专题十七阅读理解之阅读新题型
1.【2015·北京卷】第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分。共 10 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出正确的填入空白处。选项中有两项为多余选项。
This Way to Dreamland
Daydreaming means people think about something pleasant, especially when this makes them forget what they should be doing. Daydreamers have a bad reputation for being unaware of what’s happening around them. They can seem forgetful and clumsy._71__They annoy us because they seem to be ignoring us and missing the important things. But daydreamers are also responsible for some of the greatest ideas and achievements in human history. __72__ Can you imagine what kind of world we would have without such ideas and inventions?
So how can you come up with brilliant daydreams and avoid falling over tree roots or otherwise looking like a fool?
First, understand that some opportunities(机会) for daydreaming are better than others. Feeling safe and relaxed will help you to slip into daydreams.__73_ And if you want to improve your chances of having a creative idea while you’re daydreaming, try to do it while you are involved in another task—preferably something simple, like taking a shower or walking, or even making meaningless drawings.
It’s also important to know how to avoid daydreams for those times when you really need to concentrate. “Mindfulness”, be ing focused, is a tool that some people use to avoid falling asleep.__74__
Finally, you never know what wonderful idea might strike while your mind has moved slowly away.____75_
Always remember that your best ideas might come when your head is actually in the clouds.
A. Having interesting things to think about also helps.
B. They stare off into space and wander by themselves.
C. Without wandering minds, we wouldn’t have relatively, Coke or Post-it notes.
D. At one time, daydreaming was thought to be a cause of some mental illnesses.
E. It involves slow, steady breathing for self-control that helps people stay calm and attentive.
F. Daydreams are often very simple and direct, quite unlike sleep dreams, which may be hard to understand.
G. Therefore, it’s a good idea to keep a notebook or voice recorder nearby when you’re in the daydream zone.
【解析】
【考点定位】生活类短文阅读
【名师点睛】本文是七选五常考的建议类说明文，第1、2自然段为概念的提出及导入，第3段明确了下文的内容：如何在“白日做梦”中趋利避害。文章结构清晰，干扰选项较易排除，整体难度不大，文章的主题“如何培养创新的想法”，除了理解整篇文章及选项外还要注意文章中的副词，代词，逻辑连接词以及特殊概念名词的出现。文章结构清晰，可读性强，提示词明显。因此，日常练习中要侧重以抓住文章结构及段落主旨为主，兼顾辨析选项，尤其是根据核心词排除干扰项的做题技巧。学生需要遵循先易后难的原则，来提高正确率。
2.【2015·江苏】任务型阅读 (共 10 小题; 每小题 1 分, 满分 10 分)
请阅读下面短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。
注意: 请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上。每个空格只填一个单词。
People select news in expectation of a reward. This reward may be either of two kinds. One is related to what Freud calls the Pleasure Principle, the other to what he calls the Reality Principle. For want of better names, we shall call these two classes immediate reward and delayed reward.
In general, the kind of news which may be expected to give immediate reward are news of crime and corruption, accidents and disasters, sports, social events, and human interest. Delayed reward may be expected from news of public affairs, economic matters, social problems, science, education, and health.
News of the first kind pays its rewards at once. A reader can enjoy an indirect experience without any of the dangers or stresses involved. He can tremble wildly at an axe-murder, shake his head sympathetically and safely at a hurricane, identify
himself with the winning team, laugh understandingly at a warm little story of children or dogs.
News of the second kind, however, pays its rewards later. It sometimes requires the reader to tolerate unpleasantness or annoyance — as, for example, when he reads of the threatening foreign situation, the mounting national debt, rising taxes, falling market, scarce housing, and cancer. It has a kind of “threat value.” It is read so that the reader may be informed and prepared. When a reader selects delayed reward news, he pulls himself into the world of surrounding reality to which he can adapt himself only by hard work. When he selects news of the other kind, he usually withdraws from the world of threatening reality toward the dream world.
For any individual, of course, the boundaries of these two classes are not stable. For example, a sociologist may read news of crime as a social problem, rather than for its immediate reward. A coach may read a sports story for its threat value: he may have to play that team next week. A politician may read an account of his latest successful public meeting, not for its delayed reward, but very much as his wife reads an account of a party. In any given story of corruption or disaster, a thoughtful reader may receive not only the immediate reward of indirect experience, but also the delayed reward of information and preparedness. Therefore, while the division of categories holds in general, an individual’s tendency may transfer any story from one kind of reading to another, or divide the experience between the two kinds of reward.
【答案】
71．rewards/rewarded 72．Explanations 73．involvement
74．share
75．threat
76．prepare
77．withdraw
78．profession(s)/intention 79．adapt
80．depends
【解析】
试题分析：文章结合弗洛伊德心理学理论，分析了不同人群对新闻报道的接受习惯和反应特征，从新闻类别、读者反应、异类互渗等角度考察了考生在信息检索、内容归纳、语言结构等方面的知识与能力。难度较14年有所下降，重点考查考察信息转换题，涉及词性和词义转换，学生“有据可循”，归纳概括题比例明显下降。
71．信息查找题。根据“People select news in expectation of a reward. This reward may be either of two kinds.”可知此处填rewards/rewarded“得到回报/被奖励”。
72．信息归纳题。文章二、三、四段是对“immediate reward（即时回报）”和“delayed reward （迟来的回报）”的解释。
73．信息转换题。根据第三段第二句“A reader can enjoy an indirect experience without any of the dangers or stresses involved.”可知此处填involvement“参与”。
74．信息归纳题。根据第三段中“A reader can enjoy an indirect experience without any of the dangers or stresses involved. He can tremble wildly at an axe-murder … laugh understandingly at a warm little story of children or dogs.”可知读者会将自己和新闻故事中发生的事紧紧联系在一起，和参与者有相似的感受。因此此处填share“同样有”。75．信息查找题。根据第四段中“It sometimes requires the reader to tolerate unpleasantness or annoyance — as, for example, when he reads of the threatening foreign situation, … It has a kind of ‘threat value.’”可知此处填threat“威胁”。76．信息转换题。根据第四段中“It is read so that the reader may be informed and prepared.”可知此处填prepare，与后面的介词for搭配“为……做准备”。
77．信息查找题。根据第四段中“When he selects news of the other kind, he usually withdraws from the world of threatening reality toward the dream world.”此处填withdraw “退出，离开”。
78．归纳概括题。根据最后一段中“For example, a sociologist may … A coach may …A politician may …”可知读者对新闻故事的期待很大程度上受他们职业的影响。此处填profession(s)“职业”/intention“意图，动机”。
79．信息查找题。根据第四段中“When a reader selects delayed reward news, he pulls himself into the world of surrounding reality to which he can adapt himself only by hard work.”可知此处填adapt“使适应”。
80．归纳概括题。根据最后一段中“while the division of categories holds in general, an individual’s tendency may transfer any story from one kind of reading to another, or divide the experience between the two kinds of reward.”可知这一分类取决于读者个体。此处填depends，和后面的介词on搭配“取决于”。
【考点定位】任务型阅读。
【名师点睛】任务型阅读一般的解题思路可归纳为四步曲，即“审题”→“略读”→“边细读边解题”→“复核”。“审题”，即看清题目及要求，做到有的放矢，心中有数。“略读”，指的是快速阅读、掌握大意。了解阅读材料的文体，作者的观点和态度。“边细读边解题”，指通过细读题目和文章中相关信息完成指定任务。考生应注意表格前的小标题，它通常是段落和表格的主题句，有助于理解文章。理解表格设计，表格一般包括列标题和行标题，通过阅读这些标题和表格里的内容，可迅速了解表格的结构和表格的设计原理，同时也可缩小信息范围，确定考查内容。根据已填的内容来推断所填之词的形式，是单词或词组。填写答案时要注意与已填部分的形式保持一致。同时要注意时态、语态、句式等。“复核”即检查核对初步完成的所要求的任务。注意拼写是否正确以及大小写等。
3.【2015·广东】信息匹配（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
请阅读下列应用文及相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息。请在答题卡上将对应题号的相应选项字母涂黑。
首先阅读下列活动介绍：
A. B.
C. D.
E. F.
请根据以下人物介绍选择他们可能参加的活动：
46. Edward Leonardo Norton, connoisseur of Chinese and Japanese antiques. He has a strong interest in classical Chinese literary works. He even starts going to evening classes to learn classical Chinese at Columbia University.
47. Daphne Sui-yuan Tan, former director of National Association of Photographers. After reading some history books on how the first group of Chinese immigrants survived in America of the 19th century, she has become keen on her own family history and that of others.
48. Sharon Collins, pop singer and amateur photographer. Her marriage with a serious music critic has drawn her to his world, so she is now crazy about classical music and will not miss any chance to attend a concert with her husband.
49. Michelle Higgins, eminent photographer and columnist for quite a few internationally-known travel magazines. Recently, she has shown great interest in photo exhibits which feature young artists with Islamic or Chinese background.
50. Caroline Hugo, famous writer and influential movie critic. Last year her fantasy story which involved the mysterious Forbidden City received critical acclaim. Now she is conceiving a romance that has Shanghai of the 1930s as the setting.
【解析】
试题分析：
46. F根据Edward Leonardo Norton 对于中国的古典文学作品感兴趣，并且去上夜校来学习古典汉语。选项F叙述的是Kunqu Society是中国古典的戏院，把唱歌、跳舞和中国文学作品联系起来。这正符合Edward Leonardo Norton的要求，故选F。
47. C根据Daphne Sui-yuan Tan对于自己的以及其他人的家族历史感兴趣。选项C叙述的是legacy of my Chinese Family，关于家族的历史，这正符合Daphne Sui-yuan Tan的要求，故选C。
48. B根据Sharon Collins是一名歌手和业余摄影师，她对于古典音乐非常感兴趣，她不错过参加音乐会的任何机会。选项B叙述的是Picking partners将在4月23日召开音乐会，这正符合Edward Leonardo Norton的要求，故选B。
49. D根据Michelle Higgins对于摄影展非常感兴趣。选项D叙述的是一次摄影展在4月24日在纽约举行，这正符合Edward Leonardo Norton的要求，故选D。
50. E根据Caroline Hugo写过关于紫禁城一个故事，选项E叙述的是Forbidden Delights要讨论关于紫禁城的城市。
【考点定位】信息匹配。
【名师点睛】本题介绍了这5个人有不同的爱好和需求，广告栏中介绍不同的活动情况及各自的联系方式，为不同的人找到他们可能需要参加的活动，此题主要考查学生的语篇理解的能力，以及查读所需信息的能力。
4.【2015·陕西】第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从下框的A~F选项中选出能概括每一段主题的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。选项中有一项为多余项。
A. The mistaken belief
B. The need for tolerance
C. Unpunctuality at dinners
D. Punctuality and confidence
E. Self-discipline and punctuality
F. Avoid anxiety by being punctual
61. A
There is the belief that, if you arrive at an appointment late, you will be considered important. This is a mistaken view. Being unpunctual, we are not respectful of others ; we are interfering (扰乱)with another man's time. We must realise that keeping appointments or being punctual is a contract that is silently agreed and we are expected to respect this contract. It is only natural that we lose faith, trust and confidence in a person who is tardy(延迟的).
62. E
To be punctual one has to have self-discipline(自律), and the lack of it affects others. A school boy or girl is unpunctual because he or she does not have the necessary human virtue of self-discipline. It is also a mark of disrespect for a system or an institution. Unpunctual people seldom realise that their habit cause problems to others.
A salesman who is not punctual may not make a sale if he arrives late for an appointment. If one is late for a job interview, it is not likely that he will get the job.
63. F
Being punctual, we can avoid anxiety. Imagine the anxiety if you do not want to be considered unpunctual. You will be anxious if you set out for a dinner late. The person who sets out late might be careless in driving. He will ignore traffic rules.
A traffic jam, flat tyres, etc. can delay him further. Happy and calm is the man who takes all these possibilities into consideration and arrives at the appointment either
early or on time.
64. C
Many of those who attend dinners are notorious (声名狼藉的)for unpunctuality. They ignore the appointed time and leave their homes only after the fixed time. They are indifferent to the inconvenience caused to others. If the self-centred guest arrives late, the nine others at the table set for ten will have to wait. The host is put in an unpleasant situation and this man seldom thinks of the inconvenience caused to all -the waiters, the management staff, etc. It is necessary for us to think of others and be considerate to them.
65 B
However, we cannot always be intolerant (无法容忍的) of tardiness, for ordinary living requires some tolerance. There can be a busy executive who fights to keep to his schedule. Such a person may be forgiven if he is late, but not those who are deliberately late to create impression.
In modern society, punctuality is a necessary virtue. It is a recognition of the importance of other people.
【解析】
试题分析：文章介绍的是人际交往中守时和自律的重要性，并介绍如何做到守时和自律。
61.考查段落大意：根据这段的句子： There is the belief that, if you arrive at an appointment late, you will be considered important. This is a mistaken view.可知这段的大意是：错误的观念，所以选A.
62.考查段落大意：根据这段的句子： To be punctual one has to have self-discipline(自律), and the lack of it affects others.可知这段的大意是：自律和守时，所以选E。63.考查段落大意：根据这段的句子： Being punctual, we can avoid anxiety. Imagine the anxiety if you do not want to be considered unpunctual.可知这段的大意是：避免守时造成的焦虑，所以选F。
64.考查段落大意：根据这段的句子： Many of those who attend dinners are notorious (声名狼藉的)for unpunctuality.可知这段的大意是：就餐时不守时，所以选C。
65.考查段落大意：根据这段的句子： However, we cannot always be intolerant (无法容忍的) of tardiness, for ordinary living requires some tolerance.可知这段的大意是：需要容忍，所以选B。
【考点定位】考查信息匹配
【名师点睛】这题考查信息匹配题是考查每个段落大意，要确定每个段落的大意首先要仔细阅读文章每个段落，特别注意每段的首句和尾句，最好划出题干中的定位词，和选项中的句子进
行对比这样可以更准确的抓住段落大意。
5.【2015·天津】阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题。
Six days a week, up and down the red hills of northeast Georgia, my grandfather brought the mail to the folks there. At age 68, he retired from the post office, but he never stopped serving the community.
On his 80th birthday, I sent him a letter, noting the things we all should be thankful for —good health, good friends and good outcomes. By most measurements he was a happy man. Then I suggested it was time for him to slow down. At long last, in a comfortable home, with a generous pension, he should learn to take things easy.
“Thank you for your nice words,” he wrote in his letter back, “and I know what you meant, but slowing down scares me. Life isn’t having it made; it’s getting it made.”
“The finest and happiest years of our lives were not when all the debts were paid, and all difficult experiences had passed, and we had settled into a comfortable home. No. I go back years ago, when we lived in a three-room house, when we got up before daylight and worked till after dark to make ends meet. I rarely had more than four hours of sleep. But what I still can’t figure out is why I never got tired, never felt better in my life. I guess the answer is, we were fighting for survival, protecting and providing for those we loved. What matters are not the great moments, but the partial victories, the waiting, and even the defeats. It’s the journey, not the arrival, that counts.”
The letter ended with a personal request: “Boy, on my next birthday, just tell me to wake up and get going, because I will have one less year to do things —and there are ten million things waiting to be done.”
Christina Rossetti, an English poet, once said: “Does the road wind uphill all the way? Yes, to the very end.” Today, at 96, my grandfather is still on that long road, climbing.
56. W hat was the author’s grandfather before he retired? (no more than 5 words)
57. What did the author advise his grandfather to do in his letter? (no more than 10 words)
58. What is the grandfather’s view on life according to his letter back? (no more than
10 words)
59. How do you understand the underlined sentence in the last paragraph? (no more than 10 words)
60. Do you agree with the grandfather’s view on life? Give reasons in your own words, (no more than 20 words)
【答案】
56. He was a postman. Or: He worked in a post-office.
57. He advised him to slow down (and take things easy). / He advised he/his grandfather (should) slow down.
58. The process is more important than the result.
Or: A man should not slow down however old he is.
Or: Life isn't having it made; it's getting it made. / It's the journey, not the arrival that counts.
59. My/His/The grandfather is still busy doing meaningful things.
Or: The grandfather is still living an active life.
Or: The grandfather is still involved in whatever he can do.
60. Yes. One should always be full of passion in his life no matter how old he is. Or: People should make full use of their time to do something meaningful
No. It is more sensible for people to slow down and enjoy an easy life in their old age.
Or: Slowing down contributes to better health and longer life for people in old age. 【解析】
试题分析：作者的爷爷曾经是名邮寄员，然而退休之后一直忙于做一些有意义的事情。作者写信给爷爷让他多休息休息，但爷爷回信说他任然坚持他的忙碌的生活。
56. 细节归纳题。根据文章第一段At age 68, he retired from the post office可以归纳出答案，注意字数的限制。
57. 细节归纳题。根据文章第二段Then I suggested it was time for him to slow down.可知作者在信中建议他爷爷放慢速度。特别注意动词advise的用法。
58. 细节归纳题。根据文章第四段It’s the journey, not the arrival, that counts等内容可以归纳出答案。
59. 句意猜测题。根据上文的内容可以推测出，他爷爷仍然在忙于做有意义的事情。
60. 开放题。首先要回答同意不同意他爷爷的生活观，并且陈述自己的理由。
【考点定位】阅读表达。
【名师点睛】本文是一篇记叙文。整体文章易懂，但题目设置灵活，总体难度中等。考生不但要从文章中找出答案，还要根据问题的设置归纳出相应的答案。书写答案的时候，考生要注意语法结构的正确以及字数的限制。
6.【2015·浙江】第二节:下面文章中有5个段落需要添加首句(第61-65题)。请从以下选项(A, B, C,
D, E和F)中选出适合各段落的首句，并在答题纸上将相应选项的标号涂黑。选项中有一项是多余选项。
A. Come in with something to say.
B. Prepare general comments.
C. Bring materials with you.
D. Don’t make them wait.
E. Have no fear.
F. Go it alone.
One of the best things you can do any time in the semester is go see the professor. So hoof on over to an office hour and have some one-on-one face time with someone who’ll help you master the material and improve your grade, to boot. But how should you have this conversation with the professor? Here are five insider tips about how to make that office hour really count:
61. No need to get all bent out of shape about going to see the professor. The professor
would actually like to see you and answer your questions. Believe it or not, he or she is on your side and is eager to see you do well. And besides, he or she has seen many students stupider than you, so nothing you’re gong to ask will set the record for stupidity.
62. Even though you might feel more comfortable going with a friend or partner, the
office hour will go better if it’s just you and the professor. You’ll get in more questions, the discussion will be tailored to what you need most help on, and two-party communication is almost always more productive than committee work. You friend can wait outside for the discussion.
63. If you can’t make the official office hours, most professors are willing to make
individual, appointments to help you out. If you’re lucky enough to land such an accomm odation, though, be sure you’re 100 percent on time. There’s nothing that
ticks off a professor more than making him-or herself available for a custom office hour only to find that you don’t care enough to come on time. And besides, the professor might leave after ten minutes, which would make your trip a total loss.
64. If you’re meeting with the professor to go over a paper or test, or to ask questions
about a particular lecture or reading, make sure you bring that paper or test, or your lecture notes or a copy of the article. The professor doesn’t remember the comments he or she wrote on your individual piece of work—though he or she will be able to recall them after just a brief glance at your work. And if you have your lecture notes or the article in hand, you and the professor will be able to examine specific points that are confusing to you, rather than just talking in a general way about the contents.
65. Office hours almost always go better if you bring a few specific questions to the
meeting. It’s almost never good to start a meeting with general comments such as:“I didn’t understand what you said about [main topic of the course]”or“I couldn’t understand any of your lectures last week.”Much better is to come in with two or three conversation-starte rs, about a specific concept, point, or problem you didn’t understand. Keep in mind that in a fifteen-minute office hour (which is how long these things usually last), two or three questions are usually the most you’ll have time to discuss.
【解析】
试题分析：文章给出了几个建议如何约见教授并开展对话以及一些注意事项
61. E 根据后面所说的一些内容可以得出答案，比如all bent out of shape 大发雷霆，理解上下文不难得出之所以不敢去问是因为害怕，教授会问你说stupid 愚蠢，因为he or she has seen many students stupider than you（教授见过比你更蠢的学生都有）。
62. F根据“go better if it’s just you and the professor.最好是只有你和教授两个人” 和“You friend can wait outside for the discussion你的朋友最好在外面等”说明你应该是独自一个人去的Go it alone.
63. D根据使用的几个词“on time”和 leave after ten minutes, 可以知道这个意思是Don’t make them wait.不能让教授等待，应该是准时，因为教授不会久等。
64. C根据第二行make sure you bring that paper or test, or your lecture notes or a copy of the article.确信带纸或者是试卷，说明你去之前应该是Bring materials with you.带一些材料。
65. A根据第四行Much better is to come in with two or three conversation-starters, about
a specific concept, point, or problem you didn’t understand.最好是带两个或3个观点、概念或者不明白的地方开始对话”，也就是准备几个要说的东西。此题容易错选B选项，而且文章中也的确提到了这个字眼“general comments”, 但是要注意前面所使用的一个词never 绝不” It’s almost never good to start a meeting with general comments”。
【考点定位】语篇段落题
【名师点睛】要求考生根据篇章内容和脉络，选出每段的首句，考查学生概括主题和查找主题句的能力。
这种题目的难度不大，需要正确理解后面所说的内容，因为首句是高度概括的句子。当然也要注意所使用的一些表达否定的词语比如说but， never，seldom，hardly 等。
7.【2015·安徽】任务型读写(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
阅读下面短文，根据所读内容在表格中的空白处填入恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填一个单词。
Put a group of strangers in a room together, and they'll probably start a conversation. "Hot today, isn't it?"one might say. "You said it." another replies.
Why do we talk so much about the weather? When we meet new people, we don't begin by telling them our life story. We start with small talk, a polite conversation about something like traffic or weather.
Research suggests that small talk can build new friendships. When we begin conversations with new people, we want to feel comfortable, and so do they. We use small talk to find common interests. Once we have a common interest, a friendship can begin.
Small talk even helps people get hired. In order to impress at a job interview, you need to bond with the interviewer right away. Proper small talk can make that first impression get you the job.
So, how can you make small talk lead to a new friendship or job? First off, find common ground. Select something around you that you share with the other person.
Next, keep the conversation going. Compliment (赞美) the other person to make himor her feel comfortable, and ask questions to show interest.
Third, keep eye contact (接触). When you look people in the eye, they feel you appreciate what they are saying. It makes you appear honest and builds trust.
Naturally, shy people might not have enough confidence to start up conversations with strangers. Talking to someone you don't know is not the easiest thing to do! Some experts
say with more practice, small talk does get easier.
Some people avoid small talk because they dislike discussing things like traffic or weather. For them, they are just too small. However, when you think about it, small talk is anything but small. In fact, it is actually a very big deal!
【答案】
76. Deal
77. first
78. Advantages/Benefits
79. new
80. job/position/post
81. shared
82. asking/rasing
83. trust
84. Practice/Practise
85. matters/means
【解析】
试题分析：文章主要讲的是简短对话的重要性。素不相识的人通常以讨论交通状况或天气来开始他们的交谈。做题时注意联系上下文提取有效信息，并注意是否需要进行词形转换。
76. Deal 根据最后一段“In fact, it is actually a very big deal!”可知，事实上，简短对话非常重要，a big deal是固定短语。
77. first 根据“Put a group of strangers in a room together...”可知，陌生人见面可
能会开始简短的聊天，由此可知，他们是首次见面。
78. Advantages/Benefits 根据第三段可知，简短的谈话可以帮助人们建立友谊，帮助人们找到工作，说明这里说的是好处或优点。
79. new 根据第三段“Research suggests that small talk can build new friendships.”可知答案。
80. job/position/post 根据第四段“Proper small talk can make that first impression get you the job.”可知答案。
81. shared 根据第五段“Select something around you that you share with the other person.”可知答案，这里用过去分词作后置定语。
82. asking/rasing 根据第六段“and ask questions to show interest”可知，通过提问问题来表示自己感兴趣，by后跟动名词。
83. trust 根据第七段“It makes you appear honest and builds trust.”可知，眼神接触能使人显得真诚，并在双方之间建立起信任。
84. Practice/Practise 根据倒数第二段“Some experts say with more practice, small talk does get easier.”可知，简短对话经过多加练习之后就会变得容易。
85. matters/means 根据最后一段“small talk is anything but small. In fact, it is actually a very big deal!”可知，简短对话不容小觑，事实上，简短对话很重要。matter 重要，相当于count。mean a lot to sb对某人来说意义重大。
【考点定位】社会类短文阅读
【名师点睛】做任务型阅读，考生需要先浏览表格的结构，对空白处所填词的词性、词形有一个初步的认识，接着需要从文中寻找相关信息，必要时还需要进行词形转换，还要考虑固定搭配、固定句型。最后一个空需要考生进行推理和总结，有一定的难度。
8.【2015·湖南】Section A (10 marks)
Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in the numbered blanks by using the information from the passage
Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.
Not all print dictionaries are the same, as you will notice when you select one. To make a wise selection, you should know how to distinguish among three kinds of print dictionaries: pocket, desk, and unabridged. You should also know the copyright date of your dictionary, and check is special features.
A pocket dictionary is small. Generally, it contains no more than 75000 entries, making it hardly to carry to class and efficient to use. However, a pocket dictionary
doesn't contain enough entries to be adequate for college reference homework. In addition, the information about each word in a pocket dictionary is generally limited.
A desk dictionary is medium sized, generally containing over 100,000 entries as well as extra features. For college work, you should own a current desk dictionary. An unabridged dictionary is a complete dictionary. Abridged dictionaries, such as pocket and desk dictionaries, are shortened. Because unabridged dictionaries contain nearly all English words, they are large and heavy. They are often used by schools and libraries.
If the copyright date of your current dictionary shows that it was published five or more years ago, consider investing in a more recent edition. English is a dynamic language that admits new words and recognizes changes in meaning, spelling, and usage of familiar words. This is reflected in an up-to-date dictionary.
In selecting a dictionary, check the features it offers besides vocabulary definitions. Many editions contain signs, symbols and foreign words. Some also contain CD-ROMs and access to special online features.
【答案】
71．Select
72．inadequate
73．word information
74．desk dictionary
75．extra features
76．large and heavy
77．schools and libraries
78．admitting new words
79．cheek
80．access to
【解析】
试题分析：本文讲述了三种字典的类型，旨在告诉读者如何根据需要去选择字典。71．Select; 本文讲述了三种字典的类型，旨在告诉读者如何根据需要去选择字典。故填Select.
72．inadequate;根据第二段中的第三句话：However, a pocket dictionary doesn’t contain enough entries to be adequate for college reference homework.可知作者认为口袋字典不能用来作为写家庭作业的参考。不能够胜任: inadequate for…。故填inadequate
73．word information;根据第二段的第四句话：the information about each word in a pocket dictionary is generally limited可知口袋字典里每个单词的意思是有限的。故填word information
74．desk dictionary;根据题目中的第二个方框里给出的信息可知作者写完pocket dictionary 后接着写第二种字典：desk dictionary。故填desk dictionary
75．extra features;根据第二段中的第五句话：A desk dictionary is medium-sized, generally containing over 170,000 entries as well as extra features.可知中等体积是desk dictionary的外特点。故填extra features
76．large and heavy; 根据第二段中的倒数第二句话：because unabridged dictionaries contain nearly all English words, they are large and heavy;故填large and heavy 77．schools and libraries;根据第二段的最后一句话：They are often used by schools and libraries. 可知unabridged dictionaries适用于学校和图书馆。故填schools and librarie 78．admitting new words;根据第三段的第二句话:可知英语是一种动态的语言，所以字典也应该及时地更新，允许心的单词加入。故填admitting new words
79．check;根据第四段的第一句话：In selecting a dictionary ,check the features it offers besides vocabulary definitions.可知题目中最后一个方框里的三条信息所讲的是选择字典时
要检查词汇意外的特点，故填check
80．access to;根据全篇章的最后一句话：Some also contain CD-ROMS and access to special online features.可知，故填access to
【考点定位】生活类短文阅读。
【名师点睛】要求考生根据篇章内容和所给题目，进行快速阅读，锁定关键词。考查学生分清条理和查找关键词的能力。这种题目的难度不大，需要根据正确理解文章所说的内容，确定关键句子，找出关键词。有时也需要因为所填内容的限制，将关键词变形，例如78题，原文给出的是admits new words，因为要跟reflecting English as a dynamic language和recognizing changes in meaning, 保持一致，故admits要变成admitting。
9.【2015·湖南】Section B (10 mark.)
Directions: Read the following passage. Answer the questions according to the information given in the passage.
Walk Out of the Comfort Zone and Try New Things
For most high school students, free periods are useless. From what I have seen, few do homework, instead many are on their phones and talking, making it impossible for those who actually want to do work to complete any. As a senior next year, I think extra periods should be used to take optional subjects.
Our school offers many classes. Now is the time to experiment in different fields of study. We will never know if we are interested or talented in a subject if we don't try it.
In my 8th grade, I was told that I had to take an art class as a graduation requirement; so in the 9th grade I took Studio and Art. One of the projects was to build a clay pot, but I built mine incorrectly, so it broke in the kiln (窑). I found out that I have no artistic ability at all, and now I know for sure that I do not want to be an artist. However, the class was one of my favorites that year. I was able to try new activities and test my ability.
Walk out of our comfort zone and try new things! College is when we should focus on a specific major, but high school is when we have to figure it out.
Half of all college students change their major at some point. By doing that hundreds of dollars are wasted on classes that they would have never needed to take. So use our extra periods to find out what we want to do in college. The classes we choose can impact us in future. Taking optional subjects will enrich our mind. It will also show colleges
2019年高考英语阅读七选五真题汇编(名师精选全国真题+详细解析答案，值得下载打印练习) (一) Moving into a new home in a new neighborhood is an exciting experience.Of course, you want to make sure that you become an accepted and valuable part of your new neighborhood.The easiest way to accomplish this is to make sure you conduct yourself as a good neighbor should.__31__ Perhaps one of the most important things you can do as a good neighbor is to keep your property (房产) neat, clean, and in good repair.__32__ By choosing to keep the outside of the home in great shape, you will help to improve the look and feel of the area. Second, take the overall appearance of the neighborhood seriously.When going for a walk, take along a small garbage bag.__33__ This small act will let your neighbors know that you care about the area. __34__ If a neighbor is going to be out of town, offer to collect mail and newspapers.If a neighbor suffers an illness, offer to do the grocery shopping.Let them know that you are there to help in any way that is acceptable, while still respecting the privacy of your neighbor. __35__ By following the basic rules of respecting others, taking care of what belongs to you, and taking pride in the appearance of the neighborhood in general, you will quickly become a good neighbor that everyone appreciates. A．In general, keep an eye on their property while they are gone. B．A good neighbor is also one who likes to help out in small ways. C. Being a good neighbor is more or less about considerate behavior. D．Sometimes neighbors may go to the supermarket together to do shopping. E．Should you come across waste paper thrown out of a passing car, pick it up. F．People tend to take pride in keeping everything in their street fresh and inviting. G．Here are a few tips to help you win over everyone in the neighborhood quickly. 语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章从四个方面说明了如何做个好邻居，介绍了几个帮你迅速地融入新的社区的小技巧。 31．选G第一段讲如果你想成为邻居中一个可以接受和有价值的部分，最简单的方法就是确保你的行为举止像一个好邻居应该有的。下文介绍了几种具体做法，故选G项“这里有一些技巧，可以帮助你迅速赢得邻居的信赖”，承上启下。 32．选F第二段介绍和邻居关系融洽其中一个最重要的事情是保持干净整洁的户内户
专题十七阅读理解之阅读新题型 1.【2015·北京卷】第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分。共 10 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出正确的填入空白处。选项中有两项为多余选项。 This Way to Dreamland Daydreaming means people think about something pleasant, especially when this makes them forget what they should be doing. Daydreamers have a bad reputation for being unaware of what’s happening around them. They can seem forgetful and clumsy._71__They annoy us because they seem to be ignoring us and missing the important things. But daydreamers are also responsible for some of the greatest ideas and achievements in human history. __72__ Can you imagine what kind of world we would have without such ideas and inventions? So how can you come up with brilliant daydreams and avoid falling over tree roots or otherwise looking like a fool? First, understand that some opportunities(机会) for daydreaming are better than others. Feeling safe and relaxed will help you to slip into daydreams.__73_ And if you want to improve your chances of having a creative idea while you’re daydreaming, try to do it while you are involved in another task—preferably something simple, like taking a shower or walking, or even making meaningless drawings. It’s also important to know how to avoid daydreams for those times when you really need to concentrate. “Mindfulness”, be ing focused, is a tool that some people use to avoid falling asleep.__74__ Finally, you never know what wonderful idea might strike while your mind has moved slowly away.____75_ Always remember that your best ideas might come when your head is actually in the clouds. A. Having interesting things to think about also helps. B. They stare off into space and wander by themselves. C. Without wandering minds, we wouldn’t have relatively, Coke or Post-it notes. D. At one time, daydreaming was thought to be a cause of some mental illnesses. E. It involves slow, steady breathing for self-control that helps people stay calm and attentive. F. Daydreams are often very simple and direct, quite unlike sleep dreams, which may be hard to understand.
三年（2017-2019）高考真题英语分项汇编 专题17 阅读理解新题型 I．阅读理解七选五 一、2019年高考真题 1. 【2019·全国卷I】 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Is Fresh Air Really Good for You? We all grew up hearing people tell us to “go out and get some fresh air.” ____36____ According to recent studies，the answer is a big YES，if the air quality in your camping area is good. ___37___ If the air you’re breathing is clean-which it would be if you’re away from the smog of cities-then the air is filled with life-giving，energizing oxygen. If you exercise out of doors，your body will learn to breathe more deeply，allowing even more oxygen to get to your muscles(肌肉)and your brain. Recently，people have begun studying the connection between the natural world and healing(治愈). _____38_____ In these places patients can go to be near nature during their recovery. It turns out that just looking at green，growing things can reduce stress，lower blood pressure，and put people into a better mood(情绪).Greenery is good for us. Hospital patients Who see tree branches out their window are likely to recover at a faster rate than patients who see buildings or sky instead. ______39______ It gives us a great feeling of peace. ___40___While the sun's rays can age and harm our skin, they also give is beneficial Vitamin D. To make sure you get enough Vitamin D—but still protect your skin— put on sunscreen right as you head outside. It takes sunscreen about fifteen minutes to start working, and that's plenty of time for your skin to absorb a day's worth of Vitamin D. A. Fresh air cleans our lungs. B. So what are you waiting for? C. Being in nature refreshes us. D. Another side benefit of getting fresh air is sunlight. E. But is fresh air really as good for you as your mother always said?
2019年高考英语真题全国I卷阅读理解部分：全文英汉对照翻译+解析+重点词汇 适用地区：河南、河北、山西、江西、湖北、湖南、广东、安徽、福建、山东 A篇 一、原文部分 Need a Job This Summer? 要找暑期工作吗？ The provincial government and its partners offer many programs to help students find summer jobs. The deadlines and what you need to apply depend on the program. 省政府及其合作伙伴提供了很多项目来帮助学生找到暑期工作。相关截止日期及所需的申请材料要取决于你所申请的项目。 Not a student? Go to the government website to learn about programs and online tools available to help people under 30 build skills, find a job or start businesses all year round. 如果您不是学生，也可登录政府网站，了解政府所出台的用于常年帮助30岁以下的人培养技能、找工作或创业的相关项目和在线工具。 Jobs for Youth 青少年工作岗位 If you are a teenager living in certain parts of the province, you could be eligible (符合条件) for this program, which provides eight weeks of paid employment along with training. 如果你是居住在本省的青少年，则你可能符合本项目的申请条件；申请成功后，该项目会向你提供八周的带薪工作及相关的培训。 Who is eligible: Youth 15-18 years old in select communities (社区). 符合条件的人：居住在精选社区的15到18岁的青少年。 Summer Company 暑期公司 Summer Company provides students with hands-on business training and awards of up to $3,000 to start and run their own summer businesses. 暑期公司（Summer Company）为学生提供亲身实践的商业培训，并提供高达3000美元的奖金，供他们开创并经营自己的暑期业务。 Who is eligible: Students aged 15-29, returning to school in the fall. 符合条件的人：年龄15-29岁，秋季返校的学生。 Stewardship Youth Ranger Program 年轻护林员项目 You could apply to be a Stewardship Youth Ranger and work on local natural resource management projects for eight weeks this summer. 今年暑期，你可以申请成为一名年轻护林员，投身当地自然资源管理项目中工作八周。 Who is eligible: Students aged 16 or 17 at time of hire, but not turning 18 before December 31 this year. 符合条件的人：受雇时年龄为16或17岁的学生，但不包括在今年12月31日之
英 语 __ __ __ 此 __ __ _号 __ -------------------- _ ___ __ _ __ __ __ _ _ -------------------- 868-4444.) __ __ 姓 ___ _ 答 __ __ __ __ 校 题 Hamilton _ . her __ 第 一节 (共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满 分 30 分) __ _ 考 _ _ 卷 _ _ _ origami (折纸术)artist invites a teenage talent and his teacher into her studio . Merri Milwe _ _ _ 名 _ __ Helen Mirren stars in the play by P eter Morgan, about Queen Elizabeth II of the UK and __ __ directs . Also starring Dylan Baker and Judith Ivey Previews begin Feb . 14. (Schoenfeld, 236 _ _ -------------绝密 ★启用前 2019 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国Ⅲ卷） 在 -------------------- 第一部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分 40 分) --------------------阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A 、B 、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A 生 _ OPENINGS AND PREVIEWS Animals Out of Paper Y olo! Productions and the Great Griffon present the play by Rajiv Joseph, in whi ch an 上 directs . In previews . Opens Feb .12.(West Park Presbyterian Church, 165 W .86th St .212 - The Audience --------------------private meetings with twelve Prime Ministers in the course of sixty years . S teph en Daldry W .45th St .212-239-6200.) 学 --------------------
2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（北京卷） 英语 第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分） 第一节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分） 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 A Onthe first day ofmy first grade, I stood by the door withbutterflies in my stomach. I 1（voice）my biggest concern to my mother. ＂How will I make friends?＂She handed me advice. ＂Be yourself.＂Forthepast 20 years. I have lived by these words. Soon I will graduate and become part of the real world. Nervously 2（face）challenges, Iknow I will whisper to 3（I）the two simple words＂Be yourself＂. B Earth Day, 4（mark）on 22 April, is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness about environmental protection. First celebrated 5 1970, the Day now includes events in more than 190 countries and regions（地区）. No matter what you like to do, there is a way to get involved in various 6（activity）on Earth Day. You can plant a tree, make a meal with locally grown vegetables, or save power—the possibilities are endless. C Does the name of the college you attend really matter? Research on the question 7 （suggest）that, for most students, it doesn’t. What students do at college seems to matter much more than 8 they go. The students benefitting most from college are those 9are totally engaged（参与）in academic life, taking full advantage of the c ollege’s chances andresources（资源）. Students should have a proper attitude towards college before thinking about which college to attend, and it’s never too early to make necessary preparations for a healthy and10 （meaning）college experience. 第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
文档说明： 1. 本文档经过本人认真校对并排版，能力有限，难免有不良之处。欢迎指出。 2.文档板式：中文字体是宋体五号；英文是Times New Roman 小四。页眉有内容提要，页脚有页码。 4. 全国II卷适用地区：甘肃、青海、黑龙江、吉林、辽宁、宁夏、新疆、内蒙古、陕西、重庆 2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国卷II） 英语阅读（含答案） 第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A My Favourite Books Jo Usmar is a writer for Cosmopolitan and co-author of the This Book Will series （系列）of lifestyle books. Here she picks her top reads. Matilda Roald Dahl I once wrote a paper on the influence of fairy tales on Roald Dahl's writing and it gave me a new appreciation for his strange and delightful words. Matilda's battles with her cruel parents and the bossy headmistress, Miss Trunchbull，are equally fumy and frightening, but they're also aspirational. After Dark Haruki Murakami It’s about two sisters —Eri, a model who either won’t or can’t stop sleeping, and Mari, a young student. In trying to connect to her sister, Mari starts changing her life and discovers a world of diverse "night people" who are hiding secrets. Gone Girl Gillian Flynn There was a bit of me that didn't want to love this when everyone else on the planet did, but the horror story is brilliant. There's tension and anxiety from the beginning as Nick and Amy battle for your trust. It's a real whodunit and the frustration when you realise what's going on is horribly enjoyable. The Stand Stephen King This is an excellent fantasy novel from one of the best storytellers around. After a serious flu outbreak wipes out 99.4% of the world's population, a battle unfolds between good and evil among those left. Randall Flagg is one of the scariest characters ever. 21. Who does "I" refer to in the text? A. Stephen King. B. Gillian Flynn. C. Jo Usmar. D. Roald Dahl.
绝密★启用前 2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国卷III） 英语 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. ￡19.15. B. ￡9.18. C. ￡9.15. 答案是C。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. ￡19.15. B. ￡9.18. C. ￡9.15. 答案是C。 1. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a library. B. In a bookstore. C. In a classroom. 2. How does the woman feel now? A. Relaxed. B. Excited. C. Tired.
新题型01 阅读理解七选五 阅读理解七选五这个题型要求在一段约300词的短文中留出5个空白，要求考生从短文后的七个选项中（均为完整的句子）选出五个能填入文章空处的最佳选项，其中两项为多余的迷惑选项，主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。其命题形式深受英语四六级和考研阅读多项选择题的影响，体现了《新课标》＂用英语获取、处理和运用信息的能力；逐步获取用英语思维的能力。＂的阅读学习和教学理念。该题型命题形式仍然具有客观题的特点，又与完形填空具有异曲同工之妙，只是选项少，以句子形式出现，考查目的和侧重点不完全相同而已。 从《考试说明》对该题型命题目的的表述＂主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。＂可以得出以下结论：该题备选项可分为主旨概括句（文章整体内容）、过渡性句子（文章结构）和注释性句子（上下文逻辑意义）三类。其多余的两个干扰项也往往从这三方面进行设置，例如主旨概括句或过于宽泛或以偏概全或偏离主题，过渡性句子不能反映文章的行文结构，注释性句子与上文脱节等。 文章体裁以说明文为主，语篇模式较为固定：提出问题——提供解决方案。文章题材较为固定：与学生的日常生活、学习紧密相关。 【题型分析】 分析篇章结构，把握全篇文脉是阅读填空题解题的关键，英语的语篇通常是由句子和语段构成的，语段是句子和语篇之间的中间层次，句子虽然能够单独地表达相对完整的思想，但是它不能表达多方面的、比较复杂的思想，只有把几个句子结合为较大的言语片段，才能表达一个相对独立的层意，所谓的＂积句而成章，积章而成篇。＂就是这个道理。 分析文章的层次包含两种形式：一种是分析整篇文章的层次，也就是段落，另一种是分析每一个段落内部的层次，也就是语篇层次。 语篇与段落是有区别的，语段是篇章结构的中间层次，是由句子到篇的一种过渡形式，段落（paragraph）是在某些语体（如记叙文、议论文）中比语段更大的意义单位，较小的
三年（2019-2021）高考真题英语分项汇编 专题17 阅读理解新题型 I．阅读理解七选五 一、2021年高考真题 1.【2021年新高考1卷】 expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard. It was so tiny that we had to leave our suitcases in the hallway. The place wasn't entirely authentic, though. Unlike a normal Parisian apartment, the plumbing （水管） perfect French. That is the only French phrase I mastered, and it's a shame l don't have much use for it. Parisians are different from you and me. They never look lazy or untidy. As someone noted in this paper like cardboard. Instead, they explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs. groceries. I bought a handful of perfectly ripe small strawberries and a little sweet melon. My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit we had ever eaten. But they cost ＄18! In France, quality of life is much more important than efficiency （效率）. You can tell this by café life. workweek seriously—so seriously that some labor unions recently struck a deal with a group of companies limiting the number of hours that independent contractors can be on call. A.Not all the customers are tourists. B.The quality of life in France is equally excellent. C.There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed. D.The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers. E.That's not the only reason the French eat less than we do. F.Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians. 1
江苏高考英语新题型中的任务型阅读试题解析 一、命题依据及考纲解读 根据江苏省对高考命题的要求，高考在全面考查“双基”的同时，注重学科能力的考查。《考纲》要求考生读懂简易的英语文学作品、科普文章、公告、说明、广告，以及书籍、报纸、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文章并回答相关问题。考生应能根据文中提供的信息，用恰当的词语完成与短文相关的图表。 任务型阅读是2008年《考试说明》中新增加的题型。从某种意义上来说，任务型阅读是客观题阅读到主观题的自然过渡，其能力要求在阅读理解以上、书面表达以下。任务型阅读文章的长度一般在500词左右，2008年高考江苏卷的任务型阅读文章为428词，2009年为539词，2010年为527词。文章多以议论文或说明文为主，属于比较“理性”的一类文体，其题材颇为广泛，涉及社会生活的众多领域。因其文字量相对较大，还需对文下的图表进行文字信息处理，所以江苏省高考指导说明（考试大纲）建议的答题时间为15分钟。此型题重点考查语言的综合运用能力，也可以理解为另一种方式的阅读，因此，考生必须具备一定的阅读和写作能力。任务型阅读题型的加入，其目的就是增加主观试题，培养学生语言知识能力，并对其进行考核，加大了主观题的考查力度，减少了学生在解答客观题时瞎蒙而猜中答案的概率，利于考查学生的真实英语水平。
二、考查内容 任务型阅读的阅读量较大，但阅读难度适中，一般原词与推理词的比例为7：3。如2011年江苏卷中能直接在原文中找到原词或形式须稍加变化的题有6个，需根据文章推断的题有4个；2012年能从文章中找到原词的题有5个，需把原文中词汇进行词性、词形变换的有3题，完全需要考生推理、归纳、总结后才能得出答案的有2题。任务型阅读题型的考查内容，我们可以把它归纳为以下几点： 1.理解原文中传达的信息，并结合表格的内容作出准确的判断。 2.正确判断和采集文章中所包含的关键信息（词或句）。 3.能灵活运用并恰当地进行句型或词性的转换。 4.能按英语的表达习惯正确使用英语解释。 5.善于总结、归纳要点。 三、能力要求 此题要求考生在读完一篇短文后，根据文中相关内容，填写表格中相应的项目。这实际上是对已阅读信息的二次加工。要求考生归纳概括文中要点，整合零散信息并把加工后系统化的信息以表格的形式有序地表达出来，使零散信息形象化、条理化、明朗化和简单化。通过阅读表格使读者能够迅速理清文章结构，获取主要信息，抓住段落主题，了解文章大意。该题属综合能力考查题，强调主观表达能力、语言理解能力和逻辑推断能力。所选
高考阅读理解真题解析翻译—2019年全国II卷（全文翻译，共9页） A My Favourite Books 我最喜欢的书 Jo Usmar is a writer for Cosmopolitan and co-author of the This Book Will series（系列）of lifestyle books. Here she picks her top reads. 乔·乌斯马是《四海为家》（Cosmopolitan）的作者，也是《这本书的遗嘱》（This Book Will）系列生活方式书籍的作者。在这里，她挑选了自己最喜欢的读物。 Matilda Roald Dahl I once wrote a paper on the influence of fairy tales on Roald Dahl's writing and it gave me a new appreciation for his strange and delightful words. Matilda's battles with her cruel parents and the bossy headmistress, Miss Trunchbull，are equally funny and frightening, but they're also aspirational. 《玛蒂尔达》 罗尔德·达尔 我曾经写了一篇关于童话对罗尔德·达尔写作的影响的论文，他那奇怪而令人愉快的话语让我耳目一新。玛蒂尔达与她残忍的父母和专横的女校长特伦奇布尔小姐的斗争是有趣且令人恐惧的，但同时玛蒂尔达的抗争也激起了人们心中斗志。 词汇： fairy tale神话故事；童话 appreciation n.欣赏；感激 cruel adj.无情的；残忍的 bossy adj.专横的；跋扈的 headmistress n.女校长 frightening adj.令人恐惧的 aspirational adj.有雄心壮志的：有抱负的 After Dark Haruki Murakami It’s about two sisters —Eri, a model who either won’t or can’t stop sleeping, and Mari, a young student. In trying to connect to her sister, Mari starts changing her life and discovers a world of diverse "night people" who are hiding secrets. 《黄昏以后》
2019高考英语阅读理解中猜测词意真题再体验【含解析答案】
Which of the following can best replace the phrase “signed off” in Paragraph 1?_______ A．ended all their programs B．provided fewer channels C．changed to commercials D．showed allnight movies 【解析】答案A词义猜测题。结合画线部分所在的句子“The set worked so beautifully when I first got it home that I would keep it on until stations signed_off for the night.”尤其是画线短语前面的I would keep it on说明作者非常喜欢看电视，一 直看到电视台停止播放节目为止，故A项“结束所有的节 目”与短语sign off “结束广播/电视节目”意义相近，为正确答案。 真题短文读一读 A man’s position among the black-tent people depends on his ancestors, relatives, and fellow tribesmen. If they are honored, he is also honored. If they are disgraced, he too is disgraced. Therefore one carefully guards the honor of his family, his lineage(宗系), and his tribe. The word “disgrace” means _________ in this text. A. honor B. endanger C. proud D. shame The ruler had been so cruel and dishonest that after the revolution he was banished. A few members of the Senate(参议院) opposed this decision, but the majority voted that the ruler should leave the country for ever. The underlined word “banished” mean_______. A. killed by stoning B. sent away C. imprisoned D. punished by whipping Although he often had the chance, Mr. Brown was never able to steal money from a customer. This would endangered his position at the bank, and he did not want to jeopardize his future. The word “jeopardize” means _____ in this text. A. protect B. endanger C. continue D. stop It was once common to regard Britain as a society with class distinction. Each class had unique characteristics. In recent years, many writers have begun to speak the 'decline of class' and 'classless society' in Britain. And in modern day consumer society everyone is considered to be middle class.