2018年高考英语情景交际(七选五)精讲精练及(解析)答案

2018年11月高考英语浙江卷语篇分析——七选五Some people are so rude. Who sends an e-mail or a text message that just says “Thank you”? Who leaves a voice mail message rather than texts you? Who asks for a fact easily found on the Internet? 31Maybe I’m the rude one for not appreciating life’s little courtesies (礼节). But many social norms (规范) just don’t make sense to people drowning in digital communication.Take the thank-you note. Daniel Post Senning, a coauthor of Emily Post’s Etiquette, asked, “At what point does showing appreciation outweigh the cost?”32 Think of how long it takes to listen to one of those messages. In texts, you don’t have to declare who you are or even say hello. E-mail, too, is slower than a text. The worst are those who leave a voice mail and then send an e-mail message to tell you they left a voice mail.This isn’t the first time technology has changed our manners. 33 Alexander Graham Bell, the inventor, suggested that people say, “Ahoy!” Finally, hello won out, and the victory sped up the greet ing’s use in face-to-face communications.In the age of the smart phone, there is no reason to ask once-acceptable questions about: the weather forecast, a business’s phone number, or directions to a house, a restaurant, or an office, which can be easily found on a digital map. 34 And when you answer, they respond with a thank-you e-mail.How to handle these differing standards? Easy: Consider your audience. Some people, especially older ones, appreciate a thank-you message. 35 In traditional societies, the young learn from the old. But in modern societies, the old can also learn from the young. Here’s hoping that politeness never goes out of fashion but that time-wasting forms of communication do.A. Then there is voice mail.B. Others, like me, want no reply.C. But people still ask these things.D. Don’t these people realize that they’re wasting your time?E. Won’t new technology bring about changes in our daily life?F. Face-to-face communication makes comprehension much easier.G. When the telephone was invented, people didn’t know how to greet a caller.一、主题语境：人与社会——社会服务与人际沟通二、语篇类型：议论文三、宏观分析：该语篇可以归类到“提问-回答”模式。

英语高考“七选五”阅读理解真题详解22018全国卷Ⅱ【高考真题解题例析】为了让大家能把上面所提到的解题原则、方法和步骤能运用到具体的解题实践之中，下面以2018年英语高考全国卷Ⅱ中的“七选五”阅读理解试题的解答为例来说明如何解题。

【高考真题】根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

If you are already making the time to exercise, it is good indeed! With such busy lives, it can be hard to try and find the time to work out. 36 Working out in the morning provides additional benefits beyond being physically fit.●Your productivity is improved. Exercising makes you more awake and ready to handle whatever is ahead of you for the day. 37●Your metabolism(新陈代谢) gets a head start. 38 If you work out in the mornings, then you will be getting the calorie (卡路里) burning benefits for the whole day, not in your sleep.●39 Studies found that people who woke up early for exercise slept better than those who exercised in the evening. Exercise energizes you, so it is more difficult to relax and have a peaceful sleep when you are very excited.●40 If you work out bright and early in the morning, you will be more likely to stick to healthy food choices throughout the day. Who would want to ruin their good workout by eating junk food? You will want to continue to focus on positive choices.There are a lot of benefits to working out, especially in the mornings. Set your alarm clock an hour early and push yourself to work out! You will feel energized all day long.A. You will stick to your diet.B. Your quality of sleep improves.C. You prefer healthy food to fast food.D. There is no reason you should exercise in the morning.E. You can keep your head clear for 4-10 hours after exercise.F. After you exercise, you continue to burn calories throughout the day.G. If you are planning to do exercise regularly, or you’re doing it now, then listen up!【解题过程】第一步，快速浏览文章与选项，判定语篇类型、主题语境和篇章结构。

2018高考英语七选五七选五讲解与训练题（含答案）2018高考英语七选五常考点有哪些？结合历年的高考题，总结如下：七选五题型主要考查上下文的理解与推断，虽然文章整体难度一般低于阅读理解，但是却给很多同学造成了很大的心理障碍。

七个选项中选五个，比四个选项中选一个，感觉干扰性更大，很大同学在做这个题目时，总有一种眼花缭乱、心烦气躁的感觉，致使往往正确率不高。

在这里提醒同学们，首先要克服心理障碍，同时要注意方式方法。

首先，要使用铅笔在试题上标识，确定出来的选项就用铅笔划掉，一旦发现选择有误，可以方便修改，减少干扰；第二，一定要注意文章开头的段落，文章第一段一般是主题段，会点明一篇文章要讲述的内容，做到心中有数；第三，注意设空前后的句子，因为这些句子之间是顺承和联系的，所有一定要联系和理解上下文的语境，找准原文中的关键词（组）和选项中的匹配信息。

实战训练题【一】（2017浙江—高考选练题）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

Questions to Ask Before Getting Your Child a CellphoneAt what age should you get your child a cellphone？__1__However, before you decide to add your child to your family plan, ask yourself these questions.__2__If you and your child are not often apart beyond school hours, a cellphone may not be a serious necessity, but if he is independent or involved in extracurricular (课外的) activities outside your home, a cellphone could be useful, especially during emergencies as a convenient means of communication with you.Does your child understand the cost?Make sure your child understands the cost of having a cellphone.__3__Some options to help control costs include prepaid and postpaid phones, setting a monthly budget for your child.How can you keep your child’s phone usage safe and under control?Before you get your child a phone, you should discuss what it can be used for，rules he is expected tofollow, and consequences if he fails to follow them.__4____5__If you prefer to take an extra step towards monitoring his phone use, these application programs allow you to track your child’s mobile activity.A．Who needs a cellphone?B．How can you determine whether or not to buy a cellphone for your child?C．You ask your child to make use of his cellphone for learning.D．Also be sure that he can be trusted to stay within his limits from month to month.E．Also, educate yourself on what social media apps are popular with teens.F．According to Pew Research Center, the average age is between 12 and 13.G．For example, is the phone only to be used to call family, or can it be used socially?【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。

2018年高考英语新课标ii卷七选五
2018年高考英语新课标II卷的七选五部分是英语科考试中的一个重要环节，它要求考生在阅读完五篇短文后，从七个选项中选出五个最合适的段落或句子，填入文章中的空白处。

这种题型考察了学生的阅读理解能力、逻辑推理能力以及对文章结构和内容连贯性的理解。

在准备这种题型时，考生需要首先快速浏览文章，把握文章的主旨大意。

接着，阅读每个空白处前后的句子，理解它们的含义以及与空白处的逻辑关系。

然后，仔细阅读七个选项，分析每个选项的内容和语言特点，判断它们与空白处的匹配度。

在选择答案时，考生应该注意以下几点：
1. 确保选项与空白处前后文的逻辑关系一致。

2. 注意选项中的代词、连接词等是否与文章中的对应内容相匹配。

3. 考虑选项的语法结构是否与空白处前后文的语法结构相吻合。

4. 留意选项中的时态、语态是否与文章整体时态、语态保持一致。

5. 选择最符合文章主题和语境的选项。

此外，考生在做完题目后，应该再次通读全文，检查所选答案是否使文章读起来流畅自然，是否符合文章的整体逻辑和语境。

最后，考生在平时的学习中应该多读多练，提高自己的英语阅读速度和理解能力，这样才能在高考中更好地应对七选五这类题型。

通过不断的练习，考生可以熟悉题型特点，掌握解题技巧，从而在考试中取得优异的成绩。

[全国卷3年考情分析][命题者说]阅读七选五不但要求学生扎实地掌握词汇和句子、语段和语篇等方面的知识，而且要求学生具备综合分析和辩证的逻辑思维能力，这是实现学生对阅读材料深层理解的基础性能力。

这种题型的语篇主线通常都很清晰，通常都是具有明确的逻辑关系的议论文或说明文。

该题型中设有五个空，而对应的选项有七个，其中有两个选项为干扰性错误选项。

这七个选项通常包括主旨句、过渡性句子、细节注释性句子三类。

主旨句主要以标题类和主题句为主，过渡性句子通常涉及文章结构，细节注释性句子主要涉及上下文逻辑意义。

因此学生需要根据文章结构、内容选出正确的选项填入相应的空白处。

新课程标准中“提高学生用英语获取信息、处理信息、分析问题和解决问题的能力”的阅读学习的教学理念在本题型中得以充分体现，学生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑关系的理解和掌握也得到了考查。

综合上表可知，段首题和段中题是考查重点，而段中题又以并列或递进关系和转折或让步关系居多，这就要求考生必须联系上下文去做题，仔细揣摩上下句之间的逻辑关系。

因此，在做阅读七选五时，考生可以从“位置”和“逻辑”两个角度来把握该题型的解题技巧。

下面我们就从这两个角度分两个方面来突破这一题型！掌握通性通法，内化快捷解题路径一、段首题1．空格为主旨句在某段第一句设空的内容通常是该段落主旨句。

学生需要通过认真研读该段的内容，然后从选项中查找下文的同义词或其他相关词或句，从而确定答案：有时则需反复读设空处后面一两句或更多内容，确定关键信息词，然后在各个选项中查找关联词和信息句。

一般正确答案选项与所设空后的第一句在意义上是紧密衔接的，因此正确选项和原文的内容是连贯且符合逻辑的。

[示例]　(2017·全国卷Ⅲ)·__17__In order to make a change, you need to decide why it’s important. Do you want to get up in time to have breakfast with your family, get in some exercise，or just be better prepared for your day？Once you are clear about your reasons, tell your family or roommates about the change you want to make.B．Find the right motivation.[解析]　本题空格在段首，需要填一个主旨句或一个承上启下句。

2018高考III卷英语：七选五详解（北京四中详解版）北京四中高三英语教研室整理真题呈现根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

Before there was the written word, there was the language of dance. Dance expresses love and hate, joy and sorrow ,life and death, and everything else in between.36 We dance from Florida to Alaska, from north to south and sea to sea. We dance at weddings, birthdays , office parties and just to fill the time.“I adore dancing,”says Lester Bridges, the owner of a dance studio in Iowa. “I can't imagine doing anything else with my life." Bridges runs dance classes for all ages. "Teaching dance is wonderful. 37 It's great to watch them. For many of them, it's a way of meeting people and havinga social life."38 "I can tell you about one young couple," says Bridges. “They're learning to do traditional dances. They arrive at the class in low spirits and they leave with a smile. 39 ”So, do we dance in order to make ourselves feel better, calmer, healthier? Andrea Hillier says,“Dance, like the pattern of a beating heart, is life. Even after all these years, I want to get better and better. 40 I find it hard to stop! Dancing reminds me I'm alive."A. So why do we dance?B. Dance in the U.S.is everywhere.C. If you like dancing outdoors, come to America.D. My older students say it makes them feel young.E. I keep practicing even When I'm extremely tired.F. Dancing seems to change their feeling completely.G. They stayed up all night long singing and dancing.2018高考III英语七选五深度解析正确答案B D A F E答案解析1.备选项翻译A. So why do we dance?那我们为什么要跳舞呢？B. Dance in the U.S.is everywhere.在美国，舞蹈到处都是。

七选五专题练习（附参照答案）一The jobs of the future have not yet been invented. __1__ By helping them develop classicskills that will serve them well no matter what the future holds.1． CuriosityYour children need to be deeply curious. __2__ Ask kids, “ What ingredients ( 配料 ) can we add to make these pancakes even better next time ？” and then try them out. Did those ingredients make the pancakes better? What could we try next time?2． CreativityTrue creativity is the ability to take something existing and create something new from it. __3__ There are a dozen different things you can do with them. Experimenting with materials to create something new can go a long way in helping them develop their creativity.3． Interpersonal SkillsUnderstanding how others feel can be a challenge for kids. We know what's going on inside our own head, but what about others? Being able to read people helps kids from misreading a situation and jumping to false conclusions. __4__ “ Why do you think she's crying ？”“ Can you tell how that man is feeling by looking at his face ？”“If someone were to do that to you,how would you feel ？”4． Self Expression__5__ There are many ways to express thoughts and ideas— music, acting, drawing, building, photography. You may find that your child is attracted by one more than another.A ． Encourage kids to cook with you.B．And we can't forget science education.C．We can give kids chances to think about materials in new ways.D． So how can we help our kids prepare for jobs that don't yet exist?E．Gardening is another great activity for helping kids develop this skill.F． We can do this in real life or ask questions about characters in stories.G． Being able to communicate ideas in a meaningful way is a valuable skill.文章粗心：本文为一篇说明文。

2018高考I卷英语：7选5详解（北京四中详版解）北京四中高三英语教研室整理真题呈现根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

Color is fundamental in home design——something you’ll always have in every room. A grasp of how to manage color in your spaces is one of the first steps to creating rooms you’ll love to live in. Do you want a room that’s full of life? Professional? Or are you just looking for a place to relax after a long day? 36 , color is the key to making a room feel the way you want it to feel.Over the years, there have been a number of different techniques to help designers approach this important point. 37 , they can get a little complex .But good news is that there’re really only three kinds of decisions you need to make about color in your home: the small ones, the medium ones, and the large ones.38 . They’re the little spots of color like throw pillows ,mirrors and baskets that most of us use to add visual interest to our rooms .Less tiring than painting your walls and less expensive than buying a colorful sofa ,small color choices bring with them the significant benefit of being easily changeable .Medium color choices are generally furniture pieces such as sofas, dinner tables or bookshelves 39 . They require a bigger commitment than smaller ones, and they have a more powerful effect on the feeling of a space.The large color decisions in your rooms concern the walls, ceilings, and floors .Whether you’re looking at wallpaper or paint, the time, effort and relative expense put into it are significant. 40 .A. While all of them are usefulB. Whatever you’re looking forC. If you’re experimenting with a colorD. Small color choices are the ones we’re most familiar withE. It’s not really a good idea to use too many small color piecesF. So it pays to be sure, because you want to get it right the first timeG. Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways正确答案BADGF答案解析1.备选项翻译A. While all of them are useful .虽然它们都是有用的B. Whatever you’re looking for. 不管你在找什么C. If you’re experimenting with a color .如果你用一种颜色在试验D. Small color choices are the ones we’re most familiar with .小的颜色选择是我们最熟悉的E. It’s not really a good idea to use too many small color pieces .使用太多的小彩色片并不是个好主意F. So it pays to be sure, because you want to get it right the first time .所以花费是肯定的，因为你想第一次就把它做好G. Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two major ways .在两个主要方面在这一范围内的颜色选择都比小颜色的选择要胜出一筹。

(2016·新课标Ⅰ)主题：密码的设置词数：192 Secret codes(密码)keep messages private.Banks，companies，and government agencies use secret codes in doing business，especially when information is sent by computer.People have used secret codes for thousands of years.__1__ Code breaking never lags(落后)far behind code making.The science of creating and reading coded messages is called cryptography.There are three main types of cryptography.__2__ For example，the first letters of “My elephant eats too many eels”spell out the hidden message “Meet me.”__3__ You might represent each letter with a number，for example.Let's number the letters of the alphabet，in order，from 1 to 26.If we substitute a number for each letter，the message “Meet me”would read “13 5 5 20 13 5.”A code uses symbols to replace words，phrases，or sentences.To read the message of a real code，you must have a code book.__4__ For example，“bridge”might stand for “meet”and “out”might stand for “me”．The message “Bridge out”would actually mean “Meet me.”__5__ However，it is also hard to keep a code book secret for long.So codes must be changed frequently.A．It is very hard to break a code without the code book.B．In any language，some letters are used more than others.C．Only people who know the keyword can read the message.D．As long as there have been codes，people have tried to break them.E．You can hide a message by having the first letters of each word spell it out.F．With a code book，you might write down words that would stand for other words.G．Another way to hide a message is to use symbols to stand for specific letters of the alphabet.主题：如何装饰花园词数：204A garden that's just right for youHave you ever visited a garden that seemed just right for you，where the atmosphere of the garden appeared to total more than the sum(总和)of its parts？__1__．But it doesn't happen by accident.It starts with looking inside yourself and understanding who you are with respect to the natural world and how you approach the gardening process.·__2__Some people may think that a garden is no more than plants，flowers，patterns and masses of color.Others are concerned about using gardening methods that require less water and fewer fertilizers(肥料)．__3__．However，there are a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden.One of them comes from our earliest years.·Recall(回忆)your childhood memoriesOur model of what a garden should be often goes back to childhood.Grandma's rose garden and Dad's vegetable garden might be good or bad，but that's not what's important.__4__—how being in those gardens made us feel.If you'd like to build a powerful bond with your garden，start by taking some time to recall the gardens of your youth.__5__．Then go outside and work out a plan to translate your childhood memories into your grown­up garden.Have fun.A．Know why you gardenB．Find a good place for your own gardenC．It's our experience of the garden that mattersD．It's delightful to see so many beautiful flowersE．Still others may simply enjoy being outdoors and close to plantsF．You can produce that kind of magical quality in your own garden，tooG．For each of those gardens，write down the strongest memory you have主题：如何挑鱼和烹饪词数：183 Everyone knows that fish is good for health.__1__ But it seems that many people don't cook fish at home.Americans eat only about fifteen pounds of fish per person per year，but we eat twice as much fish in restaurants as at home.Buying，storing，and cooking fish isn't difficult.__2__ This text is about how to buy and cook fish in an easy way.__3__ Fresh fish should smell sweet: you should feel that you're standing at the ocean's edge.Any fishy or strong smell means the fish isn't fresh.__4__ When you have bought a fish and arrive home，you'd better store the fish in the refrigerator if you don't cook it immediately，but fresh fish should be stored in your fridge for only a day or two.Frozen fish isn't as tasty as the fresh one.There are many common methods used to cook fish.__5__ First，clean it and season it with your choice of spices(调料)．Put the whole fish on a plate and steam it in a steam pot for 8 to 10 minutes if it weighs about one pound.(A larger one will take more time.)Then，it's ready to serve.A．Do not buy it.B．The easiest is to steam it.C．This is how you can do it.D．It just requires a little knowledge.E．The fish will go bad within hours.F．When buying fish，you should first smell it.G．The fats in fish are thought to help prevent heart disease.(2016·四川)主题：女性寿命更长的原因词数：195 Both men and women are living longer these days in industrialized countries.__1__ In general，they can expect to live six or seven years more than men.One reason for this is biological.One important biological factor that helps women live longer is the difference inhormones between men and women.__2__ Between the ages of about 12 and 50，women produce hormones that are involved in fertility(生育能力)．These hormones also have a positive effect on the heart and the blood flow.In fact，women are less likely to have high blood pressure or to die from heart attacks.__3__ They help the body defend itself against some kinds of infections.This means that women generally get sick less often and less seriously than men.The common cold is a good example: women，on average，get fewer colds than men.__4__ Scientists are still not exactly sure how genes influence aging，but they believe that they do.Some think that a woman's body cells have a tendency(倾向)to age more slowly than a man's.Others think that a man's body cells have a tendency to age more quickly.__5__A．However，women，on average，live longer.B．The biological factor plays an important part.C．Women are also helped by their female genes.D．The female hormones also protect the body in another way.E．Recent research seems to support both of these possibilities.F．Therefore，women are more healthy than men and can live a better life.G．Hormones are chemicals which are produced by the body to control various body functions.(2016·北京)主题：冒险词数：264The Science of Risk-SeekingSometimes we decide that a little unnecessary danger is worth it because when we weigh the risk and the reward，the risk seems worth taking.__1__ Some of us enjoy activities that would surprise and scare the rest of us.Why？Experts say it may have to do with how our brains work.The reason why any of us take any risks at all might have to do with early humans.Risk-takers were better at hunting，fighting，or exploring.__2__ As the quality of risk-taking was passed from one generation to the next，humans ended up with a sense of adventure and a tolerance for risk.So why aren't we all jumping out of airplanes then？Well，even 200，000 years ago，too much risk­taking could get one killed.A few daring survived，though，along with a few stay­in­the­cave types.As a result，humans developed a range of character types that still exists today.So maybe you love car racing，or maybe you hate it.__3__ No matter where you are on the risk­seeking range，scientists say that your willingness to take risks increases during your teenage years.__4__ To help you do that，your brain increases your hunger for new experiences.New experiences often mean taking some risks，so your brain raises your tolerance for risk as well.__5__ For the risk-seekers，a part of the brain related to pleasure becomes active，while for the rest of us，a part of the brain related to fear becomes active.As experts continue to study the science of risk­seeking，we'll continue to hit the mountains，the waves or the shallow end of the pool.A．It all depends on your character.B．Those are the risks you should jump to take.C．Being better at those things meant a greater chance of survival.D．Thus，these well­equipped people survived because they were the fittest.E．This is when you start to move away from your family and into the bigger world.F．However，we are not all using the same reference standard to weigh risks and rewards.G．New brain research suggests our brains work differently when we face a nervous situation.(2015·新课标Ⅰ)主题：重建信任词数：243Building Trust in a Relationship AgainTrust is a learned behavior that we gain from past experiences.__1__ Trust is a risk.But you can't be successful when there's a lack of trust in a relationship that results from an action where the wrongdoer takes no responsibility to fix the mistake.Unfortunately，we've all been victims of betrayal.Whether we've been stolen from，lied to，misled，or cheated on，there are different levels of losing trust.Sometimes people simply can't trust anymore.__2__ It's understandable，but if you're willing to build trust in a relationship again，we have some steps you can take to get you there.●__3__ Having confidence in yourself will help you make better choices because you can see what the best outcome would be for your well­being.●__4__ If you've been betrayed，you are the victim of your circumstance.But there's a difference between being a victim and living with a “victim mentality”．At some point in all of our lives，we'll have our trust tested or violated.●You didn't lose “everything”．Once trust is lost，what is left？Instead of looking at the situation from this hopeless angle，look at everything you still have and be thankful for all of the good in your life.__5__ Instead，it's a healthy way to work through the experience to allow room for positive growth and forgiveness.A．Learn to really trust yourself.B．It is putting confidence in someone.C．Stop regarding yourself as the victim.D．Remember that you can expect the best in return.E．They've been too badly hurt and they can't bear to let it happen again.F．This knowledge carries over in their attitude toward their future relationships.G．Seeing the positive side of things doesn't mean you're ignoring what happened.(2015·新课标Ⅱ)主题：为马拉松做准备词数：182 Training for a marathon requires careful preparation and steady，gradual increases in the length of the runs.__1__，buy the best­fitting，best­built running shoes you can find.No one can say which brand will work best for you or feel best on your feet，so you have to rely on your experience and on the feel of each pair as you shop.When you have found shoes that seem right，walk in them for a few days to double­check the fit.__2__.As always，you should stretch(伸展)at least ten minutes before each run to prevent injuries.During the first week，do not think about distance，but run five minutes longer each day.__3__，it is wise to take a day off to rest.But during the next week，set a goal of at least a mile and a half per run.__4__.After two weeks，start timing yourself.__5__.Depending on the kind of race you plan to enter，you can set up a timetable for the remaining weeks before the race.A．After six daysB．For a good marathon runnerC．Before you begin your trainingD．With each day，increase the distance by a half mileE．If they still feel good，you can begin running in themF．Time spent for preparation raises the quality of trainingG．Now you are ready to figure out a goal of improving distance and time(2015·北京)主题：白日做梦词数：243This Way to DreamlandDaydreaming means people think about something pleasant，especially when this makes them forget what they should be doing.Daydreamers have a bad reputation for being unaware of what's happening around them.They can seem forgetful and clumsy.__1__They annoy us because they seem to be ignoring us and missing the important things.But daydreamers are also responsible for some of the greatest ideas andachievements in human history.__2__ Can you imagine what kind of world we would have without such ideas and inventions?So how can you come up with brilliant daydreams and avoid falling over tree roots or otherwise looking like a fool?First，understand that some opportunities(机会)for daydreaming are better than others.Feeling safe and relaxed will help you to slip into daydreams.__3__ And if you want to improve your chances of having a creative idea while you're daydreaming，try to do it while you are involved in another task—preferably something simple，like taking a shower or walking，or even making meaningless drawings.It's also important to know how to avoid daydreams for those times when you really need to con centrate.“Mindfulness”，being focused，is a tool that some people use to avoid falling asleep.__4__Finally，you never know what wonderful idea might strike while your mind has moved slowly away.__5__Always remember that your best ideas might come when your head is actually in the clouds.A．Having interesting things to think about also helps.B．They stare off into space and wander by themselves.C．Without wandering minds，we wouldn't have relativity，Coke or Post­it notes.D．At one time，daydreaming was thought to be a cause of some mental illnesses.E．It involves slow，steady breathing for self­control that helps people stay calm and attentive.F．Daydreams are often very simple and direct，quite unlike sleep dreams，which may be hard to understand.G．Therefore，it's a good idea to keep a notebook or voice recorder nearby when you're in the daydream zone.(2014·新课标Ⅰ)主题：培养孩子优秀的技能词数：240 The jobs of the future have not yet been invented.__1__ By helping them develop classic skills that will serve them well no matter what the future holds.1．CuriosityYour children need to be deeply curious.__2__ Ask kids，“What ingredients(配料)can we add to make these pancakes even better next time？” and then try them out.Did those ingredients make the pancakes better？What could we try next time?2．CreativityTrue creativity is the ability to take something existing and create something new from it.__3__ There are a dozen different things you can do with them.Experimenting with materials to create something new can go a long way in helping them develop their creativity.3．Interpersonal SkillsUnderstanding how others feel can be a challenge for kids.We know what's going on inside our own head，but what about others？Being able to read people helps kids from misreading a situation and jumping to false conclusions.__4__ “Why do you think she's crying？”“Can you tell how that man is feeling by looking at his face？”“If someone were to do that to you，how would you feel？”4．Self Expression__5__ There are many ways to express thoughts and ideas—music，acting，drawing，building，photography.You may find that your child is attracted by one more than another.A．Encourage kids to cook with you.B．And we can't forget science education.C．We can give kids chances to think about materials in new ways.D．So how can we help our kids prepare for jobs that don't yet exist?E．Gardening is another great activity for helping kids develop this skill.F．We can do this in real life or ask questions about characters in stories.G．Being able to communicate ideas in a meaningful way is a valuable skill.(2014·新课标Ⅱ)主题：做饭小建议词数：259Tips for Cooking on a Tight ScheduleFrom my experience，there are three main reasons why people don't cook more often：ability，money，and time.__1__Money is a topic I'll save for another day.So today I want to give you some wisdom about how to make the most of the time you spend in the kitchen.Here are three tips for great cooking on tight schedule：1．Think ahead.The moments when I think cooking is a pain are when I'm already hungry and there's nothing ready to eat.So think ahead of the coming week.When will you have time to cook？Do you have the right materials already？__2__ 2．Make your time worth it.When you do find time to cook a meal，make the most of it and save yourself time later on.Are you making one loaf of bread？__3__It takes around the same amount of time to make more of something.So save yourself the effort for a future meal.3．__4__This may surprise you，but one of the best tools for making cooking worth your time is experimentation.It gives you the chance to hit upon new ideas and recipes that can work well with your appetite and schedule.The more you learn and the more you try，the more ability you have to take control of your food and your schedule.Hopefully that gives you a good start.__5__And don't let a busy schedule discourage you from making some great changes in the way you eat and live!A．Try new things.B．Ability is easily improved.C．Make three or four instead.D．Understand your food better.E．Cooking is a burden for many people.F．Let cooking and living simply be a joy rather than a burden.G．A little time planning ahead can save a lot of work later on.(2014·辽宁)主题：保护视力词数：269 Eyesight plays a very important role in our daily life.Every waking moment，the eyes are working to see the world around us.Over forty percent of Americans worry about losing eyesight，but it's easy to include steps into our daily life to ensure healthyeyes.Here are five suggestions for a lifetime of healthy eyesight：•Schedule yearly exams.__1__ Experts advise parents to bring babies 6 to 12 months of age to the doctor for a careful check.The good news is that millions of children now can have yearly eye exams and following treatment，including eyeglasses.•Protect against UV rays(紫外线)．Long-term stay in the sun creates risk to your eyes.No matter what the season is，it's extremely important to wear sunglasses.__2__ •Give your eyes a break.Two­thirds of Americans spend up to seven hours a day using computers or other digital products.__3__ Experts recommend that people practice the 20/20/20 rule：every 20 minutes，take a 20­second break and look at something 20 feet away.•__4__ As part of a healthy diet，eat more fruits and vegetables each day.Vitamins(维生素)C and E help protect eyesight and promote eye health.•Practice safe wear and care of contact lenses(隐形眼镜)．Many Americans use contact lenses to improve their eyesight.While some follow the medical guidance for wearing contact lenses，many are breaking the rules and putting their eyesight at risk.__5__ Otherwise，you may have problems such as red eyes，pain in the eyes，or a more serious condition.A．Eat your greens.B．Eye care should begin early in life.C．They can properly protect your eyes.D．Stay in good shape by taking more vitamins.E．Parents usually don't care about their own eyesight.F．Always follow the doctor's advice for appropriate wear.G．This frequent eye activity increases the risk for eye tiredness.(2014·北京)主题：判断健康信息来源词数：241 Evaluating Sources(来源)of Health Information Making good choices about your own health requires reasonable evaluation.A key first step in bettering your evaluation ability is to look carefully at your sources ofhealth information.Reasonable evaluation includes knowing where and how to find relevant information，how to separate fact from opinion，how to recognize poor reasoning，and how to analyze information and the reliability of sources.__1__ Go to the original source.Media reports often simplify the results of medical research.Find out for yourself what a study really reported，and determine whether it was based on good science.Think about the type of study.__2__Watch for misleading languag e.Some studies will find that a behavior “contributes to” or is “associated with” an outcome；this does not mean that a certain course must lead to a certain result.__3__ Carefully read or listen to information in order to fully understand it.Use your common sense.If a report seems too good to be true，probably it is.Be especially careful of information contained in advertisements.__4__Evaluate “scientific”statements carefully，and be aware of quackery(江湖骗术)．__5__ Friends and family members can be a great source of ideas and inspiration，but each of us needs to find a healthy lifestyle that works for us.Developing the ability to evaluate reasonably and independently about health problems will serve you well throughout your life.A．Make choices that are right for you.B．The goal of an ad is to sell you something.C．Be sure to work through the critical questions.D．And examine the findings of the original research.E．Distinguish between research reports and public health advice.F．Be aware that information may also be incorrectly explained by an author's point of view.G．The following suggestions can help you sort through the health information you receive from common sources.(2013·新课标Ⅰ)主题：经营生意词数：142 Business is the organized approach to providing customers with the goods and services they want.The word business also refers to an organization that provides thesegoods and services.Most businesses seek to make a profit(利润)—that is，they aim to achieve income that is more than the costs of operating the business.__1__Commonly called nonprofits，these organizations are primarily nongovernmental service providers.__2__Business management is a term used to describe the techniques of planning，direction，and control of the operations of a business.__3__One is the establishment(制定)of broad basic policies with respect to production，sales，the purchase of equipment，materials and supplies，and accounting.__4__ The third relates to the establishment of standards of work in all departments.Direction is concerned primarily with supervision(监管)and guidance by the management in authority.__5__ A．Control includes the use of records and reports to compare actual work with the set standards for work.B．In this connection there is the difference between top management and operative management.C．Examples of nonprofit businesses include such organizations as social service agencies and many hospitals.D．However，some businesses only seek to earn enough to cover their operating costs.E．The second aspect relates to the application of these policies by departments.F．In the theory of business management，organization has two main aspects.G．Planning in business management has three main aspects.(2013·新课标Ⅱ)主题：演讲培训词数：208Public Speaking Training•Get a coach__1__，so get help.Since there are about a billion companies out there all ready to offer you public speaking training and courses，here are some things to look for when deciding the training that's right for you.•Focus on positivesAny training you do to become more effective at public speaking should alwaysfocus on the positive aspects of what you already do well.Nothing can hurt confidence more than being told that you aren't doing well.__2__，so good public speaking training should develop those instead of telling you what you shouldn't do.•__3__If you find a public speaking course that looks as though it's going to give you lots of dos and don'ts，walk away！Your brain is so full of what you're going to be talking about.__4__.As far as we're concerned，there are basically no hard and fast rules about public speaking.Your audience can be your friends.•You are a special person not a cloneMost importantly，good public speaking training should treat you as a special one，with your own personal habits.__5__.Your training course should help you bring out your personality，not try to turn you into someone you're not.A．You aren't like anybody elseB．You already do lots of things wellC．Turn your back on too many rulesD．Check the rules about dos and don'tsE．Whatever the presentation，public speaking is toughF．The one thing you don't want is for them to fall asleepG．So trying to force a whole set of rules into it will just make things worse(2013·北京)主题：城市化进程词数：274UrbanizationUntil relatively recently，the vast majority of human beings lived and died without ever seeing a city.The first city was probably founded no more than 5，500 years ago.__1__In fact，nearly everyone lived on farms or in tiny rural(乡村的)villages.It was not until the 20th century that Great Britain became the first urban society in history—a society in which the majority of people live in cities and do not farm for a living.Britain was only the beginning.__2__The process of urbanization—themigration(迁徙)of people from the countryside to the city—was the result of modernization，which has rapidly transformed how people live and where they live.In 1990，fewer than 40% of Americans lived in urban areas.Today，over 82% of Americans live in cities.Only about 2% live on farms.__3__Large cities were impossible until agriculture became industrialized.Even in advanced agricultural societies，it took about ninety­five people on farms to feed five people in cities.__4__ Until modern times，those living in cities were mainly the ruling elite(精英)and the servants，laborers and professionals who served them.Cities survived by taxing farmers and were limited in size by the amount of surplus food that the rural population produced and by the ability to move this surplus from farm to city.Over the past two centuries，the Industrial Revolution has broken this balance between the city and the country.__5__ Today，instead of needing ninety­five farmers to feed five city people，one American farmer is able to feed more than a hundred non-farmers.A．That kept cities very small.B．The rest live in small towns.C．The effects of urban living on people should be considered.D．Soon many other industrial nations became urban societies.E．But even 200 years ago，only a few people could live in cities.F．Modernization drew people to the cities and made farmers more productive.G．Modern cities have destroyed social relations and the health of human beings.(2013·辽宁)主题：原谅的方式词数：250ForgivenessTo forgive is a virtue，but no one has ever said it is easy.When someone has deeply hurt you，it can be extremely difficult to let go of your hate.However，forgiveness is possible，and it can be surprisingly beneficial to your physical and mental health.People who forgive show less sadness，anger and stress and more hopefulness，according to a recent research.__1__Try the following steps：Calm yourself.__2__You can take a couple of breaths and think of something that gives you pleasure：a beautiful scene in nature，or someone you love.Don't wait for an apology.Many times the person who hurt you does not intend to apologize.They may have wanted to hurt you or they just don't see things the same way.__3__Keep in mind that forgiveness does not necessarily mean becoming friends again with the person who upset you.Take the control away from your offender (冒犯者)．Rethinking about your hurt gives power to the person who caused you pain.Instead of focusing on your wounded feelings，learn to look for the love，beauty and kindness around you.__4__If you understand your offender，you may realize that he or she was acting out of unawareness，fear，and even love.You may want to write a letter to yourself from your offender's point of view.Don't forget to forgive yourself.__5__But it can rob you of your self­confidence if you don't do it.A．Why should you forgive?B．How should you start to forgive?C．Recognize the benefits of forgiveness.D．Try to see things from your offender's angle.E．For some people，forgiving themselves is the biggest challenge.F．To make your anger die away，try a simple stress­management technique.G．If you wait for people to apologize，you could be waiting an awfully long time.(2012·新课标)主题：克服压力的步骤词数：248Kids' health：Four steps for fighting stressEverybody gets stressed from time to time.__1__Some ways of dealing with stress—like screaming or hitting someone—don't solve(解决)much.But other ways，like talking to someone you trust，can lead you to solving your problem or at least feeling better.。

2018年北京卷Why Do We Get Angry?Anger seems simple when we are feeling it,but the causes of anger arevarious. Knowing these causes can make us examine our behavior, andcorrect bad habits. The main reasons we get angry are triggering（触发） events, personality traits（特征）, and our assessment ofsituations.______(51)Triggering events for anger are so many that to describe them all would takehundreds of pages. However, here are some examples: being cut off in traffic,a deadline approaching, experiencing physical pain, and muchmore.______(52) The reason why someone is triggered by something andothers are not is often due to one’s personal history and psychological traits.Each person,no matter who they are, has psychological imbalances. Peoplewho have personality traits that connect with competitiveness and low upsettolerance are much more likely to get angry.______(53) Also, sometimes pre-anger does not have to do with a lasting condition, but rather a temporarystate before a triggering event has occurred.______(54) Sometimes even routine occurrences become sources of pre- anger, or anger itself. Sometimes ignorance and negative (消极的)outlookson situations can create anger.______(55) However, anger can easily turn violent, and it is best to know thereasons for anger to appear in order to prevent its presence. With these mainreasons in mind, we can evaluate our level of anger throughout the day andprevent cases of outbursts by comprehending the reasons for our feelings.A. Our attitude and viewpoint on situations can create anger within us as well.B. But some types of situations can help us to get rid of the occurrence ofanger.C. Anger is rarely looked upon as a beneficial character trait, and is usually advised to reduce it.D. Anger is a particularly strong feeling and maybe people think that they have reasons to feel angry.E. Having these personality traits implies the pre-anger state, where anger isin the background of your mind.F.Understanding these reasons will control our own anger if we are willing toevaluate ourselves with a critical eye.G. Not everyone acts the same in response to events, and that is why whattriggers one person may or may not trigger another.参考译文：我们为什么会生气？当我们正在气头上时，愤怒似乎很简单，但是愤怒的原因是多种多样的。