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海运提单和货代提单的区别

海运提单和货代提单的区别
海运提单和货代提单的区别

海运提单和货代提单的区别 [转贴 2009-03-11 18:02:02]

字号:大中小货代提单还要换单的.

回答者: HSJ0215 - 经理五级 6-18 10:51

货代提单交点费用就是海运提单了,而区别就是有些客户信用证规定需要海运提单,不要货代提单,这个时候你就一定要拿到海运提单了

海运提单(MARINE/OCEAN B/L),具有三种功能:一是承运人或其代理人收到货物后,签发给托运人的一种货物收据,二是承托双方运输契约成立的凭证,三是收货人在货物到达地提取货物的物权凭证。与海运提单相对应的是租船提单(CHARTER PARTY B/L)和多式联运单据(MULTIMODAL TRANSPORT DOCUMENT) 海运提单大多认为船东单,我认为海运提单包括货代提单(HOUSE B/L)、船东提单(MASTER B/L)。(我在相关的书上没有找到,也没查到,这点我不确定)货代提单(HOUSE B/L),和它对应的是船东提单(MASTER B/L) 这两种提单差别不大,只是签发人的资质不同 H B/L 在目的港会多换单费(有时不只一个换单费噢) H B/L 签章显示的是 AS AGENT FOR THE CARRIER 或类似的字样; M B/L 签章显示是 AS CARRIER 或类似的字样(UCP500号中对此有明确的规定),不是以提单的抬头来区分的,出船东提单签代理的章的多了如果L/C中没有特别要求,两者效力相同,都是有价单据,都可背书转让。不可转让,不是货权凭证的是海运单(SEAWAY BILL), **无船承运人(NVOCC)提单也是HOUSE BILL OF LADING ,是承运人签发给它,它再以自己的名义签发给客户,这种情况的提单不是物权凭证。** 现在货代出的提单大多打AS AGENT FOR THE CARRIER ,即使出货代的名头,签自己的章,显示AS CARRIER 银行基本也会收的,(银行没有义务审核单据的真伪)收货人没有要求的话,就由发货人自己定,M B/L基本不会给你倒签的。

海运单和提单的区别

海运单与提单的区别 海运单(SeaWaybill),又称海上运送单或海上货运单,它是"承运人向托运人或其代理人表明货物已收妥待装的单据,是一种不可转让的单据,即不须以在目的港揭示该单据作为收货条件,不须持单据寄到,船主或其代理人可凭收货人收到的货到通知或其身份证明而向其交货"(引自1978年9月联合国欧洲经济委员会《Recommendation》) 海运单与提单的区别和联系 1、提单是货物收据、运输合同、也是物权凭证,海运单只具有货物收据和运输同这两种性质,它不是物权凭证。 2、提单可以是指示抬头形式,通地背书流通转让:海运单是一种非流能性单据,海支单上标明了确定的收货人,不能转让流通。 3、海运单和提单都可以作成"已装船(Shippedonboard)形式,也可以是"收妥备运"(Receivedforshipment)形式。海运单的正面积各栏目格式和缮制方法与海运单提单基本相同,只是海运单收货人栏不能做成指示性抬头应缮制确定的具体收货人。 4、提单的合法持有人和承运人凭提单提货和交货,海运单上的收货人并不出示海运单,仅凭提货通知或其身份证明提货,承运人凭收货人出示适当身份证明交付货物。 5、提单有全式和简式提单之分,而海运单是简式单证,背面不列详细货运条款但载有一条可援用海运提单背面内容的条款。 6、海运单和记名提单(StraightB/L),虽然都具名收货人,不作背书转让,但它们有着本质的不同,记名提单属于提单的一种,是物权凭证,持记名提单,收货人可以在提货却不能凭海运单提货。 使用海运单的好处 海运单仅涉及托运人、承运人、收货人三方,程序简单,操作方便,有利于货物的转移。 首先,海运单是一种安全凭证,它不具有转让流通性,可避免单据遗失和伪造提单所产生的后果。 其次,提货便捷、及时、节省费用,收货人提货无须出示海运单,这既解决了近途海运货到而提单未到的常见问题,又避免了延期提货所产生的滞期费、仓储费等。 再次,海运单不是物权凭证,扩大海运单的使用,可以为今后推行EDI电子提单提供实践的依据和可能。 海运单的使用 1、跨国公司的总分公司或相关的子公司间的业务往来。 2、在赊销或双方买方付款作为转移货物所有以的前提条件,提单已失去其使用意义。 3、往来已久,充分信任,关系密切的伙伴贸易间的业务/ 4、无资金风险的家用的私人物品,商业价值的样品。 5、在短途海运的情况下,往往是货物先到而提单未到,宜采用海运单。 海运单的不足及解决办法 海运单在实践中也存在着一些问题,为此,国际海事委员会制订并通过了《海运单统一规则》。

如何区分货代单与船东单

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空运提单的背面条款及其依据

空运提单的背面条款及其依据 提单的背面条款及其依据:在全式(LONGTERM)正本提单的背面,列有许多条款,其中主要有: 定义条款(DEFINITIONCLAUSE)--主要对“承运人”,“托运人”等关系人加以限定。 管辖权条款(JURISDICTIONCLAUSE)--指出当提单发生争执时,按照法律,某法院有审理和解决案件的权利。 责任期限条款(DURATIONOFLIABILLITY)--一般海运提单规定承运人的责任期限从货物装上船舶起至卸离船舶为止。集装箱提单则从承运人接受货物至交付指定收货人为止。 包装和标志(PACKAGESANDMARKS)--要求托运人对货物提供妥善包装和 正确清晰的标志。如因标志不清或包装不良所产生的一切费用由货方负责。运费和其他费用(FREIGHTANDOTHERCHARGES)--运费规定为预付的, 应在装船时一并支付,到付的应在交货时一并支付。当船舶和货物遭受任何灭失或损失时,运费仍应照付,否则,承运人可对货物及单证行使留置权。自由转船条款(TRANSHIPMENTCLAUSE)--承运人虽签发了直达提单,但 由于客观需要仍可自由转船,并不须经托运人的同意。转船费由承运人负担,但风险由托运人承担,而承运人的责任也仅限于其本身经营的船舶所完成的那段运输。 错误申报(INACCURACYINPARTICULARSFURNISHEDBYSHIPPER)--承 运人有权在装运港和目的港查核托运任申报的货物数量,重量,尺码与内容,如发现与实际不符,承运人可收取运费罚款。 承运人责任限额(LIMITOFLIABILITY)--规定承运人对货物灭失或损坏所造

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船东提单和货代提单的不同操作 在国际上通行的做法是船公司对货代,货代对客户,所以,如果大家注意一下,应该可以发现从国外进口过来的货物客户手里拿到的通常会是分单。这样客户就只会流转在货代之间,而在船公司那里流转的是货代的信息,大家可以看我在3 楼留言中的链接部分的流程图。这也可以说是货代出分单的一个好处,出分单还有以下一些好处: 1. 对于FOB 条款,运费到付的业务,通常货代都需要把主单的收货人打给其目的港的代理,然后货代出分单给客户,将来代理会为其从收货人那里收取运费。船公司一方面在做运费到付上有一定限制,另外船公司的价格和报给客户的价格之间的差价部分,如果只出主单,也不是很好处理。而代理却可以非常方面地处理掉这个问题。 2. 对于DDU,DDP 的业务,船公司只会负责把货运到目的港,如果发货人要求货代做一条龙服务,这时货代就需要出分单,主单出给自己在目的港的代理,由代理负责目的港清关、送货甚至代垫税金。这就是目前流行的门到门服务,只要客户告诉我们你的货物在哪里,我们将从发货人的门提货直到送到收货人的门。 3. 对于运往北非或南美的空运业务,由于航空公司和航班的限制,另外从成本角度考虑,通常货代会选择在DUBAI 和MIAMI 做中转港,即安排一程先把货物先运到这DUBAI 和MIAMI,然后由货代在DUBAI 和MIAMI 的代 理安排把货物运抵北非或南美。这时就需要把主单CONSING 给货代在这两 个港的代理,而货代会出分单给客户。大家可以看到,正是货代之间紧密的国际合作,使得业务可以分段操作,而对于客户确实全程的效果。 4. 对于三角贸易的业务,国内货代会要求船公司出全程主单给自己,然后

海运提单条款翻译

Received in apparent good order and condition unless otherwise indicated herein, the goods, or the container(s) o package(s) said to contain the goods described herein for transportation from the place of receipt or the port of loading to the place of delivery or the port of discharge to be carried subject to the terms and conditions hereof. One of the original bill of lading duly endorsed must be surrendered in exchange for the goods or delivery order. In accepting this bill of lading, the merchant agrees to be bound by all the stipulations, exceptions, terms and conditions on the face and back hereof. Whether written, typed, stamped or printed as fully as if signed by the merchant any local custom or privilege to the contrary notwithstanding. In witness whereof the number of original bills of lading stated below have been signed, one of which being accomplished the other(s) to be void. See terms on reverse 承运人已收到符合提单规定的表面状况良好的货物(除本提单另有说明),此货物为承运人接收运输货物一栏所示的全部货物或据称内装相应货物的集装箱或其它货物包装,将从货物接收地或装船港运往卸货港或货物交付地并受本提单的所有条款之约束。货方必须向承运人提交一份经适当背书的正本提单,以换取货物或提货单。 货方接受本提单,即意味着明确接受并同意(如同已签署)本提单正面与背面的所有条款与条件,不论是手写、打印、签章或是印刷的,即使有与此相反的当地习惯和特权也不例外。 兹证明承运人或其代理人已按本提单底部所示的提单份数签发提单,等其中一份正本完成提货任务后,其它各份提单即行失效。 提单条款续背页 Received in apparent good order and condition except as otherwise noted the total number of containers of packages or units enumerated below (*) for transportation from the place of receipt to the place of delivery subject to the terms hereof. One of the original bill of lading must be surrendered duly endorsed in exchange for the goods or delivery order. On presentation of this document (duly endorsed) to the carrier by or on behalf of the holder, the rights and liabilities arising in accordance with the terms hereof shall (without prejudice to any rule of common law of statute rendering them binding on the merchant) become binding in all respects between the carrier and the holder as though the contract evidenced hereby had been made between them. In witness whereof the number of original bills of lading stated below have been signed one of which being accomplished the others to be void. See terms on reverse 兹收到外表状况和条件良好(除本提单另有说明)的下述总数集装箱或其他包装或单位的货物,依据本提单所列条款和条件,从收货地运往交货地。货方必须向承运人提交一份经适当背书的正本提单,以换取货物或提货单。提单持有人或其代表向承运人提交经背书的提单时,依照本提单条款的条件而产生的权利和义务,在不损害普通法或成文法中约束货方的任何规定的条件下,将使本提单持有人和承运人之间的各方面受其约束,如同提单持有人和承运人之间已签订了本提单所证明之契约。 兹证明承运人或其代理人已按本提单底部所示的提单份数签发提单,等其中一份正本完成提货任务后,其它各份提单即行失效。 提单条款续背页 1 / 1

第八章 海运提单教案汇总

第八章海运提单 [学习目的]了解海运提单的基本含义及其在外贸业务中的作用,掌握海运提单的缮制技巧,理解海运提单的基本内容。 [计划学时]三讲6学时 [重点与难点] 重点:海运提单的基本内容 难点:海运提单的缮制技巧。 [教学方法]案例导课,分析引出内容,强调海运提单的外贸单证业务中的重要性,课堂精讲。布置作业两次,并批改。 [教学手段与教具]教学大纲、教案、教材和其他相关教材,单据模板。 [教学过程设计] 第一讲(2个课时) 第一节海运委托书 第二节海运提单理论概述 第二讲(2个课时) 第三节海运提单的主要内容及条款解析 第四节海运提单的缮制 第三讲(2个课时)

第五节实训指导 布置作业:本章节的作业形式:纸制作业 第一节海运委托书 一、海运委托书的含义 何谓海运委托书 海运委托书又叫托运单(Booking Note),是托运人根据贸易合同和信用证条款内容填制的,向承运人或其代理办理货物托运的单证,也是船公司缮制提单的主要依据。 提问:1、哪一方缮制海运委托书? 2、海运委托书能证明什么? 二、海运委托书缮制样本 1、海运委托书的内容 参照书中海运委托书样本,解释海运委托书个项目内容。2、海运委托书缮制 解释海运委托书个项目内容缮制依据。 三、租船订舱业务流程 结合书中租船订舱业务流程图,说明租船订舱业务过程。

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海运单与电放提单产生的根源是提单危机。提单,是船方或其代理人在收到承运货物后签发给托运人的货物收据,是托运人与承运人之间运输契约的证明,法律上有物权证书的效用。提单自1500年问世以来,一直是国际海运中的重要媒凭,在运输单据中具有显赫地位。但近些年来,其优势却频频遭到冲击,危机重重。 首先是由于海运业飞速发展而带来的危机。近些年尤其是80年代以来,随着海运业的发展,集装箱运输广泛使用,高速船舶大量涌现,中途港大量减少,装卸设备不断改进,海运时间大大缩短。这对提单流程提出了挑战:在提单流程中,收货人必须凭提单正本提货,而正本提单往往被卖方所控制,当货到而提单未到收货地,或收货人未对汇票承兑,付款而得不到提单正本时,就会出现货等单的问题,由此而引起延迟卸货或码头拥挤现象,尤其是近洋运输。如从中国青岛港到韩国仁川一般航程为14小时,如采用提单,正本提单到达买方一般需一个星期左右,这样货物就要滞港至少5 6天,既给港口带来了压力,也给买方带来不便或增加了额外的费用,如担保提货的资金占用和仓储费等。在此情况下,海运单与电放提单便应运而生。 其次是EDI贸易方式给提单带来的危机。在有纸贸易中,提单有三种法律性质:海上货物运输合同的证明,承运人收到货物的收据,货物所有权的凭证。在EDI被运用于国际贸易以后,租船订舱由电子计算机自动进行。提单即表现为储存于电子计算

海运单与提单的区别和联系

海运单与提单的区别和联系 1、提单是货物收据、运输合同、也是物权凭证,海运单只具有货物收据和运输合同这两种性质,它不是物权凭证。 2、提单可以是指示抬头形式,通地背书流通转让:海运单是一种非流通性单据,海运单上标明了确定的收货人,不能转让流通。 3、海运单和提单都可以作成“已装船(Shipped on board)形式,也可以是”收妥备运“(Received for shipment)形式。海运单的正面及各栏目格式和缮制方法与海运提单基本相同,只是海运单收货人栏不能做成指示性抬头,应缮制确定的具体收货人。 4、提单的合法持有人和承运人凭提单提货和交货,海运单上的收货人并不出示海运单,仅凭提货通知或其身份证明提货,承运人凭收货人出示适当身份证明交付货物。 5、提单有全式和简式之分,而海运单是简式单证,背面不列详细货运条款但载有一条可援用海运提单背面内容的条款。 6、海运单和记名提单(Straight B/L),虽然都具名收货人,不作背书转让,但它们有着本质的不同,记名提单属于提单的一种,是物权凭证,持记名提单,收货人可以提货却不能凭海运单提货。 使用海运单的好处 海运单仅涉及托运人、承运人、收货人三方,程序简单,操作方便,有利于货物的转移。 首先,海运单是一种安全凭证,它不具有转让流通性,可避免单据遗失和伪造提单所产生的后果。 其次,提货便捷、及时、节省费用,收货人提货无须出示海运单,这既解决了近途海运货到而提单未到的常见问题,又避免了延期提货所产生的滞期费、仓储费等。 再次,海运单不是物权凭证,扩大海运单的使用,可以为今后推行EDI电子提单提供实践的依据和可能。 海运单的使用 1、跨国公司的总分公司或相关的子公司间的业务往来。 2、在赊销或双方买方付款作为转移货物所有权的前提条件,提单已失去其使用意义。 3、往来已久,充分信任,关系密切的伙伴贸易间的业务。 4、无资金风险的家用的私人物品,商业价值的样品。 5、在短途海运的情况下,往往是货物先到而提单未到,宜采用海运单。 海运单的不足及解决办法 海运单在实践中也存在着一些问题,为此,国际海事委员会制订并通过了《海运单统一规则》。 海运单的不足主要体现在以下两方面: 1、进口方作为收货人,但他不是运输契约的订约人,与承运人无契约关系,如果出口方发货收款后,向承运人书面提出变更收货人,则原收货人无诉讼权。 《海运单统一规则》第三条规定:“托运人订立运输合同,不仅代表自己,同时也代表收货人,并且向承运人保证他有此权限”,同时,第六条规定:“托运人具有将支配权转让收货人的选择权,但应在承运人收取货物之前行使,这一选择权的行使,应在海运单或类似的文件上注明。”这项规定既明确了收货人与承运人之间也具有法律契约关系,也终止了托运人在原收货人提货前变更收货人的权利。 2、对出口托运人来说,海运单据项下的货物往往是货到而单未到,进口方已先行提货,如果进口收货人借故拒付、拖付货款、出口方就会有货、款两失的危险。为避免此类情况,可以考虑以银行作为收货人,使货权掌握在银行手中,直到进口方付清货款。 海运单将会作为海运提单的替代单据,得到更加广泛的应用,了解海运单方面的知识,才能更好地适应国际贸易的不断发展。 倒签提单卖方承担什么法律后果 在我们大量的进出口贸易的实践中,倒签提单现象对我们每个外销员来说似乎并不陌生,特别是在近洋贸易运输实践中,正确把握好签单日期,是保证结汇安全十分重要的一环。衷心希望大家从其所造成的严重的法律后果上给予充分的认识。 案例: 1999年3月20日,某外国公司(卖方)与我国某进出口公司(买方)签订一项货物购销合同,合同规定交货期为6月10日,付款方式原为信用证,之后卖方擅自变更为托收形式付款。买方于6月8日收到装船电报通知,注明货物已于6月7日载往中国大连港,并注明合约号和信用证号。6月14日买方接到提货通知和随船提单一份,提单上的装船日期为6月11日。为此,买方以外方违约为由拒绝提货并绝付款,同时提出合同作废。外方(卖方)不服,双方协调无效,外方依据仲裁条款提起仲裁。那么,中方以卖方违约为由提出的要求受法律保护吗?如果中方以上述理由提出的要求不受法律保护,那么应以什么事实为由才能使其合法权益获得保障?

外代无抬头海运提单和背面条款

The follow are the conditions and exceptions hereinbefore referred to: 1.D EFINTION. “Merchant” i ncludes the Shipper, the Receiver, the Consignor, the consignee, the Holder of the Bill of Lading and the Owner of the Goods. 2.J URISDICTION. All disputes arising under and in connection with this Bill of Lading shall be settled in the flag – state of the ship, or otherwise in the place mutually agreed between the Carrier and the Merchant. 3.P ARAMOUNT CLAUSE. This Bill of Lading shall be subject to the Hague Rules contained in the International Convention for the Unification of Certain Rules of law Relating to Bills of Lading, dated at Brussels the 25th August 1924, or the corresponding legislation of the flag state of the ship. If the stipulation of this Bill of Lading are wholly or partly contrary there to, this Bill of Lading shall be read as if such stipulation or part thereof, as the case may be, were deleted. 4.P ERIOD OF RESPONSIBILITY. The responsibility of the Carrier shall commence from the time when the goods are loaded on board the vessel and shall cease when they are discharged from the vessel. The Carrier shall not be liable for loss of or damage to the goods before loading and after discharging from the vessel, howsoever such loss or damage arises. 5.P ACKING AND MARKS. The Merchant shall have the goods properly packed and accurately and clearly marked before shipment. The port of destination of the goods should be marked in letters not less than 5 cm high, in such a way as will remain legible until their delivery, All fines and expenses arising from insufficiency or inadequacy of packing or marks shall be borne by the Merchant. 6.F EIGHT AND OTHER CHARGES. (1) Advance freight together with other charges is due on shipment. If not prepaid. Though stipulated, the freight and other charges shall be paid by the Mer- chant plus 5% interest per annum running from the date of notification for their payment, If the cargo shipped are perishables, low cost goods, live animals, deck cargo or goods for which there is no Carrier’s agent at the port of destination, the freight for such cargo and all related charges shall be paid at the time of shipment. Freight payable at destination together with other char ges is due on vessel’s arrival. Advance freight and/or freight payable at destination shall be paid to the Carrier in full, and non-returnable and non-deductable irrespective of whatever loss or damage may happen to vessel and cargo or either of them. (2) All dues, taxes and charges or any other expenses in connection with the goods shall be paid by the Merchant. 7.INCORRECT STATEMENT. The Carrier is entitled, at port of shipment and /or port of destination, to verify the quantity, weight, measurement and/or contents of such goods as declared by the Merchant. If the weight, measurement and/or contents of such goods as stated in the Bill of Lading turned out to be inconsistent with that of the goods actually loaded, and the freight paid falls short of the amount which would have been due if such declaration had been correctly given the Carrier is entitled to collect from the Merchant as liquidated damages to the Carrier double the amount of difference between the freight for the goods actually shipped and that misstated. The Merchant shall be liable for loss of and damage to the vessel and/or goods arising or resulting from inaccuracies in stating the description, quantity, weight, measurement or contents of the goods and shall indemnify the Carrier for the costs and expenses in connection with weighing, measuring and checking such goods. 8.LOADING, DISCHARGING AND DELIVERY. The goods shall be supplied and taken delivery of by the Owner of the goods as fast as the vessel can take and discharge them, without interruption, by day and if required by Carrier also by night, Sundays and holidays included, notwithstanding any custom of the port to the contrary and the Owner of the goods shall be liable for all losses or damages including demurrage incurred in default thereof. Discharge may commence without previous notice, If the goods are not taken delivery of by the Receiver from alongside the vessel without delay, or if the Receiver refuses to take delivery of the goods, or in case there are unclaimed goods, the Carrier shall be at liberty to land such goods on shore or any other proper places at the sole risk and expense of the Merchant, and theCarrier’s responsibility of delivery of cargo shall be deemed to have been fulfilled. Weighing on board is only allowed by special permission of the Carrier, including detention and extra costs of discharging, shall be for account of the Receivers or Consignees, notwithstanding any custom of the port to the contrary. If the goods are unclaimed during a reasonable time, or wherever the goods will become deteriorated decayed or worthless, the Carrier may, at his discretion and subject to his lien, and without any responsibility attaching to him, sell, abandon or otherwise dispose of such goods solely at the risk and expense of the Merchant. 9.LIGHTERAGE.,Any lighterage in or off ports of loading or ports of discharge shall be for the ccount of the Merchant. 10..LIEN. The Carrier shall have a lien on the goods and any document relating thereto for freight, dead freight, demurrage and any other amount payable by the Merchant, and for General Average contributions for whomsoever due and for the cost of recovering the same, and for this purpose shall have the right to sell or otherwise dispose of the goods. If on sale of the goods, the proceeds fail to cover the amount due and the cost and expenses incurred , the Carrier shall be entitled to recover the deficit from the Merchant. 11.NOTICE OF LOSS OR DAMAGE, THIME BAR. Unless notice of loss or damage and the general nature of such loss or damage be given in writing to the Carrier or his agent at the port of discharge before or at the time of the removal of the goods into the custody of the person entitled to delivery thereof under the contact of carriage, such removal shall be prima facie evidence of the delivery by the Carrier of the goods as described in the Bill of Lading. If the loss or damage is not apparent, the notice must be given within three days of the delivery.The notice in writing need not be given if the state of the goods has at the time of their receipt been the subject of joint survey or inspection.In any event the carrier and the vessel shall be discharged from all liability in respect of loss or damage unless suit is brought within one year after delivery of the goods or the date when the goods should have been delivered. In the case of any actual or apprehended loss or damage the Carrier and the Receiver shall give all reasonable facilities to each other for inspecting and tallying the goods. 12.LIMITATION OF LIABILITY. All claims for which the Carrier may be liable shall be calculated on the basis of the Merchant’s net invoice cost, p lus freight and insurrance premuim, if paid. In no event shall the Carrier be liable for any loss of possible profit or any consequential loss. The Carrier for any loss of or damage to the goods shall be limited to an amount not exceeding £100 per package or freight unit unless the value of the goods higher than the amount is declared in writing by the Shipper before receipt of the goods by the Carrier and inserted in this Bill of Lading and extra freight paid as required. If the actual value of the goods per package of per freight unit exceeds such value, the declared value shall nevertheless be deemed to be the declared value and the Carrier’s liability if any, shall not be the declared value and any partial loss or damage shall be adjusted pro rata on the basis of such declared value. 13.FORWARDING, SUBSTITUTE OF VESSEL, THROUGH CARGO AND RANSHIPMENT. If necessary, the Carrier shall be at liberty to carry the goods to their port of destination by other vessel or vessels either belonging to the Carrier or other persons or by rail or other means of transport proceeding either directly or indirectly to such port and to carry the goods or part of them beyond their port of destination, and to tranship, lighter, land and store the goods on shore or afloat and reship and forward same at the Carrier’s expenses but at Merchant’s risk. The responsibility of the Carrier shall be limited to the part of the transport performed by him on the vessel under his management. 14.DANGEROUS GOODS, CONTRABAND. (1) The Merchant undertakes not to tender for transportation any goods which are of a dangerous, inflammable, radio-active, and/or any harmful nature without previously giving written notice of their nature to the Carrier and marking the goods and the container or other covering on the outside as required by any laws or regulations which may be applicable during the carriage. (2) Whenever the goods are discovered to have been shipped without complying with the subclause 1 above or the goods are found to be contraband or prohibited by any laws or regulations of the port of loading, discharge or call or any place or waters during the carriage, the Carrier shall be entitled to have such goods rendered innocuous, thrown overboard or discharged or other wise disposed of at the Carrier’s discretion without compensation and the Merchant shall be liable for and indemnify the Carrier against any kind of loss, damage or liability including loss of freight, and any expenses directly or indirectly rising out of or resulting from such shipment. (3)If any goods shipped complying with the sub-clause (1) above become a danger to the ship or cargo, they may in like manner be rendered innocuous, thrown overboard or discharged or other wise disposed of at the Carrier’s discretion without compensation except to General Average, if any. 15.DECK CARGO, LIVE ANIMALS AND PLANTS. Cargo on deck, plants and live animals are receive d, handled, carried, kept and discharged at Merchant’s risk and the Carrier shall not be liable for loss thereof or damage thereto. 16.CARGO IN CONTAINERS. (1)Goods may be stowed by the Carrier or his agents or servants in containers and containers whether stowed aforesaid or received fully stowed may be carried on or under deck without notice. The Carrier’s liability for such carriage shall likewise be governed by the terms and conditions of this Bill of Lading irrespective of Clause 15 hereof notwithstanding the fact that the goods are being carried on deck and the goods shall contribute to General Average and shall receive compensation in General Average. (2) If a container has not been filled, packed, stuffed or loaded by the Carrier, the carrier shall not be liable for loss of or damage to the contents and the Merchant shall indemnify the Carrier against any injury, loss, damage, liability or expense incurred by the Carrier if such injury, loss, damage, liability or expense has been caused by: 1) the manner in which the container has been filled, packed, stuffed or loaded; or 2) the unsuitability of the contents for carriage in containers; or 3) the unsuitability or defective condition of the container which would have been apparent upon reasonable inspection by the Merchant at or prior to the time the container was filled, packed, stuffed or loaded. If a container which has not been filled, packed, stuffed or loaded by the Carrier is delivered by the Carrier with the seal intact, such delivery shall be deemed as full and complete performance of the Carrier’s obligation hereunder and the Carrier shall not be liab le for any loss of or damage to the contents of the container, The Shipper shall inspect containers before stuffing them and the use of the containers shall be prima facie evidence of their being sound and suitable for use. 17.REFRIGERATED GOODS. Before loading goods in any insulated space, the Carrier shall, in addition to the Class Certificate, obtain the certificate of the Classification Society’s Surveyor or other competent person, stating that such insulated space and refrigerating machinery are in the opinion of the surveyor or other competent person fit and safe for the carriage and preservation of refrigerated goods, The aforesaid certificate shall be conclusive evidence against the Merchant. Receivers have to take delivery of refrigerated cargo as soon as the vessel is ready to deliver, otherwise the Carrier shall land the goods at the wharf at the Merchant’s risk and expense. 18.TIMBER. Any statement in this Bill of Lading to the effect that timber has been shipped “In apparent good order and condition” does not involve any admission by the Carrier as to the absence of stains, shakes, splits holes or broken pieces, for which the Carrier accepts no responsibility. 19.IRON AND STEEL. Every piece of Iron and Steel is to be distinctly and permanently marked with oil paint and every bundle securely fastened, distinctly and permanently marked with oil paint and metal tagged, by the Merchant, so that each piece or bundle can be distinguished at port of discharge. If the Merchant fails to meet the aforesaid requirements, the Carrier, shall neither be responsible for correct delivery nor liable for expenses arising therefrom. 20.BULK CARGO, GOODS TO MORE THAN ONE CONSIGNEE. (1) As the Carrier has no reasonable means of checking the weight of bulk cargo, any reference to such weight in this Bill of Lading shall be deemed to be for reference only, but shall constitute in no way evidence against the Carrier (2)Where bulk Cargo or goods without marks or cargo with the same marks are shipped to more than one Consignee, the Consignees or owners of the goods shall jointly and severally bear any expense or loss in dividing the goods or parcels into pro rata quantities and any deficiency shall fall upon them in such proportion as the Carriers, his servants or agents shall decide. 21.HEAVY LIFTS AND AWKWARD CARGO. Any one piece or package of cargo weighs 2000 kilos or upwards and any awkward cargo with a length of 9 meters or upwards must be clearly and boldly marked with the weight and/or dimensions and/or length by the Shipper and shall be loaded and discharged by shore crane or otherwise at the ship’s option and at the risk and expense of the Merchant. If any damage, loss or liability to the ship, lighter, wharf, quay, cranes, hoisting tackle, or whatsoever or to whomsoever occurs owing to the lack of statement or mis – statement of weight, measurement or length, the Merchant shall be responsible for such damage, loss or liability. 22.FUMIGATION. In the event of fumigation of goods on board for whatever reason, the Carrier shall not be liable for damage to goods wi thout actual proof of the Carrier’s negligence which shall not be presumed against him, and all expenses incurred are for Merchant’s account. 23.OPTION. The port of discharge for optional goods must be declared to the vessel’s agents at the first of the optional ports named in the option not later than 48 hours before the vessel’s arrival there. In the absence of such declaration the Carrier may elect to discharge at the first or any optional port and the contract of carriage shall then be considered as having been fulfilled. Any option must be for the total quantity of goods under this Bill of Lading. 24.GENERAL AVERAGE AND NEW JASON CLAUSE. (1)General average shall be adjusted. Stated and settled according to the York – Antwerp Rulos, 1974, at any port or place at the carrier’s option. In the event of accident, danger, damage or disaster before or after the commencement which, or for the consequence of which the Carrier is not responsible, by statute contract or otherwise, the goods, Shippers, Consignees or Owners of the goods shall contribute with the Carrier in General Average to the payment of any sacrifices, losses or expenses of a General Average nature that may be made or incurred and shall pay salvage and special charges incurred in respect of the goods, If a salving ship is owned or operated by the Carrier, salvage shall be paid for as fully as if the said salving ship or ships belonged to strangers. Such deposit as the Carrier of his agents may deem sufficint to cover the estimated contribution of the goods, and any salvage and special charges thereon shall, if required, be made by the goods, Shippers, Consignees or Owners of the goods to the Carrier before delivery. 25.BOTH TO BLAME COLLISION CLAUSE. If the vessel comes into collision with another vessel as a result of the negligence of the other vessel and any act, neglect or default of the master, mariner, pilot or of the servants of the Carrier in the navigation or in the management of the vessel, the owners of the goods carried hereunder will indernmify the Carrier against all loss or liability to the other or non-carrying vessel or her Owners in so far as such loss or liability represents loss of or damage to or any claim whatsoever of the Owners of said goods paid or payable by the other or non-carrying vessel or her Owners to the Owners of said goods and setoff, recouped or recovered by the other or non-carrying vessel or her Owners as part of their claim against the carrying ship or Carrier. The forgoing provisions shall also apply where the Owners, operators or those in charge of any vessel or vessels or objects other than, or in addition to, the colliding vessels or objects are at fault in respect of a collision, contact stranding or other accident. 26. WAR, QUARANTINE, ICE, STRIKES, CONGESTION ETC. Should it appear that war, blockade, pirate, epidemics, quarantine, ice, strikes, congestion and other causes beyond the Carrier’s control would prevent the vessel from safely reaching the port of destination and/or discharging the goods thereat, the Carrier is entitled to discharge the goods at the port of loading or any other safe and convenient port and the contract of carriage shall be deemed to have been fulfilled. Any extra expenses incurred under the oforasaid circumstances shall be borne by the Merchant.

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