2014职称英语综合类阅读理解

第四部分阅读理解授课内容：1.题型介绍及考查目标2.阅读理解的出题形式3.答题技巧4.教材重点文章讲解题型介绍该部分考查应试者对不同体裁和不同题材语言材料的理解能力，以及通过阅读获取材料信息（主旨和细节信息）的能力。

要求应试者阅读3篇具有一定难度级别的文章，每篇文章300-450词，每篇文章后有5道小题，应试者应根据文章的内容，从每题所给的4个选项中选择1个最佳答案。

考查目标应试者应能综合运用英语语言知识和阅读技能来理解本专业的或一般内容的英语书面材料。

6大阅读理解能力：1）掌握所读材料的主旨和大意；2）了解阐述主旨的事实和细节；3）利用上下文猜测某些词汇和短语的意义；4）既理解个别句子的意义，也理解上下文之间的意义关系；5）根据所读材料进行判断和推论；6）领会作者的观点、意图和态度。

阅读理解的出题形式细节题根据上下文猜测词义题主旨题作者观点态度题推理判断题答题技巧细节题1.关键词定位题：根据关键词（时间、地点、数字、名词、专有名词、重要实词或短语等）定位原句，正确选项通常是原句再现、原词再现或同义改写。

例1：American researchers say that lead poisoning may be the cause of tooth damage in ____ children in the U.S.A.almost 1 millionB.more than 2 millionC.almost 2 billionD.about 57 million原文：Children with high levels of lead in their blood may be more likely to have bad teeth. American researchers say that lead poisoning may be the cause of tooth damage in more than 2 million children in the United States.[答疑编号506324040101]【正确答案】B【答案解析】细节题。

2014年职称英语综合类考试教材阅读理解文章及译文（4）2014年职称英语考试时间为3月29日。

小编为您整理职称英语教材中，阅读理解部分的文章及译文，希望对您有所助益。

Motoring Technology1.2 million road deaths worldwide occur each year, plus a further 50 million injuries. To reduce car crash rate, much research now is focused on safety and new fuels-though some electric vehicle and biofuel research aims at going faster.Travelling at speed has always been dangerous. One advanced area of research in motoring safety is the use of digital in-car assistants. They can ensure you don’t miss important road signs or fall asleep. Most crashes result from human and not mechanical faults.Some safety developments aim to improve your vision. Radar can spot obstacles in fog, while other technology "sees through" big vehicles blocking your view.And improvements to seat belts, pedal(脚踏)controls and tyres are making driving smoother and safer. The colour of a car has been found to be linked with safety, as have, less surprisingly, size and shape.But whatever is in the fuel tank, you don’t want a thief in the driving seat and there have been many innovations(创新).Satellite tracking and remote communications can also come into play if you crash, automatically calling for help.Accidents cause many traffic jams, but there are more subtle interplays between vehicles that can cause jams even on a clear but busy road. Such jams can be analyzed using statistical tools. Robotic drivers could be programmed to make traffic flow smoothly and will perhaps one day be everyons’s personal chauffeur(司机),but their latest efforts suggest that won’t be soon.1.To reduce car crash rate,many scientists are working hard toA.design fully automatic cars.B.develop faster electric vehicles.C.analyze road deaths occurring worldwide each year.D.improve the safety of cars and develop new fuels.2.According to the second paragraph,most road accidents happen due toA.heavy traffic.B.human mistakes.C.engine failure.D.bad weather.3.Which of the following safety developments is NOT mentioned in the passage?A.Windscreens that can help drivers to improve their vision.B.Radars that can help drivers to see obstacles in fog.C.Devices that can help drivers to see through big vehicles.D.Improvements in seat belts,pedal controls and tyres.4.Satellite tracking and remote communication systems cna be used toA.reduce oil consumption.B.remove the obstacles on the road.C.call for help when one’s car crashes.D.help drivers get out of a traffic jam.5.Which of the following statements is true of robotic drivers?A.It will take some time before robotic drivers are available.B.Robotic drivers are not allowed to driveon busy roads.C.Robotic drivers can never replace human drivers.D.Robotic drivers are too expensive to use.答案与题解：1.C 文章第一段的意思是：在世界范围内，每年发生120万起交通死亡事故，加上5000万起伤残事故，因此正在进行的许多研究的重点是安全问题和新燃料问题，尽管一些电动车和生物燃料的研究旨在达到更快的速度。

2014年职称英语考试试题：综合类阅读理解练习题（5）Are You Just Not Ill or Excellent in Health?As we have seen, the focus of medical care in our society has been shifting from curing disease to preventing disease—especially in terms of changing our many unhealthy behaviors, such as poor eating habits, smoking, and failure to exercise. The line of thought involved in this shift can be pursued further. Imagine a person who is about the right weight, but does not eat very nutritious (有营养的) foods, who feels OK but exercises only occasionally, who goes to work every day, but is not an outstanding worker, who drinks a few beers at home most nights but does not drive while drunk, and who has no chest pains or abnormal blood counts, but sleeps a lot and often feels tired. This person is not ill. He may not even be at risk for any particular disease. But we can imagine that this person could be a lot healthier.The field of medicine has not traditionally distinguished between someone who is merely “not ill” and someone who is in excellent health and pays attention to the body’s special needs. Both types have simply been called “well.” In recent years, however, some health specialists have begun to apply the terms “well” and “wellness” only to those who are actively striving to maintain and improve their health. People who are well are concerned with nutrition and exercise, and they make a point of monitoring their body’s condition. Most important, perhaps, people who are well take active responsibility for all matters related to their health. Even people who have a physical disease or handicap (缺陷) may be “well,” in this new sense, if they make an effort to maintain the best possible health they can in the face of their physical limitations. “Wellness” may perhaps best be viewed not as a state that people can achieve, but as an ideal that people can strive for. People who are well are likely to be better able to resist disease and to fight disease when it strikes. And by focusing attention on healthy ways of living, the concept of wellness can have a beneficial impact on the ways in which people face the challenges of daily life.1.Today medical care is placing more stress onA.keeping people in a healthy physical condition.B.removing people’s bad living habits.C.monitoring patients’ body functions.D.ensuring people’s psychological well-being.正确答案:B解析:问题问的是：当今的医疗保健更加强调什么?文章开头提到当今医疗保健的焦点已经从治疗疾病转移到预防疾病上，特别是在改变许多不利于健康的行为，如不良的饮食习惯，吸烟和不运动等。

2014 年职称英语综合类阅读理解50 篇第一篇Telling Tales about People1、This passage …about_ the … and biographies.2、Helen Keller wrote_ an autobiography. _______.3、Auto… because they__ want to … light ______.4、The writer … passage by__ defining it ______.5、Diverse means_ varied or different第二篇Outside -the-classroom Learning Makesa Big Difference1、An…student leaders Will not … in it.2、American…mostly for Building friendship.3、Who is Katie Rowley? She's a senior student.4、What…successful end? Passion.5、The…replaced by Polish.第三篇Shark Attack!1、After …, the shark_ swam away _.2、It…great whites often…escape _3、Which …of paragraph 4? are.4、The word … 4 means_ great whites'_5、What is … paragraph? We now… animals.第四篇Feast on Turkey and Good Wishes at Thanksgiving1、On Halloween, children…as Ghosts.2、When are…eaten? On Thanksgiving.3、Thanksgiving is…for Providing them … lives.4、Many children …because_They can …food.5、The first … in 1620.第五篇The Travels of Ibn Battuta1、What is…about? The adventures…Battuta.2、Which of …line 5? left to go to.3、The Sultan …because Ibn Battuta…Mecca.4、Which of …with? Ibn Battuta…today.5、Why did …home? The Sultan…return.第六篇TV Shows and Long Bus Trips1、According to…trip? Ad..ts on the board.2、What is…passage? To talk …shows.3、The writer…favor no billboards…road.4、The writer…because they both …between.5、The writer… are exciting.第七篇Modern Sun Worshippers1、The writer …that they wish…home.2、In paragraph 2, …climate. to show…terms3、According to…others? Spain.4、The latter…means every year ...country.5、According to…beaches? Rainy weather.第八篇The Changing Middle Class1、The information …with a social …group2、A common…that_ the family is very important3、In the…as_prosperous and optimistic4、The phrase…is_a restatement…idea5、The word collectively means_ as a group第九篇Single-parent Kids Do Best1、With which…agree? Two-parent…children.2、According to…offspring? The young…care.3、What is …paragraph 5? Experiment and result.4、According to…conflict? The …body size.5、According to…by ecological factors.第十篇A Letter from Alan1、Why has…letter? To inform …plans.2、Why is …opinion? Because it …nature.3、What will…jams? A building …Place.4、Alan says…soon have less money5、Which of …made? Say no…place第十一篇The Development of Ballet1、This passage …with the way ballet developed。

2014职称英语综合A 阅读理解（34-50篇）34逃亡在宾馆里闲待一个下午是很无聊的。

巡回乐团道具管理组的成员在用美元玩儿游戏，把纸币折成纸飞机的形状然后看谁飞得最远。

因为没有什么事情可以做，我加入了他们并且贏了五局，之后我找了个机会带着我贏的钱退出了游戏。

尽管天色看起来不是很好，我还是决定出去走一走o我向前走到了街道另一边的一个小店里。

与其他的小店不同，它没有吸引眼球的名字和主要经营的项目，取而代之的是普通的霓虹灯，里面则是吸引人的强光。

奇怪的是并没有什么影子映射在窗户上。

我并没有因为这个而停住脚步，我走了进去。

我屏住呼吸，不知道看哪里也不知道从哪里开始看。

一面墙上挂着三个手工缝制的美国壁毯，十分美丽，可能是新做的。

我穿过易拉罐和散落的小玩意儿还有古董家具，在我面前的一面墙上挂着一个崭新的1957年的Straocaster吉他。

一张五十美元的卡插在琴弦上。

我的手抚摸着放唱片的架子，读着标题。

这里还有很多的……“我可以帮助你吗？”她吓了我一跳。

我没有看见在柜台后面的女人。

她看我的方式如此居高临下，这一时让我很紧张像是被一种磁场或是电场紧紧包裹住。

很难避开那个眼神。

但是尽管很不舒服，我还是觉得那种被直视的感觉很美妙，那种感觉对我来说不陌生，对她来说也不陌生oi了愉悦以外她的神情还流露出慈爱和怜悯。

我猜不出她的年龄。

尽管她的眼神充满了友善，她使我想起了我的祖母。

我能感觉到她是一个不喜欢与人争吵的人。

最后我开口说话，“我真的只是看看”，私下里却在好奇有多少东西能够塞进汽车。

她转身离开到后面的屋子，示意我应该跟随其后，但这并非是第一个房间，房间的灯光也让我感觉很特别，灯光来自天花板上的油饤，使一切都笼罩在巨大的阴影之下。

这里没有罕见的电吉他，没有古老的项链，没有鲜花装饰的手绘盒子。

很明显它是陈旧的用来存放垃圾和那些平淡无奇的旧文献的。

我发现了一些旧书，那些金字巳经退去使题目很难辨认。

“它们看起来很有趣。

目录综合类C级： (2)Shark Attack ! 【小心鲨鱼!】 (2)The Travels of Ibn Battuta【伊本白图泰游记】 (3)综合类B级： (5)Income【收入】 (5)I'II Be Bach【我也能成为巴赫】【2014年新增文章】 (6)Oseola McCarty 【老妇人】 (8)综合类A级： (9)To Have and Have Not【逃亡】 (9)Life as a Movie Extra【群众演员的人生】【2014年新增】 (11)综合类C级：Shark Attack ! 【小心鲨鱼!】Craig Rogers was sitting on his surfboard, scanning the distance for his next wave, when his board suddenly stopped moving. He looked down and was terrified to see a great white shark biting the front of his board. "I could have touched its eye with my elbow," says Craig. The shark had surfaced so quietly that he hadn't heard a thing.In his horror and confusion, he waved his arms and accidentally cut two of his fingers on the shark's teeth. He then slid off the opposite side of his surfboard into the water. Then, with Craig in the water and blood flowing from his fingers, the five-meter-long shark simply swam away, disappearing into the water below.Although sharks are often categorized as killers that hunt and eat as many humans as they can, this is factually inaccurate. Sharks very rarely kill humans. A person has a greater chance of being struck by lightning or drowning in a bath than of being killed by a shark. 0nly 74 people have been reported killed by great whites in the last century. But great white sharks can reach six meters in length and weigh 2,200 kilograms or more. With frightening jaws that can hold up to 3,000 teeth arranged in several rows, they could very easily kill and eat a helpless human in the water. Why is it, then, that most people survive attacks by great whites? Shark researchers are trying to comprehend the reasons that allow people to escape without being eaten.The most common explanation is that great whites don't see well. It has been thought that they mistake people for the seals or sea lions which make up a large part of their diet. There is reason to doubt this, however. Recent information shows that great whites can actually see very well. Also, when attacking seals, great whites shoot up to the surface and bite with great force. When approaching humans, however, they most often move in slowly and bite less hard. They soon discover that humans are not a high---fat meal. “They spit us out because we're too bony,” says Aidan Martin, director of Reef Quest Center for Shark Research.Shark researchers like Martin hypothesize that great whites are actually curious animals that like to investigate things. It's possible that they use their bite not only to kill and eat, but also to gather information. Although such an experience is unlucky for people like Craig Rogers, when sharks bite surfboards of other objects or people, they are likely just trying to learn what they are.练习：1. After Craig Rogers fell into the water, the shark __________.A) bit his surfboardB) bit his fingersC) swam awayD) attacked him2. It is difficult for the author to understand why great whites ________.A) often let humans escapeB) kill humansC) have so many teethD) grow to six meters or more3. Which of the following is closest in meaning to make up in line 2 of paragraph 4?A) create.B)are.C)increase.D)depend upon.4. The word their in line 2 of paragraph 4 means __________.A) people'sB) great whites'C) sea lions'D) seals'5. What is the main idea of the forth paragraph?A) Great whites eat low-fat, bony meals more slowly.B) Great whites see well enough to include seals, sea lions, and humans in their diet.C) We now know great whites don't mistake humans for other animals.D) There is reason to doubt that great whites see well enough to attack humans.1. 答案：C2. 答案：A3. 答案：B4. 答案：B5. 答案：CThe Travels of Ibn Battuta【伊本白图泰游记】“I left Tangier, my birthplace, the 13th of June 1325 with the intention of making the pilgrimage [to Mecca]...to leave all my friends both female and male, to abandon my home as birds abandon their nests.” So begins an old manuscript in a library in Paris-the travel journal of Ibn Battuta.Almost two centuries before Columbus, this young Moroccan set off for Mecca, returning home three decades later as one of history's great travelers. Driven by curiosity, he journeyed to remote corners of the Islamic world, traveling through 44 modem countries, three times as far as Marco Polo. Little celebrated in the West, his name is well known among Arabs. In his hometown of Tangier, a square, a hotel, a cafe, a ferry boat, and even a hamburger are named after him.Ibn Battuta stayed in Mecca as a student for several years, but the urge to travel soon took over. In one adventure, he traveled to India seeking profitable employment with the Sultan of Delhi. 0n the way, he described his group being attacked in the open country by 80 men on foot, and two horsemen: “we fought…killing one of their horsemen and about twelve of the foot soldiers…．I was hit by an arrow and my horse by another, but God in his grace preserved me…．We carried the heads of the slain to the castle of Abu Bak'har…and suspended them from the wall.” In Delhi, the sultan gave him the position of judge, based on his prior study at Mecca. But the sultan had an unpredictable character, and Ibn Battuta looked for an opportunity to leave. When the sultan offered to finance a trip to China, he agreed. Ibn Battuta set off in three ships, butmisfortune struck while he was still on the shore. A sudden storm grounded and broke up two ships, scattering treasure and drowning many people and horses. As he watched, the third ship, with all his belongings and slaves—one carrying his child—was carried out to sea and never heard from again.After a lifetime of incredible adventures, Ibn Battuta was finally ordered by the Sultan of Morocco to return home to share his wisdom with the world. Fortunately, he consented and wrote a book that has been translated into numerous languages, allowing people everywhere to read about his unparalleled journeys.练习：1. What is the passage mainly about?A) Visitors to Mecca.B) The adventures of Ibn Battuta.C) Ibn Battuta's character.D) Asian countries of the 14th century.2. Which of the following is closest in meaning to set off for in line 5?A) left to go toB) discussed.C) arrived at.D) decided upon.3. The Sultan of Delhi gave Ibn Battuta a position of judge because _____A) the sultan needed a translator.B) Ibn Battuta had been a judge before.C) Ibn Battuta had studied in Mecca.D) Ibn Battuta had traveled to many countries.4. Which of the following would the writer of this passage most likely agree with？A) Ibn Battuta's journeys were very common for people of that time.B) Ibn Battuta's stories are probably not true.C) Ibn Battuta's journey was less important than Marco Polo's.D) Ibn Battuta should be better known in the West today.5. Why did Ibn Battuta finally return to his home?A) He was tired of traveling.B) He didn't have any more money.C) He feared the Sultan of Delhi.D) The Sultan of Morocco asked him to return.1. 答案：B2. 答案：A3. 答案：C4. 答案：D5. 答案：D综合类B级：Income【收入】Income may be national income and personal income. Whereas national income is defined as the total earned income of all the factors of production—namely, profits, interest, rent, wages, and other compensation for labor, personal income may be defined as total money income received by individuals before personal taxes are paid. National income does not equal GNP(Gross National Product)because the factors of production do not receive payment for either capital consumption allowances or indirect business taxes, both of which are included in GNP. The money put aside for capital consumption is for replacement and thus is not counted as income. Indirect taxes include sales taxes, property taxes, and excise taxes that are paid by businesses directly to the government and so reduce the income left to pay for the factors of production. Three-fourths of national income goes for wages, salaries, and other forms of compensation to employees.Whereas national income shows the income that the factors of production earn, personal income measures the income that individuals or households receive. Corporation profits are included in national income because they are earned. Out of these profits, however, corporation profit taxes must be paid to government, and some money must be put into the business for expansion. Only that part of profits distributed as dividends goes to the individual; therefore, out of corporation profits only dividends count as personal income. The factors of production earn money for social security and unemployment insurance contributions, but this money goes to government(which is not a factor of production., not to individuals. It is therefore part of national income but not part of personal income.On the other hand, money received by individuals when they collect social security or unemployment compensation is not money earned but money received. Interest received on government bonds is also in this category, because much of the money received from the sale of bonds went to pay for war production and that production no longer furnishes a service to the economy.The money people receive as personal income may be either spent or saved. However, not all spending is completely voluntary. A significant portion of our income goes to pay personal taxes. Most workers never receive the money they pay in personal taxes, because it is withheld from their paychecks. The money that individuals are left with after they have met their tax obligations is disposable personal income. Disposable income can be divided between personal consumption expenditures and personal savings. It is important to remember that personal saving is what is left after spending.练习：1. This passage is mainly about _______。

12014年职称英语综合A考试范围综合类完形填空（今年没有增加新内容）11. School Lunch（学校午餐）Research has shown that over half the children in Britain who take their own lunches to school do not eat (1) ______ in the middle of the day. In Britain schools have to (2) ______ meals at lunchtime. Children can (3) ______ to bring their own food or have lunch at the school canteen. One shocking (4) ______ of this research is that school meals are much healthier than lunches prepared by parents. There are strict (5) ______ for the preparation of school meals, which have to include one (6) ______ of fruit and one of vegetables, as well as meat, a dairy item and starchy food like bread or pasta. Lunchboxes (7) ______ by researchers contained sweet drinks, crisps and chocolate bars. Children (8) ______ twice as much sugar as they should at lunchtime.The research will provide a better (9) ______ of why the percentage of overweight students in Britain has (10) ______ in the last decade. Unfortunately, the government cannot (11) ______ parents, but it can remind them of the (12) ______ value of milk, fruit and vegetables. Small changes in their children's diet can (13) ______ their future health. Children can easily develop bad eating (14) ______ at this age, and parents are the only ones who can (15) ______ it.词汇：canteen / kaen'ti:n / n.食堂，小卖部starchy / 'stɑ:tʃi / adj. (食物)含有大量淀粉的注释：1. ... twice as much sugar as ... ：……2倍的糖分……2. it can remind them of the ... ：提醒他们关于……练习：1. A) appropriately B) properly C) probably D) possibly2. A) give B) provide C) make D) do3. A) prefer B) manage C) want D) choose4. A) finding B) number C) figure D) factor5. A) standards B) procedures C) conditions D) ways6. A) piece B) portion C) bowl D) kilo7. A) examined B) found C) taken D) investigated8. A) take B) contain C) consume D) consist9. A) view B) knowledge C) understanding D) opinion10. A) increased B) expanded C) extended D) added11. A) criticise B) instruct C) order D) tell12. A) nutritional B) healthy C) positive D) good13. A) damage B) predict C) destroy D) affect14. A) behaviours B) styles C) attitudes D) habits15. A) prevent B) define C) decide D) delay答案与题解：1. B 本句意为“在英国超过一半以上的儿童将午餐带到学校去吃而不是在中午饭点正常吃”此处需要有“正当地，得体地”意思的副词。

(一)Ford Abandons Electric VehiclesThe Ford motor company’s abandonment of electric cars effectively signals the end of the road for the technology，analysts say．General Motors。

and Honda’ceased production of battery．powered cars in 1 999, to focus on fuel cell and hybrid electric gasoline engines, which are more attractive to the consumer．Ford has now announced it will do the same．Three years ago．the company introduced the Think City two—seater car and a golf cart called the THINK, or Think Neighbor．It hoped to sell 5，000 cars each year and 10，000 carts．But a lack of demand means only about l，000 of the cars have been produced，and less than 1。

700 carts have been sold so far in 2002．“The bottom line is we don’t believe that this is the future of environment transport for the mass market．”Tim Holmes of Ford Europe said on Friday．“We feel we have given electric our best shot”The Think City has a range of only about 53 miles and up to a six-hour battery recharge time．General Motors’EVI electric vehicle also had a limited range。

第1部分：词汇选项（第1～15题，每题1分，共15分）下面每个句子中均有1个词或者短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

1．Afterwards there was just a feeling of let down．A．excitement B．anger C．calm D．disappointment2．The committee was asked to render a report on the housing situation．A．copy B．furnish C．publish D．summarize3．The curriculum was too narrow and too rigid．A．hidden B．inflexible C．traditional D．official4．Heled a very moral life．A．honorable B．human C．intelligent D．natural5．The majority of people around here are decent．A．real B．honest C．normal D．wealthy6．His knowledge of French is fair．A．very useful B．verylimited C．quite good D．rather special7．The group does not advocate the use of violence．A．limit B．regulate C．support D．oppose8．The worst agonies of the war were now beginning．A．pains B．parts C．aspects D．results9．Itwas a magic night until the spell was broken．A．time B．charm C．space D．opportunity10．They are trying to identify what is wrong with the present system．A．prove B．discover C．consider D．imagine11．Several windows had been smashed．A．cleaned B．replaced C．broken D．fixed12．She felt that she had done her good deed for the day．A．homework B．act C．justice D．model13．London quickly became a flourishing port．A．major B．large C．successful D．commercial 14．His professional career spanned 16 years．A．started B．changed C．moved D．lasted15．His stomach felt hollow with fear．A．empty B．sincere C．respectful D．terrible 第2部分：阅读判断（第16～22题，每题1分，共7分）16．Some Dutch engineers are experienced in reclaiming land from the sea．A．right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned17．The islands are being built in the deep water of the sea．A．right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned18．Rocks for building the breakwater were taken from the World of Islands．A．right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned19．All the luxury homes on Palm Jurneriah were sold．A．right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned20．The water theme park in Jebel Ali will attract more tourists．A．right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned21．The Palm Deria will be the same size as Paris．A．right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned22．The World Islands are bigger than the Palm Jurneriah．A．right B．Wrong C．Not mentioned第3部分：概括大意和完成句子（第23～30题，每题1分，共8分）下面的短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第23 ~ 26题要求从所给的6个选项中为指定段落每段选择1个小标题；（2）第27 ~ 30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。