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中考英语形容词,副词专项讲解(含答案)

中考英语形容词,副词专项讲解(含答案)
中考英语形容词,副词专项讲解(含答案)

一.形容词

careful, helpful,useful careless,homeless,helpless,useless comfortable, probable,enjoyable,possible,impossible international, national, traditional expensive, active famous, dangerous friendly,lovely, weekly,monthly (二)以 -ly 结尾的形容词

1. 与人有关,像 ...样的,

2. 与日期有关,每 ... 的,

3. 与抽象名词结合,充满 ...的 (三)形容词的用法

一)概念:形容词修饰名词,说明事物或人的性质或特征,通常可将形容词分成性质形容 词和叙述形容词两类, 其位置不一定都放在名词前面 。

1. 直接说明事物的性质或特征的形容词是性质形容词。 【难点】

2. 叙述形容词只能作表语 ,不能做定语修饰名词,所以又称为表语形容词,这类形容词大多数 以 a 开头的形容词都属于这一类。例如: afraid , asleep, awake ,alone 等。

二)形容词的种类

1. 品质形容词:英语中大量形容词属于这一类,他们表示人或物的品质,如:

The play was boring . 那出戏很枯燥乏味。

You have anh onest face. 你有一张诚实的脸。

2. 颜色形容词有少数表示颜色的形容词,如:

She had on a blue coat. 她 穿了一件蓝色的外套。

3. -ing 形容词:有大量现在分词正在或已经变为形容词,如: interesting

4. –ed 形容词:它们是由它们的过去分词变过来的, 一般有被动意义, 多数为品质形容词, 如: interested 。She looked tired .

不排除:

The man is interesting.这个人很有趣。 The man is interested in story.

He is frightened.他很害怕。 He is frightening.他很吓人。

An excited look 心情激动的表情 an exciting look 令人激动的表情

5. 合成形容词: warm-hearted 热心的, heart-breaking 令人心碎的

练习: 1. Dracula and Frankenstein are __ C ___ film characters.

A. frighten

B. frightened

C. frightening

D. frightenly 2. __________ He is ____ in books. B

A.interesting,interested

B.interested,interesting

三)形容词的用法和在句中的位置

1、形容词在句中主要可用作:

1)定语: What a fine day!

2)表语: She looks happy .

3)宾语的补语(构成合成宾语) : Do you think it necessary? 你认为这有必要吗?

4)状语: He arrived home, hungry and tired. 他又饿又累的回到家里。

2、形容词在句中的位置:有的形容词放在被修饰的名词之前,称为前置形容词;少数形容 词放在被修饰的名词之后,称为后置形容词。

(一)认识形容词(后

缀)

1.-ful,

2.-less,

3.-able,-ible,

4.-al,

5.-ive,

6.-ous,

7.-ly, 如 friendly, motherly, manly , childly,womanly 如 monthy,yearly,weekly,

如 lonely,lively 活泼的 ,lovely 可爱的

hard-working

1)当名词被多个前置形容词修饰时,形容词之间有一个先后顺序问题。一般规则为:(限定词a/an/the)→一般描绘性形容词→表示大小、长短、高低的形容词→表示年龄、新旧的形容词→颜色的形容词→表示国籍、地区、出处的形容词→表示物质、材料的形容词→(名词)。

a beautiful small round old yellow French wooden reading room. 以这个例子编一句顺口溜:美小圆旧黄,法木阅览室。

如:There is a famous fine old stone bridge near the village. 村子附近有一座著名的漂亮的古代石桥。练习:Mr Smith bought a ___purse for his wife. B

A. small black new leather

B. small new black leather

C. leather small black new

D. black small new leather

【重点】

2)当形容词词组相当于一个定语从句时,或形容词用来修饰somebody, something,

anything, nothing 等的时候,便会出现后置形容词。如:

The boy interested in music is my brother. 对音乐赶兴趣的那个男孩是我弟弟。

Do you have anything interesting to tell us? 你有什么趣闻告诉我们吗?

二.副词

(一)认识副词(后缀)

1.-ly, carefully ,helpfully,happily

(二)以-ly 结尾的副词

类似hard(adv&adj),hardly(adv)两者意义不同的词组还有意思区别很大的:late 迟到,lately 最近;pretty=very 非常;prettily 漂亮地;You have come too late. 你来得太晚了。

Have you see him lately? 你最近见到过他吗?Latest news

The exam was pretty difficult. 这次考试相当难。

The little girl is always prettily dressed. 这个小女孩穿着总是穿得漂漂亮亮的。

意思区别相近的,分别表示具体跟抽象的意思:close(具体距离上的)接近地、紧挨地,closely (抽象)亲密地;high(具体高度)高地,highly (抽象)高度地,赞赏地;deep(空间的,具体)深度,deeply (抽象,感情上的)深深地;wide 具体距离很宽,widely 广泛地

They sat close together

Who is closely to you, your mom or your dad? Mather

The kites fly high in the sky.

His teachers think very highly of him.(老师们很欣赏他。)老师对他评价很高.

He pushed the stick deep into the mud. 把木棍深深地插进泥浆里。

Karen and Dave are deeply in love with each other. 凯伦与戴夫俩人深深地相爱着。

The door was wide open. 门被开得大大的。

We were widely different on many questions. 我们在许多问题上分歧很大。

Eg: 1.Dr Kelly walked ___ to the window to watch ____ the short man shopping on the street.

A.close;closely

B. closely;close

C.close;close

D.closely;closely

2.He sits ____ to his father, but he is ____ to mother ,he loves his mother more.

A.close;closely

B. closely;close

C.close;close

D.closely;closely

3. ____________________ The space ship flew ________________________________ in the

space, and all the people around the world speak __________________________________ of

our country.

A.highly;highly

B. high;high

C.high;highly

D.highly;high

(三)副词的用法

一)概念:用以修饰动词、形容词或其他副词的词叫做副词。例如:not(不),here(这里),now(现在)。不少副词同时也可用作介词或其它词类。如:

Have you read this book before? 副(词,作时间状语)你以前读过这本书吗?He will

arrive before ten o ('介cl词oc,k. before ten o ' c是loc介k 词短语,作时

间状语)他

将在10 点钟前到达。

二)副词的种类

1、时间副词有三类:always, often, usually, sometimes, never, ever, hardly等一般位于系动

词、情态动词和助动词之后,实之前义动词

1)表示发生时间的副词:It ' s beginning to ranionw ! 现在开始下雨了!

2)表示频繁程度的副词,也称频度副词always, often, usually, sometimes, never, ever, hardly 等一般位于系动词、情态动词和助动词之后,实之前义动词:

She often changes her mind. 她常改变主意。

3)还有一些其他表示时间的副词:

He has just had an operation. 他刚动过手术。

2、地点副词:

1)有不少表示地点的副词:

She is studying abroad . 她在国外留学。

2)还有一些部分与介词同形的副词。它们与介词同形,跟宾语的是介词,否则是副词:

①用作介词:Stand up! 起立!

②用作副词: A cat climbed up the tree. 猫爬上了树。

3)以where 构成的副词也是地点副词:It ' s the saemv e rywhere . 到处都一样。

【重点】

3、方式副词1)英语中有大量方式副词,说明行为方式(回答how 的问题):

How beautifully your wife dances. 你夫人舞跳的真美。2)还有相当多的副词,表示某些情绪:She smiled gratefully . 她感激的笑了笑。

3)还有一些以-ly 结尾的副词,表示动作发生的状况:

He left the town secretly. 他悄然离开了这座城市。【重点】

4、程度副词和强调副词1)程度副词可修饰动词,表示“到某种程度”:Is she badly hurt? 她伤得重吗?

[说明] 这类副词除修饰动词外,还可修饰形容词(a)或另一副词(b):

a. fairly simple 相当简单quite correct 完全正确

b. wonderfully well 好极了do it very quickly 干得很快

【重点】

2)much 是一个特殊的程度副词,它可以: a. 修饰形容词等:

I ' m not much good at singing. 我唱歌不太好。

b. 修饰比较级:

You sing much better than me. 你比我唱的好多了。

Their house is much nicer than ours. 他们的房子比我们的好多了。

【重点】

5. 疑问副词和连接副词

1)疑问副词:疑问副词用来引导特殊问句:

how: How is your grandmother? 你奶奶身体好吗?

where: Where does she come from?她是哪儿人?

when: When can you come? 你什么时候能来?

why: Why was he so late? 他为什么来得这么晚?

2)连接副词:连接副词意思和词形都和疑问副词一样,但都引导从句或与不定式连用:how: Do you know how to start this machine? 你知道这台机器怎样启动吗?where: I don ' t kn

o w here he lives. 我不知道他住在哪儿。(引导宾语从句)when: Tell me when you' ll be

ready告. 诉我你什么时候准备好。(引导宾语从句)why: That 'wsh y I came round. 这

就是我来的原因。(引导表语从句)

6. 一些其它类型的副词,如表示方向的副词:

Let ' s ginos ide. 咱们到里面去。

Take two stepsf orward . 向前走两步。

三)副词的位置

1. 副词修饰动词时,通常可以放在句首、句中或句末。如:

Usually I do my homework in the evening. (句首)通常我晚上做家庭作业。

I often get up at six. (句中)我常在 6 点起床。

Please speaks lowly . (句末)请慢慢说。

2. 副词修饰形容词或副词时,通常放在形容词或副词的前面如:These flowers areq uite

beautiful. (在形容词前)这些花相当漂亮。He works very hard. (在副词前)他工作很努

力。

▲ 但也有例外,如:She is old enough to go to school. (在形容词后)她已到了上学的年

龄。

3. 按一般规则, 既有地点状语又有时间状语时,地点状语应放在时间状语之前。如:

We had a meetingi n the classroom yesterday afternoon. 我们昨天下午在教室开了一个会。He watched TV at home last night. 他昨晚在家看电视。

[ 说明] ①形容词一般修饰名词,副词一般修饰动词、形容词或副词。②一些形容词后加上-ly 可以变成副词,如slow-slowly, quick-quickly, careful-carefully 等。

三.形容词变副词

形容词变副词规律小结

四.基础练习题

(一)用所给词的正确形式填空

A

1. The Greens are _______ (happy) to live in this __________ (noise) street. They have decided

to move to another place.

2. The panda has been _________ (die) for about two months.

3. I like her dress. It looks very ___________ (beauty).

4. Don ' t fee l _____ (worry) about your child. The whole class would be _____________ (friend)

to the new classmate.

5. The ________ (finally) exams usually take place at the end of June.

6. It ' s _____ (possible) for an ordinary plane to fly to the moon.

7. It 's a ______ (please) trip for all of us.

8. The children in China are living a _______ (color) life.

9. It was an ________ (amaze) match. It amazed us.

10. _______________ He felt very ______________ (sleep) and fell (sleep) soon when he lay in bed.

11. ______________________ We all had a very (enjoy) time at the party.

B

1.I don ' t like him and it would be _______________ of me to do the opposite. (honest)

2.Our holidays in Thailand were really _____________ and unforgettable. (enjoy)

3. ___________________________________________________________ The government is doing everything possible to help those __________________________________ people after the earthquake. (home)

4. __________________________________________________________________ Put on the glasses so that you can see the word on the blackboard _____________________________ . (clear)

5. _______________________________________ The war made millions of people . (home)

6. __________________________ What is the most animal in the forest? (power)

7.It is _____________ to travel by train than by air. (cheap)

8.It is _____________ for him to finish the job in two hours. He is so slow. (possible)

9. _______ , over 28,000 civilians ( 平民) lost their lives during the three-year war in Iraq. (sad)

10.I feel quite comfortable at home when it is raining ______________ outside. (heavy)

11.Jack is such a ______________ fellow, for he always leaves this or that at the office. (forget)

12.It is not _____________ to eat food with Sudan I ( 苏丹红1 号). (safely)

13. __________________ Lily is enough to get the prize in the 2006 Shanghai Junior High School English Contest. (luck)

14. ___________________________________ We' d better drive our cars on rainy days. (slow)

15.One starry night, when the seven little dwarfs went back home from work, they found something at once. (usual)

二)选择最佳答案

( )1. These oranges taste _______ .

A. good

B. well

C. to be good

D. to be well

( )2. I can ' t pay ___________ as he asked for.

A. a as high price

B.as a high price

C.as high price

D.as high a price

( )3. — We are going to see a film this evening . Why not go with us ?

— I have to do many things this evening . I ' m _______ , you see .

A. free

B. glad

C. sorry

D. busy ( )4. — Mum, Bill is coming to dinner this evening.

—OK. Let ' s give him ___ to eat.

A. something different

B. different anything

C. anything different

D. different something ( )5.The person is talking with the doctor.

A. ill 坏的可作定语、病的不可做

B. sick

C. illness

D. sickness

)5.We shouldn ' t buy the ______ bananas ,because eating them can make us feel

A. ill,sick

B. sick ,ill

C. ill,ill ) 6. The day is bright and _______ . Let A. sunny B. dark C. cloudy ) 7. Look ! ______ beautiful that lake is !

A. What

B. How

C. How a ( ) 8. ---I won't go to the Great Wall tomorrow.

--- I won't, ____ .

A. neither

B. either

C. too

D. also

) 9. He likes to do some reading in the morning, I like it,

A. too

B. either

C. neither

D. also

) 10.That maths problem is _____ difficult ____ A. too; to B. very; that C. so; that )10.That

maths problem is ______________ easy _____

A. too; to

B. very; that

C. so; that

)10.That maths problem is difficult ________

A. too; to

B. very; that

C. so; that

) 11. — What ' s on the desk? — It ' s_ ___ .

A. a new green bag

B. new green bag B. comes always early D. come always earlier

) 15. Alice___goes to school at seven.

A. usual

B. usually

C. hard )16. I haven ' t seen _____ this since I collected stamps.

A. as old a stamp as

B. so an old stamp as

C. stamp as old as

D. as an old stamp as

D. ill,illness

go for a ' wsa lk . D. What a

_ nobody can work it out.

D. very; but work it out. D. very; but _____ nobody can work it out. D. enough;that C. a green mew bag D. a bag new green ) 12. The night was very ___, so he had to take off his shoes ___.

A. quiet; quietly

B. quite; quickly

C. late; quick

D. quite; quietly

) 13. He ___ to school to clean his classroom.

A. always comes early C. always early comes ) 14. I got up today.

A. later

B. more lately

C. lately

D. late

D. a little

七、中考英语形容词_副词练习题(附答案)

八年级英语语法(形容词、副词)专项习题 一、单项填空 1.There are many young trees on ______ sides of the road. A. every B. each C. both D. all 2.--- It's so cold today. --- Yes, it's ______ than it was yesterday. A. more cold B. more colder C. much colder D. cold 3.Little Tom has ______ friends, so he often plays alone. A. more B. a little C. many D. few 4.She isn't so _______at maths as you are. A. well B. good C. better D. best 5.Peter writes _______ of the three. A. better B. best C. good D. well 6.He is ________ enough to carry the heavy box. A. stronger B. much stronger C. strong D. the strongest 7.I bought ______ exercise-books with _______money. A. a few; a few B. a few; a little C. a little; a few D. a little; a little 8.The box is _____heavy for the girl ______carry. A. too; to B. to; too C. so; that D. no; to 9.The ice in the lake is about one meter _____. It's strong enough to skate on. A. long B. high C. thick D. wide

人教版(新目标)初中英语形容词与副词的比较级与最高级

人教版(新目标)初中英语形容词与副词的比较级与最高级 (一)规则变化: 1.绝大多数的单音节和少数双音节词,加词尾-er ,-est tall—taller—tallest 2.以不发音的e结尾的单音节词和少数以-le结尾的双音节词只加-r,-st nice—nicer—nicest , able—abler—ablest 3.以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词或少数双音节词,双写结尾的辅音字母,再加-er,-est big—bigger—biggest 4.以辅音字母加y结尾的双音节词,改y为i再加-er,-est easy—easier—easiest 5.少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节词末尾加-er,-est clever—cleverer—cleverest, narrow—narrower—narrowest 6.其他双音节词和多音节词,在前面加more,most来构成比较级和最高级 easily—more easily—most easily (二)不规则变化 常见的有: good / well—better—best ; bad (ly)/ ill—worse—worst ; old—older/elder—oldest/eldest many / much—more—most ; little—less—least ; far—farther/further—farthest/furthest

用法: 1.原级比较:as + adj./adv. +as(否定为not so/as + adj./adv. +as)当as… as中间有名字时,采用as + adj. + a + n.或as + many / much + n. This is as good an example as the other is . I can carry as much paper as you can. 表示倍数的词或其他程度副词做修饰语时放在as的前面 This room is twice as big as that one. 倍数+as+adj.+as = 倍数+the +n.+of Your room is twice as larger as mine. = Your room is twice the size of mine. 2.比较级+ than 比较级前可加程度状语much, still, even, far, a lot, a little, three years. five times,20%等 He is three years older than I (am). 表示“(两个中)较……的那个”时,比较级前常加the(后面有名字时前面才能加冠词) He is the taller of the two brothers. / He is taller than his two brothers. Which is larger, Canada or Australia? / Which is the larger country, Canada or Australia? 可用比较级形式表示最高级概念,关键是要用或或否定词等把一事物(或人)与其他同类事物(或人)相分离 He is taller than any other boy / anybody else.

2018中考英语形容词和副词用法总结

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