sixty students，two boys of whom are my friends.
5. There are two rooms，the smaller of which is my study room.
6.There are sixty students, most of whom are from China.
who可取代whom在从句中作动词的宾语，也可省略。但如果whom在从句中作介词的宾语，且介词提前只能用whom。
This is the pilot (who/whom) I bought a camera for.
＝This is the pilot for whom I bought a camera.
这个就是我给他买照相机的飞行员。关键是要弄清楚它们在定语从句中担当什么成分：
如果关系词在从句中作主语或宾语表语，用关系代词；如果作定语，就用whose；
如果关系词在定语从句中作状语，就用关系副词。
as you can see 就跟你看到的那样
考点八
补充：
1. 定语从句中的主谓一致
当关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句中谓语动词的数原则上要与先行词保持一致，但要注意以下几点：先行词是“one of ＋复数名词”结构时，关系代词引导的定语从句中的谓语动词一般用复数形式；但如有the very ，the only ，the first ，the last ，the right 等修饰one 时，谓语动词用单数。
This is one of the most interesting questions that have been asked. 这是被问过的最有意思的问题之一。
She is the only one of the girls who studies hard. 她是这些女孩中唯一一个刻苦学习的。
2. 用as 引导限制性定语从句的情况 (1)such ＋名词＋as...“像……一样的……” Do you have such books as we like? 你有我们喜欢的那种书吗？
对比
定语从句
同位语从句
所修饰词 名词，代词，或者整个主句
A plane is a machine that can fly.
He is shallow ，which is known to us all in our company.
idea 、fact 、news 、hope 、belief 、suggestion 、proposal 、word 、thought 、doubt 、truth 、possibility 、promise 、order 等有一定内涵的名词 Word came that he had been abroad.
功能作用 对先行词进行修饰，
The news that my mom told me is true.
对从句前的抽象名词的内容进行说明，属于名词性从句 The news that our team has won the game is true.
引导词
关系词：替代先行词，连接主从句，在从句中做主宾表定状，作从句的动词宾语时可省略 I have a idea (that) you may need.
(that 替代先行词a idea,连接主从句，在从句中作宾语)
引导词：分为连接词，连接代词，连接副词。 连接主从句，比定从多了how, what , whether, if
I have no idea what has happened to him.
(what 连接代词， 连接主从句，在从句中作主语)
that 关系代词，在从句中作主宾表，有时可用which 替代 The news (that) my mom told me is true.
连接词，只起连接作用，无意义，不充当成分，不可省，不能用which 替代 The news that our team has won the game is true.
(2)the same＋名词＋as...“和……同样……”
It's the same person as we wanted to find yesterday.他/她就是我们昨天要找的人。
(3)as＋形容词＋名词＋as...“像……一样的……”She will marry as wealthy a man as she can find.
她将嫁给一个她能找到的有钱人。
定语从句 一．定义 定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分，相当于形容词，所以又称为形容词性从句，一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。 先行词：被定语从句所修饰的词（名词，代词） 关系词：引导定语从句的词，起连接作用。关系词有两种：关系代词关系副词关系代词： 当先行词指物的时候，关系代词用： 当先行词指人的时候，关系代词用： 关系副词： ※定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的名词后边。 二．用法 1. which的用法 ①我买了一本杂志。这本杂志花了我30块钱。（我买了一本价值30元的杂志。） ②我最近喜欢上一部美剧。这部美剧叫生活大爆炸。（我最近喜欢上了一部叫做生活大爆炸的美剧。） 综上： ①我弄丢一本书。我上周从图书馆借的这本书。（我弄丢了我上周从图书馆借的那本书。） ②我从美国带回来一个飞机模型。大家都认为它很酷。（大家都认为我从美国带回来的那个飞机模型很酷。） 综上：
2. who的用法 ①我有一个朋友。他在工厂上班。 ②刚才和我说话的那个人是我的老师。 综上： ①我想有一个朋友。我可以与他分享任何事情。 ②我喜欢与那些我可以信赖的人一起玩游戏。 综上： 3. whom的用法：与who做宾语用法相同。 4. whose的用法 先行词可以指人，也可以指物，表示所属关系，“......的”。 ①我认识一个朋友，他哥哥是一名流行歌手。 I know a friend. His old brother is a pop singer. I know a friend whose old brother is a pop singer ③这些孩子就坐在窗玻璃都被打破了的教室里上课。 These children sit in a schoolroom. Its windows are all broken. These children sit in a schoolroom whose windows are all broken. 5. that的用法 先行词既可以指人（用法同who），也可以指物（用法同which） 二．关系副词 1. when的用法（作时间状语） 先行词必须是表示时间的名词day，year，time等。 ①我永远不会忘记我第一次吻她的那一天。
高中定语从句全面详细讲解 高中定语从句详细讲解 一、定义及相关术语 定语从句是修饰名词或代词的从句，通常紧跟在先行词之后。先行词是被定语从句修饰的词，而引导定语从句的词叫做关系词，包括关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that。which。who。whom。whose。as等；关系副词有when。where。why 等。关系词有三个作用：引导定语从句、代替先行词、在定语从句中担当一个成分。 例如：The man who is XXX。这句话中，“who”是引导定 语从句的关系词，代替先行词the man，在定语从句中作主语。 二、关系代词引导的定语从句 1.who指人，在定语从句中作主语。
例如：XXX are from Class One。正在踢足球的男孩是一 班的。Those who want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 XXX。想去博物馆的人必须在明晨7点到大门口集合。XXX I helped an old man who had lost his way。昨天我帮助了 一位迷路的老人。That is the XXX。那就是教我们物理的老师。 2.whom指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。 例如：Mr。Liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus。XXX就是你们在公共汽车上谈论的那个人。Li Ming is just the boy (whom) I want to see。XXX正是我想要见的男孩。The professor (whom) you are waiting for has come。你正在等的 教授已经来了。 The girl who is often praised by the teacher is our monitor。She is a responsible and diligent student who always sets a good example for the rest of the class. The man you just met is my old friend。He and I go way back and have shared many XXX.
高中英语语法：定语从句篇 一、关系代词引导的定语从句 1、that 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语 which 指物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语（作宾语时可以省略） who 指人在从句中作主语，宾语或表语 whom 指人在从句中作宾语 whose 指人或物在从句中作定语 as 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语 but 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语 注意：指物时，whose+名词=the+名词+of which或of which+the+名词2、as 的用法 （1）常用于下列结构：such…as; so…as;the same…as; as…as 注意：the same…as 表示同一类，不同一个 the same…that 表示同一个 （2）as与which的区别 a、位置不同
as可放在主句后，主句前或主句中间；which只能放在主句后。 b、as起连接作用，表达说话人的观点、看法，并指出主句内容的根据或出处，意为“正如，正像”。Which相当于并列句，可以用and this来代替，意为“这一点，这件事’”。 注意：as常用于下列结构：as we know/ as is known to all, as we all can see, as has been said before/above, as might be excepted, as is often the case, 一般不能用which代替as。 c、在从句中作主语时，which既可作系动词be的主语也可作实义动词的主语，而as只可作系动词be的主语。 3、but用作关系代词，相当于who/that…not 例：In China there is no one but knows Lei Feng. 二、只用that不用which的情况 1、.先行词为all , much, everything, nothing , something ,anything, nothing, none, the one 等不定代词时 2、先行词被only, any, few, little, no , all, just , very ,right等修饰时. 3、当先行词是最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。 4、当先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时。 5、当先行词是数词时. 6、当先行词既指人又指物时。
高中英语语法知识总结：定语从句 下面就是小编给大家带来的高中英语语法知识总结：定语从句，希望能帮助到大家! 高中英语语法知识总结：定语从句 易错点1 关系代词与关系副词的混用 1.定语从句相当于一个形容词，起定词作用，修饰名词或代词 2.定语从句的引导词的三种功用:( 1)引导定语从句(2)替代先行词(3)在定语从句中充当一定的成分。 3.解题要领:根据定语从句中所缺成分来确定是用关系代词还是关系副词，决不要因先行词是时间名词就用when，是地点名词就用where。 易错点2 关系代词who、whom、whose的误用 对于定语从句关系词的考查，首先要确定从句是什么类型的从句，然后再分析关系词在从句中的成分，最后选择正确的词。要求考生具有一定的句子分析能力，和理解能力。如果缺少主宾表，要用that或which，缺少状语用关系副词when，where，why，缺少定语用whose。 易错点3 关系代词that和which的误用 只用which，不能用that的情况 (1) 在介词提前到关系代词之前形成"介词+关系代词"结构来修饰表事物的先行词时，关系代词必须用which.如： ☞The house in which we live is very large. 我们住的房子非常大。 这就是老师正在谈及的那本参考书。 注意：如果介词不放在修饰事物的限定性定语从句的句首，which就可换为that，如： ☞This is the question which/that we’ve had so much discussion about. =This is the question about which we’ve had so much discussion. 这就是我们已经多次讨论过的问题。
定语从句 定语从句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词，词组或代词即先行词（Antecedent）。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出 1.定义 定语从句，就是用来修饰名词或代词的句子，起到定语的作用，所以叫做定语从句。被修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句不同于单词作定语的情况，它需要放在被修饰的词（即先行词）之后。定语从句一般由关系代词来引导。关系代词必须放在定语从句之首。 2.从句结构:包括先行词，关系词和定语。 3.关系词 （1）关系代词：that,which,who,whom,whose,as(在定语中作主语，宾语，定语，表语)------在句中作成分，说明后面的句子不完整。 （2）关系副词：when,where,why,(在句中作状语)-----后面的句子完整。 一．由that,who,whom作关系代词引导的定语从句，先行词指人。 1.Do you know the comerade spoke at the meeting yesterday(两者都修饰前面的 comerade). 2.This is the man(they say) is a good teacher.(这里who还做了后面they say 的宾语， 有双重身份，所以不能用that.) 3.This is the teacher I met in the street just now.(作宾语，所以可以省略)。 4.My cousin, is an engineer, went to America last week.（非限定性定语从句，不能 用that引导。） 5.先行词是he, they, those, one, ones, anyone,只能用who,不能用that. Anyone breaks the law will be punished. One works hard and without complain is welcome here. 6.关系代词指人的先行词（先行词指人）存在于there be 结构中用who。 Eg. There is someone is waiting for you at school gate. 7.先行词指人，关系代词在从句中做宾语时可以省略。 Eg. This is the teacher I met in the street just now. 8.先行词指人，介词后紧随关系代词不能省略关系代词且必须用宾格，（关系代词在此时做
定语从句 定语：修饰名词或代词的成分 一朵漂亮的花 a beautiful flower 定义：复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句 先行词：被从句修饰的名词或代词(有时可以是句子) 关系词：引导定语从句的词 作用：连接定语从句；指代先行词；在定语从句中充当成分（主宾表定状） 关系代词 that 人、物 主宾表（做宾可省） The girl that we saw yesterday was Jim’s sister.（宾） A plane is a machine that can fly.（主） which 物 主宾表 (做宾可省, 作介词宾语不可省) They planted some trees which didn’t need much water.（主） who 人 主宾表（做宾可省） There is a girl who wants to see you.（主） whom 人 宾表（做动宾可省，作介词宾语不可省） The old man who/whom you saw yesterday is a thinker. 你昨天见到的那位老人是位思想家。 whose 人、物，修饰名词作定语，相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格，可以转化为“the ＋名词＋of which/whom” 和“of which/whom ＋the ＋名词”的形式。 This is the scientist whose name is known all over the country. →This is the scientist the name of whom is known all over the country. This is the scientist of whom the name is known all over the country. Please pass me the book whose cover is green. →Please pass me the book the cover of which is green. Please pass me the book of which the cover is green. 在限制性定语从句中，关系代词指物时只能用that 而不用which 的情况： 先行词是不定代词时。 如all ，little ，few ，none ，anything ， something, everything, nothing 等 Can you give me anything that has no sugar inside? 先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时。 This is the first two -storey bus that runs in our city. 先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰 Guilin is the most beautiful city
定语从句2 导言 说英文中一个大句 译时注意这一语言差异，对掌握英语很有帮助。 定语从句是将定语扩大成一个完整句子，由关系代词或副词引导，放在所要修饰的名词之后，通常称被修饰的名词为先行词。 ● 主系定语从句表语 先行词关系代词在从句中做主语 ▲由关系代词引导的定语从句 who代替人,在从句中做主语或宾语。 which代替物，在从句中做主语或宾语。 whom代替人，在从句中做宾语。 that可以与who which whom换用。
● 主系定语从句表语 定语从句 先行词关系代词在从句中做主语 ● 主系定语从句表语 定语从句 先行词关系代词在从句中做主语 ● 主系定语从句表语 ● 定语从句主语表语 注：关系代词在从句中做宾语时可以省略。 定语从句练习
1.. 2.. 3.. 4.. 5.. 6.? 7.. 8.. 9. . 孙老师特别提示： 请网上的同学务必要自己做一下上面的句子，然后再听老师的讲解。基本句型的好坏将直接影响到高考作文分数的高低。我们发现很多好学生写出的句子存在着大量的错误，请同学们注意改正，避免在高考中丢分。 定语从句练习答案 1.. The girt who you met yesterday is my teacher’s sister . 2..
The old lady who you had looked after died yesterday. 3.. The wallet that you picked up yesterday is my teacher’s. 4.. The building which is being built is our new library. The building which they are building is our new library. 5.. The girt that you want to marry is a thief. 6.? Who 7.. The wallet which I lost yesterday is in the bag of our monitor. 8.. The BMW which I had bought was stolen. 9. . A person who knows “how” will find a job and a person who knows “why” will be a boss .
高中英语语法基础——定语从句知识点归纳讲解（附同步练习） ★先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。通常情况下，引导词前面的名词即为从句的先行词。★关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。也可以称作引导词。 ①关系代词：who，whom，which，that，whose，as，在从句内作主语、宾语等名词性成分。 ②关系副词：when，where，why在从句内作状语。 （一）. 使用who、whom、which、that的定语从句 1. who This is the boy who plays basketball very well. This is the teacher who is teaching us English. ▲who 指人, 在从句中作主语。 2. whom This is the boy (whom) I often help. The man is our headmaster (whom) you met just now. I met the girl (whom) you often praise. ▲whom 指人,在从句中作宾语, 可省略。 3. which This is the farm which keeps many cows. This is the farm (which ) I visit every year. ▲which 指事物, 在从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时可省略。 4. that 以上三种情况均可用that。指人或指物，可作主语和宾语，作宾语时可省略。 （二）. 使用whose的定语从句 Do you know the girl whose father is mayor. I used to work in an office whose window faces north. I work in a school whose students are excellent. ▲whose 指人或物的所属关系，表示“某人的”或“某物的”。whose在从句中做定语。 （三）. 只能用that 引导定语从句的情况 (1)先行词为不定代词all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much I will do all (that) I can to help you. Parents try to offer everything (that) children need. There is not much (that) I can do here. (2) 先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。 This is the first English novel (that) I have ever read. This is the last lesson (that) I will give you. This is the best film (that) I have ever seen. (3) 先行词被the only, the very 修饰时。
高中定语从句详细讲解 （一）定义及相关术语 1．定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。 2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。 3．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有when, where, why等。 关系词通常有下列三个作用：A、引导定语从句；B、代替先行词；C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。例如： The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. 该句中， who is shaking hands with my father 是定语从句，修饰先行词the man，“who”是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词the man，在定语从句中作主语。 （二）关系代词引导的定语从句 1．who 指人，在定语从句中作主语。 The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。 Those who want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning. 想去博 物馆的人必须在明晨7点到大门口集合。 Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way. 昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。 That is the teacher who teaches us physics. 那就是教我们物理的老师。 2．whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。 Mr. Liu is the person (whom) you talked about on the bus. 刘先生就是你们在公共汽车上谈 论的那个人。 Li Ming is just the boy (whom) I want to see. 李明正是我想要见的男孩。 The professor (whom) you are waiting for has come. 你正在等的教授已经来了。 The girl (whom) the teacher often praises is our monitor. 老师经常表扬的那个女孩是我们的 班长。 注意：关系代词whom 在口语或非正式文体中常可用who 来代替，也可省略。 The man (whom / who) you met just now is my old friend. 3．Which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。 Football is a game which is liked by most boys. 足球是大多数男孩所喜欢的运动。 The factory which makes computers is far away from here. 制造计算机的那家公司离这儿很远。He likes to read books which are written by foreign writers. 他喜欢外国作家写的书。 The house which is by the lake looks nice. 湖边的那幢房子看上去很漂亮。
定语从句讲解 一、详细的定语从句讲解 定语从句是由关系代词和关系副词引导的从句，其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个成分，定语从句分为限定性和非限定性从句两种。状语从句分为时间状语从句，结果状语从句，让步状语从句，原因状语从句，条件状语从句以及行为方式状语从句。名词从句包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句和同位语从句及there be句型。 （一）限定性定语从句 1. that即可代表事物也可代表人，which代表事物；它们在从句中作主语或宾语，that在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词，which在从句中作宾语则不能省略。而且，如果which在从句中作“不及物动词＋介词”的介词的宾语，注意介词不要丢掉，而且介词总是放在关系代词which的前边，但有的则放在它原来的位置 2. which作宾语时，根据先行词与定语从句之间的语义关系，先行词与which之间的介词不能丢 3. 代表物时多用which，但在带有下列词的句子中用that而不用which，这些词包括all, anything, much等，这时的that常被省略 4. who和whom引导的从句用来修饰人，分别作从句中的主语和宾语，whom作宾语时，要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语 5. where是关系副词，用来表示地点的定语从句 6. when引导定语从句表示时间 〔注〕值得一提的是，表示时间“time"一词的定语从句只用when引导，有时不用任何关系代词，当然也不用that引导 By the time you arrive in London, we will have stayed there for two weeks. I still remember the first time I met her. Each time he goes to besiness trip, he brings a lot of living necessities, such as towers, soap, toothbrush etc. 7. whose是关系代词，修饰名词作定语，相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格 8. 当从句的逻辑主语是some, any, no, somebody, anybody, nobody, something, anything, everything或nothing时，常用there is来引导 （二）非限定性定语从句：
定语从句详解与练习 〔一〕定义及相关术语 1．定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。 2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。 3．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as关系副词有when, where, why. 注意：关系代词与关系副词在定语从句中充当不同的句子成分，定语从句中缺主、宾、表，用关系代词；缺状语用关系副词，何为句子成分？ 五大根本句 1. 主+ 谓〔Vi〕I come. 2. 主+ 谓〔Vt〕+ 宾I love you. 3. 主+ 谓〔Vt〕+ 间宾+ 直宾I give him a book. 4. 主+ 谓〔Vt〕+ 宾+ 宾补I make him happy. 5. 主+ 系+ 表I am tall. 〔二〕关系代词引导的定语从句 1．which 指物，在定语从句中做主语、宾语、表语。 The house which is by the lake looks nice. 〔主〕湖边的那幢房子看上去很漂亮。 This is the pen〔which〕he bought yesterday. 〔宾〕这是他昨天买的钢笔。 She was fond of dancing, which her brother never was. (表) 她喜欢跳舞,她弟弟从不喜欢。2．that 指人/ 物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语。 The number of people that come to visit this city each year reaches one million.〔人主〕每年来参观这座城市的人数达一百万。 Where is the man〔that〕I saw this morning 〔人宾〕我今天早上看到的那个人在哪儿？ He is no longer a little boy that he used to be.〔人表〕他已经不再是以前那个小男孩儿了。The season that comes after spring is summer. 〔物主〕春天以后的季节是夏季。 The person 〔that〕you introduced to me is very kind.〔物宾〕你介绍给我的那个人很友好。 3. who 指人，在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语。 The boys who are playing football are from Class One. (主) 正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。 He is the man〔who〕I talked about to you.〔宾〕他就是我给你提到的那位男士。 He is no longer the man who he used to be. (表) 他不再是以前的那个他了。 4．whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。 Li Ming is just the boy ( whom ) I want to see. 李明正是我想要见的男孩。 5．whose 指人/ 物，在定语从句中作定语，表所属，“……的〞 I visited a scientist whose name is known all over the country. 〔人〕我拜访了一个全国知名的科学家。 I once lived in the house whose roof has fallen in. 〔物〕我曾经住在那幢屋顶已经倒塌了的房子里。 特殊情况归纳总结 规那么1：关系代词假设在限制性定语从句中做宾语并且前面无介词时，关系代词可省略。She is the woman (whom/ who/ that) I saw yesterday.
定语从句。 I，概念。一个含有引导词的句子修饰一个名词或代词，这个含有引导词的句子叫做定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。引导词不担起引导定语从句的作用，同时替代了前面的先行词并在定语从句中充当定语从句的某个句子成份。选择引导词的关键要看引导词在定语从句中充当的成份，即定语从句缺什么成份补什么成份。当然，选择引导词还要与先行词结合起来考虑。 引导定语从句的关系代词有：that, who, whom, whose, which; 关系副词有：when, where, why. II.选择定语从句引导词的一些规则。 如果定语从句缺sb，用who / that引导，who/that在从句中作主语 Do you know the man who /that spoke at the meeting just now? 如果定语从句缺sth 用which/ that 引导，which/that 在从句中作主语或宾语 The train which/that has just left is for Shenzhen. 如果定语从句缺sb and sth，用that引导 Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about ? 如果定语从句缺sb（宾语），用whom /that引导 The man (whom/ that) we have just seen is a famous writer. 如果定语从句缺sb's，或sth’s, 用whose引导 They came to a house whose back wall had broken down. Mr Tailor whose daughter is a famous film star lives next to the door . 如果先行词是the reason，一般用why引导 This is the chief reason why we did it. （也可用for which引导） 如果先行词是the way，用(that/ in which)引导 I don’t like the way (that/ in which ) he talks to others . 如果定语从句缺of sb , 用of whom引导 如果定语从句缺of sth, 用of which引导 He’s written a book the name of which I’ve completely forgotten. (也可用whose name引导) 如果定语从句缺时间状语，用when引导，或用in which \ on which \ during which ... I still remember the time when I first became a college student. （可换成at which ） Do you know the date when Lincoln was born? (可换成on which引导) 如果定语从句缺地点状语，用where引导，或用in which\ on which\ at which… His father works in a factory where radio parts are made. 注意：当先行词是表时间的time, day等和表地点的place, house等时，一定要注意分析从句的结构，如果缺少主语或宾语时，关系词应该用which或that, 缺少时间状语或地点状语时，才能用when或where，试比较： I’ll never forget the day when my hometown was liberated. I’ll never forget the days which/that we spent together last summer. His father works in a factory where radio parts are made. His father works in a factory which/that makes radio parts.
定语从句详解 Ⅰ. 概念： 定语从句:在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子在复合句中充当定语，所以叫作定语从句。 先行词：定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。 关系词：引导定语从句的词，分为关系代词（who,whom,that,which,whose）和关系副词(where,when,why,)。 复合句：The man who (that) came is Mike. 先行词关系代词 Li Ming is the one that got full marks in our class. 关系词的作用： 1) 引导定语从句，连接主句和从句，相当于一个连词； 2) 必在从句中作某个句子成份（可以做主语，宾语，表语，定语，状语） 常用的关系代词: that、which、who、whom、whose、as 、but (文语, 置于否定词之后=that/who…not…, "没有……不……", 在从句中作主语，宾语) 常用的关系副词（在从句中只作状语）: when、why、where The student who answered the question was John. I know the reason why he was so angry. The boy (whom) you are talking to is my brother. I'd like a room whose window looks out over the sea. 定语从句三步： 第一找出先行词； 第二看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能（做主语、宾语或状语）； 第三选择合适的关系词。 一. 几个关系代词的基本用法： 1. 定语从句的关系代词Which的用法:若先行词指物则代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语或宾语. This is the pen which was given by my friend. 先行词指物代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语 This is the pen which my friend gave to me. 先行词指物代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语 2. 定语从句的关系代词Who的用法: 若先行词指人则代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语或宾语(如果前面带介词则必须用whom) The man who is wearing a white suit is my brother. 先行词指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语 The man who\whom he wanted to see last week is in Shanghai. 先行词指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语 She is the girl with whom I went there. 先行词指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当介宾且介词于
【高中英语】英语语法讲解之定语从句 （一）定语从句的结构：在复合句中，修饰某个名词或代词的句子（做这个名词或代 词的定语）叫定语从句，定语从句一般放在被修饰的名词或代词后面，被修饰的名词或代 词叫做定语从句的先行词，它与定语从句之间要有一个词连接，这个词指代先行词的内容 叫做关系词（关系代词或关系副词：that,which,who,whose,when,where,why）。先行词 在定语从句中充当主语，宾语，时间，地点，原因状语。 结构：先行词+关系词+定语从句。 1.thereshesawawallofwaterthatwasquicklyadvancingtowardsher. 2.在日本，有人看到其他人在谈论他们时，会认为这意味着钱。 4.theparkhasaconservationcenterthathelpsprotectmarineanimalsandtheirhabitatsin theriversandcoastalwatersofasia. 5.访客可以在他们可以看到的地方查看他们在自己的房间内看到的东西。 6.oprahwinfreyisablackwomanwhoserisetofameisaninspiringstory. （二）定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句： 限定性定语从句：从句对先行词进行必要的描述或说明，缺少它，则句义显得不完整，从句与先行词紧密相连。 非限制性定语从句：补充和解释先行词。它与先行词之间用逗号分隔。 1.beforeshecouldmove,sheheardaloudnoise,whichgrewtoaterribleroar. 2.树木一棵接一棵地被水砍倒，水的深度必须达到米。 3.flora,whosebeautifulhairanddresswereallcoldandwet,startedcrying. 4.他们的演讲包括节奏和押韵词，这些词经常引起听众的掌声。 （三）关系词前面可以根据定语从句的内容加上一些介词，这些关系词在介词后面常 用which或whom. 2.当许多看到这些薄膜的人被困在人们在海滩上吃东西的地方时，他们会被困在海里。
中学英语定语从句详细讲解 定语从句根本概念 在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。 引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。 定语从句的关系词 引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词。 常见的关系代词包括that，which，who〔宾格whom，全部格whose〕，as 等。 关系副词包括where，when，why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的重要成分。 定语从句的分类
依据定语从句及先行词的关系，定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。 1.限制性定语从句紧跟先行词，主句及从句不用逗号分开，从句不行省去。例如： Any man that / who has a sense of duty won’t do such a thing.任何有责任感的人都不会做这样的事。 2.非限制性定语从句主句及从句之间有逗号分开，起补充说明作用，如省去，意思仍完整。例如： The house,which we bought last month,is very nice. 这幢房子很漂亮,是我们上个月买的. 留意：非限定性定语从句中不能运用关系代词that。 关系代词的用法 1.that
that既可以用于指人，也可以用于指物。在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语可省略。例如： Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle. 玛丽宠爱温顺的音乐。〔that作主语〕 The coat 〔that〕I put on the desk is blue. 我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。〔that作宾语〕 2.which which 用于指物，在句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语可省略。例如： The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.位于火车站旁边的那座大楼是一家超市。〔作主语〕 The film 〔which〕we saw last night was wonderful. 我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。〔作宾语〕 3.who，whom
完整版)定语从句语法详解 定语从句是用来修饰某一名词或代词的从句，通常放在先行词之后，由关系词引导。其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分，相当于形容词，因此也被称为形容词性从句。定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。 关系词是引导定语从句的关联词，包括关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that。who。whom。whose。which和as（主、宾、定）；关系副词有when。where。why（状语）。关系词 的作用是连接先行词和定语从句，并代替先行词在句中充当成分。 限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或者失去意义。从句和主句的关系十分密切，不可用逗号隔开，也不可省略。例如：She has found the necklace that she lost two weeks ago. 非限制性定语从句是对先行词进行补充说明，但如果去掉，主句的意思仍然完整。从句和主句之间用逗号隔开，一般用于
口语或文学作品中。例如：My friend。who is a doctor。gave me some medical advice. 这是我看过的最有趣的电影。 2.只用which的情况： 1)当先行词在从句中作表语时，只能用which，不能用that。 XXX.他给出的理由不令人信服。 2)当先行词是物时，且在从句中作主语时，只能用which，不能用that。 egThe book which is on the desk is XXX.在桌子上的书是我的。 3.既可以用that，也可以用which的情况： 1)当先行词是人或物时，且在从句中作宾语时，that和which都可以使用。 XXX.我昨天遇到的那个人是一名医生。 The car that/which I bought last year is very XXX.我去年买 的那辆车非常贵。