中西宗教观之比较
Abstract
There are over 80 % of people are religious in the west , while in China , there are about 90 % are non-religious .What makes so big a contrast ? We can only get the answer when we take a look at the following aspects and then make an analysis to them :mode of thinking , point of vault , viewto god and human , view to the eternity , the role of religion in a society , regality and divineauthority as well as the relation between philosophy and religion .From the analysis we can see that there are vast diversity between China and the west world among those aspects listed above .It is the difference that makes different view and different attitude to the religion between Chinese people and the people in the west .
Key words:view to the religion comparison study diversity
A Comparison between Chinese and Western View of
Religion
Introduction
According to a statistical data of the last century, the world population of more than 5.89 billion, of which 4.8 billion people of faith to participate in more than 1500 different religious denominations and religious activities. That is, in the world's population, more than 80% of the people are religious believers. While China In contrast, more than 90% are not religious believers. How formed huge gap? In this regard, Chinese and foreign scholars of common concern. Early in 1922 published "China's problems," a book, Russell said: "China is simply no religion, not just the upper classes so, but all the people alike."In religious terms,why is there such a big difference between China and western? Originally, beyond this life for the pursuit of human born with the desire to do Chinese people it is a special case?This paper tries to talk about the reasons why Chinese people is indifferent to religions concepts from Chinese and Western cultures and the view of religions.
I.The differences on thinking structure
In the initial stage of the human mind, chaos, intuitive way of thinking and perception of integrity, is a common feature of human thinking. However, the ancient Greek as the representative of the West, "the development of a limited overall concept is the concept of material and form an entity separate from, and attribute analysis method", which "led to the traditional ideological origins of modern science.""And the ancient Chinese developed a holistic view of all things infinitely continuous communication, Dahua popular consciousness or an organic whole, the subject is more important than the specific analysis and understanding capabilities." Thus lanes of Western thinking, leading to subsequent differences in ways of thinking, customs and mental performance methods, etc. area. For example, Chinese people are accustomed to intuitive, symbolic way of thinking, so it tends to be more often the expression mystery from concrete, tended to by a realistic impressionistic; and Westerners accustomed to logical thinking, then good speculative, reanalysis and therefore earlier also quickly out of the body and spirit with that is, I was mixed primitive stage. Here present no better or worse than the other, and right or wrong, just thinking features different. This is the essence and roots of Western cultures differences reason.
II.The differences on the view of values
From the point of view of values, West and Chinese are very different. China is one of the
world's four ancient civilizations nation who is a long-term agricultural patriarchal society with the family as the basic unit of social reproduction and a relatively closed environment of self-sufficient economy gradually formed a kinship as a link to family-based. Loyalty and filial piety were the core values, although different periods show different content and features, such as moral values of Confucianism, Taoism naturalistic values, universal love utilitarian values Mohist, Legalists power utilitarian values. Chinese traditional morality is stressed on that in society, loyalty to serve the country, in family to be nice to your parents .
In medieval Europe, it ruled theology, God is the source of the highest values, and Christian values is the whole social morality. "Bible" to encourage people to despise this life, will give their all to God, listen to the call of God are the eternal pursuit of transcendent values. The faithful concentrate wait on God, rather than concentrate wait Bong parents, wife not to be paramount.After the Renaissance, humanism Europeans replaced the feudal spirit of humanism, secular values also change the rights of man from God the privilege against medieval asceticism and the afterlife concept, advocated "liberty, equality, fraternity" as the basic values, the formation of individualism and egoism reasonable values, which further results in different values and Western religion.
III.The differences on the view of the man of God
There is a big difference on view from the man of God,. God's relationship with people is no religion must answer basic questions. In god (God) worship the premise of the Christian God who advocate separation.Western religious outlook understood that God is only a supreme god, is "now exists, has always existed, the future will exist ...... all in non-human flesh," God is a trinity of personality, and often work miracles in days and extraordinary events Inspiration their personality characteristics and indirect "absolutely his." Christian with the "love of God" and "love your neighbor as yourself" the two commandments between man and God, who with St. integration, the integration of individual experience eternal metaphysical value and a physical, having indirect Personality of metaphysical realism integration of individual experience and metaphysical have personality characteristics, in order to stimulate religious feelings of believers, the ultimate concern of the esoteric and the afterlife fantasy believers.
China is different with western that stands for "unity of God." In ancient Chinese ancestor worship and worship God always naturally fit together. It is generally not purely separate ceremonies to worship heaven, heaven is often worship, the boundaries between God and man is very vague. In the private sector, some of the virtuous king, Fumiomi loyal, brave generals, and even some celebrities, paladin, etc., are revered as saints, to be a grand festival, because the people enshrined rise God or with God as protection.
IV. The differences on the status and role in society
From religious status and role in society's point of view, in the West it is quite different. Religion plays an important role in Western societies, in Western Christian society, not just the God of the universe and human creators, nurturers, but also makers and arbiter of political and ethical order of the human world. Political and moral realm, for example, first, the primary source of the West to the "Bible" for the code of ethics, Christians generally believe that these guidelines from God.Secondly, the primary sources in the West, "the Bible" is also its political thought. Unlike other social ideology, religion is both conceptual and ideological superstructure, but also institutional superstructure; both inclusive art form, content and ethical philosophy, and set truth, goodness and beauty in one; either as moral ideals to influence society, but also as an organizational system to govern the faithful. Thus, the impact is even more profound, lasting, comprehensive and effective.China and the West, in the long term as a link to the blood of patriarchal society, their traditional religious faith and belief in ancestor worship core, "Heaven" as the model of the universe, the relationship between religion and politics should be subordinated to the natural economy highly dispersible and highly centralized absolute monarchy and combining complementary basic structure of society needs.
In China, the political domination of religion, monarchy is greater than the theocracy, monarchy self-proclaimed emperor, claiming "monarchical Tianshou" by Destiny and the exercise of power, enjoys supreme authority, religion is only attached to the imperial power, under the imperial power construction and use, in order to spread and development.
Conclusion
There are many differences between Chinese and western on the view to religions.We know the reasons and respect them .There is no right or wrong concepts to God, only differences. Therefore ,world become diversified.
Bibliography:
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Differences between Chinese and Western culture As we know the differences between the our estern cultures and western cultures are quite obvious.I would like to state some of my opinions in this paper. I.difference in the thinking style People on the earth are homologous,but different people in different place have different performance on the way of thinking. Differences between Chinese and Western way of thinking reflected in many aspects.Such as the difference between abstract and concrete, reflected in their attitudes towards life can be understood as Westernersare more practical, and the Chinese are much more biased towards some spiritual experience. Westerners pay attention to logical thinking, but Chinese pay more attention to dialectical thinking and so on. As Chinese and western way of thinking are different, there are differences in expression of the order. For example,we can see that the names of western style are not like ours,they put their given names at the first place,while we put them after our family names,that is to say,we regard our family more important than ourselves,and it's the traditional way of estern thinking.Westerners have another way of thinking,they think that each person is important in our world and society,and a person should play a important role among our human beings. II.differences in daily communication Westerners are frank,but chinese are humility.The reflection between westerners and chinese on the treatment of praise is different.In the West, people can accept it generously. As the Chinese have long term impact of Confucian education, we treat others’ praise and recognition not often take the attitude of ourselves, or there is suspected of arrogant. When meeting acquaintances, chinese and westerners greet each other are also different. Chinese people often say "Have you eat ?" "Where are you going?"except the general asked”hello”. In western culture, this is not a greeting, but substantive issues. When British and American people meet,they usually use a polite phrase like "How are you?" or "Nice to meet you!" In addtion,when westerners accept gift from others,they are willing to open it and praise it directly,but chinese do not do like that. III.differences in customs Chinese people regard ourselves as descendants of the Dragon.Chinese have a supreme respect for the dragon, we think dragon is a symbol of our nation. In the dynasty time,Chinese emperors generally self-styled "dragon".However,in the West, the dragon was regarded as the devil, and it was killed by the legendary god of protection, so they set a day as a festival to celebrate the lifting of a disaster, and thank the protection of God.For this reason, when the students describe a person's lively, they say "He / She is full of vim and vigor." not"He / She is as lively as a dragon and tiger". Everyone has their favorite color, so does a country and a nation. Chinese like the red colour ,because chinese think red is a symbol of luck and enthusiam. But westerners perfer to the blue colour,they think blue can make themselves calm. Thus,the preferences of different colors can reflect the whole of a country’s aesthetic taste. IV. differences in eating cultrue Chinese and Western diets are very different, so the differences also have an impact on the national character. In China, a banquet, no matter what purpose, there will be only one form, that is, everyone sit around one table. People toast each other,and eat the same food in one plate,,It reflects the mutual respect between people even the traditional courteous virtue. Although from the health point of view, this dietary approach has obvious shortcomings, it is consistent with our
The different food culture and education styles in China and America 王姣 （2010级法学院法学专业20101788） 摘要：正如我们知道的那样，中国和美国在文化上有很多差异。我想谈谈中国和美国在食品和大学教育的差异。随着经济的发展，越来越多的人注意食品和教育的质量。所以饮食、教育文化在我们的日常生活中也变得很流行。其实，我们有时并不了解中国和美国在文化方面的不同。比如，它们在饮食文化、教育风格上都是不同的。 关键字：中国，美国，饮食文化，教育风格，不同 Abstract: as we all know, China and American have many differences in culture. I want to talk about the differences in food culture and education styles. With the development of economic, more and more people pay attention on food and education quality. So the food and education culture has been becoming popular in our daily life. In fact, we some times don’t know the differences with China and American of the culture. For example, they have different in diet attitude, food objects, ways of eating and education styles. Key words:China, America, food culture, education styles, different 1. The different in food culture As we all know, “there are three important things when you in the outside,which are eating, wearing and living.” Y ou can see” eating”is in the first place, eating is really important in our life. And the diet is also a kind of culture. Now, I will make some explanations about the different food culture in China and America. First, we talk about the different in diet attitudes. As we can see, in China, we will eat something with sensibility. When we choose what to eat, we will care more about the color, the smell, the taste, the shape and the device. Because our nations in the past many years, the productive level is very low, and many people are always hungry, they can’t eat enough food. So if a kind of culture treats eating as the most important thing, there will appear two situations. On one hand, this function of eating will be played to maximize, not only for surviving, but also for using it to maintain health, which is the cultural basis of “if you want to keep health, you’d better choose to enjoy some delicious food rather than take medicines”. On the other hand, if pay too much attention on food, it will make people often pursuit the delicious food. While Americans maybe more rationality. When they eat something, the things they care most are the nutritious value, such as the protein, the fat, the vitamin, the minerals and the carbohydrate. But it has made some problems, for example, from Los Angeles to New Y ork, the steak is only one taste, which has no arts to speak of. As a dish, chicken is chicken, steak is steak. Nest, we will say the food objects. In America, they think the foods are used just to eat, so they often eat a large piece of meat, the whole chicken and other “hard food”. However in China, we eat something we must enjoying the taste of it. So the Chinese cooking also
中西方文化差异的wenzhang 一、中西文化背景的差异 以中国文化为代表的东方文化，受到儒家思想和佛教、道教文化的影响深远，其根源可以上溯到两千多年前的春秋战国时代，以孔子编纂修订的“六经”为其文化基础，这种文化总的表现为：注重个人修养，注重道德力量，反对武力，注重与他人、自然的和谐相处，追求精神的超脱，以“仁”和“孝”为社会核心。同时更注重于自给自足的内向型文化，清朝时的闭关锁国正是其体现。 而以美国文化为代表的西方文化，其思想基础都是源自欧洲文艺复兴时，源头则是古希腊罗马文化，受基督教影响深远，看重个人的自由和权利，注重实践和探索，跟中国人喜欢对生命本源的哲学思考不同，他们更注重于对自然的探索和求证，从物质层面去考量生命的本源。以“爱”为社会核心。同时具有开放性的外向型文化，以新海路开辟时对新大陆的侵略为代表。 二、中西方价值观和思维方式的异同 ①科学观 在科学方面，中国人更相信先人的经验和权威，相信古人甚至超过相信今人，迷信权威，缺乏创新和探索精神，所以，尽管人类历史上四大发明都是出自中国人之手，郑和下西洋时，中国的造船技术是世界一流的，但几千人的船队七下西洋，不过为了宣示明王朝的“富有与强大”，但是当麦哲伦的船队环游世界时, 当西方人使用中国发明的指南针、火药入侵我们时，我们想到的竟然是在大海边再造一处万里长城，思维的保守与守旧，缺乏创新和探险精神由此可见一斑。 而西方人重视实践和理论，富于探险精神，倡导理性思维，通过正规的学院式教育对科学成果进行普及和推广，极大的促进了科学发展。 ②法制观 “法令所以导民也，刑法所以禁奸也。文武不备，良民惧然身修者，官未曾乱也。奉职循礼，已可以为治，何必威严哉？”可见，在中国人心中，法律只是道德的补充，所以，中国人提倡自我的完善，不提倡用法律法规来约束人，对法律的重视不是很够。在对欲望的约束方面，中国人主张用礼、道德来约束，宋代朱熹曾提出“存天理，灭人欲”的思想主张，即通过先贤的教诲和学习提高自己的修养，控制和压抑一切“不符合道德”的欲望，讲究克己复礼，这种结果导致了人格的缺陷，丧失了独立的人格，也是封建统治盛行的根由。 而西方人认为人的欲望是不应该被压制的，对于社会和个人的规范，主张用“法制”，通过制度，如三权分立的组织、政治机构来约束制约，道德则处于从属的地位。 ③民主观 中国人注重精神的自由，虽然整个封建社会二千多年的历史，基本都是封建集中制的不断加强，是民主政治的彻底丧失，但从一开始，儒家、道家的思想家们就把民主政治放到一个很高的思想高度去认识和看待, 要求统治者爱民、亲民，重视民生疾苦，孔子的“仁”治思想，孟子的“民为重、社稷次之，君为轻”思想，老子的”老吾老，以及人之老，幼吾幼，以及人之幼”思想等等，都包含着“民主”思想，但又推崇君权神授，维护等级制度，把自由、民主看成是君主权贵的赏赐。所以我们的人民总在渴望青天，希望能有好官的出现为民谋利。 而西方的民主政治认为，政出于民，一切的权利只是人民授予，让政府来行使的一种权力，所以，西方人对不能为民服务的政府，通过选票的方式可以给予否决或者改选。当然这中间可能也有许多问题，但无论认识水平上还是制度设计上，无疑都比我们要先进的多。 ④人际交往
如何对待中外文化差异英语作文 我们如何去看待，中外文化差异所带来的英语学习的思维转换?下面是给大家整理的怎样对待中外文化差异英语作文，供大家参阅! 如何对待中外文化差异英语作文篇1 The culture differences between the East and West. As we know ,there are so many differences between culture of the East and West that I can not list all of their different aspects.I will focus on the differences of diet custom and teaching system.For your better understanding ,I will set examples of China and America. It is no doubt that it is a tradition to use chopsticks for Chinese.But people in America prefer to forks and knives.This different result is based on different food they are like .Americans choose to eat beefsteak,bread,and salad,while Chinese people choose noodles ,pancakes and rice.What is more,the custom of drinking tea in China and drinking coffee in America are stand out particularly.However,there is a trend that the food in both countries has been mixture.For example,the coffee and bread have introduced to China.The famous KFC is very popular at children. The gap of teaching system between China and America is big.Chinese students always complain about their homework.Too much homework has limited the time to exercise and relax.They have to recite many things as to get a high mark.Homework comes the first to them. In my opinion,the study in America is more interesting .Teachers pay attentions to training students skills in thinking in realastic life not to emphasis on the importances of memories.In a addition,the rate of going to school ,the salary of teaching ,and the job of gruduates are quite different,too.I should say that Chima government should make great efforts to improve its teaching syetem.I am also expect to be one day ,the West give more cheers to our country.
中西方文化差异的根源 一、中西文化差异表现 1、思维模式的异同 中国人喜欢站在生命的更高处思考问题，跳出现实，重视对生命的思考，在对人和人之间，人和自然界之间，人的精神和肉体之间的关系都有深刻的思考。西方人偏重于逻辑思维或者理性思维；中国人属于抽象思维或者感性思维。而西方人更注重于从物质世界入手，去探索和求证问题的本源。 2、对待个人利益与集体利益、国家利益的异同 中国人更看重集体利益，包括家族利益、国家利益，主张控制自己的欲望，反对极端个人主义和英雄主义，往往把个人利益和集体利益，国家利益联系在一起，富于爱国和献身精神。而西方人更重视个体利益，追求人权，崇尚自由，认为如果连个体利益都无法保障，更谈何集体利益，正是这样的思想认识，最终推动了西方民主政治的发展; 3、民主观念的异同 中国人注重精神的自由，把自由、民主看成是君主权贵的赏赐。所以我们的人民总在渴望青天，希望能有好官的出现为民谋利。而西方的民主政治认为，政出于民，一切的政权只是人民授予，让政府来行使的一种公权力。 4、科学观的异同 中国人更相信先人的经验和权威，相信古人甚至超过相信今人，迷信权威，缺乏创新和探索精神。而西方人重视实践和理论，富于探险精神，倡导理性思维。通过正规的学院式教育对科学成果进行普及和推广，极大的促进了科学的发展，也最终建立了完整的科学体系;
5、中西方的道德观是迥然不同的 西方强调个体本位，而中国人提倡群体本位。中西方道德观的不同，使中西方的伦理体系和道德规范具有了不同的特点：西方重契约，中国重人伦；西方重理智，中国重人情；西方伦理重于竞争，中国则偏重于中庸、和谐；西方的伦理道德是以人性恶为出发点，强调个体的道德教育，中国儒家是从人性善的观点出发，强调个体的道德修养。 6、法制观念的异同 中国人主张用礼、道德来约束，通过先贤的教诲和学习提高自己的修养，讲究克己复礼，导致了人格的缺陷，丧失了独立的人格；而西方人认为人的原欲是不应该被压制的，对于社会和个人的规范，主张用“法制”，通过制度，如三权分立的组织、政治机构来约束制约，道德则处于从属的地位。 7、在为人处世方面的异同 中国人内敛、自省，喜欢“每日三省吾身”，为的是合于先王之道，把修养身心看的很重，推崇中庸思想，导致思想的保守、缺乏创新和开拓进取精神。西方人更热心于公益事业，把服务社会当成自己的职责。 二、中西文化差异的原因 从地理和文化的角度看，全世界可以分为东方和西方两大区域。导致它们文化差异的原因很多，本文主要归纳为三个方面： 1 、受经济制度的影响。 中国的传统经济是典型的自给自足的自然经济。人们比较安分保守。因为他们依靠一块土地可以活一辈子，文化比较内向。而且中国的古代文明，发源于大河流域，属于农业文明，“农业文明性格”造就了东方人注重伦理道德，求同求稳，以“和为贵，忍为高”为处世原则。
文化差异英语作文集团文件发布号：（9816-UATWW-MWUB-WUNN-INNUL-DQQTY-
With the rapidly growing popularity of science and technology, the process of globalization made great achievements. We have more chances to communicate with foreigners. Intercultural communicator has increasingly become a popular central issue of the public. To discuss this issue from cognitive perspective, western culture is based on individualism rather than on collectivism. For instance, in the US, you always talk about individual rights. This is clearly different in China where a country is placed above your own self. From the affect point of view, Chinese emotional expression is subtle but not directly. On the contrary, westerners express more enthusiastic. Furthermore, the Chinese people do not say yes or no, they are more accustomed to tactfully convey his meaning. No doubt, the Westerners would like to directly deliver how they think and what they want. In behavior, many behavioral differences are due to the impact of many aspects which cover environmental, cultural, historical and other factors. Do not ask for the age and income is a case in point. We should respect others. Respect for their privacy, their national culture, and religious beliefs. Second, we want to
中西方的文化差异表现在诸多方面： 一、中西方言谈的差异 在中国，对别人的健康状况表示关心是有教养、有礼貌的表现。但对西方人的健康表示关心，就不能按中国的传统方式了。一个中国学生得知其美籍教师生病后，会关切地说“you should go to see a doctor！（你应该到医院看看）。”不料，这句体贴的话反而使这位教师很不高兴。因为在这位教师看来，有病看医生这种简单的事情连小孩都知道，用不着任何人来指教。如果就某种小事给人以忠告，那显然是对其能力的怀疑，从而大大伤害其自尊心。中国人在饭桌上的热情好客经常被西方人误解为不文明的行为。因西方人认为：客人吃多吃少完全由自己决定，用不着主人为他加菜添酒，而且饮食过量是极不体面的事情，因此客人吃饭后，主人不必劝他再吃。一位美国客人看到中国主人不断地给他夹菜很不安，事后他抱怨说“主人把我当猪一样看待。” 中国人路遇熟人时，往往会无所顾忌地说：“啊呀，老兄，你近来又发福了！”或者以关切的口吻说：“老兄，你又瘦了，要注意身体啊！”而西方人若听你说“you are fat（你胖了）”或“you are so thin（你又瘦了)”, 即使比较熟悉，也会感到尴尬和难以作答。 二、价值观与道德标准的差异 1.个人荣誉感与谦虚谨慎 西方人崇拜个人奋斗，尤其为个人取得的成就自豪，从来不掩饰自己的自信心、荣誉感，以及在获得成就后的狂喜。相反，中国文化不主张炫耀个人荣誉，而是提倡谦虚。中国人反对王婆卖瓜式的自吹自擂，然而中国式的自我谦虚或自我否定却常常使西方人大为不满。“Your English is very good（你的英文很好）,” “No, no, my English is very poor（不，我的英文很差）”；“You’ve done a very good job（你的工作做的很好）,” “No, I don't think so. It's the result of joint efforts（不，这是大家共同努力得结果）.” 这种谦虚，在西方人看来，不仅否定了自己，还否定了赞扬者的鉴赏力。这种中国式的谦虚在资本主义的竞争市场是行不通的。 2.自我中心与无私奉献 西方人自我中心意识和独立意识很强，主要表现在:(1)自己为自己负责。在弱肉强食的
【篇一】如何对待中西文化差异英语作文 In many parts of the world , personal influence is essential in achieving success. This is not true in the United States, where success usually results from hard work , education, skill, and personal initiative , America is truly a "do-it-yourself" society ; success is not dependent on family origins or the help of an influential person . Personal progress is the result of individual effort. Because effort and initiative are so important in America , there are many customs that may be different from those practiced in other countries. For example , it is not considered dishonorable to quit a job, even if you have had it for only a short time . Moving from job-to -job , or "job-hopping ", as it is called , is quite acceptable in the United States. Frequently , the opportunity to change jobs offers workers a chance to move up to a better position. Americans like to move from place to place trying new jobs, meeting new people and living in different parts of the country. "Job-hopping" also gives employers a chance to benefit from the new ideas and skills that different people bring to their jobs even if such people are employed for only a short time. 【篇二】如何对待中西文化差异英语作文 The whole question of the changing role of Blacks in American society as been the subject of news***** articles around the world so frequently that visitors to the United States do not know what to expect when they arrive. They may be surprised when they see that Blacks and Whites work side by side in offices , factories , and schools across the country . The majority of Blacks in the United States, however, live in and around only a small number of American cities. Many dark-skinned visitors arrive in the United States fearing personal attack or expecting various degrees of racial prejudice. Some forms of discrimination [1] still exist ,unfortunately, especially in the areas of the housing , schools , and jobs . The school equality is still more a dream than a reality. There are still too many areas of the country where Black Americans do not enjoy the same full opportunities as White Americans . However, the vast majority of American s are working , studying , and sharing public places together. This was not true even a few years ago in some parts of the country , but progress is steadily being made . You will be able to observe the improvement in race relations as soon as your plane lands . You will see it in the airport, in public buses and trains , in theaters , restaurants , rest room, in sops and libraries , in offices and factories . Close personal friendships between Blacks and
淮阴工学院课程论文（2010-2011学年第二学期） 论文题目: 跨文化交际中的饮食文化差异——以中美饮食文化为例 课程名称：跨文化交际英语任课老师：余洪虹 姓名: 植云 班级: 艺术1093 学号: 1092202325
跨文化交际中的饮食文化差异 ——以中美饮食文化为例 摘要：饮食是一种文化，而不同的文化背景孕育着不同的饮食文化，中国饮食以食表意，其博大精深不可言喻，而美国的饮食则是吃什么就是什么。在中西方文化互相交融的今天，美国文化有值得我们学习和借鉴的地方，同时中华饮食文化的优点也要继承，本文着重从中美饮食文化进行比较，从而用客观的视角去审视中西方饮食文化。 关键词：饮食文化，中国饮食，美国饮食，文化差异 1中国饮食文化的特点 中国的历史悠久，文明源远流长，具有上下五千年的文化，因此饮食文化也比较丰富，它也是祖国丰富文化宝库中的一朵奇葩。中国从原始社会开始都是以大杂居为主，远古时期以部落为单位，后来一直演变，直到现代社会都是以家庭为单位，团团圆圆一直是中国人的愿望，中国人的集体意识形成了中国饮食文化的一大特点就是—一家人都是吃一桌菜，并且大多数家庭是以圆桌为主，一家人围在一起，表示家人和和睦睦、团团圆圆。中国人的饮食很讲究色、香、味原则，三者缺一不可，为使食物色美，通常是在青、绿、红、黄、白、黑、酱等色中取三至五色调配，也就是选用适当的荤素菜料，包括一种主料和二、三种不同颜色的配料，使用适当的烹法与调味，就能使得菜色美观。食物香喷，可以激发食欲，其方法即为加入适当的香料，如葱、姜、蒜、辣、酒、八角、桂皮、胡椒、麻油、香菇等，使烹煮的食物气味芬芳。烹调各种食物时，必须注重鲜味与原味的保留，尽量去除腥膻味；譬如烹调海鲜时，中国人则爱用葱姜。因此适量的使用如酱油、糖、醋、香料等各种调味品，可以使得嗜浓味者不觉其淡，嗜淡味者不嫌其浓，个人根据自己的口味选择。 因为中国自古以来地大物博、人口稠密，所以中国人的饮食从先秦开始，就是以谷物为主，肉少粮多，辅以菜蔬，这就是典型的饭菜结构。其中饭是主食，而菜则是为了下饭，即助饭下咽。因为主食并不可口，必须有一种物质来辅助它使人们能够吃下去。当然菜的功能和盐的功能有共同点，但是不等同于盐。因为主食的单一性，所以，只有在菜上面花功夫，因此，中国的菜大都比较注重口味，
浅谈中西方文化差异 计算机科学与技术学院 xx级x班 xxx 学号：xxxxx 通过对本学期中西文化比较课程的学校，我对中西方文化的异同有了一定程度的认识，以下我将从饮食、节日、音乐、建筑等方面，简要对中西文化的异同做一下探讨。 首先，从饮食方面来说：餐饮产品由于地域特征、气侯环境、风俗习惯等因素的影响，会出现在原料、口味、烹调方法、饮食习惯上的不同程度的差异。正是因为这些差异，餐饮产品具有了强烈的地域性。中西文化之间的差异造就了中西饮食文化的差异，而这种差异来自中西方不同的思维方式和处世哲学。中国人注重“天人合一”，西方人注重“以人为本”。 中国和西方的饮食习惯之间的主要区别是，不同于西方，其中的每个人都有自己自己的食品板块，在中国菜都放在表和大家共享。如果你是被视为一个中国主机，准备一吨的食物。中国是他们的饮食文化非常自豪，并会尽力给你许多不同类型的菜肴的味道。朋友之间，他们只是为了将足以为那里的人民。如果他们有人出来吃饭的关系是半礼貌客气的，那么他们通常会比客人数量（例如四口人，五菜）为了一个菜。，如果它是一个商务宴请或一个非常正式的场合，有可能是一个巨大的食物量，将不可能完成。一个典型的餐开始与一些凉拌菜，像煮花生和大蒜捣烂黄瓜。这些都是其次的主要课程，热鲜肉和蔬菜菜肴。最后，汤是带了出来，这是由淀粉的“主食”食品，通常是米饭或面条或有时饺子。许多中国人吃米饭（或面条或其他）最后，但如果你要与其他菜肴米饭，你应该说那么早。 对比注重“味”的中国饮食，西方是一种理性饮食观念。不论食物的色、香、味、形如何，而营养一定要得到保证，讲究一天要摄取多少热量、维生素、蛋白质等等。即便口味千篇一律，也一定要吃下去——因为有营养。这一饮食观念同西方整个哲学体系是相适应的。形而上学是西方哲学的主要特点。西方哲学所研究的对象为事物之理，事物之理常为形上学理，形上学理互相连贯，便结成形上哲学。这一哲学给西方文化带来生机，使之在自然科学上、心理学上、方法论上实现了突飞猛进的发展。但在另一些方面，这种哲学主张大大地起了阻碍作用，如饮食文化。在宴席上，可以讲究餐具，讲究用料，讲究服务，讲究菜之原料的形、色方面的搭配；但不管怎么豪华高档，从洛杉矶到纽约，牛排都只有一种味道，无艺术可言。作为菜肴，鸡就是鸡，牛排就是牛排，纵然有搭配，那也是在盘中进行的，一盘“法式羊排”，一边放土豆泥，旁倚羊排，另一边配煮青豆，加几片番茄便成。色彩上对比鲜明，但在滋味上各种原料互不相干、调和，各是各的味，简单明了。 中国人是很重视“吃”的，“民以食为天”这句谚语就说明我们把吃看得与天一样重要。由于我们这个民族几千年来都处于低下的生产力水平，人们总是吃不饱，所以才会有一种独特的把吃看得重于一切的饮食文化，我想，这大概是出于一种生存需要吧。如果一种文化把吃看成首要的事，那么就会出现两种现象：一方面会把这种吃的功能发挥到极致，不仅维持生存，也利用它维持健康，这也就是”药补不如食补”的文化基础；另一方面，对吃的过份重视，会使人推崇对美味的追求。中国饮食之所以有其独特的魅力，关键就在于它的味。而美味的产生，在于调和，要使食物的本味，加热以后的熟味，加上配料和辅料的味以及调料的调和之味，交织融合协调在一起，使之互相补充，互助渗透，水乳交融，你中有我，我中有你。中国烹饪讲究的调和之美，是中国烹饪艺术的精要之处。菜点的形和色是外在的东西，而味却是内在的东西，重内在而不刻意修饰外表，重菜肴的味而不过分展露菜肴的形和色，这正是中国美性饮食观的最重要的表现。在中国，饮食的美性追求显然压倒了理性，这种饮食观与中国传统的哲学思想也是吻合的。作为东方
【个人简历范文】 一方水养一方人，中西方的文化也是有差异的，用英语描写一下你所知道德1中西方的文化差异吧。下面是为你整理的有关中西文化差异的高中英语作文，希望你喜欢! 描写中西文化差异的英语作文范文篇1 Through I am a Chinese,I have some west country friends.They lived in China for many years, from their tone ,I know that there are many cultural difference between West and China.Such as difference of dinner manners……In west countries ,when people are having dinner ,if one of them want to go to a WC.He or she shoud say”Excuse me ,I want to go to the toilets…”Only in such a way can others think you are of good manners.And in the bathroom,you can relieve the bowels, wash you faces, refine the make-up ,pick your teeth and so on.When you finished yourself,you can return to you set.A wonderful dinner can be continue.But in China,there are some different of it.When you want to have a bath,you shoud only say”I want to go to washroom”.That just means:I want to go out for a while.If you finished you dinner ,you can also say:”I'm full”That means:I am full ,help youselves.And then ,you can go out to have a rest or walk.That just some of the difference of dinner manners in west and in China.When we face it in the future ,don`t forget that! 描写中西文化差异的英语作文范文篇2 Long history in China in 5000, western social process of world 56 a hundred years.China is brilliant abundant, great and deep food culture;The western nation then has delicately and particularly , from become the food civilization of system.Medium the west food cultural collision, exchanges and melted into whole mankind's civilization to fill up with wear colourful function.Medium the Spanish turn of the difference of educated medium west food culture of difference, but this kind of difference come from medium the west different mode of thinking with conducting philosophy. This text introduced a medium Spanish to turn in the difference of food.West food from the food idea, food object, food method, food ownership and property etc. carry on the comparison of the culture. 描写中西文化差异的英语作文范文篇3 There are many difference between China and America such as in the field of geography ,culture, language ,politics ,economy and education with the development of science and technology .The word get even more smaller ,the communication between them is more frequent . Our country, China absorbs the essence and doesn’t eliminate the bad thing . Because a proverb ever since said when the fresh air come in ,the flies will also accompany it . At times we may not determine our countries’ geography