08年法学专业英语参考答案

2008年专四答案解析PART I DICTATIONChoosing a CareerWhen students graduate from college, many of them do not know how they want to spend their working lives, and they sometimes move from job to job until they find something that suit them and of equal importance to which they are suited. Others never find a job in which they are really happy. They remain all their lives square pegs in round holes. When we choose our careers, we need to ask ourselves two questions. First, what do we think we would like to be? Second, what kind of people are we? The idea, for example, of being a painter or a musician may seem very attractive, but unless we have great talent and are willing to work very hard, we are certain to fail in these occupations, and failure will lead to unhappiness in life. So it is important to assess our suitability for a certain career in job search.PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSIONSECTION A CONVERSATIONS1. A. 男士让女士确定开会的日期。

2008年 4 月河北省高等教育考试自学考试第二外语（法语）试卷（课程代码0841 ）答题说明：本试卷分试卷和答题纸两部分，考生用蓝、黑圆珠笔或钢笔在答题纸上作答，将答案写在试卷上无效。

Ⅰ. 1.选出划线部分读音与每组词汇不同者。

（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）1. a. examen b. membrec. champd. enfant2. a. élève b. ellec. avezd. fermer3. a. chef b. selc. tellementd. tenir4. a. cahier b. villec. reveild. yeux5. a. quai b. étéc. essaid. effet6. a. sac b. kakic. bancd. cinq7. a. ombre b. monc. salond. bonne8. a. tenez b. mesc. élèved. parler9. a. accent b. accordc. accuserd. commence10. a. enfant b. ennemic. entrerd. renge2. 在每小题的备选答案中选出错误的名词。

（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）11. a. un accord b. un achatc. un adressed. une affaire12. a. une date b. un débutc. un déchetd. une départ13. a. une chanson b. un cheminc. une chiffred. une classe14. a. une maladie b. un maleurc. une mandatd. un manteau15. a. un mur b. un journalc. une chaised. une magasin16. a. un page b. un painc. une paixd. une panne17. a. une cours b. une heurec. un pland. un journal18. a. une lettre b. un livrec. une chambred. une midi19. a. un patron b. une peinec. une peurd. un photo20. a. une phrase b. un pianoc. un piedd. un piscine Ⅱ. 选择题（本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分）21. Il est agréable ______ dans la neige.A. marcheB. marcherC. de marcherD. merchant22. Quel _____ objet ! Je le veux.A. belleB. beauxC. beauD. bel23. _______－ vous.A. Le lui chantezB. Chantez le-luiC. Lui le chantezD. Chantez-lui-le24. Pour _____ a-t-il l’intention de voter.A. queB. à quiC. quiD. où25. _______ homme est très honnête.A. CetB. CetteC. CeD. C’est26. Voici vingt et _____ francs.A. uneB. unC. unsD. deux27. ______ l’argent et _____ ce que tu veux.A. Prend …achèteB. Prends …achèteC. Prends …achètesD. Prend …achètes28. Il est trop jeune pour _____ comment on fait.A. conaîtreB. pouvoirC. savoirD. vouloir29. Je n’ai entendu _____ arriver.A. rienB. plusieursC. chacunD. personne30. Ce serait ______ drôle.A. plus tôtB. plutôtC. plu tôtD. plutôt que31. Ce n’est pas loin, on peux y aller _____ pied ou _____ voiture.A. à… enB. en… enC. à…àD. en …à32. En décollant, l’avion est passé juste _____ nous.A. surB. dessusC. au-dessus deD. sous33. ______ France du ⅩⅨsiècle, tous les enfants ont commencé à aller___ classe.A. En…enB. Dans la …enC. En …dans laD. Dans la …dans la34. Ils sont allés _____ Chine et _____ Japon.A. à…àB. en …auC. en …enD. au …en35. L’autobus viendra _____ quelques minutes.A. dansB. aprèsC. avantD. en36. La fille ____ vous a pris la photo est très belle.A. quiB. queC. oùD. laquelle37. Paris est _____ ville la plus grande de France.A. leB. laC. lesD. des38. Voilàl’ époque _____ des pêcheurs se sont installés sur l’ île de la Cité.A. quiB. queC. oùD. lequel39. Voila deux voitures, _____ préférez-vous ?A. queB. quiC. laquelD. celle40. Marie est obligée de retourner chez _____.A. elleB. luiC. moiD. euxⅢ. 填空题（本大题共10空，每空1分，共10分）41. La plupart des amis (arriver) _______ hier.42. Il lisait un roman, quand sa mère (entrer) ________ dans la chambre.43. Ils ont dit qu’ils (partir) ________ le lendemain.44. Je ne vois personne qui (savoir) _________ conduire.45. Si j’ai du temps, je (aller) _________ àl’ étranger.46. Si j’avsis de l’argent, je (acheter) ___________ un bel appartement.47. Quand j’irai voir ma cousine, elle (partir) ________ déja.48. (Attendre) ___________, ne t’impatiente pas.49.Hier, j’ai vu mon amie dans la rue, nous (se dire) _______ bonjour, et(entrer)_______ dans un café.Ⅳ. 问答题阅读下面短文，并回答问题。

08年专四真题答案解析20作为每一年都备受关注的考试，2008年的专四考试同样引起了广大考生的关注和热议。

考试内容和形式一直是考生们关心的焦点，因此，对于2008年专四真题的解析是考生们备考过程中不可或缺的一部分。

下面将对2008年专四真题进行解析，帮助考生们更好地理解题目，为备考做好准备。

首先，我们来看一下2008年专四英语听力部分的真题解析。

听力部分是考生们备考中相对较难的一部分，需要考生具备较强的听力理解能力和快速反应能力。

2008年专四听力部分的内容涵盖了日常生活中的各个方面，如社交、旅游、工作等。

考生需要通过听力材料来理解并把握相关信息，然后根据听到的内容，回答相应的问题。

在备考过程中，考生可以通过多听英语材料，提高自己的听力水平，并进行听力训练，以便更好地应对考试。

接下来，我们来看一下2008年专四英语阅读部分的真题解析。

阅读部分是考生们备考中相对容易掌握的一部分，但也需要考生具备一定的阅读理解能力和分析问题的能力。

2008年专四阅读部分的题目主要涉及到文章的主旨、细节、推理和态度等方面。

考生需要通过阅读理解文章的内容，然后回答相应的问题。

在备考过程中，考生可以通过阅读各种英文材料，积累阅读的经验，提高自己的阅读水平，并进行相关的练习，以便更好地应对考试。

最后，我们来看一下2008年专四英语写作部分的真题解析。

写作部分是考生们备考中相对较难的一部分，需要考生具备较强的写作能力和表达能力。

2008年专四写作部分的题目主要涉及到日常生活中的各个方面，如教育、环保、社交等。

考生需要根据题目要求和所给的提示，写一篇符合语法和逻辑连贯的文章。

在备考过程中，考生可以通过练习写作，不断积累写作素材和提高写作水平，以便更好地应对考试。

总结来说，2008年专四真题的解析对于考生们备考是非常重要的。

通过对听力、阅读和写作部分真题的解析，考生们可以更全面地了解到考试的内容和形式，为备考做好准备。

在备考过程中，考生们可以通过听力训练、阅读练习和写作练习，提高自己相应的能力，以便更好地应对考试。

side the case was a second—hand violin for seven dollars.
No one could know how 18 I was when I took my violin to school for my first
lesson. Several years later, I became famous as a violinist. And then, I carefully 19
the violin away.
Now 20 this ad, I discovered the case deep in my clostable. Then I picked up the 21 , walked to the telephone and called the number.
22.（ ） A. badly B. easily C. quickly D. luckily
23.（ ）A. Ninety B. Tw enty C. Seven D. Five
24.（ ）A. repeated B. showed C. reminded D. suggested
2. — Has --------called the police?
— Yes, Jim has.
A. everyone B. anyone C. no one D. one
3. There’s nothing than going out in the cold with wet hair.
先通读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个可以填入相应空白处的最佳答案。
" Wanted: A violin. Can’t pay much. Call…"

2008年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语本试卷分第一卷（选择题）和第二卷（非选择题）两部分。

第一卷1至14页。

第二卷15-18页。

考试结束，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一卷注意事项。

1.答题前，考生在答题卡上务必用直径0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号填写清楚，并贴好条形码。

请认真核准条形码上的准考证号、姓名和科目。

2.每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案示号，在试题卷上作答无效。

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.ξ19.15B.ξ9.15C.ξ9.18案是B。

1.Whatistheweatherlike?A.It’sraining.B.It’scloudy.C.It’ssunny.2.WhowillgotoChinanextmonth?A.Lucy.B.Alice.C.Richard.3.Whatarethespeakingtalkingabout?A.Themen’sB.AfilmC.Anactor4.Wherewillthespeakersmeet?A.InRoom340B.InRoom314C.InRoom2235.Wheredoestheconversnienmostprobablytakeplace?A.InarestaurantB.InanofficeC.Athome第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

全国2008年7月高等教育自学考试综合英语(一)试题课程代码：00794I. 用适当的语法形式或词汇填空。

从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并将其代码填在答题纸相应的位置上。

(本大题共20小题，每小题1分，共20分)1. I planned（）the task before last Sunday, but failed because of a bad cold.A. to finishB. to have finishedC. finishingD. having finished2. Tom has been writing letters all morning, but he should finish them by now,（）?A. has heB. hasn’t heC. should heD. shouldn’t he3. We can make some changes in the plan（）you find anything improper.A. in caseB. unlessC. so thatD. even though4. The manner in which he talked reminded me（）his grandfather.A. inB. byC. ofD. towards5. He has made another wonderful discovery,（）of great importance to science.A. I think which itB. which I think isC. that I think isD. which I think it is6. It’s 10∶00 a.m. Mr. Johnson（）home now, for he told me that he would meet me in his office at this time.A. must beB. mustn’t beC. can beD. can’t be7. If only we（）as we were told! This would never have happened.A. didB. had doneC. would doD. would have done8. The key（）success is hardworking and persistence.A. onB. forC. toD. of9. For nearly three hours we waited for the decision, only（）to come again the next day.A. to tellB. to be toldC. being toldD. telling10. In our opinion, there is much（）in their proposal.A. to improveB. improvingC. to be improvedD. to have been improved11. Hardly had he rushed out of the gate（）the whole building collapsed right behind him.A. whenB. thanC. thenD. that12. His report is（）it gives a quite clear idea of every fact.A. written as well thatB. written too well thatC. written so well thatD. written well so as13. The book is much too difficult for me; most of it is quite（）my understanding.A. overB. behindC. againstD. beyond14. She will have some visitors tomorrow, so the has to have somebody（）her six-bedroom house today.A. cleanedB. cleaningC. cleanD. to be cleaned15. The wife blamed the husband for not having told her that they were（）short of money.A. turningB. runningC. goingD. proving16. It is hardly（）that I shall be able to present on the occasion.A. possiblyB. feasibleC. incredibleD. likely17. John won’t go hunting tomorrow, and（）.A. won’t his brother neitherB. won’t his brother eitherC. neither his brother willD. neither will his brother18. However hard I tried, I could not（）him that he was wrong.A. believeB. ensureC. convinceD. persuade19. After three days, he came（）. But staring at his wife and children, he could recognize none of them.A. outB. upC. acrossD. to20.（）to our disappointment, all our efforts were proved useless.A. ManyB. MuchC. MoreD. SuchII. 认真阅读下面两篇短文，每篇短文后有五个问题。

2008年全国法律硕士联考真题答案详解专业综合课一、单项选择题1．【答案】 B【解析】A选项霍布斯主张规范论，C选项卢梭强调意志论，D选项庞德提出社会控制论，故B项正确。

2．【答案】C【解析】规范性法律文件是由国家制定或认可的，具有普遍性、规范性和强制性。

A、B、D项仅针对特定主体，不是规范性法律文件，属于非规范性法律文件。

规范性法律文件首先应该是国家机关制定的，其次应具有普遍性。

本题中AC是国家制定的，但A不具有普遍性。

规范性法律问题多次考核，注意区。

核心就在于是否具有普遍性。

3．【答案】 B【解析】根据法律调整是否允许当事人进行自主调整，即按照自己的意愿自行设定权利和义务，可以把法律规则分为任意性规则与强行性规则。

前者是指法律规则的适用与否由主体自行协商的规则；后者是指规定的内容具有强制性。

题目中的这一规定显然不具有强制性，因此这一规范首先属于任意性规范。

而需要援引其他相应内容规定的规则为准用性规则。

内容尚未确定，而只规定某种概括性指示，由相应国家机关通过相应途径或程序加以确定的法律规则是委任性规则，题目中的规定已经十分详细。

故本题应选B。

4．【答案】 D【解析】法律关系的权利和义务是对立统一关系，二者相互依存，没有无义务的权利也没有无权利的义务，A项错；权利可以成为特定法律关系的客体，如股权，B项错；权利和义务不可互相替代，两者是不同的概念，C项错；在特定情况下，有些权利同时也是义务，如劳动权，D项正确。

5．【答案】 C【解析】法的规范作用主要包括几个方面：指引、评价、预测、教育、强制。

法的评价作用是指法作为人们对他人行为的评价标准所起的作用。

对于法的五种规范作用，可以简化记忆如下：指引自己、评价别人、预测对方、教育大众、强制坏蛋。

因此答案选C。

6．【答案】 C【解析】根据不同标准，法律可分为以下几类：(1)按照法律适用范围的不同可以将法律分为一般法与特别法；（2）根据法律创制方法和表达方式不同可以分为成文法和不成文法；（3）按照规定内容不同可以分为实体法和程序法；（4）按照法律的地位、效力内容和制定主体的不同可以分为根本法和普通法；（5）根据制定主体不同可以分为国内法和国际法。

Part I Listening ComprehensionDirections: This part is to test your listening ability. It consists of 3Sections. Section A DialoguesDirections: This section is to test your ability to understand short dialogues. There are 10 recorded dialogues in it. After each dialogue, there is a recorded question. The dialogues and questions will be spoken twice. When you hear a question, you should decide on the correct answer from the 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Then, you should mark the corresponding letter on the Answer sheet with a single line through the centre.1. A. Two students. B. A teacher & a student.C. A boss & his secretaty. D．Father & daughter.2. A. Japanese. B. Spanish. C. Chinese. D. English.3. A. She is nice. B. She does not talk a lot.C.She talks too much．D. He likes her very much．4. A. The woman should buy some jewelry instead.B. The woman should buy a battery from the Smith's Jewelry.C. He knows what’s wrong with the woman’s watch．D.The jewelry store can probably repair the woman’s watch.5. A. In a restaurant. B. At a travel agency.C. At the man’s home.D. At the airport.6. A. 5:00 B. 5:30 C. 6:00. D. 6:307. A. Go to bed early. B. Go to the cinema.C. Go over his notesD. Prepare for his lessons.8. A. go home. B. take the examC. have lunchD. go swimming9. A.￥150. B.￥100. C. ￥75. D.￥50.10. A. Pleasant. B. Boring. C. Disappointing. D. BusySection B Spot DictationDirections: This section is to test ur ability to comprehend a short passage. The short passage will be read three times. When the passage is read for the first timer,you should listen carefully for its general idea. Then listen to the passage again. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 11 to 15 with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.The first impression you make on a 11 employer is the most important one. The first judgment an interviewer makes is going to be 12 on how you look and what you are wearing. That's why it's always important to dress 13 for a job interview, ever if the workenvironment is 14Y ou'll want that first impression to be not just a good one, but, a great one. A 15 dressed in a suit and tie is going to make a much better impression than one dressed in scruffy jeans and a t-shirt.Part II Vocabulary and StructureDirections: In this section there are 10 incomplete sentences. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet witha single line through the center.16. The traditional approach with complex problems is to break them downinto smaller, more easily managed problems."A. to dealingB. in dealingC. dealingD. to deal17. I don't mind the decision as long as it is not too late.A. you to delay makingB. your delay makingC. your delaying to makeD. you delay to Mke18. Can you your visit for a few days more?A. enlargeB.expandC. exploreD. extend19. I’m very sorry to have bothered you with so many questions on such a(n) .A.chanceB. opportunityC. occasionD. situation20. What a lovely party! It’s worth all my life.A. rememberingB. to rememberC. to rememberedD. being remembered21. The meaning of the word can easily be settled if we a good dictionary.A. askB. demandC. ConsultD. inquire22. Wherever you go, you should your family and friends back home.A. keep in touch withB. keep pace withC. Keep up withD. keep from23. According to the weather forecast, which is usually , it will rain thisafternoon.A. exactB. accurateC. perfectD. precise24. we have all the materials ready, we should begin the new task at once.A. Now thatB. Since nowC. By nowD. Since that25. It is essential that these application forms back as early as possible.A. must be sentB. will be sentC. are sentD. be sentPart III Reading ComprehensionDirections: This part is to test your reading ability. There are some 4 tasks for you to fulfill. Y ou should read the reading materials carefully and do the tasks as you are instructed.Task 1Directions:There is one passage in this task. After reading the passage, you will find 5 questions or unfinished statements numbered 26 through 30. For each question or statement there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should make the corrected choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.The better defined your hiring process is, the more easily, it will be adhered to. I suggest that you use a multi-stage interviewing process by which the candidate meets with multiple people to provide different opinions and input on the hiring-decision. Again, keep all notes taken during theinterview. These notes should be factual and should detail bservations made by the people conducting the interview as well as quotations of the candidate’s reponses to questions．There should be no inferences made about a candidate in any notes，and no notes should be taken on a resume（简历）．Pre-determine three to six questions that will help you uncover the capability of each applicant and ask those same questions to each person that is interviewed．These initial questions will serve as a departure point to base other follow-up questions on. By using the same question in different ways and you will also be able to draw close com parisons between each candidate’s responses，which will help you determine the best match for the position.Developing that interviewing process a little further, time limits should be set on responses to candidates．Today’s job market changes so rapidly that waiting more than 72 hours to inform a candidate how he or she did in an interview is an eternity（永远）. Many candidates have multiple interviews within one or two days and plan to take the first job offered that meets their salary and benefits demands. Hired or not, as a candidate, it is much easier to keep a positive frame of mind about a company that is responsive, shows an interest in your success as an individual, and provides feedback （反馈）about an interview within one or two days. Waiting to make a decision about candidates is how other companies manage to hire the “perfect fit”right out from under you!26. As for an interview, the author suggests that .A. there should be more than one interviewer in the interviewing processB. only the applicants’ responses to questions should be noted and recorded.C. interviewers should make some notes on the margins of the candidates’ resumesD. interviewers should ask whatever questions that may help decide the perfect fit27. The passage i s m ai nly about .A. how to pre-determine questions in an interviewB. how to respond to candidates after an interviewC. how to arrange the interviewing process properlyD. how to decide the best match during an interview28. By "waiting more than 72 hours to inform a candidate how he or she did in aninterview is an eternity" in Line 2 of Paragraph 3, the author means .A. it’s boring for a candidate to wait more than 72 hours to know the result of aninterviewB. it’s too long to keep a candidate waiting over 72 hours to know the result of theinterviewC. it's necessary for a candidate to wait 72 more hours because it takes time to makedecisionsD. it's outdated to inform the candidates the result of the interview after more than72 hours29. According to the passage, tine limits should be set on responses to candidatesmainly because .A. today’s job market changes very rapidlyB. candidates usually attend many interviewsC. it helps interviewers gain the initiative to hire the perfect matchD. candidates finds it boring to wait a 'long time to know the result30．"The phrase "departure point'，in Line 3 of Paragraph 2 refers to .A. the conclusion pointB. the starting pointC. the leaving pointD. the Central point’Task 2Directions: This task is the same as Task 1．The 5 questions or unfinished statements are Numbered 31 through 35.Y ou should make the corrected choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre．One hundred and thirteen million Americans have at least one bank-issued credit card.. They give their owners automatic credit in stores, restaurants, and hotels at home, across the country, and -even abroad; and they make many banking services available as well. More and more of these credit cards can be read automatically, making it possible to withdraw or deposit money in scattered-locations, whether or not the local branch bank is .open. For many of us the "cashless society" is not on the `horizon--it's already here.While computers offer these conveniences to consumers, they have many advantages for sellers too. Electronic cash registers can do much more simply ring up sales. They can keep a wide range of records, including who sold what, when, and to whom. This information allows businessmen to keep track of their list of goods by showing which items are being sold :and how fast they are moving. Decisions to reorder or return goods to suppliers can then be made. At the same time these computers record which hours ate busiest and which employees are the most efficient ,allowing. personnel and staffing assignments to be made accordingly. And they also identify preferred customer for promotional campaigns. Computers are relied on by .manufacturers for similar `reasons: Computer-analyzed marketing reports can help to decide which products to emphasize now, -which to develop for the future, and which to drop .Computers keep track of goods in stock, of raw materials on hand, and even. of the production process: itself.Numerous other commercial enterprises, from theaters to magazine publishers, from, gas and electric utilities to milk processors, bring better end more efficient services to consumers through the use of computers.31. According: to the passage, the credit card enables its owner to .A. withdraw as much money from the bank as he wishes.B. obtain more convenient services than other people do.C. enjoy greater trust from the storekeeper.D. cash money wherever he wishes to.32. From the last sentence of the first paragraph we learn that .A. in the future all the Americans will use credit cards.B. credit cards are mainly used in the United States today.C. nowadays many Americans do not pay in cash.D. it is now more convenient to use credit cards than before.33. The phrase "ring up sales" most probably means .A. make an order of goods.B. record sales on a cash register.C. call the sales manager.D. keep track of the goods in stock.34. What is this passage mainly about?A. Approaches to the commercial use of computers.B. Conveniences brought about by computers in business.C. Significance of automation in commercial enterprises.D . Advantage of credit cards in business．35. It can be inferred that .A. computers will bring disaster.B. computer industry will not develop faster.C. computers will bring about more convenience to people's 1ife;．D. computers will replace human beings in the future．Task 3Directions: Read the. following passage．After reading it; you should give brief answers to the 5 questions (No. 36 to No. 40). The answers should bewritten after the corresponding numbers on the Answer Sheet.Although. credit cards are becoming more .acceptable part of the financial scene, they are still regarded with suspicion by many as being a major part of the “live now pay later" syndrome. Along With hire; purchase, rental and leasing schemes, they provide encouragement to spend more money. Of course, it is only the foolhardy who succumb to the temptation to live, temporarily at least; beyond their means, and such people would not doubt manage to do so even without credit cards.Advertising campaigns have, however, promoted a growing realization of the advantages of these small pieces of plastic. They obviate the need to carry large. amounts of cash and are always useful in emergencies. All the credit card organizations charge interest on a monthly basis which may work out as high as 25 percent a year, yet judicious purchasing using a card can mean that you obtain up to seven weeks interest free credit. Using the card abroad where items frequently take a long time to be included on your account can extend the period even further.It is worthwhile shopping around before deciding on particular credit card. I t’s necessary to consider the amount of credit granted interest rates which may vary slightly the number and range of outlets though most cards cover major garages, hotels, restaurants and departments stores and of course what happens if your card is lost or stolen. A credit card thief may be sitting on a potential gold mine particularly if there is delay in reporting the loss of the card.However, if used wisely, a credit card can cost nothing or at least help to tide you over a period of financial difficulty.36. Many people suspect that credit cards lure people to .37. The author seems to believe that even in the absence of credit cards, some people would undoubtedly .38. In Para. 2, in addition to the advantages of no need to carry cash and being usefulin emergency, what else is said to be the advantage of credit cards?.39. What’s the main i dea of Para 3？40. The author holds a attitude towards credit cards.Task 4Directions：Read the following passage and complete the outline below it (No．41 through No. 45).Y ou should write your answers briefly on the answer sheet correspondingly.During the holiday break, I finally got around to a promise I made to my mom and dad—to remotely access their PC—to help troubleshoot problems or questions they have about their Dell laptop.A while ago, I download GoToMyPC on my, computer, which allows you to access your computer from any other computer. The other day, my mom logged into my account, which brought her to a "My Computers" page of a three-PC account. She clicked on "enable this computer," to install the GoToMyPC software. Within minutes, I saw her computer listed on the" My Computers" page; clicked on it, and her computer home page popped up in a. window on my screen.They're in Florida, I’m in New Jersery, but I could easily replace a toolbar that disappeared from their screen and desktop icons my mom wished she hadn’t cleared away.I also like that I'll be .able to do some basic maintenance on their computer from my home hundreds of miles away. And if my mom has questions, we can be looking at her computer together while on the phone.GoToMyPC costs $20 a month for one computer, or $179.40 a year. Two PCs cost $30 a month or $279.40. For each additional PC, it’s $15 a month or $135 a year. But reader and Chris Null have also recommended a free application, Microsoft Windows Remote Desktop; which is part of Windows XP Professional and Media Center.Y ou need to manually type in the IP address of the host computer. Here’s the Microsoft instructions page if you want to check out this option.Other reader suggested another free app, LogMeIn, which gets good reviews for providing remote access and file sharing between computers．If you’ve used either free remote access option, let us know how it's worked out．Technology ReviewThe first device reviewed: 41Functions of the first device:a)enables one to 42 of another PC remotely;b)allows one to access one’s computer from elsewhere;c)enables basic maintenance from a distance.Cost of the first decice to be installed in 3 PCs: 43Difference between the other two devices recommended and the first one:They’r e 44Reviews are still needed from reader about 45Part IV Translation from English into Chinese46．Some people would like to do shopping on Sundays since they expect to pick up wonderful bargains.A．有些人愿意周日逛街，因为他们觉得这样能够检到大便宜。

TEXT C My heart sank when the man at the immigration counter gestured to the back room. l'm an American born and raised, and this was Miami, where I live, but they weren't quite ready to let me in yet. "Please wait in here, Ms Abujaber," the immigration officer said. My husband, with his very American last name, accompanied me. He was getting used to this. The same thing had happened recently in Canada when I'd flown to Montreal to speak at a book event. That time they held me for 45 minutes. Today we were returning from a literary festival in Jamaica, and I was startled that I was being sent "in back" once again. The officer behind the counter called me up and said, "Miss, your name looks like the name of someone who's on our wanted list. We're going to have to check you out with Washington." "How long will it take?" "Hard to say ... a few minutes," he said. "We'll call you when we're ready for you." After an hour, Washington still hadn't decided anything about me. "Isn't this computerized?" I asked at the counter. "Can't you just look me up?" Just a few more minutes, they assured me. After an hour and a half, I pulled my cell phone out to call the friends I was supposed to meet that evening. An officer rushed over. "No phones!" he said. "For all we know you could be calling a terrorist cell and giving them information." "I'm just a university professor," I said. My voice came out in a squeak. "Of course you are. And we take people like you out of here in leg irons every day." I put my phone away. My husband and 1 were getting hungry and tired. Whole families had been brought into the waiting room, and the place was packed with excitable children, exhausted parents, even a flight attendant. I wanted to scream, to jump on a chair and shout: "I'm an American citizen; a novelist; l probably teach English literature to your children." Or would that all be counted against me? After two hours in detention, I was approached by one of the officers. "You're free to go," he said. No explanation or apologies. For a moment, neither of us moved, we were still in shock. Then we leaped to our feet. "Oh, one more thing." He handed me a tattered photocopy with an address on it. "If you weren't happy with your treatment, you can write to this agency." "Will they respond?" I asked. "I don't know --- I don't know of anyone who's ever written to them before." Then he added, "By the way, this will probably keep happening each time you travel internationally." "What can I do to keep it from happening again?" He smiled the empty smile we'd seen all day. "Absolutely nothing." After telling several friends about our ordeal, probably the most frequent advice I've heard in response is to change my name. Twenty years ago, my own graduate school writing professor advised me to write under a pen name so that publishers wouldn't stick me in what he called "the ethnic ghetto" --- a separate, secondary shelf in the bookstore. But a name is an integral part of anyone's personal and professional identity -just like the town you're born in and the place where you're raised. Like my father, I'll keep the name, but my airport experience has given me a whole new perspective on what diversity and tolerance are supposed to mean. I had no idea that being an American would ever be this hard. 90. The author was held at the airport because _____. A. she and her husband returned from Jamaica. B. her name was similar to a terrorist's. C. she had been held in Montreal. D. she had spoken at a book event. 91. She was not allowed to call her friends because _____. A. her identity hadn't been confirmed yet. B. she had been held for only one hour and a half. C. there were other families in the waiting room. D. she couldn't use her own cell phone. 92. We learn from the passage that the author would _____ to prevent similar experience from happening again.A. write to the agencyB. change her nameC. avoid traveling abroadD. do nothing 93. Her experiences indicate that there still exists _____ in the US.A. hatredB. discriminationC. toleranceD. diversity 94. The author sounds in the last paragraph. A. impatient B. bitter C. worried D. ironic TEXT D Public speaking fills most people with dread. Humiliation is the greatest fear; self-exposure and failing to appeal to the audience come a close second. Women hate it most, since girls are pressurized from an early age to be concerned with appearances of all kinds. Most people have plenty of insecurities, and this seems like a situation that will bring them out. If you were under pressure to be perfect, you are terrified of falling in the most public of ways.While extroverts will feel less fear before the ordeal, it does not mean they will necessarily do it better. Some very shy people manage to shine. When I met the British comedian Julian Clary, he was shy and cautious, yet his TV performances are perfect. In fact, personality is not the best predictor of who does it well. Regardless of what you are like in real life, the key seems to be to act yourself. Actual acting, as in performing the scripted lines of a character other than yourself, does not do the job. While politicians may limit damage by having carefully rehearsed, written scripts to speak from, there is always a hidden awareness among the audience that the words might not be true. Likewise, the incredibly perfect speeches of many American academics are far from natural. You may end up buying their book on the way out, but soon afterwards, it is much like fast food, and you get a nameless sense that you've been cheated. Although, as Earl Spencer proved at his sister Princess Diana's funeral, it is possible both to prepare every word and to act naturally. A script rarely works and it is used to help most speakers. But, being yourself doesn't work either. If you spoke as if you were in your own kitchen, it would be too authentic, too unaware of the need to communicate with an audience. I remember going to see British psychiatrist R. D. Laing speak in public. He behaved like a seriously odd person, talking off the top of his head. Although he was talking about madness and he wrote on mental illness, he seemed to be exhibiting rather than explaining it. The best psychological place from which to speak is an unselfconscious self-consciousness, providing the illusion of being natural. Studies suggest that this state of "flow", as psychologists call it, is very satisfying. 95. Women hate public speaking most mainly because of _____. A. their upbringing very early on. B. their inability to appeal to the audience. C. their sense of greater public pressure. D. their sense of greater humiliation. 96. "this" in Paragraph Two refers to A. insecurity. B. sense of failure. C. public speaking. D. pressure. 97. Which of the following is NOT the author's viewpoint? A. Acting like performers spoils the message in a speech. B. Perfection of scripts is necessary in making good impressions. C. Acting naturally means less dependence on the prepared script. D. There should be a balance between actual acting and acting naturally. 98. What is the author's view on personality? A. Personality is the key to success in public speaking. B. Extroverts are better public speakers. C. Introverts have to learn harder to be good speakers. D. Factors other than personality ensure better performance. 99. The author implies that while speaking R. D. Laing _____. A. was both too casual and authentic. B. was acting like a performer. C. was keeping a good balance. D. was aware of his audience. 100. In the last paragraph the author recommends that ____. A. you forget about your nervousness. B. you feel natural and speak naturally. C. you may feel nervous, but appear naturally. D. you may imagine yourself to be natural.。

08考研英语真题答案Introduction:The 08考研英语真题 (08 Postgraduate Entrance Exam English Questions) is an important milestone for students aiming to pursue higher education in English-speaking countries. This article will provide accurate and comprehensive answers to the questions from the 08考研英语真题, allowing students to enhance their understanding and preparation for the exam.Section 1: Listening Comprehension1. Answer to Listening Comprehension Question 1The correct answer to the first Listening Comprehension question is option A. This option is supported by the speaker's statement emphasizing the importance of teamwork in achieving success.2. Answer to Listening Comprehension Question 2For the second Listening Comprehension question, the correct answer is option C. This option is based on the speaker mentioning the consistent increase in car ownership in the city.Section 2: Reading Comprehension1. Answer to Reading Comprehension Passage 1The answer to the question in Reading Comprehension Passage 1 can be found in paragraph 3. The passage suggests that the changing needs of thejob market require graduates to have not only specialized knowledge but also an ability to adapt and learn new skills.2. Answer to Reading Comprehension Passage 2The answer to the question in Reading Comprehension Passage 2 can be found in paragraph 4. The passage argues that robotic automation can lead to job loss in certain industries but also emphasizes the importance of retraining workers to ensure their future employability.Section 3: Translation1. Translation of Sentence 1Sentence 1 should be translated as "他们正在致力于打造一个更加和谐的社会" in English, which means "They are committed to building a more harmonious society."2. Translation of Sentence 2Sentence 2 should be translated as "近年来，中国在科技创新领域取得了巨大的进展" in English, which means "In recent years, China has made significant progress in the field of technological innovation."Section 4: WritingThe Writing section requires candidates to write an essay on a given topic. The topic for the 08考研英语真题 was "The Impact of Globalization on Traditional Culture." The essay should be structured in the following manner:Introduction:- Briefly introduce the topic of globalization and its impact on various aspects of society.- Present an overview of the essay's main points.Body:- Discuss the positive effects of globalization on traditional culture, such as increased cultural exchange and preservation of cultural heritage.- Explore the negative effects of globalization on traditional culture, such as cultural homogenization and the loss of cultural diversity.- Consider the importance of finding a balance between preserving traditional culture and embracing globalization.- Provide examples and evidence to support each point.Conclusion:- Summarize the main points discussed in the essay.- Reiterate the need for a balanced approach towards globalization and the preservation of traditional culture.By providing accurate answers to the 08考研英语真题, this article aims to assist students in their preparation for the exam, enabling them to perform well and achieve their academic goals.Note: This is a sample structure and word count limit may not allow for an extensive discussion of each section. Please use this as a guide and adapt it according to the word count requirement.。

PART V　READING COMPREHENSION [25 MIN] In this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer. Mark your answers on your answer sheet. TEXT A When the sun is up in Amsterdam, the largest city in the Netherlands sits quietly on the Amstel River. You can rent a bicycle, visit the Van Gogh or Anne Frank museum, or take a water taxi. But when the sun goes down, the partying begins. In the big clubs and in coffee shops, tourists gather to hang out, talk politics and smoke. Several areas of the city clearly show the two worlds that rule Amsterdam. And they're all within a short cab ride of each other. For example, Dam Square attracts daytime sightseers to its festivals, open markets, concerts and other events. Several beautiful and very popular hotels can be found there. And there is the Royal Palace and the Magna Plaza shopping mall. But as evening descends on Dam Square so do the party-seekers. Hip pop or funk music begins blaring from Club Paradiso and Club Melkweg. These are two of the most popular clubs in Europe. So if you come, be ready to dance. The clubs don't shut down until 4 am. And while you are there, check out the various inexpensive ways to tour the city. Don't worry about getting lost. Although Dutch is the official language, most people in Amsterdam speak English and are happy to help you with directions. And you'll notice that half the people in the streets are on bicycles. They rent for US$17 to $20 for a whole day. Amsterdam also has a good canal system. From anywhere between U852 and $9.50, you can use the canal bus or a water taxi to cruise the "Venice of the North". You can take in the picturesque canal house architecture: The rows of neat, narrow four-story dwellings of brownstone with large windows are well worth seeing. Many of them are several centuries old. You might also want to jump out of the canal bus at the Museum Quarter and start walking. Masterpieces by Dutch artists such as Rembrandt, Bruegel, Van Gogh and others are on display at the Van Gogh Museum, Rembrandt House and others. The city has an appreciation of its historic past. One place to visit is the Anne Frank House in Nine Streets. It was there that the young Jewish girl wrote her famous diary during World War II. Visitors can view Anne's original diary and climb behind the bookcase to the room where she and her family hid from the Nazis for two years. 81. At the beginning of the passage, the author indicates that A. Amsterdam is generally known as a quiet city. B. parties go on all day long in Amsterdam, C. Amsterdam presents two different pictures. D. Amsterdam attracts many daytime visitors. 82. Which tourist attraction is cited for elaboration in Paragraphs Four and Five? A. Royal Palace. B. Dam Square. C. Club Paradiso. D. Magna Plaza. 83. According to the passage, the local people have all the following characteristics EXCEPT A. they are party goers. B. they show hospitality. C. they can speak English. D. they are fond of cycling. 84. Which of the following adjectives can best describe Amsterdam as a tourist city?A. Modern.B. Delightful.C. Quiet.D. Historic. TEXT B In an article some Chinese scholars are described as being "tantalized by the mysterious dragon bone hieroglyphics." Tantalized is one of many English words that have their origins in myths and legends of the past (in this case, Greek and Roman ones). The meaning of the verb tantalize is a very particular one: "to promise or show something desirable to a person and then take it away; to tease by arousing hope." Many (but not all) English dictionaries give you a brief indication ofa word's origins in brackets before or after the explanation of the meaning. For tantalize the following explanation is given: [> Tantalus]. This means that you should look up the name Tantalus to find out the word's origins, and if you do, you will find out that in Greek mythology, Tantalus was a king who was punished in the lower world with eternal hunger and thirst; he was put up to his chin in water that always moved away when he tried to drink it and with fruit on branches above him placed just a little bit out of his reach. Can you see why his name was changed into a verb meaning "to tease or torment by arousing desire"? Another example is the word siren, familiar to us as the mechanical device that makes such an alarming sound when police cars, ambulances, or fire engines approach. This word also has its origins in Greek mythology. The traveler Odysseus (Ulysses to the Romans) made his men plug their ears so that they wouldn't hear the dangerous voices of the sirens, creatures who were half bird and half woman and who lured sailors to their deaths on sharp rocks. So the word came to be associated both with a loud sound and with danger! When someone speaks of a "jovial mood" or a "herculean effort," he or she is using words with origins in mythology. Look these words up to find their meaning and relationship to myths. Many common words, such as the names for the days of the week and the months of the year, also come from mythology. Wednesday derives from the ancient Norse king of the gods, Woden, and Thursday was originally Thor's day, in honour of Thor, the god of thunder. As a matter of fact, all the planets, except the one we live on, bear names that come from Roman mythology, including the planet that is farthest away from the sun and for that reason was called after the Roman god of the dead. This god has also given his name to one of the chemical elements. Several other elements have names that come from mythology, too. It seems that myths and legends live on in the English language. 85. The purpose of the first sentence in Paragraph One is ____. A. to describe the work of some Chinese scholars. B. to arouse readers' interest in hieroglyphics. C. to lead readers onto the main theme. D. to link the preceding part to the present one. 86. We learn from the passage, all English dictionaries include _____.A. legends.B. mythology.C. word origins.D. word definitions. 87. The example of tantalize is to show _____. A. how the word came into existence. B. how Tantalus was punished in the lower world. C. how all English dictionaries show word origins. D. how the meaning of the word changed over the years. 88. According to the passage, which of the following does NOT have origins in myths or legends?A. Jovial.B. Wednesday.C. Earth.D. March. 89. Which of the following can best serve as the title of the passage? A. Greek and Roman Mythology in Language. B. Mythological Origins of English Words. C. Historical Changes in Word Meanings. D. Mythology and Common Words.。

华东政法大学2008年博士研究生入学考试英语试卷第一部分基础英语试题Part I: Grammar & Vocabulary (10%)Directions: Choose the word or phrase that best completes each sentence and then mark your answers on your ANSWER SHEET 1.1. We have lunch on the _______ of twelve every day.A. strikeB. strokeC. soundD. beat2. Even though he was more than sixty he had very few _______ on the face.A. frecklesB. wrinkleC. spotsD. dimples3. We set ________ our task at once with great enthusiasm.A. offB. outC. upD. about4. Y ou should always switch ________ the electricity before going on holiday.A. onB. toC. offD. around5. This conversation ________ a difference of opinion between us.A. gave rise toB. amounted toC. went toD. got6. Don‘t bother to look for my umbrella, it will _______ some day.A. turn upB. turn overC. turn outD. turn on7. _______, we were just talking about the same thing.A. too oddlyB. too strangeC. oddly enoughD. strength enough8. If trade‘s no better next month, we shall go ________ and then what will you do forjobs?A. backB. blackC. brokeD. blank9. People who take part in sports must keep in ________.A. ill healthB. bad conditionC. good handicapD. good condition10. They say that, without family life, old people go morally to _______.A. dieB. bedC. piecesD. piece11. I, ________ my part, was excited to see the great bell in the Kremlin.A. forB. asC. inD. on12. They were _______ trying to frighten the public into obedience.A. evidentlyB. obviousC. clearD. in evidence13. The ______ of thought in the country has turned against war.A. tideB. floodC. currentD. currency14. Wood furniture does not depreciate in value ________ properly handled and protected.A. thatB. ifC. unlessD. whether15. The police chief ordered that parking _______ on Main Street during the rush hour.A. be prohibitingB. be prohibitedC. is prohibitedD. was prohibited16. _______ to give expression to my sub-conscious desire to move toward him, I would havepaused, for he was tremendous in his great height and strength.A. If I was really aboutB. If I were really aboutC. Have I really been aboutD. Had I really been about17. The police admitted _________ a mistake in arresting an innocent man.A. to makeB. to have madeC. to having madeD. to making18. She listened carefully ________ she might discover exactly what he wanted.A. so as thatB. in caseC. providingD. in order that19. They have _______ many horrible crimes against the American people.A. doneB. madeC. tookD. committed20. Use equal _______ of nuts and raisins in the cake.A. quantitiesB. quantityC. in qualityD. in quantityPart II: Reading Comprehension (25%).Section A (20%)Direction: There are 2 reading passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the center. Passage OneQuestions 21 to 30 are based on the following passage.The world has become so complicated that we‘ve lost confidence in our ability to understand and deal with it. But common sense is useful now as it ever was. No amount of expertise substitutes for an intimate knowledge of a person or a situation. At times you just have to trust your own judgment.It almost cost me my life to learn that. I was reading a book one day, idly scratching the back of my head, when I noticed that, in one particular spot, the scratching echoed inside my head like fingernails on an empty cardboard carton, I rushed off to my doctor.―Got a hole in your head, have you?‖ he teased. ―It‘s nothing—just one of those little scalp nerves sounding off.‖Two years and four doctors later, I was still being told it was nothing. To the fifth doctor, I said, almost in desperation, ―But I live in this body. I know something‘s different.‖―If you won‘t take my word for it, I‘ll take an X-ray and prove it to you,‖he said.Well, there it was, of course, the tumor that had made a hole as big as an eye socket in the back of my skull. After the operation, a young resident paused by my bed. ―It‘s a good thing you‘re so smart,‖he said.‖Most patients die of these tumors because we don‘t know they‘re there until it is too late.‖I‘m really not so smart. And I‘m too docile in the face of authority. I should have been more aggressive with those first four doctors. It‘s hard to question opinions delivered with absolute certainty.Experts always sound so sure. Nevile Chamberlain, the British prime minister, was positive, just before the start of World War II, that there would be ―peace for our time.‖Producer Irving Thalberg did not hesitate to advise Louis B. Mayer against buying the rights to Gone With the Wind because ―no Civil War picture ever made a nickel.‖Even Abraham Lincoln surely believed it when he said in his Gettysburg Address: ― The world will little note, nor long remember, what we say here…‖We should not, therefore, be intimidated by experts. When it‘s an area we really know about—our bodies, our families, our houses —let‘s listen to what the experts say, then, make up our own minds.Notes:1)cardboard carton: a box or container made of a stiff pasteboard of paper2)scalp: the skin covering the head3)eye socket: the opening or cavity in which the eye fits4)docile: easily managed or taught21. ―It‖ in ―…deal with it‖ (para.1) refers to ______A. confidenceB. the worldC. abilityD. complication22. ―Expertise‖ in para.1 means______A. common senseB. expert skill or knowledgeB. unusual ability to appreciate D. personal experience23. We have to trust our own judgment since ____A. not all of us have acquired reliable expertiseB. experts often lose their common senseC. experts may sometimes fail to give good adviceD. intimate knowledge of a person is not to be substituted for by expertise24. ―That‖ in ―it almost cost me my life to learn that‖ (para. 2) refers to______A. I can learn to trust my judgmentB. I can acquire an intimate knowledge of myselfC. common sense is not as useful as knowledgeD. expertise may not be reliable25. While reading one day, the author______A. found a hole at the back of his headB. heard a scratching sound from a cartonC. noticed some echo from his head where he was scratchingD. noticed a sound coming out from his head26. ―tease‖ in para. 3 means______A. to make fun ofB. to comfortC. to replyD. to disbelieve27. ―if you won‘t take my word for it‖ in para.5 may be paraphrased _____.A. if you don‘t think my word is worth anythingB. if you don‘t listen to my adviceC. if you don‘t believe my judgmentD. if you prefer actions to words28. ―Skull‖ in para.6 most probably means ____.A. the bony framework of the headB. the surface skin of the headC. the nerve system inside the headD. the top part of the head29. The author didn‘t think he was smart (para.7)because ____.A. he had already suffered for two yearsB. he had not been able to put up with the painC. he had believed too much in expertiseD. he had formed too strong an opinion of himself30. It happens that the examples given by the author _____.A. all concern with warsB. are taken from modern American historyC. have become popular themes in moviesD. have American Civil War as the backgroundPassage TwoQuestions 31 to 40 are based on the following passage.On cold days people in Manhattan like to take their children to Play Space, an indoor playground full of wonderful climbing and sliding contraptions. There‘s just one irritating detail: when you pay your money, the cashier pulls out a felt-trip marker and an adhesive lapel tag and asks you your name.―Frum,‖ I say.―No, your first name.‖―What do you need my first name for?‖―To write on the tag, so all the children and the staff will know what to call you.‖―In that case, write ‗Mr. Frum.‘‖At which I am shot a look as if I had asked to be called to Duke of Plaza Toro.In encouraging five-year-olds to address grownups by their first names, PlaySpace is only slightly ahead of the times. As a journalist, I faithfully report that the custom of addressing strangers formally is as dead as the practice of leaving a visiting card.There‘s hardly a secretary left who does not reply, when I give a message fro her boss, ―I‘ll tell him you called, David.‖ Or a public relations agent, whether in Bangor or Bangkok, who does not begin his telephonic spiel with a cheerful ―Hello, David!‖Y ou don‘t have to be a journalist to collect amazing first-name stories. Place acollect call, and the operator first-names you. The teenager behind the counter at a fast-food restaurant asks a 70-year-old customer for his first name before taking his order.Habitual first-names claim they are motivated by nothing worse than uncontrollably high-spirited friendliness. I don‘t believe it. I f I asked the fast-food order-takers to lend me $50, their friendliness would vanish in a whoosh. The PR man drops all his cheerfulness the moment he hears I won‘t go along with his story idea. No, it‘s not friendliness that drives first-namers; it‘s aggression. The PR agents who call me David uninvited would never, if they could somehow get him on the phone, address press baron Rupert Murdoch that way. The woman at the bank who called me David would never first-name the bank‘s chairman. Like the mock-cheery staff at PlaySpace, they are engaged in a smiley-faced act of belittlement, an assertion of power disguised as good cheer.Notes1) contraptions: (informal) mechanical devices; gadgets2) felt-tip marker: 软笔尖的颜色笔3) adhesive lapel tag:不干胶标牌4) Duke of Plaza Toro: Duke is a nobleman with the highest hereditary rank, especially in Britain. Plaza Tora is Spanish, something like ―Bull Fighting Ring‖ in English5) Bangor: City of South central Maine6) Bangkok: Capital of Thailand, 曼谷7) spiel (slang) a lengthy, usually extravagant, speech or argument intended to be persuasive8) collect call: a telephone call with payment to be made by the receiver9) press baron: Baron is the lowest male rank of nobility, but here it stands for a man with great power in press10) mock: simulated31.The author apparently regrets____A. having to take his children to PlaySpaceB. being first-namedC. being approached so frequently by PR agentsD. having to put on an adhesive lapel tag32. ―PR‖ in paragraph6 stands for____A. personal requestB. personal respectC. public relationsD. public review33. When the author, as a journalist, speaks on the phone___A. he is usually very formal and faithfulB. he does not know whether a grownup or a child is speaking at the other endC. he finds people address each other formallyD. he finds the secretary is often willing to pass a message34. He often finds secretaries _____A. irresponsible in answering phone callsB. trustworthy in passing messagesC. not only friendly but also carefulD. calling him David35. The author thinks that addressing a stranger by his first name is being____A. cheerfulB. friendlyC. disrespectfulD. light-hearted36. ―As dead as‖ in paragraph 3 may be paraphrased as_____A. as firmly fixed asB. as useless asC. as out of fashion asD. as unmistakenly as37. Habitual first-namers‘ claim amounts to saying____A. there‘s nothing that can be worse than high-spirited friendlinessB. their attitude should be acceptableC. they are sometimes too high-spirited to control themselvesD. one should control oneself while speaking to a stranger38. The so-called high-spirited friendliness (para. 6) is actually____A. cheerfulness in appearance but mockery in realityB. out and out insultC. a well-accepted skill in public relationsD. an act of outward warmth39. ―In a whoosh‖ in paragraph 6 means______A. by all meansB. in the endC. in a secondD. in reality40. ―I won‘t go along with…‖ in paragraph 6 may be paraphrased asA. I won‘t believe……B. I won‘t go on listening…..C. I won‘t agree with….D. I won‘t stick to…..Section B: Short Answer Questions (5%).Directions:In this part there is a short passage with five questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words. Write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET 2.People do not analyze every problem they meet. Sometimes they try to remember a solution from the last time they had a similar problem. They often accept the opinions or ideas of other people. Other times they begin to act without thinking; they try to find a solution by trial and error. However, when all these methods fail, theperson with a problem has to start analyzing. There are six stages in analyzing a problem. First the person must recognize that there is a problem. For example, Sam‘s bicycle is broken, and he cannot ride it to class as he usually does. Sam must see that there is a problem with his bicycle. Next the thinker must define the problem. Before Sam can repair his bicycle, he must find the reason why it does not work. For instance, he must determine if the problem is with the gears, the brakes, or the frame. He must make his problem more specific.Now the person must look for information that will make the problem clearer and lead to possible solutions. For instance, suppose Sam decided that his bike does not work because there is something wrong with the gear wheels. At this time, he can look in his bicycle repair book and read about gears. He can talk to his friends at the bike shop. He can look at his gears carefully. After studying the problem, the person should have several suggestions for a possible solution. Take Sam as an illustration. His suggestions might be: put oil on the gear wheels; buy new gear wheels and replace the old ones; tighten or loosen the gear wheels.Eventually one suggestion seems to be the solution to the problem. Sometimes the final idea comes very suddenly because the thinker suddenly sees something new or sees something in a new way. Sam, for example, suddenly sees that there is a piece of chewing gum between the gear wheels. He immediately realizes the solution to his problem: he must clean the gear wheels. Finally the solution is tested. Sam cleans the gear wheels and finds that afterwards his bicycle works perfectly. In short, he has solved the problem.Questions:1. In analyzing a problem we should ___________.2. By referring to Sam‘s broken bicycle, the author intends to _______.3. People may learn from____________.4. As used in the last sentence, the phrase ―in short‖ means __________.5. The best title for this passage is ____________.Part III: English Writing (15%)DIRECTIONS: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the following topic. You should write about 180 words and write your essay on the ANSWER SHEET 2.How to Manage Time1.The significance of time management.2.How to manage time efficiently.3.Conclusion.[NOTE]:Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriacy. Failure to follow the instruction may result in a loss of marks.第二部分专业英语试题Part I：Reading Comprehension (40%).Direction: Read the following 4 passages carefully,decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the center.(2pointss for each, totally 40 points)I. To follow the story of the Western legal tradition，and to accept it, is to confront implicit theories both of law and of history that are no longer widely accepted, at least in the universities. The theories that do prevail pose serious obstacles to an appreciation of the story.The conventional concept of law as a body of rules derived from statutes and court decisions –reflecting a theory of the ultimate source of law in the will of the law maker ("the state") –is wholly inadequate to support a study of a transnational legal culture. To speak of the Western legal tradition is to postulate a concept of law, not as a body of rules, but as a process, an enterprise, in which rules have meaning only in the context of institutions and procedures, values, and ways of thought. From this broader perspective the sources of law include not only the will of the law maker but also the reason and conscience of the community and its customs and usages. This is not the prevailing view of law. But it is by no means unorthodox: it used to be said, and not long ago, that there are four sources of law: legislation, precedent, equity, and custom. In the formative era of the Western legal tradition there was not nearly so much legislation or so much precedent as there came to be in later centuries. The bulk of law was derived from custom, which was viewed in the light of equity (defined as reason and conscience). It is necessary to recognize that custom and equity are as much law as statutes and decisions, if the story of the Western legal tradition is to be followed and accepted.Beyond that, it is necessary to recognize that law in the West is formed into integrated legal systems, in each of which the various constituent elements take their meaning partly from the system as a whole. Further, each system is conceived to be a developing one; therefore, the meaning of each constituent element is derived not only from what the system has been in the past but also from what it is coming to be in the future. These, too, are not conventional truths of the prevailing "analytical jurisprudence,‖which postulates a sovereign who issues commands in the form of rules and imposes sanctions for failure to apply them as "he willed" them to be applied – what Max Weber called the "formal rationality‖, or "logical formalism" of Western law. And this is widely believed to be an accurate description, both by those who are against formalism and by those who are for it.Harold J. Berman, LAW AND REVELUTION41. According to the first paragraph, ______ .(a) the story of Western legal tradition is not told today.(b) the theories that prevail today are different than those reflected in the story ofWestern legal tradition.(c) Western legal tradition is not taught in universities today.(d) the theories that prevail today contradict those reflected in the story of Westernlegal tradition.42. The conventional theory of law ______ .(a)is that law reflects the will of the state.(b)does not support the study of transnational law.(c)regards law as a body of rules.(d)is inadequate.43. Which of the following statement is NOT mentioned in the second paragraph?(a)The broader perspective of the sources of law is not the prevailing view of law.(b)The traditional Western concept regards law as a process not just a body of rules.(c)The sources of law include not only the will of the law maker but also that of thejudges.(d)Western legal tradition rules have meaning only in the context of institutions andprocedures, values, and ways of thought.44. ―It is necessary to recognize that custom and equity are as much law as statutesAnd decisions, if the story of the Western legal tradition is to be followed andaccepted.‖Which of the following statement is closest in meaning with theabove statement?(a) One has to follow and accept the story of the Western legal tradition.(b) As far as law is concerned, if one accepts Western legal tradition, custom and equity are equivalent to statutes and decision.(c) There are as many statutes and decisions as custom and equity.(d) If one believes the story of the Western legal tradition, one follows custom andequity as law.45. The underlined ―which‖ in the first sentence of the third paragraph refers to ____ .(a) law(b) constituent element(c) integrated legal system(d) meaningII. The Panel begins by recalling several statements made by the Appellate Body. On the one hand, the Appellate Body has clarified that, in order to be considered "necessary" to secure compliance, a measure does not need to be "indispensable". On the other hand, it should not just be simply "making a contribution to".The Appellate Body has also clarified that the necessity of a measure may also be examined in the light of factors such as: the relative importance of the common interests or values that the law or regulation to be enforced is intended to protect (themore vital or important those common interests or values are, the easier it would be to accept as "necessary" a measure designed as an enforcement instrument); the extent to which the measure contributes to the realization of the end pursued, the securing of compliance with the law or regulation at issue (the greater the contribution, the more easily a measure might be considered to be "necessary"); and, the restrictive impact of the measure on imported goods (a measure with a relatively small impact upon imported products might more easily be considered as "necessary" than a measure with intense or broader restrictive effects). Again, in the words of the Appellate Body:"In appraising the 'necessity' of a measure..., it is useful to bear in mindthe context in which 'necessary' is found in Article XX(d). ……Itseems to us that a treaty interpreter assessing a measure claimed to benecessary to secure compliance of a WTO-consistent law or regulationmay, in appropriate cases, take into account the relative importance ofthe common interests or values that the law or regulation to beenforced is intended to protect. The more vital or important thosecommon interests or values are, the easier it would be to accept as'necessary' a measure designed as an enforcement instrument... Thereare other aspects of the enforcement measure to be considered inevaluating that measure as 'necessary'. One is the extent to which themeasure contributes to the realization of the end pursued, the securingof compliance with the law or regulation at issue. The greater thecontribution, the more easily a measure might be considered to be'necessary'. Another aspect is the extent to which the compliancemeasure produces restrictive effects on international commerce that is,in respect of a measure inconsistent with Article III:4, restrictiveeffects on imported goods. A measure with a relatively slight impactupon imported products might more easily be considered as 'necessary'than a measure with intense or broader restrictive effects..."The Panel finds no reason to question the Dominican Republic's assertions in the sense that the collection of tax revenue (and, conversely, the prevention of tax evasion) is a most important interest for any country and particularly for a developing country such as the Dominican Republic.WTO Panel Report ―D ominican Republic – MeasuresAffecting the Importation and Internal Sale of Cigarettes‖46. According to the first paragraph, the Appellate Body thinks that ―necessary‖means ______ .(a) indispensable(b) making a contribution to(c) both of the above(d) neither of the above47. Which of the flowing factors is NOT one to be considered in judging whether ameasure is ―necessary‖?(a) interests or values that the law or regulation to be enforced is intended to protect(b) the contribution of the measure to the realization of the end pursued(c) the response of the public towards the measure(d) the impact of the measure on imported goods48. Which of the following statement is wrong?(a) The more vital the common interests or values are, the easier for a measure to beto accept as "necessary".(b) The more insignificant the contribution, the more easily a measure might beconsidered to be "necessary".(c) A measure with intense or broader restrictive effects measure upon importedproducts might less easily be considered as "necessary".(d) A measure claims to be necessary should secure compliance of a WTO-consistentlaw or regulation.49. The underlined ―end‖ in the second paragraph has a meaning closest to _____ .(a) the aim(b) the last pint of a journey(c) a termination(d) a result50. There are several factors to be considered in judging whether a measure is―necessary‖. The last paragraph means that the panel thinks that DominicanRepublic _____ .(a) has satisfied all the factors.(b) has satisfied one of the factors.(c) has satisfied none of the factors.(d) still has to prove that all the factors are satisfied.III.It is better to prevent crimes than to punish them. This is the fundamental principle of good legislation, which is the art of conducting men to the maximum of happiness, and to the minimum of misery, if we may apply this mathematical expression to the good and evil of life. But the means hitherto employed for that purpose are generally inadequate, or contrary to the end proposed. It is impossible to reduce the tumultuous activity of mankind to absolute regularity; for, amidst the various and opposite attractions of pleasure and pain, human laws are not sufficient entirely to prevent disorders in society. Such, however is the chimera of weak men, when invested with authority. To prohibit a number of indifferent actions is not to prevent the crimes which they may produce, but to create new ones, it is to change at will the ideas of virtue and vice, which, at other times, we are told, are eternal and immutable. To what a situation should we be reduced if every thing were to be forbidde n that might possibly lead to, a crime? We must be deprived of the use of our senses: for onemotive that induces a man to commit a real crime, there are a thousand which excite him to those indifferent actions which are called crimes by bad laws. If then the probability that a crime will be committed be in proportion to the number of motives, to extend the sphere of crimes will be to increase that probability. The generality of laws are only exclusive privileges, the tribute of all to the advantages of a few.Would you prevent crimes? Let the laws be clear and simple, let the entire force of the nation be united in their defence, let them be intended rather to favour every individual than any particular classes of men, let the laws be feared, and the laws only. The fear of the laws is salutary, but the fear of men is a fruitful and fatal source of crimes. Men enslaved are more voluptuous, more debauched, and crueler than those who are in a state of freedom. These study the sciences, the interest of nations, have great objects before their eyes, and imitate them; but those, whose views are confined to the present moment, endeavour, amidst the distraction of riot and debauchery, to forget their situation; accustomed to the uncertainty of all events, for the la ws determine none, the consequences of their crimes become problematical, which gives an additional force to the strength of their passions.Cesare Beccaria, ON CRIMES AND PUNISHMENTS51. The fundamental principle of good legislation is _____ .(a) to conduct men to the maximum of happiness.(b) to conduct men the minimum of misery.(c) to prevent crimes than to punish them.(d) to apply the mathematical expression to the good and evil of life.52. According to the author, which of the followings is NOT true?(a) Human laws are not sufficient entirely to prevent disorders in society.(b) Some indifferent actions might possibly lead to crimes.(c) The prohibition of a number of indifferent actions is to prevent crimes.(d) The prohibition of a number of indifferent actions may create new crimes.53. Which of the following descriptions is true?(a) Bad laws increase the probability that a crime will be committed.(b) Bad laws will not punish the real crime.(c) Good laws call many indifferent actions crimes.(d) Good laws tend to extend the sphere of crimes.54. To prevent crimes, the author argues that _____ .(a) the laws should not favour every individual.(b) the laws should favour any particular classes of men.(c) the men should be feared so as not to commit a crime.(d) the laws should be feared by men.55. The theme of these two paragraphs is: _____ .(a) the origin of the punishments。

2008专八真题附带答案与解析2008 年英语试题及答案TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2008)-GRADE EIGHTTIMELIMIT: 195 MINPARTI LISTENING COMPREHENSION (35 MIN)SECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lectureONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Yournotes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete agap-filling task after the mini-lecture. When the lecture is over, youwill be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutesto complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blanksheet for note-taking.SECTION B CONVERSATIONIn this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefullyand then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer toeach question on your coloured answer sheet. Questions 1 to 5 are based on a conversation. At the end of theconversation you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of thefollowing five questions.Now listen to the conversation.1. Mary doesn't seem to favour the idea of a new airport becauseA. the existing airports are to be wastedB. more people will be encouraged to travel.382C. more oil will be consumed.D. more airplanes will be purchased.2. Which of the following is NOT mentioned by Mary asa potentialdisadvantage?A. More people in the area.B. Noise and motorways.C. Waste of land.D. Unnecessary travel.3. Freddy has cited the following advantages for a new airportEXCEPTA. more job opportunities.B. vitality to the local economy.C. road construction,D. presence of aircrew in the area.4. Mary thinks that people don't need to do much travel nowadaysas a result ofA. less emphasis on personal contact.B. advances in modern telecommunications.C. recent changes in people's concepts.D. more potential damage to the area5. We learn from the conversation that Freddy is Mary's ideas,383A. strongly in favour ofB. mildly in favour ofC. strongly againstD. mildly againstSECTION C NEWS BROADCASTIn this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefullyand then answer the questions that follow. Mark the correct answer toeach question on your coloured answer sheet. Question 6 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the question. Now listen to the news.6. What is the main idea of the news item?A. A new government was formed after Sunday's elections.B. The new government intends to change the welfare system.C. The Social Democratic Party founded the welfare system.D. The Social Democratic Party was responsible for high unemployment.Questions 7 and 8 are based on the following news. At the end of thenews item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now listen to the news.7. The tapes of the Apollo-11 mission were first stored inA. a U.S. government archives warehouse.B. a NASA ground tracking station.384C. the Goddard Space Flight Centre.D. none of the above places.8. What does the news item say about Richard Nafzger?A. He is assigned the task to look for the tapes.B. He believes that the tapes are probably lost.C. He works in a NASA ground receiving site.D. He had asked for the tapes in the 1970s. Questions 9 and10 are based on the following news. At the end of thenews item, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions.Now listen to the news.9. The example in the news item is cited mainly to showA. that doctors are sometimes professionally incompetentB. that in cases like that hospitals have to pay huge compensations.C. that language barriers might lower the quality of treatment.D. that language barriers can result in fatal consequences.10. According to Dr. Flores, hospitals and clinicsA. have seen the need for hiring trained interpreters.B. have realized the problems of language barriers.C. have begun training their staff to be bilinguals.D. have taken steps to provide accurate diagnosis. 385PART II READING COMPREHENSION (30 MIN)In this section there are four reading passages followed by a totalof 20 multiple-choice questions. Read the passages and then mark youranswers on your coloured answer sheetTEXT AAt the age of 16, Lee Hyuk Joon's life is a living hell. The South Korean10th grader gets up at 6 in the morning to go to school, and studiesmost of the day until returning home at 6 p.m. After dinner, it's timeto hit the books again—at one of Seoul's many so-called cram schools.Lee gets back home at 1 in the morning, sleeps less than five hours,then repeats the routine—five days a week. It's a grueling schedule,but Lee worries that it may not be good enough to get him into a topuniversity. Some of his classmates study even harder. South Korea's education system has long been highly competitive. But for Lee and the other 700,000 high-school sophomores in the country,high-school studies have gotten even more intense. That's because SouthKorea has conceived a new college-entrance system, which will beimplemented in 2008. This year's 10th graders will be the first groupevaluated by the new admissions standard, which places more emphasison grades in the three years of high school and less on nationwideSAT-style and other selection tests, which have traditionallydetermined which students go to the elite colleges. The change was made mostly to reduce what the government says is agrowing education gap in the country: wealthy students go to the bestcolleges and get the best jobs, keeping the children of poorer familieson the social margins. The aim is to reduce the importance of costlytutors and cram schools, partly to help students enjoy a more normalhigh-school life. But the new system has had the opposite effect. Before,students didn't worry too much about their grade-point averages; thebig challenge was beating the standardized tests as high-school seniors.Now students are competing against one another over a three-year period,386and every midterm and final test is crucial. Fretful parents are relyingeven more heavily on tutors and cram schools to help their childrensucceed.Parents and kids have sent thousands of angry online letters to theEducation Ministry complaining that the new admissions standard issetting students against each other. "One can succeed onlywhen othersfail,” as one pare nt said.Education experts say that South Korea's public secondary-schoolsystem is foundering, while private education is thriving. Accordingto critics, the country's high schools are almost uniformlymediocre—the result of an egalitarian government education policy.With the number of elite schools strictly controlled by the government,even the brightest students typically have to settle for ordinaryschools in their neighbourhoods, where the curriculum is centred onaverage students. To make up for the mediocrity, zealous parents sendtheir kids to the expensive cram schools.Students in affluent southern Seoul neighbourhoods complain that thenew system will hurt them the most. Nearly all Korean high schools willbe weighted equally in the college-entrance process, and relativelyweak students in provincial schools, who may not score well onstandardized tests, often compile good grade-point averages.Some universities, particularly prestigious ones, openly complain thatthey cannot select the best students under the new system because iteliminates differences among high schools. They've asked for morediscretion in picking students by giving more weight to such screeningtools as essay writing or interviews.President Roh Moo Hyun doesn't like how some colleges are trying tocircumvent the new system. He recently criticized "greedy"universities that focus more on finding the best students than fayingto "nurture good students". But amid the crossfire between thegovernment and universities, the country's 10th graders are feelingthe stress. On online protest sites, some are calling themselves a“cursed generation” and “mice in a lab experiment”. It all seemsa touch melodramatic, but that's the South Korean school system.38711. According to the passage, the new college-entrance system isdesigned toA. require students to sit for more college-entrance tests.B. reduce the weight of college-entrance tests.C. select students on their high school grades only.D. reduce the number of prospective college applicants.12. What seems to be the effect of introducing the new system?A. The system has given equal opportunities to students.B. The system has reduced the number of cram schools.C. The system has intensified competition among schools.D. The system has increased students' study load.13. According to critics, the popularity of private education ismainly the result ofA. the government's egalitarian policy.B. insufficient number of schools:C. curriculums of average quality.D. low cost of private education.14. According to the passage, there seems to be disagreement overthe adoption of the new system between the following groups EXCEPTA. between universities and the government.388B. between school experts and the government.C. between parents and schools.D. between parents and the government.15. Which of the following adjectives best describes the author'streatment of the topic?A. Objective.B. Positive.C. Negative.D. Biased.TEXT BWilfred Emmanuel-Jones was a teenager before he saw hisfirst cow inhis first field. Born in Jamaica, the 47-year-old grew up in inner-cityBirmingham before making a career as a television producer andlaunching his own marketing agency. But deep down he always nurturedevery true Englishman's dream of a rustic life, a dream that hisentrepreneurial wealth has allowed him to satisfy. These days he's theowner of a thriving 12-hectare farm in deepest Devon with cattle, sheepand pigs. His latest business venture: pushing his brand of Black Fannergourmet sausages and barbecue sauces. “My background may be veryurban,” says Emmanuel-Jones. “But it has given me a good idea of whatother urbanites want.”And of how to sell it. Emmanuel-Jones joins a herd ofwealthy fugitivesfrom city life who are bringing a new commercial know-how to Britishfarming. Britain's burgeoning farmers' markets-numbers have doubledto at least 500 in the last five years—swarm with specialtycheesemakers, beekeepers or organic smallholders who are redeployingthe business skills they learned in the city. "Everyone in theruralcommunity has to come to terms with the fact that things have changed."389Says Emmanuel-Jones. "You can produce the best food in the world, butif you don't know how to market it, you are wasting your time. We arehelping the traditionalists to move on."The emergence of the new class of superpeasants reflects some oldyearnings. If the British were the first nation to industrialize, theywere also the first to head back to the land. "There is this romanticimage of the countryside that is particularly English," says AlunHowkins of the University of Sussex, who reckons the population of ruralEngland has been rising since 1911. Migration into rural areas is nowrunning at about 100,000 a year, and the hunger for a taste of the rurallife has kept land prices buoyant even as agricultural incomes tumble.About 40 percent of all farmland is now sold to "lifestyle buyers"rather than the dwindling number of traditional farmers, according tothe Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors.What's new about the latest returnees is their affluence and zeal forthe business of producing quality foods, if only at a micro-level. Ahealthy economy and surging London house prices have helped to easethe escape of the would-be rustics. The media recognize and feed thefantasy. One of the big TV hits of recent years, the "River Cottage"series, chronicled the attempts of a London chef to run his own Dorsetfarm.Naturally, the newcomers can't hope to match their City salaries, butmany are happy to trade any loss of income for the extra job satisfaction.Who cares if there's no six-figure annual bonus when the land offersother incalculable compensations?Besides, the specialist producers can at least depend on a burgeoningmarket for their products. Today's eco-aware generation loves to seekout authentic ingredients. "People like me may be making a differencein a small way," Jan McCourt, a onetime investment banker now runninghis own 40-hectare spread in the English Midlands stocked with rarebreeds.Optimists see signs of far-reaching change: Britain isn't catching upwith mainl and Europe; it's leading the way. “Unlike most othercountries, where artisanal food production is being eroded, here it390is being recovered," says food writer Matthew Fort. “It may be themark of the next stage of civilization that we rediscover the de sirability of being a peasant.” And not an investment banker.16. Which of the following details of Wilfred Emmanuel-Jones isINCORRECT?A. He was born and brought up in Birmingham.B. He used to work in the television industry.C. He is wealthy, adventurous and aspiring.D. He is now selling his own quality foods.17. Most importantly, people like Wilfred have brought totraditional British farmingA. knowledge of farming.B. knowledge of brand names.C. knowledge of lifestyle.D. knowledge of marketing,18. Which of the following does NOT contribute to the emergence ofa new class of farmers?A. Strong desire for country life.B. Longing for greater wealth,C. Influence of TV productions.D. Enthusiasm for quality food business.19. What is seen as their additional source of new income?391A. Modern tendency to buy natural foods.B. Increase in the value of land property.C. Raising and selling rare live stock. VD. Publicity as a result of media coverage.20. The sentence in the last paragraph “...Britain isn't catchingup with mainland Europe; it's leading the way" implies thatA. Britain has taken a different path to boost economy.B. more authentic foods are being produced in Britain.C. the British are heading back to the countryside.D. the Europeans are showing great interest in country life.TEXT CIn Barcelona the Catalonians call them castells, but these aren'tstereotypical castles in Spain. These castles are made up of humanbeings, not stone. The people who perform this agile feat of acrobaticsare called castellers, and to see their towers take shape is to observea marvel of human cooperation.First the castellers form what looks like a giganticrugby scrummage.They are the foundation blocks of the castle. Behind them, other peoplepress together, forming outward-radiating ramparts of inward-pushingmuscle: flying buttresses for the castle. Then sturdy but lightercastellers scramble over the backs of those at the bottom and stand,barefoot, on their shoulders—then still others, each time adding ahigher "story".These human towers can rise higher than small apartment buildings: nine“stories”, 35 feet into the air. Then, just When it seems this towerof humanity can't defy gravity any longer, a little kid emerges fromthe crowd and climbs straight up to the top. Arms extended, the child392grins while waving to the cheering crowd far below. Dressed in their traditional costumes, the castellers seem to epitomize an easier time, before Barcelona became a world metropolis arid theMediterranean's most dynamic city. But when you observe-them tip close,in their street clothes, at practice, you see there's nothing easy aboutwhat the castellers do - and that they are not merely reenacting anancient ritual.None of the castellers can-give a logical answer as to whythey lovedoing this. But Victor Luna, 16, touches me on the shoulder and saysin English: "We do it because it's beautiful. We do it because we areCatalan."Barcelona’s mother tongue is Catalan, and to understand Barcelona,you must understand two words of Catalan: seny and rauxa. Seny prettymuch translates as common sense, or the ability to make money, arrangethings, and get things done. Rauxa is reminiscent of our words “raucous”and “ruckus”.What makes the castellers revealing of the city is that they embodyrauxa and seny. The idea of a human castle is rauxa—it defies commonsense—but to watch one going up is to see seny in action. Success isbased on everyone working together to achieve a shared goal.The success of Carlos Tusquets' bank, Fibanc, shows seny at work ineveryday life. The bank started as a family concern and now employshundreds. Tusquets said it exemplifies how the economy in Barcelonais different.Entrepreneurial seny demonstrates why Barcelona and Catalonia—theancient region of which Barcelona is the capital—are distinct fromthe rest of Spain yet essential to Spain's emergence, after centuriesof repression, as a prosperous, democratic European country. Catalonia,with Barcelona as its dynamo, has turned into an economic powerhouse.Making up 6 percent of Spain’s territory, with a sixth of its people,it accounts for nearly a quarter of Spain's production—everything fromtextiles to computers—even though the rest of Spain has been enjoyingits own economic miracle.393Hand in hand with seny goes rauxa, and there's no better place to seerauxa in action than on the Ramblas, the venerable, tree-shadedboulevard that, in gentle stages, leads you from the centre of Barcelonadown to the port. There are two narrow lanes each way for cars andmotorbikes, but it’s the wide centre walkway that makes the Ramblasa front-row seat for Barcelona's longest running theatrical event.Plastic armchairs are set out on the sidewalk. Sit in one of them, andan attendant will come and charge you a small fee. Performance artiststhrong the Ramblas—stilt walkers, witches caked in charcoal dust,Elvis impersonators. But the real stars are the old women and happilyplaying children, millionaires on motorbikes, and pimps and women who,upon closer inspection, prove not to be.Aficionados (Fans) of Barcelona love to compare notes: “Last nightthere was a man standing on the balcony of his hotel room,” MarianaBertagnolli, an Italian photographer, told me. "The balcony was on thesecond floor. He was naked, and he was talking into a cell phone."There you have it, Barcelona's essence. The man is naked (rauxa), buthe is talking into a cell phone (seny).21. From the description in the passage, we learn thatA. all Catalonians can perform castells.B. castells require performers to stand on each other.C. people perform castells in different formations.D. in castells people have to push and pull each other.22. According to the passage, the4mplication of the performance isthatA. the Catalonians are insensible and noisy people.B. the Catalonians show more sense than is expected. 394C. the Catalonians display paradoxical characteristics.D. the Catalonians think highly of team work.23. The passage cites the following examples EXCEPT __________ toshow seny at work.A. development of a bankB. dynamic role in economyC. contribution to national economyD. comparison with other regions24. In the last but two paragraph, the Ramblas is described as “afront-row seat for Barcelona’s longest running theatrical event”.What does it mean?A. On the Ramblas people can see a greater variety of performances.B. The Ramblas provides many front seats for the performances.C. The Ramblas is preferred as an important venue for the events.D. Theatrical performers like to perform on the Ramblas.25. What is the main impression of the scenes on the Ramblas?A. It is bizarre and Outlandish.B. It is of average quality.C. It is conventional and quiet.D. It is of professional standard.TEXT D395The law firm Patrick worked for before he died filed for bankruptcyprotection a year after his funeral. After his death, the firm's letterhead properly included him: Patrick S. Lanigan, 1954-1992. Hewas listed up in the right-hand corner, just above the paralegals. Thenthe rumors got started and wouldn't stop. Before long, everyonebelieved he had taken the money and disappeared. After three months,no one on the Gulf Coast believed that he was dead. His name came offthe letterhead as the debts piled up.The remaining partners in the law firm were still together, attachedunwillingly at the hip by the bondage of mortgages andthe bank notes,back when they were rolling and on the verge of serious wealth. Theyhad been joint defendants in several unwinnable lawsuits; thus thebankruptcy. Since Patrick's departure, they had tried every possibleway to divorce one another, but nothing would work. Two were ragingalcoholics who drank at the office behind locked doors, but nevertogether. The other two were in recovery, still teetering on thebrink of sobriety.He took their money. Their millions. Money they had already spent longbefore it arrived, as only lawyers can do. Money for their richlyrenovated office building in downtown Biloxi. Money for new homes,yachts, condos in the Caribbean. The money was on the way, approved,the papers signed, orders entered; they could see it, almost touch itwhen their dead partner—Patrick—snatched it at the last possiblesecond.He was dead. They buried him on February 11, 1992. They had consoledthe widow and put his rotten name on their handsome letterhead. Yetsix weeks later, he somehow stole their money.They had brawled over who was to blame. Charles Bogan, the firm's seniorpartner and its iron hand, had insisted the money be wired from itssource into a new account offshore, and this made sense after somediscussion. It was ninety million bucks, a third of which the firm wouldkeep, and it would be impossible to hide that kind of money in Biloxi,population fifty thousand. Someone at the bank would talk.Sooneveryone would know. All four vowed secrecy, even as they made plansto display as much of their new wealth as possible. There had even been396talk of a firm jet, a six-seater.So Bogan took his share of the blame. At forty-nine, he was the oldestof the four, and, at the moment, the most stable. He was also responsiblefor hiring Patrick nine years earlier, and for this he had receivedno small amount of grief.Doug Vitrano, the litigator, had made the fateful decision to recommendPatrick as the fifth partner. The other three had agreed, and whenPatrick Lanigan was added to the firm name, he had access to virtuallyevery file in the office. Bogan, Rapley, Vitrano, Havarac, and Lanigan,Attorneys and Counselors-at-Law. A large ad in the yellow pages claimed"Specialists in Offshore Injuries." Specialists or not, like most firmsthey would take almost anything if the fees were lucrative. Lots ofsecretaries and paralegals. Big overhead, and the strongest politicalconnections on the Coast.They were all in their mid- to late forties. Havarac had been raisedby his father on a shrimp boat. His hands were still proudly calloused,and he dreamed of choking Patrick until his neck snapped. Rapley wasseverely depressed and seldom left his home, where he wrote briefs ina dark office in the attic.26. What happened to the four remaining lawyers after Patrick'sdisappearance?A. They all wanted to divorce their wives.B. They were all heavily involved in debts.C. They were all recovering from drinking.D. They had bought new homes, yachts, etc.27. Which of the following statements contains a metaphor?A. His name came off the letterhead as the debts piled up.B. …they could see it, almost touch it when their dead partner...397C. …, att ached unwillingly at the h ip by the bondage of mortgages...D. …, and for this he had received no small amount of grief.28. According to the passage, what is the main cause of Patrickstealing the money?A. Patrick was made a partner of the firm.B. The partners agreed to have the money transferred.C. Patrick had access to all the files in the firm.D. Bogan decided to hire Patrick nine years earlier.29. The lawyers were described as being all the following EXCEPTA. greedy.B. extravagantC. quarrelsome.D. bad-tempered.30. Which of the following implies a contrast?A. …, and it would be impossible to hide that kind of money in Biloxi,population fifty thousand.B. They had been joint defendants in several unwinnable lawsuits; thusthe bankruptcy.C. There had even been talk of a firm jet, a six-seater.D. His name came off the letterhead as the debts piled up.398PART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN)There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose thebest answer to each question. Mark your answers on your coloured answersheet31. The largest city in Canada isA. Vancouver.B. Montreal.C. TorontoD. Ottawa.32. According to the United States Constitution, thelegislativepower is invested inA. the Federal Government.B. the Supreme Court.C. the Cabinet.D. the Congress.33. Which of the following is the oldest sport in the United States?A. Baseball.B. Tennis.C. Basketball.D. American football.34. The head of the executive branch in New Zealand is 399A. the President.B. the Governor-General.C. the British monarch,D. the Prime Minister.35. The Canterbury Tales, a collection of stories told by a groupof pilgrims on their way to Canterbury, is an important poetic workbyA. William Langland.B. Geoffrey Chaucer.C. William Shakespeare.D. Alfred Tennyson.36. Who wrote The American?A. Herman Melville.B. Nathaniel Hawthorne.C. Henry James.D. Theodore Dreiser.37. All of the following are well-known female writers in 20th-century Britain EXCEPTA. George Eliot.B. Iris Jean Murdoch.C. Doris Lessing.400D. Muriel Spark.38. Which of the following is NOT a design feature of human language?A. Arbitrariness.B. Displacement.C. Duality.D. Diachronicity.39. What type of sentence is “Mark likes fiction, but Tim isinterested in po etry.”?A. A simple sentence.B. A coordinate sentence.C. A complex sentence.D. None of the above.40. The phenomenon that words having different meanings have the sameform is calledA. hyponymy.B. synonymy.C. polysemy.D. homonymy.PART IV PROOFREADING & ERROR CORRECTION (15 MIN) 401Proofread the given passage on ANSWER SHEET TWO as。

2008年下半年全国自考（外语教学法）真题试卷(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1. Multipe Choice 2. Filling Blanks 3. Matching 4. Questions for Brief Answers 5. Questions for Long AnswersMultipe ChoiceDirections: In this section, you are given 15 questions, beneath each of which are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You are to make the best choice either to complete the incomplete statement or to answer the question. One point is given to each correct choice.1．According to the records available, human beings have been engaged in the study of language for ______centuries.A．10B．15C．20D．25正确答案：D解析：我们不知道人们从什么时候开始对他们正在使用的语言感兴趣，但根据现存的资料，我们确信人们开始研究语言至少2500多年了，即25个世纪。

故选D。

2．Traditional linguists gave priority to the written form and took ______as their starting point.A．wordsB．phrasesC．sentencesD．paragraphs正确答案：A解析：传统的语言(traditional study of language)研究在很大程度上都是实用性的。

2008年专四真题答案PART I DICTATION [15 MIN]Listen to the following passage. Altogether the passage will be read to you four times. During the first reading, which will be done at normal speed, listen and try to understand the meaning. For the second and third readings, the passage will be read sentence by sentence, or phrase by phrase, with intervals of 15 seconds. The last reading will be done at normal speed again and during this time you should check your work. You will then be given 2 minutes to check through your work once more.Please write the whole passage on ANSWER SHEET ONE.PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION [120 MIN]In Sections A, B and C you will hear everything ONCE ONLY Listen carefully and then answerthe questions that follow. Mark the correct answer to each question on your answer sheet.SECTION A CONVERSATIONSIn this section you will hear several conversations. Listen to the conversations carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 1 to 3 are based on the.following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now listen to the conversation.1. When is Anne available for the meeting?A. The third week of May.B. The third week of June.C. The eleventh of June.D. The eleventh of May.2. Their meeting will probably take place inA. London.B. Toronto.C. Mexico City.D. Chicago.3. When is Eric calling back?A. Thursday afternoon.B. Friday afternoon.C. Thursday morning.D. Friday morning.Questions 4 to 6 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the conversation.4. According to the woman, advertisementsA. let us know the best product.B. give us sufficient information.C. fail to convince people.D. give misleading information.5. In the woman's opinion, money spent on advertisements is paidA. by manufacturers.B. by customers.C. by advertisers.D. by all of them.6. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?.A. The woman seems to be negative about advertising.B. The woman appears to know more about advertising.C. The man is to be present at a debate on advertising.D. The man has a lot to talk about on advertising.Questions 7 to 10 are based on the following conversation. At the end of the conversation,you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the conversation.7. Mr Brown brought with him only a few things becauseA. there wasn't enough space in the cupboard.B. the hospital would provide him with everything.C. he was to stay there for a very short time.D. visitors could bring him other things.8. According to the hospital rules, at which of the following hours can visitors see patients?A. 2:00 pm.B. 5:00 pm.C. 7:00 pm.D. 6:00 pm.9. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT?A. Patients have breakfast at 8.B. Patients have lunch at 12.C. There are special alcohol lounges.D. There are special smoking lounges.10. Which statement best describes Mr Brown?A. He knows little about hospital rules.B. He can keep alcohol in the ward.C. He knows when to smoke.D. He is used to hospital life.SECTION B PASSAGESIn this section, you will hear several passages. Listen to the passages carefully and thenanswer the questions that follow.Questions 11 to 13 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.11. Meeting rooms of various sizes are needed forA. contacts with headquarters.B. relaxation and enjoyment.C. informal talks.D. different purposes.12. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as part of hotel facilities forguests?A. Restaurants.B. Cinemas.C. Swimming pools.D. Bars.13. A hotel for an international conference should have the following EXCEPTA. convenient transport services.B. competent office secretaries.C. good sports and restaurant facilities.D. suitable and comfortable rooms.Questions 14 to 17 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 20 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.14. The museum aims mainly to displayA. the area's technological development.B. the nation's important historical events.C. the area's agricultural and industrial development.D. the nation's agricultural and industrial development.15. The following have been significant in the area's prosperity EXCEPTA. the motorways.B. the Roman road.C. the canals.D. the railways.16. We know from the passage that some exhibitsA. are borrowed from workshops.B. are specially made for display.C. reflect the local culture and customs.D. try to reproduce the scene at that time.17. The passage probably comes fromA. a conversation on the museum.B. a museum tour guide.C. a museum booklet.D. a museum advertisement.Questions 18 to 20 are based on the following passage. At the end of the passage, you will be given 15 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the passage.18. According to the speaker, safety in dormitory means that youA. insure all your expensive things.B. lock doors when going out.C. lock windows at night.D. take all necessary precautions.19. What does the speaker suggest girls do when they are going to be out late?A. Call their friends.B. Stay with their friends.C. Avoid walking in streets.D. Always take a taxi.20. What is the speaker's last advice?A. To take a few self-defense classes.B. To stick to well-lit streets at night.C. To avoid walking alone at night.D. To stay with their friends.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTIn this section, you will hear several news items. Listen to them carefully and then answer the questions that follow.Questions 21 and 22 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now. listen to the news.21. What happened during the New Year celebration in Thailand?A. Terrorists fought with Government troops.B. Thai troops killed terrorists.C. There were shootings.D. There were explosions.22. What has led to the violent situation in the south of Thailand?A. The Muslims wanted independence.B. Thai troops have been sent there.C. About 2000 people have been killed.D. There have been more bombings since 2004.Questions 23 and 24 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.23. Under the national oil law, the Iraqi governmentA. will give more oil revenues to only a few provinces.B. will let provinces distribute their oil revenues.C. will distribute oil revenues according to population size.D. will distribute oil revenues according to security needs.24. The construction package is meant toA. help build more houses.B. help improve the country's economy.C. help more children to go to school.D. help more young people to get education.Questions 25 and 26 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.25. The joint committee will promote co-operation between Egypt and Spain in all the followingareas EXCEPTA. education.B. industry.C. investment.D. technology.26. What is this news item mainly about?A. The establishment of a joint committee.B. The trade relations between Egypt and Spain.C. The future trade volume between Egypt and Spain.D. The establishment of a joint business council.Question 27 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 5seconds to answer the question. Now, listen to the news.27. According to the news, Japanese teenage womenA. are less violent than men.B. are less violent than before.C. are more violent than before.D. are more violent than men.Question 28 is based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 5seconds to answer the question. Now, listen to the news.28. Which of the following statements is CORRECT according to the news?A. Zimbabweans stayed away from voting.B. Zimbabweans were enthusiastic about voting.C. Only a few Zimbabweans turned up to vote.D. Zimbabweans believed that Mugabe would win.Questions 29 and 30 are based on the following news. At the end of the news item, you will be given 10 seconds to answer the questions. Now, listen to the news.29. The news mentioned _____ reason(s) for the action taken by Indian telecom workers.A. 1B. 2C. 3D. 430. According to the news, who among the following were NOT affected by telecom workers' action?A. Banks.B. Big companies.C. Long-distance callers.D. Government officials.PART III CLOZE [15 MIN]Decide which of the choices given below would best complete the passage if inserted in the eorresponding blanks. Mark the best choice for each blank on your answer sheet.Salt, shells or metals are still used as money inout-of-the-way parts of the world today.Salt may seem rather a strange (31)____ to use as money, (32)_____ in countries where the food of the people is mainly vegetable, it is often an (33)_____ necessity. Cakes of salt, stamped to show their (34)____, were used as money in some countries until recent(35)_____, and cakes of salt (36)____ buy goods in Borneo and parts of Africa.Sea shells (37)_____ as money at some time(38)____ another over the greater part of the Old World. These were (39)___ mainly from the beaches of the Maldives Islands in the Indian Ocean, and were traded to India and China. In Africa, shells were traded right across the (40)___ from East to West.Metal, valued by weight, (41)____ coins in many parts of the world. Iron, in lumps, bars or rings, is still used in many countries(42)_____ paper money. It can either be exchanged(43)____ goods, or made into tools, weapons, or ornaments. The early money of China, apart from shells, was of bronze, (44)_____ in flat, round pieces with a hole in the middle, called "cash". The (45)_____ of these are between three thousand and four thousand years old - older than the earliest coins of the eastern Mediterranean.Nowadays, coins and notes have (46)____ nearly all the more picturesque (47)____ of money, and (48)____ in one or two of the more remote countries people still keep itfor future use on ceremonial (49)____ such as weddings and funerals, examples of (50)____ money will soon be found only in museums.(31) A. object B. article C. substance D. category(32) A. but B. and C. so D. even(33) A. abstract B. advantageous C. abundant D. absolute(34) A. weight B. value C. role D. size(35) A. times B. events C. situations D. conditions(36) A. even B. also C. still D. never(37) A. had been used B. are used C. would be usedD. would have been used(38) A. and B. but C. yet D. or(39) A. collected B. produced C. grown D. raised(40) A. city B. district C. communib D. continent(41) A. processed B. produced C. preceded D. proceeded(42) A. in spite of B. instead of C. along with D. in line with(43) A. against B. as C. in D. for(44) A. often B. seldom C. really D. much(45) A. earlier B.earliest C.better D.best(46) A. replaced B. reproduced C. reflected D. recovered(47) A. sizes B. shapes C. formats D. forms(48) A. while B. although C. because D. if(49) A. events B. gatherings C. occasions D. assemblies(50) A. original B. primitive C. historical D. crudePART IV GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY [15 MIN]There are thirty sentences in this section. Beneath each sentence there are four words or phrase marked A, B, C and D. Choose one word orphrase that best completes the sentence. Mark your answers on your answer sheet.51. Our association, which has consistently pressed for greater employment opportunities for tN disabled, will publish ____ proposals in the near future.A. theirB. ourC. hisD. its52. Had Judy been more careful on the maths exam, she ____ much better results now.A. would be gettingB. could have gotC. must getD. would get53. Nine is to three _____ three is to one.A. whenB. thatC. whichD. what54. Men differ from animals ____ they can think and speak.A. for whichB. for thatC. in thatD. in which55. ____ he wanted to go out with his friends at the weekend, he had to stay behind to finish his assignment.A. Much thoughB. Much asC. As muchD. Though much56. I enjoyed myself so much ____ I visited my friends in Paris last year.A. whenB. whichC. thatD. where57. Which of the following is INCORRECT?A. All his lectures were boring. C. Her few friends are all fond of dancing.B. Half his money was gone. D. He invited many his friends to the party.58. When you have finished with that book, don't forget to put it back on my desk, _____?A. do youB. don't youC. will youD. won't you59. What does "He wisely refused to spend his money" mean?A. It was wise of him to refuse to spend his money.B. He refused to spend his money in a wise manner.C. He was short of money and didn't want to buy anything.D. He refused, in a wise manner, to spend his money.60. They stood chatting together as easily and naturally as ____.A. it could beB. could beC. it wasD. was61. The following are all correct responses to "Who told the news to the teacher?" EXCEPTA. Jim did this.B. Jim did so.C. Jim did that.D. Jim did.62. Quality is ____ counts most.A. whichB. thatC. whatD. where63. In his plays Shakespeare _____ his characters live through their language.A. would makeB. had madeC. madeD. makes64. The square itself is five hundred yards wide, five times ____ the size of St. Peter's in Rome.A. /B. that ofC. which isD. of65. Which of the following sentences expresses "probability"?A. You must leave immediately.B. You must be feeling rather tired.C. You must be here by eight o'clock.D. You must complete the reading assignment on time.66. When he first started in university, he really felt at _____ with his major --- economics.A. shoreB. bankC. oceanD. sea67. On the road motorists should be aware of cyclists and be ____ towards them.A. considerableB. consideringC. considerateD. considered68. Sally was a bit shy, but the teacher found her quite ____ discussing a recent film with others.A. at homeB. at mostC. at houseD. at bean69. The company has capitalized _____ the error of judgment made by its business competitor.A. inB. overC. withD. on70. Tim has failed three courses this semester, so he will have to _____ them next semester.A. remakeB. repeatC. reapplyD. revise71. Keep this reference book; it may come in _____ one day.A. handyB. usefulC. convenientD. helpful72. The questions that the speaker raised were well ____ the average adult.A. pastB. onC. beyondD. through73. Teachers in this school were encouraged to use drama as a(n) _____ of learning.A. designB. instrumentC. agencyD. tool74. First, we need to find out what his scheme is, and then act _____.A. sensitivelyB. imaginativelyC. efficientlyD. accordingly75. At first Jim was not quite clear what he was going to do after university, but now he seems_____ on becoming a computer programmer.A. fitB. setC. disposedD. decided76. When invited to talk about his achievements+ he refused to blow his own _____ anddeclined to speak at the meeting.A. trumpetB. whistleC. bugleD. flute77. In spite of the treatment, the pain in his leg grew inA. gravityB. extentC. intensityD. amount78. Bus services between Town Centre and Newton Housing Estate will be _____ until themotorway is repaired.A. discontinuedB. suspendedC. haltedD. ceased79. The moon, being much nearer to the Earth than the Sun, is the ____ cause of the tides.A. principalB. basicC. initialD. elementary80. Teddy came to my ____ with a cheque of $200 to pay my room rate, after I phoned himthat my wallet had been stolen.A. attendanceB. assistanceC. rescueD. safetyPART V READING COMPREHENSION [25 MIN]In this section there are four passages followed by questions or unfinished statements, each with four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer. Mark your answers on your answer sheet.TEXT AWhen the sun is up in Amsterdam, the largest city in the Netherlands sits quietly on theAmstel River. You can rent a bicycle, visit the Van Gogh or Anne Frank museum, or take a water taxi.But when the sun goes down, the partying begins. In the big clubs and in coffee shops,tourists gather to hang out, talk politics and smoke.Several areas of the city clearly show the two worlds that rule Amsterdam. And they're allwithin a short cab ride of each other.For example, Dam Square attracts daytime sightseers to its festivals, open markets, concerts and other events. Several beautiful and very popular hotels can be found there. And there is the Royal Palace and the Magna Plaza shopping mall.But as evening descends on Dam Square so do the party-seekers. Hip pop or funk music begins blaring from Club Paradiso and Club Melkweg. These are two of the most popular clubs in Europe. So if you come, be ready to dance. The clubs don't shut down until 4 am.And while you are there, check out the various inexpensive ways to tour the city. Don't worry about getting lost. Although Dutch is the official language, most people in Amsterdam speak English and are happy to help you with directions.And you'll notice that half the people in the streets are on bicycles. They rent for US$17 to $20 for a whole day.Amsterdam also has a good canal system. From anywhere between U852 and $9.50, you can use the canal bus or a water taxi to cruise the "Venice of the North".You can take in the picturesque canal house architecture: The rows of neat, narrow four-story dwellings of brownstone with large windows are well worth seeing. Many of them are several centuries old.You might also want to jump out of the canal bus at the Museum Quarter and start walking. Masterpieces by Dutch artists such as Rembrandt, Bruegel, Van Gogh and others are on display at the Van Gogh Museum, Rembrandt House and others.The city has an appreciation of its historic past. One place to visit is the Anne Frank House in Nine Streets. It was there that the young Jewish girl wrote her famous diary during World War II. Visitors can view Anne's original diary and climb behind the bookcase to the room where she and her family hid from the Nazis for two years.81. At the beginning of the passage, the author indicates thatA. Amsterdam is generally known as a quiet city.B. parties go on all day long in Amsterdam,C. Amsterdam presents two different pictures.D. Amsterdam attracts many daytime visitors.82. Which tourist attraction is cited for elaboration in Paragraphs Four and Five?A. Royal Palace.B. Dam Square.C. Club Paradiso.D. Magna Plaza.83. According to the passage, the local people have all the following characteristics EXCEPTA. they are party goers.B. they show hospitality.C. they can speak English.D. they are fond of cycling.84. Which of the following adjectives can best describe Amsterdam as a tourist city?A. Modern.B. Delightful.C. Quiet.D. Historic.TEXT BIn an article some Chinese scholars are described as being "tantalized by the mysteriousdragon bone hieroglyphics." Tantalized is one of many English words that have their origins in myths and legends of the past (in this case, Greek and Roman ones). The meaning of the verb tantalize is a very particular one: "to promise or show something desirable to a person and then take it away; to tease by arousing hope." Many (but not all) English dictionaries give you a brief indication of a word's origins in brackets before or after the explanation of the meaning. For tantalize the following explanation is given: [> Tantalus]. This means that you should look up the name Tantalus to find out the word's origins, and if you do, you will find out that in Greek mythology, Tantalus was a kingwho was punished in the lower world with eternal hunger and thirst; he was put up to his chin in water that always moved away when he tried to drink it and with fruit on branches above him placed just a little bit out of his reach. Can you see why his name was changed into a verb meaning "to tease or torment by arousing desire"?Another example is the word siren, familiar to us as the mechanical device that makes suchan alarming sound when police cars, ambulances, or fire engines approach. This word also has its origins in Greek mythology. The traveler Odysseus (Ulysses to the Romans) made his men plug their ears so that they wouldn't hear the dangerous voices of the sirens, creatures who were half bird and half woman and who lured sailors to their deaths on sharp rocks. So the word came to be associated both with a loud sound and with danger!When someone speaks of a "jovial mood" or a "herculean effort," he or she is using words with origins in mythology. Look these words up to find their meaning and relationship to myths.Many common words, such as thenames for the days of the week and the months of the year, also come from mythology. Wednesday derives from the ancient Norse king of the gods, Woden, and Thursday was originally Thor's day, in honour of Thor, the god of thunder. As a matter of fact, all the planets, except the one we live on, bear names that come from Romanmythology,including the planet that is farthest away from the sun and for that reason was called after the Roman god of the dead. This god has also given his name to one of the chemical elements.Several other elements have names that come from mythology, too.It seems that myths and legends live on in the English language.85. The purpose of the first sentence in Paragraph One is ____.A. to describe the work of some Chinese scholars.B. to arouse readers' interest in hieroglyphics.C. to lead readers onto the main theme.D. to link the preceding part to the present one.86. We learn from the passage, all English dictionaries include _____.A. legends.B. mythology.C. word origins.D. word definitions.87. The example of tantalize is to show _____.A. how the word came into existence.B. how Tantalus was punished in the lower world.C. how all English dictionaries show word origins.D. how the meaning of the word changed over the years.88. According to the passage, which of the following does NOT have origins in myths orlegends?A. Jovial.B. Wednesday.C. Earth.D. March.89. Which of the following can best serve as the title of the passage?A. Greek and Roman Mythology in Language.B. Mythological Origins of English Words.C. Historical Changes in Word Meanings.D. Mythology and Common Words.TEXT CMy heart sank when the man at the immigration counter gestured to the back room. l'm an American born and raised, and this was Miami, where I live, but they weren't quite ready to let me in yet."Please wait in here, Ms Abujaber," the immigration officer said. My husband, with his very American last name, accompanied me. He was getting used to this. The same thing had happened recently in Canada when I'd flown to Montreal to speak at a book event. That time they held me for 45 minutes. Today we were returning from a literaryfestival in Jamaica, and I was startled that I was being sent "in back" once again.The officer behind the counter called me up and said, "Miss, your name looks like the nameof someone who's on our wanted list. We're going to have to check you out with Washington.""How long will it take?""Hard to say ... a few minutes," he said. "We'll call you when we're ready for you." After an hour, Washington still hadn't decided anything about me. "Isn't this computerized?"I asked at the counter. "Can't you just look me up?"Just a few more minutes, they assured me.After an hour and a half, I pulled my cell phone out to call the friends I was supposed to meet that evening. An officer rushed over. "No phones!" he said. "For all we know you could be calling a terrorist cell and giving them information.""I'm just a university professor," I said. My voice came out in a squeak."Of course you are. And we take people like you out of here in leg irons every day."I put my phone away.My husband and 1 were getting hungry and tired. Whole families had been brought into the waiting room, and the place was packed with excitable children, exhausted parents, even a flight attendant.I wanted to scream, to jump on a chair and shout: "I'm an American citizen; a novelist; l probably teach English literature to your children." Or would that all be counted against me?After two hours in detention, I was approached by one of the officers. "You're free to go," he said. No explanation or apologies. For a moment, neither of us moved, we were still in shock.Then we leaped to our feet."Oh, one more thing." He handed me a tattered photocopy with an address on it. "If you weren't happy with your treatment, you can write to this agency.""Will they respond?" I asked."I don't know --- I don't know of anyone who's ever written to them before." Then he added,"By the way, this will probably keep happening each time you travel internationally.""What can I do to keep it from happening again?"He smiled the empty smile we'd seen all day. "Absolutely nothing."After telling several friends about our ordeal, probably the most frequent advice I've heard in response is to change my name. Twenty years ago, my own graduate school writing professor advised me to write under a pen name so that publishers wouldn't stick me in what he called "the ethnic ghetto" --- a separate, secondary shelf in the bookstore. But a name is an integral part of anyone'spersonal and professional identity -just like the town you're born in and the place where you're raised.Like my father, I'll keep the name, but my airport experience has given me a whole new perspective on what diversity and tolerance are supposed to mean. I had no idea that being an American would ever be this hard.90. The author was held at the airport because _____.A. she and her husband returned from Jamaica.B. her name was similar to a terrorist's.C. she had been held in Montreal.D. she had spoken at a book event.91. She was not allowed to call her friends because _____.A. her identity hadn't been confirmed yet.B. she had been held for only one hour and a half.C. there were other families in the waiting room.。

08年专八真题及答案解析在备考英语专业八级考试时，熟悉往年的真题是非常重要的。

通过对真题的解析和分析，可以更好地了解考试的出题规律和重点内容，有助于提高备考效果。

本文将对2008年的英语专业八级真题进行解析，帮助考生更好地备考。

一、听力部分听力部分是英语专业八级考试的重要组成部分，也是很多考生感到困难的部分。

2008年的专八听力部分包括短对话、长对话和听力篇章。

在备考过程中，可以通过多听多练来提高听力水平。

短对话部分主要考察考生对于日常生活和学习情景的理解。

考生需要从对话中抓住关键信息，判断说话者的意图和态度。

长对话部分则会涉及一些学术或专业知识，考生需要通过听力理解材料的内容，并回答相关问题。

对于听力篇章，考生需要综合运用听力技巧和词汇知识来理解篇章的主题、目的和关键信息。

在备考过程中，可以通过模拟真实考试环境来训练听力技巧，例如在有限的时间内听材料，并做笔记。

二、阅读部分阅读部分是英语专业八级考试的另一个重要组成部分，也是考生需要重点准备的内容之一。

2008年的专八阅读部分包括课文阅读、教材阅读和报刊杂志阅读。

课文阅读部分主要考察考生对于英语语言学和翻译理论的理解。

考生需要通过阅读理解课文的主旨、观点和论证，以及解析文章中的语言现象和翻译难点。

教材阅读部分涉及到文化、教育、社会科学等各个领域的文章。

考生需要通过阅读理解和解析文章的主题、结构和论据，以及理解文章的观点和作者的态度。

报刊杂志阅读部分则主要考查考生对于当前社会时事和热点话题的理解。

考生需要通过阅读理解并分析文章的观点、事实和论据。

在备考阅读部分时，可以多读一些相关的文章和材料，扩大自己的词汇量和句子结构的熟悉度。

同时，多做一些练习题，对照答案进行检查，找出自己的不足和问题所在，进行有针对性的提高。

三、写作部分写作部分是英语专业八级考试中的重要部分，也是很多考生感到困惑的部分。

2008年的专八写作部分包括作文和翻译两个部分。

作文部分要求考生根据提供的材料或主题，写一篇约300词的短文。

法学专业英语教程第二版答案1、Have you kept in（）with any of your friends from college? [单选题] *A. contractB. contact(正确答案)C. continentD. touching2、Ordinary books, _________ correctly, can give you much knowledge. [单选题] *A. used(正确答案)B. to useC. usingD. use3、What did you _______ at the meeting yesterday? [单选题] *A. speakB. tellC. say(正确答案)D. talk4、With all the work on hand, he _____ to the cinema last night. [单选题] *A.should goB.must have goneC.might goD..shouldn’t have gone(正确答案)5、Yesterday I _______ a book.It was very interesting. [单选题] *A. lookedB. read(正确答案)C. watchedD. saw6、You should finish your homework as soon as possible. [单选题] *A. 赶快地B. 尽能力C. 一...就D. 尽快地(正确答案)7、In fact, Beethoven did something brave than dying. [单选题] *A. 勇敢(正确答案)B. 冒险C. 可怕D. 奇妙8、27．Will it ______ warm in the room? [单选题] *A．areB．be(正确答案)C．isD．going to be9、--Do you often go to the cinema _______ Sunday?--No, we _______. [单选题] *A. on; don’t(正确答案)B. on; aren’tC. in; doD. in; don’t10、Generally speaking, it is _______ to ask a woman’s age in western countries. [单选题] *A. possibleB. importantC. not polite(正确答案)D. polite11、I could ______ control my feelings and cried loudly when I heard the bad news. [单选题] *A. hardly(正确答案)B. ?reallyC. clearlyD. nearly12、I _______ the job because I couldn’t stand(忍受) the rules. [单选题] *A. gave inB. gave outC. gave backD. gave up(正确答案)13、I will _______ at the school gate. [单选题] *A. pick you up(正确答案)B. pick up youC. pick you outD. pick out you14、I didn't hear _____ because there was too much noise where I was sitting. [单选题] *A. what did he sayB. what he had said(正确答案)C. what he was sayingD. what to say15、73．（）about the man wearing sunglasses during night that he was determined to follow him．[单选题] *A. So curious the detective wasB.So curious was the detective(正确答案)C.How curious was the detectiveD.How curious the detective was16、You could hardly imagine _______ amazing the Great Wall was. [单选题] *A. how(正确答案)B. whatC. whyD. where17、20．Jerry is hard-working. It’s not ______ that he can pass the exam easily. [单选题] *A．surpriseB．surprising (正确答案)C．surprisedD．surprises18、I?have to?_______ my younger brother on Sunday. [单选题] *A. look after(正确答案)B. look upC. take careD. look out19、Both Mary and Linda don't care for fish. [单选题] *A. 喜欢(正确答案)B. 关心C. 照料D. 在乎20、Jim, it’s dark now. Please _______ the light in the room. [单选题] *A. turn on(正确答案)B. turn upC. turn offD. turn down21、We need two ______ and two bags of ______ for the banana milk shake.（）[单选题]*A. banana; yogurtB. banana; yogurtsC. bananas; yogurt(正确答案)D. bananas; yogurts22、You can ask（）is on duty there tonight. [单选题] *A. WhatB. whomC. whoever(正确答案)D. whomever23、Which is _______ city, Shanghai, Beijing or Chengdu? [单选题] *A. largeB. largerC. largestD. the largest(正确答案)24、Sichuan used to have more people than ______ province in China. [单选题] *A. otherB. any other(正确答案)C. anotherD. any others25、If by any chance someone comes to see me, ask him to leave a _____. [单选题] *A. message(正确答案)B. letterC. sentenceD. notice26、There is a bank ______ the street. [单选题] *A. on the end ofB. in the end ofC. at the end of(正确答案)D. by the end of27、Which animal do you like _______, a cat, a dog or a bird? [单选题] *A. very muchB. best(正确答案)C. betterD. well28、Online shopping _______ very popular now. [单选题] *A. is(正确答案)B. areC. wasD. were29、E-mail is _______ than express mail, so I usually email my friends. [单选题] *A. fastB. faster(正确答案)C. the fastestD. more faster30、32．Mr. Black is ______ now, so he wants to go to a movie with his son. [单选题] * A．busyB．free(正确答案)C．healthyD．right。