课时跟踪检测⑧(定语从句)
Ⅰ.单项填空
1．To my great surprise, yesterday, he asked me a few questions ________ there were no answers.
A．to which B．about which
C．in which D．on which
答案与解析：A句意：昨天，让我感到非常惊讶的是，他问了我一些根本没有答案的问题。“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句，其中的介词在本题中由answer与to搭配而定，故引导词用to which。
2．https://www.doczj.com/doc/7b12690838.html, is a free site, ________ visitors can not just purchase almost all kinds of products but open their own online shops.
A．whose B．which
C．what D．where
答案与解析：D句意：淘宝网是一个免费的网站，浏览的人不仅可以在上面买到各种各样的商品，还可以在上面开自己的网店。所选项引导非限制性定语从句修饰free site，并在从句中作状语，故用where。whose在从句中作定语；which在从句中不作状语；what不能引导定语从句。
3．The single most important factor ________ contributes to success is what you do every single day.
A．what B．which
C．/ D．that
答案与解析：D句意：促使成功的唯一的最重要的因素就是你每一天所做的事情。所选项引导定语从句修饰先行词factor，并在从句中作主语，所以用that且不能省略。what不能引导定语从句；which作主语时不能省略；先行词factor前有最高级(most important)修饰所以关系代词不能用which。
4．The course normally attracts 20 students per year, ________ up to half will be from overseas.
A．in which B．for whom
C．with which D．of whom
答案与解析：D句意：这门课程通常每年吸引二十名学生，其中一半都来自国外。先行词是students且“介词＋关系代词”表示“……中的一半”之意，所以选of whom。
5．—What do you know about WWF?
—WWF is an organization ________ aim is to protect wildlife.
C．who D．where
答案与解析：B句意：——关于世界野生动物基金会，你都知道什么？——世界野生动物基金会是一个旨在保护野生动物的组织。所选项引导定语从句修饰先行词an organization，且在从句中作定语修饰aim，故用whose。
6．One of the boys kept laughing, ________ annoyed Jane quite a lot.
A．which B．who
C．that D．what
答案与解析：A句意：其中一个男孩一直笑，这让简感到很恼火。非限制性定语从句缺少主语，且先行词是前面的整个句子，所以用which。who引导定语从句时，先行词是指人的名词或代词；that不引导非限制性定语从句；what不能引导定语从句。
7．Eventually everything ________ they had worried about happened.
A．which B．what
C．that D．when
答案与解析：C句意：最后他们担心的所有事情还是发生了。先行词是不定代词everything，且关系词在从句中作宾语，所以用that不用which。what不能引导定语从句；when在定语从句中作时间状语。
8．Safety in schools has been of great concern because of frequent reports about accidents ________ students got injured or killed while in school.
A．in which B．for which
C．which D．when
答案与解析：A句意：学校安全已成为备受关注的问题，因为关于学生在学校受伤或被杀的报道非常频繁。所选项引导定语从句修饰先行词accidents，表示“在事件中”介词用in，故选A。
9．Both the family and the society ________ exceptional children live are often the key to their growth and development.
A．which B．what
C．in which D．that
答案与解析：C句意：特殊儿童生活的家庭和社会环境是他们成长和发展的关键因素。所选项引导定语从句修饰先行词the family and the society，并在从句中作状语，故用in which，相当于where。which和that不在定语从句中作状语；what不引导定语从句。
10．I am very grateful to my high school teachers, without ________ help I wouldn't be so excellent.
A．whom B．them
答案与解析：D句意：我非常感激我的高中老师，没有他们的帮助我不会这么优秀。所选项引导非限制性定语从句修饰先行词high school teachers，并在从句中作help的定语，所以用whose。
11．________ is reported, a new town has been built on the ruins left by the big earthquake.
A．It B．As
C．Which D．This
答案与解析：B句意：正如报道的那样，一个新的小镇在地震后的废墟上建立起来了。所选项引导非限制性定语从句修饰后面整个主句，并在从句中作主语，所以选as。it和this 不能引导定语从句；which引导的非限制性定语从句不能放在句首。
12．In the future, ________ Google Inc. rules the entire universe, you won't necessarily have to type anything to do a search.
A. when
B. where
C. which
D. /
答案与解析：A分析句意和句子结构可知，此处为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词future，表示时间，故选A项。where指地点；关系词在从句中是作状语的，故排除which；逗号不能连接两个独立的分句，句中不能没有连接词，D项错误。
13．Tom did not take the camera away because it was just the same camera ________ he lost last week.
A．which B．that
C．whom D．as
答案与解析：D句意：汤姆没有带走这部相机，因为它只是有些像他上周丢的那部。the same...as表示“相似性”，而the same...that表示“同一性”。根据题意，此处表示相似性，故选D项。
14．Young people who have got jobs may realize university lessons can't be the only preparation for all of the situations ________ appear in the working world.
A．where B．when
C．that D．what
答案与解析：C句意：那些获得工作的年轻人可能意识到大学课程并不能为工作中出现的所有情况作准备。定语从句中缺少的是主语而不是状语，因此选择关系代词that。
15．To tell you the truth, the accident and the damage ________ resulted in frightened me so much that I almost gave up driving ever since.
A．it B．that
C．what D．which
答案与解析：A句意：说实话，那次事故以及它带来的伤害让我如此害怕以至于我从
那以后几乎再也不敢开车了。the damage是先行词，后面跟有定语从句，定语从句的引导词that或者which被省略了，而且定语从句缺少主语，故选it，指代the accident。
Ⅱ.阅读理解
A
On the whole, it's not something we parents shout about, but one in four of us does it. Hiring private tutors (指导教师) for our children is now widespread. And this year, as always, the Easter holidays will be peak time (高峰期) for tutor demand.
“My husband and I tried to tutor her at home, but we found all our knowledge was out of date. We also tried a group revision course but all the children were sitting exams for different boards (入学考试). On the whole, we think one-to-one tuition works best and it is worth the money，” says Ashan Sabri from London, whose daughter Zarren, 18, is having tuition in biology in preparation for A-levels this summer.
The real question is: does tutoring do any good?
“It's not the magic bullet，” says educator Judith Ireson. “It's still up to the child to do the learning. If he or she isn't interested, then sending them to a private tutor won't do any good.”
In this case, it's time to break open the Champagne (香槟酒)? “Not necessarily，”says Elaine Tyrrell, head of a private school.
“While we recommend private tutoring for children whose first language isn't English, we don't encourage it for the others，” says Tyrrell. “With the level of education they get here, children really ought to be able to pass the entrance exams. Besides, our biggest worry is that they might just get in with the help of last-minute tutoring, but once they get to that school, they won't be able to manage.”
It's a point really worth considering. After all, who would want his child to stay at the bottom of the class?
16. The passage is most probably written by ________.
A. a parent
B. a student
C. a famous educator
D. a headmaster of a private school
17. In Ashan Sabri's opinion, which method is most suitable for her daughter?
A. Teaching her at home by herself.
B. Taking different kinds of exams.
C. Taking part in group revision courses.
D. Hiring a private tutor to help her.
18. Elaine Tyrrell doesn't encourage parents to hire private tutors for their children mainly because ________.
A. children may not have the real ability to deal with their further studies
B. the education that children receive in class is enough for them
C. the quality of private tutoring may be poor
D. children may be misled by private tutors
19. What attitude does the author hold towards home tutoring?
A. Supportive.
B. Critical.
C. Uninterested.
D. Uncertain.
答案与解析：
本文主要谈论了“家长是否应该给孩子请家教”这一问题。
16．A细节理解题。根据第一段第一句中的“it's not something we parents shout about”可知，作者应该是一位家长，借助这篇文章发表关于给孩子请家教的看法。
17．D细节理解题。根据第二段可知，Ashan尝试过和丈夫在家辅导女儿的功课，但是发现他们的知识已经落伍；也曾尝试过复习班，但是却发现这种补习班只不过是让孩子参加各种考试，因此他们最终决定给女儿请一名家教。由此可知D项正确。“On the whole, we think one-to-one tuition works best”是关键信息。
18．A细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Besides, our biggest worry is that they might just get in... they won't be able to manage”可知，真正让Elaine担心的是：孩子只是通过最后的辅导勉强进入了某所学校，但真正在那个学校学习时，可能发现自己应付不了那里的学习任务。
19．D推理判断题。根据末段可知，作者认为Elaine Tyrrell所提到的给孩子请家教的负面影响值得家长认真考虑，这说明作者自己对于请私人家教是否合理也无确定的结论。
B
Do you ever find yourself getting really angry for almost no reason? Or suddenly feeling down without knowing why? Going from sadness to anger to joy in a matter of minutes can make many teens feel as though they're losing their control. But why is the feeling of being on an emotional roller coaster (急转突变) so common among teens?
Dealing with constant change and pressure is part of the answer. Maybe you're starting a new school and not able to see old friends as much. Getting good grades or wanting to be better in sports or other activities can be a concern for many teens. It might feel as though there just isn't enough time to do everything.
Being a teen means struggling with identity and self-image. Being accepted by friends feels extremely important. Teens also may notice, for the first time, a sense of distance from parents and family. You may feel you want to be on your own and make your own decisions, but it can also seem overwhelming (压倒的) and even a bit lonely at times. As fun and exciting as this time is, it also can be a time of confusion and conflict.
Another important cause for mood swings is biology. When puberty (青春期) begins,
the body starts producing sex hormones. These hormones cause physical changes in the body. But in some people, they also seem to cause emotional changes—the ups and downs that sometimes feel out of control.
Feeling irritable or short-tempered can be signs of depression. So can feelings of boredom or hopelessness. Many people think of depression as feeling sad, but depression can also bring feelings of moodiness, impatience, anger. When depression gets in the way of enjoying life or dealing with others, that's a sign you need to do something about it, like talking to a counselor or therapist (治疗专家) who can help you deal with it.
Here are some things you can do that might make those bad moods a bit easier to handle: recognize you're not alone, catch your breath, count to 10, talk to people you trust, exercise, cry or wait.
20. From the passage, we can infer that the teens' emotional changes are ________.
A. abnormal
B. reasonable
C. predictable
D. natural
21. How many reasons does the author refer to in the passage for children's emotional changes?
A. Two.
B. Three.
C. Four.
D. Five.
22. What does the passage mainly talk about?
A. Why people are in bad mood.
B. What the result of depression is.
C. Bad mood can cause bad effects.
D. It's important to be dependent.
23. What does the underlined word “irritable” in the fifth paragraph mean?
A. Upset.
B. Angry.
C. Unhappy.
D. Impatient.
答案与解析：
造成青少年情绪起伏变化的原因是多样的。本文通过剖析情绪低落的原因和后果，说明青少年有必要了解这方面的知识，以便更好地调节自己的情绪。
20．D推理判断题。由文章第一段的最后一句可知，情绪急转突变在青少年中是常见的，所以D项正确。
21．B细节理解题。根据文章第二、第三和第四段的第一句可知，造成青少年情绪变化的原因是：不断的变化及压力、身份和自我形象、生理变化。
22．A主旨大意题。文章第一段指出，人们都会莫名其妙地出现情绪波动的现象，后面各段是对这一现象的分析，由此可知A项最合适。
23．B词义猜测题。文章倒数第二段第一句中的short-tempered(脾气坏的；易怒的)与irritable是并列的关系，由此可知B是正确的。
Ⅲ.书面表达
假设你的英文名为Jack，是英国诺丁汉大学的中国留学生。负责为在该校就读的32名中国学生筹划圣诞节期间的苏格兰之行，为期7天，请你给诺丁汉的STA(Students' Travel Agency)经理Phil发一封电子邮件，联系有关事宜。要点如下：
1．希望能够派车接送；
2．需要一名说标准英语，并非常熟悉苏格兰的导游；
3．请求告知旅行路线及就餐、旅馆、费用等情况；
4．你的电话号码是077 47745007。
注意：词数120左右，开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。
参考词汇：旅馆住宿accommodation；
旅行路线itinerary; 长途客车coach
Hi, Phil，
I'd like you to organize a trip to Scotland for us.________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________
Yours Truly，
Jack 范文：
Hi,__Phil，
I'd__like__you__to__organize__a__trip__to__Scotland__for__us. I have here a group of 32 Chinese students studying in Nottingham University, who want to go on a seven-day tour during the Christmas days. I hope we can have a coach which will take us to Scotland and then bring us back to Nottingham. We also need a guide who speaks standard English and knows Scotland well.
I would be very grateful if you can work out an itinerary as soon as possible and tell me about our accommodation, meals as well as how much each of us has to pay. If you have any information, please either email me or call me at 077 47745007.
Looking forward to your early reply.
Yours__Truly，
Jack
课时跟踪检测(二十四) 正弦定理和余弦定理 1．在△ABC 中，a 、b 分别是角A 、B 所对的边，条件“a cos B ”成立的( ) A ．充分不必要条件 B ．必要不充分条件 C ．充要条件 D ．既不充分也不必要条件 2．(2019·惠州模拟)在△ABC 中，a ，b ，c 分别是角A ，B ，C 所对的边．若A ＝π3，b ＝ 1，△ABC 的面积为 3 2 ，则a 的值为( ) A ．1 B ．2 C.32 D. 3 3．(2019·“江南十校”联考)在△ABC 中，角A ，B ，C 所对的边分别为a ，b ，c ，已知a ＝23，c ＝22，1＋tan A tan B ＝2c b ，则C ＝( ) A ．30° B ．45° C ．45°或135° D ．60° 4．(2019·陕西高考)在△ABC 中 ，角A ，B ，C 所对边的长分别为a ，b ，c ，若a 2＋b 2 ＝2c 2，则cos C 的最小值为( ) A.3 2 B. 22 C.12 D ．－1 2 5．(2019·上海高考)在△ABC 中，若sin 2 A ＋sin 2B 课时跟踪检测(十二)半张纸 (时间：40分钟，满分：56分) 一、基础巩固(12分，每小题3分) 1．下列加点字注音完全无误的一项是() A．嘀．咕(dī)徘徊．(huái) 遗．漏(yí) 间．谍(jiàn) B．腼腆．(diǎn) 诽谤．(bàng) 溺．死(nì) 和蔼．(ǎi) C．焦虑．(lǜ) 脚踝．(guǒ) 载．重(zài) 骄．傲(jiāo) D．装饰．(shì) 赐．予(cì) 曾．经(céng) 潦．草(liáo) 解析：选D A项，“嘀”读dí；B项，“腆”读tiǎn；C项，“踝”读huái。 2．下列词语中，全都没有错别字的一项是() A．寓所起居罗曼史飞黄滕达 B．辩认沉醉家俱行垂头丧气 C．倒闭附录歌剧院过眼烟云 D．订婚部置壁炉架容华富贵 解析：选C A项，滕—腾；B项，辩—辨，俱—具；D项，部—布，容—荣。 3．下列各句中，没有语病、句意明确的一句是() A．2014年我国开始启动考试招生制度改革试点方案，到2020年将形成分类考试、综合评价、多元录取的考试招生模式。 B．专家认为，2014年8月份新增贷款低于市场预期，经济下行压力和房地产政策调整是有效贷款需求下降的主要原因。 C．随着社会竞争和生活压力的不断增大，以休闲、娱乐为目的旅游成为人们日常生活的重要组成部分，休闲旅游业具有广阔的发展前景。 D．“21世纪课堂评价”是英特尔未来教育专题课程之一，其在具体的教学评价实践中是否能够实现是广大教师所期待的。 解析：选B A项，成分赘余，“开始”“启动”语义有重复。C项，成分残缺。可在“竞争”后加“的激烈”。D项，“是否”和“期待”两面对一面。 4．(广东高考)把下列句子组成语意连贯的语段，排序最恰当的一项是() ①然而，我们的大脑对音乐的感知却不是这样。 ②所以要有交响乐，也正是这样的“和声”才使得我们这个世界充满趣味。③例如管弦乐的合奏，音波虽然混合，但是管乐声和弦乐声仍然保持各自的特点。④物理学家们长期热衷于研究的现象都是整体等于所有部分的加合，声音就是这样的。⑤整体可以大于部分之和，这一事实现在对大多数人来说已 课时跟踪检测(四) Project Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．A kingdom (王国) is a country that is ruled by a king or a queen. 2．Though they came from different places, they live in perfect harmony (融洽)． 3．“Of course I don't mind，” she answered mildly (温和地)． 4．They have officially (正式地) announced their engagement. 5．They are surrounded (环绕) with dangers. 6．The article accurately reflects (反映) public opinions. Ⅱ.单句改错 1．His parents died, left him an orphan.left→leaving 2．How many members have official registered in the club？official→officially 3．When her son finally left home, Emily felt completely at loss.at后加a 4．He works at perfect harmony with his colleagues.at→in 5．I have such little interest in English that I almost have to give it up.such→so 6．Being surrounded by big mountains, the village is almost unknown to people outside.去掉Being Ⅲ.句型转换 1．He always thinks of me as a fool. →He always considers me to be a fool. 2．He ran so fast that I could hardly keep pace with him. →So fast did he run that I could hardly keep pace with him. 3．I hope that you will live harmoniously with your new neighbors. →I hope that you will live in harmony with your new neighbors. 4．A group of soldiers in rags were marching in the depth of the forest. →Marching in the depth of the forest were a group of soldiers in rags. 5．The beautiful sunrise on the top of Mount Tai left us speechless. →The beautiful sunrise on the top of Mount Tai left us at a loss for words. Ⅳ.完形填空 Half a year before graduation from college, my son began to seek a job. __1__ the financial crisis, fewer companies would like to __2__ new staff. My son targeted a company that was __3__ to hire only one person __4__ there were more than twenty people filling their resumes. After the interview, there would only be 3 who could enter the final round, which would later __5__ one person to be employed. Everything seemed to go quite __6__ and my son passed the first round and entered the final round in a week. On the day of the final interview, my son and the other two __7__ arrived at the interview 课时跟踪检测（二十四）语言表达的简明、得体 1．阅读下面两段文字，回答后面的问题。(6分) (一)如今，许多外国人非常 ．．①热衷于．②学习中文，有些还要学习使用筷子。他们把筷子 称之．③为东方饮食文化的象征。中国人对于筷子来说 ．．④是．⑤再熟悉不过了，但其背后的文 化却未必人人清楚。筷子的历史起码 ．．⑥有三千多年，其名称源自于．⑦江南水乡，筷子最早的名称为“箸”，但古代水乡船家忌讳言“住”，希望快快行船，故改“箸”为“筷”，并沿用至今。 (二)筷子有诸多美好寓意。民间吉祥话，说“筷子筷子，快快生子”；筷子送恋人，寓意“”；筷子送朋友，意味着“平等友爱，和睦同心”。使用筷子也有一些禁忌。如“执箸巡城”(满桌巡视，随意翻拣)，“”(吮嘬筷子，品咂有声)，“泪箸遗珠”(夹菜带汤，沿途淋漓)，等等。 (1)文段(一)中有些加点的词语必须删去，请将其序号写在下面的横线上。(2分) 答： (2)在文段(二)中的横线处填写恰当的语句，使上下文内容相关、句式一致。(4分) 答： 答案：(1)①③④⑦(2)成双成对，永不分离品箸留声 2．阅读下面一段话，本着文字简明的原则，完成文后两题。(把序号填在横线处)(4分) 深圳南方公司，①在改革开放形势的推动下，②为了避免对来深圳南方公司应聘的人以是否名牌大学毕业而选择录用的先入为主的弊端，以聚集人才，③今年招聘大学毕业生，不再问毕业学校。他们认为，④任何一个一流企业如果不注重选拔人才注入新鲜血液，⑤如果仅凭是否名牌大学选择人才的话，将很难发展。 (1)应删去的两处语句是(写画线处的序号)。 (2)应简略的一处语句是(写画线处的序号)，可简略为。 解析：本段文字主要介绍深圳南方公司用人的新理念，①是介绍时代背景，与选拔人才没有必然关系，应删去；④说的是“任何一个一流企业如果不注重选拔人才”，这与本公司用人的新理念没有关系，所以是多余的。②句冗长难以理解，应予以删减压缩。 答案：(1)①④(2)②为了避免先入为主的弊端 3．为使下面的语段简明顺畅，请指出必须改动和删掉的词语。(只填写应删词语的序号)(4分) 2018～2019年度，我校将扩大招生规模 ①，由原来的22个教学班级 ② 增加到28个。由于 我校教室本已十分 ③严重 ④ 不足，因此亟须新建教室。现在，虽然我们已多方进行 ⑤ 筹措，但经 课时跟踪检测（十八）语句补写 1．在下面一段文字横线处补写恰当的语句，使整段文字语意完整连贯，内容贴切，逻辑严密。每处不超过15个字。 湿地可作为直接利用的水源，可有效补充地下水，还能有效控制洪水和防止土壤沙化，滞留沉积物、有毒物、营养物质，从而__①__；湿地还是众多植物、动物特别是水禽生长的乐园，同时，又为人类提供食物、能源和原材料，因此，湿地是人类__②__。我国湿地生态环境十分脆弱，当今中国，庞大的人口数量、快速的经济增长、有限的土地资源，使得湿地保护面临着严峻的挑战。我们要从人类生存和发展的角度认识其重要意义，即__③__。 答：① ② ③ 解析：第一空由前文的“有效……还能有效……”可得出在改善环境污染方面的作用；第二空由上文“还是……又为人类……”可知，湿地是人类赖以生存和发展的基础；第三空由前文可知，此处应从保护湿地与人类的关系角度组织答案。 答案:①改善环境污染②赖以生存和发展的基础③保护湿地就是保护我们人类自己2．在下面一段文字横线处补写恰当的语句，使整段文字语意完整连贯，内容贴切，逻辑严密。每处不超过15个字。 华罗庚曾经说过，读书的真功夫在于“既能把薄的书读成厚的，又能把厚的书读成薄的”，这番对读书的独到见解，耐人寻味。从取向上说，__①__，“读厚”则偏重于求宽度。从方法上说，“读薄”需要开掘、“蒸馏”，__②__。深入了解一个民族的重要途径，就是在把书“读薄”的同时，把书“读厚”。读书是一门学问、一门艺术，其真谛和要义唯在于：__③__。如此循环往复，则境界全出。 答：① ② ③ 解析：解答本题要联系前后文内容作答。第一处结合后文内容：“读厚”则偏重于求宽度。“读厚”对“读薄”，“宽度”对“深度”。第二处结合前文内容：“读薄”需要开掘、“蒸馏”。“读薄”对“读厚”，开掘、“蒸馏”对拓展、杂糅。第三处结合前后文内容，“既能把薄的书读成厚的，又能把厚的书读成薄的”，如此循环往复。所以应是由“薄”而“厚”，再由“厚”而“薄”。 答案：①“读薄”偏重于求深度②“读厚”则需要拓展、杂糅③由“薄”而“厚”， 课时跟踪检测(十二)Healthy eating Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．Jane has lost weight by going on diet and taking exercise every day. 2．Nowadays more and more people have come to realize the importance of a (balance) diet to their health. 3．Those who enjoy eating wild animals say that they not only enjoy the taste but also want to satisfy their (curious)． 4．(benefit) from his advice, we all realized that it was wise to ask him for help in time of trouble. 5．Bill’s heavily debt at the moment, but hopes to pay it off when he gets paid. 6．Admitting you’ve made a mistake is a sign of (strong), not (weak)． 7．I came to consult you the side-effect of this medicine. 8．If your knowledge can (combine) with my experience, we’re sure to succeed. 9．There is a limit one’s life, but no limit to (serve) the people. 10．They just stood there (glare) at each other and saying nothing. Ⅱ.完成句子 1．(与……联合) a foreign firm, their company is most likely to become stronger. 2．How dirty the floor is! You should (叫人拖一下地) at least twice a day. 3．Why should we (让这个男孩一直站着) in the corner the whole morning? 4．While prices are rising so fast, many people are working out ways (削减费用)． 5．You (本来没必要减肥的) because you are not fat at all. 6．There is little time left, so the chairman asked me (把我的演讲限制在) 20 minutes. 7．The survivors (躺在沙滩上), exhausted and shocked. 8．If you don’t feel well, remember (咨询医生) before taking any medicine. 9．When I (节食), I eat only cucumbers, and that reduces my weight quickly. Unit 2 Robots Learning about Language Using Language Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．It was an absurd arrangement, bound to_lead (lead) to catastrophe. 2．She is junior to me but she looks mature. 3．The young man has a talent for management, so you can rely on him to do the work perfectly. 4．I don't know when they got divorced (divorce)． 5．Try to set aside some money each month for future use. Ⅱ.完成句子 1．如果这样的话，你的观点一定会和他的起冲突。 If so, your points of view are_bound_to conflict with his. 2．小时候，她写了很多优秀的诗歌，显示出了文学天赋。 She wrote many excellent poems at an early age, showing_a_talent_for literature. 3．为了身体健康，我们应该留出一些时间锻炼身体。 For the benefit of our health, we should_set_aside_some_time to take exercise. 4．童年的一切一下子涌入我的大脑，仿佛它们刚刚发生似的。 Everything in my childhood crowed upon my mind as_if_they_had_just_happened. 5．汤姆变成了法官，然而他依然是个渔夫。 Tom became a judge while_he_remained_a_fisherman. Ⅲ.完形填空 A library is a place to find out about almost anything. In it there are mostly __1__， but there are also pictures, papers, magazines, maps, records, special science and art shows, films, plays, and contests may also be __2__ in a library. __3__， a library only had books, and these were difficult to get. There were __4__ books that no one was __5__ to take them out of the library. After the printing machine was invented, books could be made __6__ and libraries got more books. To borrow a book to be __7__ home today, a person just needs a library card. The person goes to the main desk to __8__ a library helper check the book out. The helper prints the card with the date by which the book __9__ be returned to the library. If the book is returned __10__， the person must usually __11__ money for having broken the __12__. 课时跟踪检测（二十三）电场能的性质 [A级——基础小题练熟练快] 1．(2019·湖北八校联考)下列说法正确的是() A．带电粒子仅在电场力的作用下一定做匀变速运动 B．带电粒子仅在电场力的作用下运动时，动能一定增加 C．电场力做正功，带电粒子的电势一定降低 D．电场力做正功，带电粒子的电势能一定减少 解析：选D只有电场是匀强电场时，带电粒子仅在电场力的作用下做匀变速运动，A 错误；如果电场力做负功，则动能减小，B错误；电场力做正功，电势能一定减小，负电荷从低电势向高电势运动，故C错误，D正确。 2.(2020·山东济南模拟)如图所示，等量异种点电荷P、Q连线中点 处有一电子，在外力F作用下处于静止状态。现让电荷Q沿连线向右 移动一小段距离，此过程中电子一直处于静止状态。下列说法正确的是() A．外力F逐渐减小，电子的电势能逐渐增大 B．外力F逐渐增大，电子的电势能逐渐增大 C．外力F逐渐增大，电子的电势能逐渐减小 D．外力F逐渐减小，电子的电势能逐渐减小 解析：选D由题意可知，外力F向右，则电场力向左，可知P带正电，Q带负电；当电荷Q沿连线向右移动一小段距离时，电子所在的位置场强减小，电势升高，则电子受的电场力减小，外力F逐渐减小，电子的电势能降低，故选项D正确，A、B、C错误。 3.(2019·浙江东阳中学模拟)如图所示，MN是由一个正点电荷Q产生的 电场中的一条电场线，一个带正电的粒子＋q飞入电场后，在电场力的作用 下沿一条曲线运动，先后通过a、b两点，不计粒子的重力，则() A．粒子在a点的加速度小于在b点的加速度 B．a点电势φa小于b点电势φb C．粒子在a点的动能E k a小于在b点的动能E k b D．粒子在a点的电势能E p a小于在b点的电势能E p b 解析：选C由题图可知粒子受力应向左方，因粒子带正电，故电场线的方向应向左，故正点电荷Q应在N一侧，故a处的场强大于b处的场强，故粒子在a处的电场力大于b 课时跟踪检测（三十八） 空间几何体及表面积与体积 [A 级 保分题——准做快做达标] 1.关于空间几何体的结构特征，下列说法中不正确的是( ) A ．棱柱的侧棱长都相等 B ．棱锥的侧棱长都相等 C ．三棱台的上、下底面是相似三角形 D ．有的棱台的侧棱长都相等 解析：选B 根据棱锥的结构特征知，棱锥的侧棱长不一定都相等． 2．一个球的表面积为16π，那么这个球的体积为( ) A. 16 3 π B.323 π C ．16π D ．24π 解析：选B 设球的半径为R ，则由4πR 2 ＝16π，解得R ＝2，所以这个球的体积为43πR 3＝323 π. 3．如图所示，等腰△A ′B ′C ′是△ABC 的直观图，那么△ABC 是( ) A ．等腰三角形 B ．直角三角形 C ．等腰直角三角形 D ．钝角三角形 解析：选B 由题图知A ′C ′∥y ′轴，A ′B ′∥x ′轴，由斜二测画法知，在△ABC 中， AC ∥y 轴，AB ∥x 轴，∴AC ⊥AB .又因为A ′C ′＝A ′B ′，∴AC ＝2AB ≠AB ，∴△ABC 是直角 三角形． 4．下列说法中正确的是( ) A ．各个面都是三角形的几何体是三棱锥 B ．以三角形的一条边所在直线为旋转轴，其余两边旋转形成的曲面所围成的几何体叫圆锥 C ．棱锥的侧棱长与底面多边形的边长相等，则该棱锥可能是六棱锥 D ．圆锥的顶点与底面圆周上的任一点的连线都是母线 解析：选D 当一个几何体由具有相同的底面且顶点在底面两侧的两个三棱锥构成时，尽管各面都是三角形，但它不是三棱锥，故A 错误；若三角形不是直角三角形或是直角三角形但旋转轴不是直角边所在直线，所得几何体就不是圆锥，故B 错误；若六棱锥的所有棱都 课时跟踪检测（十二） 函数与方程 [A 级 保分题——准做快做达标] 1．(2019·重庆一中期中)函数f (x )＝e x ＋x －3在区间(0,1)上的零点个数是( ) A ．0 B ．1 C ．2 D ．3 解析：选B 由题知函数f (x )是增函数．根据函数的零点存在性定理及f (0)＝－2，f (1)＝e －2>0，可知函数f (x )在区间(0,1)上有且只有一个零点，故选B. 2．函数f (x )＝x cos x 2在区间[0,4]上的零点个数为( ) A ．4 B ．5 C ．6 D ．7 解析：选C ∵x ∈[0,4]，∴x 2∈[0,16]，当x 2＝0，π2，3π2，5π2，7π2，9π 2时f (x )＝0都 成立．∴f (x )的零点个数为6.故选C. 3．(2019·江西三校联考)设函数y ＝log 2x －1与y ＝22 －x 的图象的交点为(x 0，y 0)，则x 0 所在的区间是( ) A ．(0,1) B ．(1,2) C ．(2,3) D ．(3,4) 解析：选C 令函数f (x )＝log 2x －1－22－ x ，则f (2)＝－1，f (3)＝log 23－32＝log 23－ log 2(8)>0，因为f (2)f (3)<0，所以函数f (x )在(2,3)上必有零点．又易知函数f (x )为增函数，所以f (x )在(2,3)上有且只有一个零点，所以x 0∈(2,3)，故选C. 4．(2019·福州期末质检)已知函数f (x )＝???? ? x 2－2x ，x ≤0，1＋1x ，x >0，则函数y ＝f (x )＋3x 的零点 个数是( ) A ．0 B ．1 C ．2 D ．3 解析：选C 根据题意，令x 2－2x ＋3x ＝0，解得x 1＝0，x 2＝－1，即当x ≤0时函数有两个零点；又当x >0时，1＋1 x ＋3x ＝0无解．故函数只有两个零点．故选C. 5．已知函数f (x )＝|x －2|＋1，g (x )＝kx .若方程f (x )＝g (x )有两个不相等的实根，则实数k 的取值范围是( ) A.????0，12 B.????1 2，1 C ．(1,2) D ．(2，＋∞) 课时跟踪检测(四)安东诺夫卡苹果 (时间：40分钟满分：55分) 一、基础巩固(12分，每小题3分) 1．下列各句中，加点成语使用正确的一项是() A．在希腊古奥林匹克遗址，最高女祭司娜芙普利都点燃了奥运圣火，她神情庄重颐指 ．． 气使 ．．地将火炬传递给了第一火炬手亚历山大。 B．中央电视台播出的纪录片《舌尖上的中国》，美轮美奂 ．．．．地展示了中国各地的美食生态和丰富多彩的饮食文化。 C．扬州市推广使用电子书以后，学生们摆脱了卷帙浩繁 ．．．．的纸质教材、参考书，书包的重量减轻了不少。 D．水乳交融的艺术表达中，寓含许多可感知的和不可名状 ．．．．的东西，它们游弋于水与墨、意与情中，体现着山水之莽苍，阐释东方文化所独有的审美观。 解析：选D A项，不合语境。颐指气使：不说话而用面部表情或口鼻出气发声来示意，指有权势的人随意支使人的傲慢神气。B项，此处使用对象不当。美轮美奂：形容房屋高大华丽。C项，不合语境。卷帙浩繁：形容书籍很多或一部书的部头很大。D项，不可名状：无法用语言来形容。使用正确。 2．下列各句中，没有语病的一句是() A．长征系列运载火箭是一个能力强大的火箭家族，不仅能满足部分国外用户的需求，更服务于国民经济建设，在世界上也是可以引以为傲的。 B．本地的海南鸡饭摊主手持锋利的菜刀，在圆木砧板上将香滑滴油的白鸡干净利落地斩开，排列在白饭上，真是垂涎欲滴。 C．从网帖描述来看，该员工此前的岗位职责主要是接收客户投诉和解决客户问题，这需要具有一定的心理适应和自我调整能力。 D．作为中国的建筑师，竟然读不懂自己祖先所写的建筑专书，这让梁思成无法忍受，立志回国终身从事中国传统建筑的研究。 解析：选C A项，语序不当，应将“能满足部分国外用户的需求”与“服务于国民经济建设”互换位置。B项，成分残缺，“垂涎欲滴”的主语是“人”，应在“垂涎欲滴”前加上“让人”。D项，偷换主语，“立志”前应加上“他”。 3．下列各句中，表达得体的一句是() A．对于即将到来的高考新政，李老师等三人经过认真调查研究，撰写了一份高质量调 课时跟踪检测 （二十） 指 数 层级(一) “四基”落实练 1．计算： －x 3＝( ) A ．x －x B ．－x x C ．－x －x D ．x x 解析：选C 由已知，得－x 3≥0，所以x ≤0，所以－x 3＝ (－x )·x 2＝ －x ·x 2＝ －x ·|x |＝－x －x ，选C. 2．设2a ＝5b ＝m ，且1a ＋1 b ＝2，则m 等于( ) A.10 B ．10 C ．20 D ．100 解析：选A ∵2a ＝m,5b ＝m ，∴2＝m 1a ，5＝m 1b ，∵2×5＝m 1a ·m 1b ＝m 1a ＋1b ，∴m 2＝10，∴m ＝10.故选A. 3．已知a ＞0，将 a 2a ·3 a 2 表示成分数指数幂，其结果是( ) A ．a 12 B ．a 56 C ．a 7 6 D ．a 3 2 解析：选C a 2 a ·3 a 2 ＝a 2÷23·a a ?? ???1 2＝a 526 －＝a 76，故选C. 4．计算(2n ＋1)2·??? ?122n ＋14n ·8 －2 (n ∈N *)的结果为( ) A.1 6 4 B ．22n ＋ 5 C ．2n 2－2n ＋6 D ．????122n － 7 解析：选D 原式＝22n ＋2·2－2n －1(22)n ·(23)－2＝21 22n －6＝27－2n ＝????122n －7. 5．(多选)下列式子中，正确的是( ) A ．(27a 3) 1 3 ÷0.3a － 1＝10a 2 B.2233a b ?? ???－÷1133a b ?? ??? ＋＝a 13 －b 1 3 C.[]()22＋32(22－3)2 1 2 ＝－1 D.4 a 3 a 2a ＝24 a 11 解析：选ABD 对于 A ，原式＝3a ÷0.3a －1＝ 3a 2 0.3 ＝10a 2，A 正确；对于B ，原式＝1111 3333113 3 a b a b a b ???? ???????－＋＋＝a 13－b 13，B 正确；对于C ，原式＝[(3＋22)2(3－22)2] 12＝(3＋ 22)(3－22)＝1.这里注意3＞22，a 12 (a ≥0)是正数，C 错误；对于D ，原式＝ ＝ a 1124 ＝ 24 a 11，D 正确． 6．使等式 (x －2)(x 2－4)＝(x －2)x ＋2成立的x 的取值范围为________． 解析：若要等式成立．需满足x ≥2. 答案：[2，＋∞) 7．计算：(0.008 1) 14 －－????3×????560×130.2527818? ????? ????? ?? －－＋1 2 － －10×(0.027) 13 ＝ ________. 解析：原式＝103－3×????13＋231 2－－3＝－83. 答案：－8 3 8．若a ＝2，b ＞0，则 12 2 12 a b a a b ＋＋(a 12 －b 13 － )(a ＋a 12 b 13 － ＋b 23 － )的值为________． 解析：原式＝a 3 2 ＋b －1＋12a ?? ???3－13b ?? ??? －3＝a 32＋b －1＋a 32－b －1＝2a 32＝2×232＝4 2. 答案：4 2 9．计算下列各式： (1)(－x 13 y 13 －)(3x 12 － y 23)(－2x 16y 23 )； 课时跟踪检测 （三十三） 三角函数的概念 层级(一) “四基”落实练 1．sin 780°的值为( ) A ．－ 3 2 B ． 32 C ．－12 D ．12 解析：选B sin 780°＝sin(2×360°＋60°)＝sin 60°＝ 32 . 2．若45°角的终边上有一点(4－a ，a ＋1)，则a ＝( ) A ．3 B ．－32 C ．1 D ．32 解析：选D ∵tan 45°＝a ＋14－a ＝1，∴a ＝32. 3．已知角α的终边经过点(－5，m )(m ≠0)，且sin α＝2 5m ，则cos α的值为( ) A ．－55 B ．－ 510 C ．－25 5 D ．±255 解析：选C 已知角α终边上一点P (－5，m )(m ≠0)，且sin α＝2 5m ＝ m 5＋m 2 ，∴m 2 ＝54 ， ∴cos α＝ －5 5＋5 4 ＝－255. 4．已知角α的终边经过点(3a －9，a ＋2)，且cos α≤0，sin α>0，则实数a 的取值范围是( ) A ．(－2,3] B ．(－2,3) C ．[－2,3) D ．[－2,3] 解析：选A 由cos α≤0，sin α>0可知，角α的终边落在第二象限内或y 轴的正半轴人教版高中语文(外国小说欣赏)课时跟踪检测(十二)_半张纸(有答案)(精校版)
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