《英语国家概况2》平时作业
Ⅰ.Choose the correct answer to each of the following question
1. The two main land masses in New Zealand are ___________________.
A. the White Island and thermal region
B. the Notth Island and the South Island
C. the Southern Alps and the North Island
D. Auckland and the South Island
2. Which of the following factors does NOT contribute to New Zealand's environmental achievement?
A. Favourable geographic features.
B. Low population.
C. A late development of industry.
D. The ozone hole over Antarctica.
3. New Zealand's three largest ethnic groups in terms of population are _________.
A. New Zealanders with European ancestry, Chinese and Maori.
B. Maori, Indian and people from the Pacific Islands
C. New Zealanders with European ancestry, Maori and people from the Pacific Islands.
D. People from the pacific Islands, Maori and Chinese.
4. Which of the following statemetns is not true about Maori population?
A. Maori women tend to have more children than non-Maori women.
B. Non-Maori women tend to have children earlier than Marori women.
C. Maori population is younger than the total population.
D. Maori population makes up nearly one-seventh of New Zealand's total population.
5. The first settlers of New Zealand were _______________.
A. voyagers from East Polynesia.
B. European navigators.
C. Sealers and whalers.
D. Christian missionaries.
6. Which of the following statements was correct around the time of the American Revolution?
A. The American had the mixed blood of Europeans or their descendants.
B. The American had the mixed blood of Europeans with American Indians.
C. The American had the mixed blood of Europeans with blacks.
D. The American had the blood of the English and their descendants only.
7. Which of the following was NOT one of the three forces that led to the modern development of Europe?
A. The growth of capitalism.
B. The Renaissance.
C. The Religious Reformation.
D. The spiritual leadership of the Roman Catholic.
8. The following were the main Reformation leaders except___________.
A. Martin Luther
B. Martin Luther King
C. John Calvin
D. The English King Henry VIII
9. Which of the following was NOT a denomination of Protestantism?
A. Catholics.
B. Puritans.
C. Quakers.
D. Church of England.
10. Which of the following statements was NOT correct when the War of Independence was over?
A. Each new state had its own government.
B. Each new state made its own laws and handled all of its internal affairs.
C. The national government was called the Congress with little power.
D. The relationships between the states and the national government were clearly defined.
11. The following were some of the characteristics of Protestantism except __________.
A. challenging the authority of the Pope
B. salvation through faith
C. salvation through the church
D. establishing a direct contact with God
12. Which of the following American values did Not come from Puritanism?
A. Separation of state and church
B. Respect of education.
C. Intolerant moralism.
D. A sense of mission.
13. According to the author, the Articles of Confederation failed because of the following reasons. Which is not true?
A. The new states did not cooperate with the Congress or with each other.
B. Some new states wanted to be free from the Union.
C. The Congress could not raise money to pay the national army and to pay debts owed to France and other nations.
D. The Congress had no power to tax any citizen.
14. Which of the following states refused to participate in the Constitutional Convention?
A. Virginia.
B. Rhode Island.
C. New York.
D. Maryland.
15. Which of the following is the only branch that can make federal laws, and levy federal taxes?
A. The executive.
B. The legislative.
C. The Judicial.
D. The president.
16. Which of the following is Not a power of the president?
A. The president can veto any bill passed by Congress.
B. The president has the authority to appoint federal judges when cacancies occur.
C. The president can make laws.
D. The president has broad powers, with the executive branch, to issue regulations and directives regarding work of the federal departments.
17. The Bill of Rights consists of _______________.
A. 10 very short paragraphs in an amendment
B. 10 amendments adopted in 1787
C. 10 amendments added to the Constitution in 1791
D. the amendments concerning the freedom of speech, the freedom of the press and the freedom of religion
18. Which of the following is NOT guaranteed in the Bill of Rights.
A. The freedom of religion.
B. The freedom of searching a person's home by police.
C. The freedom of speech and of the press.
D. The right to own weapons if one wishes.
19. The following were NOT written into the Constitution in 1787 except___________.
A. the Bill of Rights
B. the judicial review
C. the political party system
D. the powers of the president
20. The New Deal was started by _________________________.
A. Franklin Roosevelt
B. J. F. Kennedy
C. George Washington
D. Thomas Jefferson.
21. The “American system” of mass production was first used in ________.
A. car industry
B. textile industry
C. firearms industry
D. agriculture
22. Which of the following is NOT considered as part of the service industry?
A. Banking
B. Management consultation
C. Airline
D. Steelmaking
23. The United States was rated ________ in the world in terms of land area and the size of population.
A. second
B. third
C. fourth
D. fifth
24. The United States produces as much as half of the world's _________.
A. wheat and rice
B. cotton
C. tobacco and vegetable oil
D. soybeans and corn
25. Which of the following is generally considered as an important institutional factor that contributed to the success of American business and industry?
A. laissez-faire.
B. Bountiful resources.
C. Vast dimensions.
D. Entrepreneurial spirit.
26. Which of the following is considered an American masterpiece?
A. The Last of the Mohicans.
B. The Legend of the Sleepy Hollow.
C. “The Masque of the Red Earth.
D. Moby Dick.
27. Mark Twin's works are characterized by the following
except_____________.
A. sense of humor
B. egotism
C. jokes
D. tall tales
28. Three of the following authors are Nobel Prize winners. Which one is not?
A. Ernest Hemingway.
B. Eugene O'Neill.
C. William Faulkner.
D. F. Scott Fitzgerald.
29. _______________ does not belong to the “Lost Generation”?
A. John Dos Passos
B. Ernest Hemingway
C. F. Scott. Fitzgerald
D. John Steinbeck
30. __________ was NOT written by Hemingway.
A. Light in August.
B. The Sun Also Rises.
C. A Farewell to Arms.
D. For Whom the Bell Tolls.
31. The expenditure in American public school is guided or decided by ________.
A. teachers
B. students
C. headmasters
D. boards of education
32. In the United States school systems, which of the following divisions is true?
A. Elementary school, grammar school
B. Elementary school, junior high school
C. Elementary school, secondary school
D. Junior high school, senior high school
33. Three of the following factors have contributed to the fourishing of large universities in America, which is the exception?
A. Large universities offer the best libraries and facilities for scientific research.
B. Large universities provide students with “mainframe” computers.
C. Large universities offer scholarships to all students.
D. Large universities attract students with modern laboratories.
34. Nearly all students want to get into more desirable institutions because_______.
A. they find it easy for them to get jobs after having graduated from one of them
B. they enjoy the high prestige of these institutions
C. they like the teachers and surroundings in these institutions
D. they prefer to have the Scholastic Aptitude Tests
35. Three of the following universities have large endowments from wealthy benefactors. Which is the exception?
A. Harvard University.
B. The State University of New York.
C. Yale University.
D. Princeton University.
36. Both public and private universities depend on the following sources of income except_______________.
A. investment
B. student tuition
C. endowments
D. government funding
37. The most notorious terrorist group against black civil rights workers in the South was known as_______________________.
A. the Black Muslims.
B. Federal Bureau of Investigation
C. Student for a Democratic Society
D. Ku Klux Klan
38. The reason why many young people were involved in the social movements of the 1960s was that__________________.
A. they resented traditional white male values in U.S. today
B. they love America so much
C. they thought they knew better than their teachers
D. they viewed the adult world with grave doubt
39. In addition to such tactics as sit-ins, young students also added ____________ to educate people about the war in Vietnam.
A. teach-in
B. rock'n'roll music
C. class boycott
D. “march against fear”
40. A historic moment of the civil rights movement was the March on Washington of August 28, 1963 when ___________ delivered his “I Have a Dream” speech.
A. John F. Kennedy
B. President Johnson
C. Martin Luther King, Jr
D. Mario Savio
41. In January 1965, President Johnson declared “__________________” to eliminate poverty “by opening to everyone the opportunity to live in decency and dignity”.
A. war against Vietnam
B. war against poverty
C. war against Japan
D. New Frontier Program
42. Due to his firm belief in nonviolent peaceful protest in the spirit of India's leader Gandhi, ____________ was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1964.
A. John F. Kennedy
B. James Farmer
C. Ella Baker
D. Martin Luther King, Jr
43. The one group within the counter culture best known for their pursuit of happiness as their only goal in life was called
_______________________.
A. the “Hippies”
B. the “Beat Generation”
C. the “Me Generation”
D. the “Lost Generation”
44. In the 1960 's, feminism was reborn. Many women were dissatisfied with their lives, and in 1963, with the publication of ________ by ___________, they found a voice.
A. The Feminine Mystique, Betty Friedan
B. Profiles in Courage, John F. Kennedy
C. The Other America, Michael Harrington
D. Catcher in the Rye, J. D. Salinger
45. Which of the following statements is NOT true about blacks after the 1960s?
A. Blacks felt more and more confident that they would be fully integrated into the mainstream of American life.
B. Blacks felt that the black community ought to coexist with other groups.
C. Blacks felt that “black is beautiful”.
D. Blacks felt more and more proud of themselves.
46. Which of the following is not the reason for the higher arrest rates among minority groups?
A. The aggressive nature of these groups.
B. Racial prejudice against them.
C. Low social status of these groups.
D. Poverty and unemployment among minority groups.
47. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A. The Northern states had outlawed slavery by 1830.
B. Slavery was finally abolished in the South in 1865.
C. The Northern states did not have racial discrimination.
D. Segregation laws continued to be enforced in Southern states until the 1950s.
48. If white-collar crimes were included in the Crime Index and if authorities were m more vigorous in their enforcement of law, the profile of a typical criminal in the United States would be____________.
A. older
B. wealthier
C. whiter.
D. living near city centers.
49. Which of the following used human beings as guinea pigs to test drugs including LSD?
A. The FBI.
B. The CIA.
C. Congress.
D. Richard Nixon.
50. The American foreign policy up to WWII can be described as ___________.
A. containment
B. swinging between containment and interventionism
C. swinging between isolationism and internationalism
D. unilateralism
51. During the arms race between the Aoviet Union and the US, what caused fear and anxiety on the part of the United States?
A. in 1949, the Soviet Union detonated its first atomic device.
B. Te Warsaw Pact was founded in 1955.
C. The Soviet Union had its first test of the bomb in 1953.
D. In 1957, the Soviet Union launched two Sputniks into the orbit.
52. How long did the Vietnam War last?
A. More than 5 years.
B. About 10 years.
C. About 20 years.
D. More than 25 years.
53. When did President Nixon make a trip to China to improve relations with the China?
A. in 1972.
B. In 1973.
C. In 1970.
D. In 1971.
54. The main mountain range in the west of US stretching from the Canadian border to New Mexico is ___________________.
A. the Appalachian Mountains
B. the Rocky Mountains
C. the Green Mountains
D. the Blue Ridge Mountains
55. ___________ has vestiges of old Southern plantations.
A. New Orleans
B. San Francisco
C. Los Angeles
D. San Diego
56. Ronald Reagan used to be a _________________.
A. basketball player
B. sports radio announcer
C. conservative political columnist
D. sports writer
57. _______________ is watched in a more relaxed and lazy way than other ball games?
A. Football.
B. Basketball.
C. Baseball.
D. Tennis
58. Niagara Falls is located in the state of _____________.
A. New York
B. Virginia
C. North Carolina
D. South Carolina
59. Blues was derived from a blend of field chantey and spiritual which is ____________.
A. a form of rock “n” roll singing popular among American teenagers
B. a form of operatic singing originated from Southern European countries
C. a form of country music singing
D. A form of hymn singing prevalent in African-American Christian churches
60. Which of the followin statements about Canada is true?
A. Canada has the highest standard of living in the world.
B. Canada is the second biggest economy among the Big Seven.
C. Contrast to its physical size, Canada has a small population.
D. Unlike the United States, Canada has scarce natural resources.
61. Which of the following provinces is known as “the Land of 100 000 Lakes”?
A. Nova Scotia.
B. Newfoundland
C. Manitoba
D. British Columbia
62. Who first came and settled Canada?
A. British colonists
B. French colonists
C. American colonists
D. Spanish colonists
63. Who is the most influential person in the Canadian government?
A. The Queen.
B. A Cabinet Minister.
C. The Prime Minister.
D. The Governor General.
64. Which of the following is true about the Queen?
A. The Queen is the official head of state.
B. She is a member of the Cabinet.
C. She is a symbol of parliamentary democracy.
D. She is a symbol of Canada.
65. Which of the following provinces are densely populated in Canada?
A. Saskatchewan and Ontario.
B. Ontario and Quebec.
C. Manitoba and Saskatchewan.
D. Quebec and Manitoba.
66. Which of the following is NOT correct about Canada?
A. The Senate is controlled by the House of Commons.
B. The Senate is not elected.
C. The Senate is recommended by the Prime Minister.
D. The Senate is appointed by the Governor General.
67. Which of the following provinces is the home of most French-speaking people in Canada?
A. Manitoba.
B. Ontario.
C. Saskatchewan.
D. Quebec.
68. What is the other official language besides English in Canada?
A. German.
B. Japanese.
C. French.
D. Finnish.
69. Around the beginning of 20 th century, Chinese laborers came to Canada to ________.
A. work as farmers and miners
B. build the railroad
C. do fur trade
D. open shops
70. Which of the following would the Canadian policy-makers thought that would fit easily in to Canada?
A. Britons.
B. Japanese.
C. Ukrainians.
D. Mexicans.
71. By 1985, how many percent of immigrants were non-European?
A. 30%.
B. 80%.
C. 60%.
D. 50%.
72. During the Second World War, the Japanese settlers in Canada were forced to move_____.
A. to east of Rocky Mountain
B. back to Japan
C. to Pearl Harbors
D. to the east coast
73. In Vancouver schools, it is estimated that more than half of the students speak ________.
A. English
B. French
C. Mandarin Chinese
D. Cantonese
74. Where is Lake Louise located?
A. in the notthern Arctic tundra.
B. On the Canadian-American border.
C. On the east coast.
D. In the Rockies.
75. When the Japanese bombed Pearl Harbour in 1941, who considered the Japanese population in the west coast of North America a potential security threat?
A. The federal governmetn of Canada
B. The local governments in Canada.
C. The United Nations.
D. Amnesty International.
76. 参考答案：
1~5 ： BDCBA 6~10: ADBAD 11~15: CABBB
16~20: CCBDA 21~25: CDCDA 26~30: ADBDA
31~35: DCCAB 36~40: ADAAC 41~45: BDAAA
46~50: ACDBC 51~55: DCABA 56~60: BCADC
61~65:CBCAB 66~70:ADCBA 71~75:CADDB
Ⅱ.Fill in the blanks:
1. New Zealand is in the ____________ Ocean. _______ is its nearest large neighbour.
?
Key: Southwest Pacific, Australia
2. The official languages in New Zealand are ________ and _________.
Key: English, Maori
3. The first settlers of New Zealand were from __________, the ancestors of today's Maori.
Key: East Polynesia
4. New Zealand has a national identity that mixes __________ and
__________.
Key: South Pacific, European
5. The New World of American was peopled as a result of two long-continuing immigration movements, the first one from _______ and the second from _________ and _________.
Key: Asia, Africa
6. American Indians had developed three brilliant civilizations before the Europeans arrived. These three civilizations were
__________,_____________ and ____________.
Key: The Aztecs, the Incas, the Mayas
7. ___________ was the first to start the Religious Reformation and the next important leader of the Reformation was _______________.
Key: Martin Luther, John Calvin
8. The first permanent settlement in North America was established in today's _________ in the year of _________.
Key: Virginia, 1607
9. New England was founded by a group of religious believers called _________ while Pennsylvania was planted by William Penn who was a
_____________ in religion.
Key: Putitans, Quaker
10. _________________ officially proclaimed the birth of a new American nation.
Key: the American Revolution
11. The institution that began to assume the function of a national government during the American Revolution was _________________.
Key: the Second Continental Congress
12. After the War of Independence was won, the national government was called _______________ and the agreement that guided the government was ______________.
Key: the Congress, the Articles of Confederation
13. The city where the Declaration of Independence was signed and where the US Constitution was made is __________________.
Key: Philadelphia
14. The Constitutional Convention was held in the year of ____________ and the president of the Convention was ______________________.
Key: 1787, George Washington
15.The US federal government consists of the following three branches: ____________,________________ and __________________.
Key: the executive, the legislative, the judicial
16.The Congress is divided into ______________ with ______ members who serve two-year terms, and ___________ with ______ lawmakers who serve six-year terms.
Key: the House of Representatives, the Senate
17.The Supreme Court is composed of ___________ chief justice and
__________ associate justices.
Key: 1,8
18.There are _________ amendments to the US Constitution.
Key: 26
英语国家概况-Land and people I. Different Names for Britain and its Parts 英国的不同名称及其各组成部分 1.Geographical names: the British Isles, Great Britain and England. 地理名称：不列颠群岛，大不列颠和英格兰。 2. Official name: the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. 官方正式名称：大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国。 3. The British Isles are made up of two large islands-Great Britain (the larger one) and Ireland, and hundreds of small ones. 不列颠群岛由两个大岛—大不列颠岛（较大的一个）和爱尔兰岛，及成千上万个小岛组成。 4.Three political divisions on the island：England, Scotland and Wales. 大不列颠岛上有三个政治区：英格兰、苏格兰和威尔士。 (1) England is in the southern part of Great Britain. It is the largest, most populous section. 英格兰位于大不列颠岛南部，是最大，人口最稠密的地区。 (2) Scotland is in the north of Great Britain. It has three natural zones (the Highlands in the north; the Central lowlands; the south Uplands) Capital: Edinburgh 苏格兰位于大不列颠的北部。它有三大自然区：北部高地，中部低地及南部山陵。首府：爱丁堡。 (3) Wales is in the west of Great Britain. Capital: Cardiff 威尔士位于大不列颠的西部。首府：加的夫 (4) Northern Ireland is the fourth region of the UK. Capital: Belfast. 北爱尔兰是英国第四个区域。首府：贝尔法斯特。 5.The Commonwealth (of nations)is a free association of independent countries that were once colonies of Britain. It was founded in 1931, and has 50 member countries until 1991. 英联邦是独立的前英国殖民地组成的自由联合体。它成立于1931年，至1990年止已有50个成员国。 II. Geographical Features 英国的地理特征 1.Geographical position of Britain: 英国的地理位置： Britain is an island country surrounded by the sea. It lies in the North Atlantic Ocean off the north coast of Europe. It is separated from the rest of Europe by the English Channel in the south and the North Sea in the east. 英国是一个岛国。它位于大西洋北部，与欧洲大陆的北海岸隔海相望。南面的英吉利海峡和东面的北海将它与欧洲其它部分隔开。 2.The north and west of Britain are mainly highlands; and the east and southeast are mostly lowlands. 英国的西部和北部主要是高地，东部和东南部主要是低地。 III. Rivers and Lakes 河流与湖泊 Ben Nevis is the highest mountain in Britain (1,343m).
I. Choose the correct answer from the options given: （20 points, 1 point each） 1. Which of the following is NOT considered a characteristic of London ? A. The cultural centre. B. The business centre. C. The financial centre. D. The sports centre. 2. Which of the following is NOT true about the characteristics of Britain ? A. Economic differences between north and south. B. Differences of social systems between Scotland and Wales. C. Class differences between a white-collar worker and a blue-collar worker. D. Cultural differences between immigrants and the British. 3. In 1969, the first British soldiers were seen on Northern Ireland Street They came first _______. A. to maintain traffic order in Northern Ireland B. to protect the Catholic people C. to protect the Protestant people D. to replace the Royal Ulster Constabulary since they were unable to keep social Order 4. In the early 1970s, the IRA _________. A. killed many Protestants and Catholics B. burned down the houses of Catholics’ C. murdered individuals at random D. carried out a series of bombing and shooting and attacked the security forces as their main target 5. Why did the British government decide to replace the Power-Sharing policy with “direct-rule” from London ? A. The Power-Sharing policy was not accepted by the majority of Protestants. B. The Northern Irish Parliament could not govern the province effectively. C. The Power-Sharing policy couldn’t be carried out. D. All the above.
Chapter 1 land and people are the differences between Britain and the British Isles, Great Britain,England,the United Kingdom and the British Commonwealth The British Isles,Greant Britina and England are geographical names, no the official names of the country,while the official name is the United Kingdom,but the full name is the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern British Commonwealth is a free association of independent countries that were once colonies of Britian. the geographical position of Britian Britain is an island country. It lies in the north Atlantic Ocean off the north coast of is separated from the rest of Europe by the English channel in the south and the North Sea in the east. in Great Britain are mostly highland and lowland The north and west of Britain are mainly highland, while the south and south-east are mostly lowlands. Britain have a favourable climate why Yes,it has a favourable climate, because it has a maritime type of climate---winters are mild,not too cold and summers are cool, not too has a steady reliable rainfall throughout the whole has a small range of temperature,too. are the factors which influence the climate in Britain Which part of Britain has the most rainfall and which part is the driest
《英语国家概况》课程习题集西南科技大学成人、网络教育学院版权所有 习题 【说明】：本课程《英语国家概况》（编号为12010）共有单选题,名词解释题,简答题,填空题2等多种试题类型，其中，本习题集中有[简答题]等试题类型未进入。 一、单选题 1. Celts were different groups of ancient people who came originally from________ A. France B. Denmark C. Ireland D. Germany 2. Who invaded and conquered Britain for the first time in 55 BC? A. Emperor Claudius B. Julius Caesar C. King Alfred D. King Ethelred 3. Who is the author of Murder in the Cathedral? A. Christopher Marlowe B. T. S. Eliot C. Ben Johnson D. Thomas Becket 4.When Oliver Cromwell died in 1658, and was succeeded by his son, ______, the regime began immediately to collapse. A. Henry B. Hamilton C. Richard D. Charles 5. The 18th century saw selective breeding of cattle, sheep and houses by _________. A. Jethro Tull B. Thomas Coke C. George III D. Robert Bakewell 6. Which of the following is not one of the members of the Lords Temporal? A. all hereditary peers and peeresses of the England, Scotland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom (but not peers of Ireland) B. lire peers created to assist the House in its judicial duties C. senior bishops of the Church of England D. all other life peers 7. Two years after the ending of the Hundred Years’ War with France, England was thrown into another series of civil wars, ________. A. the War of the Celts
《英语国家概况》补充材料 A：名词解释补充 The Pilgrim Fathers（英国清教徒）: This is given to those members who made the first crossing on the famous Mayflower, which landed at Plymouth harbor in December 1620. Jacksonian democracy（杰克森式民主）:It is used in American politics to describe the period when the “common man” participated in the government, occurring after Jeffersonian democracy. The Progressive Movement（革新运动）:It was a reform movement that reached its height in the early 20th century. This arose as a response to the vast changes brought by industrialization. The Union Flag（英国国旗）:Also known as the Union Jack. It is the national flag of the UK. It symbolizes the 4 administrative nations, the England, Scotland, Wales and the Northern Ireland. The red cross stands for England, the diagonal Red Cross stands for Ireland and the diagonal white cross stands for Scotland. British Commonwealth（英联邦）:Also known as the Commonwealth of Nations. It includes the UK and the 40 or so former British colonies that are now sovereign states. It was formally established in 1931. European Union（欧盟）:It is an economic and political union established in 1993. The establishment of the European Union expanded the political scope of the European Economic, especially in the area of foreign and security policies, and provided for the creation of a central European bank and the adoption of a common currency. Domesday Book（末日审判书）: The written record of a census and survey of English landowners and their property made by order of William the Conqueror in 1085-1086. Stonehenge（巨石阵）:A group of standing stones on a plain in the southern England. The arrangement of the stones suggests that it was used as a religious center and also as an astronomical observatory. Julius Caesar（凯撒大帝）:He is a roman general, statesman and historian. He invaded British, conquered the army of his political enemy Pompey, and pursued other enemies to Egypt. He returned to Rome, and was given a order by the people to rule as dictator until he was murdered. Protestantism（新教）: One of the 3 major branches of Christianity, originating in the 16th century Reformation in Europe. Margaret Thatcher（撒切尔夫人）: She is the first British female Prime Minister who held the office of PM Longer than anyone else in the 20th century. She was elected in 1979, shored up a Conservative-led government, favored privatization plans. Her nickname is “The Iron Lady”; she was elected to three consecutive terms and resigned in1990 Keynesian（凯恩斯主义）: The economic theories of economist Keynes, who advocate government monetary and fiscal programs, designed to increase employment and stimulate business activity. Westminster Abbey（威斯敏斯特教堂）:A famous church located in London, where English monarchs are crowned and distinguished English subjects are buried. The Poets’ Corner conta ins the graves of great English writers. Grammar school: Originally meant to educate the young in Latin grammar and that of another European language. These schools in modern UK are intended to teach a highly academic class and teach students to deal with abstract concepts. The American Revolution（独立战争）: Also known as the War of Independence, it began in 1775 and ended in 1783. It ended 2 centuries of British rule for most of the North American colonies and created the United States of America.
内蒙古广播电视大学2010-2011学年度 第二学期《英语国家概况1》期末试题 ⅠThere are 20 questions in this part. Each question is followed by four choices marked A,B,C and D. Choose the correct answer to each of the questions and write your answer at the corresponding place on the ANSWER SHEET.(20 points) 1.The following were the founding fathers of the AmericanRepublic except _____. A Thomas Jefferson B George Washington C William Penn D Benjamin Franklin 2.Which of the following statement was NOT correct? When the War of Independence was over, _____. A each new state had its own government B each new state made its own laws and handled all of its internal affairs C the national government was called the Congress with little power D the relationships between the states and the national government were clearly defined 3.Service industry does not include ____. A banking B management consultation C airline D steelmaking 4.Three of the following authors were Nobel Prize winner except _____. A Ernest Hemingway B Eugene O’Neill C William Faulkner D F. Scott Fitzgerald 5. ____ invented the telephone. A Samuel R.B. Morse B Alexander Graham Bell C Thomas Alva Edison D Reginald Fessenden 6.The main mountain range in the west of US stretching from the Canadian border to New Mexico is ____. A The Appalachian Mountains B The Rocky Mountains C The Green Mountains D TheBlue Ridge Mountains 7.Both public and private universities in the U.S. depend on the following sources of income except____. A investment B student tuition C endowments D government funding 8.____ was NOT written by Hemingway? A Light in August B The Sun Also Rises C A farewell to Arms D For Whom the Bell Tolls 9.In the United States school system, which of the following divisions is true? A Elementary school, grammar school B Elementary school, junior high school C Elementary school, secondary school D junior high school, senior high school 10.Which of the following does NOT belong to the white-collar crime? A bribery B tax evasion C false advertising D robbery 11.Which of the following was written by Thoreau? A Nature B Walden C The Scarlet Letter D The Fall of the House Usher 密 封 线 内 不 要 写 参 考 内 容 《英语国家概况1》第1页 共6页 《英语国家概况1》第2页 共6页
英语国家概况课程标准 课程代码： 适用专业：商务英语 一、课程概述 1．课程性质 语言是文化的载体，文化是语言的基础。英语语言学习和英国国家文化相互依存、密不可分。一个优秀的英语语言学习者，若不了解该语言背后所承载的民族文化，其交际能力也会受到限制。该课程能使学生了解和掌握英美两国政治，历史，经济，社会，文化和教育等基本知识，了解英美国家社会发展、现状和影响这两个国家社会发展的因素，拓展学生的知识面，培养学生文化意识，启发学生了解西方社会，了解交际规则，增强学生的英语语言学习能力，为后续专业课程的学习打下一定的基础，进而为培养高技能应用型复合人才打下基础。 2．课程设计思路 本课程在设计上围绕合作学习法—任务型教学法、比较教学法、线索梳理法、启发式等教学法。 合作学习法—任务型教学法 合作学习法又称协作学习，是以合作学习小组为基本形式，系统利用教学中动态因素之间的互动，促进学生的学习，以团体成绩作为评价标准，共同完成教学活动。任务型教学法是一种以任务或活动为核心单位计划组织语言教学的途径,一种强调“在做中学”的语言教学方法。合作学习法与任务型教学法结合是指教师设计学习任务，指导并帮助学生以小组为单位通过合作、协商完成学习任务的教学过程。主要采用组织演示、演讲、讨论等形式。 2）比较教学法 比较教学法是在教学过程中，利用教学内容的相互联系和区别，促进学生掌握和巩固教学内容、达到教学目标的一种逻辑思维方法。例如，在学习美国的政体时，我们可以和英国政体、甚至是我国的政体进行比较，异中求同，同中求异。从而对“Parliament”、“Congress”和我国的NPC （The National People’s Congress）形成更深刻的理解。运用这种教学法不仅有利于学生掌握基本知识与技能，而且有利于提高学生的创造性思维能力。3）线索梳理法 线索梳理法，尤其是历史年代轴线表示法是表达历史线索最清晰的一种方式，这种方式的特点是易于梳理，可操作性强，非常直接，便于记忆。比如说，英国历史很长，如果不进行梳理，很难记忆，如果整理成一条线索，效果却不能同日而语： Early settlers——Roman invasions——Anglo-Saxons——the Viking and Danish Invasions——the Norman Conquest——William’s Rule——the Great Charter——the Hundred Year’s War——the English Reformation——the English Renaissance——the Civil War——the Glorious Revolution——the Industrial Revolution——the two World Wars 同样，美国历史部分可整理成这样一条线索： The war of Independence——the War of 1812——territorial expansion and Westward Movement——the Civil War——the two World Wars——the Cold War——the Berlin Blockade——the Civil Rights Movement in the 1950s——the Vietnam War 二、课程培养目标 1．知识目标 了解主要英语国家的地理，历史，经济和政治等方面的概况；了解主要英语国家的文化传统，风俗习惯和社会生活的其他有关情况。 2．技能目标 扩大知识面，有效弥补英语专业学生知识面窄的不足；提高英语阅读的能力和语言应用能力。 3．素质目标
《英语国家概况》模拟试卷（二） (考试时间150分钟) (英语专业) I. Direction: Read the following unfinished statements of questions carefully. For each unfinished statement of question four suggested answers A; B, C and D are given. Choose the one you think best completes the statement or answers the question. Write the letter of the answer you have chosen in the corresponding space on your answer sheet (25%) 1. There are ______ political divisions on the island of Great Britain. A. one B. two C. three D. four 2. Magna Carta had altogether 63 clauses of which the most important matters could be seen in three of the following except _______. A. no tax should be made without the approval of the Grand Council; B. no serf should be arrested, imprisoned or deprived of his property except by the law of the land C. London and other towns should retain their ancient rights and privileges D. There should be the same weights and measures through - out the country. 3. The first steam engine was devised by Thomas Newcomer at the end of the 17th century, and the Scottish inventor ________ modified and improved the design in 1765. A. Abraham Darby B. James Watt C. John Kay D. Richard Arkwright 4. In some areas factory farming methods are used, particularly for ________. A. growing crop B. producing milk C. catching fish D. rearing poultry 5. By tradition, the leader of the majority party is appointed ______ by the Sovereign in the United Kingdom. A. Prime Minister B. Member of Parliament C. Lord of Appeal D. Speaker of the House 6. Under the Anglo - Irish Treaty, Britain established _______ with dominion status in Ireland in 1921. A. the Anglican Church of Ireland B. the Irish Free State C. the Irish Republican Army
Unit1 A Brief Introduction to the United Kingdom 1.The flag of Britain : Union Jack （英国国旗中没有显示出Welsh旗） 2. The basic information of each country: Count ry Capital Area Memo Englan d London 最大 1.最不会把自己的 “英格兰文化区 别于其他文化” 2.一个高度城市化
3.The time joining the British parliament: However, in 1707 by agreement of the English and Scottish parliaments, Scotland joined the Union. 4.Difference between the British Isles ,UK, Great Britain , and England: British Isles: the island of Great Britain the island of Ireland
surrounding isles ●UK=Great Britain + Northern Ireland ●Great Britain =England +Scotland + Wales 5.The four major invasions in the history of Great Britain : At first, England was occupied by Celtic people. Then in 43AD Britain was invaded by the Roman Empire. Result: England and Wales became a part of the Roman Empire for nearly 400 years. the Angle-Saxon invaded. Result: The land they lived became" Angle-land", later changed into England, the language they spoken became English. PS：One of the best-known English legends derives from this time. In 5 century AD, King Author(亚瑟王) united the British, and with his magical sword, Excalibur（被称为“王者之剑”的圣剑）,
英语国家概况 名词解释 1. The civil rights movement (1955–1968) refers to the reform movements in the United States aimed at abolishing racial discrimination against African Americans and restoring suffrage in Southern states. 2. A federal system A federal system is one in which power is shared between a central authority and its constituent parts with some rights reserved to each. 3. King Arthur It is said that he was the King of England in the 5th century and united the British and drove the Saxons back with his magical sword, Excalibur. His real existence is in doubt. He is the central figure of many legends. 4. The Anglo-Saxons They were two groups of Germanic peoples who settled down in England from the 5th century. They were regarded as the ancestors of the English and the founders of England. 5. Riverdance Riverdance is a very popular form of dancing based on I reland’s intricate folk dances which are rearranged and modernized and adapted onto current stage performance. Dancing is traditionally part of Irish culture. It is usually accompanied by the Irish pipe and fiddle. The music usually sounds fast and furious. Most of the action is from the waist down, with the arms held rigidly at the sides. 6. The House of Commons The House of Commons is the real centre of British political life because it is the place where about 650 elected representatives (Members of Parliament) make and debate policy. These MPs are elected in the General Elections and should represent the interests of people who vote for them. 7. The Commonwealth It is a voluntary association of states which is made up of Britain and mostly of former British colonies. There are 54 members of the Commonwealth including one currently suspended member: many of these are developing countries like India and Cyprus; others are developed nations like Australia, Canada and New Zealand. The Commonwealth was set up as a forum for continued cooperation and as a sort of support network. 8. Maoritanga Maoritanga means ―Maori culture‖. It refers to all the elements of the rich cultural heritage of the indigenous people in New Zealand, including their language, customs and traditions. 9. The “Washminster” form polity The ―Washminster‖form of polity is adopted by the Australian government. It is a mixture of the US Washington system of government and the British Westminster system. This means that the political