电子工程专业英文词汇(E)
ear 线夹
earth 接地
earth bar 接地棒
earth capacity 对地电容
earth circuit大地电
earth clamp地线夹
earth conductivity大地电导率
earth conductor 接地导线
earth connection 接地
earth current 大地电流
earth current meter 大地电另
earth dam 土坝
earth detector泄漏指示器
earth electrode 接地电极
earth fault 接地故障
earth fault protection 接地保护装置earth fault relay 接地故障继电器
earth jack 接地插孔
earth lead 接地导线
earth leakage circuit breaker 漏电保护断路器
earth leakage current 漏地电流
earth magnetic field 地磁场
earth magnetism地磁
earth plate 接地板
earth plate resistance 接地板电阻earth potential 地电位
earth pressure 地压
earth resistance 接地电阻
earth resistance meter 接地电阻测量计earth resistor 接地电阻
earth return 大地回路
earth return circuit 地回路
earth return system 地回路方式
earth rod 接地棒
earth terminal 接地端子
earth wire 架空地线
earthed 接地的
earthed circuit 接地电路
earthed neutral 接地中线
earthed neutral system 接地中线系统earthenware conduit 陶瓷管道earthenware duct 陶瓷管道earthenware pipe 陶瓷管
earthing bus 接地母线
earthing conductor 接地导线
earthing contact 接地接点
earthing device 接地装置
earthing inductor接地感应线圈earthing resistance 接地电阻
earthing switch 接地开关
earthing system 接地网络
earthing terminal 接地端子
earthing transformer 接地变压器earthquake 地震
earthwork 土方工程
ebonite硬橡胶
ebonite plate 硬橡胶板
ebullition沸腾
eccentric偏心轮
eccentric position 偏心位置eccentricity 偏心率
echo check 返回检查
economic dispatch 经济等
economic life 经济寿命
economic load dispatching 经济负荷等economical current density 经济电淋度economical loading 经济负载economical operation 经济运行economizer 省煤器
economy 经济
eddy 涡流
eddy current 涡流傅科电流
eddy current brake 涡疗动器
eddy current braking 涡疗动
eddy current circuit 涡羚路
eddy current damping 涡凌尼
eddy current dynamometer 涡力率计eddy current field 涡痢
eddy current loss 涡琉失
eddy current loss factor 涡琉耗系数eddy current motor 涡羚动机
eddy currents 涡流
edge effect 边缘效应
edge notched card 边缘切口卡片
edge position control 边缘位置控制edgewise winding 扁绕绕组
edison accumulator 铁镍蓄电池edison effect 爱迪生效应
edison screw cap 爱迪生灯泡头edison socket 螺口插座
education of automatics 自动化教学effect 效应
effect of capacity 电容效应
effect of inductivity 感应率效应effective 有效的
effective admittance 有效导纳effective area 有效面积
effective current 有效电流effective energy 有效能量
effective half life 有效半衰期effective head 净落差
effective impedance 有效阻抗effective inductance 有效电感effective load 有效负载
effective mass 有效质量
effective output 有效功率
effective payload 有效营业载荷effective permeability 有效磁导率effective power 有效功率
effective radius 有效半径
effective range 有效测量范围effective reactance 有效电抗effective resistance 有效电阻effective steepness 有效陡度effective value 均方根值
effective voltage 有效电压effective work 有效功effectiveness 有效性
efficiency 效率
efficiency curve 效率曲线efficiency test 效率试验
effluent 溢流
egg insulator 蛋形绝缘子eigenfunction 本寨数
eigenvalue 本盏
eigenvector 固有向量
ejector 喷射器
elastance 倒电容
elastic collision 弹性碰撞
elastic control 弹性控制elastic deformation 弹性变形
elastic feedback 弹性反馈
elastic feedback controller 弹性反馈控制器
elastic limit 弹性极限
elastic modulus 弹性模数
elastic scattering 弹性散射
elasticity 弹性
elbow 弯管
electric 电的
electric alarm 电警报
electric apparatus 电气装置
electric appliance 电气七
electric arc 电弧
electric arc furnace 电弧炉
electric balance 电力秤;电平衡
electric bell 电铃
electric blanket 电毯
electric bleaching 电漂白
electric boiler 电热锅炉
electric brake 电力制动器
electric braking 电气制动
electric brazing 电热铜焊
electric bread toaster 电气烘面包炉electric breakdown 电哗
electric brooder 电热式育雏器
electric bus 电动公共汽车
electric calorimeter 电气量热器electric capacity 电容
electric car 电车
electric charge 电荷
electric charge surface density 电荷表面密度
electric charge time constant 充电时间常数
electric charge volume density 电荷体密度
electric chronograph 电动记时器electric circuit 电路
electric clock 电钟
electric conduction 电气传导
electric conductivity 电导率
electric conductor 导体
electric contact 电接点
electric control 电力控制
electric controller 电动控制器
electric crane 电动起重机
electric current 电流
electric current density 电淋度
lectric depth sounder 电气测深仪electric detonator 电气雷管
electric dipole 电偶极子
electric dipole moment 电偶极子转矩electric discharge lamp 放电灯
electric discharge machining 电火花加工
electric discharge time constant 放电时间常数
electric displacement 电位移
electric double layer 电偶层
electric doublet 电偶极子
electric drier 电气干燥机
electric drill 电钻
electric drive 电力传动
electric driver 电驱动装置
electric drying machine 电力干燥器electric dynamometer 电气功率计electric energy 电能
electric erosion machining 电蚀加工electric exploration 电探矿
electric eye 光电池
electric fan 电扇
electric field 电场
electric field energy 电场能
electric field intensity 电场强度electric field strength 电场强度electric field vector 电场矢量
electric filter 电滤波器
electric firing 电引火
electric floor polisher 电动地板打蜡机electric flow meter 电量计
electric flux 电通量
electric force 电力
electric furnace 电炉
electric gyrocompass 电气回转罗盘electric hair clipper 电气剪发器electric hardening 电热淬火
electric harmonic analyzer 电谐波分析器
electric heater 电热器
electric heating 电热
electric heating apparatus 电热机器electric heating appliance 电热机器electric hoist 电动起重机
electric hooter 电笛
electric hot plate 电热板
electric image 电象
electric incubator 电孵化器
electric induction 电感应
electric iron 电熨斗
electric lamp 电灯泡
electric lighter 电引燃器
electric lighting 电气照明
electric line 输配电线路
electric line of force 电力线electric load 电负载
electric loader 电动装载机
electric lock 电锁
electric locking 电气锁闭
electric locomotive 电机车
electric machine 电机
electric machine industry 电机工业electric melting 电熔
electric meter 电表
electric moment 电矩
electric motor 电动机
electric motorcar 电动车
electric omnibus 电动公共汽车electric operation 电运转
electric organ 电子琴
electric oscillation 电振荡
electric osmosis 电渗透
electric oven 电炉
electric ploghing 电力耕种
electric polarization 电极化electric potential 电位
electric power 电功率
electric power industry 电力工业electric power supply 电力供应electric power system 电力系统electric precipitation 电气集尘electric pressure gage 电气压力计
electric probe 电探针
electric prospecting 电探矿
electric pump 电动泵
electric radiant heater 辐射电热器electric radiator 电气散热器
electric railroad 电气铁路
electric railway 电气铁路
electric range 电灶
electric rate 电费率
electric rate schedule 电费规定electric refrigerator 电冰箱
electric regenerative braking 电力再生制动
electric remote control 电气遥控electric residue 剩余电荷
electric resistance 电阻
electric resistance furnace 电阻炉electric resonance 电共振
electric rock drill 电动钻岩机
electric saw 电锯
electric screen 电屏
electric shaver 电动剃刀
electric shielding 电屏蔽
electric ship propulsion 电船推进electric shock 电击触电
electric signal 电信号
electric siren 电笛
electric sleep 电灵醉
electric smelting 电冶炼
electric smelting furnace 电熔炼炉electric soldering 电焊
electric soldering iron 电烙铁
electric space heater 电气供暖装置electric spark 电火花
electric spark ignitor 电火花发火机electric spark machining 电火花加工electric speed meter 电气速度计electric starter 电力起动器
electric steel 电炉钢
electric sterilization 电气杀菌electric stopwatch 电气秒表
electric stove 电灶
electric strength 介质强度
electric stress 电介质应力electric supply meter 用户电表
electric surface charge 表面电荷electric susceptibility 电气感受性electric switch machine 电气转辙机electric system 电力系统
electric tachometer 电气转速表
electric telemetering 电气遥测
electric tension 电压
electric terminals of machine 电机的电气线端
electric thermometer 电温度表
electric thickness gage 电气测厚规electric traction 电力牵引
electric train 电气列车
electric tramway 电车道
electric transmission 电力传动
electric undertaking 电业
electric utility 电业
electric vacuum cleaner 电吸尘器electric vacuum meter 电气真空计electric vehicle 电动车
electric vibration meter 电气测振计electric washing machine 电动洗衣机electric water heater 电热水器
electric wave 电波
electric welding 电焊
electric winch 电动绞车
electric winding machine 电气卷扬机electric wire 电线electrical 电的electrical acoustical transducer 电声换能器
electrical angle 电角度
electrical back to back test 反馈试验electrical bridge 电桥
electrical codes 电气规程
electrical communication 电气通信electrical coupler 电路连接器electrical damper 电气阻尼器
electrical dipole 电偶极子
electrical discharge machining 放电加工
electrical distance 电距离
electrical efficiency 电效率
electrical endurance 电气耐久性
electrical energy 电能
electrical engineer 电气工程师electrical engineering 电工学
electrical equipment 电气设备
electrical erosion arc machining 放电加工
electrical hygrometer 电气湿度计electrical industry 电气工业
electrical installation 电气装置electrical installation work 电气安装工作
electrical insulating board 电绝缘纸板electrical interconnection 电互相联接electrical interlocks 电气联锁electrical length 电气长度
electrical loss 电损
electrical machinery and apparatus 电机与七
electrical measurement 电气测定electrical measuring instrument 电测仪表
electrical moisture meter 电气水份计electrical musical instrument 电气乐器electrical neutral axis 电气中性轴electrical noise 电噪声
electrical ore finding 电探矿
electrical potential difference 电位差electrical power 电功率
electrical pressure 电压
electrical property 电气性质
electrical quantity 电量
electrical recorder 电气记录器electrical relay 继电器
electrical salinometer 电气盐液比重计electrical sheet 电工钢片
electrical shielding 电屏蔽
electrical thermometer 电气温度计electrical viscometer 电粘度计electrical zero 电零点
electrically alterable read only memory 可改写只读存储器
electrically heated thermocouple 电热温差变换器
electrically measuring instrument 电气计测仪器
electrically wound clock 电钟electrician 电气技术员
electricity 电气
electricity meter 电量计
electrification 电气化
electrification by friction 摩擦起电electrified body 带电体
electrified main line 电气化干线铁路electrify 使电气化
electrization 带电
electro chemical series 电化序
electro driven tools 电气从动工具electro erosion 电腐蚀
electro erosion machining 电蚀加工electro hydraulic controller 电动压液控制器
electro hydraulic servovalve 电液伺服阀
electroacoustic transducer 电声换能器electroacoustics 电声学electroanalysis 电解分析electroanalyzer 电分析仪electrobalance 电动天平
electrobiology 电生物学
electrobus 电动公共汽车electrocalorimeter 电热量计electrocapillarity 电毛细管学electrocardiogram 心电图electrocardiograph 心电图描记器electrochemical 电化学的electrochemical action 电化酌electrochemical constant 电化常数electrochemical equivalent 电化当量electrochemical polarization 电化极化electrochemical valve 电化阀electrochemistry 电化学
electroculture 电气栽培
electrode 电极
electrode admittance 电极的导纳electrode capacitance 极间电容electrode characteristic 电极特性electrode current 电极电流
electrode dark current 电极暗电流
electrode dissipation 电极耗散electrode potential 电极电位
electrode reaction 电极反应
electrode resistance 电极电阻
electrode spacing 电极间距
electrode voltage 电极电压electrodeless discharge 无电极放电electrodeposition 电附着
electrodialysis 电渗析
electrodynamic 电动力的
electrodynamic ammeter 电动式安培计electrodynamic analogy 电动模拟electrodynamic force 电动力electrodynamic instrument 电动系仪表electrodynamic potential 电动势electrodynamic relay 电动式继电器electrodynamic voltmeter 电动式伏特计electrodynamic wattmeter 电动式瓦特计electrodynamics 电动力学electrodynamometer 电动系仪表electrodynamometry 电力测功法electroencephalogram 脑电图electroendosmose 电渗
electroextraction 电解抽出
electrofluid dynamic generation of electricity 电铃发电
electroforming 电铸
electrogalvanizing 电镀锌
electrograph 电记录器
electrographite brush 人造石墨电刷electrograving 电蚀刻
electrogravure 电刻
electrohydraulic actuator 电动液压传动electrohydraulic analogy 电液模拟electrokinematics 电运动学electrokinetic energy 动电能electrokinetics 动电学electrokinetograph 电动仪
electrolier 电烛台
electroluminescence 电发光
electrolysis 电解
electrolyte 电解质
electrolytic analysis 电解分析electrolytic capacitor 电解电容器electrolytic cell 电解电池
electrolytic cleaning 电解清洗electrolytic condenser 电解电容器electrolytic conduction 电解导电electrolytic copper 电解铜
electrolytic corrosion 电蚀electrolytic dissociation 电离解electrolytic extraction 电解抽出electrolytic iron 电解铁
electrolytic lightning arrester 电解式避雷器electrolytic meter 电解库仑计electrolytic oxidation电解氧化electrolytic polarization电解极化;电解分极
electrolytic polishing 电解研磨electrolytic protection 电解保护electrolytic rectifier电解整流electrolytic reduction 电解还原electrolytic refining 电解精炼electrolytic resistance 电解电阻electrolytic voltameter电解电量计electrolyzer 电解槽
electromagnet电磁铁
electromagnet core 电磁铁芯electromagnetic 电磁的electromagnetic brake 电磁制动器electromagnetic braking 电磁制动electromagnetic clutch电磁离合器电磁联轴节
electromagnetic compatibility 电磁适应性
electromagnetic contactless relay 电磁无接点继电器
electromagnetic contactor 电磁接触器electromagnetic coupling 电磁耦合electromagnetic crack detector 电磁探伤仪
electromagnetic damper 电磁阻尼器electromagnetic damping 电磁阻尼electromagnetic deflection 电磁偏转electromagnetic energy 电磁能electromagnetic field 电磁场electromagnetic flaw detector 电磁探伤仪
electromagnetic flow meter 电磁量计electromagnetic force 电磁力electromagnetic ground detector 电磁式接地检验器
electromagnetic induction电磁感应electromagnetic instrument 电磁系仪表electromagnetic interaction 电磁互酌electromagnetic interference 电磁干扰electromagnetic isotope separation unit 电磁同位素分离装置
electromagnetic levitation 电磁浮置electromagnetic loudspeaker 电磁扬声器electromagnetic momentum 电磁动量electromagnetic ore separator 电磁选矿机
electromagnetic oscillograph 电磁式示波器
electromagnetic potential 电磁位electromagnetic pressure gage 电磁压力计
electromagnetic pump 电磁泵electromagnetic radiation 电磁辐射electromagnetic relay 电磁式继电器electromagnetic release 电磁释放electromagnetic scalar potential 电磁标势
electromagnetic screen 电磁屏electromagnetic seismograph 电磁地震仪electromagnetic separator 电磁分离机electromagnetic shielding 电磁屏敝electromagnetic switch 电磁开关electromagnetic system 电磁系electromagnetic theory 电磁理沦electromagnetic torque 电磁转矩electromagnetic transducer 电磁转换器electromagnetic tripping 电磁释放electromagnetic unit 电磁单位electromagnetic vector potential 电磁矢势
electromagnetic voltmeter 电磁伏特计electromagnetic wave 电磁波electromagnetical analogies 电磁模拟electromagnetics 电磁学electromagnetism 电磁学electromechanical convertor 机电变换器electromechanical interlocking machine 机电联锁机
electromechanical interlocking mechanism 机电联锁机
electromechanical interlocks 机电联动装置
electromechanical oscillations 机电振荡
electromechanical transducer 机电换能器
electromechanics 电机学electrometallurgy 电冶
electrometer 电位计
electrometer amplifier 静电计放大器electrometer tube 静电计电子管electrometer valve 静电计电子管electrometry 测电术
electromobile 电动车
electromotive force 电动势electromotive force standard 电动势标准
electromotor 电动机
electromyograph 肌电图仪
electron 电子
electron avalanche 电子雪崩
electron beam 电子束
electron beam machining 电子束加工electron beam probe 电子探针
electron beam welding 电子束焊接electron camera 电子摄象机
electron capture 电子俘获
electron cloud 电子云
electron collection 电子收集
electron collector 电子收集极
electron conduction 电子传导
electron gun 电子枪
electron microscope 电子显微镜
electron mobility 电子移动性
electron motion 电子运动
electron optics 电子光学
electron telescope 电子望远镜
electron tube 电子管
electron volt 电子伏特
electronarcosis 电灵醉
electronic analog computer 电子模拟计算机
electronic computer 电子计算机electronic conduction 电子传导electronic controller 电子第器electronic current 电子电流
electronic data processing 电子数据处理
electronic data processing machine 电子数据处理机
electronic data processing system 电子数据处理系统
electronic device 电子装置
electronic digital computer 电子数字计算机
electronic measuring instrument 电子测量仪器
electronic musical instrument 电子乐器electronic potentiometer 电子电位计electronic printer 电子印刷机electronic relay 电子继电器
electronic self balancing instrument 电子式自动平衡仪表
electronic serial computer 电子串行计算机
electronic structure 电子结构electronic voltage regulator 电子电压蝶器
electronics 电子学
electronoptical transducer 电子光换能器
electrooptics 电光学
electroosmosis 电渗
electrophoresis 电泳
electrophorus 起电盘
electrophysics 电物理学electrophysiology 电气生理学electroplating 电镀
electropneumatic 电空气压的electropneumatic brake 电动气动制动器electropneumatic controller 电动气动控制器
electropneumatic interlocking device 电动气动联锁装置
electropneumatic switch 电动气动开关electropneumatic switch machine 电动气动转辙机
electropneumatic transducer 电动气动变换器电气转换器
electropneumatic valve 电动气动阀electrorefining 电解精炼
electroscope 验电器
electroscopy 验电法
electrospark machining 电火花加工electrostatic 静电的
electrostatic attraction 静电吸引electrostatic capacity 静电电容electrostatic charge 静电荷electrostatic coating 静电喷涂electrostatic coupling 静电耦合electrostatic deflection 静电偏转electrostatic effect 静电效应electrostatic electron microscope 静电型电子显微镜
electrostatic energy 静电能量electrostatic field 静电场electrostatic filter 静电滤波器electrostatic focusing 静电聚焦electrostatic force 静电力electrostatic generator 静电发电机electrostatic ground detector 静电接地探测器
electrostatic induction 静电感应electrostatic instrument 静电系仪表electrostatic memory 静电存储器electrostatic painting 静电喷涂electrostatic potential 静电势electrostatic precipitator 静电滤尘器electrostatic protection 静电保护electrostatic relay 静电继电器electrostatic repulsion 静电推斥
Legal English (revised version for the students) Ch.1 The Main Features of Legal English 一、法律英语的英译: David Mellinkoff(加州大学洛杉矶分校法学院教授):《The Language of the Law》1963 1.legal English---Lawful English Legal parlance(说法、用语)/legal lingo(行话、隐语)/legal jargon(行话、黑话)/legalese( 法律八股文)/language of jurisprudence(法理语言) 2. the English Language of the Law or shortened as “the language of the law” 3. 法律英语与法学英语 二、法律英语的范围: 是否凡是涉及法律的英语(词汇、表达方法、句子结构……)都是法律英语? 英美法学界所公认的法律英语主要是指普通法国家(common-law countries)的法律人所用的习惯语言(customary language),包括某些词汇、短语,或具有特色的一些表达方法(mode of expressions)。 三、法律英语的主要特点: I. precise or exact (准确) 正常情况下,起草法律文件时,用词造句务必十分精准(with great exactness),因为一旦笔者的思想、观点、企图落实成文字,即成为法庭判断是非的重要依据,因为按严格解释原则(principle of strict construction)或唯名论原则(principle of nominalism),尽管实践中还存在推测意图原则(principle of presumed intent),但其不占主导地位,书面文字仍然是法官解释法律文件的唯一依据。 实务中鉴于对法律文件中文字的理解不一,也是常有纠纷出现: e.g. The Charter required that directors “shall be elected on a vote of the stockholders representing not less than two-thirds of outstanding capital st ock of the corporation.” 甲方理解成:被选上董事的人需三分之二的股东投票赞成(a candidate to be elected needs the votes of two-thirds of the stockholders ) 乙方则认为:选董事时须有三分之二的股东出席(two-thirds of the stockholders must be present at the meeting at which the election is held) What’s the judge’s opinion? e.g. 一个阿肯色州的美国人临终前写了一个遗嘱,遗嘱写道: The remainder of the testator’s property should be “divided equally between all of our nephews and nieces on my wife’s side and my niece.” 问题出在对“between”一词的理解上。立遗嘱人妻子一边的外甥和外甥女加在一起共有22个。这句话是指立遗嘱人的遗产的一半归其妻子方的22个外甥和外甥女,另一半归其本人一方的外甥女?还是指将遗产在双方的外甥外甥女中平均分配呢? 为达准确之目的,常使用下列招法: 1. 使用专门术语(下文有述) 2. 重复使用具有绝对含义的词汇,如all , none, perpetuity, never, unavoidable; 3. 使用具有绝对限制含义的短语:
几个法律术语的翻译 挑选法院“Forum shopping”是英美法上的一个术语,系指利用国际民事管辖权的积极 冲突,从众多有管辖权的法院中选择一个最能满足自己诉讼请求的法院去起诉的行为。对于“Forum shopping”,我国学者中有“挑选法院”、“选购法院”、“择地行诉”和“竞择法院”等不同译法。对其具体含义,我国学者的普遍理解是“当事人选择于己有利的法院起诉,从而使对方蒙受不利”。当事人在不同国家(法域)提起诉讼,由于各国(法域)政治、文化、经济、法律传统方面的差异,冲突规范存在差别,其指引的实体法会有所不同,各国(法域)法院对于同一涉外民商事案件,就可能会作出不同的判决,因此,当事人为维护自己的利益,总是希望选择一个对自己最为有利的法院进行诉讼,当事人这种选择法院的行为与在集市上进行商品买卖时挑选物品极为相似,故称之为“挑选法院”更为恰当。 1.contract,现在多译为"合同",我以为不分场合、不分情况一律译为"合同"是不妥的。因为我们中国人看见"合同"一词就想到一个书面的、写成一条一条的文件,可是contract一词的含义范围却要广泛得多。contract不限于书面的文件,口头上也可订contract,打电话也可以订contract,甚至于不说话也能订contract,例如在报摊上付钱买份晚报或买票搭乘公共汽车。contract就是有法律约束力的协议,只有较重要的contract 才采取书面形式。所以一般的、泛指的contract应当译"契约",例如law of contract应当译"契约法",较重要的、书面的contract才译"合同",例如contract for the international sale of goods可以译"国际售货合同". 2.intellectual property,不知道当初为何译成"知识产权",以后竟然以讹传讹广泛沿用至今,而且订入法律,实在可叹!这个词组不论按字面上译、按含义译都不能译"知识产权".intellectual一词根本没有"知识"的意思,它与"知识"是两个不同的概念。作为名词intellectual指"知识分子",但是在intellectual property词组中intellectual显然是形容词而不是名词,何况"知识分子"与"知识"并不能划等号,即使退一万步对号入座地硬译,也只能译"知识分子产权"而不能译"知识产权".当然,译"知识分子产权"也是错的。从含义上看,何谓intellectual property?它是指对于智力劳动所创造的智力产品或智力成果的权利,主要包括版权、专利权、商标权等,所以应该译为"智力产权".我们的前辈严复曾说,"一名之立,旬月踟蹰",我们今天对待译名何等需要那样的认真精神啊!译名宜慎重,不要随便译,使用现有的译名也该慎重,尤其不要随便跟着别人使用、传播错误的译名,应该抵制错误的译名! 3.joint venture.这个术语译时要当心。因为按其原来的意思,是指短期的临时性的合伙,可是现在又常用来表示"合资企业、合营企业".所以翻译时要依据上下文及其他情况来判定该译"短期合伙"还是译"合营企业". 4.jurisdiction.除了管辖、管辖权、审判权、审判机构等释义外,还有一个释义,即"法域"或"法律管辖区域",意思是自有一套法律制度的区域。一个国家可能是一个法域,如法国,也可能有许多法域,如美国的50个州每个州都是一个法域。"一国两制",可以说是"一个国家、两个法域".
火电厂英语专业词汇 acid cleaning 酸洗inter-stage leakage 级间漏汽 coal bunker 原煤斗intervation/disturbing/bump 扰动 excess air 过量空气inverter 转换开关 induced draft fan 引风机isolate 相互隔离 steam drum 汽包item 物品、元件 sub-distribution transformer 低压厂用变journal bearing 支持轴承 6kv station board 6KV公用配电屏kilo-volt 千伏 6kv unit board 6KV配电屏low pressure cylinder/casing(LP) 低压缸 A: ampere 安培large scale integrate circuit 大规模集成电路 actuator 执行机构LED 发光二极管 adapter 转接器、接头、light/ignite 点火 air circuit breaker 空气断路器linear variable differential transformer (LVDT) 线性差动变压器air dry 分析基linearization 线性化 air pre-heater 空气预热器liquid 液态 air-insulated 空气绝缘的live steam 主蒸汽 algorithms 算法load tap-changing 有载调压的 alignment 平直度log 记录、日志 alteration 改造longitudinal 纵向的 alternating current 交流电lug 吊耳 ammonia 氨major pant item 主要辅机 amplitude 幅度making current 关合电流 analogue 模拟量malfunction 误动作 Analogue to Digital conversion 模数转换mechanism 操作机构 annex 附属部分medium 媒介、介质 annular 环状的membrane panel/wall 膜式壁 annunciator 报警器micro-governor 微型调速器 anthracite 无烟煤mill 铁素体 apex 顶点millivolt 毫伏 archive buffer 文件缓冲器Mimic 模拟图 armature 电枢MMC: motor control center 电动机控制中心 as received 应用基Modulation 调节、调制 ash 灰分modulation-demodulation 调制解调 ASM 模拟子模块moisture 水分 Attemperator 减温器monitor mode 监控方式 Automatic Boiler Controls 锅炉自动控制monitor/monitor unit 监控器 automatic control system 自动控制系统monitoring 监测 autonomous 独立存在的monoxide 一氧化碳 auxiliary 辅助的motor starter 电动机启动装置 axial 轴向的motor-operated 电动操纵的 back-up 备用moving blades/ blading 动叶片 bar 条形multi-fork root 叉型叶根 bar-graph 条形图Multi Function Process(MFP) 多功能处理器 batch 成组的、成批的MV A: mega volt-ampere 兆伏安
广告英语翻译常用词汇 产品远销英国、美国、日本、意大利和东南亚,深受消费者欢迎和好评Our products are sold in Britain, America, Japan, Italy and South East Asia and well appreciated by their purchasers. 畅销全球 selling well all over the world 典雅大方 elegant and graceful 定型耐久 durable modeling 方便顾客 making things convenient for customers 方便群众 making things convenient for the people; to suit the peo ple's convenience 方便商品 convenience goods 方便生活 bringing more convenience to the people in their daily life; prov iding amenities for the people; making life easier for the popula tion 各式俱全 wide selection; large assortment
顾客第一 Customers first 顾客是我们的皇帝 We take customers as our Gods. 规格齐全 a complete range of specifications; complete in specific ations 花样繁多 a wide selection of colours and designs 货色齐全 goods of every description are available. 客商第一,信誉第一 clients first, reputation first 款式多样 a great variety of models 款式活泼端庄 vivid and great in style 款式齐全 various styles 款式新颖 attractive designs; fashionable(in) style; novel (in) de sign; up-to-date styling 款式新颖众多 diversified latest designs 美观大方 elegant appearance 美观耐用 attractive and durable 品质优良,疗效显著,誉满全球,欢迎选购 excellent quality, evident effect, good reputation over the world, orders are welcome. 品种多样 numerous in variety 品种繁多 great varieties 品种齐全 complete range of articles; a great variety of goods
法律英语翻译专业词汇 大全 This model paper was revised by LINDA on December 15, 2012.
equality of men and women, equality between [of] the sexes南昌市 Nanchang Municipality南京市 Nanjing Municipality南宁市 Nanning Municipality南平市Nanping Municipality南通市 Nantong Municipality脑外伤综合症 combined external head injuries年报 annual report年度账目 annual accounts宁波市 Ningbo
Municipality宁静的占有权 quiet possession宁夏回族自治区 Ningxia Hui Nationality Autonomous Region扭亏为盈 turn a loss-making enterprise into a profitable one扭曲金融分配 distorted allocation of financial resources纽约公约 New York Convention农村剩余劳动力 surplus rural labour农村信用社 rural credit cooperatives农副产品采购支出 outlays for agricultural procurement农工商联合企业 agro-industrial-commercial combines农垦区 land reclamation district农民集体 peasant collective农药残留物 pesticide residue农业部 Ministry of Agriculture农业发展银行 Agriculture Development Bank农业税agricultural tax农转非 rural residents become urban residents虐待 maltreat虐待罪 crime of abuse挪用公款 misappropriation of public funds殴打他人 assault 偶犯 casual offender排斥外在证据原则 parol evidence rule排除责任条款 exclusion clause排纷解讼 dissolution of disputes and litigation排他性的独占权exclusive monopoly right派生的分租人 derivative under-lessor派生的分租租契derivative under-lease判案理由 adjudicative reasons, grounds of judgment判处sentence判定 confirm判定债务人没有付款的誓章 affidavit of default on the part of the judgment debtor判决 judgment判决理据 grounds of judgment判决书 written judgment判决执行 enforcement of the judgment判刑 sentence泡沫经济bubble economy泡沫效应 bubble effect培育新的经济增长点 to tap new sources of economic growth赔偿 compensate赔偿金 compensation money赔偿损失 compensation for losses赔偿责任 liability to damages配股 allotment of shares, rationed shares配合饲料 compound/mix feed配偶 spouse配偶的父母 parents-in-law配套改革concomitant reforms配套人民币资金 local currency funding of批复 Reply批评教 育 re-education批准 approve, approval批准机关 approval authority批准文号
电气英文词汇 mechanical performance test 机械性能试验 air circuit breaker 空气断路器 air gap 气隙 aircraft obstruction lighting 航空障碍灯 anti-corrosion 防腐蚀 anticorrosive, dust-proof and water-resistant lighting fixture 三防灯具arc-suppression coil 消弧线圈 arcing contact 弧触头 arcing-extinguishing contacts 灭弧触头 ampacity 载流量 armature 电枢 armature coil 电枢绕组 armoured cable 铠装电缆 asynchronous 非同期 auto-transformer 自耦变压器 auxiliary building transformer 辅助厂房变压器 auxiliary circuit 辅助回路 auxiliary contact 辅助触头 auxiliary power system 厂用电系统 asymmetrical impedance 不对称电抗 temperature rise test 温升试验 background luminance 背景亮度 ballast 镇流器 ballast-factor 镇流器系数 booster transformer 增压变压器 breakdown torque 破坏转矩 brush holder 刷握 brush supporter 刷架 brushless excitation system 无刷励磁系统 short circuit making and breaking test 短路关合和开断性能试验 cable 电缆 3 cores cable 三芯电缆 cable clip 电缆夹 cable conduit 电缆管 cable flexible conduit 电缆软管 cable laying 电缆敷设 cable mezzanine 电缆夹层 cable raceway system 电缆通道系统 cable shaft 电缆竖井 cable support 电缆支架 ceiling mounted 嵌入顶棚 ceiling voltage 顶值电压
1.素质教育:Quality Education 2. EQ:分两种,一种为教育商数Educational quotient,另一种情感商数Emotional quotient 3. 保险业:the insurance industry 4. 保证重点指出:ensure funding for priority areas 5. 补发拖欠的养老金:clear up pension payments in arrears 6. 不良贷款:non-performing loan 7. 层层转包和违法分包:mutlti-level contracting and illegal subcontracting 8. 城乡信用社:credit cooperative in both urban and rural areas 9. 城镇居民最低生活保障:a minimum standard of living for city residents 10. 城镇职工医疗保障制度:the system of medical insurance for urban workers 11. 出口信贷:export credit 12. 贷款质量:loan quality 13. 贷款质量五级分类办法:the five-category assets classification for bank loans 14. 防范和化解金融风险:take precautions against and reduce financial risks 15. 防洪工程:flood-prevention project 16. 非法外汇交易:illegal foreign exchange transaction 17. 非贸易收汇:foreign exchange earnings through nontrade channels 18. 非银行金融机构:non-bank financial institutions 19. 费改税:transform administrative fees into taxes 20. 跟踪审计:foolow-up auditing 21. 工程监理制度:the monitoring system for projects 22. 国有资产安全:the safety of state-owned assets 23. 过度开垦:excess reclamation 24. 合同管理制度:the contract system for governing projects 25. 积极的财政政策:pro-active fiscal policy 26. 基本生活费:basic allowance 27. 解除劳动关系:sever labor relation 28. 金融监管责任制:the responsibility system for financial supervision 29. 经济安全:economic security 30. 靠扩大财政赤字搞建设:to increase the deficit to spend more on development 31. 扩大国内需求:the expansion of domestic demand 32. 拉动经济增长:fuel economic growth 33. 粮食仓库:grain depot 34. 粮食收购企业:grain collection and storage enterprise 35. 粮食收购资金实行封闭运行:closed operation of grain purchase funds 36. 粮食销售市场:grain sales market 37. 劣质工程:shoddy engineering
法律英语翻译:法律翻译常用词汇注释(A-Z) A Ab initio Ab initio是拉丁文,其意思是“自开始之时”或“从头开始”,可以直接翻译为“自始”。在法律英语中,ab initio 的使用频率较高,比较常见。如:ab initio mundi(有史以来),void ad initio(自始无效)等。 Accord accord在普通英语中的含义是符合,一致,在法律英语中则表示和解或和解协议,指指债务人和一个债权人达成的、以偿还部分债务免除全部债务责任的协议。如reach an accord达成和解协议,accord and satisfaction和解与清偿等。 Accused 被告Accused通常指刑事案件的被告,民事诉讼的被告称为Defendant;而申索案件中的被索偿的一方称为Respondent(答辩人)。 Acquire acquire在普通英语中的含义是获得,获取,而且通常指通过后天的努力获得。在法律英语中通常指对公司的购买,收购,我们通常所说的M&A,即是acquire的名词acquisition和merger的缩写。如The foreign investor has acquired more than 10 PRC domestic enterprises engaging in related industries within a year. 外国投资者一年内并购中国境内关联行业的企业超过10个。 Acquittal 罪名不成立。刑事案件经审讯后,被告罪名不成立被释放,称为“The accused is acquitted”。Acquittal 是名词。详见民法中和刑法中表达不同意思的“acquit”一文。 Act act在普通英语中的含义是行动,行为,在法律英语中通常理解为作为,与不作为forbear相对应。如:Notwithstanding anything contained in this Act, the Minister may, on the recommendation of the Commission, direct the Commission to act or forbear from。 Action act在普通英语中的含义是行动,在法律英语中则理解为诉讼,相当于suit或lawsuit,如initiate an action提起诉讼,win an action在诉讼中获胜,defend oneself in an action在诉讼中为自己辩护等。 Adjourn
第一、按照法律的原意,理解法律英语 中国法律理论与普通法有很大不同,加之中国的法律有待更进一步完善,因此,有一部分英文的法律名词和术语,很难在中文里找到与此相对应的确切的词汇。如"unjust enrichment"可直译为“不当得利”,但其法律含义却比《民法通则》中的“不当得利”宽泛得多,不但包含了《民法通则》中的92条“不当得利”、93条“无因管理”的情况,而且还有违反信托义务(fiduciary duty)和侵犯他人知识产权所取得的利益。另外,agreement 和contract,可以翻译为“协议”和“合同”,在中国法律中,似乎没有什么区别。但是,根据普通法规定,有要约和承诺,便是一个agreement,而agreement只有在采取书面形式(deed)或有对价(consideration)支持的情况下,才能成为contract,具有法律效力。这样的例子,不胜枚举。所以,一定要按照法律的原意,理解英文。不可望文生义,生搬硬套。 第二、遵循法律的学习规律,学习法律英语 中国法律英语的学习者,难以深入的一个重要原因,就是没有按照这一规律,按部就班地学习法律,在一些基本概念和分类都没有搞清楚的情况下,就开始盲目自修。与任何学问和手艺一样,法律有其自身的由浅入深、从易到难的学习规律。英美法学院均设有核心课程(core subjects),学生必须先行完成核心课程,才可以修其他法律部类。我个人认为,“开卷有益”不适合法律英语的学习。只有当掌握了法律基础之后,才是开卷有益,否则,只能造成理解上的艰难和混乱。 第三、英语的难易与法律的难易 在澳洲留学期间,我发现关于刑法的书,读得比较通畅,语言障碍也少;而财产法却艰涩、难懂,念起来非常吃力。而本国学生就没有这样难易差距的感受。我想原因在于,西方的刑法理论,与中国相似;我在大学期间,刑法又学得很好。由于对法律本身熟悉,所以,觉得刑法英语很容易理解和掌握。相反,澳大利亚的财产法是继承英国的传统,诸如财产权的相对性、衡平法产权等等理论,在国内,从未接触过。由于对法律原则的陌生,导致阅读的吃力。所以,英语本身无难易,难易取决于法律本身。对法律原则的理解越深、越透,表述法律的英语,就越简单、易解。 第四、英语的不通源于法律的不通 在做法律翻译时,翻译过很多英文合同,经常会涉及到某某条款是"condition"或"warranty",当时就直译为“条件”或“保证”,仅知道“条件”是合同的重要条款,“保证”是非重要条款,但这又有什么区别呢?学了普通法才理解,这种区别的法律意义在于违约后的法律后果不同:违反condition,守约方有权终止合同,同时要求损害赔偿;但违反warranty,守约方虽然有权要求损害赔偿,但必须继续履行合同,否则,也是违约。
火力发电站常用英语技术词汇 boiler house: 锅炉房 coal conveyor 输煤装置 coal bunker: 煤仓 coal mill磨煤机 steam boiler, water boiler tube 蒸汽锅炉,管式锅炉furnace(combustion chamber): 炉膛( 燃烧室) water tube: 水管 ash pit 灰坑 superheater: 过热器 water preheater: 水预热器 air preheater: 空气预热器 gas duct(flue): 烟气管, 烟道 dust collecting plant: 集尘室electrical precipitation plant: 电气除尘室 induced draught fan: 引风机 chimney: 烟囱 deaerator: 除氧器 feed water tank: 供水箱 boiler feed pump: 给水泵 switchgear: 开关设备 cable tunnel: 电缆通道 cable cellar: 电缆槽 turbine room: 汽轮机室 steam turbine with alternator: 蒸汽汽 轮发电机组economizer: 省煤器 steam drum: 汽包 surface condenser: 表面凝汽 low-pressure preheater: 低压预热器 circulating water pipe(pump): 循环水 管 control room: 控制室 electrostatic dust remover(precipitator): 静电除尘器pulverizer 磨煤机 slag pump 灰渣泵 thermal cycle: 热力循环 (net)heat rate: (净)热耗率 Assemblie: 集合,集结,组装 comment 注释,评论 module : 模块standby: 备用 proximity 相近,接近,亲近 detector: 探测器bracket: 支架 interlocks 互锁,联锁axial: 轴向的 surge conditions: 喘振: accessory: 附件pulsation: 有节奏的跳 动,跳动
翻译常用词汇 高枕无忧resting without worries 史无前例unprecedented in the history 不可一世a conquering hero 毫不示弱equally firmly 量体裁衣to act according to actual circumstances 一刀两断to cut it clean 与虎谋皮to ask a tiger for its skin 六亲不认to disown all one’s relatives and fri ends 英雄本色the true quality of a hero 英雄所见略同Great minds think alike. 每逢佳节倍思亲On festive occasions more than ever we think of our dear ones faraway. 上有好,下必有其焉。What the superior loves, his inferiors will be found to love exceedingly.大江东去,浪淘尽,千古风流人物。The Great River flows to the east: Its waves have washed away all the men of untrammeled spirit of a thousand ages. 上兵伐谋,其次伐交。What is supremely important in war is to attack the enemy’s strategy. Next best is to disrupt his alliances. 问君能有几多愁,恰似一江春水向东流。I wonder how many sorrows you have. They are exactly like the Yangtze River unceasingly flowing eastward in spring. 千呼万唤始出来,犹抱琵琶半遮面。Only after a thousand entreaties does she appear. Her face half hidden behind the guitar (pipa) in her arms. 吃得苦中苦,方为人上人。Only if you can stand the hardest of hardships can you hope to rise in society. 是非经过不知难You never know how hard a task is almost until you have done it yourself. 满招损Pride goes before a fall. / Pride spells failure. 适可而止Bind the sack before it be full. 好汉做事好汉当A true man has the courage to accept the consequences of his own actions.知己知彼,百战不殆。To know one’s and the enemy’s situation ensures victory. 牵扯之覆,后车之鉴。The overturned car ahead is a warning to the ones behind. 山雨欲来风满楼The wind sweeping through the tower heralds a rising storm in the mountains. 是故学然后知不足,教然后之困。Therefore, to learn makes us realize our deficiency, and to teach makes us know the difficulties. 人尽其才、地尽其利、物尽其利、货畅其流。Our human, land and material resources should be used to the best advantage, and our goods should be in good circulation. 父母有抚养教育未成年子女的义务,成年子女有赡养扶助父母的义务。Parents have the duty to rear and education their children who are minors, and children who have come of age have the duty to support and assist their parents. 中华人民共和国公民有劳动的权利和义务。Citizens of the P eople’s Republic of China have the right as well as the duty of work. 各民族公民都有用本民族语言文字进行诉讼的权利。Citizens of all nationalities have the right to use the spoken and written languages of their own nationalities in court proceedings.
A Ab initio 从开始形容事件由开始时的状态,例如合约从开始便已经无效,称为“The contract was void ab initio”。Accord accord在普通英语中的含义是符合,一致,在法律英语中则表示和解或和解协议,指指债务人和一个债权人达成的、以偿还部分债务免除全部债务责任的协议。如reach an accord达成和解协议,accord and satisfaction和解与清偿等。 Accused 被告Accused通常指刑事案件的被告,民事诉讼的被告称为Defendant;而申索案件中的被索偿的一方称为Respondent(答辩人)。 acquire acquire在普通英语中的含义是获得,获取,而且通常指通过后天的努力获得。在法律英语中通常指对公司的购买,收购,我们通常所说的M&A,即是acquire的名词acquisition和merger的缩写。如The foreign investor has acquired more than 10 PRC domestic enterprises engaging in related industries within a year. 外国投资者一年内并购中国境内关联行业的企业超过10个。 Acquittal 罪名不成立刑事案件经审讯后,被告罪名不成立被释放,称为“The accused is acquitted”。Acquittal 是名词。 Act act在普通英语中的含义是行动,行为,在法律英语中通常理解为作为,与不作为forbear相对应。如:Notwithstanding anything contained in this Act, the Minister may, on the recommendation of the Commission, direct the Commission to act or forbear from。 Action act在普通英语中的含义是行动,在法律英语中则理解为诉讼,相当于suit或lawsuit,如initiate an action 提起诉讼,win an action在诉讼中获胜,defend oneself in an action在诉讼中为自己辩护等。 Adjourn 休庭,押后法庭在聆讯途中暂时休庭30分钟,称为“adjourned for 30 minutes”。如要将聆讯押后再排期重审,称为“adjourned to a date to be fixed”。 Admission admission是admit的名词,在普通英语中的含义是承认或接纳。在法律英语中,则通常是法律程序中的一个用语,意思是采纳,采信(证据),如The defendant challenged the admission of the evidence by the court on the ground that the evidence was irrelevant.被告以证据没有相关性为由反对法院对其予以采信。 Adopt adopt的最常见含义是采用,通过,如adopt a law通过一项法律,adopt a proposal采纳一个建议等,这种用法在法律英语中也较为常见。另外,adopt在法律英语中可能会用到一个含义是收养,如adopt an orphan according to law根据法律规定收养孤儿。 Affect affect是普通英语中最常见最普通的单词之一,意思是影响,通常用在口语和非正式的场合中。但在法律英语,affect(本义没有改变,仍然是影响),确实非常正式的用法,通常不能用influence等单词替换。如The failure of either party at any time or times to require performance of any provision hereof shall in no manner affect its right at a later time to enforce the same.任何一方在任何时候未要求另一方履行本协议任一条款,并在不影响其以后强制执行该条款的权利。
法律渊源source of law 制定法statute 判例法case law; precedent 普通法common law 特别法special law 固有法native law; indigenous law 继受法adopted law 实体法substantial law 程序法procedural law 原则法fundamental law 例外法exception law 司法解释judicial interpretation 习惯法customary law 公序良俗public order and moral 自然法natural law 罗马法Roman Law 私法private law 公法public law 市民法jus civile 万民法jus gentium 民法法系civil law system 英美法系system of Anglo-American law 大陆法系civil law system 普通法common law 大陆法continental law 罗马法系Roman law system 衡平法equity; law of equity 日尔曼法Germantic law 教会法ecclesiastical law 寺院法canon law 伊斯兰法Islamic law 民法法律规范norm of civil law 授权规范authorization norm 禁止规范forbidding norm 义务性规范obligatory norm 命令性规范commanding norm 民法基本原则fundamental principles of civil law 平等原则principle of equality 自愿原则principle of free will 公平原则principle of justice 等价有偿原则principle of equal value exchange 诚实信用原则principle of good faith 行为act 作为ac 不作为omission 合法行为lawful act 违法行为unlawful act 民事权利权利能力civil right 绝对权absolute right 相对权relative right 优先权right of priority 先买权preemption 原权antecedent right 救济权right of relief 支配权right of dominion 请求权right of claim 物上请求权right of claim for real thing 形成权right of formation 撤销权right of claiming cancellation