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英语语法非谓语动词归纳总结

英语语法非谓语动词归纳总结
英语语法非谓语动词归纳总结

英语语法非谓语动词归纳总结

一、单项选择非谓语动词

1.He got up late and hurried to his office, _______ the breakfast untouched.

A.left B.to leave

C.leaving D.having left

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意:他起晚了,没有吃早饭就匆忙赶往办公室。he与leave是主谓关系,即他让......处于某种状态,应该用现在分词表伴随状况,排除A、B;“hurried”和“leaving”两个动作是同时发生的,当两个动作有时间先后关系时,需要使用现在分词的完成式,排除D;leave the breakfast untouched没有动早餐,故选C。

2.Several years ago they found in England a tomb of a man ____ from around 2,300 B.C.A.dated B.dating C.dates D.to date

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意:几年前,他们在英格兰发现了一个可追溯至公元前2300年左右的男子坟墓。date from表示“追溯到(某一时期),始于(某一时期)”,a tomb of a man(男子的坟墓)与date from之间为主动关系,应使用现在分词短语作后置定语,若用句子表示二者之间的关系,可以说成A tomb of a man dates from around 2,300 B.C.故选B。

3.The press should expand its influence in international public opinion to make China’s voice better ______ in the world.

A.hearing B.to be heard

C.hear D.heard

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意:新闻应该扩大其在国际舆论中的影响力,使中国的声音更好地在世界上被听到。“中国的声音”与“听到”之间是被动关系,用make sth. done结构,故选D。

4.______ that she was going off to sleep, I asked if she’d like that little doll on her bed. A.Seeing B.To see C.See D.Seen

【答案】A

【解析】

考查非谓语动词的用法。本句的主语是 I,I 与 See 的意义的逻辑关系是主动,也就是

Seeing 才能表示主语与非谓语的“主动”的逻辑关系。

5.______in painting, John didn’t notice evening approaching.

A.To absorb B.To be absorbed

C.Absorbed D.Absorbing

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意:全神贯注于绘画中,约翰没有注意到晚上到了。短语be absorbed in全神贯注于,在句中作状语,省略be动词,故选C。

【点睛】

本题考查的非谓语动词为高中重点语法之一。在分析题目的时候,首先要抓住非谓语动词所对应的逻辑主语,确定逻辑主语之后,再分析非谓语动词和逻辑主语在搭配使用时是主动还是被动关系,最后根据句意选择正确的答案。

6._____________in the poorest area of Glasgow, he had a long, hard road to becoming a football star.

A.Being raised B.Raising

C.Raised D.To raise

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析:句意:他在格拉斯哥最穷的地方长大,要想成为足球明星还有很长的路要走。根据句意可知raise这个动词的主语是he,他在这个地方长大,两者之间是主谓关系,故选C项。

考点:考查非谓语谓语动词。

【名师点睛】本题在考查非谓语动词,题目难度中等,从选项看,不定式:表示目的和将来;动词的ing:表示主动和进行;过去分词:表示被动和完成。从句子结构判断,两个句子是否共用一个主语,主语与第一个动词之间是主谓关系还是动宾关系,再者还要注意判断时间关系,从而得出答案来。

7.________ at the cafeteria before, Tina didn't want to eat there again.

A.Having eaten B.To eat

C.Eat D.Eating

【答案】A

【解析】

试题分析:分析句子结构可知,主句主语为Tina,前半句为从句,应该用非谓语动词作状语,故排除C。不定与主要表目的和将来,故排除B。主句主语和eat之间为主动关系,且

eat这个动作发生在主句动作之前,故要用现在分词完成时表示。故选A。

考点:考查非谓语动词作状语

8.________ the convenience of digital payment, many senior citizens started to use smart phones.

A.To enjoy B.Enjoying C.To have enjoyed D.Enjoy

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意:为了享受数字支付的方便,很多老年市民开始使用智能手机。此处用不定式表目的,故选A。

9. Hours of playing violent video games can affect the way the brain works, ______ damage to certain cells of brain.

A.to cause B.cause C.causing D.caused

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析:考查非谓语动词。causing 现在分词作结果状语。句意:连续几个小时打暴力的电子游戏会影响大脑的工作方式,危害大脑细胞并减慢大脑的活动。故C正确。

考点:考查非谓语动词

10.More highways have been built in China, _____ it much easier for people to travel from one place to another.

A.making B.made C.to make D.having made

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意:中国修建了越来越多的高速公路,人们更加方便从一个地点到另外一个地点。空格后面是it,说明是主动关系,排除B;不能选择C的原因是to do作目的状语,不符合句意;根据句意可知,此处是现在分词做结果状语。故选A。

11.________ the program, they have to stay there for another two weeks.

A.Not completing B.Not completed

C.Not having completed D.Having not completed

【答案】C

【解析】

试题分析:考查现在分词的完成式做状语,因为他们是先没有完成任务,然后不得不在这儿再待两个星期。表示从句的动作先于主句的动作,要用现在分词的完成式,否定式是:not having done。选C。

考点:考查现在分词的完成式做状语,

点评:分词做状语的时候,如果动词与名词构成主动关系,就使用现在分词的形式;如果二者构成被动关系就使用过去分词的形式。如果从句的动作先于主句的动作,要用现在分词的完成式

12.Students surf the internet _______ more information about the university they are dreamt of.

A.found B.finding

C.having found D.to find

【答案】D

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:学生们上网是为了找到他们理想大学的更多的信息。此处表示目的用不定式,指上网的目的。故选D。

13.______ the pictures on the screen more clearly, they moved to the front row.

A.To watch B.Watching

C.Watched D.Having watched

【答案】A

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:为了更清楚的看屏幕上的图片,他们移到了前排。表示目的用不定式,故选A。

14.New York is the fashion capital of the world, says a new study on Feb 4. 2014 by the Global Language Monitor (GLM), Pairs ____ second, with Shanghai ______10th while Hongkong 20th. A.coming, ranks B.come, ranked C.comes, ranking D.coming, ranking

【答案】D

【解析】D考查非谓语动词。句意:2月4日的一项新研究表明,纽约是世界的时尚之都。2014年全球语言监测机构(GLM)排名第二,上海排名第10,香港排名第20。Come和Pair是主动关系用动词ing形式,rank与Shanghai是主动关系,用动词ing形式,故选D。

15.In response to the citizens’ concern, the g overnment claimed ______ measures to attend to the increasingly serious smog in the past two months.

A.taking B.to take

C.having taken D.to have taken

【答案】D

【解析】

【详解】

考查固定结构。句意:为了回应市民的担忧,政府声称在过去的两个月里已经采取措施来应对日益严重的雾霾。claim to do声称,该用法是固定用法,“过去的动作或状态持续到现在并且已经完成”用现在完成时,故选D。

16.---_________ makes your son feel blue today?

---_________ to watch his favourite cartoon Paw Patrol.

A.What it is that; To be forbidden B.What is that; Forbidden

C.What is it that; Being forbidden D.That is what; Having forbidden

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查强调句型和非谓语动词。句意:——是什么让你儿子今天心情不好?——不让他看他最喜欢的卡通《狗狗巡逻队》。分析句子结构可知,第一空为强调句型的特殊疑问句,即:疑问词What+ it is+ that+其余部分;第二空为非谓语动词,作主语用动名词,且son与forbide之间是被动关系,所以用Being forbidden,故C项正确。

【点睛】

注意强调句型的特殊疑问句形式为:疑问词+ it is+ that+其余部分,根据句意“是什么让你儿子今天心情不好?”判断疑问词用what,即:What is it that makes your son feel blue today?

17.Due to the present school shootings, the only way the president could imagine ________ such tragedies was to ban guns across the US.

A.to prevent B.preventing C.prevented D.having prevented 【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意:鉴于目前的校园枪击事件,总统所能想到的防止此类悲剧发生的唯一方法就是在全美禁止枪支。此处修饰the only way需用不定式做后置定语,短语the only way to do sth.表示“做某事的唯一方法”。故选A。

18.Mrs. White showed her students some old maps ________ from the library

A.to borrow B.borrowed C.to be borrowed D.borrowing

【答案】B

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意:怀特抬头给学生看一些从图书馆借来的旧地图。分析句子可知,这里需要非谓语动词修饰maps,因为maps和borrow是被动关系吗,所以用过去分词做定语,故选B。

19.____,the student insists that he be separated from his desk-mate,who is naughty.

A.To avoid being affected B.To avoid to be affected

C.Avoiding being affected D.Avoiding to be affected

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意:为了避免受到影响,这些学生坚持要求他应该和他同桌分开,(因为)他同桌非常的淘气。固定短语avoid doing sth“避免做某事”,如果为被动,则为avoid being done,由此排除B、D;从句意来看,逗号前面部分应该是目的状语。而放句首的目的状语一般就是不定式,而不是现在分词。由此排除C,故选A。

【点睛】

avoid是高中要求四会的词,考生必须记牢它的用法,此题是综合考查题,既考查了非谓语动词的用法同时又考了avoid的用法,这是高考命题的趋势。

insist的宾语从句的用法一般分为两种情况:

1)如果insist翻译为“坚持说/坚持认为”,且宾语从句的动作为已经发生的情况,此时宾语从句采用正常的陈述语气。

如:He insisted that he was right. 他坚持说/认为他是对的。

2)如果insist翻译为“坚决主张/要求”,即宾语从句的动作当时尚未发生,此时宾语从句必须采用虚拟语气,构成为从句谓语动词用“(should) + 动词原形”,其中should可以省略。如:He insisted that he (should) be praised for what he had done.

3)此题中的insist所引导的宾语从句采用了虚拟语气,即he be separated... = he should be separated...

20.When Peter speaks in public, he always has trouble _ the right things to say. A.thinking of B.to think of C.thought of D.think of

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意:当Peter在公众场合说话的时候,他总是很难想到合适的说话的内容。have trouble(in) doing sth 做某事有困难。故选A项。

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