Grammar 主语从句导学案
学习目标
Knowledge aims: Learn the Subject Clause and how to use the Subject Clause
Ability aims: Be able to use the Subject Clause correctly.
重点难点
Master how to use “who(ever), whom, which, what(ever) , that, when, where, when, why,”
考点一主语从句的连接词
做一做划出主语从句并翻译整句话（1—5 ）
1.That he will come to the meeting excites all of us.
2. Whether the work can be completed on time is doubtful.
3. It is not clear whether she likes the present.
4. What surprised me most was that the girl could play so well.
5. How she was successful was still a puzzle.
6. ____________ (他为什么不愿去那儿) is clear.
7. It’s uncertain ______________(这个实验是否值得做).
8. ______________(他赢得了比赛) made us happy.
总结：
考点二几组易混连接词的区别
1. that / what
做一做：用适当的连词填空①__________ he wants is a book. ②________ light travels in straight line is known to all.
③______ we can’t get seems better than ____ we have.
总结：that ______________________________________ what _____________________________________ 2. what / which
做一做用适当的连词填空。
①____ Barbara offers to us is honesty and happiness.
②_____ of the boys will do the job is uncertain.
③_____ team will win the game is not clear.
总结：what ____________________________________ which ___________________________________ 3. what / whatever who / whoever
做一做用适当的连词填空。
①____ he does has nothing with me.
②____ he said at the meeting surprised all of us.
③_____ will win the game is unknown.
④_____ breaks the law will be punished.
总结: what ____________________________________ whatever __________________________________
who _____________________________________ whoever __________________________________
考点三it作形式主语时的常见句型
做一做翻译使句子完整。
①It is certain _____________(他一定会考得很好).
②__________(很明显) she was telling lies.
③It’s no wonder _____________(他会取得如此大的进步).
④_________(很遗憾) you missed the film.
⑤It is said _______________(100多人死于这次事故).
⑥________(据要求) the work should be finished by May.
⑦It happened ____________,(昨天晚上他出去了)
⑧_________(看起来)it is going to rain.
总结：_________________________________________
考点四主语从句的主谓一致
做一做用括号里所给词的适当形式填空。
①When and where we will hold the meeting _____(have) not been decided.
②When we’ll hold the meeting and where we’ll hold it ______ (have) not been decided.
③What we need ________(be) books.
④What we need ________(be) time.
总结：_______________________________
exercise:
1. ____ as much as one-fifth of all timber harvested is not used.
A. The estimate
B. The estimate
C. They are estimated
D. It is estimated that
2. _____ some mammals came to live in the sea is not known.
A. Which
B. Since
C. Although
D. How
3. _____ we have achieved is attributed to the guidance of our parents.
A. Whoever
B. Whatever
C. However
D. That
4. _____ wealthy does not necessarily mean that a man is greedy.
A. For the reason that he is
B. Just because he is
C. The reason of being
D. That he is
5. Although _____ happened in this developed country sounds
like science fiction, it could occur elsewhere in the world.
A. which
B. what
C. how
D. it
6._____ she had forgotten to take her notebook.
A. That occurred to her
B. She occurred that
C. To her that occurred
D. It occurred to her that
7. I am sure that _____ she said is wrong.
A. which
B. that
C. this
D. what
8. We lost our way in the forest, and _____ made matters worse was that it was getting dark.
A. that
B. which
C. it
D. what
9. _____ he got the right answer is still a puzzle to me.
A. Which
B. Since
C. Although
D. How
10. _____ or not is still uncertain.
A. He’s coming
B. If he is coming
C. That coming
D. Whether he’s coming
11. It’s _____ he’ll be able to come.
A. doubt whether
B. doubtful
C. doubt it
D. doubtful whether
12. _____ he is at work in the heart of the big city or at home in the quiet suburb, Dick’s life is tied to machines.
A. Whether
B. Till
C. If
D. Unless
13. _____ he saw both surprised and frightened him.
A. That
B. When
C. What
D. Which
14. _____ is a spell of warm sunshine.
A. What do we all need.
B. What all we need
C. What we need
D. What we all need
15. _____ is a pity that he should feel so upset.
A. What
B. That
C. He
D. It
16. _____ a spoonful of soil can tell us so much about the
structure and early history of the moon.
A. Remarkable
B. Quite remarkably
C. It is remarkable that
D. It is remarkable fact that
17. _____ you nominate will be elected.
A. Who
B. Whom
C. Whomever
D. That’s
18. _____ book you borrow must be returned within a week.
A. What
B. Which
C. Whichever
D. That’s
19. _____ of us gets home first starts cooking.
A. Who
B. Which
C. Whichever
D. Anyone
20. _____orders he gives are obeyed.
A. Whichever
B. Which
C. Whatever
D. What
答案: 1-5 DDBDB 6-10 DDDDD 11-15 DACDD 16-20 CACCC
高中英语语法“虚拟语气”的教学设计 一、教材分析： 本课是结合外研社版高中英语教材选修6中有关虚拟语气的语法内容，进行高三虚拟语气的复习，教学中将语法知识的传授和语言基本技能的学习结合到一起，注重复习语法与语言的运用。采用任务型教学法和小组合作探究学习法，从而扩大课堂的语言输入量及学生的语言输出量。 二、学情分析： 在高一和高二英语学习基础上，高三学生已经掌握基本的语言结构和一定程度的听说读写能力。在高三语法复习的过程中，结合学生原有的知识掌握水平，巩固基础强化正确使用语法知识，提高学生运用语言的深度和难度.但大部分学生的基础知识仍然较为薄弱，运用英语进行交际活动的能力较差，主动学习的动力不够，然而他们学习比较认真，渴求知欲旺盛，思维比较活跃。部分学生的基础较好，能主动配合老师。只有设置使他们感兴趣的活动，因材施教，才能让他们投入到课堂活动中来。 三、教学重点: 1.复习的重点---语法虚拟语气的句型结构. 2.语法虚拟语气的运用 四、教学难点: 1.结合复习的语法知识，以课堂教学为依托，全面训练学生的听、说、读、写能力，加强和提高运用英语的综合能力。 2.虚拟语气在真实的生活语境中的使用。 五、教学目标: 1.知识目标: 引导学生掌握情态动词在虚拟语气之中的使用。培养学生通读，分析，理解，综合的能力，教会学生体察语境，结合上下文，附和逻辑推理和合理的想象，结合语法和题干中的语境解决高考题。在运用语言过程中培养学生的观察力、分析力、想象力和自学能力，提高思维能力和运用英语的综合能力。 2.能力目标： 利用多媒体手段营造积极和谐教学氛围，使学生进入情景之中，充分调动学生的思维活动和情感体验，规范学生运用英语知识准确表达的能力，同时，发展学生综合语言运用的能力，分析问题和解决问题的能力，培养学生自主学习。 3.德育目标： 用情态动词和虚拟语气的句子结构表达思想感情和正确的世界观、人生观。 六、教学策略:
知识链接单元总览 重点单词n.dynasty,design,vase,style,jewel,troop,reception,trial,doubt,castle,painting,eviden ce,debate v.amaze,survive,select,decorate,remove,dout,explode,sink,prove,pretend adj.valuable,rare,amazing,fancy,wooden,local,informal adv.apart Prep.worth 学生姓名王子宇年级高一学科英语教师姓 名朱志娟 备课时间：2014年11月08日上课时间：2014年11月10日 课题： 课时计划：第（ 1 ）课时共（ 3 ）课 时 学习目标 知识与技能 1.通过课文的学习，明确“文化遗产”的范畴，并掌握与 之相关的重点单词和短语； 2.初步掌握限制性与非限制性定语从句的用法 方法与过程激发引导讲练结合疑难质疑互动交流 情感态度与价值 观 1. 了解琥珀屋的历史以及其他世界文化遗产； 2. 尊重和热爱文化遗产，明白它们存在的历史和现实意 义，增强文化遗产的保护意识和民族自豪感。 学习难点常用单词的辨析和短语运用 学习重点限制性与非限制性定语从句的常用实例练习
重点短语In search of 寻找 at war 在交战think highly of赞扬Belong to 属于less than 少于 In return 作为回报take apart 拆开 词语辨析1.select/choose/elect/pick 2.country/nation/state/land 3.former/previous 4.argue/quarrel/debate/discuss/reason 5. apart from/except for/except 词形变化1.value n. valuable adj. valueless adj. 2.survive v. survival n. survivor n. 3.decorate v. decorative adj. decoration n. 重要1.It was also a treasure decorated with gold and jewel,which took the country’s best artists about ten years to make.(他也是用金银珠宝装饰起来的珍品，一批国家的优秀艺术家花了大约十年的时间才把它完成。) https://www.doczj.com/doc/7613032359.html,ter,Catherine had the Amber Room moved to a palace outside St Peterburg where she spent her summers.(后来，叶卡捷琳娜二世派人把琥珀屋搬到圣
高中英语语法复习课的教学课例与评析 在新课程背景下，怎样上好英语语法复习课，是值得广大高中英语教师思考的问题。语法复习课如果上不好，往往会变成旧课的重复，或者是新课的再版，这不仅不能发挥语法复习课的作用，而且会使学生感到乏味而降低学习兴趣。因此，我从平时的语法复习教学存在的问题入手，经过不断的教学实践和摸索，构建了“情境.话题.活动”语法复习教学模式。现结合module7 unit3中的动词-ing形式的被动语态复习课的教学课例，向大家简单地呈现该教学模式的具体操作方法，并进行课后反思。 一、语法复习教学存在的问题 (一)脱离情境教学，重语言形式，轻语言功能。在新课的教学上，我们教师会有意识地将语言的形式和功能相结合，设计语境，注意语言形式在真实语境中的运用，可一到复习课，因为课时紧，赶进度，往往只重视语言形式的复习。教师将语言形式归纳好，学生被动地接受语法规则。很显然，很多教师没有意识到语法能力是交际能力的一部分，高考语法考查也总是放在一定的语境中进行。因此，脱离情境，孤立地、机械地进行语法形式的总结，难以达到语法复习的预期效果。 (二)不设置任务活动，重教师的“教”，轻学生的“学”。在实际的语法复习课的教学中，还是有一些教师满堂灌。教师对教学过程中的每个步骤的安排设计主要从“教”的角度考虑，花很多时间把知识讲解系统、深入，把复习课上成例题课、练习课或测验讲评课，不重视设置基于学生水平、易激发学生学习兴趣的任务和活动，导致学生不能积极、主动地参与课堂，也难以达到预期的复习效果。 二、语法复习课的教学课例与评析 (一) “情境.话题.活动”语法复习教学模式 “情境.话题.活动”语法复习教学模式是“以情境为载体、以话题为主线、以活动为依托”，我把它称为“寓情于境”的语法复习教学模式。“情”即某一特定的目标语法，而“境”则是以某一话题贯穿始终的、围绕该话题开展活动、完成任务的相对真实的语境。该模式的主要步骤如下: 步骤一：导入。运用单元相关的话题或热点话题导入，注重引起学生兴趣。 步骤二：呈现。将本课时要复习的目标语法设计到不同形式的听说读写等情境中。 步骤三：归纳。学生通过观察丰富的语言材料，发现、回忆相关语法现象，并通过同伴合作活动，讨论语法规则并总结归纳语法规则。 步骤四：运用。根据话题一致的原则，设置不同情境，从句到篇，由易到难，训练学生在真实生动的语境中达到活学活用目标语法的目的。
2020年新人教版高中英语必修一导学案全套 Welcome Unit Listening and Speaking & Reading and Thinking 导学案 【学习目标】 1．学会本节单词、短语。 2．掌握本节句型表达与运用。 【学习重难点】 掌握本节句型表达与运用。 【学习过程】 一、词汇学习 1. get to know 逐渐了解 2. exchange n.交换；交流vt.交换；交流；交易；兑换 3. lecture n.讲座；讲课；教训vi.（开）讲座；交易；兑换 4. registration n. 讲座；注册；挂号 5. sex n.性别 6. nationality n. 国籍；民族 7. anxious adj. 焦虑的；不安的 8. annoyed adj.恼怒的；生气的 9. frightened adj.惊吓的，害怕的 10. senior adj.级别（或地位）高的n.较年长的人 11. outgoing adj.爱交际的；外向的 12. impression n.印象；感想 13. awkward adj. 令人尴尬的；难对付的 14. junior adj.地位（或职位、级别）低下的n.职位较低者；（体育运动中）青少年 15. explore vt.&vi. 探索，勘探 16. confident adj.自信的；有把握的
17. designer n. 设计师；构思者 二、知识运用 1. exchange 词性：________ 意思：__________ 词性：________ 意思：__________ 短语搭配： in exchange (for......)作为（与.......的）交换 exchange A for B 以A交换B；把A兑换成B exchange sth. with sb. 与某人交流/交换某物 exchange opinion/ideas/views 交流意见/想法/看法 练习：The School of Life has a large number of professional staff who are willing to meet up with you for an hour of chat in exchange ______ a small fee. 2. designer (1)词性：_________ 意思：________ (2)词性：_________ 意思：________ 短语搭配：make designs for.....为......做设计 by design(=on purpose)故意地 design sth. for.......为......设计某物 be designer to do.......旨在做.......，用于做........ 练习：Lucy was born on January 30th, 1998, when her sister got married to a fashion_____(design). 3. anxious 词性：__________ 意思：________ 短语搭配：be anxious for sb./about sth. 为某人/某事担心/担忧 be anxious for......渴望........ be anxious (for sth.) to do sth. 渴望（某人）做某事 be anxious that.......渴望（从句谓语用“should + 动词原形”，should 可以省略） 练习：She lost her job last month. Therefore, she is anxious_______ (find) a new job.
语法复习导学案M7U1 一、探究发现Regular public broadcasting followed shortly afterwards.①.contributed to the development of TVMany different people ②to tell you that your application has been turned down.I regret③me a mobile phone as a gift.On my birthday she gave④began using plastic tape.It was not until the early 1950s that most tape recorders ⑤foresee what the future will bring?⑥Who
can were made in the USA.⑦The first public TV broadcasts from satellite TV.benefit⑧However, most people still ][我的发现，属于不及物动词的有___________(1)以上各句中的黑体部分，属于及物动词的有。_______作、从句、_______________(2)从以上句子可以看出，及物动词可接、代词、_______ 宾语。语态。(3)由⑦句可以看出，及物动词能使_________(4)由②⑧句可以看出，不及物动词不能直接接_________；必要时，则需加________。 二、知识梳理 （一）及物动词 及物动词是指后面可直接跟宾语，并且必须跟宾语才能使其意义完整的动词。大部分及物动词有被动语态。 及物动词常用于以下三种结构中： 1．“主语＋谓语＋宾语”结构 此时的宾语可以是一个名词、代词、动词不定式(短语)、疑问词＋动词不定式、动名词(短语)或者从句。 He charged the battery.(名词) Eventually, his behavior satisfied her.(代词) I want to get your help. (动词不定式短语) I don't know what to do. (疑问句＋动词不定式) He delayed telling her the news. (动名词短语) No one can foresee what will happen in the future. (宾语从句) (1)下面这些及物动词后只能接动名词作宾语： admit(承认)，appreciate(感激), avoid, consider(考虑), delay, deny, enjoy, escape, prevent, fancy(想象), finish, imagine, mind, miss(想念), postpone(推迟), practise, recall(回忆), resist, risk, suggest(建议), include, stand(忍受), forgive, keep(继续)等。 Would you mind using your phone? 用一下你的电话你介意吗？ That young guy still denies having started the fire behind the store. 那个年轻人仍然否认在商店后面放了火。 (2)下面这些及物动词后只能接不定式作宾语： afford, arrange, ask, choose, decide, determine, expect, hesitate, hope, long(渴望), manage, offer, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, threat, wish等。 Can you afford to lend me some money? 你能借一些钱给我吗？ He has determined to learn French. 他已决定学法语了。 动名词作宾语且意义差别大的及物动词。/可接不定式(3)． 忘记要做某事forget to do sth.???忘记做过某事forget doing sth. ??记得要做某事remember to do sth.???记得做过某事remember doing sth. ??试图做某事attempt to do sth.???试着做某事attempt doing sth. ??打算做某事mean to do sth.???意味着做某事mean doing sth. ??努力做某事try to do sth.???尝试做某事try doing sth. ??(4)接不定式或动名词作宾语且意义差别不大的及物动词。 a．表示“爱、憎、喜、恶”的情感类动词hate, love, like, prefer等后接不定式或动名词作宾语时，
人教版高中英语必修二 知识点梳理 ）巩固练习 重点题型（ 常考知识点 限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 概念引入： He is a person who never gives up.他是个永远不服输的人。 I found him in the woods,where has a well-known tree. (我是在树林里找到他的，那里有一棵很有名的树。) Our guide,(who was a Frenchman,)was an excellent cook. 我们的导游是个很优秀的厨师，他是个法国人 She was not on the train which arrived just now。 她没在刚刚到达的那辆车上 语法点拨 什么是定语从句？ 修饰主语、宾语、表语的句子就叫做定语从句。引导定语从句的关系词有： 关系代词：who,whom,whose,which,that 关系副词：when,where,why 我们把下面两个句子组合成一个复合句： 1.This is our school.It is beautiful. →This is our school which is beautiful. 2.This is our school.W e study in our school. →This is our school which we study in. →This is our school in which we study. →This is our school where we study. 3.Do you know the r oom?It is made of amber. →Do you know the room which is made of amber? 4.I have read the newspaper.It carries the important news. →I have r ead the newsp aper which carries the important news. 从上述定语从句的组合我们可以看出： 先行词和关系词的关系：关系代词实际上是先行词的复指；关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格。 1.A plane is a machine t hat can fly. the machine=that 2.The boy who brok e the window is called Wangkai. the boy=who 3.The boy whose p arents are working outside was b r oug ht up by his grandfather. the boy’s=whose 【高一英语语法（二）定语从句（二）356521限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句】
姓名: _ __ _ 班级: 主备人：刘南审核: 刘晓华学案序号: _____ 课题内容Book 1 Module4 Revision of the language points 学习目标1、通过复习掌握高考中的重点单词，短语及句式结构。 2、实现知识的复现，培养学生归纳总结及独立分析问题的能力。 使用要求1、书写要认真规范；2、教师讲解时，务必用另一颜色的笔修正答案。 复习篇 【学法指导】请同学们根据课文及单词表完成习题。 Fill in the blanks with proper words. 1.___________ adv.很;相当 2.______________ vt.打扰 3._____________ vt.停车 4.___________ vt. 买的起 5.______________ vt.雇佣 6._____________ vi 死里逃生;幸存 7. _______________ 上升8.______________许多;大量9._____________ 摆脱 预习篇 Part1. Keywords and phrases 1._____________ adj.有生气的 2._____________vi.听起来 3.______________ vt.接近 4._____________ adj. 幸运的 5._____________修建 Part2. Sentences 1.自从我们上次见面以来已经6年了。 ______________________________________________________________________ 2.这是我第一次参观你的家乡。 解析篇 【学法指导】请同学们根据课文及笔记翻译句子并完成相应的习题。 ①lively(adj.)_______________ 1.中国是一个生机勃勃的国家.____________________________________________________________________________ 2.我们班主任是一名既美丽又充满活力的女士. _____________________________________________________________ (思考题) What other adjectives ending with –ly can you think of? (其它的以- ly结尾的形容词) _______________________________________________________________________________________________________ ②fortunate (adj.)___________ 反义词(adj.)____________ _____________ (adv.)幸运地反义词(adv.)_____________ ____________ (n. ) 运气, 财富, 1. We are fortunate in living in such a big city. 3. He dreamed of making a fortune. 2. He is/feels very fortunate to have a lovely son. (归纳总结)____________________________________________________________________________________________ ③Sound n._____________; v._____________ 1. We heard strange sounds in the distance. 3. That sounds a good idea. 2. The bell sounded for the end of the class. (归纳总结) ___________________________________________________________________________________________ 宝清二高高三英语导学案
2020学年人教版高中英语必修三 Unit1 Festivals around the world Grammar——The usage of Modal Verbs 编写人: 审核：全体英语组编写时间： 【学习目标】学习情态动词的用法： ——can\could, may\might, will\would, shall\should, must\can’t 【学习重点】掌握并使用情态动词 【学习难点】如何在不同的语境中学会使用不同的情态动词 【学法指导】①注意仔细观察所给例句的结构 ②通过反复练习掌握掌握其用法 Learning Procedures: Step1 Lead-in Enjoy a song again and again, and then fill in the blanks using the proper model verbs. I want to be with you There are things that be done That are not yet begun Things that I do When I want to be with you Although we be far apart You be with be in my heart No one else do I just want to be with you I want to be with you you hear me? I need you near me I want to be with you I need you near me, my love The two of us be one Mother of my son No one else do I just want to be with you I want to be with you _____ you hear me? I need you near me I want to be with you I need you near me, my love Step2 What is Modal Verb? 1.定义：情态动词本身有一定的意义，表示说话人的某种感情或语气，对某动 作或状态的某种态度，表示“需要”，“可以”，“必须”，“应当”等意义。【观察思考】Translate the following sentences into Chinese and pay attetion to the meaning of Modal Verbs. ①You can smoke in the room. 你可以在房间吸烟 ②You must arrive on time. 你必须按时到达 ③We should obey the rules. 我们应该遵守规则 2.基本特点：由以上例句看出： ①情态动词本身都有一定的词义； ②情态动词不能单独在句中充当谓语，必须和实义动词连用； ③情态动词没有人称和数的变化； ④情态动词后接动词原形。 Step3 The usage of modal verbs ——can\could, may\might, will\would, shall\should, must\can’t 【学前准备】Learn the following words about the functions(功能) of modal verbs. ability，advice，agreement，guessing，past habit，request，necessity，permission，possibility，prediction，promise, wish, willingness, determination
Unit1 Friendship part 1 (new words) Learning Aims(学习目标): 1.Understand the meaning and usage of words in warming-up and reading 了解并掌握重点词汇 2.Practice using some important words in bold . Learning importance (学习重点): key words Learning procedure:： 1.add up合计，加起来；合情理 add up to加起来达到，总计为；add to增添add...to...把……加到……里 eg. 1.Add up your score and see how many points you get. 累加你的分数, 看你得多少分。 2.The numbers add up to exactly 100. 这些数字的总和恰好是100。 Exercise: The heavy rain _________the difficulty in rescuing the buried people.大雨增加了营救被掩埋群众的困难。 2.upset adj.心烦意乱的；不安的；v. upset，upset，upsetting 使不安；使心烦；打乱；扰乱；打翻be upset about/at/over为……烦恼It upsets sb.that...让某人心烦的是…… eg. 1.There is no point being upset about it. 犯不着为此事而难过。 2.I’m sorry. I didn’t mean to upset you. 对不起, 我没想要让你不高兴。 3.It upset him that nobody had bothered to tell him about that.让他不高兴的是, 谁也没把那件事告诉他。 4.She was upset that he had left without saying goodbye. 他的不辞而别让她感到不安。 夯实基础 (1)用upset的适当形式填空 ①She sounded _______________when I said you couldn’t come. 3.ignore v.不理睬；忽视；不顾 ignorance n.无知；愚昧；不知道out of ignorance出于无知ignorant adj.无知的；愚昧的；不知道的be ignorant of不知道…… eg.1. You will ignore the bell and go somewhere quiet to calm your friend down. 你会不顾铃声, 而是去某个安静的地方安慰你的朋友。 2.We can’t afford to ignore their advice. 我们不能不考虑他们的劝告。 夯实基础(1)用ignore的适当形式填空 ①They fought a long battle against prejudice and_______________. 4.calm adj.镇静的，沉着的(not excited，upset，etc.)；风平浪静的；无风的；v.(使)平静，(使)镇静calm sb.down使某人平静下来keep/be/stay calm保持镇静calm down平静 镇静 下来 eg. 1.We waited inside until things calmed down. 我们待在室内等着, 直到一切都恢复了平静。 2.He took a few deep breaths to calm himself down. 他深深吸了几口气, 使自己平静下来。 3.It is important to keep calm in the face of danger. 在面临危险时, 保持镇静是重要的。Exercise:（1）I t is not easy to ____ the excited man _____. 5.concern v.影响 ；涉及 与……有关 be connected with ；让 某人 担忧 be worried about ；n.担心，忧虑；关心concerned adj.担心的；忧虑的；感兴趣的as far as sb.be concerned就某人而言 concerning prep.关于 eg.1.Can you tell us what concerns you most? 你能告诉我们什么让你最担忧吗? 2.More and more people are showing concern for the safety of school buses.越来越多的人在关注校车的安全问题。 3.As far as I’m concerned, I disagree with his idea. 就我个人而言, 我不同意他的想法。Exercise: It is love and __________that have brought about the great changes. 6.go through经历，经受 experience ；仔细查看 go o ver ； 法律等 通过；用完 use up ；浏览 look through get through通过；接通电话；用完look through浏览；往……里面看break through冲破；突破 eg.1.The poor girl has gone through such a lot since her parents died. 这个可怜的女孩自父母去世后经历了许多苦难。 2.The doctor will go through the operation soon. 那位医生很快就会做完手术了。 3.I went through the students’ papers last night. 昨晚我仔细阅读了学生们的论文。 7.set down放下 put down ；记下 write down ；登记；让……下车 set off动身；引爆；引起set up竖立；建立；张贴set an example树立榜样be set in以……为背景eg.1.You had better set down your idea before you forget it. 你最好把你的想法写下来, 以免忘记。2.She has set a good example for us. Exercise: 1.The bus stopped to _____________an old lady. 公共汽车停下来让一位老太太下车。 2.Please help me _____________the names of all the students. 请帮我把所有学生的名字都登记下来。 8.in order to为了 in order not to do...为了不做…so as to do...为了做…in order that/so that后接从句，为了…… eg 1.In order to pass the exam, he studied even harder. 为了通过考试, 他学习更加努力。 2.He went to sleep early in order to get up early the next day. 为了第二天早起, 他早早地就睡觉了。Exercise: 1..__________________encourage the students to take outdoor exercise ，our school organized a mountain-climbing on April 10. 为了鼓励学生进行户外锻炼，我们学校在四月十号组织了爬山。 特别提醒 in order to与so as to都可以表示目的，但so as to不能用于句首，而in order to既可置于句首，也可置于句中。两者都可转换成in order that/so that引导的状语从句。 9.power n.能力；力量；权力；动力 come to/into power掌权；上台in one’s power在某人的掌控中
The Use of “It “ 1．用作人称代词（可指一般动物和无生命的东西） 1）指前面的名词Where is my dictionary? I can’t find it anywhere. it也可指小孩或不知性别的人The baby on the ground was crying and a woman picked it up. Someone is knocking on the door. Who can it be? 2）指前面的句子Your English is not so good. Have you realized it? 2．用作非人称代词 1）表示时间---What time is it by your watch? ---It is half past ten. 2）表示天气I think it’s going to rain today. 3）表示自然现象It’s early summer now. It is two degrees below zero taday. 4）表示距离It is not far from my home to our school. 3.用作引导词 1)作形式主语，代替不定式、动名词、从句所表示的真正主语；作形式宾语，代替不定式、动 名词、从句所表示的真正宾语。 a.It is a good habit to go to bed and get up early. b.It is no use reading without understanding. c.It is uncertain when we will finish the work. d.They found it difficult to deal with such a problem. e.I think it no use talking to him about that. f.They took it for granted that she would go to their party. 2)构成强调句型强调句型可以对句子中的成分加以强调，用来加强语气，其结构为：It is(was) + 被强调的成分（主语、宾语、状语）+ that(who) ，被强调部分指人时用that或who，不指人时只能用that 。 I saw our English teacher in the street yesterday morning. 强调主语It was I who/tha t saw our English teacher in the street yesterday morning. 强调宾语It was our English teacher who/that I saw in the street yesterday morning. 强调状语It was in the street that I saw our English teacher yesterday morning. 3)其他句式(靠自己积累) a.It was evening when we arrived in the city. b.It is 12 years since we met last..
语法：是一门研究英语语言构成规律的学科。 词 法 ———— 语法 ————句法 简单句：在句子中只包含一套主谓结构。 并列句：通常由一个连词连接的并列的句子。 复合句：〖大句套小句〗 一气：虚拟语气 二词：非谓语动词、情态动词 三句：名词性从句、定语从句、状语从句 语法 非谓语动词 一、 在句中不能作谓语的动词叫做非谓语动词 二、 啥样呢？ 1. 不定式：To do 2. 动名词：Doing 3. 分词：Done Eg1. The ocean and seas surrounding the islands are deep blue. 围绕着群岛的海洋是深蓝色的 Eg2. My mother ordered the homework to be done. ☆☆非谓语动词的宾补，其逻辑主语为前面宾语 ▲ 方法一：口诀法 非谓语，三要点。 句法 目 的 结 构 形容词 名词 数词 代词 动词 介词 副词 感叹词 冠词 连词 陈述句 疑问句 祈使句 感叹句 简单句 复合句 并列句 时态、语态 非谓语动词 情态动词 词法 名词性从句 状语从句 定语从句
变否定，NOT 前。 哼哈将，时逻关。 七仙女，记心间。 （一） 变否定 （二） 哼哈将 1.动词不定式 主动关系 被动关系 一般式 To do To be done 完成式 To have done To have been done 进行式 To be doing (To be being done) 完成进行式 To have being doing (To have been being done) ▲ 一般式：不定式的动作和谓语动词动作同时发生或在谓语动词之后的动作发生。 A A ：谓语动词 B ：不定式 ▲ 完成式：不定时动作在谓语动词动作之前发生。 A A ：谓语动词 B ：不定式 Eg3. Jay Chou taught us to sing 黄河大合唱 last night. ▲ 进行式：不定时的动作和谓语动词动作同时正在进行 A A ：谓语动词 B ：不定式 Eg4. When his mother entered, the boy pretended to be sleeping. ▲ 完成进行式：不定时的动作在谓语动词动作之前发生，一直持续到谓语动词动作，到谓 语动词动作为止。不定时的动作有可能刚刚结束，还有可能继续延续下去。 A A ：谓语动词 B ：不定式 Eg5. Mr. Zhong is said to have been working as a teacher for 10 years. 时间关系 逻辑关系 B B B B B B B B
如何上好高中英语语法课 一. 当前高中英语语法课的现状 语法是指语言的组织规律，是语言的布局形式，即人们使用语言进行交际 时使语言具有明确意义并能被对方所理解的一套规则。当然，语法学习是语言 学习必不可少的环节。《新课标》提倡教学要从用的角度出来，重在加强学生 的实践意识，不能局限在语法自身的范畴内，而必须与逻辑思维、语言意识、 篇章语境、题材体裁和文化接洽起来。但是许多教师没有领会新课程的理念， 没有采用正确的教学方法。由于考试制度的牵制，以及学校的升学压力，多数 教师们长期使用的都是传统教学法。在以教师为中间的自导自演的教说后，脱 离情境，硬让学生来完成已经给定的习题。这些个单纯的语法解说和操练显得 枯燥无味，不能激发学生的学习乐趣。还有由于中国学生学习英语缺乏语言环 境以及英汉语言表达习惯和规则的差别，产生了语法常识与现实生活脱节的现 象，学生只能靠死记硬背语法条文来遣辞造句，久而久之，英语语法的学习就 成为了一种负担，语法教学当然也达不到应有的效果。这不仅不利于提高学生 的语法理解能力，而且使整堂语法课气氛沉闷，因此，学生在不断的听和马不 停蹄的记的过程当中，逐渐地对语法课失去了兴趣。 二．解决方案 那么，教师究竟该如何有效提高学生的语法理解运用能力，让沉闷的语法 课“动”起来呢？我将从以下几点加以分析和说明。 1．生动导入、有序铺垫。 导入是上好一节课的重要环节，学生只有对英语学习产生了兴趣，才能连结学习的动力。教师的任务就是要不断地激发学生的学生兴趣和连结学生的学 习热情，要充分地调动学生表达的欲望，激发学生的求知欲，融洽了课堂气氛， 同时也为以下的授课做了铺垫。 2．深切探索追究，巧妙导出。 《新课标》提倡语法教学要从用的角度出发，重在加强学生的实践意识， 不能局限在语法自身的范畴内，而必须与逻辑思维，篇章语境等接洽起来，以 帮助学生逐步达到教学目标。 、管路敷设技术通过管线不仅可以解决吊顶层配置不规范高中资料试卷问题，而且可保障各类管路习题到位。在管路敷设过程中，要加强看护关于管路高中资料试卷连接管口处理高中资料试卷弯扁度固定盒位置保护层防腐跨接地线弯曲半径标等，要求技术交底。管线敷设技术中包含线槽、管架等多项方式，为解决高中语文电气课件中管壁薄、接口不严等问题，合理利用管线敷设技术。线缆敷设原则：在分线盒处，当不同电压回路交叉时，应采用金属隔板进行隔开处理；同一线槽内强电回路须同时切断习题电源，线缆敷设完毕，要进行检查和检测处理。、电气课件中调试对全部高中资料试卷电气设备，在安装过程中以及安装结束后进行 高中资料试卷调整试验；通电检查所有设备高中资料试卷相互作用与相互关系，根据生产工艺高中资料试卷要求，对电气设备进行空载与带负荷下高中资料试卷调控试验；对设备进行调整使其在正常工况下与过度工作下都可以正常工作；对于继电保护进行整核对定值，审核与校对图纸，编写复杂设备与装置高中资料试卷调试方案，编写重要设备高中资料试卷试验方案以及系统启动方案；对整套启动过程中高中资料试卷电气设备进行调试工作并且进行过关运行高中资料试卷技术指导。对于调试过程中高中资料试卷技术问题，作为调试人员，需要在事前掌握图纸资料、设备制造厂家出具高中资料试卷试验报告与相关技术资料，并且了解现场设备高中资料试卷布置情况与有关高中资料试卷电气系统接线等情况 ，然后根据规范与规程规定，制定设备调试高中资料试卷方案。 、电气设备调试高中资料试卷技术电力保护装置调试技术，电力保护高中资料试卷配置技术是指机组在进行继电保护高中资料试卷总体配置时，需要在最大限度内来确保机组高中资料试卷安全，并且尽可能地缩小故障高中资料试卷破坏范围，或者对某些异常高中资料试卷工况进行自动处理，尤其要避免错误高中资料试卷保护装置动作，并且拒绝动作，来避免不必要高中资料试卷突然停机。因此，电力高中资料试卷保护装置调试技术，要求电力保护装置做到准确灵活。对于差动保护装置高中资料试卷调试技术是指发电机一变压器组在发生内部故障时，需要进行外部电源高中资料试卷切除从而采用高中资料试卷主要保护装置。