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治愈系英语笔记3

治愈系英语笔记3
治愈系英语笔记3

治愈系英语笔记3 -CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1

治愈系课程教材第三课

以上5题首先要判断疑问词,介词疑问词

序号中文时态疑问词

时表

主语句剩动词其他

1你平常都向谁汇报你的工作一般现在

To whom do you report your work

2你准备怎么跟警察说这件事一般将来

How are you

going

to

tell the police the thing

3小偷是从哪个

窗户进入这个

房间的

一般过去

From which did the thief get in the room

4耿老师现在在

哪间教室上课

呢?

现在进行

In which classroom is Mr. Geng having a class

5他是用什么又是怎么打你的一般过去

How and with what did he beat you

知识点①:一般现在时

一般现在时在上节课讲过,表示最近一段时间都会发生的相同动作,表示习惯,句子里一定会有“平常”“一般”“老”

总结下来两点:

①表示以现在为中心的时间段

②表习惯,句子里一定会有“平常”“一般”“老”

问题:你不认识他吗

这句话什么时态,想想自己如何判断的,能否百分百确定

看下图

一般现在时表示平常的习惯与真理是大家都知道的,真理一般有:太阳围着地球转,油会浮在水上面,大河向东流等等。属于后面的内容,本节课不讲!

表示平常习惯时,一定要有“平常”“一般”“老”等字眼

比如黄色字体举例:

你平常都在哪吃饭啊

他周末一般都看电影吗

你怎么老给我打电话

他平常都什么时候来

好,这都没问题,都是之前的内容,接下来带大家认识下图中第二部分的词汇

Know 知道、认识

Have 有

Like 喜欢 hate 恨

Want 想要 need 需要

Look 看起来 look like 看起来像

接下来大家试着翻译几个句子

Do you have a pen

Do you like me

Do you want to go to BJ

大家会发现,这些句子翻译时并没有“平常”“一般”“老”这样的字眼

你有笔吗

你喜欢我吗

你想去北京吗

那么为什么会出现这种情况呢

大家会发现需要加“平常”“一般”“老”这样字眼的词:eat come watch call。它们延续的时间比较短或者不能延续,一般不可能超过一天

而第二类词它们延续的时间可以很长

比如

我从出生就认识他了,到现在为止认识40年(认识这个动作持续了40年)

我从小就想成为一名医生(想这个动作持续了很久)

我三年前开始喜欢英语一直到现在(喜欢这个动作持续了3年)

这个房子看起来很大(那么从房子被建到被拆的几十年里会一直持续这种状态)

好,准备工作已经做好,现在我们明白了三点:

①一般现在时表示以现在为中心的一个时间段

②有一类词延续的时间短或不可以研修

③有一类词延续的时间长

我们需要解决的问题:

直接上图

从上图,我们可以看出:

延续时间短的词,以eat 吃为例,从过去的某个时间开始,因为延续时间短,所以很快会结束,可是因为一般现在时表示从过去到现在的时间段,又要继续延续,所以只开重新开始吃这个动作,结束后再延续,结束后再延续。。。

因为在这个时间段内,重复相同的动作

所以,一般现在时表平常的习惯

现在大家应该明白为什么了

而延续时间比较长的词know 知道,从过去的某个时间开始,不会间断,会一直延续完整个时间段,所以,不表示习惯,所以,不用加“平常”“一般”“老”这样的字眼,而同时,它并没有任何特殊意义,就是最普通的一般现在时,表示这个时间段的事情而已!

而这样延续时间长的词,时态极其好判断,不强调以前,不强调以后,就是现在。

再回到刚才的问题:你不认识他吗

大家现在应该能很清晰有根据的判断出时态来。

认识,延续时间长,没有强调你以前不认识他吗,也没有强调你以后不会认识他吗,而是就问现在的事情,所以是一般现在时!

现在大家已经知道如何去判断一般现在时:

①如果延续时间短或不可以延续,表习惯,中文有“平常”“一般”“老”

②如果延续时间长,不强调以前或以后,就是一般现在时

而能清晰判断出一般现在时,还不是最终目的,最终目的是,一般现在时这个最容易混淆的时态没问题后,四中时态就都会变得清晰,最终会有如下效果:

问题:aren't you going to love me

这句话对吗

通过这句话的判断,大家会发现,你们以前学习英语时,因为都是死记硬背,所以基本靠感觉去判断,可是如果你现在的感觉能靠得住的话,你就不用再继续学习了!

今天教大家句子的正确判断方式:

①结构成立

②中文意思正确

③常用与地道

记住:

你造出的句子只要满足前两点:①绝对正确②没有人会听不懂

你前期不需要也没资格去管常用与地道:

①外国人听不懂的只有结构不对没有任何语法可言的句子

②这种所谓的不常用不地道只占极少数,而你认知的地道很大一部分属于俚语俗语

③最基本的句子不会说,最基本的结构不知道,一味追求地道,最终成为最没意义的死记硬背

接下来,我们根据①和②来判断以下句子

大家会发现以上句子,无论从英语结构还是中文句子看都是成立的!!可是

这些简单而常用的句子,除了第一句外,你却很少见,也很难用的出来,所以应该对自己的英语水平能更加了解!

知识点②:疑问词与主语相同的句子

第一节课我们就有讲到一般现在时与一般过去时有特殊性,可是前两节课并没有碰到,为什么?

因为他们的特殊性只会出现在疑问词与主语相同的句子里面!

那么什么是疑问词与主语相同的句子呢?

首先从中文上来判断:

谁告诉你的

谁杀了他

谁来乐

谁说的

谁干的

什么改变了他了人生

什么发生了

谁在哭

句中动词已用红色字体标出,大家会发现,动词前面只有一个疑问词,而疑问词又是动作的发起者,也就是主语,所以这样的句子类型就是疑问词与主语相同的句子!

这样的句子类型生活中会有很多,而今天的知识点学完后,你便能造出所有!

接下来我们从英语的结构上来讲:

①一般过去时

例句:谁给你打的电话

第一步:按公式正常去造

第二步:当疑问词与主语相同时,省略主语

第三步:主语省略后,时表词与动词会挨在一起,变成一个词called(任何一个动词+did=动词的过去式)

再给大家来个例子:什么发生了

②一般现在时

例句:谁认识他

第一步:按公式正常去造

第二步:当疑问词与主语相同时,省略主语

第三步:主语省略后,时表词与动词会挨在一起,变成一个词knows(任何一个动词+does=动词的三单形式:大部分在动词后加s,只有极少数个别,比如have的三单形式为has)

在这里需要记住一点:

当主语是who或what这样不知道几个人或几个物体时,都按单数算!!!

所以动词都要用三单形式!!

比如:

谁知道他的电话:who knows his number

谁喜欢我:who likes me

谁想去北京:who wants to go to BJ

谁需要钱:who needs money

谁平常来的更早些:who comes earlier

谁平常在家吃饭:who eats at home

总结:因为一般现在时与一般过去时有特殊性,所以当省略主语,时表词与动词挨在一起时会变成一个词,分三步!

而现在进行时,与一般将来时因为没有特殊性,所以只需要前两步!

比如

③现在进行时:

例句:谁在哭

第一步:按公式正常去造

第二步:当疑问词与主语相同时,省略主语

因为没有特殊性,时表词be 与动词 doing 挨在一起时,无变化!

④一般将来时

例句:谁要来

第一步:按公式正常去造

第二步:当疑问词与主语相同时,省略主语

因为没有特殊性,时表词be 与句剩going to 挨在一起时,无变化!

同时,因为come是不可延续性动词,所以还可以用现在进行时来表将来

好了同学们,今天的内容就全部都讲完了!好好学习,用心做作业!

治愈系英语,永远不会让你失望!

你也要加油!!

今天的作业:

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