Unit 3 Inventors and inventions
KEY WORDS AND PHRASES
1．call up给……打电话；使想起；回忆
When I called up my mother in the countryside on the telephone she was very upset. (教材P20)
当我打电话给乡下的母亲时，她显得焦躁不安。
call back召唤某人回来；再访；回电话 call for需要；要求；接(人或物) call in邀请；请来 call on拜访(人)；号召
call in on简短拜访 call at拜访(某地) call off取消
The government calls on the youth to donate their blood voluntarily.政府号召青年义务献血。
He is ill；you should call in the doctor right away.他病了，你应该立即请大夫来。
2．now and then偶尔；有时(＝sometimes，but not often)
Snakes come near the house now and then，and they seem to have made their home here，not far from the walnut tree.(教材P20)蛇时不时地爬到屋边来，可见这几条蛇似乎是在胡桃树附近安家了。
We haven't seen each other for years，but we chat online now and then.我们已有多年未见过面了；但是我们有时会上网聊一聊。
表示“有时、偶尔”的词语有：
(every) now and again from time to time at times once in a while
occasionally a little now and a little then
【提示】from time to time强调经常性；now and then等强调间歇性。
3．Here was a chance for me to distinguish myself by inventing something merciful that would catch snakes but not harm them.(教材P20)
这回我有机会来表现一下自己，我要发明某种仁慈的东西，既可以把蛇抓住又不会伤害到它们。
(1)distinguish vt.& vi.显出……的差别；使……有所不同；辨别
People who can not distinguish between colours are said to be colour-blind.不能辨别颜色的人称为色盲
①distinguish oneself (as) (作为……)表现突出；使自己与众不同；使自己成名
distinguish between...and...区分/辨别……和……
distinguish...from...使……有别于……；使……具有区别于……的特征
distinguish...by...以……为特征
②distinguished adj.卓越的；杰出的；著名的③distinguishable adj.可区别的
④distinction n．区别
(2)merciful adj.宽大的；仁慈的
They asked him to be merciful to the prisoners. 他们要求他对犯人要以慈悲为怀。
①mercy n．仁慈，宽容
show/have mercy to sb.对某人仁慈 show no mercy to sb.对某人无情
at the mercy of任由……摆布，在……掌握中 It's a mercy...[口语]……真是幸运！
②mercifully幸运地；宽大地
They were lost at sea at the mercy of wind and weather.他们在海上迷失，任由大风和天气摆布。
It's a mercy that the accident happened so near the hospital.幸亏事故发生在离医院很近的地方。
4．The first thing I did was to see if there were any products that might help me，but_there_only_seemed_to_be powders designed to kill snakes.(教材P20)
我所做的第一件事就是看有没有什么产品能帮助我。但是，似乎只有用来毒死蛇的药粉能用。
(1)there seemed to be是there be句型的变体，表示“似乎有……”。there be句型中的be有时还可以换成其他表示“有，存在”的词，如：live，stand，lie，remain，appear，seem to be，come等。there be结构是一个看似简单但命题空间很大的知识点。
【提示】在“there be...”句型中，be动词前可以加can，may，must，ought to，used to，happen to，seem to，appear to等情态动词或动词短语。
There happened to be no one in the room. 碰巧房间里没有人。
5．set about开始；着手(about是介词，其后常接名词或动名词)
I set about researching the habits of snakes to find the easiest way to trap them.(教材P20)我着手研究蛇的习性，以便能找到捕蛇的最简易的方法。
She set about the business of cleaning the house. 她动手打扫起房子来。
After the earthquake，the people set about rebuilding their homes.地震过后，人们开
始重建家园。
set out 出发，启程；开始 set off 出发；动身 be set in 以……为背景
set back 阻碍某事物发展；把(钟表指针)往回拨 set aside 留出；对……不予考虑
set down 记下；写下 set up 树立(榜样)；设立；创立 set free 释放；使……获得自由【对接高考】
(2012·浙江)Armed with the information you have gathered，you can________preparing your business plan.
A．set out B．set about C．set off D．set up
6．They abruptly disappeared into a convenient hole in the wall.(教材P20)
它们一下子就消失在墙壁附近的洞里了。
(1)abruptly adv.突然地，意外地；唐突地
The train stopped abruptly，nearly tipping me out of my bunk.火车突然停住，我差点儿从床位上摔下来。
abrupt adj.突然的，意外的；粗鲁的，唐突的，生硬的
an abrupt turn 急转弯 in an abrupt manner 无礼的态度 an abrupt change 突然改变
(2)convenient adj.方便的；适宜的；合适的；在近处的；近便的
Will it be convenient for you to start work tomorrow
你明天开始工作方便吗
Our house is convenient for the shops.
我们家到商店很方便。
①It is convenient (for sb.) to do sth. (某人)干某事是方便的
convenient (for sb.) 某事(对某人来说)是方便的
if/when it is convenient to sb. 如果某人方便的话
②convenience n．方便，便利 at one's convenience 在某人方便时
It is very convenient to pay by credit card.
用信用卡付款非常方便。
Can you telephone me at your convenience to arrange a meeting
你能不能在你方便时给我来个电话，安排见一次面
【提示】convenient主语不能是人。例如：“如果你方便的话”英语应表达为：if it is convenient to/for you，而不应表达为：if you are convenient。
【对接高考】
(2012·天津高考)The secretary arranged a(n)________time and place for the applicants to have an interview.
A．important B．Spare C．public D．convenient
7．caution n．小心；谨慎；警告
This time with great caution I bent down to examine the snakes and I found them very sleepy.(教材P20)
这一次我小心翼翼地蹲下去检查的时候，发现蛇都是睡意浓浓的。
Dad always drives with caution.
爸爸开车一直十分小心。
①with caution小心地；谨慎地
②cautious adj.小心的；谨慎的 be cautious of/about...对……很小心/谨慎
8．expectation n．预料；期待；期望
This was in the expectation that the snakes would bite again.(教材P21)这是因为我预料蛇还会再咬人。
It's our expectation that you will do it well.
我们期待你干得出色。
She looked at me with expectation.
她满怀期待地看着我。
①come up to one's expectations达到某人的期望 live up to one's expectations不辜负某人的期望
in expectation of/that...预料 beyond expectations出乎意料 against expectations 与预期相反
②expect vt.预料；预计；期待；期望 expect that...预料……
expect(sb.)to do sth.期望(某人)做某事；预料(某人)做某事
【提示】expectation意思为“期望的事物，前景”时，常用复数。
9．seize vt.抓住；捉住；夺
Pressed by my friends and relations，I decided to seize the opportunity to get recognition for my successful idea by sending my invention to the patent office.(P21)由于亲戚和朋友的敦促，我决定抓住这次机会把我的发明送到专利局去，请他们对我这次成功的思
路给予认可。
He seized her by the arm/wrist.他抓住她的胳膊
seize a chance/an opportunity抓住机会/时机
seize the arm抓住某人的手臂
seize on/upon 突然大为关注，抓住(可利用的事物)
seize up停止运转，发生故障；(身体)发僵
【提示】表示“抓住/打在某人的某个部位”时常用：seize/hit in/by the＋身体部位10．Only_after_you_have_had_that_recognition_can_you_say that you are truly an inventor.(教材P21)
只有你已经获得了那种认证，你才能说自己是一个真正的发明者。
only＋状语(副词、介词短语或状语从句)位于句首时，句子需部分倒装。
Only then did I know the importance of learning. 直到那时我才知道了学习的重要性。
Only in this way can we solve the problem. 只有用这种办法我们才能解决问题。
Only when he finishes the work can he go home. 只有在做完工作之后，他才能回家。
【提示】①当有从句时，倒装的是主句，从句不倒装。
②当only修饰其状语不位于句首，或位于句首的only用来修饰的不是状语，而是主语时，均不用倒装。
Only my parents know the secret. He found his watch missing only yesterday.
【对接高考】
(2012·天津高考)Only after Mary read her composition the second time ________ the spelling mistake.
A．did she notice B．she noticed C．does she notice D．she has noticed
11．Nor_will_you_receive a patent until a search has been made to find out that your product really is different from everyone else's.(教材P21)
你的产品要经过仔细调查，证明它确实是与众不同的，你才能获得专利。
本句是部分倒装句，nor位于句首时要用部分倒装。
①以否定副词not，never，seldom，hardly，little，nowhere，scarcely，rarely，neither，nor开头的句子要用部分倒装语序。
②由not only...but also...连接的并列句，若将not only置于句首时，该分句应部分倒装，but also连接的分句不倒装。而由neither...nor...连接的并列句，两个分句都倒装。
③由连接词no sooner...than，scarcely...when，hardly...when连接的主从复合句，主句应倒装，从句不倒装。
Not only did he give me some advice，but also he lent me some money.
No sooner had he gone to bed than he fell asleep.
表示否定意义的短语放在句首时，句子应用部分倒装语序。这类短语有：under no circumstances，on no account，in no way，at no point，at no time，in no sense，by no means 等，都表示“决不”。
【对接高考】
(2012·重庆高考)The headmaster will not permit the change in the course，nor ________ it a thought.
A．does he even give B．he even gives C．will he even give D．he will even give
1．freezing(教材P23)adj.冰冻的；严寒的 n．冰点
freezing cold 相当冷 above/below freezing 在冰点以上/以下
freeze to death 冷得要死；冻死 freezing point 冰点
freeze v．(使)结冰；(使)凝固 frozen adj.冻结的；冷冻
2．innocent adj.无辜的；清白的；无罪的；天真的
In a courtroom it is sometimes difficult to recognize who is innocent and who is guilty.(教材P23)
有时在法庭上很难分辩谁无罪谁有罪。
He is an innocent victim.他是个无辜的受害者。
be innocent of 没有…… innocence n．无罪；纯真；单纯 be guilty of 有……罪
3．bear vt.忍受，忍耐；负担，承受；生育 n．熊
I cannot bear the smell of sausage burnt on the barbecue.(教材P24)
我无法忍受香肠在烤架上被烧焦的味道。
bear doing/n./to do 忍受…… bear sb./sb.'s doing 忍受某人做……
bear sb./ 证实；为……作证 bear with sb./sth.耐心对待……；容忍……
bear mind 牢记…… bear responsibility/the blame 承担责任/受责备
【提示】①bear意为“忍耐，忍受”时，通常与can，could连用，用于疑问句或否定句中，常
见近义词还有stand 等。
②borne 和born 是bear 的两个过去分词，表示“出生，出自”时用born ，并且仅用于被动式。表示“生育”时用borne 。
bear/stand/tolerate/put up with
I won't put up with him.我不会容忍他的。
KEY PHRASES
1．dive into 迅速把手伸入；一心投入
Leave the beaten track occasionally and dive into the woods.(教材P 25)偶尔离开平路去寻求困境。
go diving 去潜水 make a dive for sth.冲过去拿(某物) take a dive into (the subject) 埋头(该问题)中
【提示】 dive into 作“潜心于……”讲时和devote oneself to sth.的意思一样，但devote oneself to sth.还有“投身于……，把自己奉献给……”的意思。
2．set out (to do)开始
(做)
Bell never set out to invent the telephone and what he was trying to design was a multiple telegraph.(P 25) 贝尔并非一开始就想要发明电话的，他本来想设计的东西是多路电报。
On their arrival ，they set out to read the English books they brought with themselves. 他们一到达那里，就开始读他们随身携带的英语书。 set off/set out/set about/set out for “开始，着手”，与set out 意思相近，后加v .ing 形式。
如果你想赶上那班火车，我们最好现在马上出发去火车站。
4．associate vi.联想；联系
Although he is most often associated with the invention of the telephone ，he was indeed a continuing searcher after practical solutions to improve the quality of everybody's life.(教材P 26)虽然人们常把他与电话的发明联系在一起，但是他的确是一位永不停息的探索家，不断寻求着改善人们生活质量的途径。
Don't associate with dishonest boys. 不要和不诚实的孩子结交。 ①associate sb./ sb./sth.把……和……联系在一起；由……联想到…… be associated with...和……有关 associate with sb.与某人交往或常打交道 associate oneself with sth.声称或表示自己赞同某事物
②association n ．联合；联想；交往；协会；团体 in association with...与……合伙/合作
Have you joined the teacher's association 你加入教师协会了吗
They are going to construct the airport in association with another firm. 他们打算与另一家公司联合修建机场。 5．hang on 不挂断；稍等；紧紧握住；坚持 Hang on ，please.请稍等。(P 26)
Hang on a minute while I get a pencil and a piece of paper. 电话别挂断，等我拿纸笔来。
I know you're tired ，but try to hang on a bit longer. 我知道你累了，但再坚持一会吧。
Hold the line ，please./Just a minute ，please./Hold on. 不挂电话。
?????
hang up 挂断电话
hang up on sb.
突然挂断某人的电话hang about
逗留，闲荡，慢悠悠
hang around 等待；逗留，闲荡hang together 相符；一致；连贯
6．out of order 发生故障；次序颠倒；有毛病；状况不佳 I'm sorry ，but this phone is out of order.(教材P 26) in good order 秩序井然 put/keep...in order 使……井然有序
7．get through 设法联系上(尤指打通电话)；(设法)做完；通过 I can't get through.(教材P 26) 我打不通电话。
get across 被理解；使人了解 get down to 认真地静下心(工作)(to 为介词) get over 克服 get on/along(with)进展；进步；与……相处 get in 收获 get around/round 到处走动；传播出去 8．ring back 回电话
Can I ring back later(教材P 26) 我能一会儿再回电话吗 ring off 挂断 ring out 发出响亮而清晰的声音 ring 给某人打电话 ring round 给各处打电话
I.单项选择题
1. If ________ for most of us, the meeting will be arranged next Monday evening. A. reasonable
B. comfortable
C. convenient
D. available
2. Some parents are just too protective. They want to _______ their kids from every kind of danger, real or imagined.
A. spot
B. dismiss
C. shelter
D. distinguish 3. If we want to arrive at the village on time, we’d better_______ A. sweep up
B. speed up
C. call up
D. turn up
4. She has tried her best, so please don’t be too ____ about her job. A. practical B. special C. responsible D. particular
5. Let’s _____ our personal feelings for now, and get to our business. A. set up
B. set off
C. set about
D. set aside
6. Jess was sad and her friend helped her ________the first awful weeks after her husband Bill died.
A. break through
B. break down
C. get through
D. get rid of 7. The engine of the ship was out of order and the bad weather________ the helplessness of the crew at sea.
A. added to
B. resulted from
C. turned out
D. made up 8. So far nobody has claimed the money _______ in the library.
A. discovered
B. to be discovered
C. discovering
D. having discovered 9. The manager, ______ it clear to us that he didn ’t agree with us, left the meeting room. A ．who has made B ．having made C ．made D ．making
10. Mrs. White was glad to see the nurse ______ after her son and was pleased to see the boy well ______ care of in the nursery.
A. looked; taken
B. looking; taken
C. looked; took
D. looking; taking 11. Who did the boss _____ his car this time
A. make wash
B. make to wash
C. make washing
D. making to wash can’t _________ to be laughed at though she is easy -going. A. understand B. bear C. enjoy D. betray
military government hopes to control the _______ of public opinion by controlling
broadcasting.
A. current
B. fashion
C. measure
D. flow
we plan our vacation, Mother often offers _________ suggestion.
A. careful
B. practical
C. effective
D. acceptable
15. His aunt’s letters ________ those beautiful days when they used to live together in his hometown.
A. call him on
B. call him for
C. call him up
D. call him in
II. 阅读理解
Some years ago, writing in my diary used to be a usual activity. I would return from school and spend the expected half h our recording the day’s events, feelings, and impressions in my little blue diary. I did not really need to express my emotions by way of words, but I gained a certain satisfaction from seeing my experiences forever recorded on paper. After all, isn’t accu mulating memories a way of preserving the past
When I was thirteen years old, I went on a long journey on foot in a great valley, well-equipped with pens, a diary, and a camera. During the trip, I was busy recording every incident, name and place I came across. I felt proud to be spending my time productively, dutifully preserving for future generations a detailed description of my travels. On my last night there, I wandered out of my tent, diary in hand. The sky was clear and lit by the glare of the moon, and the walls of the valley looked threatening behind their screen of shadows. I automatically took out my pen…
At that point, I understood that nothing I wrote could ever match or replace the few seconds I allowed myself to experience the dramatic beauty of the valley. All I remembered of the previous few days were the dull characterizations I had set down in my diary.
Now, I only write in my diary when I need to write down a special thought or feeling. I still love to record ideas and quotations that strike me in books, or observations that are particularly meaningful. I take pictures, but not very often—only of object s I find really beautiful. I’m no longer blindly satisfied with having something to remember when I grow old. I realize that life will simply pass me by if I stay behind the camera, busy preserving the present so as to live it in the future.
I don’t want to wake up one day and have nothing but a pile of pictures and notes. Maybe I won’t have as many exact representations of people and places;maybe I’ll forget certain facts, but at least the experiences will always remain inside me. I don’t live to make memories—I just live, and the memories form themselves.
16. Before the age of thirteen, the author regarded keeping a diary as a way of ______.
A. observing her school routine
B. preserving her history
C. impressing her classmates
D. expressing her satisfaction
17. What caused a change in the author’s understanding of keeping a diary
A. A dull night on the journey.
B. A striking quotation from a book.
C. The beauty of the great valley.
D. Her concerns for future generations.
18. What does the author put in her diary now
A. Special thoughts and feelings.
B. Notes and beautiful pictures.
C. Detailed accounts of daily activities.
D. Descriptions of unforgettable events.
19. The author comes to realize that to live a meaningful life is ______.
A. to make memories
B. to live the present in the future
C. to experience it
D. to give accurate representations of it
Unit 3Inventors and inventions KEY WORDS AND PHRASES 1．call up给……打电话；使想起；回忆 When I called up my mother in the countryside on the telephone she was very upset. (教材P20) 当我打电话给乡下的母亲时，她显得焦躁不安。 call back召唤某人回来；再访；回电话call for需要；要求；接(人或物) call in邀请；请来call on拜访(人)；号召 call in on简短拜访call at拜访(某地) call off取消 The government calls on the youth to donate their blood voluntarily.政府号召青年义务献血。 He is ill；you should call in the doctor right away.他病了，你应该立即请大夫来。2．now and then偶尔；有时(＝sometimes，but not often) Snakes come near the house now and then，and they seem to have made their home here，not far from the walnut tree.(教材P20)蛇时不时地爬到屋边来，可见这几条蛇似乎是在胡桃树附近安家了。 We haven't seen each other for years，but we chat online now and then.我们已有多年未见过面了；但是我们有时会上网聊一聊。 表示“有时、偶尔”的词语有： (every) now and again from time to time at times once in a while occasionally a little now and a little then 【提示】from time to time强调经常性；now and then等强调间歇性。3．Here was a chance for me to distinguish myself by inventing something merciful that would catch snakes but not harm them.(教材P20) 这回我有机会来表现一下自己，我要发明某种仁慈的东西，既可以把蛇抓住又不会伤害到它们。 (1)distinguish vt.& vi.显出……的差别；使……有所不同；辨别 People who can not distinguish between colours are said to be colour-blind.不能辨别颜色的人称为色盲 ①distinguish oneself (as) (作为……)表现突出；使自己与众不同；使自己成名distinguish between...and...区分/辨别……和…… distinguish...from...使……有别于……；使……具有区别于……的特征 distinguish...by...以……为特征 ②distinguished adj.卓越的；杰出的；著名的③distinguishable adj.可区别的 ④distinction n．区别 (2)merciful adj.宽大的；仁慈的 They asked him to be merciful to the prisoners. 他们要求他对犯人要以慈悲为怀。 ①mercy n．仁慈，宽容 show/have mercy to sb.对某人仁慈show no mercy to sb.对某人无情 at the mercy of任由……摆布，在……掌握中It's a mercy...[口语]……真是幸运！ ②mercifully幸运地；宽大地 They were lost at sea at the mercy of wind and weather.他们在海上迷失，任由大风和天气摆布。
(1)She has a mental toughness that did not come about by chance. 她心理稳定，这不是偶然发生的。(2016·江苏) (2)How did it come about that he knew where we were? 他是怎么知道我们在什么地方的呢？ It comes/came about that...……发生。 How does/did it come about that...？……是怎样发生的？ When it comes to...当谈到…… 名师点拨 come about相当于happen或occur，均无被动形式；且常用it作形式主语。 2．subscribe to同意；赞成；订购；捐助 (1)I subscribed to the magazine for only 32 a year.订阅 (2)How much did you subscribe to the disaster fund？捐助 (3)Do you subscribe to her pessimistic view of the state of the economy？同意 3．quantities of大量的 4．go up上升；增长；升起 5．result in导致 6．be opposed to反对…… 7．keep on继续 8．on the whole大体上；基本上 9．on behalf of代表……一方；作为……的代言人(＝on one’s behalf)代表……一方；作为……的代言人[选词填空] on behalf of，stand for，represent (1)What does WHO __________(代表)? (2)I apologize to you __________(代表) my family. (3)He __________(代表) our school to take part in the competition and all of us were proud of him. 名师点拨 (1)on behalf of是介词短语。 (2)stand for往往用来表示“(字母、数字、符号等)代表什么”。 (3)represent用来表示“代表某人/某个团体(政府等)”“某种标志代表什么”“某物表现的是 什么”和“把某人(物)描绘成什么”。
Unit 3 Inventors and inventions The First Period Reading Teaching goals教学目标 1. Target language目标语言 a. 重点词汇和短语 patent, distinguish, product, power, perfume, cube, abrupt, abruptly, convenient, expectation, monitor, passive, criterion, valid, application, file, rod, call up, now and then, set about, in case 2. Ability goals Enable the students to describe the problem of the snakes and what has been done by the writer to solve the problem. 3. Learning ability goals Help the students to learn how to retell the story and how to meet the requirements of getting a patent. 4. Emotional goals Make the students try to be good at discovering some useful things and realize that it’s not easy to get a patent. Teaching important points 教学重点 To get the main idea of the whole passage and each parts. Teaching difficult points 教学难点 Learn how to meet the requirements of getting a patent. Teaching methods 教学方法 Reading and Task-based activities. Teaching procedures & ways教学过程与方式 Step Ⅰ warming up Deal with the part of warming up and ask the students to find out the definitions of discovery and an invention, and their differences. An invention is something that is created by a human being, such as the lightning rod. To the contrary, a discovery merely makes known something that already existed in nature, such as the discovery on the New Continent by Columbia. Step Ⅱ Pre-reading
词汇 1. convey vt, 向…表达、传递（感情，思想，意见等） convey sb. to some place 用车送某人去某地 vt convey sb/ sth from ……to…..传送，运送 eg.1. The train conveys both passengers from the airport to your hotel. 2.These results will enable us at least to convey（表明）a sense of progress. 这些结果至少能表明一种进步的感觉。 3.His songs convey a sense of optimism. 【练习】I was so nervous that I couldn’t______my true feelings in front of so many people. A. expose B. deliver C. instruct D. convey 解析：. D 此题考查动词辨析。 句意：我如此紧张，以至于当着这么多人的面，我不能表达自己的真实感情。 expose显露，暴露；deliver传送，发表；instruct指示，吩咐；convey表达（思想、情感）等。 2. concrete adj/n/v混凝土的，确凿的（证据），具体的（建议） The garden had been concreted over. 铺设了混凝土 Concrete evidence Concrete proposals It’s easier to think in concrete terms rather than abstract. 3. contradictory adj引起矛盾的，好反驳的 contradict v反驳，相矛盾contradiction n不一致，矛盾 contradict oneself 自相矛盾 例句 : There were contradictory versions of what happened. 对于发生的事情的说法相互矛盾。 4. flexible adj灵活的，可弯曲的 flexibility n. 灵活 flexibly adv. 灵活地，柔顺地
Vocabulary Breakthrough Step One语音助记 I' peitant/ P atent /dis, tinqwir/ distinguish r pauda/ P Qwder /fad/ file A组 !f kOltiad courtyard /' pmdAk"卩说曲 l f p3fjU：rrV Perfume
/kjU：b/ cube l f kO：Jn/caution_ /siz/ seize l f vaelld/ valid /stnrV string /df rektan/ directory r daial/ dial
Step Two词性、词义助记 A组 仁慈的mercy n f merciful ? stain n. f stainless MZ?没有污点 的 expect ? ).expectation期望freeze v.—freezi ng仇伉冰冻的identity n. -?identification鉴定head n ? f forehead n.额头practice n. -? practical adj.实际的person t 2. —? pers onnel n.人力资源
B组 sudden adj.^abrupt M/.近义词positive adjL passive a龙?反义词happy adi.f merry同义词guilty adi.f innocent仇伉反义词stand v.—bear p. 同义词energetic adj.f dynamic a"?同义词pat v.tap c.同义词 present 仇伉―current仇伉同义词
选修6 Uniｔ3Ａheａl ｔｈy liｆｅ 要点梳理 ●重点单词 1．abuse n. & vt.滥用；虐待 ２．sｔress 压力vt.加压力于;使紧张→stressｅdａｄj.焦虑不安的 3．aｄｏlesｃenｔn．青少年ａdj.青春期的→adolescenceｎ.青春期 4．baｎｖt.禁止；取缔ｎ.禁令；谴责 5．dueａdj.欠款的；预定的；到期的 6．addiｃteｄａｄｊ.入了迷的；上了瘾的→addiｃt n.有瘾的人→addiction ｎ．沉溺;嗜好 ７．accustｏm vt.使习惯于→accｕsｔomeｄａdj.惯常的;习惯了的 8．automatｉｃadj.无意识的；自动的→＿ａutomaｔiｃally adｖ.无意识地；自动地 9．ｍｅntal adj.精神的;智力的→meｎtａllｙａdv.精神上；智力上 10．quit vt.停止(做某事);离开11?.effect n．结果；效力 １2．sｔrｅｎgthen vt. 加强；巩固；使坚强ｖi.变强→ｓtreｎgｔh n.力气→stｒong adj．强壮的13．despeｒaｔe ａdj.绝望的;拼命的 14.disapｐｏinted aｄｊ.失望的；沮丧的→dｉsappｏinｔing adｊ.令人失望的→ｄisappoinｔvｔ.使失望；使扫兴→disapｐoinｔment n.失望 1５.ａsｈamed adｊ.感到惭愧或羞耻的→shａｍeｎ．羞愧→shamefｕlａｄj.可耻的 1６.jｕｄgeｍent n．看法;判决;判断→judge v.判断 17．embaｒrａsｓed aｄj.尴尬的;陷入困境的→ｅmbａrｒａss v．(使)尴尬→emｂarraｓsｍｅnｔ尴尬1８.aｗkｗard ａｄｊ.局促不定的；笨拙的 ●重点短语 1．ｄuｅtｏ由于…… 2.addiｃted to 对……有瘾 3.accustoｍed to习惯于……4?．decide on 对……作出决定５.feel likｅ(doing) 想要(做）…… ６.in sｐｉｔe of 不顾;不管 7.take risks(a ｒisk)冒险8.gｅt iｎto 陷入;染上（坏习惯) ９．ａｔrisk 处境危险；遭受危险10.ｈａve an efｆｅcｔon 对……有影响 考点探究 Ⅰ.词汇短语过关1?.aｂｕｓｅvt. ＆n．滥用;虐待 ［即学即练1](１）Doｎ’t ______ __＿＿___＿＿___＿＿_＿.不要滥用你的特权。
Module 8Unit 3 Inventors and inventions (词汇识记·汉译英)教案序号：31-32 备课人：审核人：2016/5/20 adj. 两栖（类）的 n. 专利证书；专利权 给……打电话 n. 院子；庭院；天井 偶尔；有时 n. 胡桃；胡桃木 vi. & vt. 显示……的差别；使……有所不同；辨别 adj. 宽大的；仁慈的；慈悲的 n. 产品 n. 粉末；火药 开始；着手 n. 香水；香味 adj. 无锈的；不锈的；没有污点的n. 果冻；果冻状物 n. 立方体；立方 adj. 立方的 adj. 突然的；意外的 adv. 突然地；唐突地 adj. 便利的；方便的；就近的 n. 小心；谨慎 n. 预料；期待；期望 adj. 被动的；消极的；被动语态的adj. 愉快的；高兴的 adv. 高兴地；愉快地 vt. 抓住；捉住；夺 n. 认出；认可；承认 n. （评判的）标准；尺度 n. & vt. 要求；声称；主张 adj. 有效的；确凿的 n. 文件；档案；文件夹 vt. 提交；将……归档 adj. 熟的；成熟的 n. 线；绳子；一串 n. 胶；胶水vt.粘贴；粘合 n. 杆；棒 adj. 冰冻的；严寒的 n. 果蔬商（pl）蔬菜水果店 n. 鉴定；辨认；确定；身份证明n. 电话簿；商行名录 vt. 拨（电话） n. 降雨 n. 法庭；审判室adj. 清白的；无罪的；天真的 n. 灯笼；提灯 vt. 忍受；忍耐；负担 n. 堵塞；阻塞；果酱 n. 麦克风；话筒 n. 额头 被踩出来的路；常规；惯例 adv. 偶然地；不时地 迅速把手伸入；一心投入 班级 adj. 充满活力的；精力充沛的； 动态的；发展变化的 开始（做） adj. 多种的；多样的；多类型的n.倍数n. 点；小圆点vt. 以小圆点标出；分散vt. 轻打；轻拍；轻敲 n.轻轻地敲击（声）；（水）龙头 n. 金属丝；电线 n. 稻草；麦秆；饮料吸管 vt. 复制；再现……的形象或声音n. （水或气）流；电流 adj. 现在的；当前的 n. 直升飞机 n. 三角形；三角形物体 adj. 稳固的；稳定的；安定的 adj. 无价的；极宝贵的 姓名 vt. 联想；联系n.同伴；伙伴 adj. 实际的；实践的；实用的 n. 冰箱 n. 法庭；法院；朝廷 n. 电话分机；扩大；延伸 不挂断；稍等；紧紧握住 次序颠倒；发生故障 设法联系上（尤指打通电话）； （设法）做完；通过 回复电话 挂断电话 n. 版本；译本 n. 能力；胜利；本领 n. 能胜任的；有能力的；称职的 n. 吉普车 n. 人力资源；人事部；全体人员
高中英语选修八第3单元词汇及默写 贵阳市乌当中学高力超 patent n. 专利证书；专利权 call up 给……打电话 courtyard n. 院子；庭院；天井 now and then 偶尔；有时 walnut n. 胡桃；胡桃木 distinguish vi. & vt. 显示……的差别；使……有所不同；辨别merciful adj. 宽大的；仁慈的；慈悲的 product n. 产品 powder n. 粉末；火药 set about 开始；着手 perfume n. 香水；香味 stainless adj.无锈的；不锈的；没有污点的 cube n. 立方体；立方 cubic adj. 立方的 abrupt adj. 突然的；意外的 abruptly adv. 突然地；唐突地 convenient adj. 便利的；方便的；就近的 caution n. 小心；谨慎 expectation n. 预料；期待；期望 passive adj. 被动的；消极的；被动语态的 merry adj. 愉快的；高兴的 merrily adv. 高兴地；愉快地 seize vt. 抓住；捉住；夺 criterion n. （评判的）标准；尺度 valid adj. 有效的；确凿的 file n. 文件；档案；文件夹vt. 提交；将……归档 ripe adj. 熟的；成熟的 string n. 线；绳子；一串 glue n. 胶；胶水vt.粘贴；粘合 freezing adj. 冰冻的；严寒的 greengrocer n. 果蔬商（pl）蔬菜水果店 identification n. 鉴定；辨认；确定；身份证明 directory n. 电话簿；商行名录 dial vt. 拨（电话） rainfall n. 降雨 innocent adj. 清白的；无罪的；天真的 lantern n. 灯笼；提灯 bear vt. 忍受；忍耐；负担 jam n. 堵塞；阻塞；果酱 forehead n. 额头 beaten track 被踩出来的路；常规；惯例 dive into 迅速把手伸入；一心投入 dynamic adj. 充满活力的；精力充沛的；动态的；发展变化的 set out (to do) 开始（做） dot n. 点；小圆点vt. 以小圆点标出；分散 tap vt. 轻打；轻拍；轻敲n.轻轻地敲击（声）；（水）龙头 wire n. 金属丝；电线 straw n. 稻草；麦秆；饮料吸管
7—3 New Words 1.a nnual 作定语 happening every year ◆adj. ~ event, meeting, report, visit, show ◆n. book or periodical that is published once a year年刊，年报 2.m igration migrate from…to… ◆移居move from one place to go to live or work in another ◆迁徙(of animals) go from one place to another with the seasons The birds migrate to North Africa in winter. migrant adj.流动的，迁徙的作定语 ~ workers, ~ birds migration U
3.w itness ◆vt.目击 ~ an accident/ a murder/a quarrel ◆C目击者person who sees an event take place ~ of/to the accident eye-witness目击者 ◆C证人 ◆C/U 证据evidence give ~ 作证 His ragged clothes were (a) witness to his poverty. 4.a ccommodation ◆U 住处rooms especially for living in suitable /cheap/ temporary /permanent ~
选修6Unit 3 A heal thy life 要点梳理 ●重点单词 1．abuse n. & vt.滥用；虐待 2．stress 压力vt.加压力于；使紧张→stressed adj.焦虑不安的 3．adolescent n．青少年adj.青春期的→adolescence n．青春期 4．ban vt.禁止；取缔n．禁令；谴责 5．due adj.欠款的；预定的；到期的 6．addicted adj.入了迷的；上了瘾的→addict n．有瘾的人→addiction n．沉溺；嗜好 7．accustom vt.使习惯于→accustomed adj.惯常的；习惯了的 8．automatic adj.无意识的；自动的→_automatically adv.无意识地；自动地 9．mental adj.精神的；智力的→mentally adv.精神上；智力上 10．quit vt.停止(做某事)；离开 11．effect n．结果；效力 12．strengthen vt. 加强；巩固；使坚强vi.变强→strength n．力气→strong adj.强壮的 13．desperate adj.绝望的；拼命的 14．disappointed adj.失望的；沮丧的→disappointing adj.令人失望的→disappoint vt.使失望；使扫兴→disappointment n．失望 15．ashamed adj.感到惭愧或羞耻的→shame n．羞愧→shameful adj.可耻的 16．judgement n．看法；判决；判断→judge v．判断 17．embarrassed adj.尴尬的；陷入困境的→embarrass v．(使)尴尬→embarrassment尴尬18．awkward adj.局促不定的；笨拙的 ●重点短语 1．due to由于…… 2．addicted to 对……有瘾3．accustomed to 习惯于……
Unit 3 1.patent n. 2.call up 3.courtyard n. 4.now and then 5.walnut n. 6.merciful adj. 7.product n. 8.powder n. 9.set about 10.perfume n.
11.stainless adj. 12.△jelly n. 13.cube n. 14.cubic adj. 15.abrupt adj. 16.abruptly adv. 17.convenient adj. 18.caution n. 19.expectation n. 20.passive adj. 21.merry adj.
22.merrily adv. 23.seize vt. 24.criterion n. 25.△claim n. & vt. 26.file n. vt. 27.ripe adj. 28.string n. 29.glue n. vt. 30.freezing adj. 31.greengrocer n.（pl）
32.directory n. 33.dial vt. 34.rainfall n. 35.△courtroom n. 36.innocent adj. https://www.doczj.com/doc/6713143500.html,ntern n. 38.bear vt. 39.jam n. 40.△microphone n. 41.forehead n. 42.beaten track
43.△occasionally adv. 44.dive into 45.set out (to do) 46.dot n. vt. 47.tap vt. n. 48.wire n. 49.straw n. 50.current n. adj. 51.helicopter n. 52.stable adj.
Unit 3 A healthy life Reading At his eighties, my grandad was still fit enough to cycle 20 kilometres in an afternoon, 1. _____ seems amazing to me and I think it’s due to the 2. ______ (health life he lives. My granddad knew that I started smoking and now I am finding it difficult to give it up. Therefore, he wrote a letter to give me some advice. He told me how easy it is to begin smoking and how tough it is 3. ______(stop, as he became addicted to cigarettes during adolescence as well. Indeed, there are three different ways that makes us become addicted. First, we can become physically addicted to nicotine. This means that after a while our body becomes accustomed to 4. ____ (have nicotine in it and we will feel bad-tempered and even in pain. In addition, we become addicted through habit. That’s because people begin to do it automatically if they do the same thing over and over again. Lastly, we become mentally addicted. Smokers believe they are 5. _____ (happy and more relaxed after having a cigarette, 6._____ they began to think that they could only feel good when they smoked. Smoking has a harmful effect 7. ____ our heart and lungs. What’s worse, it was more difficult for smoking couples to become pregnant. Their babies may have a smaller birth weight or even be 8. ______ (normal in some way. 9. ____ we seldom know is that the cigarette smoke could affect the health of non-smokers. However, according to my gradad, what he did know was that his girlfriend thought he smelt terrible and that she wouldn't go out with him again 10. ______ he stopped. All in all, smoking does harm to our bodies, therefore it’s strongly recommended smokers quit smoking.
Unit 1 1.加利福尼亚（州） 2.加利福尼亚（州）人 3.vt. 说明；阐明 4.adj. 清晰的；明显的；明确的 5.n. 差别；区分；卓著 6.n. （从外国移入的）移民 7.继续存在；继续生存 8.n. 海峡 9.白令海峡 10.adj. 北极的；北极区的 11.北极 12.n. 手段；方法 13.用……办法；借助…… 14.adj. 史前的 15.n. 大多数；大半 16.n.（政府的）部；（全体）牧师；牧师 的职责 17.adj. 天主教的 n.天主教徒 18.n. 阿拉斯加（州） 19.n. 圣弗朗西斯科（也称旧金山） 20.n. 冒险家 21.习惯于新的生活方式、工作等 22.prep. 尽管；不管 23.n. 苦难；困苦 24.vt. 选择；决定做某事；选举某人 25.adj. 联邦制的；联邦政府的 26.n. 铁路；扶手；（护栏的）横条 27. n. 百分比；百分率 28.n. 洛杉矶 29.n. 意大利 30.n. 意大利人；意大利语adj.意大利人 的；意大利语的 31.n. 丹麦（北欧国家） 32.坚持；维持；沿袭（风俗、传统等） 33. n. 好莱坞；美国电影业 34.n. （人口、贸易的）繁荣 vi. 处于经 济迅速发展时期 35.n. 飞行器；航空器；飞机 36.n. 柬埔寨人；柬埔寨语 37.n. 韩国；朝鲜 38. n. 韩国/朝鲜人；朝鲜/韩语 adj. 韩国（人/语）的；朝鲜（人/语）的39.n. 巴基斯坦 40.adj. 巴基斯坦（人）的 n.巴基斯坦 人 41.vi. 移入（外国定居） 42. n. 移民；移居入境 43.adj. 人种的；种族的 44. n. 横渡；横越；十字路口；人行横 道 45.n. & adj. 代理；副职 46.n. 侄子；外甥 47.n. 地极；电极；磁极 48.n. 申请人 49.n. 海关；关税；进口税 50.n. 社会主义者；社会党人 adj.社会 主义者的 51.n. 社会主义 52.vi. 发生；出现 53.n. 牛（总称） 54.n. （美）讲西班牙语的美国人 55.vt. 指出；指示；表明；暗示 56.背靠背 57.n. 行李（<美>baggage） 58.vt. & vi. (shaved; shaved, shaven) 刮；剃 59.n. 缆绳；绳索；电缆 60.缆车；（美）有轨缆车 61.安德鲁·海利迪 62.n. （有轨）电车 63.adj. 显而易见的；显然的；表面上 的 64.adv. 显然地；显而易见地 65.n. 闸；刹车；制动器 Vi. & vt. 刹 （车）；用制动器减速 66.n. (公车)售票员；列车员;（乐队）指 挥 67.vi. 滑动；滑行；滑跤 n.滑动；滑倒 68.n. 码头 69.n. 面包房；面包厂 70.n. 渡船；渡口 vt.摆渡；渡运 71.天使岛 72.与……合作或一起工作 73.vt. & n. 租用；雇用 74.adj. 迷人的；吸引人的 75.划线；标出……界线
第三单元单词: 1.warming up & learning about language: 1.专利证书____________ 2.冰冻的;严寒的_____________ 3.鉴定;辨认___________ 4.电话薄__________ 5.拨(电话)__________ 6.降雨_________ 7.清白的;无罪的________ 8.灯笼__________ 9.忍受;忍耐_________10.堵塞;果酱_________ 11.can’t bear to do sth_______________ can’t bear doing sth________________ bear the blame___________ 2.reading1,part1: 1.院子;庭院____________ 2.宽大的;仁慈的___________ 3.产品__________ 4.粉末;火药________ 5.香水;香味___________ 6.无锈的;没有污点的________ 7.突然的;意外的________ 8.便利的;方便的___________ 11.call up_____________; call on___________ call for____________; call off_________ 12.now and then___________; from time to time___________ 13.distinguish_____________; distinguished___________ be distinguished from_______________ be distinguished for_________________ 14.set about_____________; set about doing sth_________
Unit3 教材分析 I．教学内容分析： 由于现在生活水平的提高，在满足人们物质生活方面的需求的同时，也给人类的生活带来诸多问题。尤其是健康问题。本单元的中心话题即为“健康生活”。听说读写等各活动主要围绕如何健身，怎样成为健康的人展开，其中涉及许多社会热点问题，如抽烟，吸毒，爱滋病学习与工作压力等影响健康的棘手问题。本单元引导学生讨论这些问题，目的在于让他们远离有损身体健康的活动，并养成良好的生活习惯。 Warming up部分主要围绕健康问题和真正健康的人展开讨论。并提供了七个有关健康的话题：抽烟、喝酒、吸毒、饮食、健美、性健康、压力。同时，为了启发学生联想现实中的健康话题，附了六幅图片，供学生讨论，思考。 Pre-reading 部分提供了五个讨论题，主要让学生明白“抽烟有害于健康”这一道理。在我们周围有许多人抽烟，学生经常会听到抽烟的人谈论抽烟。故此，联系实际，让学生讨论：为什么有些人要抽烟？抽烟有哪些危害？等等问题，并让学生讨论身边的人和事。虽然学生没有抽烟的切身体会，但其周围不乏许多戒烟成功的例子，让学生体会交流一下，会有现实的作用，即学生或许会说服家人或亲戚把烟戒掉。教师还可以向学生介绍一些提供戒烟帮助的组织等方面的信息。 Reading 部分是爷爷写给孙子的一封信，共分两部分，第一部分主要是爷爷向孙子介绍他能长寿和充满活力的主要原因在于他健康的生活方式。而且还以亲身体会向孙子介绍了他年轻时吸烟上瘾的原因、抽烟的危害和戒烟的方法，依此告诫孙子把烟戒掉。并说明吸烟上瘾的三个原因：1. 尼古丁的药物作用；2. 习惯的驱动力量；3. 精神上的依赖性. 还有吸烟的危害：1. 伤害心脏和肺；2. 不孕；3. 影响身边不吸烟的人的健康；4. 味道难闻；5. 手指发黄；6.跑步速度慢； 7. 不喜欢运动。第二部分提供了六种戒烟的方法：1. 制定计划；2. 下定决心； 3. 破除旧习； 4. 学习自我放松； 5. 必要时请求帮助； 6. 坚持不懈。 Comprehending部分帮助学生对课文细节的进一步理解。共提供了三个练习题。第一个练习为讨论题，主要是让学生对爷爷和爷爷的信做一个评价。并讨论爷爷的信的内容对戒烟的人是否有效，可以激活学生在读前部分学过的内容，
选修6词汇精选Unit3 2.___________drinks 含酒精的饮料She has had enough of her ___________ husband.她对酒鬼丈夫再也无法容忍了。 3.He was arrested on charges of corruption and ___________ of power. 他 因被控贪污腐化和滥用职权而遭逮捕。 4. a magazine on health and ____________ 卫生与健康杂志 5. They were not having a ____________ relationship at the time. 当时他们 之间并不存在性关系。 6. Things can easily go wrong when people are under ________. 人在压力 之下，办事情就容易出差错。 7. ______________ between the ages of 13 and 18 and the problems they face 13 至18 岁的青少年以及他们面临的问题 8. Chemical weapons are _____________ internationally. 国际上禁止使用化 学武器。 9. Most of the problems were ___________ to human error. 多数问题都是人 为错误造成的。 10. It was a __________ decision to make. 那是个很难做的决定。That was tough work. 那是棘手的工作。 11. to become __________ to drugs/alcohol/gambling 吸毒／喝酒／赌博成瘾 12. It took him a while to ____________ himself to the idea. 他过了一段时间 才习惯这个想法。 13. They are trying to negotiate the _____________ of 20,000 troops. 他们正 打算协商有关两万人的部队的撤军问题。 14. This washing-machine is fully ____________. 这台洗衣机是全自动的。 15.Her problem is _________, not physical. 她的毛病是精神方面的,而不是身 体方面的。 16. I've __________ smoking. 我戒了烟。 17. This had a great __________ upon the future of both mother and son. 这 对母子俩的将来影响很大。 18. I was ____________ with our third child at the time. 当时我正怀着我们的 第三个孩子。 19. They thought his behaviour was ___________. 他们认为他行为反常。 20. The climb made him ____________. 往上爬使他上气不接下气。 21. Her position in the party has _______________ in recent weeks. 最近几个
高二英语选修六单词与短语检测人教版 Unit 2 Poems 一. 单词拼写（须用本单元的单词和词汇） 1.If you taste some seawater, you will find it s_________- 2.We must consider a problem in all it’s a___________. 3.She lives in a charming c_________ in the countryside. 4.Li Shizhen’s Bencaogangmu has been t_____________ into many languages. 5.Most girls like wearing a d__________ ring. 6.Her face become red with__________(生气), and she couldn’t say anything. 7.The deep ________(悲伤) she felt was obvious in the expression of her face. 8.A voice came from _______(黑暗), but she couldn’t see anyone. 9.My friends were wearing two or three sweaters for extra _________(温暖). 10.If you are easy to get lost, you’d better take a ________(指南针)with you. 11.No word can c_______ my thanks to you at the moment. 12.We have learned a new sentence p_______ in this unit. 13.The ______(背诵) habit must be formed when you are young. 14.An _______(合适) method must be found to deal with such situation. 15._______(分析)the difficult sentences helps to understand the text well. 16.The music is written in a _______ (节奏) of three beats to a bar. 17.I’m ________ (等待) their reply. 18 The songs of birds ______ (唤醒) me. 19. Don’t take it seriously, he was only ______ (开玩笑) 20.. English is a _______ (分支) of Germanic family of languages. 二 . 短语翻译 1.复习，检查 2. 有意义，说得通理解……有意义，说得通 3.给某人背诵/读 / 解释…… 4.表达情感 5.向鞠躬 / 屈服 6.熬夜1. 2. 7.放轻松，别紧张别着急,慢慢来 8.用完，耗尽（及物）用完（不及物） 9.组成 / 编造 / 化妆 / 弥补 / 和解由……组成 10.再多几分钟 11. 很受欢迎 12.充满 13.Ａ翻译成Ｂ 14.一周又一周一天又一天 15.继续不停地 16.碰巧 17. 继续 / 别挂断(电话) 18.有可能….. 19.试验试穿 20.泄漏 / 发出(声音) / 释放 / 放宽(衣服)