治愈系课程教材第五课
同学们，前四节课我们完整的学习了所有疑问句类型!
那么第五节课，我们该学什么了呢!
疑问词!
我们的中文流程：疑问词+时表词+主语＋句剩+动词
大家发现,唯一疑问词还有不懂的地方！
今天学完疑问词,大家会发现什么叫一步到位!
今天学习疑问词，还是我们一直以来的习惯：中文意思+英文结构！
首先,从中文上判断的方法:
①重复问完一句话，单独重复下疑问词,就相当于把整个句子重复问了一遍形式如下:
你吃的什么,快跟我说啊，什么啊
你去哪个国家了,快告诉我啊,哪个国家啊
谁家的狗在家,快告诉我,我看看,谁家的狗
你想成为什么样的人，跟我说说，什么样的人啊（我看看跟我一样不)
其中，第一部分是完整的疑问句,最后一部分就是所重复出的疑问词
而中间部分，能更好的引出疑问词，复合中国人说话的习惯!
②信息完整
按照这种重复的方法,可能会出现下面的情况:
你去哪个国家了,快告诉我啊,哪个啊
谁家的狗在家,快告诉我,我看看，谁家的
你想成为什么样的人，跟我说说,什么样的啊（我看看跟我一样不）
疑问词就不再是:哪个国家,谁家的狗，什么样的人
而会变成：哪个(wｈich)、谁家的（whose)、什么样的（whａt kｉnｄof）
这样情况下,我们判断的标准是：信息是否完整！！!
第二种情况里:哪个什么呢,哪个国家还是城市，还是城镇,信息并不完整,所以不采取!！Ｏk，讲完了，下图,同学们自行对照！
接下来，我们从英文的结构上来学习疑问词！
疑问词总共有8个（ｗho、whｏm算一个)! 按顺序快速背出!！!
接下来我们开始讲解着8个疑问词:
Ｗho、whom、whaｔ是名词性疑问词，单独做成分，也就是单独做疑问词！What、whosｅ、ｗhich是形容词性疑问词，我们知道形容词是修饰名词的,所以他们要加上名词才可以做疑问词!
由此,我们可以得出三点结论：
①whosｅ、ｗhich必须加上名词才可以做疑问词
②wｈaｔ可以单独做疑问词，也可以加名词做疑问词
③疑问词只有８个，其他都是在这８个之上演变出来的
When、wｈere、why、ｈow是副词性疑问词
副词是修饰动词的
解释：动词如何修饰副词
以上图1类为例:
Suddenｌy(突然地）bｅａuｔiｆully（漂亮地）quiｃkly(快地)sｌｏｗｌy(慢地)louｄly(大声地）这几个词均为副词,接下来，我们从中文上看,会很清晰
例：他跑从这句中文里，我们知道跑是动词
那么他怎么跑的呢
他快地跑、他慢慢地跑、他突然地就跑了
大家能看到,快,慢，突然,这样的词是修饰动词的
现在大家能明白什么叫副词修饰动词了!
副词修饰动词,那么副词性疑问词就是对动词进行提问的!
副词修饰动词,那么副词性疑问词就是对动词进行提问的!
副词修饰动词，那么副词性疑问词就是对动词进行提问的！
例:
Ｗhen ｄｉｄｙou teｌl him
Ｗhｅre did yoｕｔelｌhim
Whｙｄiｄyoｕtｅll him
Hｏw dｉd you tｅｌｌhiｍ
在这四句话种,疑问词与你和他并没有任何关系,仅仅对动词告诉进行提问！
而提问的分别是动作发生的：时间、地点、原因、方式!、
好，到现在为止，大家应该都明白了
接下来我们继续讲
副词其实分为两种：
①修饰动词的副词(大部分)
②修饰形容词及副词这种有程度的词(极少数）
第一种刚才已经讲过了,接下来我们讲第二种！
首先明白一点,形容词和副词是有程度的,比如
高,漂亮，大很高，一般高，有点高
快，突然,大声很快，一般快，有点快
好好体验！
修饰形容词与副词程度的词有：
so very toｏpreｔty quｉｔe a ｌｉttｌe eｘｔremely
第二类副词修饰程度，例:
Hｅis so beautｉｆｕl
He runｓso ｆａst
Thaｎk you extremely much
第二类副词是修饰形容词及副词的程度的，那么第二类副词性疑问词就是形容词和副词的程度进行提问的!
第二类副词是修饰程度的，那么第二类副词性疑问词,就是对程度进行提问的！
而第二类副词性疑问词就是:how！！!！
这5节课给大家带来的课程目的，永远是两点:①把你以前死记硬背不明白的讲明白②无限的举一反三
关于明白：
现在大家应该算真知道how ｏld 是怎么来的为什么成立了
①结构上,how是第二类副词性疑问词,oｌd为形容词,跟very old 一个道理
②中文意思上,并不是多的意思,而是ｈow是对olｄ的程度进行提问,中国人的习惯会翻译成多!
同时大家也可以回想下，你们以前印象里，ｈｏw后面可以接词做疑问词的,是不是都是形容词和副词
关于举一反三;
接下来，不管你有没有见过,感觉对不对,只要是形容词和副词这样有程度的词,加上全部正确!
小方法：只要中文里可以用很。。。多。。。比如很高多高
L6U n i t1-1L i s t e n i n g事故和身体恢复 Harry Beecham works for a hi-tech German company based in the Munich. Last month, he was in an automobile accident. He was on his way to attend an important meeting in New York City. He had just arrived on a flight from London and was taking a taxi into the city. The weather was terrible and the road was icy. He was in a hurry so he asked the taxi driver to get him into the city as soon as possible. The taxi driver agreed and sped up but just as they left the airport, the car was out of control. It spun around and skidded into(滑入) the path of an oncoming truck. Fortunately, the truck was going too fast, so nobody was killed. But the taxi was severely damaged and both passengers were injured. The taxi driver survived with only a few injured because he was wearing a seatbelt. The car accident wouldn’t have been happened had the weather been better. Had he put on his seatbelt, he might not have been injured so badly. Had the weather been better, the accident wouldn’t have been happened. The taxi airbag had also been deployed(使展开), absorbing much of the impact. However, Harry, who was in the back seat, having put on his seatbelt. As a result, he was severely injured, and had to be rushed to the hospital. Now, a month later, Harry still can’t remember much of what happened. When he first woke up in the hospital, it was several hours after the accident and he wasn’t sure where he was. The bad news was that he couldn’t move his legs. This was because his back had been broken in the accident. The doctor later told him that he might never regain the use of his legs. Some of his nerves in his spine(脊柱) and legs had been damaged but everything else was OK. Now, Harry is trying to figure out what to do. If he works hard and exercises every day, there will still a chance that he legs will recover on their own. There are also some new treatments that might help his nerve regenerate. Still, he should be prepared for the long recovery and possibility that he might never walk again. Without the use of his legs, he wouldn’t be able to continue working in the same way. it wouldn’t be possible to travel, so he would have to find another way to attend the meeting. Either that or he would have to look for another way to make a living. Harry has a good disability insurance, so mon ey won’t be problem for a while. But sooner or later, he wants to be able to earns a living again. Of course he isn’t planning to give up on his legs. If he works hard, he might still be able to regain the use and learn to walk again. Some of his nerves had been damaged but there was a chance that they were healed. The new drugs being developed might make it possible for the nerves to grow back. Still, he has to face the possibility that nothing will work. Whatever happens, Harry is determined to think posi tively. Even he can’t walk, he can still attend the meeting all over the world. With technology, he could be anywhere and there is much that he can still do. Luckily, he still has to use his arms and hands and his brain is still functioning. With the right attitude, he can find a way forward. There is no reason to despair in or feeling sorry for oneself. That kind of think won’t solve anything. He just hopes that his company or another will get him a chance to prove himself. He could still be a valuable asset for them, come or make. Spun around使…旋转( spin的过去式和过去分词) L6 Unit 1-1 Dialogue 衣着和礼仪 Hey, what do you think? do you like it? No, it’s too short. We can’t wear that to the office. If you do, nobody will be able to concentrate.
UNIT 1 Text A conduct 进行；实施 reveal 揭示，透露 according to 根据...所说（所示） make the most of最大限度利用 innate （素质）天生的，天赋的 attain〖正式〗（长期努力后）获得，达成 academic （大专院校）教学（上）的，学术性的 excellence 优秀，卓越 principle原则，原理 to begin with首先，第一点 priority优先考虑（或照顾）的事 compromise做出妥协，折衷解决 snack(正餐以外的)小吃，点心 in other words 换句话说 recreation 娱乐，消遣 addition 增加 in addition to 除此之外，另外 athlete（田径）运动员 memorise记住，记下 biology 生物学 work out (非正式)锻炼，健身 interview 对(某人)进行面谈（面试） thrive兴旺，茁壮成长 consistency一致性，连贯性 factor因素 perform履行，实行，完成 involve使卷入，牵涉 be/get involved in使某人（某事物）参与某活动动或陷入某情况band(尤指流行音乐的)乐队，乐团 track and field田径运动 rugby 橄榄球 association协会，社团. debate辩论，辩论会 disclose 公开，揭露 file 把（文件、信件）汇存起来，把…归档 colour-coded用颜色标记的 folder文件夹，硬纸夹 available可获得的，可用的，可看见的 technique(尤指艺术，音乐，文学等方面的)技巧，手法advocate 提倡，主张 effectively 有效地 retention 记忆(力)，保持，保留
Chapter 6 Pragmatics 语用学 1.What is pragmatics? 什么是语用学？ Pragmatics can be defined as the study of how speakers of a language use sentences to effect successful communication. As the process of communication is essentially a process of conveying meaning in a certain context, pragmatics can also be regarded as a kind of meaning study. It places the study of meaning in the context in which language is used. 语用学研究的是说某种语言的人怎样用句子去实现成功的交际。 由于交际的过程从本质来说是在一定的语境中表达意义的过程，因而语用学的本质是一种意义研究。它是一种将语言置于使用的语境中去的意义研究。 2.Pragmatics and semantics 语用学和语义学 Pragmatics and semantics are both linguistic studies of meaning, but they are different. What essentially distinguishes semantics and pragmatics is whether in the study of meaning, the context of use is considered. If it is not considered, the study is restricted to the area of traditional semantics; if it is considered, the study is being carried out in the area of pragmatics. 语用学和语义学都是对意义的语言学研究，但两者是不同的。它们的本质区别在于研究意义时是否考虑了语言使用的语境。没有考虑到语境进行的研究就没有超出传统语义学的研究范围；相反，考虑到语境进行的研究就属于语用学的研究范围。 3.Context 语境 Context is essential to the pragmatic study of language. It is generally considered as constituted by the knowledge shared by the speaker and the hearer. 语境是语言的语用研究中不可缺少的概念。它一般被理解为说话者和听话者所共有的知识。The shared knowledge is of two types: the knowledge of the language they use, and the knowledge about the world, including the general knowledge about the world and the specific knowledge about the situation in which linguistic communication is taking place. 共有的知识包括他们所使用的语言方面的知识和双方对世界的认识，包括对世界的总的认识和对正在进行的语言交际所处的环境的具体认识。 4.Sentence meaning and utterance meaning 句子意义和话语意义The meaning of a sentence is abstract, and de-contextualized, while utterance meaning is concrete, and context-dependent. Utterance is based on sentence meaning; it is the realization of the abstract meaning of a sentence in a real situation of communication, or simply in a context. 句子的意义是抽象的，非语境化的，而话语的意义是具体的，受语境制约的。话语意义基于句子意义；它是一个句子的抽象意义在特定语境中的具体体现，或简而言之，在一个语境中的具体化。 5.Speech act theory 言语行为理论 Speech act theory is an important theory in the pragmatic study of language. It was originated with the British philosopher John Austin in the late 50’s of the 20th century. 言语行为理论是语言语用研究中的一个重要理论。它最初是由英国哲学家约翰.奥斯汀在20世纪50年代提出的。 According to speech act theory, we are performing actions when we are speaking.
语言学教程笔记 第一章语言学导论 语言的定义特征：从本质上将人类语言与动物语言区分开的人类语言的区别性特点。 1. 任意性：任意性是指语言符号的形式与所表示的意义没有天然的联系，任意性是语言的核 心特征。例如，我们无法解释为什么一本书读作 a /buk/，一支钢笔读作a /pe n/。 任意性具有不同层次：（1）语素音义关系的任意性。（2）句法层面上的任意性。 （3） 任意性和规约性。 2. 二层性：二层性是指拥有两层结构的这种特性，上层结构的单位由底层结构的元素构成， 每层都有自身的组合规则。话语的组成元素是本身不传达意义的语音，语音的唯一作用就是 相互组合构成有意义的单位，比如词。因为底层单位是无意的，而上层单位有明确的意义，所以我们把语音叫做底层单位，与词等上层单位相对。二层性使语言拥有了一种强大的能产 性。 3. 创造性：创造性指语言的能产性，指语言有制造无穷长句的潜力，这来源于语言的二层性 和递归性。利用二重性说话者可以通过组合基本语言单位，无止境地生成句子，大多数都是以前没有过的或没有听过的。 4. 移位性：是指人类语言可以让使用者在交际时用语言符号代表时间上和空间上并不可及的 物体、时间或观点。因此我们可以提及孔子或北极，虽然前者已经去世两千五百五十多年而 后者位置距我们非常之远。语言使我们能够谈及已不存在或还未出现的事物。移位性赋予人 们的概括与抽象能力使人类受益无穷。词在指称具体物体时，并不总是出现在即时、形象化 的语境中。他们通常为了体现指称含义而被使用。 5. 文化传递性：语言不是靠遗传，而是通过文化传递的。 6. 互换性：指人可以是信息的发出者，也可以是信息的接受者，即人作为说话者和听话者的 角色是可以随意更换的。 元语言功能：我们的语言可以用来讨论语言本身。比如说，我可以用“书”指代一本书，也可以用“书这个词”来指代“书”这个词本身。这使语言具有无限的自我反身性：人类可以谈论“说话”，也可以思考“思考"。所以只有人类才能提问：元语言功能对交际、思考及人类的意义是什么？
L4——U2——1/4listening Earthformsandextinction A 1.Theearthwasformedaboutfourpointsixbillion(46亿)yearsago. 2.Thefirstlifeappearedaboutabillion(10亿)yearslater. 3.Thefirstplant-like didn’tappearuntilaround twobillion(20亿)yearsago. 4.Untilaboutfivehundredeightymillion(五亿八千 万)yearsagolifeformsweresmallandmicroscopic(极小的，微小的). 5.Sincethattime,lifehasevolved(进化)intomanydifferenttypesorspecies. 6.Howeverscientistsestimate(估计)thatmorethanninetyninepercent（99%） ofthemarenowextinct(灭绝的). B 1.Therehavebeenseveralextinction(绝种)eventsinthehistoryoftheearth. 2.Inanextinctioneventsmanylifeformsorspeciesoflifedieout. 3.Thecausesofmassextinctioneventsareunsolvedmysteries(未解之谜). 4.Theseeventsarenotpredictable(预告)andcanhappenatanytime. 5.Scientiststhinkthatsomeofthemwerestartedbyasteroidimpacts(影响，碰击或者装 机)orvolcaniceruptions(火山爆发). 6.Eventslikethis,canchangetheglobalconditionsthatlifedependson. C 1.Onemajorextinctioneventhappenedaboutsixty-sixmillion(6600万)yearsago. 2.Thateventmayhavebeenstartedbyalargeasteroidthathittheearth. 3.Asaresult,thedinosaursandabouthalfofallspecies(物种，种类，类型)ontheplanetdieout. 4.Whentheasteroidshittheearth,itstartedachainofevents. 5.Achainofeventsisaseriesofeventslinkedtogetherlikeachain. D 1.Thisparticularchainofeventshappenedoveraperiodofmonthsandyears. 2.Whentheasteroidhittheearth,itcausedahugecloudofdusttoentertheatmosphere. 3.ThiscloudofdustblockedtheSunanddarkenedtheEarthformanymonths. 4.Withoutenoughsunlight,plantsandplant-eatinganimalsquicklydied.
U3L1知识点 1.summer holidays =summer vacation暑假 during winter holidays 提问: how long https://www.doczj.com/doc/815253261.html,st？ winter holidays 寒假 during national holidays 国庆假期 on National Day be on holiday 在休假中 2.go on a study trip to London/New York. 3.leave（left）for… =set off/out for… =start for… leave A for B离开A地去B地when are you leaving for Beijing? (be going/coming/leaving/arriving表示将来。。。) 4.attend-atten tion-atten tive-atten tively —attendance n. 出席；到场；出席人数 attend an English class (attend a/an meeting/lecture/evening school) Pay (much/more/little/less) attention to listen to...attentively
she is attentive.=she is an attentive girl. 5.package Go on a package tour to… Pack –package go on a package tour to Beijing =go to Beijing on a package tour 6.tour-tour ist-tour ism tour guide 导游 tourist’s guide 导游图，导览图。 tour=trip=journey=travel book a tour to Beijing , book a tour for three. Book a ticket for F1 7. at weekends on weekdays 8. sight-sightseeing go sightseeing go sightseeing around Beijing go to spl. by sightseeing bus/tour bus. 9.sb. spend/spent …doing sth. Sb. spend/spent …on sth. It takes/took me/him…to do sth.
第一章 Chapter 1 Invitations to Linguistics Teaching aims: let the students have the general idea about language and linguistics. Teaching difficulties: design features of language ; some important distinctions in linguistics Teaching procedures https://www.doczj.com/doc/815253261.html,nguage 1.1Why study language?为什么学习语言 A tool for communication交流的工具 An integral part of our life and humanity 人类生活和人性中不可或缺的一部分. If we are not fully aware of the nature and mechanism of our language, we will be ignorant of what constitutes our essential humanity.如果不能完全理解语言的本质和结构,我们就会对人类的本质一无所知. 1.2What is language?什么是语言 1.2.1different senses of language 语言的不同意义 1. what a person says( concrete act of speech) a person’s consistent way of speaking or writing a particular level of speaking or writing e.g. colloquial language an abstract system 2. A Webster’s New Dictionary offers a frequently used sense of the word “language”: a. human speech 人类的言语 b. the ability to communicate by this means 通过言语来交流的能力 c. a system of vocal sounds and combinations of such sounds to which meaning is attributed, used for the expression or communication of thoughts and feelings; 用来表达或交流思想和感觉的一套声 音及这些声音互相结合的系统 d. the written representation of such a system 系统的文字表达 3. the barest of definition, language is a means of verbal communication.最简洁的定义:语言是言语交 流的一种方式. Language is instrumental in that communicating by speaking or writing is a purposeful act. It is social and conventional in that language is a social semiostic and communication can only take place effectively if all the users share a broad understanding of human interaction including such associated factors as nonverbal cues, motivation, and socio-cultural roles. Language distinguishes us from animals.因为说和写的交流方式是一种有目的的行为,所以语言是实用性的;因为语言 是社会符号,语言的交流只能在所有参与者广泛理解了人类的那些非言语的暗示,动机,社会文 化角色等等互相关联的因素之后才能有效进行,因此语言又是社会的,约定俗成的.语言使人类 区别于动物. 1.2.2definitions Language is a system of arbitrary vocal symbols used for human communication. What is communication? A process in which information is transmitted from a source (sender or speaker) to a goal (receiver or listener). A system----since elements in it are arranged according to certain rules systematically, rather than randomly. They cannot be arranged at will. e.g. He the table cleaned. (×) bkli (×) Why do we say language is arbitrary? Arbitrary----there is no intrinsic (logic) connection between a linguistic form and its meaning, between the sounds that people use and the objects to which these sounds refer. This explains and is
Chapter 5 Semantics ?Semantics----the study of language meaning. ?Semantics is defined as the study of meaning. However, it is not the only linguistic discipline that studies meaning. ?Semantics answers the question “what does this sentence mean”. In other w ords, it is the analysis of conventional meanings in words and sentences out of context. ?Meaning is central to the study of communication. ?Classification of lexical meanings. Here are G. Leech’s seven types of meaning. ( British linguist) ? 1. Conceptual meaning (also called denotative or cognitive meaning) is the essential and inextricable part of what language is, and is widely regarded as the central factor in verbal communication. It means that the meaning of words may be discussed in terms of what they denote or refer to. ? 2. Connotative meaning – the communicative value an expression has by virtue of what it refers to, embraces the properties of the referent, peripheral ? 3. Social meaning (stylistic meaning) –what is conveyed about the social circumstances of the use of a linguistic expression ? 4. Affective meaning (affected meaning)– what is communicated of the feeling or attitude of the speaker/writer towards what is referred to ? 5. Reflected meaning – what is communicated through association with another sense of the same expression ?Taboos ? 6. Collocative meaning – the associated meaning a word acquires in line with the meaning of words which tend to co-occur with it ?(2, 3, 4, 5, 6 can be together called associative meaning–meaning that hinges on referential meaning, less stable, more culture-specific ) 7. Thematic meaning—what is communicated by the way in which the message is organized in terms of order ?What is meaning?---- Scholars under different scientific backgrounds have different understandings of language meaning. Some views concerning the study of meaning ?Naming theory (Plato) ?The conceptualist view ?Contextualism (Bloomfield) ?Behaviorism Naming theory (Plato): Words are names or labels for things. The linguistic forms or symbols, in other words, the words used in a language are taken to be labels of the objects they stand for; words are just names or labels for things ?Limitations: 1) Applicable to nouns only. 2) There are nouns which denote things that do not exist in the real world, e.g. ghost, dragon, unicorn, phenix… 3) There are nouns that do not refer to physical objects but abstract notions, e.g. joy, impulse, hatred…
L2-U1-1/5 Listening Jackson family 1 A 1. This is the Jackson family. 2. It’s a family of four. 3. Bill and Helen are the parents. 4. They have two children. 5. Both of their children are girls. 练：1. They don’t have any boys. B 1. Lisa is the oldest of the girls. 2. She’s twelve years old. 3. Angela is the youngest. 4. She’s nine. 5. They also have a dog. 6. Its name is Jumper. 7. Its name is Jumper because he likes to jump. 8. Jumper can jump rope! C 1. The Jackson family lives in Shanghai. 2. They live in a large apartment building. 3. Their apartment building has many apartments. 4. Their apartment is on the 5th( fifth) floor. 5. They usually take the elevator to the 5th(fifth) floor. 6. Sometimes the elevator doesn’t work. 7. Then they take the stairs. D 1. There are many trees outside their apartment building. 2. There is also a small pond.
1）法官要求记者不要公开受害人的姓名。[disclose] The judge asked the reporters not to disclose the name of the victim. 2）老师费尽苦心使我们全都理解他说的话。[take pains to do sth ] The teacher took pains to make sure that we all understood what he said. 3）最近学校在学业优秀的学生中进行了一项调查。[conduct,attain] Recently the school conducted a survey among those students who have attainedacademicexcellence. 4）他说他要接受这份工作，我们要求他写封信证实。[confirm] He said he would accept the job, so we have asked him to confirm his acceptance bywriting us aletter. 5）乔治学习很努力，他要尽量利用学习的机会。[make the most of] George studies very hard. He wants to make the most of his chance to learn. 6）我们不能去。第一，天太冷，另外，我们正忙着。[to begin with] We can’t go. To begin with, it’s too cold. Besides, we’re busy. 7）该是有人公开讲清楚这写基本事实的时候了。[speak up] It’s about time that someone spoke up for these basic truths/facts. 8）此时此刻你应该工作而不应该在床上躺着。[instead of] You should be working now, insteading of lying on bed. 9）他发言时，我要记些笔记。[jot down] While he speaks/makes a speech, I will jot down some notes. 10）我自己无法提起这个箱子，它太重了。[on one’s own] I can’t carry the suitcase on my own, it’s too heavy.
L2-U2-1/5 Listening Den’s family/ Lisa’s class A 1. Dan is a pilot. 2. He works for Global airlines. 3. Global airlines is an airline company. 4. Dan flies airplanes all over the world. 5. He’s tall and he has brown hair. 6. He often wears sunglasses. B 1. Lisa is a student. 2. She has black hair. 3. She has a round face. 4. She’s wearing a yellow dress. C 1. Cathy lives in Canada. 2. she has 3 children. 3. Her husband is Paul. 4. She has brown hair and blue eyes. D 1. This man is 65 years old. 2. He has 3 grandchildren. 3. He has grey hair. 4. He also has a grey beard. 5. He always wears glasses. 6. He wears glasses because he can’t see very well. E 1. This is Lisa’s class schedule for today. 2. She gets to school at 7:55(seven fifty-five). 3. Her first class starts at 8:00. 4. It’s her math class. 5. It lasts for 50 minutes. 6. It finishes at 8:50(eight fifty). 7. She has a 10-minutes break from 8:50 until 9:00. F 1. Her second class stars at 9:00. 2. It finishes at 9:50.
1. eager (adj.) 热切的，渴望的 be eager to do sth. 渴望做某事 I was eager to get back to work as soon as possible. 我迫不及待地想尽快回去工作。 be eager for 渴望得到 He is eager for success. 他渴望取得成功。 eagerly (adv.) (= in an eager way) 热切地，渴望地 eagerness (n.) [U] 渴望 People were pushing each other out of the way in their eagerness to get to the front. 人们争先恐后地互相推搡，都渴望到前方。 eager beaver (n.) [C] 过分热切之人；干活特别卖力的人 2. be willing to do乐意做某事 How much are they willing to pay? 他们愿意付多少钱？ 3. expect (vt.) (1) 预料；预计，认为……会发生 I expect John home at six o’clock. 我预计约翰6点钟到家。 expect to do sth.预料某事 I expect to be back within a week. 我预料在一周内回来。 expect sb. / sth. to do sth. 预料某人做某事 I didn’t expect him to stay so long. 我没有料到他会待这么长时间。 expect (that) 预料某事 I expected that she’ll pass the exam. 我预料她会通过考试的。 as expected 正如所期待的/ 正如所预料的 As expected, the whole family was shocked by the news. 正如所预料中的，全家都被这消息震惊了。 (2) 指望，期盼 expect sth. from / of sb. 指望某人某事 The officer expects complete obedience from his troops.