衡水二中2021高三英语必备
熟词新义
1.about
adv. 1.大约，左右It costs about 10 yuan. (some, around, or so, approximately)
2. nearly; very close to This is about the best we can hope for.
3. 到处，处处The children were running about in the garden.
4. 闲着，无所事事People were standing about in the road.
5. 附近，周围There was nobody about.
6. ‘anything else?’“no, that’s about it for now ”就这些
prep.1.关于，对于a book about flowers
2.目的是；涉及…方面Movies are all about making money these days.
3. 忙于；从事于Everywhere people were going about their daily business.
4. 到处，各处He looked about the room.
5. 在…附近，在…地方She is somewhere about the office.
6. 围绕She wore a shawl about her shoulders.
7. What about/how about sth/doing
adj. be about to do sth when 即将做某事
2.act
n. 1.行为an act of kindness 善行2.a criminal act一种犯罪行为
3.法案(通过): An act went through the committee.
v. 1.做事；行动We should act to stop the destruction of flood.
2.充当Can you act as interpreter? 同义：serve as/work as
3.短语:act on his suggestions 按照Act out the whole incident 表演出来
3.add(熟义：增加)vt 接着说，又说“They don’t know.”he added. “他们不知道。”他接着又说。
4.address （熟义：地址，写地址）n. 地址；致辞；演说/讲
1.Please ask him to leave his address.
2. She gave an
address of welcome. 她致欢迎辞。
3.The president gave/delivered an address over the radio.总统
作了一个广播演说。
vt．①在…上写姓名、地址②称呼③向……发表演说, ~ sb./sth/ 致辞④处理,应对
1.Please address the letter for me.
2.The president should be address ed as “Mr President.”总统应称为“总统先生”。
3.He is going to address the meeting in a minute．他一会儿就要在大会上讲话了。
Address sb. in English
4.The article addresses the problems of diseases connected
with flu.
(deal with, handle, approach, attend to)
5. admit pt./pp. admitted n. admission 入场费
①承认；招认，招供～(to)sth./doing sth. /having done
She admits (to) being strict with her children. She admitted theft.她招认了偷盗行为。
②～sb./sth. to /into …允许进入
The servant opened the door and admitted me into the house.仆人打开门，请我进去。
③容纳=hold/contain/seat, /house, The theatre only admits 1,000 persons.
④～sb./sth. to /into …准许…加入（俱乐部，组织）；接收（入学）；接收入院
The society admits all US citizens over 21. 凡21岁以上的美国公民均可加入该社团。
He was admitted into Qinghua University. 他被清华大学录取了
Two crash victims were admitted to the local hospital. 两位车祸受害者已送进当地医院。
6. adapt （熟义：适应）vt．使某物适合与新的用途,情况等;修改;改编或改写(稿本)
These styles can be adapt ed to suit individual tastes. 这些式样均可改动以适应个人不同的爱好.
This novel has been adapt ed for radio from Russian original.
Adapt-- adaptation,-- adaptable, adapt (oneself ) to doing sth.,
Adjust
7. adopt -- adoption,（熟义：收养; 过继）vt．采纳; 采取; 采用We adopt their teaching method.
8. against prep．（熟义：反对，违背）I am against him. We shouldn’t go against nature.
fight against cancer
衬着，迎着The picture looks good against the white wall．和…对比；对照Look at this year's sales figures against last year's; they’re so much better.
Weigh the costs against the future profits 碰撞击The rain beating against the window.
逆着He is swimming upstream against the current.
靠着He leaned against the wall.
防，抗Store food against the cold winter. A cream to protect against sunburn,
对...不利The evidence is against her.
9. apply 熟义：申请求职apply-applies--applied-application-- applicant
apply to sb for a position向…申请职位
apply to do sth 申请做…eg：He applied to the company for a job. 他向这个公司申请一份工作
He has applied to join the army.他已报名参军
vt 使用；应用apply A to B 把A 应用于B = B is applied to
A
eg：The new technology was applied to farming. 这项新技术已应用于农业
vt 涂；抹；敷apply sth to sth 把…涂抹到…上eg：Apply the cream to your face and neck.
vt 手压；脚踩;用力压apply stheg：He applied the brake of the vehicle. 他踩住了车辆的刹车
Pressure applied to the wound will stop the bleeding. 压住伤口可以止血
vt 勤奋（工作，学习）apply oneself/sth to sth/doing
eg：You would pass your exams if you applied yourself.努力学习就会通过考试
We applied our minds to finding a solution to our problem. 我们绞尽脑汁寻求解决问题的办法。
vi&vt 有关；涉及apply to sb/sth apply sth to sb/sth
eg：What I am saying applies only to some of you. 我所说的只涉及你们中的一些人
The word “unexciting”could never be applied to her novels. “乏味”这个词绝对和她的小说沾不上边
10. arm （熟义：n．手臂）n．武器v．用武器装备；提供，配备
He caught the thief by the arm. 他抓住了小偷的胳膊。
Lay down your arms o r we'll fire！放下武器，否则，我们就开枪了！
These security guards armed themselves with guns. 这些保安配有
枪支。
The book arms the reader with a mass of useful information. 这本书为读者提供大量有用的信息。
Police say the man is arm ed with guns and very dangerous. 警察说该男子携有枪，十分危险。
（armed adj. 武装的持枪的）
arm in arm 臂挽臂地cost/pay an arm and a leg 花一大笔钱/
keep sb at arm’s length 与某人保持距离；不亲近某人
11. attend 熟义：出席；参加attend a meeting/ party/ lecture attend school/ church/ college
新义1. 看护;照料Nurses are busy attending (to) the wounded. 护士正忙着照料伤员。
2. 注意;专心She hadn’t been attending during the lesson. 上课时她一直不专心。
3. 随行;陪同The president was attended by several members of his staff. 总统有几名幕僚随从
attend to ①照料②处理;对付I have some urgent business to attend to.我有一些急事要处理
③接待;服侍(serve) Are you being attended to, sir? 先生，有人接待你吗？
12.badly adv. (worse, worst) 反义词：well
1).拙劣地；差；不认真仔细to play/ sing badly 表演/唱的不好badly designed/ organized 设计/组织得差
2.)不成功地；受挫I did badly in my exams.
3.)未能令人满意badly paid / treated报酬低微、受虐待
The kids took the dog’s death very badly. 孩子们对狗的死感到难过（难以接受）
4.)给人坏的印象；负面地
The economic crisis reflects badly on the government’s policies.经济危机反映出政府政策不如人意的一面
Don’t think badly of him.不要把他想的太坏。
5.)很，非常The building is badly in need of repair.这栋楼急需维修。
They wanted to win so badly. 他们求胜心切。I miss her badly. 翻译：________________
6).严重地，厉害地badly damaged/ injured/ hurt
The country has been badly affected by recession. 该国受到经济衰退的严重影响。
Everything is gone badly wrong!一切都糟透了
----badly off adj.（1）贫困的，拮据的(worse off, worst off) 反义词：well off
We aren’t too badly off but we can’t afford a house like that.
（2）境况不佳的I’ve got quite a big room so I’m not too badly off.
13．before （熟义：以前）conj．才；就
It was a long time before I got to sleep again．过了很久我才再睡着。
It will be a long time before he comes back. 过很长时间他就会回来
了。
I hadn't waited long before he came．我没有等多久，他就来了。
The task before us is daunting one. 面临
He was brought before the judge. 当面
They retreated before the enemy 面对某人，某事时的反应
Put that away before it gets broken. 以免
I’d die before I apologized! 宁可…而不愿
14.block
n. 1）大块，立方体。a block of ice 一块冰
2）街区。His apartment is 3 blocks away from mine. 他家离我家三个街区远。
3）建筑= building. an office block 办公大楼。
4）阻碍，障碍物=obstacle
Lack of training acts as a block to progress in a career. 缺乏训练会妨碍事业的发展。
v. 堵塞，阻塞，堵住，挡住拦截
After today’s heavy snow, many roads are still blocked (堵塞)
a blocked sink. 堵塞的洗碗槽
An ugly new building blocked the view from the window. (遮住) His shot was blocked by the goalie. 他踢的球被守门员拦住了。
block sth off (用路障)封锁，堵住
block sth out ①挡住，遮住（光线和声音）②忘掉，抹去（不愉快的事）
eg. Black clouds blocked out the sun. 乌云遮住了太阳
Over the years she had tried to blocked out that part of her life. 从记忆中抹去….
block sth up塞住，封住（孔、洞）
eg. My nose is blocked up. 我的鼻子塞了。
One door had been blocked up 一扇门被封死了。
15．blow(熟义：吹，刮)n．打击His wife’s death was a great blow to him.
1. It is blowing a gale. 狂风大作
2. Blow your nose. 擤鼻子
3. blow sb a kiss 飞吻
4. blow glass 吹制玻璃器皿
5. The car spun out of control when a tyre blew. 爆胎
6. One mistake could blow your cover. 暴露，泄露
7. He blew all his money on drink and gambling. 挥霍
8. She blow her chances by arriving late for the interview. 浪费机会
9. Let’s blow this joint. 离开
10.blow one’s brains out 枪击头部自杀11. blow chunks 呕吐12. blow a guff on sb/sth 泄露秘密
13. blow hot and cold about sth 出尔反尔14. blow sb /sth out of the water 毁灭；表明…不好
15. blow your own trumpet自吹自擂16. blow your top 暴跳如雷17. blow the whistle on sb/ sth 告发
18.blow sth apart 炸毁；表明…是错的19.blow sb away 枪杀某人；使
某人大吃一惊；使某人高兴
20.blow sb off 结束与某人的恋爱关系21. blow out 熄灭
16.build,
1.v. 逐渐增强The tension and excitement built gradually all day.紧张与兴奋的气氛越来越浓。
All the pressure built up. 各方面的压力越来越大。
2．n. 体形，体格，身材。
Tom is a man of average build. 中等身材的人。The football player has a solid build.体格健壮。
17.can多义
1）情态动词能够can---could He couldn’t answer the question.
2）情态动词表客观可能性He can be bad-tempered sometimes/ at times.
3）n.罐, 罐头,监狱，牢房 a can of Coke an oil can油罐
4）v.把…装罐,把…做成罐头can---canned---canned My mother cans fruit.
18．capital （熟义：首都）n．大写字母；资本adj. 大写字母的
capital letter 大写字母
Begin your sentence with a capital. 句子的第一个字母要大写。
Jack set up a business with a starting capital of $100,000. Jack 的创业资本是$100,000。
1.Cairo is the capital of Egypt. 汉译_________
2.He set up a business with a starting capital of $ 100 000. 汉译_________
https://www.doczj.com/doc/707215214.html,e block capitals. / Please write in capitals. / in capital letters. 汉译_________
4.English is written with a capital E. 汉译________ (adj.)
5.make capital out (of) sth. 汉译________________
He made capital out of the disagreement within the company.
1.首都
2.资本，启动资金【sing.】
3.大写字母【c】
4.大写的
5. 从…中捞取好处，利用…谋求私利
19.carry-carried-carried-carrying
1.）拿；提；搬；抗；背She carried her baby in her arms.
2.）佩戴；携带Police in many countries carry guns. ----- carry sth. in one’s mind,
3.）传播；传染Ticks（虱子）can carry a disease which affects humans.
4.）支撑；承载A road bridge has to carry a lot of traffic.
5.）承担（责任）He is carrying the department.他支撑这个部门。
6.）具有某种品质或特点Her speech carried the ring of authority. 她的讲话带着权威的口吻。
7.）带到…地方/位置Her abilities carried her to the top of her profession.
8.）赞成；支持The resolution was carried by 340 votes to 210. 这项决议以340票对210票获得通过。
9.）怀孕She was carrying twins.
10.）出售；销售We carry a range of educational software.
11) The local newspapers carried the story.--- run,
20.catch: 熟义：抓住，握住，接住(take hold of)
生义：①逮住，捕捉(capture a person or an animal that tries or would try to escape)；
②赶车或及时做(to be in time for bus; to be in time to do sth) catch a bus
③意外的发生，突然遭受(to happen unexpectedly and put sb in a difficult situation)
be caught in the rain/ traffic jam
④得病（get an illness）catch a cold
⑤听见、理解(to hear or understand sth) I can’t catch you.
⑦烧着，点着(to begin to burn) catch fire,
⑧当场发现(find sb doing sth, especially sth wrong) catch him cheating
1. She managed to catch the keys as they fell. _______
2. The murderer was never caught. _________
3. Our cat is hopeless at catching mice. ____________
4. I caught her cheating in the exam. ________
5. We caught the 12:15 from Oxford. _____
6. The illness can be treated provided it is caught early enough. ___
7. His arrival caught me by surprise. ___________8. She got caught in
a thunderstorm. ___________
9. I must have caught this cold from you. ________10. Sorry, I didn’t quite catch what you said. ________
11. These logs are wet: they won’t catch. __________
12. catch on受欢迎，流行起来（become popular or fashionable）理解
He invented a new game, but it never really caught on. __________
He is quick to catch on to things.
答案：
1.她接住了落下的钥匙。
2.这个杀人犯一直未抓到。
3.我们的猫绝对抓不到老鼠。
4. 我抓住他考试作弊。
5.我们赶上了12：15从牛津发出的火车。
6. 此病若及早发现是可医治的。
7.他的到来让我感到意外。
8.他遇上了雷雨。9. 我的感冒想必是你传染的。10. 对不起，我没听清楚你的话。
11. 这些木柴是湿的，烧不着。12.他发明了一种新游戏，但从未真正流行起来。
21.cause
1）. What was the cause of the fire? 汉译：_____________
2）. You have no cause for complaint/no cause to complain. 汉译：_____________
3.）Her life was devoted to the cause of justice. 汉译：_____________
4.）pleading one's cause 汉译：_____________
5.）Smoking can cause lung cancer. 汉译：_____________
答案：1. 原因; 导致某事物发生的事物﹑人等2. 理由; 缘故3. 极力维护或支持的目标﹑原则或运动; 事业4. 诉讼的问题或事由plead one’s cause为…辩护; 分辩.5. 造成（某事物）; 使发生
22.Certain熟义Sth that you can ryly on to happen or to be true 确实，确定It’s certain that he will come.
firmely believing sth, having no doubts Are you certain about this?
生义：不提及细节时用，某事，某人，某种for certain personal reasons 与人名连用，不是说话者不认识某人It was a certain Davis who performed the operation.
轻微的，微笑的，显而易见确难以描述的I felt there was a certain coldness in her manner.
23.Change 熟义变化Rick hasn’t changed. He looks exactly the same as he did at school.
Computers have changed the way people work.
Wait for the traffic lights to change. Leaves change color in autumn.
生义
24. Company 熟义：公司
生义：剧团，演出团the Royal Shakespeare Company
陪伴，作伴A man is known by the company he keeps.近朱者赤近墨者黑
宾客I didn’t realize you had company.
在一起的一群人It is bad manners to whisper in company.(=in a group of people)
24.Cost 熟义：花费，值...
生义：使某人付出时间，劳力，牺牲等careless driving will cost you your life.
代价，损失she saved him from the fire but at the cost of her own life.
Costs 成本cut/reduce costs 诉讼费用he was ordered to pay 2000 costs.
running/operating/labour costs
25.Count 熟义：数目v 数
生义：vi重要，有关系vt 认为...重要Every points in the game counts.
计算，清点总数There are two weeks to go, counting from today.
包括we have invited 50 people, not counting the children.
正式接纳Applications received after July 1st will not be counted.
认为，看作，被视为I count him among my closet friends.
27.Course
1) The college runs specialist language courses.这所学院开设有专门语言课程。
2) The plane was on/off course.飞机航向正确/偏离.
3) The wisest course would be to say nothing.最明智的对策是缄口不语。（行动方式，处理方法）
4) An event that changed the the course of history.改变了历史进程的事件
5) The main course was roast duck.主菜是烤鸭。
6) She was overtaken on the last stretch of the course.她在最后一个直道上被超过。（比赛场地、跑道，泳道）
7) The path follows the course of the river.小路沿河道延伸。
8) To prescribe a course of antibiotics 开一个疗程抗生素的处方
28．cover （熟义：覆盖）v．够付（费用）；走完（一段路）；涉及；报导; 包含
Here is ￡5；that should cover all your expenses．这儿有5英镑，应该够付你所有的开支。
By sunset we had covered thirty miles.到日落的时候，我们已走了三十英里。
He is carrying out a research that covers a wild field. 他正在进行涉及范围很广的研究工作。
He was sent to cover the event. 他被派去报道这事件。
I am covering for Jane while she is on leave.简休假时我来顶替她工作。
29. degree （熟义：学位）n．程度
She has also been affected, but to a lesser degree. 她也受到波
及，但程度较轻。
30．desert （熟义：沙漠）vt．离开，抛弃
We sheltered from the storm in a deserted garage．我们在一间空无人住的茅屋里躲暴风雨。
31．do （熟义：做，制作）v．行, 适合
—Which do you prefer，coffee or tea？
—Either will do．It makes no difference for me．随便，对我来说没什么区别。
32. drive 熟义：驾驶v. 驾车送（人）；驱使n. 驾车路程；传动装置；驱动器（计算机）
drive away/drive sb away 驱车离开；使离去
1) Could you drive me home? 你可以开车送我回家吗？
2) Do you have any idea what has driven him mad? 你知道什么使他发疯的吗？
33. due 熟义：由于adj. 预定，预期；须立即支付，到期
1)The team’s success was largely due to her efforts. 这个队的成功在很大程度上是她努力的结果。
2) When is the baby due？宝宝什么时候出世？
3) The next train is due (to leave) in five minutes. 下一班火车预计在五分钟后抵达。
4) Payment is due on 1 October. 付款期限为十月一号。
34.energy 熟义：能量，能源n. 精力，活力；能源
1) She is always full of energy. / She is always energetic. 她总是充满
活力。
2) She put all her energies into her work. 她把全部精力投入到工作之中。
3) solar/nuclear energy 太阳能；核能
35. escape 熟义：逃走v. 被忘记n. 逃跑；解脱；退出键（escape key /Esc）
1) She managed to escape from the burning car. 她设法从燃烧的汽车里逃了出来。
2) She was lucky to escape punishment. 她逃脱惩罚正是幸运。
3) He narrowly escape being killed./ He had a narrow escape. 他险些丧命。
4) His name escaped me for the moment. 我一时想不起他的名字了。
36. even 熟义：甚至adv. 即使，adj. 平坦的；不想上下的；偶数的；平和的vt. even out 变平坦
1) It was cold there even in summer. 那儿即使夏天也很冷。
2) You need an even surface to work on. 你需要有个平台在上面工作。
3) an even contest 势均力敌的竞赛。--close
37.express [ik'spres] vt. 1.用言词表达(思想)，用话表示，陈述：to express an idea clearly
2.表达，表示，表白，表露，显露；显出，显示，展示；体现：to express one's anger 表示恼怒
Her face expressed sorrow.她的脸上表露出悲哀。
3.[express oneself](如在说话、写作或绘画中)表达(自己)的意见、感情等：
Jack can express himself eloquently.杰克能雄辩地表达自己。to express oneself in good English
4.特快专送(邮件)；[美国英语]快运(货物、包裹、钱等)，特快发送：to express a package or merchandise
5.榨，压榨，榨出，压出，挤压出(汁、液、乳等)：to express the juice of grapes
Adj.迅速的an express letter 快信express delivery 快递
清楚的it was his express wish that you have his gold watch after his death.
Adv. the parcel was sent express
n. 快车，快邮，速递the express to Beijing send goods by express
38.fail vi. 1.）失败，未能成功，未能做到：The experiment failed.
2.）衰弱，减弱，消失，衰退：Her sight is beginning to fail.
3.）停止作用，失灵，出故障：The brakes failed. 制动器失灵。
4.）缺乏，欠缺，不足：The water supply failed. 水供应不足。
5.）破产，倒闭，失去支付能力：Several of the biggest banks failed during the depression.倒闭
6.）枯萎，凋谢：The flowers failed for lack of rain.由于缺少雨水，花凋谢了。
7.）(考试)不及格He failed in the exam.
8.）(义务、责任等)未能履行，玩忽职守，辜负(期望等)：She failed in her duty. 她没有履行她的职责。
fail vt.
1.）未能…，未做…；疏忽；漏做(某事)，忽略；忘记[与不定式连用]：He failed to go.
2.）舍弃，遗弃：
His girl friend failed him. 她的女朋友抛弃了他。
3.）无用，无助于；使失望，使(希望等)落空，辜负期望：
When I wanted his help ,he failed me.在我需要他帮助的时候，他使我感到失望。
4.）使…不及格；使…失败：He failed no students this term. He failed chemistry. 他化学没有及格。
5）.缺少，缺乏：to fail courage 缺乏勇气
Fail n. 1)不及格2)失败,迟误[现仅用于短语without fail必定，务必
39.fairly adv. you are not treating us fairly 公平的.公正的
This is a fairly easy book. 相当的，适度的
Her suggestion fairly took me by surprise 完全的，简直
40.far from 远离；远非；完全不
1．)Brown is far from the leader on this. 在这个方面，布朗远非领先者。
2．)The bus stop is not far from the hospital. 公共汽车站离医院很近。
3.）But the debate is far from over. 但是这场争论远未结束。
高考英语熟词新义归纳 It takes a couple of minutes for the drug to act.起作用 The president should be addressed as “Mr. President”.被称作 The picture looks good against the white wall. 在。。。。。。相称下Lay down your arms or we’ll fire! 武器，开枪，开火The theatre only admits 1,000 persons. 容纳 Long plane trips don’t agree with me.适应 Attempts are being made to arrest the spread of the disease. 遏制，阻止 The worthy professor is now available. 可见到的 We appreciate the danger ahead.意识到 Many of his friends backed his plan. 支持 The boy badly wants a new bike.非常，急迫 All our plans broke down.破灭 The football player has a solid build. 体格 The whole village was blanketed with heavy snow. 被。。。覆盖 The behavior of this computer is very good. 性能 We chanced to be out when she called. 碰巧 Do you think long dresses will ever come back? 再流行 This style is certain to come in this year. 流行 On the whole she counted herself a fortunate person.认为 The tornado claimed dozens of lives.夺走 Every minute counts.重要 The UN has done a lot for the cause of the world peace. 事业 Mother cans fruit. 把。。。做成罐头The corporation has enough capital to build another factory.资金 Do you deal with Smith, the butcher?有生意、贸易往来Can you develop this film for us? 冲洗 The game ended in a draw. 平局 The farmers drove wells to water the crops. 打井 You must pay a deposit if you want to reserve the room. 定金，押金 We sheltered from the storm in a deserted hut. 荒芜的，空无一人的I can’t digest her endless complaint a moment longer.忍受，消化，领悟Customs duties are paid on imported goods. 税 He directed the building of the new bridge. 主持 .Now we are leading an easy life.舒适的 His name escaped me for the moment.想不起 He boasted that he would throw me downstairs; but I made him eat his words.收回
2015届高三英语熟词新义归纳 1. The police have absolute proof of his guilt.（确实的） 2. In 1601, Parliament passed an act, which aimed to provide the poor with more jobs. （法案） The first act of the play is not bad. （戏剧的）一幕 3. The president should be addressed as“Mr. President”．（被称作） The chairman will address (at) at the meeting. （发言；演讲） 4. The picture looks good against the white wall．（在…相称下；以…为背景） Save money against old age. (防备) 5. Lay down your arms（武器）or we'll fire!（开枪，开火） 6. You should air the clothes to get the damp out. （晾干） The doctor recommended him to air the room.（使通风） When asked about the news, she has an air of mystery. （神态，样子） in the air在空中;(计划等)未定的 7. The theatre only admits l,000 persons. （容纳） 8. Long plane trips don't agree with me.（适应） 9. You can't live on bread alone. （仅仅） 10. A warm sunshine announces the coming of spring. （预示，显示） 11. I suddenly appreciated that l was wrong. （意识到） 12. The driver could not arrest the horse's speed. （阻止） arrest one’s attention/eye(吸引,吸住) 13. You're going out? But who will attend to the baby? （照料） attend to one’s work(专心,注意) 14. The doctors are available now.（有空的） 15. Many of his friends backed his plan.（支持） 16. The boy badly wants a new bike. （非常地，迫切地） 17. All the ground floor windows were fitted with bars.（栏杆） Have a chocolate bar.（条；块） 18. You should bear the responsibility of protecting your young sister. （承担） bear…in mind that..(把..牢记在心) 19. My heart beat wildly at my first public performance.（跳动） Join us in dancing to the beat of the music.（节奏） 20. He carried a block of stone in his hand.（块，大块） The road was blocked with snow.（阻塞，阻挡） 21. His expression remained blank after he heard my reason. （茫然的） The whole village was blanketed with heavy snow. （被…覆盖）
blind She is blind in the left eye. 此句中blind用作形容词,意为“瞎的,盲人的”,这是blind的常用法。blind还有其它用法。如: ①The blinds were drawn to protect the new furniture from the sun. (blind用作名词,意为“窗帘,遮光物”。) ②The soldier was blinded in the explosion. (blind用作动词,意为“使失明”。) ③This is a blind letter. (blind letter意为“因地址写得不清而无法投寄的信件”。) ④He turned a blind eye to her mistakes. (turn a blind eye to意为“对……熟视无睹”。) ⑤He’s blind as a bat without his glasses. (blind as a bat意为“完全看不见东西的”。) cost The ticket cost me ten dollars.此句中cost用作及物动词,意为“花费”,这是cost的常用法之一。 The cost of living is much higher now than it was two years ago. 此句中cost用作名词,意为“价格,成本,费用”,这是它的常用法之二。 cost除了以上用法外,还有其它用法。如: ①Has this project been costed? (cost用作及物动词,意为“估价,估计成本”。) ②I must get the book at all costs. (at all costs意为“无论如何,不惜任何代价”。) ③She saved him from drowning, but at the cost of her own life. (at the cost of sth.意为“以牺牲某事物为代价”。) drive Can you drive a car? (drive用作动词,意思为“开车,驾驶”,是教材中的第一种用法。) Let’s go for a drive in the country. (drive用作名词,意思为“驱车旅行”,是教材中的第二种用法。) 除了以上用法外, drive还有其它用法。 The workers carried on a drive for greater efficiency last month. (drive用作名词,意思为“运动”。) There are three buses parked on the drive. (drive用作名词,意思为“车道”。) Poverty drove the little boy to steal. (drive用作动词,意思为“迫使某人做出极端的事情”。) I’m sure that I’ve driven my opinion home.(drive sth. home意思为“把……讲透彻,使充分理解”。) Please drive the dog away. (drive sb./sth. away意思为“把……赶跑”。) dream dream在教材中有两种用法:用作动词时意思为“做梦,梦到”;用作名词时意思为“梦想,幻想”。dream除了以上用法外,还有以下几种用法。 Her new dress is an absolute dream. (dream用作名词,意思为“美丽或美好的人或事物”。) My aunt’s wedding ceremony went like a dream. (go like a dream是固定短语,意思为“非常顺利,完美”。)
高考英语熟词新义归纳 1.It takes a couple of minutes for the drug to act. 起作用 2.The picture looks good against the white wall. 在。。。。。。相称下 https://www.doczj.com/doc/707215214.html,y down your arms or we’ll fire! 武器，开枪，开火 4.Don’t air your troubles too often. 发牢骚 5.Many of his friends backed his plan. 支持 6.The boy badly wants a new bike. 非常，急迫 7.The football player has a solid build. 体格 8.His songs always make me feel blue. 忧伤 9.We chanced to be out when she called. 碰巧 10.Do you think long dresses will ever come back? 再流行 11The tornado claimed dozens of lives. 夺走 12.Every minute counts. 重要 13.The UN has done a lot for the cause of the world peace. 事业 14.Mother cans fruit. 把。。。做成罐头 15.The corporation has enough capital to build another factory. 资金 16.Can you develop this film for us? 冲洗 17.The game ended in a draw. 平局 18.You must pay a deposit if you want to reserve the room. 定金，押金 19.We sheltered from the storm in a deserted hut. 荒芜的，空无一人的 20.I can’t digest her endless complaint a moment longer. 忍受，消化，领悟 21.Customs duties are paid on imported goods. 税 22.Now we are leading an easy life. 舒适的 23.His name escaped me for the moment. 想不起 24.He boasted that he would throw me downstairs; but I made him eat his words. 收回 25.Let this be an example to you. 警告 26.Please send this parcel by express delivery. 快递 27.How do you employ your spare time? 利用 28.Have you entered yourself for the sports meet to be held next week? 报名参加 29.Tom is a man of great enterprise. 胆识，进取心 30.She’s a very good woman; unkindness is foreign to her nature. 无关的 31.The show was far from being a failure; it was a great success. 远非，远不是 32.The driver paid a fifty-dollar fine for speeding. 罚金 33.She’ll soon leave London for good. 永远 34.He has strong grounds for more money. 理由，意见 35.All this waiting and delay is really getting her down. 使她疲惫不堪 36.He got through ￡300 in a week. 用完 37.Given the general state of his health, it may take him a while to recover. 考虑到 38.He as good as said I was a liar. 实际上 39.We study for the good of the people. 利益 40.These apples are still green ,you can’t pick them. 生的，未熟的 41.The boys have got out of hand. 难管，失控 42.The cars are made for the home market. 国内 43.The people of Hechuan held out for 36 years on the Fishing Castle. 坚持抵抗 44.Don’t look after your own interests. 利益 45.The company is introducing a new family saloon this year. 推出 46.The place is inviting. 诱人的 47.Our intelligence shows that the enemy is advancing. 情报 48.His success was due to industry. 勤奋 49.Mother is ironing my shirt with an electric iron. 熨，烫 50.He introduced his speech with a joke. 以。。。开始 51.He doesn’t like eating potaoes boiled in t heir jackets. 带皮的 52.He jammed four apples in his pocket. 塞 53.His joke killed the audience. 他的笑话使听众笑得死去活来。 54.The suspect is still at large. 逍遥法外 55.My father gave me a lecture for smoking. 训斥 56.He said he would be here by 12 o’clock , but he let us down. 使某人失望 57.My watch loses a minute a day. 慢 58.To be frank, this mission is beyond my might. 权力，力量 59.What is the message of the book? 中心思想 60.To learn English well is a must. 必要的事 61.---May I have one? ---Yes, by all means. 当然可以 62.He is so mean and selfish that it is very difficult to make friends with him. 吝啬 63.He narrowly escaped drowning. 差一点淹死 64.Miss Watkins was a nobody. She was a drifter. No family, no close friends. 无名之辈 65.Reporters have a good nose for news. 嗅觉，找出或分辨事物的能力 66.The nature of iron differs greatly from that of wood. 性质 67.His latest play is nothing. 一文不值 68.The scholar narrowed his interest to Tang poetry. 局限 69.Though living abroad for a few decades, a lot of overseas Chinese still have the habit of observing the Chinese tradition. 遵守 70.If everyone does his part, the project will surely be a success. 职责，分担责任 71.It promises to be fine tomorrow. 预示，有。。。的希望 72.The speaker spent several days polishing her lecture. 润色，修饰 73.He had to present a smiling face though heavy-hearted. 露出 74.When the fire alarm sounds , each man rushes to his post. 岗位 75.She was voted “most promising young actress, 2009”. 最佳年轻女演员 76.We have established trade ties with these regions. 关系，联系 77.The manager was ready to shoulder the blame. 承担 78.She is sound in body and mind. 她身心健康 79.They took his money but spared his life. 饶恕，赦免，不伤害 80.The younger man will succeed Mr. White as director. 接替 81.The divorced woman is the talk of the street. 话题，谈资 82.I am not familiar with chemical terms. 术语 83.Tires are usually made of rubber. 轮胎 84.Harris got a ticket for speeding. 罚单 85.The new dictionary has really taken off. 受欢迎，成功 86.After a fierce struggle, he got the upper hand of his opponent. 胜过对手 87.My father values honesty beyong all things. 尊重，重视，珍视 88.Your idea won’t work in practice. 你的想法在实践中行不通 1
扎鲁特一中高二英全国卷高考常见的熟词新义 时间：2016年5月19日命题人：贾永红单词熟义新义例句 1.absent adj.缺席的adj.茫然的， 恍惚的 She looked at the picture in an absent way. 2.ache vi.&n.疼痛vi.渴望Having left for ages, he was aching for home. 3.address n.地址vt.发表演说The president will address his speech at 3:00 pm. 4.absorb vt吸收vt专心于Absorbed in painting,John didn’t notice evening approaching. 5.add v. 增加，加起来v.补充说，接 着说 I would like to add that we are pleased with the test. 6.against Prep.逆着，反对， 倚，靠Prep.对面， 映衬 The bank stands against the post office. The picture looks nice against the white wall. 7.allow vt.允许vt.使可能This diet allows you one glass of wine a day. 8.announce vt.宣布vt.显示，预 示 A warm sunshine announces the coming of spring. 9.attend vt.出席，参加vi.&vt.看护， 治疗，陪同 The nurse attended ( to ) him day and night. 10.bear vt.忍受，容忍vt.显示，带 有He was badly wounded in the war and still bears the scars. 11.better adj.&adv 较好 的，较好地vt.改善，优 化 A key first step in bettering your evaluation ability it to look carefully at your sources of health information. 12.blank adj.空白的n.空 白adj.没有表 情的，空虚 的，没有兴 趣的 The stranger returned my greeting with a blank look. 13.blue adj.&n.蓝的，蓝 色 adj.忧伤的His songs always make me feel blue. 14.build vt.建造，建筑vi.使增强， 使强壮 n.体形，身材One should receive training to build up one’s confidence. You’re right,Josh. He may have a small build. 15.bridge n.桥vt. 消除隔 阂I will try to pave the way between the worlds and bridge the gap of you. 16.cause vt.促使，引起n.原因，起 因，事业， 目标Even with a staff of volunteers,Tomas often devotes up to 50 hours a week to his cause(事业). https://www.doczj.com/doc/707215214.html,pan y n.公司n.陪伴，伴侣I have no company on the journey. 18.cloudy adj.阴的，多云的adj.不明朗 的不清晰的 Who will take his place still remains cloud y. 19.coach n.教练vt.辅导，指 导 She coached me in playing football. 20.cover v.覆盖v.行走（一段 路程），足 以支付，涵 盖，涉及， 采访，掩护The Red Army covered 25000 li. To cover the cost of hiring a bus,each student will have to pay $10 each time. The library covers varieties of books.
- - -.. 毕业设计开题报告 题目名称以iphone说明书为例探讨科技英语中的旧词新义 毕业设计（论文）开题报告 The iphone User Guide as an Example to Discuss the New Meaning of the Old Worlds in English for Science and Technology 以iphone说明书为例探讨科技英语中的旧词新义
一、题目来源 结合科研 二、研究目的和意义 科技英语一般指在自然科学和工程技术方面的科学著作、论文、教科书、科技报告和学术讲演中所使用的英语。随着科技的发展与全球经济一体化的逐步深入，科技英语越来越彰显出其重要性。现代科技日新月异，每天都不断有新的发明创造和新思维的涌现。为了表达这些新出现的物体和概念，旧词赋新义作为一种重要的语言现象和增词手段，在其中扮演着重要的作用。 “一个词获得了新的词义X围，原来的表达形式（expression）分化出一个新的词位（lexeme）从这个意义上说，一个旧词获得一个新词义就是在词汇中增加了一个新‘词位’。”（汪榕培，2000: 8）以iphone说明书为例，探讨科技英语中的旧词新义。不仅有助于外语学习者更好地理解和掌握科技英语中的旧词新义，而且在对旧词产生新义的原因和过程的研究中，认识到科技力量的推动、语言结构本身的问题和人的心理作用这三者对旧词赋新义的影响。以此来把握科技英语为适应现代社会需求的不断变化而演变和进化的趋势。 三、阅读的主要参考文献及资料名称 [1] Steve Pinker. The Stuff of Thought: Language as a Window into Human Nature[M].Penguin,2008.语言是人类的本质属性 [2] Black,Max.ModelsandMetaphor:Studies in Language and Philosophy[M].Itbaca,NY:CornellUniversity Press,1962.“任何一种定义，如果其出发点为隐喻，就是用一个隐喻性的表达替代一个与其相应的‘本义表达’，我在以后都称之为隐喻的替代理论”（Black，1954:61）
2016年高考英语熟词生义词汇 从近几年的高考英语试题中可发现高考命题非常重视对常用词汇较少使用意义的考查，这一点可以从单项选择和完形填空中均可看出。很多考生因不懂这些熟词的“新含义”而出现思维堵塞的现象，这严重地影响了考生对题干乃至全文的正确理解，给他们造成了不应有的失分。英语中的一词多义现象是普遍存在的。高中英语熟词新义总结 最佳方法：平时的积累。只有积累了一定的“熟词新义”后，才能形成一定的语感，才会在具体的 语境中快速捕捉单词的准确含义。所以有必要对高中教材中的词汇进行梳理，做到查漏补缺，加强记忆，然后在阅读中去体会，从而力求消化。 为了帮助同学们提高词汇复习效率，我对高中教材部分单词进行了盘点，按照字母的顺序进行了编排。由于版面的限制，没有列举例句，同学们可以对照教材词汇表学习。 一、 accept 接受，认可(Vt.)；同意，承认(vi.) adapt 使适应；改编 add 增加，添加（Vt.）；加起来，增添 （vi.）；补充说（Vt.） amount 数量（n.）；等于，共计（vi.，与to 连用） argue 争论,辩论(vi.);主张,说理,说服(Vt.) award 奖,奖品(n.);授奖,给予……金钱(v.) boom 发出隆隆声;(国家地区或行业的) 繁荣,迅速发展 burn 焚烧,烧焦;发出怪味,点(灯) compare 比较,比作(Vt.);比得上,与…匹敌(vi.) consider 考虑;认为;照顾到,考虑到（独立主格结构considering sth. 或sth. considered）depend 依靠,依赖;视情况而定 desire 希望, 期望; 请求, 要求(从句用should 型虚拟语气) equal 等于;比得上,匹敌(Vt.) equip 装配;配备(知识/ 信息/ 事实等) handle 门把手(n. ); 操作,处理(v.) hunt 打猎;猎取;搜寻(vi.) include 包括;计算在内(与in 连用) introduce 介绍;引进;提出;出台(政策/法规等) measure 测量;为……量尺寸;判断,权衡, 衡量(有measure sb. / sth against sb. / sth 搭配) owe 欠(钱/ 债务等);归功于，感激;幸亏 于，由于(owing to 的固定形式) perform 表演;(成功地)表现;完成,执行, 进行(尤其指复杂的活动);有……的用途 press 按,压,印;逼迫,迫使（press sb. to do sth.） process 制作,加工(食品);处理(文件/ 数据等);冲洗(照片) pronounce 发音;宣告,断言,宣布(官方意见或决定) publish 出版,发行;发表,刊登;(在报纸或墙壁上)公布,公开 raise 提高;举起;饲养,喂养;唤起(意识);使……产生(情感或反应);筹款
熟词新义 各位老师：本资料并非我们自己教师原创，是我们从网上搜罗来的东东，但是深感实用，每天给学生落实几个词，很有用的哦！！ 一、 accept 接受，认可(vt.)；同意，承认(vi.) adapt 使适应；改编 add 增加，添加（vt.）；加起来，增添vi.）；补充说（vt.） amount 数量（n.）；等于，共计（vi.，与to 连用）argue 争论,辩论(vi.);主张,说理,说服(vt.) award 奖,奖品(n.);授奖,给予……金钱(v.) boom 发出隆隆声;(国家地区或行业的) 繁荣,迅速发展 burn 焚烧,烧焦;发出怪味,点(灯) compare 比较,比作(vt.);比得上,与…匹敌(vi.) consider 考虑;认为;照顾到,考虑到（独立主格结构considering sth. 或sth. considered）depend 依靠,依赖;视情况而定desire 希望, 期望; 请求, 要求(从句用should 型虚拟语气) equal 等于;比得上,匹敌(vt.) equip 装配;配备(知识/ 信息/ 事实等) handle 门把手(n. ); 操作,处理(v.) hunt 打猎;猎取;搜寻(vi.) include 包括;计算在内(与in 连用) introduce 介绍;引进;提出;出台(政策/法规等) measure 测量;为……量尺寸;判断,权衡, 衡量(有measure sb. / sth against sb. / sth 搭配) owe 欠(钱/ 债务等);归功于，感激;幸亏 于，由于(owing to 的固定形式) perform 表演;(成功地)表现;完成,执行, 进行(尤其指复杂的活动);有……的用途 press 按,压,印;逼迫,迫使（press sb. to dosth.） process 制作,加工(食品);处理(文件/ 数据等);冲洗(照片) pronounce 发音;宣告,断言,宣布(官方意见或决定) publish 出版,发行;发表,刊登;(在报纸或墙壁上)公布,公开 raise 提高;举起;饲养,喂养;唤起(意识);使……产生(情感或反应);筹款 satisfy 使……满意; 满足(要求或欲望等);使……相信（与of 连用）share 分享,分担；均分,分配；有……共同的特征shoulder 肩膀(n.);肩负,承当(责任或负担)(v.) spread 传播(消息/ 信息等);散布(流言); 涂抹(奶油等);(疾病)传播,蔓延;伸展(四肢);展开(翅膀) strike 击打;(时针)敲响;摩擦;罢工;达成(协议或交易);(灾难)突然袭击(vt.);突然产生(想法或主意)(vi.) succeed 取得成功;(学业或事业等)表现出色,有作为(vi.);接替,继承(vt.) tie 系;扎(vt.);与……打成平局(搭配tie with sb.) touch 接触;感动 treat 对待;治疗;款待;请客(搭配treat sb.to sth.) unfold 打开;展开;显露;阐明 weigh 称(vt.);重(若干);权衡,衡量(vi.) 二、 appreciate 感激（宾语不能为人只能为物）；赏识（宾语可为人）；鉴赏 attend 出席，参加；上（学）；去（听课，做礼拜）；照看；伺候 bend 弯曲；委屈；专心于（搭配bend one’s thought / mind to） charge 要（价）(charge sb. some momney)；使（充电）；控告（charge sb. with sth.）； 攻击；向…跑（常与介词at / towards / into 连用） comfort 舒适，宽慰（n.）；使……舒适；安慰（v.） continue 继续；继续说（vt.）；继续是（连系动词） digest 消化（食物）；理解；吸收；领会 fold 折叠；合拢；抱住 gain 获得；增加（体重、速度）
高考英语的旧词新意 Last revision date: 13 December 2020.
高考英语考生须知-旧词新意 近年来，为了考查考生猜测词义的能力，高考英语阅读理解题中出现了大量生词，其中有不少词属于熟词换新义的情况，很多考生因不懂这些熟词的新含义，而出现思维被堵的现象，严重影响了对全文的正确理解，造成了不应有的失分。 例1：Ottawa has given out special passes to some 300 US citizens in that area so they can enter the country when Canadian customs stations are closed, but the US stopped a similar program last May. （2005全国卷I） 析：custom原本为名词，表风俗习惯。由句中special passes、enter the country和are closed之间的语境逻辑可以推断该词仍为名词，表“海关”。 例2：The other teams, disappointed, were on the bus heading home. （2004山东卷）析：head本为名词，表头。由the bus和home的语境逻辑可以推断，该句head为动词，表方向，结合全句可译为“开往、驶向”。 例3：I had first known she was wrong, that her anxiety had clouded her judgment. （2004全国卷Ⅱ） 析：cloud本为名词，表云。分析语境逻辑可知，忧虑会影响一个人的判断，因此该句clouded 应译为使难以……。 例4：Finally, although some social science majors may still find it more difficult than their technically trained classmates to land the first job, recent graduates report that they don't regret their choice of study. （2004山东卷） 析：land作动词，表登陆、着陆。结合语境可知，登陆第一份工作就指找到第一份工作，因此该句land应译为“得到、找到”。 例5：How could they begin to picture modern life？ 析：picture本为名词，表图画。分析语境逻辑可知，该句picture作为动词，可理解为使……出现图画，即描绘。 不少考生因不理解划线部分熟词的新含义，给全句甚至全文的理解带来很大困难。显然为了提高阅读效率，我们很有必要归纳一下熟词的新词义。 1. fire vt. 解雇 Work hard or you will be fired. 努力工作，否则你将被解雇。 2. fine vt. 罚款 If you pay no attention to the red light and run across the street, you'll be fined.如果你对红灯不予理睬，强行过马路，你将被罚款。 3. fall n. 秋天 In fall all the leaves fall of themselves. 秋天所有树叶都会无风自落。 4. wind vt. 使弯曲前进 vi. 迂回，蜿蜒 The Great Wall of China winds its way from west to east.长城自西向东蜿蜒前进。 5. lay 下蛋，产卵 The hens lay there, laying eggs. 母鸡伏在那里下蛋。 6. spring n. 泉水，弹簧，弹力；vt. 跳跃 The spring has run dry. 这眼泉干涸了。 This is a dead spring. 这弹簧失去了弹性。 He rose with a spring. 他一跃而起。 The ball sprang back and hit him. 球弹回打在他身上。 7. mine n. 矿山；vt. 开采（矿物） This mine will be opened. 这个矿井将被开采。 Coal is mined from underground. 煤采自地下。 8. egg n. 卵 An ant starts as an egg. 蚂蚁的生命自卵开始。
熟词新义归纳 1.It takes a couple of minutes for the drug to act. 起作用 2.The president should be addressed as “ Mr. President” . 被称作 3.The picture looks good against the white wall. 在。。。。。。相称下 https://www.doczj.com/doc/707215214.html,y down your arms or we’ll fire! 武器，开枪，开火 5.Don’t air your troubles too often. 发牢骚 6.The theatre only admits 1,000 persons. 容纳 7.L ong plane trips don’t agree with me. 适应 8.Attempts are being made to arrest the spread of the disease. 遏制，阻止 9.The worthy professor is now available. 可见到的 10.We appreciate the danger ahead. 意识到 11.The balance of the wages was devoted to new books on flower culture. 剩余 12.Many of his friends backed his plan. 支持 13.The boy badly wants a new bike. 非常，急迫 14.All our plans broke down. 破灭 15.The football player has a solid build. 体格 16.He likes to bare his heart / soul with his close friends. 说出心里话 17.Why was she so bitter against Mr. Smith? 强烈 18.The whole village was blanketed with heavy snow. 被。。。覆盖 19.The behavior of this computer is very good. 性能 20.His songs always make me feel blue. 忧伤 21.We chanced to be out when she called. 碰巧 22.Do you think long dresses will ever come back? 再流行 23.This style is certain to come in this year. 流行 24.On the whole she counted herself a fortunate person. 认为 25.The various governments decided to act in concert over this matter. 互相配合 26.The tornado claimed dozens of lives. 夺走 27.Every minute counts. 重要 28.The UN has done a lot for the cause of the world peace. 事业 29.Mother cans fruit. 把。。。做成罐头 30.The corporation has enough capital to build another factory. 资金 31.Do you deal with Smith, the butcher? 有生意、贸易往来 32.Can you develop this film for us? 冲洗 33.The game ended in a draw. 平局 34.The farmers drove wells to water the crops. 打井 35.You must pay a deposit if you want to reserve the room. 定金，押金 36.We sheltered from the storm in a deserted hut. 荒芜的，空无一人的 37.I can’t digest her endless complaint a moment longer. 忍受，消化，领悟 38.My brother doctored the old watch. 修理，修补 39.Customs duties are paid on imported goods. 税 40.He directed the building of the new bridge. 主持 41.Now we are leading an easy life. 舒适的