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非道路高压共轨柴油机振动及噪声分析

V ol 38No.3Jun.2018噪声与振动控制NOISE AND VIBRATION CONTROL 第38卷第3期

2018年6月文章编号:1006-1355(2018)03-0215-06+228

非道路高压共轨柴油机振动及噪声分析

张磊1,毕玉华1,向熔1,张宁2,宋国富2,申立中1

(1.昆明理工大学云南省内燃机重点实验室,昆明650500;

2.昆明云内动力股份有限公司,昆明650500)

摘要:非道路高压共轨柴油机工作条件恶劣,对振动噪声性能提出较高要求。应用多体动力学方法,建立非道路高压共轨柴油机活塞组动力学模型、阀系动力学模型以及整机多体动力学分析模型,通过对机体与曲轴模态测试,验证缩减模型的准确性。对活塞组和阀系动力学特性、主轴承载荷以及整机振动与噪声特性进行分析,结果表明,在倾覆力矩作用下,2阶谐次及其整数倍谐次下发动机振动较大;2阶谐次下,机体次推力侧振动比主推力侧振动剧烈;油底壳表面辐射声功率级最大,最大值为109.1dB ;在523Hz 频率下声压级最大,最大值为85.23dB 。研究结果可为整机减振降噪提供优化方向。

关键词:振动与波;柴油机;多体动力学;模态试验

中图分类号:TK4;TH113文献标志码:A DOI 编码:10.3969/j.issn.1006-1355.2018.02.042Analysis of Vibration and Noise of Non-road High Pressure

Co-rail Diesel Engines

ZHANG Le 1,BI Yuhua 1,XIANG Rong 1,ZHANG Ning 2,

SONG Guofu 2,SHEN Lizhong 1

(1.Yunnan Key Laboratory of ICE,Kunming University of Science and Technology,

Kunming 650500,China;

2.Kunming Yunnei Power Co.Ltd.,Kunming 650500,China )

Abstract :Due to the poor working conditions for non-road diesel engines,harsh requests for engine vibration and noise performance is necessary.In this paper,the dynamic model of the engine piston set,the dynamic model of the valve system and the multi-body dynamic model of the whole machine of the non-road high pressure co-rail diesel engine are established respectively by applying multi-body dynamics method.The accuracy of the models is verified by the modal tests of the engine body and the crankshaft.The dynamic characteristics of the piston set and the valve system,the main bearing loads and the vibration and noise characteristics of the whole machine are analyzed.The results show that under the action of the overturning moment of the four-cylinder engine,the second order harmonic and its multiple harmonic can lead to violent vibration of the engine.The vibration on the secondary thrust side is more intensive than that on the main thrust side at second order harmonic.The maximum sound power level 109.1dB appears on the surface of the oil pan.The maximum of the overall sound pressure level is 85.23dB at 523Hz frequency.The results may provide an optimization direction for vibration and noise reduction of diesel engines.

Keywords :vibration and wave;diesel engine;multi-body dynamics;modal test

2015年底我国各类农业拖拉机和排灌用非道路

柴油机已达到3250.26万台,成为全球最大的非道

路柴油机市场。随着工程机械和农业机械的快速增

收稿日期:2017-09-05

基金项目:云南省科技创新强省计划资助项目(2015AA024)

作者简介:张磊(1994-),男,湖南省邵阳市人,硕士研究生,

主要研究方向为内燃机结构设计及优化。

通信作者:毕玉华,女,教授。

E-mail:yuhuabi97@https://www.doczj.com/doc/6a10899226.html, 长,非道路柴油机将面临严格的噪声和尾气排放限值、低燃油消耗和高可靠性等挑战,对柴油机比质量、噪声和排放等也提出更高的要求[1-3]。为了满足非道路国III 及以上排放标准,柴油机普遍采用高压共轨燃油喷射技术,喷油特性得到优化,燃烧噪声显著减小。但是随着高压共轨柴油机缸内压力的升高,作用在活塞上的载荷也大幅度提高,活塞敲击产生的机械碰撞噪声显著增加[1-2]。加之主轴承载荷、阀系载荷显著提高,引发的机械振动向机体扩散,从万方数据

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