2012届高考英语二轮专题复习精品之必备词汇辨析（十四）
1、offer, provide, supply
这组词都有“供给，装备”之意。
offer: 常用词，意为" 提出，提供，呈现"，表示向别人提供可接受也可拒绝的某物，
如帮助，服务或物品，这可能是对方要求也可能是自己主动提出的。offer to help sb. 表示愿意帮助某人；offer sb. sth./ offer sth. to sb.提供某人某物。例如：The river would offer power production estimated at 500,000 kilowatts if a dam were constructed. 如果筑起水坝，这条河就能提供大约50万千瓦的电力。An international corporation offered him a well-paid job, which he refused politely, since taking it would involve traveling abroad most of the time. 一家跨国公司向他许诺一份待遇优厚的工作，而他婉言谢绝了，
因为接受那项工作就意味着大多数时间都得在国外出差。
provide: "供给，提供，装备，准备"，强调有预见，并通过储存或准备的方式为某事做
准备，以在需要时提供所需物品。常用词组：provide sb. with sth./ provide sth. for sb. 提供生活费，养活，为……做准备。例如：Through the long days his wife sought by every possible means to provide him with occupation.在漫长的日子里，他的妻子试图用各种
可能的办法给他找事干。As equipment improved, satellites began providing scientists
with weather maps of the entire globe. 设备改进后，人造卫星开始向科学家提供整个地
球的气象图。
supply: "供给，补充，弥补"，着重表示替换或不足所需之物以及弥补缺陷，满足要求
的意思，还可作名词，意为“供给（量），物资，存货”。常用短语：supply the market with new commodities 向市场供应新产品；supply a want 弥补不足；supply...for把……供给。The book would be incomplete without such discussions as I have tried to supply. 如果没有我努力提供的这样一些论述，这本书就会显得不完整。What I admire most in my life is doctors and others supplying medical care to assistance recipients. 我一生中最敬佩的是那些向受援者提供医疗护理的医生和其他人。
2、opinion, proposal,advice
advice: "忠告，意见", 指凭借丰富的知识，足够的经验及正确的判断,对他人提出自己的劝告，见解。My advice to you as a friend is that you should treat your wife with
more consideration. 作为朋友，我给你的忠告是你要多体贴妻子。It was only by her husband's advice that Julia had given up the idea. 只是在她丈夫的劝告下，朱莉亚才
放弃了这个念头。
opinion: "意见，看法，主张，见解"，可指个人或权威人士的判断，主要表示对于有争
议，有疑问的事经过仔细考虑后得出的结论，但暗含其中有个人因素，可能有误会或会遭到
驳斥。常用词组：in one's opinion 依某人看。The professors arguing about the cause
of the disease, the young doctor listened attentively waiting for a chance to put
forward his own opinion. 教授们在争论着这种疾病的病因，而那位年轻的医生专心倾听着，
等待着提出自己见解的机会。Our doctor says it is due to a nervous disorder, but I think we should take another opinion. 我们的医生说这是由于神经失调，但是我认为我们应该
再请一位医生诊断。
proposal：“提议，建议，请求（如求婚）”，指较为正式的建议等，提出以供别人参
考，接受或实施，但也可能被拒绝。The steel industry refused to make a ny wage proposals until it obtained federal clearance for higher steel prices. 钢铁工业直到获得联邦
政府提高钢价的许可后才不再拒绝提出任何有关工资的提议。She told me that the second
proposal of marriage which she received came from an Italian prince. 她告诉我第二个向她求婚的是一个意大利王子。
3、outstanding, distinguished
这组词都含有“杰出”之意。
distinguished: "卓越的，卓著的，杰出的", 一般指人的才华，品德达到受正式认可的
水平，尤指因优越的品质而超越于同类之上，从而为公众所知。其动词词组：distinguish A from B, distinguish between A and B （分辨A和B）。例如：Dwight D. Eisenhower was a distinguished general in American history, who made o utstanding contributions to the victory of World War II. 艾森豪威尔是美国历史上战绩卓著的将军，他曾为二战的胜利作
出了杰出的贡献。Unlike their obscurer colleagues, distinguished composers do not have to struggle to get a hearing for their music. 著名的作曲家不像没有什么名声的同仁，
无须为自己的作品得到上演而奔波。His mind could no longer distinguish between illusion and reality. 他的头脑已经不再能分清幻觉和现实。
outstanding: "杰出的，突出的"，非正式的普通用词，一般指优于同类其他事物的人或
事物，也可指某种与周围环境截然不同的特点。These organizations have done outstanding work in promoting friendship and cooperation between the countries. 这些组织在促
进邻邦间友谊和合作方面作出了杰出的贡献。He was one of the outstanding legislators
who had to resign simply because they couldn't afford to serve any longer. 他是那些由于不能继续工作而不得不辞职的杰出议员之一。
4、occupation, career, profession
occupation: "职业，事业", 是个较有概括性也较正式的词。即某人经常做或训练有素
的工作。The report pointed out that society and occupation normally play an important part in determining mortality. 报告指出，社会与职业的因素在正常情况下对死亡有重要
影响。You can see in her face that life was full of interest, expectation and occupation. 你可以在她脸上看到对她来说生活中充满兴趣，期望和事业。
career:“事业，职业“，指一个人为之受过训练并愿终生或相当长一段时间从事的职业。
还含有“生涯，生活历程”之意。It was a thousand pities so clever a fellow should
be shut out from a career. 这么聪明的一个人不能在事业上一显身手，实在太可惜了。As far as I was concerned, it didn't make much sense to be changing careers at this point in my life. 就我个人来说，到了这个年纪改行干别的，不会有多大出息。
profession: "职业"，指只有受过相当高的专门教育或训练，具有了某种专业知识和技
能并有创造力的人才能从事的职业，过去专指法律，医学和神学，现在扩展到其他许多具有
相当社会地位的工作，如教育，演艺等。常用词组：by profession （就职业而言）。例如：He chose to make his friends mostly among members of the advertising profession. 他喜爱主要在以设计广告为职业的成员中交朋友。He was found early that he had a vocation for the ministry, though he ended up in the law profession instead. 尽管他最后当
上了律师,但人们发现他早年从事的是神职工作。
5、of one's own, one's own
这两个词组都是“自己的”的意思。
of one's own中的own作名词用。整个短语表示“属于某人自己”的意思，只作后置修
饰语，修饰带有a(n), this, that, some, any, no, one, two, 等限定词的名词或修饰one, nothing, something, anything 等不定代词。例如：She has a mind of her own. 她颇有主见。I have nothing of my own. 我自己一无所有。The workers took him as one of their own. 工人们把他当作自己人。
one's own既可用作名词，意指“自己的东西”；亦可用作形容词，意指“自己的”。例
如：This house is his own. (= This is his own house.) 这座房子是他自己的。（= 这是他自己的房子。）I saw it with my o wn e yes. 我是亲眼看见的。She makes all her own d resses. 她的衣服都是她自己做的。
6、officer, officia
officer一般指“军官”或引申而指组织近乎军事化，穿特殊制服的工作人员，如警察等；也指商船的高级船员如大副，二副等。例如：He was promoted to the rank of the first officer. 他被提升为大副。
official一般指政府的“文职官员”，在美国它也可指运动会上的田径赛裁判员。例如：Everywhere he went he was accompanied by a group of officials. 他每到一处都有一群
官员陪同。Nepotism and corruption among government officials can ruin a nation without foreign aggression. 政府官员的裙带关系和贪污腐化，虽无外患亦能毁灭国家。
7、on board, on the board, on the boards
on board泛指“在船上”，它还可指“在飞机（火车，共用车辆等）上”。这个习语也
可接船名（如：on board the Dongfeng 在东风号上）或船的类型（如：on board a liner
在油轮上，on board a warship在军舰上）。例如：As soon as I'm on board I always feel
sick. 我一到船上，就总是感到恶心。He wasn't on board the ship when it sailed. 启航时，他不在船上。The plane flew off after all the passengers came on board. 飞机等到全部乘客上来后才起飞。
on the board除可表示“在（具体的）这只或那只船上”外，还可表示“在会上讨论（be discussed at a meeting）"的被动含义。例如：The plan is on the board. 那项计划正在讨论中。The problem will be laid on the board at the next meeting. 这个问题将在下一次会上讨论。
on the boards中的boards是“舞台”的意思，其本义表示“在舞台上”，现常引申为
“做演员，演出”，常用在连系动词be后作表语。例如：Lily is on the boards, but Katie can get nothing to do. 莉莉当上了演员，可是凯蒂却找不到事干。The play is now on the boards in Beijing. 该剧目前在北京上演。
8、on earth, on the earth, in the earth
on earth有两个意思：1.“在世界上”，相当于in the wold。2.“究竟，到底；一点也，全然”，相当于at all的意思和用法，这时它常用于疑问句，否定词或最高级后加强语
气。例如：Mary couldn't understand what on earth the teacher meant. 玛丽不理解老师说的究竟是什么意思。I feel like nothing on earth. 我感到说不出来的难过。
on the earth的意思是“在地球上”，用作地点状语或连系动词be的表语。例如：It is said that there are probably over one million living creatures on the earth. 据说地球上可能有百万多种生物。It is supposed at the present that human beings can only
live on the earth. 据目前所知，人类只能生活在地球上。
in the earth尽管可译成“在世界上”，实际上它含有“在地下”的意味。因此，指世
界上空间的存在物不能用它。例如：The genie said he would show all the treasure in the earth to the man who would set him free.那妖怪说，他将让放他出来的人看到世界上的
所有宝藏。There is much petroleum in the earth. 地下有大量的石油。
9、on foot, on one's feet
on foot的本义为“步行”，用作方式状语，它也常常转义为“在活动中；在实行中，在
进行中”，含进行时的被动意义，可用作表语或后置定语。例如：If the weather permits,
I'll go to town on foot. 如果天气许可，我将步行进城。 A game of this kind is never
played with the remainder of the financial community entirely unaware of what is on
foot. 耍这类花招是决不可能在金融界其余的人士毫无所知的情况下进行的。This is a plan on foot. 这是一项正在实施的计划。
on one's feet中的feet任何时侯不可用单数形式foot替代。它常同动词be, stand等连用，表示“站着”的意思；它还可指病人经过治疗后“恢复健康”，指经济状况“恢复正
常”或某人，某企业等“经济独立”。例如： A shop assistant is on her feet for most of the day. 售货员几乎是整天站着的。In three days you will be on your feet. 三天后你的病就会好的。He stood on his feet at last. 他终于在经济上独立了。
10、on purpose, in purpose, of purpose
这三个介词短语都可用来指某人做某件事情带有一定的目的，即表示“有意地，故意地；
有目的地”的意思。这时它们均在句中作状语,一般可以换用，只是on purpose最为常见，in purpose和of purpose基本废弃。试比较："I'm sorry I stepped on your toe ; it was
an accident." "It wasn't! You did it on purpose.""对不起,踩着你的脚了,我是无意的。" "不，你是故意的。"We s ometimes turn back in purpose. 我们有时故意走回头路。The insult was made of purpose. 这是故意侮辱人。
in purpose还可用作方面状语，表示“在目的方面”的意思；有时还可表示“在意志方
面”的意思，这时，可用of purpose替代。例如：They are similar in purpose. 他们目的相似。He is weak in purpose (or: of purpose). 他意志薄弱。Peter is so infirm of purpose that it is useless to ask him for advice. 彼得这人优柔寡断，向他征求意见
是徒劳无用的。
11、out of question, out of the question
这两个短语只有一个the之差，但意思却几乎完全相反。
out of question中的question是“疑问”的意思，整个短语一起表明对一项事物或建
议等的肯定，即“毫无疑问”的意思，通常用作状语或者表语，其意思和用法与without question相当。例如：Out of question, this plan can be fulfilled ahead of time. 毫无疑问，这个计划可以提前完成。It is out of question that he will be appointed Chief
Engineer of the railway. 毫无疑问，他将被任命为那条铁路的总工程师。
out of the question中的question是“问题”的意思，整个短语表明对某项事物，要
求或建议等的否定，即“不可能”的意思，一般用在连系动词be的后面作表语。例如：I have so much work to do that a holiday for me this year is out of the question. 我要做的工作太多，因此，今年我休假是根本不可能的事。Raising more pigs is out of the question unless the fodder question is solved. 饲料问题不解决，多养猪是办不到的。
12、only to do, only doing
only后接动词不定式和现在分词都被用作结果状语。only to do的意思是“不料（却）……，结果（却）……", 表示一个没有料到的结果。例如：I hurried to the supermarket, only to find it was closed. 我匆忙赶到超市，不料它已经关门了。He made a long speech only to show his foolishness. 他讲了一大通，结果只是显露了他的愚蠢。I went to see him, only to learn that he had left the city the night before. 我去看他，不料听人
家说他已经在前夜离开这个城市。
only doing的意思是“结果就……",表示一个意料之中的结果。例如：He died, only leaving nothing but debts. 他死了，结果只留下了一身债务。He dropped the plate, only breaking it into pieces. 盘子从他手中掉下来，结果摔成了碎片。He aimed, fired, only bringing down a red-necked bird. 他瞄准，射击，结果打下了一只红颈鸟。
英语词汇173题详解(1-39) 1. In this factory, suggestions often have to wait for months before they are fully _____. A.admitted B.acknowledged C.absorbe d D.considered [答案] D. considered [注释] considered 考虑; admit 承认; absorb 吸收。 [注意]acknowledge 1) (=agree or admit the truth of; confess) 承认, 供认; A. He acknowledged his mistake. (他承认了他的错误。) B. 接动名词He acknowledged having been beaten. (他承认被打败了。) 2) (express thanks for) 致谢; A. Mary acknowledged the gift with a pleasant letter. (玛丽致函感谢馈赠的礼物。) B. His long service with the company was acknowledged with a present. (向他赠送礼品以感谢他长期来对公司的服务。) 2. The boy slipped out of the room and headed for the swimming pool without his parents' _____.
A. command B. conviction C. consent D. compromise [答案] C. consent [注释] consent 同意, 赞成, 答应。conviction 深信, 确信。compromise 妥协, 折中。command 命令, 指令; 掌握, 运用能力。3. Our research has focused on a drug which is so _____ as to be able to change brain chemistry. . powerful B. influential C. monstrous D. vigorous [答案] A. powerful [注释] powerful (=having or producing great power) 强有力的。在这里四个形容词中, 只有powerful (有效力的) 可与表示药物的名词搭配。influential 有影响的, 有势力的, monstrous 异常大的, vigorous 精力旺盛的, 强健有力的。 4. The lost car of the Lees was found _____ in the woods off the highway. A. vanished B. abandoned C. scattered D. rejected
高考核心单词----动词精讲（高考动力站） 1. abandon vt. = give up = throw 1.离开，遗弃 2.放弃，停止做（某事） 3.放纵，放任 派生abandoned a. -ed结尾：动词/形容词 I abandon myself in wasting time. 我让我自己放纵于浪费时间。 2. abolish vt. 废除，废止（+ certain system某些系统/ certain practice某些行动）PK cancel vt. 取消 abuse 滥用 abnormal 不正常的 ab-开头表示否定 3. absorb vt. “吮” 1.吸收（某事物），吸进 2.将（某物）合并，并吞 3.完全吸引住（某人）的注意力或兴趣 派生be absorbed in sth. 沉浸于sth. I am absorbed in the party, so I forget anything. 4. ac commod ate vt. 来自com mod ity n. 日用品 -ity -ment -hood -ness –on名词 mode模式model模型module模块 -mod-样子 = put up sb. 1.供给某人住宿或房间 2.适应，迁就，迎合 派生accommodation n. 旅馆 5. ac company vt. company n. 公司；朋友=friend I accompany him. = I keep company with him 我伴随着他。 1.伴随或跟随（某人），陪伴 2.与某事物同时存在或发生 派生accompany A by/ with B 用B来伴随A I accompany him with swim.（错） I accompany him with swimming. 我让他天天游泳。 3.给某人伴奏 派生accompany sb. at / on sth. 在sth.给sb.伴奏 I accompany him at the party. 6. accuse vt. 指责某人有错；犯罪或犯法；指控；控告；谴责 派生accuse sb. of sth. 因为sth.谴责sb. 7. accustom vt. 使……习惯于 custom n. 习俗 派生accustom A to B 使A习惯B I accustom myself to wearing glasses .
高考必背英语词汇辨析-B字头 1、base与basis 这两个词在作名词时可表示"基础；基地"，但其意义是不同的。base用来指某物体的具体"基础"或底部的"支柱"。 例如： We camped at the base of the mountain.我们在山脚下扎营。 Our company's base is in New York , but we have extended many branches all around the world.我们公司的总部设在纽约，但是分公司遍及全世界。 而basis则用来表示抽象意义上的"基础"，常用于比喻句。 What's the basis of your opinion?你的意见的根据是什么？ We are willing to develop economic relations with all countries on the basis of mutual benefits.我们愿意在互利互惠的原则下同各国发展经济关系。 2、be about to 这个短语与"be to do","be going to do"两个短语都可用来表示"将要做某事，但含义和用法有所不同。be about to 从时间上来讲，等于be just going to do，意思是"即将，马上就要去做"。因此，在由这个短语构成的句子中，一般不可再加上表示时间的状语（如at once, next） 例如： I am about to leave for Shanghai.我将要去上海。 be to do主要表示安排或计划要在将来做的事情，它还可以表示命令等语气，相当于should, must 等。它可以同将来的时间状语连用。 例如： The US President Bill Clinton is to visit Japan next week.美国总统比尔?克林顿将于下周访日。The letter is to be handed to him in person.这封信必须面交他本人。 be going to do 一般可以和be to do 换用，它在通常情况下表示计划，安排或准备去做某事的意向，但并不一定马上去做。它一般都与时间状语连用；此外，它还可以用来表示某种推断或可能性。 例如：What are you going to do for your holiday?假期有什么打算吗？ It's going to rain soon, look at those black clouds.看那些乌云，快要下雨了。
a高考英语词汇及解析B 1. back adv.回（原处）;向后 adj.后面的 n. 背后，后部；背 back and forth 来回，往返； back to back 背靠背 behind one’s back 背后； look back 回顾 put back 放回去；turn one’s back on 避开，不理睬 2. ◎backward adv. backward and forward 来来回回 bend /lean over backward to do 竭尽全力去做… 3. baggage n.行李 a piece of/an article of baggage 4. ◎balance 1) n. ①平衡keep a balance (between A and B) lose one’s balance disturb the balance of one’s mind ②余额 (常用单数） check your bank balance ③欠款（常用单数）The balance of 500 yuan must be paid within 90 days. 短语 be/ hang in the balance 不明朗的，未定的，悬而未决的 catch / throw sb. off balance 使…失去平衡；使…不知所措 on balance 总的来说 2）v．①保持平衡 ~（sth）on sth balance on one leg He balanced the cup on her knee. ②同等重视 balance A with/ and B balance home life with career ③比较权衡 balance A against B balance the cost against its benefit balanced adj. be on a balanced diet 5.●ban n.禁令 v. 禁止，取缔 a ban on smoking 禁烟令 place… under ban 对…加以禁止 ban sb. from sth./ doing 禁止某人做 6. ◎bar 1) n. 条，块 a bar of chocolate / soap 障碍 Being a woman was a bar to promotion. 2) vt. 封堵 All the doors and windows were barred. 阻止 bar sb. from ... bar players from drinking 7.bargain n. （经讨价还价之后）成交的商品；廉价货 Those shoes are a real bargain at such a low price.v. 讨价还价 bargain with sb about /over sth 8. base n. 根据地，基地 v.以...为基地, 把基地设在 1) base sth on/upon sth 以…为基础 His book is based on a true story. 2)be based in以...为基地,把基地设在 The toy company is based in Guangzhou. basic adj 基本的basic knowledge/skills basically adv. 9. ◎basis (复数 bases ) 1）基础，要素form the basis of… 2) 基准，原则 on a regular /permanent basis 以定期的/永久的方式 3) 原因，缘由on the basis of… Some videos were banned on the basis of violence. 10. bath n.洗澡;浴室;澡盆; have/take a bath bathe v. 洗澡,游泳be bathed in …沉浸在,沐浴着（光线）bathroom n.浴室 11. bear (bore, born/borne) v. 1）承受 (重量) The ice is too thin to bear your weight. 2) 负担, 承担 bear the cost/ burden/responsibility 3）忍受;容忍（常用于疑问句、否定句，与can, could 连用） bear to do/doing 4) bear…in mind 记住 12. beat v (beat ,beaten) 连续有节奏的敲击 My heart is beating faster than usual. Waves are beating the shore. 击败: He beat me in the game. ※ beat & hit &strike & knock 13. before It will be +段时间+before+ do/does…要过多久才… It was +段时间+before+ did…没过多久就… 14. beg 乞求，请求 beg—begged—begged—begging beg sb. to do 请求、乞求某人做某事 I beg your pardon. 对不起、请原谅（降调）请再讲一遍（降调） 15.begin—began—begun—beginning begin with=start with 以…开始 to begin with=to start with (插入语)首先、第一 I don’t like living here. To begin with, the room is far too small. 16. beginning n.开始，开端at the beginning of… in the beginning= at first 17. ◎behave v. 表现 He behaved as if nothing had happened. behave badly/well/like a true gentleman behave oneself 表现得体，有礼貌 well / badly behaved children 18. ◎behavior n. 不可数 good/ bad behavior be on your best behavior 尽量表现得体 19. behind drop/ fall behind 落后 leave sb./sth. behind 遗落、忘带 20. ◎belief n. （不可数） 1）相信，信心 belief in I admire his belief in what he is doing. 2) 看法，信念（不可数） He acted in the belief that he was doing good. There is a general belief that things will soon get better. 3) 信仰（可数 beliefs） religious/ political beliefs 短语 beyond belief 难以置信to the best of one’s belief 尽其所知 21. believe believe it or not (插入语)信不信由你 It is believed that he is a good teacher. =He is believed to be a good teacher. 22. belong belong to 属于（无被动） The house belonging to her is under repair. 23. bend v. 弯曲、弯腰、伏案 bend—bent—bent She was bent over her desk writing a letter. 她正伏案写信。 24. ◎benefit 1) n. 优势，益处（不可数）She didn’t get much benefit from her staying abro ad. 短语: be of benefit to...=be beneficial to ... to one’s benefit 对某人有利 for one’s benefit = for the benefit of sb. 为了帮助.../为了某人的利益
2012高考英语常用词汇辨析 ◆wash／wash away◇wash表示“洗（手、衣服等）”，既可作及物动词，又 可作不及物动词；◇wash away表示“冲走”、“冲垮”、“洗掉”，作及物动词短语用。 [EXERCISES] ①The flood some of the houses in the village．②He his face and hands，then went downstairs．③You must before dinner．（Keys: ①washed away ②washed ③wash） ◆wear；have on；put on；dress；（be）in＋颜色（服装、眼镜等） ◇wear主要用于穿衣服、戴眼镜（手套、首饰、帽）等，以强调“穿（戴） 着”的状态。例如： Mr Wu always wears a blue coat in winter．吴老师冬天总是穿着一件蓝色大衣。 ◇have on作“穿（戴）着”解，同wear一样，也表状态，但不用于进行时态。例如： Xiao Wang has on a white shirt today．（＝Xiao Wang is wearing a white shirt today．）小王今天穿着一件白衬衫。 ◇put on着重强调“穿（戴）上”的动作。例如： I like to put on my hat when I go out in winter．冬天，我喜欢外出时戴上帽子。 ◇dress既可作及物动词，又可作不及物动词，所接宾语是人而不是衣、帽等 物。例如： 1）Her mother is dressing her．她母亲正在给她穿衣服。 2）The nurses are dressed in white．护士穿着白衣服。 ◇“（be）in＋颜色或服装、眼镜等”也表示“穿着”的状态，在句中作 表语或定语。例如： He is in uniform today．他今天穿着制服。 ◆work on／work at ◇work on表示“从事”、“创作”、“进行”，后面接名词、
高考核心单词----动词精讲（高考动力站）1. abandon vt. = give up = throw 1.离开，遗弃 2.放弃，停止做（某事） 3.放纵，放任 派生abandoned a. -ed结尾：动词/形容词 I abandon myself in wasting time. 我让我自己放纵于浪费时间。 2. abolish vt. 废除，废止（+ certain system某些系统/ certain practice某些行动） PK cancel vt. 取消 abuse 滥用 abnormal 不正常的 ab-开头表示否定 3. absorb vt. “吮” 1.吸收（某事物），吸进 2.将（某物）合并，并吞 3.完全吸引住（某人）的注意力或兴趣 派生be absorbed in sth. 沉浸于sth. I am absorbed in the party, so I forget anything. 4. ac commod ate vt. 来自com mod ity n. 日用品 -ity -ment -hood -ness –on名词 mode模式model模型module模块 -mod-样子 = put up sb. 1.供给某人住宿或房间 2.适应，迁就，迎合 派生accommodation n. 旅馆 5. ac company vt. company n. 公司；朋友=friend I accompany him. = I keep company with him 我伴随着他。 1.伴随或跟随（某人），陪伴 2.与某事物同时存在或发生 派生accompany A by/ with B 用B来伴随A I accompany him with swim.（错） I accompany him with swimming. 我让他天天游泳。 3.给某人伴奏 派生accompany sb. at / on sth. 在sth.给sb.伴奏 I accompany him at the party. 6. accuse vt. 指责某人有错；犯罪或犯法；指控；控告；谴责 派生accuse sb. of sth. 因为sth.谴责sb. 7. accustom vt. 使……习惯于custom n. 习俗 派生accustom A to B 使A习惯B I accustom myself to wearing glasses . 我已经习惯戴眼镜了。 = I am accustomed to wearing glasses. 派生accustomed a. 习惯的 be used to doing sth. 习惯于做sth. be devoted to doing sth. 投身于sth. 8. achieve vt. 1.完成，达成 2.凭努力获得或达到 achieve + fame 名声 +goal 目标 +knowledge 知识 +success 成功 PK acquire 实现（被动） Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome AIDS 获得性免疫缺陷综合症 finish 结束（不是实现） conclude 下结论（只能加句子） 9. acknowledge vt. 1.承认= admit = confess acknowledge A as B 承认A就是B 2.公认为，认为 3.感谢 10. accept vt. = take 1.主动接受 PK receive 被动接收（receipt收据）2.承认，认可 11. adapt vt. 来自apt adj. 有……倾向性的 1.使适应 adapt A to B 使A适应B 2.改编 12. adjust vt. 来自just adj. 正义的 1.调节，使适应 2.调整，校准 3.整理，核算 派生adjust A to B 13. admire vt. 钦佩，赞美，羡慕 I admire you. 我羡慕你。
亲爱的同学：这份试卷将再次记录你的自信、沉着、智慧和收获，我们一直投给你信任的目光…… 词汇（23） 李仕才 复习：1、核心单词2、重点短语3、写作句式4、我读我练（词汇应用、句式仿写） 【单句单词语法填空】 1． When you phoned me, I was having a meeting; how I wish I ________(answer) your call. 答案：had answered 句意为：当你给我打电话的时候，我正在开会。我多么希望我(之前)接了你的电话。wish后的从句中用虚拟语气，根据句意可知是对过去情况的虚拟，所以谓语动词用had done形式。 2． Had it not been for my teacher's help, I wouldn't________(win)the first place in contest. 答案：have won 条件从句中的谓语动词用“had＋过去分词”，主句中的谓语动词用“should/would/could/might＋have done”。根据句意答案为have won。 3．(2014·湖南，22改编)If Mr.Dewey ______(be) present, he would have offered any possible assistance to the people there. 答案：had been 句意为：如果杜威先生在场的话，他就会为那里的人提供任何可能的帮助。从主句中的would have offered可以看出，从句表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，故应用过去完成时。 4．(2014·甘肃天水一中段考改编)John wants to see me now, but I have so much work on hand that I would rather he ________(come) tomorrow than today. 答案：came would rather后面接从句时，从句中的谓语动词通常要用一般过去时，表示对现在或将来的假设。 5．(2012·陕西，17改编)If my car______(be)more reliable，I would have driven to Lhasa instead of flying last summer. 答案：had been 句意为：如果我的车更可靠点儿的话，我去年夏天就会开车去拉萨，而不是坐飞机去了。根据语境可知，此处是对过去事实的虚拟，故if条件句用过去完成时，主句谓语用“would/could/might/should＋have＋过去分词”。 核心单词 1.queue n. 行列，长队 2.racial adj. 种族的
高考英语词汇（全） a (an) art. 一（个、件……） ability n. 能力；才能 able a. 能够；有能力的 about ad. 大约；到处；四处 prep. 关于；在各处；四处 above prep. 在……上面 a. 上面的 ad. 在……之上 abroad ad. 到（在）国外 absence n.. 不在，缺席 absent a. 缺席，不在 accent n. 口音，音调 accept vt. 接受 accident n. 事故，意外的事 according to ad. 按照，根据 account n. 账目；描述 ache vi.& n. 痛，疼痛 achieve vt. 达到，取得 across prep. 横过，穿过 act n. 法令，条例 v. （戏）表演，扮演（角色），演出（戏）；行动，做事 action n. 行动 take action active a. 积极的，主动的 activity n. 活动 actor n. 男演员 actress n. 女演员
actual a. 实际的；现实的 AD n. 公元 ad (缩) =advertisementn.广告 Add vt.添加，增加 addition n. 增加；（算数用语）加 address n. 地址 admire v. 钦佩；羡慕 admirer admiration admission n. 准入, 接纳 admit vt. 承认，准许（入场，入学，入会） adult n. 成年人 adulthood advance v. 推进，促进；前进 advancement advantage n. 优点；好处 adventure n. 冒险；奇遇 advertise vt. 为……做广告 advertisement n. 广告 advice n. 忠告，劝告，建议 advise vt. 忠告，劝告，建议aeroplane n. (英)飞机 affair n. 事，事情 current affairs affect vt. 影响 afford vt. 负担得起（……的费用）；抽得出（时间）；提供 afraid a. 害怕的；担心 be afraid of /to do sth. Africa* n. 非洲 African非洲的，非洲人的 n. 非洲人 after ad. 在后；后来 prep. 在……之后；在后面 conj. 在……以后 afternoon n. 下午，午后
名词及其用法辨析 高考英语词汇辨析一般在于同义词、近义词的词义和用法辨析、反义词之间的意义差别、词组（短语）的用法异同点以及一些习惯用法和固定搭配等。常见的有形容词与副词辨析、名词及其用法辨析、动词及其短语辨析、代词及其用法辨析、介词和连词等用法辨析。 名词及其用法辨析 1)高考英语名词难点： 名词词义辨析、可数名词与不可数名词；抽象名词的具体化；名词的所有格；名词作定语以及名词固定习语；名词与主谓一致等。在学习过程中，要掌握常用名词的基本用法，注意一词多义和旧词新义。注意辨别词义及其用法时要结合语境。以下几组词是常见易混词难点： （1）sound, noise与voice sound，noise和voice这三个名词都可表示“声音”，但是，它们表示的“声音”并不相同。 sound作“声音”，“响声”讲时，可以指人或动物发出的声音，或物体碰撞的声言。这个词的使用范围很大。可以说，大自然的任何“声音”都可以用sound。如： At midnight he heard a strange sound.半夜里，他听到一种奇怪的声音。 Light travels much faster than sound.光的传播速度比声音快得多。 noise意为“噪音”、“喧闹声”，常指不悦耳、不和谐的嘈杂声。例如： Don’t make any noise!别吵闹!The noise wakes me up.噪音吵醒了我! voice一般指人的声音，说话、唱歌。谈笑都可用voice。sound和noise不仅能指人的声音，还可以表示别的动物发出的声音;而voice除了有时可指鸟的声音外，很少表示其它动物的声音。如：The girl has a beautiful voice.那女孩嗓音很美。They are talking in low voices.他们正小声交谈。 （2）family, house与home family, 家庭，更多人文属性；house, 房子，物质属性；home，指“家、住所”，指一个人（或一家人）居住的地方，也可指一个人出生或长大的地方（乡村、城市或国家等），它具有house所没有的感情色彩（如团聚、思念等），家，家不一定有house； family 的意思是“家庭、家庭成员”，与居住的房子无关。当family作为整体概念的“家庭”讲时是单数；当“家庭成员”讲时是复数。如： Mr. Green's family is very large. 格林先生家里的人很多。 house 指“家”时含义较窄，仅指“房屋”这一建筑物，一般指独门独户的房子，不指楼房。如： New houses are going up everywhere. 到处都是新盖的房子。 There is a house near the river. 河边有座房子。 The American friends are leaving Beijing for home tomorrow. 明天美国朋友要离开北京回国了。 Lin Chong left home for Liang Mountain. 林冲离开家到梁山去了。 （3）sight, view, scene与scenery sight则既可以指场景、眼前看到的景观，又可以指名胜、风景，但表示后者的含义时，习惯上要用复数。如：The sight was quite amusing. 这景象使人感到有趣。 We saw the sights of Hong Kong by bus. 我们乘公共汽车观看香港的风景。Mary walked round the town, looking at the sights. 玛丽在城里到处转，逛各处景点。 view主要指从某处看到的东西或景象，有时也指“风景”，尤指自然美景 （fine natural scenery）。如： From the window there was a clear view of the mountains. 从窗户往外看 是一览无余的群山。 scene 多指某一特定或具体场面所表示的“景色”、“场景”等，可以是室内的也可以是室外的、可以是城市的也可以是乡村的、可以是活动的也可以是静态的等。如： There are some pretty scenes in the park. 公园里有几处美丽的景色。
词汇（24） 复习:1、核心单词2、重点短语3、写作句式4、我读我练（词汇应用、句式仿写） 【单句单词语法填空】 1、—Didyouenjoytheparty？ —Yes，We________(treat)wellbyourhosts. 答案:weretreated 根据上下文，这里谈的是举行过的一次聚会，应该用过去时，并且“我们”是被主人招待的，所以需用一般过去时的被动语态。句意:——你喜欢这个聚会吗？——是的，我们的主人很好地招待了我们。 2．Inthelastfewyears， China________(make)greatachievementsinenvironmentalprotecti on. 答案:hasmade 时间状语in/overthelastfewyears通常与现在完成时连用。句意:在过去的几年中，中国在环境保护方面取得了巨大成就。 3．(2015·北京，30改 编)—Dr.Jacksonisnotinhisofficeatthemoment. —Allright.I________(call)himlater. 答案:willcall 据第一句的时态判断，Dr.Jackson目前不在办公室，所以打电话是将来的事。句意:——Dr.Jackson现在不在办公室。——好的，我待会再给他打。 4．(2015·天津，6改 编)Janecan'tattendthemeetingat3o'clockthisafternoonbecauses he________(teach)aclassatthattime.
答案:willbeteaching 根据题干时间状语 3o'clockthisafternoon的提示可知，动作发生时间为将来；而句尾的atthattime为一个特定的时间点，因此，该题强调在将来的大时间背景下的某一个特定时间点发生的事，故用将来进行时。 5．(2015·天津，9改编)Despitethepreviousroundsoftalks，noagreement________(reach)sofarbythetwosides. 答案:hasbeenreached 本句中的时间状语sofar表示“到目前为止”，为现在完成时的标志词。reachnoagreement短语中noagreement作主语，reach要用被动，故结合时态可知填hasbeenreached。 核心单词 1.regulation n. 规则，规章 2.reject vt. 拒绝 3.relation n. 关系；亲属 4.relative n. 亲属，亲戚 5.relax v. (使)放松，轻松 6.relevant adj. 紧密相关的；有意义的 7.reliable adj. 可信赖的，可依靠的 8.relief n. 缓解，消除；救济；援救 9.religious adj. 宗教的 10.remain vi. 剩下；保持，仍是 11.remark n. 谈论；评论 v. 说起；评论 12.remind vt. 提醒，使记起 13.remote adj. 遥远的；偏僻的；疏远的
2008高考必背英语词汇辨析-A字头 1. above all 表示“最重要的是；尤其”的意思。 例如： The local government faces many tough problems, and above all, pollution problem.当地政府面临许多问题，但首当其冲的是污染问题。 A capable candidate should be outstanding in many ways, and above all, confidence.一个称职的竞选者应在许多方面表现突出，但最重要的是自信心。 2. according to according to是一个短语介词，意思是“按照或根据”。 例如： He will be punished according to the seriousness of his crime.他所受的惩罚要根据其犯罪的严重程度而定。 I will take the medicine according to the instruction.我会按说明来服药的。 我们又常常会碰到"according as"这一短语，那么这两者又有何联系呢？according as 是短语从属连词，后接从句。作“根据……而”或“视……而定”解。例如：You will be praised or blamed according as your work is well done or not.根据你的工作表现好坏，将给予奖励或惩罚。 3. account for 这个词的意思比较多，归纳起来,有以下用法： 1). 解释，说明。例如:She was unable to account for '5000.她无法解释那5000美元的去处。 2). 是……产生的原因,解释为什么有(某种情况)。例如：The police tried to account for the blood spot.警察试图解释这血迹是怎么来的。 3). 占。例如：Students account for 50% of our customers. 在我们的顾客中，学生占了一半。The tuition accounts for two thirds of his income. 学费占了他三分之一的收入。 4. act out 表示表演出来比划着(用手势及语言表演或表达)”的意思。 例如： The children were told to act out their favorite story.孩子们被要求表演他们最喜爱的故事。
2010高考英语词汇练习及详解（3） 101. Professor Smith and Professor Brown will _____ in giving the class lectures. A. exchange B. alter C. shift D. alternate [答案]D. alternate. [注释]alternate vt./vi. 轮流，交替发生或出现：Wet days alternate with fine days.(晴雨天交替更迭。)The weather today will alternate between fine and cloudy.(今天的天气将是晴间多云。) shift般动，移动（vt.）；转移到，迁移（vi.）；改变：1)Lend me a hand to shift the piano, will you?(请帮个忙搬一下这台钢琴。) 2)They have shifted away from this area.(他们已从这一地区迁走了。) 3)The candidate is constantly shifting his opinion about the problem.(这位竞选者在这个问题上不断改变他的观点。) exchange交换；exchange... for ... 用.......换......；alter(部分)修改。 102. Pack the cake in a strong box, or it might get _____ in the post. A. splashed B. spilt C. crushed D. crashed [答案]C. crushed. [注释]crush压坏，压碎；弄皱；辗散；1)Don't crush this box; there are flowers inside.(不要把这个盒子压坏了，里面有鲜花。) 2)Her dress was crushed.(她的衣服弄皱了。) 3)The machine crushes wheat grain to make floor.(这台机器把麦粒辗成面粉。) splash溅，泼；split(中间)裂开；crash(向下)猛跌；（飞机）失事。 103. The thief _____ the papers all over the room while he was searching. A. abandoned B. vanished C. scattered D. deserted [答案]C. scattered. [注释]scatter(=throw or put in various directions, or here and there)撒。 abandon放弃，抛弃。desert遗弃（而离开）。vanish消亡，灭亡。本题句意是将小偷在搜寻钱时的情景，所以应选scattered(撒)。104. Today, housework has been made much easier by electrical _____. A. facilities B. appliances C. instruments D. equipment [答案]B. appliances. [注释]electric appliances电器用具，facilities公用设备。equipment设备,装备，是集合名词，指“设备”的总称，只有当数形式。instrument仪器。 105. The _____ of the trees in the water was very clear. A. mirror B. sight C. reflection D. shadow [答案]C. reflection. [注释]reflection此处意为“映在水中的倒影”，而不是“影子”或“阴影”，故不能用shadow。其他选择均不合题意。106. One _____ needed when making a cake is flour; another is sugar. A. container B. ingredient C. content D. equivalent [答案]B. ingredient. [注释]ingredient(混合物的)成分。container容器，含量；内容（复数）。equivalent:相等物。 107. They have been waiting for many hours to see the singer, but the airplane must have been _____. A. behind the times B. behind schedule C. ahead of time D. in no time [答案]B. behind schedule. [注释]behind schedule(=late, behind time)晚点：The train is running behind schedule today.(=The train is not on time today.)behind the times(=using things not in style; still following old ways; old fashioned)过时，跟不上时代，落后：1)The